Moral and Ethical Qualities

† II. טוֹב adj. pleasant, agreeable, good (v. LagBN 26; Aramaic טַב, Palm. טב Vog No. 81, טבא Vog No. 75)—m. ט׳ Gn 2:12 + 22 times, טוֹבָם Mi 7:4; f. טוֹבָה Est 8:5 + 50 times, טֹבָה Dt 6:18 + 2 times; cstr. טוֹבַת Gn 26:7 + 6 times, טֹבַת Gn 24:16; pl. טוֹבִים Je 44:17 + 28 times; טֹבִים Gn 27:9 + 4 times; cstr. טוֹבֵי Dn 1:4 + 2 times; pl. טוֹבוֹת Est 2:2, טֹבוֹת Je 24:2 + 6 times, טֹבֹת Gn 6:2 + 4 times;— 1. pleasant, agreeable to the senses: a. to the sight, fair, of daughters of men Gn 6:2 (J); of a son Ex 2:2 (E), 1 S 9:2; 1 K 20:3, young men (but read herds 𝔊 Th We Klo Dr Bu) 1 S 8:16; מראיהם their appearance Dn 1:15, טֹבַת מראה Gn 24:16; 26:7 (both J), 2 S 11:2; Est 1:11; 2:3, 7; טוב ראי 1 S 16:12; טוב תאר 1 K 1:6; טובַת חן Na 3:4; טוֹבוֹת מראה Est 2:2; טוֹבֵי מראה Dn 1:4; טוב לעינים Ec 11:7; טובה בעיניו fair in his eyes Est 8:5; of mantle Jos 7:21 (J); goodly houses Is 5:9 Dt 8:12; cities Dt 6:10; situation of city 2 K 2:19. b. to the taste, good, sweet, agreeable for eating למאכל Gn 2:9; 3:6 (both J); ears of grain Gn 41:5, 22, 24, 26 (E); figs Je 24:2, 3(×2), 5; honey Pr 24:13; כְּיֵין הטוב Ct 7:10 as wine of the best sort (Hi reads כַּיַּיִן); תְּנוּבָתִי הַטּוֹבָה Ju 9:11 my sweet fruit (‖ מָתְקִי). c. to the smell, sweet-scented, of ointment Ct 1:3; קנה הטוב Je 6:20 the fragrant cane. d. of pleasant shadow of tree Ho 4:13. 2. pleasant to the higher nature, giving pleasure, happiness, prosperity, and so agreeable, pleasing, well: a. of time: יום טוב good day, festal day 1 S 25:8; Est 8:17; 9:19, 22; of feasts Zc 8:19; prosperous years Gn 41:35 (E). b. of place, טוב בית הנשׁים Est 2:9 the best part of the women’s house; בַּטּ׳ לוֹ Dt 23:17, בַּטּ׳ בְּעֵינֵי Gn 20:15 (v. c f infr.) c. of persons, (אתה) טוב בעיני pleasing in the eyes of 1 S 29:6(×2), 9 טוב בעיני י׳ Mal 2:17 (cf. vb. 5, and f infr.); later לִפְנֵי Ec 2:26(×2); 7:26; inserted in 1 S 29:10 𝔊 We Dr; cf. ט׳ עם 1 S 2:26. d. of word or message, בְּשׂוֹרָה טוֹבָה 2 S 18:27 good tidings; שְׁמוּעָה ט׳ good report 1 S 2:24 Pr 15:30; 25:25; דבר בעתו Pr 15:23 a word in its season; דבר טוב Pr 12:25 an agreeable word (maketh the heart glad); דבר טוב ψ 45:2 a good theme. e. of other things, דֶּרֶךְ טובה 1 S 24:20 a pleasant, prosperous journey; מנחה כי טוב Gn 49:15 (poem); of unity of brethren מה טוב ומה נעים ψ 133:1 how good and how pleasant it is! טוב לְ (יהיה) it shall be well for Ec 2:3; 6:12; 8:12, 13 (cf. vb. 3); הֲטוֹב כִּי Jb 13:9 will it be advantageous that (v. 5). f. עשׂה הטוב בעיני do what is pleasing in the eyes of Gn 16:6 (J), Ju 19:24; 1 S 1:23; 3:18; 14:40; 2 S 10:12 = 1 Ch 19:13, 2 S 19:19, 28, 39; 2 K 10:5; 20:3 = Is 38:3, 1 Ch 21:23 = 2 S 24:22 where obj. of העלה; (ה)טוב בע׳ (כל) (כ) עשׂה Gn 19:8 (J), Ju 10:15 1 S 11:10; 14:36 Est 3:11; עשׂה (כ)הטוב ו(כ)הישׁר בע׳ Dt 12:28; Jos 9:25 (D), 2 Ch 14:1; Je 26:14, cf. Est 8:8; nouns reversed Dt 6:18; עשׂה הטוב והישׁר לפני 2 Ch 31:20; טוב בע׳ in other combinations Nu 36:6 (P), Je 40:4; ראה הטוב והישׁר 2 K 10:3; דבּר ט׳ 1 K 22:13 = 2 Ch 18:12, Nu 10:29 (J), 1 S 19:4; Est 7:9; דבּר מטוב עד־רע speak either good or bad Gn 31:24, 29 (E); למרע ועד טוב 2 S 13:22; רע או טוב Gn 24:50 (J); התנבא ט׳ 1 K 22:8, 18 = 2 Ch 18:17; cf. 1 K 22:13 = 2 Ch 18:12. 3. good, excellent of its kind: a. of the several creations, וירא אלהים כי טוֹב and God saw that it was good, excellent Gn 1:4, 10, 12, 18, 21, 25 (P); כל אשׁר עשׂה והנּה טוֹב מאד 1:31 (P) God saw all that he had made, and behold it was very excellent. So b. of land, soil, fruitful, fertile: ארץ Ex 3:8; Nu 13:19 (both J), 14:7 (P), Dt 1:25, 35; 3:25; 4:21, 22; 6:18; 8:7, 10; 9:6; 11:17; Jos 23:16 (D), Ju 18:9; 1 Ch 28:8; אדמה 1 K 14:15; Jos 23:13, 15 (D); הר Dt 3:25; חלקה 2 K 3:19, 25; שׂדה Ez 17:8; נָוֶה Ez 34:14; מרעה 1 Ch 4:40; Ez 34:14, 18. c. of vegetation, choice, fruitful זֵיתִים 1 S 8:14; עץ 2 K 3:19, 25 Ez 31:16; שׁמן טוב 2 K 20:13 precious oil = Is 39:2, ψ 133:2 Ec 7:1; of seed, אם שׁניהם טובים Ec 11:6 whether both of them will be fruitful. d. of animals, fat בקר Gn 18:7 (J); עזים Gn 27:9 (J); פרות Gn 41:26 (E); יָרֵךְ Ez 24:4. e. of minerals, fine, pure זהב Gn 2:12 (J), 2 Ch 3:5, 8; כֶּתֶם La 4:1; brass Ezr 8:27, soldering Is 41:7. 4. good, rich, valuable in estimation: a. in quantity, שׂיבה טובה good old age Gn 15:15 (R), 25:8 (P), Ju 8:32; 1 Ch 29:28; dowry Gn 30:20 (E; many sons); treasury Dt 28:12 (from which י׳ sends blessings). b. in price, goodly, valuable: of the estimation put upon house, beast, and tithe Lv 27:10(×2), 12, 14, 33 (H); profit Pr 31:18; hire Ec 4:9; מחמדי הטבים Jo 4:5 my goodly precious things. 5. good, appropriate, becoming, טוב אשׁר Ec 7:18 (cf. 5:4 infr.); טובה חכמה עם נחלה Ec 7:11 wisdom is good with an inheritance (other trans. see in VB); ‖ יָפֶה Ec 5:17; c. עֵצָה 2 S 17:7, 14 good advice; טוב פתר Gn 40:16 (E) that he interpreted well; טוב הדבר (לא) Ex 18:17 (E) the thing is (not) good, wise, so Dt 1:14 1 S 26:16; טוב (ה)דבר the word is good, is well said 1 S 9:10 1 K 2:38, 42; 18:24; 2 K 20:19 = Is 39:8, for which abbreviated טוב well! good! exclamation Ru 3:13 1 S 20:7 2 S 3:13 1 K 2:18; followed by כּי it is good that 2 S 18:3 Ru 2:22 La 3:27 Jb 10:3 (cf. 13:9 2 e); c. inf. Gn 2:18 (J), ψ 73:28; 92:2; 147:1 Pr 25:27 (cf. sub 10); with וְ (strangely) טוֹב וְיָחִיל וגו׳ La 3:26 it is good that one wait (v. דּוּמָם, יָחִיל); בלא דעת נֶפֶשׁ לא טוב Pr 19:2 that a soul be without knowledge is not good. 6. c. מִן compar. = better, sq. inf. Gn 29:19 (E), Ex 14:12 (J), ψ 118:8, 9 Pr 16:19; 25:7 Ec 6:9; 7:2; inf. om. Pr 21:9, 19; 25:24; מן om. Nu 14:3 (J; compar. only implied); c. מן pers. Ju 15:2; Ru 4:15; 1 S 1:8; 9:2; 15:28; 1 K 2:32; 19:4; 2 Ch 21:13; Pr 12:9; 16:32; 19:1, 22; 27:10; 28:6; La 4:9; Est 1:19; Ec 4:3, 9, 13; 6:3; 7:5, 8; c. מן rei Ju 8:2; 1 S 15:22; 2 S 17:14; 1 K 21:2; 2 K 5:12; Ho 2:9; Am 6:2; Is 56:5; Jon 4:3, 8 ψ 37:16; 63:4; 84:11; 119:72; Pr 3:14; 8:11, 19; 15:16, 17; 16:8, 16; 17:1; 22:1; 27:5; Ct 1:2; Ec 4:6; 7:1, 3, 8, 10; 9:4, 16, 18; sq. מִשֶּׁ- Ec 5:4; מַה־טּוֹב … הֲ … אִם is it better … or? Ju 9:2; הֲטוב … אוֹ 18:19; אין טוב שֶׁ- Ec 2:24 (read מִשֶּׁ- v. Comm.); אין טוב מאשׁר Ec 3:22; אין טוב כִי אִם Ec 3:12; 8:15; so 1 S 27:1 𝔊 We Dr Klo Kit Bu (MT only כי c. Impf.) 7. of man’s sensuous nature, glad, happy, prosperous: טוב לב merry, glad heart Pr 15:15; Est 5:9; Ec 9:7; טוֹבֵי לב 1 K 8:66 = 2 Ch 7:10; וַנּהיה טובים Je 44:17 we were prosperous; similarly ψ 112:5. 8. of man’s intellectual nature, שֵׂכֶל טוֹב good understanding 2 Ch 30:22 ψ 111:10 Pr 3:4; 13:15; טוֹבַת שֶׂכֶל 1 S 25:3. 9. good, kind, benign: a. of men, themselves 1 S 25:15; 2 S 18:27; 2 Ch 10:7; the eye Pr 22:9; דברים טובים kind words 1 K 12:7 = 2 Ch 10:7. b. of God, himself Na 1:7; 2 Ch 30:18 ψ 86:5; כי טוב for he is good, kind ψ 34:9; 100:5; 135:3 Je 33:11; כי טוב כי לעולם חסדוֹ 1 Ch 16:34; 2 Ch 5:13; 7:3; Ezr 3:11 ψ 106:1; 107:1; 118:1, 29; 136:1; טוב לְ kind to 73:1; 145:9; La 3:25; יד (ה)טובה על Ezr 7:9; 8:18; Ne 2:8, 18; רוחךָ (ה)טובה 9:20 ψ 143:10; שׁמךָ כי טוב 52:11; 54:8; כּי טוב חסדךָ 69:17; 109:21; הדבר(ים) הטוב(ים) the good, kind word(s) spoken in promise Jos 21:43; 23:14, 15 (D), 1 K 8:56; Je 29:10; 33:14; Zc 1:13. 10. good (ethical), right: מה טוב ‖ what Yahweh requires Mi 6:8, ‖ משׁפט Jb 34:4: a. of man himself ‖ ישׁר Mi 7:4; אישׁ טוב Pr 14:14; (ה)טוב(ים) = (the) good 2 Ch 19:11 ψ 125:4 Pr 2:20; 12:2; 13:22; 14:19; 15:3; Ec 9:2(×2); man’s deeds דברים 2 Ch 12:12; 19:3; מעשׂה 1 S 19:4; Ec 12:14; מעללים Ez 36:31; דֶּרֶךְ הטובה והישׂרה 1 S 12:23 the good and right way; (הַ)דֶּרֶךְ (ה)טוב(ה) (the) good way 1 K 8:36 = 2 Ch 6:27, Is 65:2; Je 6:16 ψ 36:5; Pr 16:29; דבריךָ טובים ונכחים 2 S 15:3 good and right is thy case; דבר טוב good thing 1 K 14:13; לא טוב הדבר Ne 5:9; אשׁר לא טוב עשׂה Ez 18:18; so of מאזני מרמה etc., Pr 20:23; לא טוב c. inf. (v. 5) it is not good or right to: ענושׁ לצדּיק Pr 17:26; שׂאת פני רשׁע 18:5; הכּר פנים 28:21; 24:23 (בל טוב). b. of God טוב אתה ומטיב ψ 119:68; טוב וישׁר יהוה 25:8; משׁפטיך טובים 119:39; his commands מצות Ne 9:13; חקים Ez 20:25 (לא טובים); לקח טוב Pr 4:2; מפי עליון לא תצא הרעות והטוב La 3:38.

רָעָה310 n.f. evil, misery, distress, injury;—abs. ר׳ Gn 26:29 +; cstr. רָעַת 6:5 +; sf. רָֽעָתִי ψ 35:4 +; רָעָֽתְךָ 1 K 2:44 +; רָֽעָתֵכִי Je 11:15 (text dub.); רָֽעַתְכֶם 1 S 12:17, etc.; pl. רָעוֹת Dt 31:17 +; רָעֹת Je 44:9 Ex 23:2; sf. רָעוֹתֵיכֶם 1 S 10:19 +, etc.;— 1. evil, misery, distress: פַּחַד רָעָה Pr 1:33, באה (ה)רעה Ez 7:5(×2); c. עַל Is 47:11 (read באה for בא), Je 5:12 + 5 times; c. אֶל Je 2:3; 51:60; †הביא רעה Je 4:6 1 K 21:29; + אֶל 2 S 17:14 + 8 times K Je; + עַל 1 K 9:9 = 2 Ch 7:22, Je 19:3 + 6 times Je + 8 times; + אֶל et על Je 19:15; 36:31; יוֹם רעה 17:17, 18 + 5 times; יְמֵי הרעה †Ec 12:1 (i.e., spring days, fatal to old people, Wetzst in De Koh. 447); רָעוֹת evils Dt 31:17(×2), 21 (JE), 32:23 (poem), ψ 34:20; 40:13; 88:4; עֵת רָעָה Am 5:13; Je 2:27, 28 + 5 times; †ראה ברעה Nu 11:15 (JE) Ob 13; Est 8:6; †ראה רעה Je 44:17 ψ 90:15; Pr 22:3 = 27:12; †יפול ברעה 17:20; 28:14; †בְּרָעָה Je 44:29 (J) Pr 14:32; 24:16; Ne 1:3; 1 Ch 7:23 ψ 107:26; ברעותיכם 141:5; נִחַם עַל רָעָה Ex 32:12, 14 (J) Je 8:6 + 6 times; c. אֶל 2 S 24:16; Je 26:3, 13, 19; 42:10. 2. evil, injury, wrong: †עשׂה רעה 2 S 12:18; Je 26:19; 41:11; c. עִם Gn 26:29 (J) Ju 15:3; 2 S 13:16; c. את Ju 11:27; c. ל 1 S 6:9; 1 K 2:44 + 4 times; c. אֶל Je 44:7; obj. of vbs. חשׁב Gn 50:20 (E) Je 36:3; 48:2 + 7 times; †חרשׁ 1 S 23:9; Pr 3:29; הֵשִׁיב Gn 50:15 (E) Ju 9:56, 57 + 4 times; †גמל Gn 50:17 (E) 1 S 24:18 (17); Is 3:9; Pr 3:30; בקשׁ Nu 35:23 (P); 1 S 24:10 (9); 25:26 + 4 times; †שׁלּם Gn 44:4 (J); Je 18:20; 51:24 ψ 35:12; 38:21; לְרָעָה for harm Gn 31:52; Ex 23:2 (E); Dt 29:20; Ju 2:15; 2 S 18:32; Je 21:10 + 8 times Je, Am 9:4; Zc 1:15; Pr 6:18; Ec 5:12; בְּרָעָתֶ֑ךָ 2 S 16:8 in thy mischief; בְּרָעָה Ex 32:12 (J) for mischief; רָעָה רַבָּה Ec 2:21; רָעָה חוֹלָה Ec 5:12, 15. 3. ethical evil, 1 S 12:17, 19; 24:12; 26:18; Is 47:10; Je 2:19 + 13 times Je, + 18 times, + foll.: עָשָׂה (הָ)רָעָה Gn 39:9; Dt 31:18 (J) + 5 times + Je 18:10 (Kt, but Qr רע); מַעֲשֵׂה רעה Ec 8:11; אהב רעה Mi 3:2 (Kt); שׁוּב מרעה Je 18:8; 23:14; 44:5; בִּעֵר רעה מ׳ Ju 20:13 (v ii. רַע 3); מִפְּנֵי רָעָה Je 7:12; 44:3; מפני רָעַת רעתכם Ho 10:15; בגלל ר׳ Je 11:17; על כל ר׳ 1:16; 32:32; 33:5; מֵר׳ ψ 107:34 Je 12:4; אַנְשֵׁי רָעָה Pr 24:1.

† חַטָּאת n.f. 1 S 14:38 (Gn 4:7 no exception for רֹבֵץ is noun = crouching beast) sin, sin-offering, ח׳ Gn 4:7 + 124 times; לְחַטָּ֯ת Nu 15:24 (textual error for לחטאת), לְחַטַּאת Zc 13:1 (but read לְחַטָּאת StaZAW i. 35); cstr. חַטַּאת Ex 30:10 + 19 times; sf. חַטָּאתִי Gn 31:36 + 16 times; חַטָּאתֹיו֯ 1 K 16:26, חַטַּאתְכֶם Ex 32:30 + 3 times, etc., + 52 times sf.; pl. חַטָּאוֹת 2 K 12:17 + 3 times; cstr. חַטֹּאות ψ 25:7 + 17 times; חַטֹּאת Nu 5:6 + 6 times; sf. חַטֹּאותָ֑י ψ 25:18; חַטֹּאתָו֯ Ez 18:21; 33:16, etc., + 40 times sf.;— 1. sin: a. against man Gn 31:36; 50:17 (E), Nu 12:11 (J) 1 S 20:1; ח׳ אדם sins against man Nu 5:6 (P). Elsewhere b. against God Lv 4:14, 23, 28 (P), 1 S 2:17; 14:38 1 K 16:13(×2) 2 K 21:16, 17 2 Ch 33:19 Is 3:9; 30:1; 58:1; 59:2, 12 Je 5:25; 16:10, 18; 30:14, 15; 50:20 La 4:6, 22 Ez 16:51; 18:14; 21:29; 33:10, 16 Am 5:12 (We Kl. Proph. reads חטאיכם, as s 1:18—v. חֵטא—on acc. of masc. עצומים), Mi 1:13; 3:8 ψ 32:5; 51:5; 59:4 Pr 5:22; 13:6; 14:34; 21:4; 24:9 Jb 13:23(×2) Dn 9:20(×2) ח׳ נעורי sins of my youth ψ 25:7; פרי בטני ח׳ נפשׁי Mi 6:7 fruit of my body (my child as an offering) for the sin of myself; sin of divination 1 S 15:23; of the mouth ψ 59:13; ח׳ עמי יאכלו Ho 4:8 the sin of my people they eat (gain their daily food by means of it, cf. We; 𝔗 Hi Or al. sin-offering, but this not elsewhere in early proph., and ‖ עָוֹן against it, v. WeProl. 3. 76); לפתח חטאת רבץ Gn 4:7 (J) at the door (of Cain) sin is a crouching beast; sin of the people is embodied in the golden calf Dt 9:21; and the high places of Beth Aven Ho 10:8; c. בְּ on the ground of sin Ne 9:37; for sin Mi 1:5 2 K 24:3 Is 40:2 Je 15:13; 17:3 Ez 16:52; with or by sin 1 K 14:22; 16:2 Is 43:24; הלך בח׳ walk in sin 1 K 15:3, 26, 34; 16:19, 26, 31 2 K 17:22; דבק בח׳ cleave unto sin 2 K 3:3; c. עַל, on account of sin Dt 9:18 1 K 15:30; 16:19 Mi 6:13; for sin Lv 4:3, 28, 35; 5:6, 13 (P) 19:22; 26:18, 24, 28 (H); יסף על ח׳ add unto sin 1 S 12:19 2 Ch 28:13 Is 30:1 Jb 34:37; c. כְּ according to sin Lv 26:21; c. לְ to or for sin Lv 16:16, 21 Dt 19:15 1 K 12:30; 13:34 Pr 10:16 Zc 13:1; c. מִן because of sin Lv 4:26; 5:6, 10; 16:34 (P), 19:22 (H), La 4:13; more than sin Jb 35:3; טָהַרְתִּי מֵחַטָּאתִי I am clean from my sin Pr 20:9; מפני ח׳ because of sin ψ 38:4; בגלל ח׳ because of sin 1 K 14:16; הלך אחר ח׳ walk after sin 2 K 13:2. c. men should return from sin שׁוּב מִן 1 K 8:35 = 2 Ch 6:26, Ez 18:21; 33:14; depart from it סוּר מֵעַל 2 K 10:31; 15:18; סוּר מן 2 K 13:6, 11; 14:24; 15:9, 24, 28; be concerned about דאג מן ψ 38:19; confess הִתְוַדָּה ח׳ Nu 5:7 (P); התודה על ח׳ Ne 1:6; 9:2. d. God deals with sin: (1) he visits punishment upon it (על) פקד Ex 32:34 (JE) Ho 8:13; 9:9 Je 14:10; inquires after it דרשׁ ל Jb 10:6; watches over it שׁמר על Jb 14:16; hoards it up Ho 13:12; (2) by forgiveness: נשׂא ח׳ Ex 10:17; 32:32 (JE), 1 S 15:25; נשׂא עון ח׳ ψ 32:5; נשׂא לח׳ Jos 24:19 (E), ψ 25:18; pardon סלח לח׳ Ex 34:9 (JE) 1 K 8:34, 36 2 Ch 6:25, 27; 7:14 Je 36:3; removal הסר Is 27:9; העביר 2 S 12:13; casting into the depths of the sea Mi 7:19; (3) by covering over, making atonement for חַטָּֽאתְךָ תְּכֻפָּ֑ר Is 6:7 thy sin shall be covered over; actively, כפּר עַל ח׳ ψ 79:9; כסּה ח׳ ψ 85:3 (cf. כְּסוּי חֲטָאָה ψ 32:1); לְהָתֵם ח׳ (Qr) make an end of sins Dn 9:24; (4) by blotting out מחה ח׳ Is 44:22 Je 18:23 ψ 109:14 Ne 3:37; cleanse from sin טַהֲרֵנִי מח׳ ψ 51:4; מקוֹר לח׳ a fountain for sin Zc 13:1; (5) by not remembering it לא זכר ח׳ Is 43:25; לח׳ לא זכר Je 31:34; אַל־תֵּפֶן אֶל־חַטָּאתוֹ Dt 9:27 look not unto his sin. e. atonement may be secured for, כפּר בעד ח׳ Ex 32:30 (JE; Moses, by his intercession). f. according to P (H) the priest is to make atonement for a person (כפּר על) by sin-offering or trespass-offering, מח׳ because of sin Lv 4:26; 5:6, 10; 16:34; על ח׳ 4:35; 5:13 (all P), 19:22 (H; v. WeComp, 59 = JBTh xxii, 427), so that the man is clean from sin טהר מח׳ Lv 16:30. 2. condition of sin, guilt of sin Gn 18:20 Nu 16:26; 32:23 (J), Ez 3:20; 18:24, ח׳ יְהוּדָה חֲרוּשָׁה עַל־לוּחַ לִבָּם וּלְקַרְנוֹת מִזְבְּחוֹתֵיכֶם the sin (guilt) of Judah is graven upon the table of their heart, and upon the horns of your altars Je 17:1. 3. punishment for sin: זֹאת תִּהְיֶה ח׳ מִצְרָ֑יִם וח׳ כָל־הַגּוֹיִם Zc 14:19 this will be the punishment for sin of Egypt and the punishment for sin of all nations (the plague with which Yahweh will smite them). 4. sin-offering: one of the kinds of offering of P, Lv 7:37; first in the history 2 K 12:17 (reign of Jehoash), where חטּאת of money given to priests; elsewhere only in Chr.; 2 Ch 29:21, 23, 24 Hezekiah had made a ח׳ of 7 צְפִירֵי עִזִּים at purification of temple; Ezr 8:35; 12 צְפִירֵי ח׳ were offered; Ne 10:34 ח׳ ‖ עולות;—in these no evidence of special ritual. Sin-offering elsewhere only in codes of H Ez and P.—On Ho 4:8 v. 1 supr. In H, Lv 23:19 a שׂעיר עזים, for feast of weeks. In Ez ח׳ in gen. ‖ other sacrifices, Ez 40:39; 45:17, 25; 46:20; and priests eat them Ez 42:13; 44:29. At dedication of altar, the blood of a young bullock was to be applied to horns of altar, the corners of its settle and its border, the bullock itself burnt without the sanctuary; for each of the 7 days following a שׂעיר עזים was to be offered Ez 43:19, 21, 22, 25. On first day of first month a young bullock was to be offered to cleanse the sanctuary: its blood upt on the door posts of the house and of the gate of the inner court and on the four corners of the settle of the altar; also on the seventh day (𝔊 first day of seventh month) Ez 45:17, 19 (cf. v 18, 20). On 14th day of first month the prince was to offer a bullock for himself and the people and on each of the 7 days of the Passover week a שׂעיר עזים Ez 45:22, 23. When a priest entered the sanctuary to minister after his cleansing he was to offer his sin-offering Ez 44:27. P gives several grades: a. a ruler should offer a he-goat Lv 4:24, 25 Nu 7:16, 22, 28, 34, 40, 46, 52, 58, 64, 70, 76, 82, 87; an ordinary person a she-goat Lv 4:29 (cf. v 28) 5:6 Nu 15:27, ewe lamb Lv 4:32, 33(×2), 34; 14:19 Nu 6:14, 16, a turtle dove or young pigeon Lv 5:7, 8, 9(×2); 12:6, 8; 14:22, 31; 15:15, 30 Nu 6:11, or one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour Lv 5:11(×2), 12; according to ability of the person, and nature of offence. The victim was brought unto the tent of meeting, the hands of the offerer laid on its head, it was slaughtered by the offerer, the priest took some of the blood and put it on horns of altar of burnt-offering and the rest of the blood he poured out at the base of it, to cover over the sin, or cleanse the altar from the sin defiling it. All the fat pieces (cf. Lv 4:22–35) and a handful of the flour (cf. Lv 5:12) were burned on altar. The rest of the flesh and the flour were eaten by priests in court of Holy place Lv 5:13; 6:10, 18(×2), 23 (cf. v 11, 19), 7:7; 10:16, 17, 19(×2); 14:13 Nu 18:9. b. a bullock was offered for priests Ex 29:14, 36 Lv 4:3, 8, 20; 8:2, 14(×2); 9:2, 7, 8, 10; for Levites at their installation Nu 8:3, 12 and for whole congregation Lv 4:14, 21; but usually offering for congregation was he-goat Nu 15:24, 25, especially at dedication of altar Lv 9:3, 15, 22, and in ritual of feasts Nu 28:15, 22, 30; 29:5, 11, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34, 38. Before consecr. of tabernacle the blood went to altar of burnt-offering (Lv 9:9), but subsequ. some of it was sprinkled seven times before the vail and some of it put on horns of altar of incense to cleanse this higher altar; the fat pieces were burned on altar of burnt-offering, and the rest of the victim burned without the camp (Lv 4:3–21; 6:23; 8:16, 17; 9:10, 11). c. on day of atonement, sin-offering for high priest was a bullock Lv 16:3, 6; and for congregation two he-goats, one לַעֲזָאזֵל (v. עזאזל) Lv 16:5 (cf. v 8, 10, 20–22), the other for sacrifice ליהוה Lv 16:9 (cf. v 8). Some of the blood of Aaron’s bullock was first taken into innermost sanctuary and sprinkled on the כפרת and seven times before it; so also blood of the he-goat Lv 16:11(×2), 15 (cf. v 12–14, 16, 17) to cleanse highest altar: then the blood of the two victims was applied to lower altars as in a and b and so sin was covered over at the three altars Ex 30:10 (cf. Lv 16:16–19). The fat pieces went to altar of burnt-offering and the rest of the victims was burnt without the camp Lv 16:25, 27(×2). (Sins which might be covered over were limited to those committed בשׁגגה Lv 4:2, 22, 27 Nu 15:27, לשׁגגה Nu 15:24, minor offences Lv 5:1–6; and ceremonial uncleanness Lv 12:6, 8; 14:13; 15:15 Nu 6:11, 14.)—Phrases for sacrificing are: עשׂה ח׳ Lv 9:7, 22 14:19 Nu 6:16 Ez 45:17, הקריב ח׳ Lv 10:19 Ez 44:27, שׁחט ח׳ Lv 14:13 Ez 40:39. 5. purification from sins of ceremonial uncleanness, all P: מֵי ח׳ Nu 8:7 water of purification from sin; מֵי נִדָּה ח׳ הוּא water of (cleansing from) impurity, it is a purification from sin Nu 19:9; עֲפַר שְׂרֵפַת הח׳ Nu 19:17 ashes of the burning of the purification from sin (RV renders sin-offering; but there was no offering made, only water of purification was used).

רָשָׁע263 adj. wicked, criminal;—abs. ר׳ Gn 18:23 +; pl. רְשָׁעִים Is 13:11 +; cstr. רִשְׁעֵי ψ 75:9 + 3 times; fs. רְשָׁעָה Ez 3:18 (del. Co), v 19 (רָשָׁע Co);— †1. usually as subst., one guilty of crime, deserving punishment; sometimes also wicked; opp. צַדִּיק; רָשָׁע Ex 2:13; 23:1 (E), Dt 25:2; Pr 17:23; 18:5; 25:5; Jb 9:22, 24; coll. Gn 18:23, 25(×2) (J) Mi 6:10; Pr 3:33; 28:4, רשׁעים 1 S 24:14; Je 5:26; Pr 19:28; 20:26; 29:12, אנשׁים רשׁעים 2 S 4:11 (murderers), רָשָׁע לָמוּת Nu 35:31 (P) guilty of death, מוֹשֵׁל ר׳ Pr 28:15, cf. 29:2, הִצְדִּיק ר׳ Ex 23:7 (E) Is 5:23; Pr 17:15; הִרְשִׁעַ ר׳ Dt 25:1 1 K 8:32 = השׁיב לְרָשָׁע 2 Ch 6:23; אמר לר׳ צַדִּיק Pr 24:24. 2. guilty of hostility to God or his people, wicked enemies: רשׁע sg. ψ 17:13 + 6 times ψψ, Is 26:10; coll. ψ 9:6, 17; 10:2 + 6 times ψψ, Is 11:4 Hb 3:13; רשׁעים ψ 3:8; 7:10; 9:18 + 5 times ψψ, Is 48:22; 57:20, 21 Je 25:31 Ez 21:34 Mal 3:21 (+ (poss.) other cases; often hard to decide); specif. of Pharaoh Ex 9:27 (J), Babylon Is 13:11; 14:5, Chaldeans Hb 1:4, 13; ‖ שׂנְאֵי יהוה 2 Ch 19:2. 3. guilty of sin, against either God or man, wicked: האנשׁים הרשׁעים Nu 16:26 (J, rebellious Korahites), Mal 3:18 (not serving י׳), opp. צַדִּיק; sg. indiv. Ez 3:18(×2); 21:30; 33:8(×2) ψ 11:5; 32:10 Pr 9:7 +; coll. Is 3:11 Jb 34:18; 36:6, 17; pl. רשׁעים Is 53:9 Je 23:19 = 30:23, Zp 1:3 ψ 26:5; Pr 10:3; Ec 8:10 +; ‖ חסידים 1 S 2:9 (poem), ψ 12:9; 50:16; 97:10; 145:20; ‖ עֹזְבֵי תוֹרָתֶ֑ךָ 119:53, cf. v 61, +; †אדם ר׳ Pr 11:7; Jb 20:29; 27:13; אִישׁ ר׳ Pr 21:29; מלאך ר׳ 13:17; זֶרַע רשׁעים ψ 37:28; †עֲצַת רשׁעים 1:1; Jb 10:3; 21:16; 22:18; †דֶּרֶךְ רשׁעים Je 12:1 ψ 1:6; 146:9; Pr 4:19; 12:26; דֶּרֶךְ רשׁע 15:9; מִדַּרְכּוֹ הָֽרְשָׁעָה Ez 3:18, 19 (but v. Co, supr.); †רִשְׁעֵי (ה)ארץ ψ 75:9; 101:8; 119:119 Ez 7:21 (𝔊 Co עריצי).—רָשָׁע is rare before exile; chiefly Ez ψψ WisdLit.

† לֵבָב251 † לֵבָב251 n.m. ψ 104:15 inner man, mind, will, heart;—abs. ל׳ Dt 28:28 + 31 times; cstr. לְבַב Dt 20:8 + 22 times; sf. לְבָבִי Is 21:4 + 24 times; לְבָֽבְךָ Dt 4:29 + 35 times; לְבָבֶ֑ךָ Dt 4:39 + 21 times; לְבָבֵךְ 1 S 1:8 + 3 times; לְבָבוֹ Dt 2:30 + 37 times; לְבָבָהּ Zp 2:15 + 3 times; לְבָבֵנוּ Dt 1:28 + 3 times; לְּבַבְכֶם Dt 10:16 + 37 times; לְּבָבָם Lv 26:41 + 22 times; pl. c.sf. לִבְבֵהֶן Na 2:8 (Sta§ 353 a לְבַבְהֶן, but see Kö ii. 78); pl. לְבָבוֹת 1 Ch 28:9.—The inner, middle, or central part: I. seldom of things בִּלְבַב יַמִּים in the midst of the seas, Jon 2:3 (poetry); עד לבב השׁמים unto the midst of heaven Dt 4:11 (so Sam but MT לב). II. usually of men: 1. the inner man in contrast with the outer, כלה שׁארי ולבבי my flesh and my heart (soul) doth fail ψ 73:26; antithesis with garments Jo 2:13; hands ψ 73:13 La 3:41 (?); eyes Nu 15:39 (H) 1 S 16:7; ears Ez 3:10; mouth Dt 30:14; speech ψ 28:3; 78:18; מְתֹפֲפֹת עַל־לִבְבֵהֶן tabering upon their breasts Na 2:7 (inner for outer). 2. the inner man, indef. the soul, comprehending mind, affections and will, or, in connexion with certain verbs, having more specific reference to some one of them. בכל־לבב ובכל־נפשׁ with all the heart and with all the soul Dt 4:29; 6:5; 10:12; 11:13; 13:4; 26:16; 30:2, 6, 10 Jos 22:5; 23:14; 1 K 2:4; 8:48 (= 2 Ch 6:38 לב?) 2 K 23:25; 2 Ch 15:12; 34:31 (= 2 K 23:3 לב?) Je 32:41; abbr. בכל־לבב 1 S 7:3; 12:20, 24 1 K 14:8; 2 K 10:31; 2 Ch 15:15; 22:9; 31:21 ψ 86:12; 111:1; Je 29:13; Jo 2:12; אשׁר בלבב what is in the heart (mind) Dt 8:2 1 S 9:19; 14:7; 2 S 7:3 (= 1 Ch 17:2) 2 K 10:30; 2 Ch 32:31; cf. Jb 10:13, ψ 84:6 (?); עם לבב with the heart (mind), c. ידע Dt 8:5, שִׂיחַ ψ 77:7, usually c. (היה), of a thought or purpose, Dt 15:9; Jos 14:7; 1 K 8:17, 18(×2) (= 2 Ch 6:7, 8(×2)) 10:2 (= 2 Ch 9:1) 1 Ch 22:7; 28:2; 2 Ch 1:11; 29:10 (cf. 24:4 לב); כלבב according to the heart 1 S 13:14; 14:7 ψ 20:5. We may add Dt 5:26; 11:16, 18; 17:17; 1 S 2:35; 2 S 19:15; 1 K 8:39(��2) (= 2 Ch 6:30(×2)) 11:2, 3 (לב an error) v 4, 9; 1 Ch 12:17; 22:19; 28:9 ψ 62:9; 86:11; 139:23; Is 7:2; Dn 11:27, 28. 3. specific ref. to mind (characteristic of לבב): a. אַנְשֵׁי לֵבָב men of mind Jb 34:10, 34; גם לי לבב I also have a mind Jb 12:3; הוֹלֵלוֹת בִּל׳ madness is in (their) mind Ec 9:3 (?); וַתִּגְנֹב לְבָבִי and thou didst steal my mind Gn 31:26 (E, the לֵב of v 20 should be corrected to לבב cf. ‘steal me’ v 27). b. knowledge, c. ידע Dt 8:5; Jos 23:14; 1 K 2:44; הבין Is 6:10; 32:4; חֲכַם לֵבָב wise of mind Jb 9:4; לְבַב חָכְמָה mind of wisdom ψ 90:12. c. thinking, reflection, c. חשׁב Is 10:7; Zc 7:10; 8:17; (שׂיח ψ 77:7 supr.); יצר מחשׁבות ל׳ conception of thoughts of mind 1 Ch 29:18; מַשְׂכִּיּוֹת ל׳ imaginations of (their) mind ψ 73:7; מוֹרָשֵׁי ל׳ possessions (thoughts) of (my) mind Jb 17:11; שׂם לבב set the mind, consider Hg 2:15, 18(×2), c. לְ Dt 32:46, על Hg 1:5, 7. d. of memory שׂם בלבב lay up in the mind 1 S 21:13 Jb 22:22; השׁיב אל ל׳ lay to heart, call to mind Dt 4:39; 30:1; 2 Ch 6:37 (= 1 K 8:47 לב?); עלה על ל׳ come upon the mind Je 51:50; Ez 38:10 (cf. לֵב 3 d); סוּר מל׳ depart from the mind Dt 4:9; שׁמר בתוך ל׳ keep in the midst of (thy) mind Pr 4:21; על ל׳ upon the mind Dt 6:6. 4. spec. ref. to inclinations, resolutions, determinations of the will (characteristic of ל׳): הכין ל׳ set the mind, c. אֶל 1 S 7:3; 1 Ch 29:18, לְ 2 Ch 20:33 לדרשׁ 2 Ch 19:3; 30:19; Ezr 7:10; הטה ל׳ אֶל Jos 24:23 (E) 1 K 8:58; נתן ל׳ לדרשׁ 1 Ch 22:19, cf. 2 Ch 11:16; ל׳ פנה מעם mind turn away from Dt 29:17; 30:17; יֵהָפֵךְ ל׳ פ׳ Pharaoh’s mind was changed Ex 14:5 (E). 5. spec. ref. to conscience לא יחרף לבבי my heart (conscience) shall not reproach me Jb 27:6. 6. spec. ref. to moral character (characteristic of ל׳): God tries the ל׳ 1 Ch 29:17: a. יֹשֶׁר ל׳ uprightness of heart Dt 9:5 1 Ch 29:17, ψ 119:7 (?); יִשְׁרֵי ל׳ 2 Ch 29:34; יִשְׁרַת ל׳ 1 K 3:6; ל׳ יָשָׁר 2 K 10:15(×3); תָּם־ל׳ integrity of heart Gn 20:5, 6 (E) 1 K 9:4 ψ 78:72; 101:2; (עִם) ל׳ שָׁלֵם heart perfect (with) 1 K 8:61; 11:4; 15:3, 14 (= 2 Ch 15:17) 2 K 20:3 (= Is 38:3 לֵב?) 1 Ch 12:39; 29:19; 2 Ch 16:9; 19:9; 25:2; בַּר־ל׳ pure in heart ψ 24:4; בָּרֵי ל׳ ψ 73:1. We may add 2 K 22:19 = 2 Ch 34:27, Ne 9:8; Je 32:40. b. it is the seat of naughtiness 1 S 17:28 (?), erring ψ 95:10; is froward ψ 101:4. c. seat of pride, ψ 101:5; Is 9:8; 10:12, 60:5 (?) Ez 28:5, 6(?) Dn 8:25; רָם ל׳ heart is lifted up Dt 8:14; 17:20; Ez 31:10; Dn 11:12. d. is circumcised Dt 10:16; 30:6; Je 4:4, or uncircumcised Lv 26:41 (H); is hardened אמּץ ל׳ Dt 2:30; 15:7; 2 Ch 36:13; כבּד ל׳ 1 S 6:6 (?); הקשׁה ל׳ ψ 95:8. 7. = the man himself (meaning characteristic of נֶפֶשׁ) אמר בל׳ say in the heart (to oneself) Dt 7:17; 8:17; 9:4; 18:21 ψ 4:5 Is 14:3; 47:8; 49:21; Je 5:24; 13:22; Zp 1:12; 2:15; ללבב Ho 7:2 (?); דבר בל׳ ψ 15:2; ברכו בל׳ Jb 1:5; התברך בל׳ Dt 29:18 יְחִי לְבַבְכֶם let your heart (you yourselves) live ψ 22:27; 69:33 (cf. 119:175). 8. spec. as the seat of the appetites (for which usually נֶפֶשׁ) סעד ל׳ stay the heart (with food) ψ 104:15 Ju 19:8 (?); יִיטַב לְבָבֶ֑ךָ that thine heart may be merry (with wine) Ju 19:9 (?); יַיִן יְשַׂמַּח ל׳ wine gladdens the heart ψ 104:15. 9. spec. of seat of the emotions and passions (for which usually נפשׁ): a. of joy Is 30:29; Je 15:16; Ez 36:5, gladness Dt 28:47, desire Pr 6:25 (?); דבּר על ל׳ speak into the heart (comfortably) 2 Ch 32:6 (elsewhere לֵב) b. of trouble 1 K 8:38 ψ 25:17; 73:21; weakness, faintness Lv 26:36 (H) Dt 20:3, 8(×2) 2 Ch 13:7 Is 1:5; 7:4 Je 51:46, grief Dt 15:10; 1 S 1:8, sorrow ψ 13:3, fear Dt 28:67, dismay Is 21:4, astonishment Dt 28:28, anger 19:6, hate Lv 19:17 (H); ימּס ל׳ the heart melteth Dt 20:8 Jos 2:11; 5:1; 7:5 (all D) Is 13:7; 19:1; המס ל׳ Dt 1:28 (so read prob. also Jos 14:8, where לֵב error). 10. seat of courage (for which usually רוּחַ), יָעֵר כֹּחוֹ וּלְבָבוֹ stir up his power and his courage Dn 11:25; יַאֲמֵץ לְבַבְכֶם let your heart take courage ψ 31:25.

† I. חֶ֫סֶד247 n.m. 2 S 16:17 goodness, kindness;—abs. ח׳ Gn 24:12 + 85 times; חָ֑סֶד Gn 39:21 + 12 times; cstr. חֶסֶד 1 S 20:14 + 8 times; sf. חַסְדִּי ψ 59:18 + 120 times sfs.; pl. חֲסָדִים Gn 32:11; cstr. חַסְדֵי Is 55:3 + 5 times (BaerJes p. 79 Ges§ 93, R. 1 F.); sf. חֲסָדַי Ne 13:14 + 10 times sfs.; (not in H or P). I. of man: 1. kindness of men towards men, in doing favours and benefits 1 S 20:15; 2 S 16:17 ψ 141:5 Pr 19:22; 20:6; ח׳ יהוה 1 S 20:14 the kindness of י׳ (such as he shews, Thes MV; that sworn to by oath to Yahweh Mich Dathe; shewn out of reverence to Yahweh Th Ke), cf. ח׳ אלהים 2 S 9:3; תּוֹרַת־ח׳ Pr 31:26 instruction in kindness, kindly instruction עָשָׂה חֶסֶד עִמָּדִי do or shew kindness (in dealing) with me Gn 20:13; 40:14 (E), 1 S 20:14; 2 S 10:2 (עִמִּי in ‖ 1 Ch 19:2); c. עִם Gn 21:23 (E), 24:12, 14; Jos 2:12(×2) Ju 1:24 (J), 8:35; 1 S 15:6; 2 S 2:5; 3:8; 9:1, 3, 7, 10:2a = 1 Ch 19:2a, 1 Ch 19:2b; 2 Ch 24:22; c. עַל 1 S 20:8; c. לְ 1 K 2:7; נשׂא ח׳ לפני obtain kindness before Est 2:9, 17; היטיב ח׳ Ru 3:10. 2. kindness (especially as extended to the lowly, needy and miserable), mercy Pr 20:28; Jb 6:14; אישׁ חסד merciful man Pr 11:17 (opp. אַכְזָרִי); מַלְכֵי ח׳ merciful kings 1 K 20:31; עשׂה ח׳ ψ 109:16; in this sense usually with other attributes (v. also infr. II. 2); ‖ אמת Ho 4:1; Is 16:5; ח׳ ואמת Pr 3:3; 14:22; 16:6; 20:28; עשׂה ח׳ ואמת Gn 24:49; 47:29; Jos 2:14 (J; RV gives these under 1); ‖ צדקה Ho 10:12; צדקה וח׳ Pr 21:21; ‖ משׁפט Mi 6:8; ח׳ ומשׁפט Ho 12:7; ‖ חוֹנֵן ψ 109:12; ח׳ ורחמים Zc 7:9 Dn 1:9.—(On Ho 6:4, 6 v. 3 infr.) 3. (rarely) affection of Isr. to י׳, love to God, piety: ח׳ נְעוּרַיִךְ Je 2:2 piety of thy youth (‖ love of thine espousals to Yahweh); poss. also חַסְדְּכֶם כַּעֲנַן־בֹּקֶר Ho 6:4 your piety is like a morning cloud (fleeting), and כִּי חֶסֶד חָפַצְתִּי וְלאֹ־זָ֑בַח Ho 6:6 for piety I delight in and not in peace-offering (‖ דעת אלהים, cf. 1 S 15:22);—so Wü Now Hi (v 4) Che; Ke Hi (v 6) al. sub 2 (or 1);—אַנְשֵׁי חֶסֶד men of piety Is 57:1 (‖ צַדִּיק); pl. pious acts 2 Ch 32:32; 35:26; Ne 13:14. 4. lovely appearance: כָּל־חַסְדּוֹ כְּצִיץ הַשָּׂדֶה Is 40:6 all its loveliness as the flower of the field (so Thes Hi De Che Di al.; but δόξα 𝔊 1 Pet 1:24 & gloria 𝔙 favour an original reading הוֹדוֹ Lo or כְּבֹדוֹ Ew, see BrMP 375; Du הֲדָרוֹ). II. of God: kindness, lovingkindness in condescending to the needs of his creatures. He is חַסְדָּם their goodness, favour Jon 2:9; חַסְדִּי ψ 144:2; אֱלֹהֵי חַסְדִּי God of my kindness ψ 59:18; in v 11 read אֱלֹהַי חַסְדּוֹ my God with his kindness 𝔖 𝔙 Ew Hup De Pe Che Bae; his is the kindness ψ 62:13; it is with him ψ 130:7; he delights in it Mi 7:18. 1. specif. lovingkindness: a. in redemption from enemies and troubles Gn 19:19; 39:21 (J), Ex 15:13 (song), Je 31:3; Ezr 7:28; 9:9 ψ 21:8; 31:17, 22; 32:10; 33:22; 36:8, 11; 42:9; 44:27; 48:10; 59:17; 66:20; 85:8; 90:14; 94:18; 107:8, 15, 21, 31; 143:8, 12; Jb 37:13; Ru 1:8; 2:20; men should trust in it ψ 13:6; 52:10; rejoice in it ψ 31:8; hope in it ψ 33:18; 147:11. b. in preservation of life from death ψ 6:5; 86:13 Jb 10:12. c. in quickening of spiritual life ψ 109:26; 119:41, 76, 88, 124, 149, 159. d. in redemption from sin ψ 25:7; 51:3. e. in keeping the covenants, with Abraham Mi 7:20; with Moses and Israel שׁמר הַבְּרִית וְ(הַ)חֶסֶד keepeth the covenant and the lovingkindness Dt 7:9, 12; 1 K 8:23 = 2 Ch 6:14, Ne 1:5; 9:32; Dn 9:4; with David and his dynasty 2 S 7:15 = 1 Ch 17:13, 2 S 22:51 = ψ 18:51, 1 K 3:6(×2) = 2 Ch 1:8, ψ 89:29, 34; with the wife Zion Is 54:10. 2. חֶסֶד is grouped with other divine attributes: חסד ואמת kindness (lovingkindness) and fidelity Gn 24:27 (J), ψ 25:10; 40:11, 12; 57:4; 61:8; 85:11; 89:15; 115:1; 138:2; עשׂה ח׳ ואמת עם 2 S 2:6; 15:20 (𝔊, v. Dr); c. אֶת־ Gn 24:49; רַב ח׳ ואמת Ex 34:6 (JE), ψ 86:15; also ‖ אמת Mi 7:20 ψ 26:3; 117:2; ‖ אֱמוּנָה ψ 88:12; 89:3; 92:3; אמונה וח׳ ψ 89:25; ח׳ ואמונה ψ 98:3; ‖ רחמים ψ 77:9; ח׳ ורחמים Je 16:5; Ho 2:21 ψ 103:4; ח׳ ומשׁפט Je 9:23 ψ 101:1; ‖ צדקה ψ 36:11; טוב וח׳ ψ 23:6. 3. the kindness of God is a. abundant: רַב־חֶסֶד abundant, plenteous in kindness (goodness) Nu 14:18 (J), Ne 9:17 (Qr), Jo 2:13; Jon 4:2 ψ 86:5; 103:8 (cf. Ex 34:6 JE; ψ 86:15); רֹב חַסְדְּךָ Ne 13:22 ψ 5:8; 69:14; 106:7 (𝔊 𝔙 Aq 𝔗, to be preferred to MT חֲסָדֶיךָ); רֹב חֲסָדָו֯ La 3:32 ψ 106:45 (Kt 𝔊 in both to be preferred). b. great in extent: גֹּדֶל ח׳ greatness of thy mercy Nu 14:19 (J); גְּדָו֯ל־ח׳ ψ 145:8; it is kept for thousands Ex 34:7 (JE), Je 32:18, especially of those connected with lovers of י׳, Ex 20:6 = Dt 5:10; for 1000 generations Dt 7:9; it is great as the heavens ψ 57:11; 103:11, cf. 36:6; 108:5; the earth is full of it ψ 33:5; 119:64. c. everlasting: לעולם חסדוֹ Je 33:11; 1 Ch 16:34, 41; 2 Ch 5:13; 7:3, 6; 20:21; Ezr 3:11 ψ 100:5; 106:1; 107:1; 118:1, 2, 3, 4, 29; 136:1–26 (26 times); חסדךָ לעולם ψ 138:8; ח׳ מעולם ועד עולם ψ 103:17; ח׳ עולם Is 54:8; ח׳ אל כל היום ψ 52:3. d. good: כִּי־טוֹב חַסְדְּךָ ψ 69:17; 109:21; כי טוב חסדךָ מחיים ψ 63:4. 4. pl. mercies, deeds of kindness, the historic displays of lovingkindness to Israel: shewn to Jacob Gn 32:11 (R); but mostly late Is 63:7 ψ 25:6; 89:2; כְּרֹב חסדיו Is 63:7, see 3 a; promised in the Davidic covenant ψ 89:50; חַסְדֵי דָוִיד mercies to David Is 55:3; 2 Ch 6:42; mercies in general La 3:22 ψ 17:7; 107:43 f.—חֶסֶד in n.pr.m. בן־ח׳ v. sub בֵּן" dir="rtl" >בֵּן. On Lv 20:17; Pr 14:34 v. חֶ֫סֶד²" dir="rtl" >ii. חֶסֶד sub חָסַד²" dir="rtl" >II. חסד.

I. רַע226 I. רַע226 adj. bad, evil (distinction from n., and vb. Pf. 3 ms., is sometimes not easy, and opinions differ);—ms. רַע Gn 6:5 +; רָ֑ע 31:24 +; pl. רָעִים 13:13 +; cstr. רָעֵי Ez 7:24 (del. Co); fs. רָעָה Gn 37:2 + 37 times (this form usually noun), pl. רָעוֹת 28:8 + 14 times; רָעֹת 41:27 (18 times noun);— †1. bad, disagreeable, malignant: of a woman, רָעָה בְּעֵינֵי Ex 21:8 (E; perhaps, with changed accent, vb. 3 fs. רָ֫עָה) disagreeable, unpleasing in the eyes of, pl. Gn 28:8 (P); of poisionous herb 2 K 4:41, malignant boils Dt 28:35; Jb 2:7, diseases Dt 7:15; 28:59; 2 Ch 21:19 Ec 6:2, deadly sword ψ 144:10, arrows Ez 5:16, severe judgments 14:21, wonders Dt 6:22; מַלְאֲכֵי רָעִים ψ 78:49 = fierce messengers (of God; Ew§ 287 a Ges§ 130 e), wild beasts Gn 37:20, 33 (JE) Lv 26:6 (H) Ez 5:17; 14:15, 21; 34:25; unclean thing Dt 23:10. †2. bad, unpleasant, giving pain, unhappiness, misery: ימים רעים evil days (of trial and hardship) Gn 47:9 (P) Pr 15:15; עִנְיָן רע Ec 1:13; 5:13; עִנְיַן 4:8, cf. 2:17; 9:3; הַמַּעֲשֶׂה הָרָע 4:3; הדבר הרע evil report Ex 33:4 (J), so דִּבָּה רָעָה Gn 37:2 (JE) Nu 14:37 (P), שׁם רע Dt 22:14, 19; Ne 6:13, שְׁמוּעָה רָעָה Je 49:23 ψ 112:7; of things: painful discipline Pr 15:10, evil occurrence 1 K 5:18, evil(-bringing) net Ec 9:12, instruments Is 32:7: כל הדבר הרע Jos 23:15 (D) all evil (injurious) things; רַע it is bad, harmful Is 3:11; Je 2:19; of speech, דבּר, רע או טוב Gn 24:50 (J) in prov., speak bad or good = anything at all, טטוב עד רע 31:24, 29 (E), לְמֵרָע ועד טוב 2 S 13:22, of the divine spirit as producing an ecstatic state of frenzy and violence 1 S 16:14, 15, 16, 23; 18:10; 19:9 (see רוּחַ 9). †3. evil, displeasing עָשָׂה רָ֔ע בְּעֵינֵי סַרְנֵי פְלִשְׁתִּים 1 S 29:7. †4. bad of its kind, land Nu 13:19 (J), place 20:5 (JE), waters 2 K 2:19, figs Je 24:2, 3(×2), 8, kine Gn 41:3, 4, 19, 20, 21, 27 (E), מוּם רע Dt 15:21, cf. 17:1. †5. bad, i. e. of low value Lv 27:10(×2), 12, 14, 33 (H), cf. Mal 1:8(×2); רַע רַע יֹאמַר הַקּוֹנֶה Pr 20:14(×2). †6. + מִן comp., worse than, 2 S 19:8; as superl., רָעֵי גוֹיִם Ez 7:24 worst of nations (del. Co). †7. sad, unhappy: לֶב־רָ֑ע sad heart (cf. opp. טוב, יטב) Pr 25:20; of face Gn 40:7 (E) Ne 2:2; רע לְפָנָין v 1. †8. הָשַׁב מַחֲשֶׁבֶת(ה)רָעָה devise evil (hurtful) device Ez 38:10; Est 9:25. †9. bad, unkind, vicious in disposition or temper: וְלֵב־רָ֑ע when the mind is vicious, harmful Pr 26:23; רַע עָ֑יִן one evil of eye Pr 23:6; 28:22; רוּחַ רָעָה Ju 9:23 bad temper. 10. ethically bad, evil, wicked: †a. in gen., אם טוב ואם רע Ec 12:14 whether good or bad. †b. of persons, אישׁ רע 1 S 30:22; אדם רע ψ 140:2; המן הרע הזה Est 7:6 this wicked Haman, so רָ֑ע = evil man ψ 10:15, Jb 21:30; Pr 11:21; 12:13; 24:20, רָעִים = evil men Gn 13:13 (J) Je 6:29; 15:21; Ez 30:12 Jb 35:12; Pr 4:14; 12:12; 14:19; 15:3; רָעוֹת evil women Je 2:33; שׁכנים רעים 12:14 evil neighbours; of הַדּוֹר Dt 1:35, הָעָם Je 13:10; הָעֵדָה Nu 14:27, 35 (P), המשׁפחה Je 8:3; רַע כְּעֵינֵי י׳ wicked in the eyes of י׳ Gn 38:7 (JE) = 1 Ch 2:3; עָשָׂה הָרָע בְּעֵינֵי י׳ Nu 32:13 (R) Dt 4:25; 9:18; 17:2; 31:29; Ju 2:11 + 48 times, + (c. sf. of God) 2 K 21:15 Is 65:12; 66:4; Je 7:30; 32:30 ψ 51:6; 2 S 12:9, prob. also Je 18:10 (read הָרָע for הָרָעָה). c. of thoughts, יֵצֶר Gn 6:5; 8:21 (J), הַלֵּב הָרָע Je 3:17; 7:24; 11:8; 16:12; 18:12; words, רעות Pr 15:28. d. deeds, actions, עשׂה (כ)דבר הרע Dt 13:12; 17:5; 19:20; Ne 13:17; עשׂה הרעות Je 3:5; דבר רע ψ 64:6; 141:4 Ec 8:3, 5; דברים 1 S 2:23; 2 K 17:11; דֶּרֶךְ 1 K 13:33; Je 18:11; 23:22 + 11 times; דרכים 2 K 17:13; 2 Ch 7:14; Ez 20:44; 33:11; 36:31; Zc 1:4; מעשׂינוּ Ezr 9:13; מעללים Zc 1:4 Ne 9:35 (cf. רֹעַ 4); בֶּצַע רע Hb 2:9; מרוצתם Je 23:10; (ה)תועבות (ה)רעות Ez 6:11; 8:9 (del. Co); כִּי רָעוֹת בִּמְגוּרָם ψ 55:16 for evil deeds are in their dwelling.

† חָטָא238 vb. miss (a goal or way), go wrong, sin (NH id.; Aramaic חֲטָא, ܚܛܳܐ; Assyrian ḫaṭû, ZimBP 46; Sab. חֿטא, החֿטא, id., DHM in MV; Arabic خَطِىَٔ do wrong, commit a mistake or an error; ii. make to miss the mark; iv. miss the mark, miss the way; Ethiopic ኀጥአ fail to find or have; sometimes sin, especially in deriv.)— Qal Pf. ח׳ Ex 32:31 + 29 times, 3 fs. חָֽטְאָה Lv 5:15 La 1:8, חָטָ֑אָה Je 50:14 Ez 16:15, חָטָאת Ex 5:16, etc., + 82 times Pf.; Impf. יֶחֱטָא Lv 4:3 + 12 times, תֶּחֱטָ֫אוּ Ex 20:20 ψ 4:5, etc. + 20 times Impf.; Inf. חֲטֹא Ez 3:21 + 8 times, מֵחֲטוֹא ψ 39:2, מֵחֲטוֹ (textual error for מחטא) Gn 20:6, בְּחֶטְאָה Nu 15:28, חֲטֹאתוֹ Ez 33:12 (del. Co); Pt. חוֹטֵא Pr 13:22 + 6 times, חֹטֵא Is 1:4 Ec 9:2, חוֹטֶא Is 65:20 + 2 times, חֹטֶא Ec 8:12, sf. חֹטְאִי Pr 8:36, pl. חֹטִ֯אֿים 1 S 14:33, sf. חֹטֵאת Ez 18:4, 20;— 1. miss: לא תחטא thou shalt not miss anything Jb 5:24, אָץ בְּרַגְלַיִם חוֹטֵא Pr 19:2 one hastening with his feet misseth (the way or the goal); חֹטְאִי חֹמֵס נַפְשׁוֹ Pr 8:36 the one missing me (Wisdom) is one wronging himself (opp. מֹצְאִי); miss, i.e. endanger, one’s life Pr 20:2 Hb 2:10 according to De VB (others sub 3 q.v.) 2. sin, miss the goal or path of right and duty: a. against man, abs. Ex 5:16 (E), 1 S 26:21 2 S 19:21 1 K 18:9 2 K 18:14; with לְ of the person against whom or towards whom one sins, Gn 40:1 (E), Ju 11:27 1 S 2:25; 19:4; 24:12, 1 K 8:31 = 2 Ch 6:22; מה חטאתי לך wherein have I sinned against thee? Gn 20:9 (E) Je 37:18; with בְּ, אל תחטאו בילד Gn 42:22 (E) do not sin against the lad, against David 1 S 19:4, 5. b. elsewhere always against God, abs. Ex 20:20 (E), 9:34 (J) Jos 7:11 (D) Lv 4:3; 5:1, 11, 17, 21, 23 Nu 16:22 (P), Ne 6:13 Jb 1:5, 22; 7:20; 10:14; 24:19; 35:6 ψ 4:5; 78:32 Is 43:27; 64:4 Je 2:35 La 5:7 Ez 3:21(×2); 16:51; 28:16; 33:12 Ho 8:11 (del. We Kl. Proph.), v 11 10:9; 13:2; לא נתתי לחטא חכי I have not permitted my palate to sin Jb 31:30; Pt. חֹטֵא, used as adj., sinful nation Is 1:4, sinful person Ez 18:4, 20; but usually as noun, sinner Pr 11:31; 13:22; 14:21 Ec 2:26; 7:26; 8:12; 9:2, 18 Is 65:20. Sin is confessed: חָטָאנוּ we have sinned Nu 14:40; 21:7 (E) Ju 10:15 1 S 12:10, 1 K 8:47 = 2 Ch 6:37, Ne 1:6 ψ 106:6 La 5:16 Dn 9:5, 15; חטאתי I have sinned Ex 9:27 Nu 22:34 (J) 1 S 15:24, 30 2 S 24:10, 17 1 Ch 21:8, 17 Jb 33:27. Sin is universal: אין אדם אשׁר לא יחטא there is no man who sinneth not 1 K 8:46 = 2 Ch 6:36, כי אדם אין צדיק בארץ אשׁר יעשׂה טוב ולא יחטא Ec 7:20 for man there is none righteous in the earth who doeth good and sinneth not; with לְ, against God Gn 20:6 (E), 39:9 (J), Ex 32:33 Nu 32:33 (both JE), Dt 9:16; 20:18 1 S 2:25; 12:23; 14:33, 34, 1 K 8:33, 35, 46, 50 = 2 Ch 6:24, 26, 36, 39, 2 K 17:7 Ho 4:7 Mi 7:9 Zp 1:17 Je 40:3; 44:23; 50:7, 14 Ez 14:13 Is 42:24 Jb 8:4 ψ 78:17; 119:11 Ne 1:6; in confession חטאתי ל Ex 10:16 Jos 7:20 (J), 2 S 12:13 ψ 41:5; 51:6; חטאנו ל Dt 1:41 Ju 10:10 1 S 7:6 Je 3:25; 8:14; 14:7, 20 Dn 9:8, 11; with בְּ of instr., lips Jb 2:10, tongue ψ 39:2; wherein Ez 37:23 Lv 4:23 (P), therein Lv 5:22 (P); ellipsis of בְּ in phrase עונם אשׁר ח׳ לי (their) iniquity wherein they sinned against me Je 33:8(×2); בשׁגגה by error, unwittingly Lv 4:2, 22, 27; 5:15 Nu 15:27, 28 (all P); against thy judgments Ne 9:29; with עַל, with regard to Lv 5:5 Nu 6:11 (P) Ne 13:26; with cognate acc. ח׳ חֲטָאָה Ex 32:30, 31 (JE); חַטָּאת אשׁר ח׳ Nu 12:11 (J) Lv 4:3, 28(×2), 35; 5:6, 10, 13 (all P) 19:22(×2) (H), Dt 9:18 1 K 14:16, 22; 15:30; 16:13, 19 2 K 21:17 Ez 18:24; 33:16; חטאת אשׁר ח׳ ל Je 16:10 Ne 1:6; חטאת אשׁר ח׳ על Lv 4:14 (P); חֵטְא ח׳ La 1:8; חֵטְא אשׁר ח׳ Dt 19:15. 3. incur guilt, penalty by sin, forfeit: וחטאתי לך כל הימים Gn 43:9 I shall incur the blame of sinning against thee all my days, cf. 44:32 (J); c. acc. חוֹטֵא נפשׁ for feiting one-self, one’s life Pr 20:2 Hb 2:10 according to most, yet v. sub 1.—והביא אשׁמו אשׁר ח׳ Lv 5:7, he shall bring his trespass-offering which he has incurred by sin; קרבנו אשׁר ח׳ Lv 5:11; את אשׁר ח׳ מן־הקדשׁ ישׁלּם v 16 what he hath incurred by taking of the holy thing he shall pay. Pi. Pf. חִטֵּא Lv 14:52; sf. חִטְּאוֹ Nu 19:19, חִטֵּאתָ Ex 29:36 + 2 times; 3 pl. חִטְּאוּ Ez 43:22(×2); Impf. וַיְחַטֵּא Lv 8:15; sf. וַיְחַטְּאֵהוּ Lv 9:15, תְּחַטְּאֵנִי ψ 51:9, אֲחַטֶּנָּה Gn 31:39, וַיְחַטְּאוּ 2 Ch 29:24; Inf. חַטֵּא Lv 14:49 Ez 43:23; Pt. הַמְחַטֵּא Lv 6:19;— 1. bear loss: אָנֹכִי אֲחַטֶּנָּה I bare the loss of it Gn 31:39 (E; lit. I counted it missing? poss. read אֲחֻטּנה I was made to miss it?). 2. make a sin-offering: c. sf. referring to שׂעיר Lv 9:15 (P); to sin-offering Lv 6:19 (P); על המזבח upon the altar Ex 29:36 (P; not cleanse the altar RV); ח׳ את דמם המזבחה 2 Ch 29:24 made a sin-offering with their blood on the altar. 3. purify from sin: the altar, by putting the blood of the sin-offering on its horns, Lv 8:15 (P), Ez 43:20, 22(×2), 23; the sanctuary, by applying to it the blood of the sin-offering Ez 45:18. 4. purify from uncleanness: the house of the leper by application of the mixture of living water and blood of the bird Lv 14:49, 52 (P); a person, by application of the mixture of living water and ashes of the red heifer Nu 19:19 (P), by sprinkling with a hyssop sprig ψ 51:9. Hiph. Pf. הֶחֱטִיא 1 K 14:16 + 17 times, הֶחֶטִי֯ (Kt error for החטִיא) 2 K 13:6; sf. הֶחֱטִיאָם 2 K 17:21; pl. הֶחֱטִיאוּ 1 K 16:13 Ne 13:26; Impf. יַחֲטִא Ju 20:16 2 K 21:11; תַּחֲטִיא Dt 24:4; וַתַּחֲטִא 1 K 16:2; 21:22; pl. יַחֲטִיאוּ Ex 23:33; Inf. הַחֲטִיא Ec 5:5 1 K 16:19 Je 32:35 (Qr), הַחֲ֯טִי Je 32:35 (Kt error); Pt. pl. cstr. מַחֲטִיאֵי Is 29:21;— 1. miss the mark: קֹלֵעַ בָּאֶבֶן אֶל־הַשַּׂעְרָה וְלֹא יַחֲטִא Ju 20:16 slinging with stones at an hair and would not miss. 2. induce or cause to sin: with acc. Ex 23:33 (JE), Ne 13:26; elsewhere in the phrase החטיא את ישׂראל (he) caused Israel to sin 1 K 14:16; 15:26, 30, 34; 16:2, 13, 19, 26; 21:22; 22:53; 2 K 3:3; 10:29, 31; 13:2, 6, 11; 14:24; 15:9, 18, 24, 28; 23:15; c. sf. ref. to Isr. 2 K 17:21; את יהודה 2 K 21:11, 16 Je 32:35 (sometimes c. 2nd acc.—חטאת, or אשׁר ref. to חטאת:—1 K 15:26, 34; 16:26 2 K 17:21; 21:16; prob. also 1 K 14:16; 15:30; 16:13; no 2nd acc. 1 K 16:2, 19; 21:22; 22:53 2 K 21:11; 23:15 Je 32:35; the rest are ambiguous). 3. bring into guilt, condemnation, punishment: מחטיאי אדם Is 29:21 who bring a man into condemnation; לא תחטיא את הארץ Dt 24:4 thou shalt not bring the land into guilt; אל תתן את־פיך לחטיא את־בשׂרך Ec 5:5 do not permit thy mouth to bring thy flesh into punishment. Hithp. Impf. יִתְחַטָּא Nu 19:12 + 4 times, יִתְחַטְּאוּ Nu 8:21, יִתְחַטָּ֑אוּ Jb 41:17, תִּתְחַטְּאוּ Nu 31:19, תִּתְחַטָּ֑אוּ Nu 31:20;— 1. miss oneself, lose oneself, fig. for be bewildered, beside oneself, מִשְּׁבָרִים יִתְחַטָּאוּ Jb 41:17 by reason of consternation they are beside themselves (‖ יגורו are afraid). 2. purify oneself from uncleanness, only in P: a. Levites Nu 8:21. b. those in contact with the dead Nu 19:12, 13, 20; 31:19, 20; with בְּ, בְּמֵי נִדָּה Nu 31:23; by a mixture of ashes of the red heifer with fresh water Nu 19:12.

† עָוֹן n.m. Is 22:14 iniquity, guilt or punishment of iniquity;—ע׳ abs. Ex 28:43 +; עָווֹן 2 K 7:9 ψ 51:7; cstr. עֲוֹן Gn 15:16 +; עֲווֹן 1 Ch 21:8; sf. עֲוֹנִי Gn 4:13 + (2 S 16:12 read בְּעָנְיִי), עֲוֹנְךָ Ho 9:7 +; עֲוֹנֵ֑כִי ψ 103:3; עֲוֹ֔נָהֿ Nu 15:31 (Ges§ 91 e), etc.; pl. עֲוֹנוֹת abs. ψ 130:3 +, cstr. Jb 13:26 +; עְוֹנֹת abs. ψ 65:4, cstr. Lv 16:21 +; sf. עֲוֹנֹתֶיךָ Is 43:24, עֲוֹנֹתֵיכֶם Nu 14:34 +, etc.; also עֲוֹנֶיךָ Ez 28:18; עֲוֹנֵינוּ Is 64:6 +, etc. (SS doubt all these);— 1. iniquity, Jb 15:5; 20:27 Je 11:10; 14:7; 16:17 La 2:14 Ez 4:5; 7:13; ‖ חטאת 1 S 20:1 Jb 13:23 Is 5:18; 43:24; 59:2 Je 5:25; 16:10 La 4:6, 13 Dn 9:16 Ho 4:8; 13:12; ‖ פשׁע Jb 14:17; 31:33 ψ 107:17 Is 50:1; 53:5; ‖ אשׁמה Ezr 9:6, 7, 13; רעה Jb 22:5 Ho 7:1. a. ע׳ נְעוּרַי Jb 13:26 iniquities of my youth; ע׳ חֶרֶב 19:29 iniquities calling for the sword; ע׳ פְּלִילִי(ם) 31:11, 28 iniquity for (to be punished by) judges; שְׁתֵּי עֲוֹנֹתָם Ho 10:10 (so read Vrss Hi al.); כשׁל בע׳ stumble by iniquity Ho 5:5; 14:2; cf. מִבְשׁוֹל ע׳ Ez 7:19; 14:3, 4, 7; 18:30; 44:12; לכל־עון Dt 19:15; אשׁתמרה מע׳ 2 S 22:24 = ψ 18:24; עָוֹן אֲשֶׁר־חֵטְא Ho 12:9. b. iniquity as recognized, ידע ע׳ 1 S 3:13; Is 59:12; Je 3:13; 14:20; confessed, התודה ע׳ Lv 16:21; 26:40(×2) (P), Ne 9:2; הגיד ע׳ ψ 38:19; לא כסה ע׳ 32:5; brought to remembrance, הזכיר ע׳ Nu 5:15 (P) 1 K 17:18; Ez 21:28, 29; 29:16; causing shame, יִכָּֽלְמוּ מע׳ Ez 43:10; turned from, שׁוּב מע׳ Dn 9:13, cf. השׁיב מע׳ Mal 2:6. c. (i) phrases of punishment: פקד ע׳ על Ex 20:5 = Dt 5:9; Ex 34:7; Nu 14:18; (J), Lv 18:25 (H) 2 S 3:8; Is 13:11; 26:21; Je 25:12; 36:31; Am 3:2; without על, La 4:22, פקד ע׳ ב ψ 89:33; Jb 11:6 v. נָשָׁא²" dir="rtl" >II. [נָשָׁא²" dir="rtl" >נשׁא]; יסּר על ע׳ ψ 39:12 chastise for iniquity; שַׁתָּ֯ ע׳לנגדךָ 90:8 set our iniquities before thee; גמל כע׳ 103:10; שׁמר ע׳ 130:3; שׁלּם ע׳ Is 65:7(×2); Je 16:18; 32:18; מַטְבֵּחַ בע׳ Is 14:21; (2) of forgiveness or removal: העביר ע׳ 2 S 24:10 = 1 Ch 21:8; Jb 7:21 Zc 3:4; משׁתי ע׳ 3:9; סלח לע׳ Ex 34:9 Nu 14:19 (J), ψ 25:11; 103:3; Je 31:34; 33:8; 36:3; נשׂא ע׳ Ex 34:7; Nu 14:18 (J), ψ 32:5; 85:3; Is 33:24; Ho 14:3; Mi 7:18; סר ע׳ Is 6:7; יכבושׁ ע׳ Mi 7:19; (3) of covering over, כסה על ע׳ Ne 3:37; כפּר ע׳ ψ 78:38; Pr 16:6; Is 22:14; 27:9; Dn 9:24; כפּר על ע׳ Je 18:23; יתכפּר ע׳ 1 S 3:14; (4) of cleansing from: כבּס מע׳ ψ 51:4; מחה ע׳ v 11; טהר מע׳ Je 33:8; Ez 36:33; (5) of imputing, reckoning to one: חשׁב ע׳ ל 2 S 19:20 ψ 32:2; (ל) זכר ע׳ 79:8; Is 64:8; Je 14:10; Ho 8:13; 9:9; יִזָּכֵר ע׳ ψ 109:14; בקשׁ (ל)ע׳ Jb 10:6; Je 50:20; (6) פדה מע׳ ψ 130:8 ransom from iniquity. 2. Guilt of iniquity (not always easy to disting. from 1; SS give more, Buhl fewer, sub 2);—‖ תועבות Ez 36:31; ‖ דם Is 59:3; ‖ חמם Ez 9:9; ע׳ פעור Jos 22:17 (P); ע׳ סדם Ez 16:49; ע׳ בצעוֹ Is 57:17; שְׁנֵי עונם Ez 4:4; נִכְתָּם עֲוֹנֵךְ לְפָנַי Je 2:22 the guilt of thine iniquity is marked before me; מצא ע׳ Gn 44:16 (E) ψ 36:3. a. ע׳ בְ: guilt of iniquity upon one Nu 15:31 (P) 1 S 20:8; 2 S 14:32; לא ע׳ לִי Jb 33:9 (‖ זַךְ); בלי־עון ψ 59:5 without my guilt. b. guilt, as great, increased: רֹב עָוֹן Je 13:22; 30:14, 15; Ez 28:18; Ho 9:7; לֹא־שָׁ��ֵם ע׳ Gn 15:16 (J); ע׳ עָֽבְרוּ רֹאשִׁי ψ 38:5; ע׳ עֲקֵבַי יְסוּבֵּנִי 49:6; ע׳ הִשִּׂיגוּנִי 40:13; ע׳ גברו מני 65:4; עַם כֶּבֶד ע׳ Is 1:4; בע׳ נלקח Ez 33:6. c. as a condition, בע׳: d. חוללתי was I brought forth ψ 51:7; e. גָּוַע expire Jos 22:20 (P); c. מות die Je 31:30; Ez 3:18, 19; 18:17, 18; 33:8, 9. 3. Consequence of, or punishment for, iniquity (SS include most of these under 2, and do not recognize 3; Buhl thinks this meaning rare, giving only Gn 4:13; Is 5:18);—אִם יִקְּ֯רֵךְ ע׳ בדבר הזה 1 S 28:10 no punishment shall happen unto thee for, etc.; נשׂא ע׳ bear the punishment for iniquity of others Ex 28:38; Lv 10:17 (take away ע׳ Di Nowii. 233 n.) 16:22; Nu 30:16 (P), Ez 4:4, 5, 6; בע׳ 18:19, 20(×2); one’s own, Ex 28:43 Lv 5:1, 17; 7:18; 17:16; 19:8; 20:17, 19; 22:16; Nu 5:31; 14:34; 18:1(×2), 23 (P), Ez 14:10; 44:10, 12; גדול ע׳מנשׂוא Gn 4:13 (J) my punishment is greater than I can bear; נִרְצָה עֲוֹנָהּ Is 40:2 her punishment is accepted, cf. רצה ע׳ Lv 26:41, 43 (H); ומצאנוּ ע׳ 2 K 7:9 punishment will overtake us; תנה ע׳ על ע׳ ψ 69:28 add punishment to their punishment; ע׳ הוא יסבל Is 53:11 the consequences of their iniquities he shall bear, cf. ע׳ סָבָ֑לְנוּ La 5:7; הפגיע בו ע׳ Is 53:6; נִקָּה מע׳ freed from punishment Nu 5:31 (P) Jb 10:14; בי אני העון 1 S 25:24 on me the punishment; עלי הע׳ 2 S 14:9; בע׳ c. various vbs.: Gn 19:15 (J) Lv 26:39(×2) (H) ψ 31:11; 106:43; Je 51:6; Ez 4:17; 7:16; 24:23; 39:23; עת ע׳ קץ 21:30, 34; 35:5; see also: Pr 5:22 (‖ חַבְלֵי חטאת), Is 30:13; 64:5, 6; La 4:22; Ez 4:4; 14:10(×2); 32:27.

צַדִּיק206 adj. just, righteous;—abs. צ׳ Gn 6:9 +; pl. צַדִּיקִים Ex 23:8 +, etc.;— 1. just, righteous, in government: a. of Davidic king 2 S 23:3; צֶמַח Je 23:5; Zc 9:9 (‖ victorious). b. of judges, Ez 23:45; Pr 29:2 (v. Toy; Kau questions this meaning in all these). c. of law, מִשְׁפָּטִים צ׳ Dt 4:8. d. of God Dt 32:4 ψ 119:137; 129:4; Jb 34:17, opp. Pharaoh Ex 9:27 (J); in discrimination Je 12:1; Zp 3:5 ψ 7:10, 12; 11:7; condemnation 2 Ch 12:6; Dn 9:14 La 1:18; Ezr 9:15; Ne 9:33; redemption Is 45:21 ψ 116:5; keeping promises Ne 9:8; in all his ways ψ 145:17. 2. just in one’s cause, right: Ex 23:7, 8 (E) Dt 16:19; 25:1; 1 K 8:32 = 2 Ch 6:23, Is 5:23; 29:21; Jb 32:1; 36:7; Pr 17:15, 26; 18:5, 17; 24:24; Am 2:6; 5:12; Hb 1:4, 13; right in law, not under penalty 2 S 4:11; 1 K 2:32; innocent of specif. offence 2 K 10:9; c. מְן comp. 1 S 24:18. 3. just, righteous, in conduct and character: a. towards God Gn 7:1; 18:23, 24(×2), 25(×2), 26, 28 (J) 20:4 (E), Hb 2:4; Mal 3:18. b. in gen., ethically: ψ 5:13; 7:10; 11:3, 5 + 21 times ψψ (+ infr.), Pr 2:20; 3:33; 4:18; 9:9 + 56 times Pr, Ec 3:17 + 7 times Ec, Is 3:10; 57:1(×2); Je 20:12; La 4:13 Ez 3:20, 21(×2) + 12 times Ez, Ho 14:10; ‖ תמים Gn 6:9 (P) Jb 12:4; ‖ נָקִי Jb 17:9; 22:19; 27:17 ψ 94:21; ‖ יִשְׁרֵי לֵב ψ 32:11; 64:11; 97:11. 4. righteous, as justified and vindicated by י׳, especially servant of י׳ Is 53:11, so his people, usually pl. Is 60:21 ψ 33:1 + 8 times ψψ (v. also supr.); אָהֳלֵי צ׳ 118:15 tents of the righteous; גּוֹרַל צ׳ 125:3; עֲדַת צ׳ 1:5; דֶּרֶךְ צ׳ v 6; sg. coll. 34:20, 22; 75:11; Is 24:16; 26:7(×2); גּוֹי צַדִּיק v 2 (‖ שֹׁמֵר אֱמֻנִים). 5. right, correct, Is 41:26 (cf. אֱמֶת 43:9); lawful שְׁבִי צ׳ 49:24 EV; but read עָרִיץ.

ἁμαρτ-ία, ἡ, a failure, fault, τῶνδ᾽ ἁ. δόμωνRefs 5th c.BC+; ἁ. δόξης error of judgement, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 in Philos. and Religion, guilt, sin, NT+5th c.BC+

צְדָקָה157 n.f. righteousness;—abs. צ׳ Gn 15:6 + 81 times; cstr. צִדְקַת Dt 33:21 + 5 times; sf. צִדְקָתִי Gn 30:33 +, etc.; pl. צְדָקוֹת Is 33:15 + 3 times; cstr. צִדְקוֹת Ju 5:11 +; sf. צִדְקֹתֶיךָ Dn 9:16, etc.;— 1. righteousness, in government: a. of judge, ruler, king: ‖ משׁפט Is 5:7; 9:6; Am 5:7; 6:12; משׁפט וצ׳ 2 S 8:15, עשׂה D. executed justice and righteousness = 1 Ch 18:14, cf. 1 K 10:9 = 2 Ch 9:8, Je 22:3, 15; 33:15 Ez 45:9; בּצ׳ יִכּוֹן כִּסֵּא Pr 16:12, cf. Is 54:14; עֲבֹדַת הצ׳, מַעֲשֵׂה הצ׳ Is 32:17, cf. v 16; נֹגְשַׂיִךְ צ׳ Is 60:17. b. of law, ‖ משׁפטים, צִדְקַת י׳ Dt 33:21. c. of Davidic king, Messiah, ‖ משׁפט, ψ 72:1, 3; Is 9:6; Je 23:5; 33:15. 2. God’s attribute as sovereign ψ 36:7; 71:19; in government, עשׂה משׁפט וצ׳ 99:4; Je 9:23; administering justice Jb 37:23; punishment Is 1:27; 5:16; 10:22; 28:17; Dn 9:7; vindication of his people Mi 7:9. 3. righteousness, in a case or cause, בצדקתי החזקתי Jb 27:6 on my righteousness I hold fast; מה ישׁ לי עוד צ׳ 2 S 19:29 what right have I yet? (cf. Ne 2:20); of God, הגיד צ׳ Is 57:12 (iron.); השׁיב צ׳ 1 S 26:23; Jb 33:26; כּצ׳, השׁיב 2 S 22:25, גמל v 21, נתן 1 K 8:32 = 2 Ch 6:23. 4. righteousness = truthfulness, באמת ובצ׳ Is 48:1; Zc 8:8; in word Is 45:23; 63:1, oath Je 4:2. 5. righteousness, as ethically right: Gn 30:33 (J) Dt 6:25; Is 33:5; 48:18; Ez 14:14, 20; Pr 10:2; 11:4, 5, 18, 19 + 17 times, + צִדְקַת (ה)צַדִּיק(ים) Is 5:23; Ez 18:20; 33:12; צ׳ ישׁרים Pr 11:6; אֹרַח צ׳ 8:20; 12:28; דֶּרֶךְ צ׳ 16:31; עשׂה צ׳ do righteousness ψ 106:3; Is 56:1; 58:2; Ez 18:22; עשׂה משׁפט וצ׳ Ez 18:5 + 6 times Ez; עשׂה צ׳ ומשׁפט Gn 18:19 (J) Pr 21:3; רדף צ׳ Pr 15:9; 21:21; הלך באמת ובצ׳ 1 K 3:6; חשׁב לוֹ (ל)צ׳ Gn 15:6 (JE) imputed to him (for) righteousness, ψ 106:31; צ׳ וָחֶסֶד Pr 21:21(×2) (del. 𝔊 AB Toy). 6. righteousness as vindicated, justification, salvation, etc. (cf. צֶדֶק 6): a. of God, ‖ יֶשַׁע, תְּשׁוּעָה, יְשׁוּעָה Is 45:8; 46:13; 51:6 + 7 times Is 2; ‖ בְּרָכָה ψ 24:6; ‖ נַחֲלָה Is 54:17; ‖ חֶסֶד ψ 36:11; 103:17; שֶׁמֶשׁ צ׳ Mal 3:20 sun of righteousness (with healing); בִּצ׳, י׳ delivers, guides, exalts his people ψ 5:9; 31:2; 71:2; 89:17; 119:40; 143:1, 11; אַל־יָבֹאוּ בְּצִדְקָתֶ֑ךָ 69:28 (of wicked); as acc. after verbs of declaring, etc., his saving (delivering) righteousness 22:32; 40:11; 51:16; 71:15, 16, 24; 98:2; 145:7; also יִוָּדַע צ׳ 88:13; צ׳ עֹמֶדֶת לָעַד his righteousness endureth for ever 111:3 cf. 119:142. b. of people, = prosperity, ‖ הון, עשׁר Pr 8:18; מוֹרֶה לצ׳ early rain for prosperity Jo 2:23. 7. pl. righteous acts: a. of God Ju 5:11(×2); 1 S 12:7; Mi 6:5; vindication of right ψ 103:6; redemptive Is 45:24; Dn 9:16. b. of man’s moral conduct Is 64:5; Je 51:10, also prob. Ez 3:20; 18:24; 33:13 (Kt sg.) ψ 11:7 (? gloss), Dn 9:18; as adv. acc., הֹלֵךְ צְדָקוֹת Is 33:15.

χάρις [ᾰ], ἡ, genitive χάρῐτος: accusative χάριν [ῑ in arsi, Refs 8th c.BC+, etc.; also χάριτα Refs 5th c.BC+; dative χάρισι, χαρίτεσσι, Refs 8th c.BC+: (χαίρω):—grace: __I in objective sense, outward grace or fauour, beauty, properly of persons or their portraits, θεσπεσίην δ᾽ ἄρα τῷ γε χάριν κατεχεύατ᾽ Ἀθήνη Refs 8th c.BC+: plural, graces, κάλλεϊ καὶ χάρισι στίλβων Refs 8th c.BC+gracefully, Refs 5th c.BC+ of ear-rings, Refs 8th c.BC+; of works, ἔργοισι χάριν καὶ κῦδος ὀπάζει Refs 8th c.BC+; of words, οὔ οἱ χ. ἀμφιπεριστέφεται ἐπέεσσιν Refs; πλείστη δὲ χ. κατὰ μέτρον ἰούσης [γλώσσης] Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.2 glory, Φερενίκου χ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __II in subjective sense, grace or favour felt, whether on the part of the doer or the receiver (both senses appear in such phrases as ὅτ᾽.. ἡ χάρις χάριν φέροι Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.1 on the part of the doer, grace, kindness, goodwill, τινος for or towards one, Refs 8th c.BC+; οὐ χάριτι τῇ ἐμῇ not for any kind feeling towards me, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἦ μεγάλα χ. δώρῳ σύν ὀλίγῳ LXX+3rd c.BC+; partiality, favour, μήτε ἔλεον μήτε συγγνώμην μήτε χ. μηδεμίαν περὶ πλείονος ποιήσασθαι τῶν νόμων Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 more frequently on the part of the receiver, sense of favour received, thankfulness, gratitude, χάριν καὶ κῦδος ἄροιο Refs 8th c.BC+; τινος for a thing, οὐδέ τίς ἐστι χάρις μετόπισθ᾽ εὐεργέων Refs 8th c.BC+infinitive, οὐκ ἄρα τις χάρις ἦεν μάρνασθαι one has, it seems, no thanks for fighting, Refs 8th c.BC+; χάριν εἰδέναι τινί to acknowledge a sense of favour, feel grateful, once in Refs 8th c.BC+; τούτων for a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+: with participle, χ. ἔχειν σωθέντες Refs 5th c.BC+; also χάριτας ἔχων πατρός owing him a debt of gratitude, Refs 5th c.BC+; what thanks will she have for.. ? Refs 5th c.BC+; χ. ὀφείλειν to owe gratitude, be beholden, τοῖς θεοῖς Refs 5th c.BC+; χάριν ἀθάνατον καταθέσθαι to lay up a store of undying gratitude, Refs 5th c.BC+; χάριν λαβεῖν τινος receive thanks from one, Refs 5th c.BC+; τινος for a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῖς θεοῖς χάρις (i.e. ἐστί) ὅτι.., thank the gods that.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 favour, influence, opposed to force, χάριτι τὸ πλέον ἢ φόβῳ Refs 5th c.BC+; χ. καὶ δεήσει, opposed to ἀπειλῇ, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.4 love-charm, philtre, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III in concrete sense, a favour done or returned, boon, χάριν φέρειν τινί confer a favour on one, do a thing to oblige him, Refs 8th c.BC+ (so in middle, of the recipient,Refs 5th c.BC+; χάριν θέσθαι or τίθεσθαί τινι, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀνύσαι probably in Refs 5th c.BC+, indulge, humour, ὀργῇRefs 5th c.BC+ return a favour, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to χάριν ἀπαιτεῖν to ask the repayment of a boon, Refs 5th c.BC+; χ. ἀποστερεῖν withhold a return for what one has received, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰς αὑτοῦ εἰς τοὺς φίλους χ. the favours one has done them, Refs; χ. ἄχαρις α thankless favour, one which receives, or deserves, no thanks, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.b grant made in legal form, Refs 1st c.AD+; αἱ τῶν Σεβαστῶν χ. imperial grants, Refs 1st c.AD+ __III.2 especially in erotic sense, of favours granted (see. χαρίζομαι 1.3), ἀλόχου χάριν ἰδεῖν Refs 8th c.BC+; βίᾳ δ᾽ ἔπραξας χάριτας ἢ πείσας κόρη; Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV gratification, delight, τινος in or from a thing, συμποσίου Refs 5th c.BC+; also concrete, of things, a delight, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to λύπη, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to πόνος, Refs 5th c.BC+; less frequently in Prose, χ. καὶ ἡδονή Refs 5th c.BC+ __V δαιμόνων χάρις homage due to them, their worship, majesty, Refs 4th c.BC+; ὅρκων Refs 5th c.BC+ __V.2 thank-offering, εὐκταία χ. τινός, opposed to a common gift, Refs 5th c.BC+ __VI Special usages: __VI.1 accusative singular as adverb, χ. τινός in any one's favour, for his pleasure, for his sake, χ. Ἕκτορος Refs 8th c.BC+; ψεύδεσθαι γλώσσης χ. for one's tongue's pleasure, i.e. for talking's sake, Refs 8th c.BC+; rarely with Article, τὴν Ἀθηναίων χάριν ἐστρατεύοντο Refs 5th c.BC+ __VI.1.b as preposition, sometimes before its case (once in Refs 5th c.BC+; χ. τίνο; LXX+1st c.BC+, but mostly after, for the sake of, on behalf of, on account of, κακά νιν ἕλοιτο μοῖρα δυσπότμου χάριν χλιδᾶς Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ χάρι; for what reason? Refs 5th c.BC+; so ἐμὴν χάριν, χάριν σήν, for my, thy pleasure or sake, Refs 5th c.BC+: less frequently with the Article, τὴν σὴν δ᾽ ἥκω χ. Refs 5th c.BC+; also χάριν τινός as far as regards.., as to.., ἔπους σμικροῦ χ. Refs 5th c.BC+; δακρύων χάριν if tears would serve, Refs 4th c.BC+; also, about, ἔπεμφεν ἐπὶ τὴν πενθεράν σου χ. τοῦ κτήματος about the farm, Refs 2nd c.AD+—Orig. an accusative in apposition with the sentence, as in Refs 8th c.BC+, being a favour, since it is (was) a favour, as is evident in κακῆς γυναικὸς χάριν ἄχαριν ἀπώλετο Refs 5th c.BC+ __VI.2 with Preps.: __VI.2.a εἰς χάριν to do a pleasure, οὐδὲν ἐς χ. πράσσων Refs 1st c.AD+ in such a way as to earn thanks.. Refs 5th c.BC+ __VI.2.b πράσσειν τί τινι πρὸς χάριν Refs 5th c.BC+ for the sake of it, Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸς χ., opposed to κλαίων, Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸς χ. alone, as a favour, freely, πρὸς χ. τε κοὐ βίᾳ Refs 5th c.BC+; but κορέσαι στόμα πρὸς χ. to their heart's content, Refs __VI.2.c ἐν χάριτι κρίνειν τινά to decide from partiality to one, Refs 3rd c.BC+; but also, for one's gratification, pleasure, ἐν χάριτι διδόναι or ποιεῖν τινί τι, Refs 5th c.BC+gratefully, Refs __VI.2.d διὰ χαρίτων εἶναι or γίγνεσθαί [τινι] to be pleasing to one, Refs 5th c.BC+ __VI.2.e ἐθελοντὶ καὶ μετὰ χάριτος of pure good will, Refs 5th c.BC+ __VII metaphorically of the cypress, Refs; of some kind of myrtle, Refs 8th c.BC+; of salt, ὅτι τὸ ἀναγκαῖον ἡδὺ ποιοῦσιν (i.e. ἅλες) Refs 1st c.AD+ __B Χάρις, ἡ, as a mythological proper name declined like{χάρις}, save that the accusative is generally Χάριτα (except Refs 8th c.BC+:—Charis, wife of Hephaestus, Refs 8th c.BC+; mostly in plural Χάριτες, αἱ, the Graces, Refs 8th c.BC+; three in number, Refs 8th c.BC+, as a compliment, Refs 3rd c.BC+; attendants of Aphrodite, Refs 8th c.BC+; coupled with Μοῦσαι, Refs 8th c.BC+; κόμαι Χαρίτεσσιν ὁμοῖαι, i.e. like that of the Graces, Refs 8th c.BC+; worshipped at Orchomenus in Boeotia, Ἐτεόκλειοι Χάριτες θεαί Refs 3rd c.BC+: but at Lacedaemon and Athens only two were originally worshipped, Refs 5th c.BC+

† יָשָׁר adj. straight, right;—י׳ 1 S 29:6 + 70 times; cstr. יְשַׁר Pr 29:27; f. יְשָׁרָה Ez 1:7 + 4 times; pl. יְשָׁרִים Nu 23:10 + 31 times; cstr. יִשְׁרֵי ψ 7:11 + 8 times; f. יְשָׁרוֹת Ez 1:23 (del. Co);— 1. straight, level, of a way Is 26:7 Je 31:9 ψ 107:7 Ezr 8:21; foot Ez 1:7; wings v 23 (? v. supr.) 2. right, pleasing: a. to God, הַיָּשָׁר בעיני that which is right, pleasing in the eyes of, agreeable to (either cstr. before י׳, or with sfs. referring to him), especially in Deut. writers, Ex 15:26 (R), Dt 12:25; 13:19; 21:9 1 K 11:33, 38; 14:8, 15:5, 11; 22:43 = 2 Ch 20:32, 2 K 10:30, 12:3; 14:3; 15:3, 34; 16:2; 18:3; 22:2 = 2 Ch 24:2; 25:2; 26:4; 27:2; 28:1; 29:2; 34:2, Je 34:15; הישׁר והטוב בעיני י׳ Dt 6:18; הטוב והישׁר בעיני י׳ 12:28 2 Ch 14:1; הטוב והישׁר והאמת לפני י׳ 31:20. b. to man, (ה)ישׁר בעיני Dt 12:8 Ju 17:6; 21:25 2 S 19:7 Je 40:5 Pr 12:15; 21:2; (ה)טוב ו(ה)ישׁר בעיני Jos 9:25 (D), Je 26:14; 40:4; יֵשׁ דֶּרֶךְ יָשָׁר לִפְנֵי־אִישׁ Pr 14:12 there is a way which is pleasing before a man = 16:25. 3. straightforward, just, upright: a. of God, צַדִּיק וְיָשָׁר הוּא Dt 32:4 (song); טוב וישׁר י׳ ψ 25:8; ישׁר י׳ 92:16; his ways Ho 14:10; his משׁפטים Ne 9:13 ψ 119:137; פִּקּוּדִים 19:9; דָּבָר 33:4; the words of divine wisdom Pr 8:9. b. of man, God made him upright Ec 7:29; but יָשָׁר בָּאָדָם אָ֑יִן Mi 7:2 an upright man among men there is none, and yet Job is תָּם וְיָשָׁר Jb 1:1 (v. Da), v 8; 2:3, cf. ψ 37:37; זַךְ וישׁר Jb 8:6; so earlier of David as an uprightman 1 S 29:6; of man’s doings ‖ זַךְ Pr 20:11, cf. 21:8; of his way of life ‖ טובה 1 S 12:23; יְשַׁר־דֶּרֶךְ Pr 29:27; יִשְׁרִי־דֶרֶךְ ψ 37:14; of his heart, mind, and will, יִשְׁרֵי לֵבָב upright of heart 2 Ch 29:34; רִשְׁרֵי־לֵב ψ 7:11; 11:2; 32:11; 36:11; 64:11; 94:15; 97:11; יְשָׁרִים בְּלִבּוֹתָם 125:4. c. as a noun, (1) with ref. to things, יָשָׁר הֶעֱוֵיתִי the right I have perverted Jb 33:27; הַיְשָׁרָה יְעַקֵּ֑שׁוּ Mi 3:9 pervert the right (lit. twist that which is straight); דֹּבֵר יְשָׁרִים speaketh right things Pr 16:13, cf. 2 K 10:15. (2) more commonly of men, in sg. (ה)יָשָׁר Mi 2:7; 7:4 2 K 10:3 Pr 21:29 Jb 23:7; collective, ψ 11:7; also in סֵפֶר הַיָּשָׁר book of the upright Jos 10:13 2 S 1:18 (cf. 1 K 8:53 𝔊; DrIntr. 182), a collection of ancient national poetry; in pl. יְשָׁרִים the upright, of pious Israel Nu 23:10 (song E); elsewhere of the upright among the people of God as distinguished from the wicked, in WisdLt, Jb 4:7; 17:8 Pr 2:7, 21; 3:32; 11:3, 6, 11; 12:6; 14:9, 11; 15:8, 19; 16:17; 21:18; 28:10; 29:10, in late ψψ 33:1; 49:15; 107:42; 111:1; 112:2, 4; 140:14 and Dn 11:17. 4. abstr., uprightness, בֶּאֱמֶת וְיָשָׁר ψ 111:8 (Thes), but read rather ישֶׁר with Hi Ri Bae, after 𝔊 𝔖 𝔗 Jer.

† צֶ֫דֶק n.m. Is 1:21 rightness, righteousness;—צ׳ Lv 19:36 + 87 times; צִדְקִי Is 41:10 + 8 times, etc.;— 1. what is right, just, normal; rightness, justness, of weights and measures, אֵי��ָה, אֶבֶן שְׁלֵמָה וָצֶדֶק Dt 25:15 a perfect and a just weight, ephah; מֹאזְנֵי צ׳; אַבְנֵי צ׳, אֵיפַת צ׳, הִין צ׳, בַּת צ׳ Lv 19:36 (H) Jb 31:6; Ez 45:10; מַעְגְּלֵי צ׳ right paths ψ 23:3; זִבְחֵי צ׳ right peace-offerings Dt 33:19 ψ 4:6; 51:21. 2. righteousness, in government: a. of judges, rulers, kings, שׁפט בצ׳ Lv 19:15 (H); שׁפט צ׳ Dt 1:16 Pr 31:9; משׁפט צ׳ Dt 16:18; רדף צ׳ v 20; חוֹקֵק צ׳ Pr 8:15; מלך לצ׳ Is 32:1; דבּר צ׳ ψ 58:2; also Pr 25:5 ψ 94:15; Ec 5:7. b. of law, as מִשְׁפָּטִים Is 58:2 ψ 119:7, 62, 75, 106, 160 (𝔊, but MT מִשְׁפַּט), v 164; as עֵדוֹת v 138, 144; as מִצְוֹת v 172. c. of Davidic king, Messiah Is 11:4, 5; 16:5 ψ 45:5, דין בצ׳ 72:2. d. of Jerus., as seat of just government, עִיר הַצֶּדֶק Is 1:26 city of righteousness; נְוֵה צ׳ Je 31:23; 50:7 (poss. these reflect an orig. god צֶדֶק, v. מַלְכִּי צֶדֶק); צ׳ יָלִין בָּהּ Is 1:21 righteousness used to lodge in her; cf. מְקוֹם הצ׳ Ec 3:16 the place of righteousness. e. of God’s attribute as sovereign Jb 36:3, husband of Israel Ho 2:21; צ׳ his personif. agent ψ 85:11, 12, 14, foundation of his throne 89:15 = 97:2; in his government ψ 9:9; 65:6; 96:13 = 98:9, promise Is 45:19, administration of justice Jb 8:3 Je 11:20 ψ 7:18; 48:11; 50:6 = 97:6, vindication of his people 9:5; 35:24, 28; raising up Cyrus Is 45:13, calling his servant 42:6; אֱלֹהֵי צִדְקִי ψ 4:2 God of my righteousness (who vindicates me); his צ׳ is everlasting 119:142. 3. righteousness, justice, in a case or cause Jb 6:29; 8:6; 29:14 ψ 35:27; Is 59:4; God שׁפט כצ׳ ψ 7:9 judges according to righteousness; גמל כצ׳ 18:21; השׁיב כצ׳ v 25; שׁמע צ׳ 17:1; הוציא צ׳ 37:6. 4. rightness, in speech, דבּר צ׳ ψ 52:5 (opp. שֶׁקֶר); יַגִּיד צ׳ Pr 12:17; בצ׳ כל אמרי פי 8:8; שִׂפְתֵי צ׳ 16:13. 5. righteousness, as ethically right Jb 35:2 ψ 17:15; 45:8; Pr 1:3; 2:9; Ec 7:15; Je 22:13; Ez 3:20; Ho 10:12 (read פְּרִי צ׳, so 𝔊 We Now); צ׳ עלמים Dn 9:24; עשׂה צ׳ Is 64:4 ψ 119:121; פעל צ׳ 15:2; למד צ׳ Is 26:9, 10; בקּשׁ צ׳ Zp 2:3; רדף צ׳ Is 51:1; ידע צ׳ v 7. 6. righteousness as vindicated, justification in controversy with enemies and troubles, deliverance, victory, prosperity: a. of God as covenant-keeping, in redemption, בִּימִין צִדְקִי Is 41:10, ‖ יֵשַׁע 45:8; 51:5, cf. 42:21; בשּׂר צ׳ ψ 40:10; אִמְרַת צ׳ 119:123. b. in name יהוה צִדְקֵנוּ, of Messianic king (vindicating people’s cause and giving victory) Je 23:6; of city 33:16. c. of people as enjoying צ׳ of salvation, ‖ יְשׁוּעָה Is 62:1; ‖ כָּבוֹד 58:3; 62:2; כהנים יִלְבְּשׁוּ צ׳ ψ 132:9; שַׁעֲרֵי צ׳ 118:19; אֵילֵי הצ׳ Is 61:3. d. of Cyrus, צ׳ יִקְרָאֵהוּ לְרַגְלוֹ Is 41:2 (who) in victory calleth him at every step (CheHpt. on whose steps attends victory, so Di Du).

† [יָטַב] vb. be good, well, glad, pleasing (Aramaic יְטַב; Zinj. יטב DHMSendsch. 57)— Qal (Pf. not in use, v. טוֹב vb.) Impf. יִיטַב Gn 12:13 + 34 times, יִטַב 1 S 24:5 + 3 times; תִּיטַב Est 2:4 + 2 times; תֵּיטְבִי (incorrect for תִּיטְבִי Ges§ 70 R) Na 3:8; pl. יִיטְבוּ Gn 34:18; for Inf. and Pt. v. טוֹב" dir="rtl" >טוֹב.— 1. be glad, joyful, לֵב Ju 18:20; 19:6, 9 1 K 21:7 Ru 3:7 Ec 7:3. 2. be well placed, הֲתֵיטְבִי מִנֹּא אָמוֹן Na 3:8 art thou better placed than No of Amon? 3. impers. c. לְ, be well for or with, go well with Gn 12:13 (J), 40:14 (E), Dt 4:40; 5:16, 26; 6:3, 18; 12:25, 28; 22:7 2 K 25:24 Ru 3:1 Je 7:23; 38:20; 40:9; 42:6. 4. be pleasing בְּעֵינֵי Gn 34:18 (J), 41:37; 45:16 (E), Dt 1:23 Lv 10:19, 20 Jos 22:30, 33 (P), 1 S 18:5; 24:5 2 S 3:36; 18:4 1 K 3:10 Est 1:21; 2:4(×2), 9; c. לְ, be pleasing to, ψ 69:32; c. לִפְנֵי (late) Ne 2:5, 6 Est 5:14. Hiph. Pf. הֵיטִיב Gn 12:16 Jos 24:20; הֵיטִב 1 S 25:31; sf. הֵיטִֽבְךָ Dt 30:5; הֵיטַבְתָּ Je 1:12; הֵיטַבְתְּ Ru 3:10, etc.; וְהֵטִֽבֹתִ֫י Ez 36:11 (for הֵיטַבְתִּי as if from טוב Ges§ 70 R); Impf. יֵיטִיב Nu 10:32 + 3 times; יֵיטִב Pr 15:13 + 2 times; יְיֵטִיב Jb 24:21 (Ges§ 70 R); יֵיטֵיב 1 K 1:47 (Ges§ 70 R); וַיִּ֫יטֶב Ex 1:20; sf. וִיטִיבְךָ Ec 11:9, etc.; Imv. הֵיטִ֫יבָה ψ 51:20; הֵיטִ֫יבִי Is 23:16, etc.; Inf. abs. הֵיטֵיב Je 7:5; 10:5; הֵיטֵב Gn 32:13 + 10 times; Inf. cstr. הֵיטִיב Lv 5:4 + 7 times; הֵטִיב Je 32:41; sf. הֵיטִיבִי Je 32:40, etc.; Pt. מֵיטִיב 1 S 16:17; מֵטִיב ψ 119:68; מֵטִב Ez 33:32, etc.;— 1. make glad, rejoice לֵב Ju 19:22; פנים Pr 15:13; the person Ec 11:9. 2. do good to, deal well with, a person, usually c. prep.: c. לִ, Ex 1:20 Jos 24:20 (both E), Gn 12:16 Nu 10:29, 32 (all J), Ju 17:13 1 S 25:31 ψ 49:19; 125:4; c. עִם, Gn 32:10, 13(×2) Nu 10:32 (all J), Mi 2:7; c. acc. Dt 8:16; 28:63; 30:5 1 S 2:32 Je 18:10; 32:40, 41 Zc 8:15 Jb 24:21 ψ 51:20; c. מן Ez 36:11; opp. הֵרַע (in prov. phr., cannot do good or ill, = cannot do anything at all; test of deity) Zp 1:12 Is 41:23 Je 10:5. 3. do well or thoroughly: הֵטִיבוּ (כל)אשׁר דבּרוּ they have done well (all) that they have spoken Dt 5:25; 18:17; על הרע כפים להיטיב Mi 7:3 their hands are upon the evil to do it well, i.e. diligently, thoroughly, lit. make (it) good, with play on הרע; especially as auxil. sq. inf.; היט׳ דעת Pr 15:2 = know well; לראות Je 1:12 see well; (לְ)נַגֵּן play well, skilfully 1 S 16:17 Is 23:16 Ez 33:32 ψ 33:3; pt. cstr. sq. subst. מֵטִבֵי צָ֑עַד Pr 30:29 marching well, in a stately manner, so מֵיטִבֵי לֶכֶת v 29; inf. abs. הֵיטֵיב as adv. = thoroughly, c. vbs.: טחן Dt 9:21, שׁאל 13:15, דרשׁ 17:4; 19:18, באר 27:8, שׁבּר 2 K 11:18. 4. make a thing good, right, beautiful: c. acc. rei: the head 2 K 9:30; dress, trim: a lamp Ex 30:7 (P); מַצֵּבוֹת Ho 10:1; גֵּהָה Pr 17:22 a glad heart maketh a good cure; sq. מִן compar., obj. שֵׁם 1 K 1:47 (= make it more glorious than); חֶסֶד Ru 3:10; sq. דֶּרֶךְ = course of life or action Je 2:33 (in order to win love); amend one’s ways and doings Je 7:3; 18:11; 26:13; 35:15; הֵיטֵיב תֵּיטִיבוּ את־ד׳ 7:5. 5. do well, right, ethically, abs.: a. of men, Gn 4:7(×2) (J), Lv 5:4 (P), ψ 36:4 Is 1:17 Je 4:22; 13:23. b. of God, טוֹב מֵטִיב good and doing good ψ 119:68; so inf. abs. as adv. הַהֵיטֵב חָרָה לך Jon 4:4, 9 art thou rightly angry? sq. לי v 9. In כִּי־יֵיטִב אֶל־אָבִי 1 S 20:13 vb. is appar. intrans., = Qal, if it be pleasing unto my father, but Hiph. not elsewhere in this sense; point rather יִיטַב; on this and on foll. אֶת־ v. We Dr.

II. רַע126 n.m. Jb 30:26 evil, distress, misery, injury, calamity;—abs. רַע Nu 11:1 +, בְּרָע Ex 5:19 +, רָ֑ע Gn 48:16 +;— †1. evil, distress, adversity: יָרֵא רַע fear evil ψ 23:4 Zp 3:15; בּוֹרֵא רָ֑ע Is 45:7 (of God), הביא רע 31:2; מתאננים רַע Nu 11:1 (J) murmuring respecting distress (see Di); אם טוב ואם רע Je 42:6 whether prosperity or adversity; יוֹם רע Am 6:3 day of calamity; יְמֵי רע ψ 49:6; 94:13; כי טוב קויתי ויבא רע Jb 30:26; בְּרָע in adversity Ex 5:19 (E) ψ 10:6; יִפֹּל בְּרָ֑ע Pr 13:17; אֶרְאֶה בָרָ֑ע Gn 44:34 (J); בכל־רע Pr 5:14, מכל רע Gn 48:16 (E) ψ 121:7; v. also Mi 1:12 ψ 140:12 Jb 5:19; 31:29; Pr 12:21; 19:23. †2. evil, injury, wrong: Hb 2:9; Jb 2:10; Pr 21:10; עשׂה רע, + עִם pers. Gn 31:29 (E); ל pers. Je 39:12; as obj. of חשּׁב Ho 7:15, חרשׁ Pr 6:14; 12:20; 14:22, השׁיב ψ 54:7, גמל 7:5 Pr 31:12, בקּשׁ 17:11, שׁלּם 20:22, אמר ψ 41:6, דבּר 109:20; דבּר בְּרָע 73:8 speak about injury; לֹא יִתְנַכֵּא טוֹב כִּי אִם רָ֑ע 1 K 22:8, 18 = 2 Ch (18:7 לְרָעָה), 18:17 לְרָ֑ע; לרע for harm, injury Is 59:7; Je 7:6; 25:7 ψ 56:6 Pr 1:16; 21:12; Ec 8:9; רַע יֵרוֹעַ Pr 11:15 (but read רֹעַ Gr SS, v. Toy). 3. ethical evil, Dt 30:15; 2 S 14:17; Is 5:20; Am 5:14; Mi 7:3 + 10 times; עשׂה רע 2 K 21:9; 2 Ch 12:14; 33:9; Ne 9:28 + 8 times; פֹּעֲלֵי רע Mi 2:1; אהב רע 3:2 (Qr), ψ 52:5; שׂנא רע Am 5:15 ψ 97:10 Pr 8:13; מאס רע ψ 36:5; מאס ברע Is 7:15, 16; בִּעֵר הרע מִן consume evil from Dt 13:6 + 8 times Dt; לֹא יְגֻרְךָ רָ֑ע ψ 5:5 (adj. = evil man Hup De al.); ידע טוב ורע Gn 2:9, 17; 3:5, 22 (all J), Dt 1:39; סר מֵרָע Is 59:15 ψ 34:15; 37:27; Pr 3:7 + 8 times; כי ברע הוא Ex 32:22 (J) he is set on evil; רע רשׁעים ψ 7:10; רע מעללים 1 S 25:3, cf. Mi 3:4 (v. רֹעַ 3); דִּבְרֵי רָע deeds of evil Je 5:28; תַּהְפֻּכוֹת רָ֑ע Pr 2:14; אֹרַח רע ψ 119:101; עֲצַת רע Ez 11:2; מֵחְשְׁבוֹת רע Pr 15:26; אִישׁ רע 29:6; אַנְשֵׁי רע 28:5; אֵשֶׁת רע 6:24 (but read רֵעַ Gr Bi Toy).

ἀγᾰθός [ᾰγ], ή, όν, Laconian dialect ἀγασός Refs 5th c.BC+:— good: __I of persons, __I.1 well-born, gentle, opposed to κακός, δειλός, οἷά τε τοῖς ἀγαθοῖσι παραδρώωσι χέρηεςRefs 8th c.BC+; τοὺς εὐγενεῖς γὰρ κἀγαθοὺς.. φιλεῖ Ἄρης ἐναίρεινRefs 5th c.BC+:—in political sense, aristocrats, especially in the phrase καλοὶ κἀγαθοί (see. entry καλοκἀγαθός). __I.2 brave, valiant, since courage was attributed to Chiefs and Nobles, Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.3 good, capable, in reference to ability, ἀ. βασιλεύςRefs 8th c.BC+: frequently with qualifying words, ἀ. ἐν ὑσμίνῃRefs 8th c.BC+; τὰ πολέμια, τὰ πολιτικά, Refs 5th c.BC+: more rarely with dative, ἀ. πολέμῳRefs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, ἀ. μάχεσθαιRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. ἱστάναι good at weighing, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.4 good, in moral sense, first in Refs 6th c.BC+: frequently with other adjectives, ὁ πιστὸς κἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+:—ironical, τὸν ἀ. ΚρέονταRefs __I.5 ὦ ἀγαθέ, my good friend, as a term of gentle remonstrance, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.6 ἀ. δαίμων, see entry δαίμω; ἀ. τύχη, see entry τύχ; ἀ. θεός = Latin bona dea, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II of things, __II.1 good, serviceable, Ἰθάκη.. ἀ. κουροτρόφοςRefs 8th c.BC+ good for it, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 of outward circumstances, αἰδὼς οὐκ ἀ. κεχρημένῳ ἀνδρὶ παρεῖναιRefs 8th c.BC+; εἰπεῖν εἰς ἀγαθόν to good purpose, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὁ δὲ πείσεται εἰς ἀ. περ for his own good end, Refs —ἀγαθόν [ἐστι], with infinitive, it is good to do so and so, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.3 morally good, πρῆξιςNT+5th c.BC+ __II.4 ἀγαθόν, τό, good, blessing, benefit, of persons or things, ὦ μέγα ἀ. σὺ τοῖς φίλοιςRefs 5th c.BC+ as term of endearment for a baby, blessing!, treasure!, Refs 4th c.BC+ — ἀγαθόν τινα δεδρακέναι, πεποιηκέναι confer a benefit on.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπ᾽ ἀγαθῷ τινος for one's good, Refs 5th c.BC+for no good end, Refs 5th c.BC+ —τὸ ἀ. or τἀ., the good, Refs 5th c.BC+ —in _plural_, ἀγαθά, τά, goods of fortune, treasures, wealth, Refs 5th c.BC+fare well, Refs 5th c.BC+; also, good things, dainties, Refs 6th c.BC+: good qualities, τοῖς ἀ., οἷς ἔχομεν ἐν τῇ ψυχῇRefs 5th c.BC+; good points, of a horse, εἰ τἄλλα πάντα ἀ. ἔχοι, κακόπους δ᾽ εἴηRefs 5th c.BC+ __III comparative and superlative are usually supplied from other stems, i.e. comparative ἀμείνων, ἀρείων, βελτίων, κρείσσων (κάρρων), λωΐων (λὥων), Epic dialect βέλτερος, λωΐτερος, φέρτερος:—superlative ἄριστος, βέλτιστος, κράτιστος, λώϊστος (λῷστος), Epic dialect βέλτατος, κάρτιστος, φέρτατος, φέριστος:— later, regular comparative ἀγαθώτεροςLXX+1st c.BC+: superlative ἀγαθώτατοςRefs 1st c.BC+ etc. (-ότατος Refs 2nd c.AD+ __IV adverb usually εὖ, which see: ἀγαθῶςLXX+5th c.BC+; perhaps cognate with ἄγαμαι, hence admirable.)

καλός, ή, όν, Aeolic dialect κάλος (see. below), α, ον, Boeotian dialect καλϝός Refs 6th c.BC+:— __A beautiful, of outward form, frequently of persons, κάλλιστος ἀνὴρ ὑπὸ Ἴλιον ἦλθεν Refs 8th c.BC+ usually in the phrase κ. τε μέγας τε Refs 8th c.BC+; μέγας καὶ κ. Refs 8th c.BC+; καλὸς δέμας beautiful of form,Refs 5th c.BC+; Χορῷ καλή beauteous in the dance, Refs 8th c.BC+: with infinitive, καλλίονες καὶ μείζονες εἰσοράασθαι Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐσορᾶν κ. Refs 5th c.BC+: frequently of parts of the body, fair, shapely, κ. πρόσωπα, ὅμματα, παρήϊα, σφυρά, Refs 8th c.BC+; of clothes, εἵματα, φάρεα, Χιτών, Χλαῖνα, πέδιλα, Refs 8th c.BC+; of arms and armour, κνημῖδες, ἀσπίς, σάκος, κόρυς, φάσγανα, ἔντεα, Refs 8th c.BC+; of buildings, manufactured articles, etc., αὐλὴ κ. τε μεγάλη τε Refs; κ. δώματα, τεῖχος, πόλιες,Refs 8th c.BC+; also τέμενος, ἀγρός, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐέρσα κ. ead.Refs __A.2 in Attic dialect added to a name in token of love or admiration, as Ἀρίσημος κ. Refs; ἐν τοῖσι τοίχοις ἔγραφ᾽ Ἀθηναῖοι καλοί” Refs 5th c.BC+; Ἀλκιβιάδης ὁ καλός, Σαπφὼ ἡ καλή, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.2.b ἡ Καλή or Καλλίστη, as epithet, Refs 4th c.BC+ __A.2.c Καλοί, οἱ, divinities worshipped in childbirth, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __A.3 τὸ καλόν beauty, Refs 7th c.BC+, etc.; τὰ καλά the proprieties or elegancies of life, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II with reference to use, good, of fine quality, κ. λιμήν Refs 8th c.BC+; Βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ.. καλῷ fair, Refs; κ. ἀργύριον, opposed to κίβδηλον, genuine silver, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to ἀποτετριμμένον, good silver currency, Refs 3rd c.BC+; ἐλαῖαι Refs 3rd c.BC+; γῆ NT+4th c.AD+; στρατόπεδον κάλλιστον LXX+5th c.BC+: with infinitive, λόφος κάλλιστος τρέχειν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν καλῷ [τόπῳ] in a good place, καθίζεσθαι, ὁρμεῖν, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν καλῷ under favourable circumstances, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν κ. (i.e. Χρόνῳ) in good time, in season, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν οὐ κ. Refs; ἐν καλῷ [ἐστι] with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+ with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+; τί γὰρ ἐμοὶ ζῆν καλό; what is the good of life to me? Refs 1st c.AD+; καλῇ πίστει, = Latin bona fide, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __A.II.2 of sacrifices, auspicious, σφάγια Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, ἰέναι.. κ. ἡμῖν τὰ ἱερὰ ἦν Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.III in a moral sense, beautiful, noble, honourable, in Refs 8th c.BC+ only in neuter, οὐ καλὸν ἔειπες Refs 8th c.BC+; frequently καλόν [ἐστι] with infinitive, κ. τοι σὺν ἐμοὶ τὸν κήδειν ὅς κ᾽ ἐμὲ κήδῃ Refs 8th c.BC+; οὐ γὰρ ἔμοιγε κ. (i.e. ἄρχειν)Refs 8th c.BC+; so in Trag., καλόν μοι τοῦτο ποιούσῃ θανεῖν LXX+5th c.BC+: comparative, οὐ μέν τοι τόδε κάλλιον οὐδὲ ἔοικε Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. ἔργματα noble deeds, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀναστροφὴ κ. NT: in plural, excellences, πλῆθος καλῶν Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ τοῦ παιδὸς κ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.III.2 τὸ κ. moral beauty, virtue, honour, opposed to τὸ αἰσχρόν, Refs 6th c.BC+; τοὐμὸν κ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.III.3 of persons, in early writers coupled with ἀγαθός, see at {καλοκἀγαθός}; later κ. ποιμήν NT; κ. στρατιώτης NT __A.IV in Attic dialect and Trag. frequently ironically, fine, specious, γέρας κ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __B Degrees of comparative: comparative καλλίων, ον, Refs 8th c.BC+: superlative κάλλιστος, η, ον, Refs 8th c.BC+; late καλλιώτερος or -ότερος, Refs 5th c.BC+ __C adverb:—Poets frequently use neuter καλόν as adverb, κ. ἀείδειν Refs 8th c.BC+; later τὸ κ. Refs 3rd c.BC+ __C.II regular adverb καλῶς (Doric dialect καλώς Refs 5th c.BC+, well, rightly, οὐδ᾽ ἔτι κ. οἶκος ἐμὸς διόλωλε Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. ζῆν, τεθνηκέναι, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. φρονεῖν to be in one's right mind, Refs; κ. ἀγωνιεῖσθαι fairly, on the merits of the case, Refs 5th c.BC+; Χρήματα δατῆθθαι κ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.2 of good fortune, well, happily, κ. πράσσειν, ={εὖ π}., Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. ἔχειν to be well, Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. ἔχει with infinitive, 'tis well to.., Refs 5th c.BC+ to be well off in respect to a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.3 καλῶς, ={πάνυ}, thoroughly, altogether, τὸν κ. εὐδαίμονα Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative, κάλλιον εἰδέναι Refs 5th c.BC+; κάλλιον ἐοικέναι to be just like, Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.4 κ. ἀκούειν to be well spoken of, Refs 4th c.BC+ __C.II.5 κ. ποιῶν rightly, deservedly, κ. ποιῶν ἀπόλλυται Refs 5th c.BC+; in requests, κ. ποιήσεις πριάμενος, etc., Refs 3rd c.BC+, etc.; also with infinitive, κ. π. γράψαι Refs 1st c.BC+ __C.II.6 in answers, to approve the words of the former speaker, well said! Refs 5th c.BC+; also, to decline an offer courteously, no, thank you! Refs 5th c.BC+; πάνυ κ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.7 ironically, finely, καλῶς ἐρήμης γ᾽ ἂν σὺ γῆς ἄρχοις μόνος Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.8 κ. ὁ ἱερεύς hurrah for the priest! Refs 2nd c.AD+ __C.II.9 repeated with the adjective, καλὴ καλῶς Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.10 comparative καλλιόνως Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative καλλίστως Refs 5th c.BC+ __D for compounds, see at {καλλι-, καλο-}. __E Quantity: ᾱ in Epic dialect and early Refs 8th c.BC+: ᾰ in Lyric poetry (except κᾱλῶς Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ μὴ κᾰλὰ κᾱλὰ πέφανται Refs 3rd c.BC+.--In comparative, ῐ in Refs 8th c.BC+

[רָעַע98] vb. denom. be evil, bad;— †Qal Pf. 3 ms. רַע Nu 22:34 + 3 times, רָ֑ע 11:10; 3 fs. רָעָה Dt 15:9 (Ex 21:8 v. i. רַע); Impf. 3 ms. יֵרַע (Ges§ 67 p) Gn 21:12 +; 3 fs. תֵּרַע Dt 28:54, 56; 3 mpl. יֵרְעוּ Ne 2:3;— 1. be displeasing: רַע בְּעֵינֵי Nu 11:10; 22:34 (J), Jos 24:15 (E), Je 40:4; Pr 24:18 (c. וְ consec.) impf. יֵרַע בְּעֵינֵי Gn 21:11, 12 (E), 48:17 (J), 1 S 8:6; 18:8; 2 S 11:25; later, וַיֵּרַע אֶל Jon 4:1 or וירע לְ Ne 2:10 (intensified by רָעָה גְדוֹלָה), וַיֵּרַע לִי מְאֹד 13:8. 2. be sad: ירע לבב Dt 15:10; 1 S 1:8; יֵֽרְעוּ פָנַי Ne 2:3. 3. be injurious, evil: וַיֵּרַע לְ ψ 106:32 it went ill with Moses, pers. subj. 2 S 20:6; רַעָה עַיִן be grudging, c. ב pers., Dt 15:9; 28:54, 56. 4. be evil, wicked, ethically: וַיֵּרַע בְּעֵינֵי י׳ Gn 38:10 (J); 2 S 11:27; Is 59:15; בְּעֵינֵי אֱלֹהִים 1 Ch 21:7. †Niph. suffer hurt: Impf. 3 ms. יֵרוֹעַ (רַע) Pr 11:15; 13:20. Hiph. 70 Pf. 3 ms. הֵרַע Ex 5:23 +; 2 ms. הֲרֵעוֹתָ 1 K 17:20, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָרֵעַ Zp 1:12, וַיָּ֫רַע 1 K 16:25; 2 ms. תָּרַע ψ 44:3 +, etc. inf. abs. הָרֵעַ 1 S 12:25 1 Ch 21:17; cstr.הָרַע Gn 31:7 + 8 times, הָרֵ֑עַ Is 1:16 + 4 times; Pt. מֵרַע Is 9:16; Pr 17:4; pl. מְרֵעִים Is 1:4 +;— 1. do an injury, hurt: abs. Gn 44:5 (J), Is 11:9 = 65:25; Je 31:28; Pr 4:16; 24:8; opp. היטיב Is 41:23; Je 10:5; Zp 1:12 (all in prov. phr. = do anything at all, cf. רָע 2); הרע ל Gn 19:9; 43:6; Ex 5:22, 23; Nu 11:11 (J) 20:15; Jos 24:20 (E) + 5 times; c. acc. pers. Nu 16:15 (J) + 4 times; c. בְּ, 1 Ch 16:22 = ψ 105:15 (c. ל), Je 25:29 ψ 74:3; c. עִמָּדִי Gn 31:7 (E); c. על 1 K 17:20; c. ל + inf. Je 16:12; swear לְהָרַע, = to one’s hurt, ψ 15:4; Lv 5:4 (P); Pt. = subst. לְבָבָם לְמֵרָע Dn 11:27 (shall be) for mischief. 2. do evil, wickedly: abs. Gn 19:7 (J) 1 S 12:25(×2) + 6 times; opp. היטיב Je 4:22; 13:23; c. מִן comp., 1 K 14:9; 16:25; 2 K 21:11; Je 7:26; 16:12; c. acc. הֵרֵעוּ מַעַלְלֵיהֶם Mi 3:4, cf. 1 S 25:3; Pt. מֵרַע evil doer, Is 9:16; Pr 17:4; pl. Je 20:13; 23:14 ψ 27:2 + 7 times; זֶרַע מ׳ Is 1:4; 14:20; בית מ׳ 31:2; עֲדַת מ׳ ψ 22:17; קְהַל מ׳ 26:5; סוֹד מ׳ 64:3.

† זָנָה vb. commit fornication, be a harlot (Arabic زَنَى commit fornication, Aramaic ܙܢܳܐ, זנא; cf. Ethiopic ዝንየት effusio seminis virilis, semen effusum, Di1055; on this and ዘመወ (comp. by Ges al.) v. PrätBAS i.32, Anm.)— Qal Pf. ז׳ Dt 31:16, זָֽנְתָה Gn 38:24 + 3 times, etc.; Impf. יִזְנֶ֯ה (Kt) Ez 23:43; תִּזְנֶה Lv 19:29 + 4 times; וַתּ֫זֶן Je 3:8 Ez 23:5; תִּזְנִי Ho 3:3; וַתִּזְנִי Je 3:6 (but read prob. וַתִּזֶן: וַתִּזְנִי is not Aramaic form of 3 fs., v. Köi 540 Kau§ 47 g b) Ez 16:15 + 4 times; וַתִּזְנִים Ez 16:28; יִזְנוּ (Qr) Ez 23:43; וַיִּזְנוּ Ju 8:27 + 4 times; תִּזְנֶינָה Ho 4:13, 14; וַתִּזְנֶינָה Ez 23:3; Inf. abs. זָנֹה Ho 1:2; cstr. לִזְנוֹת Lv 20:5 + 3 times; לִזְנֹת Lv 20:6; sf. בִּזְנוֹתֵךְ Ez 23:30; Pt. זוֹנֶה ψ 73:27 Ez 6:9; זֹנֶה Ho 4:15; pl. זֹנִים Lv 17:7 + 3 times; זוֹנָה Dt 23:19 + 25 times; זֹנָה Lv 21:7 + 2 times; זוֹנוֹת Pr 29:3; זֹנוֹת Ho 4:14 + 4 times— 1. be or act as a harlot, abs. Gn 38:24 (J), Dt 22:21 (D), Lv 21:9 (H), Ho 4:13, 14 Am 7:17; זונה + (ה)אשׁה Jos 2:1; 6:22 (J), Lv 21:7 (H), Ju 11:1; 16:1 Pr 6:26 Je 3:3 Ez 16:30; 23:44; זוֹנָה Gn 34:31; 38:15 Jos 6:17, 25 (all J), Dt 23:19 Lv 21:14 (H), Pr 7:10; 23:27 Is 23:15, 16 Jo 4:3 Mi 1:7(×2) Ez 16:31; נָשִׁים זֹנוֹת 1 K 3:16; ז(ו)נות 1 K 22:38 Pr 29:3 Ho 3:3; 4:14 Ez 16:33; בית זונה Je 5:7; commit fornication, man’s act ז׳ אל Nu 25:1 (J); metaphorically of a land given to harlotry Lv 19:29. 2. fig. of improper intercourse with foreign nations with acc. pers. Je 3:1 Ex 16:28; ז׳ את Is 23:17; אחרי Ez 23:30; אל Ez 16:26, 28(×2); ז׳ תַזְנוּתיה Ez 23:43 Na 3:4; וַתִּזֶן אָהֳלָה תַחְתָּ֑י and Ohola committed fornication (whilst) under me Ez 23:5 (cf. Nu 5:19). 3. of intercourse with other deities, considered as harlotry, sometimes involving actual prostitution, ז׳ אחרי Ex 34:15, 16 Dt 31:16 (all J), Lv 17:7; 20:5(×2) (all H), Ju 2:17; 8:27, 33 1 Ch 5:25 Ez 6:9; 20:30; after אֹבֹת, etc. Lv 20:6 (H), one’s own heart & eyes Nu 15:39 (H); especially of Isr., Judah, and Jerus. under fig. of lewd woman Ez 16:15 (abs.) v 16 (על במות), v 17 (ז׳ בְ), 23:3(×2), 19 (abs.), Je 3:1 (c. acc.); v 6, 8 (abs.); abs. elsewhere Ho 2:7; 4:15 Is 57:3 ψ 106:39; as leaving י׳, sq. מֵעַל Ho 9:1; מאחרי 1:2(×2); מתחת 4:12; sq. מן alone ψ 73:27; ז(ו)נה Je 2:20 Ez 16:35, 41; בית זונה Je 5:7; לִבָּם הַזּוֹנֶה their whorish heart Ez 6:9. 4. זונה of moral defection Is 1:21. Pu. Pf. 3 ms. אַחֲרַיִךְ לֹא זוּנָּה fornication was not done (in going) after thee Ez 16:34 (but del. Co). Hiph. Pf. 2 ms. הִזְנֵיתָ Ho 5:3; 3 pl. הִזְנוּ Ho 4:10, 18 Ex 34:16; Impf. וַיֶּ֫זֶן 2 Ch 21:11; וַתַּזְנֶה 2 Ch 21:13; Inf. abs. הַזְנֵה Ho 4:18; cstr. הַזְגוֹת 2 Ch 21:13; sf. לְהַזְנוֹתָהּ Lv 19:29. 1. cause to commit fornication: a. sexual Lv 19:29 (H). b. religious Ex 34:16 (J), 2 Ch 21:11, 13(×2). 2. commit fornication: a. sexual Ho 4:10. b. religious Ho 4:18(×2); 5:3.

† פֶּ֫שַׁע n.m. ψ 19:14 transgression;—abs. פ׳ Ex 22:8 +, פָּ֑שַׁע Pr 10:19 +; cstr. פֶּשַׁע Gn 50:17 +; sf. פִּשְׁעִי Gn 31:36 + 14 times sfs.; pl. פְּשָׁעִים Pr 10:12; cstr. פִּשְׁעֵי Am 1:3 +, etc.;— 1. transgression against individuals Gn 31:36; 50:17(×2); Ex 22:8 (E), 1 S 24:12; 25:28; Pr 10:19; 17:19; 28:24; 29:6, 16, 22; פ׳ שְׂפָתַיִם 12:13; על כל־פשׁעים תְּכַסֶּה אַהֲבָה 10:12, cf. 17:9; 19:11; 28:13. 2. of nation, against nation: Am 1:3, 6, 9, 11, 13; 2:1; of land Pr 28:2. Elsewh. 3. against God: a. in gen., ‖ חטאת Is 58:1; 59:12; Mi 1:5(×2), 13; 3:8 Am 5:12; ‖ עון Ez 21:29 ψ 107:17; עשׂה פ׳ Ez 18:22, 28; ביום פ׳ 33:12; רַבּוּ פ׳ Is 59:12; Jb 35:6; Je 5:6 (?); יֹסִיף על חטאתו פ׳ Jb 34:37 he addeth transgression unto his sin; יִלְדֵי פ׳ Is 57:4; personified as evil spirit, נאם פשׁע ψ 36:2. b. as recognized by by sinner; he knows it ψ 51:5, make known concerning it to י׳ 32:5, does not cover it (כסה) Jb 31:33; turns from it Is 59:20 Ez 18:30; casts it away from him Ez 18:31. c. God deals with it: by visiting it (פקד) Am 3:14 ψ 89:33, dealing with one according to it, עשׂה כ Ez 39:24, making it known to sinner Jb 13:23; 36:9; punishing in various ways: מִפּ׳ because of it Is 53:5, 8; c. על, according to it Am 2:4, 6 La 1:5, 22; for it, c. ב Is 50:1; עֹל פ׳ La 1:14 yoke of transgression; personified, וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם בְּיַד פ׳ Jb 8:4; he does not grant forgiveness to it, לֹא נשׂא ל׳ Ex 23:21 Jos 24:19 (E). d. God forgives (נשׂא) it Ex 34:7 Nu 14:18 (J), Jb 7:21, cf. ψ 32:1; pardons (סלח) 1 K 8:50; passes over (עבר על, cf. Pr 19:11) Mi 7:18; removes (הרחיק) ψ 103:12; covers over (כפר) 65:4;—cf. (of priest) וְכִפֶּר עַל־הַקֹּדֶשׁ מִפ׳ Lv 16:16, and confession of פ׳ over (על) goat v 21;—God blots out (מחה) Is 43:25; 44:22 ψ 51:3; וּפ׳ אַל־תִּזְכֹּר 25:7; delivers from, הציל מן 39:9.—Jb 35:15 read פֶּשַׁע for פַשׁ q.v. 4. guilt of transgression (cf. עון 2), בְּלִי פ׳ without (guilt of) transgression Jb 33:9; 34:6; לא פ׳ ψ 59:4; פ׳ עלינו Ez 33:10; כבד עליה פ׳ Is 24:20; בְּרֹב פ׳ ψ 5:11; נקיתי מפ׳ 19:14; יִטַּמְּאוּ בְּכָל־פ׳ defile themselves with all (the guilt of) their transgressions Ez 14:11; 37:23; חָתֻם בִּצְרוֹר פ׳ Jb 14:17. 5. punishment for transgression, Dn 8:12, 13; 9:24, cf. עוּן" dir="rtl" >עון 3. 6. offering for transgression, האתן בכורי פשׁעי Mi 6:7 shall I give my first-born as an offering for my transgression (cf. חטאת 4).

δῐκαι-οσύνη, ἡ, righteousness, justice, LXX+6th c.BC+; δ. δικαστική legal justice, Refs 4th c.BC+; opposed to ἐπιείκεια, Refs __2 fulfilment of the Law, LXX+NT __II justice, the business of a judge, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III Δ., personified, Refs __IV Refs 4th c.BC+ name for four, Refs __V δικαιοσύνη· ἡ χοῖνιξ, μυστικῶς, Refs 5th c.AD+

תָּמִים91 adj. complete, sound;—ת׳ Gn 6:9 +; f. תְּמִימָה Lv 3:9 +; cstr. תְּמִים Jb 36:4; 37:16; pl. תְּמִימִים Ez 43:25 +; תְּמִימֹת Lv 23:15; cstr. תְּמִימֵי ψ 119:1 Pr 11:20;— †1. complete, whole, entire, Jb 36:4 תְּמִים דֵעוֹת, 37:16. 2. whole, sound, healthful, of men Pr 1:12 (‖ חַיִּים); vine Ez 15:5; usually of sacrif. animals, P; Ex 12:5 + 40 times, so Ez 43:22 + 10 times †3. complete, entire, of time: day Jos 10:13; year Lv 25:30; sabbaths 23:15. †4. sound, wholesome, unimpaired, innocent, having integrity: of God’s way ψ 18:31 = 2 S 22:31; work Dt 32:4; law ψ 19:8; elsewhere of man Gn 6:9 17:1 (P; both ‖ אלהים (לִפְנֵי) הִתְהַלֵּךְ אֵת); ת׳ עם י׳ Dt 18:13 ψ 18:24, c. ל in ‖ 2 S 22:24; often c. דֶרֶךְ way: דֶּרֶךְ ת׳ ψ 101:2; ת׳ בִּדְרָכֶ֫יךָ Ez 28:15; תְּמִימֵי דָ֑רֶךְ Pr 11:20 ψ 119:1; וַיַּתֵּר ת׳ דרכו֯ 2 S 22:23 ‖ וַיִּתֵּן ת׳ דַּרְכִּי ψ 18:33; הלך בדרך ת׳ 101:6; דֶּרֶךְ om., הלך תמים, Pr 28:18 ψ 15:2; לב ת׳ 119:80; = noun (late), man of integrity Pr 11:5 Jb 12:4; pl. Pr 2:21; 28:10 ψ 37:18. †5. as neuter adj. = subst. what is complete, entirely in accord with truth and fact: דֹּבֵר ת׳ Am 5:10; אִם־בֶּאֱמֶת וּבְת׳ עֲשִׂיתֶם Ju 9:16, 19; עִבְדוּ י׳ בְּת׳ וּבֶאֱמֶת Jos 24:14 (E); integrity גְּבַר ת׳ ψ 18:26 (cstr. Ges§ 93 s; ‖ 2 S 22:26 גִּבּוֹר), 84:12; הֹלְכִים בְּת׳.—1 S 14:41 v. תֹּם²" dir="rtl" >תֹּם 4.

† III. טוֹב n.m. Je 17:6 (cf. טוֹבָה n.f.) a good thing, benefit, welfare;—ט׳ Gn 26:29 + 134 times;— 1. welfare, prosperity, happiness: ‖ שָׁלוֹם Is 52:7; Je 8:15; 14:19; אם טוב ואם רע 42:6 whether prosperity or adversity; יבוא טוב 17:6 prosperity cometh; שׂמח בט׳ Dt 26:11; 2 Ch 6:41; ראה בט׳ Ec 2:1; Je 29:32; obj. of ראה ψ 4:7; 34:13; Ec 2:24; 3:13; Jb 7:7; of דרשׁ Est 10:3; of בקשׁ ψ 122:9; מנע 84:12; Je 5:25; נתן ψ 85:13; קוה Jb 30:26; מצא Pr 16:20; 17:20; 18:22; 19:8; נחל Pr 28:10; חסר ψ 34:11; בשׂר 1 K 1:42; Is 52:7; חול לט׳ Mi 1:12; חכמה וט׳ 1 K 10:7; טוב וחסד ψ 23:6; בטוב in prosperity 25:13; Jb 21:13; 36:11; Ec 7:14; מטוב because of prosperity Zc 1:17; afar from happiness ψ 39:3; כטוב Ho 10:1; לטוב Dt 30:9; Je 15:11; לטוב לָנוּ Dt 6:24 for good to us, = for our good, 10:13 (לְךָ), Je 32:39 (לָהֶם; cf. לרע ל Je 7:6; 25:7) 2. good things, (coll.) ברך(ו)ת ט׳ blessing of good things ψ 21:4 Pr 24:25; מִלֵּא בָתֵּיהֶם ט׳ Jb 22:18 filled their houses with good things; obj. of שׂבע ψ 104:28 Pr 12:14; מלא ψ 107:9; אכל Pr 13:2 Is 55:2; לקח Ho 14:3; השׂביע בט׳ ψ 103:5; goods, possessions 1 S 15:9. 3. good = benefit: גְּמָלַתְהוּ טוֹב וְלֹא־רָע Pr 31:12 she doeth him good and not evil; תַּאֲוַת צַדִּיקִים אַךְ־טוֹב Pr 11:23 the desire of the righteous is only good; obj. of קבּל Jb 2:10; מנע Pr 3:27; שׁחר 11:27; שׁלּם 13:21; עשׂה Gn 26:29 (J), ψ 119:65; היטיב Nu 10:32 (J); ערב לט׳ ψ 119:122; חֹרְשֵׁי ט׳ Pr 14:22 who devise good. 4. moral good, ידע טוב ורע Gn 2:9, 17; 3:5, 22 (J), Dt 1:39; בין טוב לרע 2 S 19:36; in antithesis with רע elsewhere Dt 30:15; 2 S 14:17; 1 K 3:9; Is 5:20(×2); 7:15, 16 Am 5:14, 15 Mi 3:2 ψ 34:15; 37:27; 52:5; זנח ט׳ Ho 8:3 cast off good; עשׂה ט��ֹב do good ψ 14:1, 3 = 53:2, 4, 37:3; Ec 7:20, in 3:12 this meaning seems less fitting; read perh. לִרְאוֹת ט׳ (Gr, v. also De) and tr. to 1; רדף ט׳ ψ 38:21 pursue good; מַעְגַּל־ט׳ Pr 2:9 path of good.

[קָלַל82] vb. be slight, swift, trifling (prob. orig. be light; NH [קָלַל], קַל, קִלֵּל = BH; Assyrian ḳalálu ii. despise, dishonour; so Tel Am (appar. Canaanism); Arabic قَلَ�� be small, scanty; Sab. קללם scanty Hal 143, 8 f. (cf. FellZMG liv (1900), 246); Ethiopic ቀለለ: be light, small, easy; ii. despise; 𝔗 קְלַל, Syriac ܩܰܠ, = BH; also (v. Pilp., etc.) Arabic قَلْقَلَ shake, ቈልቈለ: vibrate, whirl (of sword), ቀልቀለ: v. be shaken;—SchwallyZAW xi (1891), 170 ff. thinks shake original, v. מַקֵּל);— †Qal Pf. 2 ms. קַלּוֹתָ Na 1:14; 1 s. קַלֹּתִי Jb 40:4; 3 pl. קַלּוּ Gn 8:11 +; Impf. 3 fs. וַתֵּקַל 16:4; 1 s. וָאֵקֵל v 5; 3 mpl. יֵקָֽ֑לּוּ 1 S 2:30;— 1. be slight, of water, be abated, from off (מֵעַל) earth Gn 8:3, 11 (J). 2. be swift, c. מִן comp., of warriors 2 S 1:23, horses Je 4:13; Hb 1:8; one’s days Jb 7:6; 9:25. 3. trifling, i.e. of little account, of pers. Gn 16:4, 5 (J; both c. בְּעֵינֶיהָ); 1 S 2:30; Na 1:4; Jb 40:4. †Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נָקֵל (Ges§ 67 times) 2 K 20:10 +, וְנָקַל consec. 2 K 3:18; נָקָ֑ל Pr 14:6; 1 s. consec. וּנְקַלֹּתִי 2 S 6:22; Impf. 3 mpl. יִקַּ֫לּוּ Is 30:16; Pt. f. (עַל־)נְקַלָּה Je 6:14 + 2 times;— 1. shew oneself swift Is 30:16 (‖ עַל־קַל נִרְכָּ֑ב). 2. appear trifling, 1 S 18:23 (בְּעֵינֵיכֶם; Inf. subj., cf. Dr), c. מִן comp. be too trifling Is 49:6, especially of sin 1 K 16:31 (Inf. subj.), and (c. מִן comp.) Ez 8:17; easy 2 K 3:18 (בְּעֵנַי), 20:10 (c. Inf.), Pr 14:6; Pt. (as subst.) c. עַל in adv. phr. עַל־נְקַלָּה lightly i.e. superficially, Je 6:14; 8:11. 3. be lightly esteemed 2 S 6:22 (‖ שָׁפָל; opp. אִכָּכֵ֑דָה). Pi.40 Pf. 3 ms. קִלֵּל 2 S 19:22 +, etc.; Impf. יְקַלֵּל Lv 20:9 +, etc.; Imv. ms. קַלֵּל 2 S 16:10; Inf. cstr. קַלֵּל Gn 8:21 Jos 24:9, etc.; Pt. מְקַלֵּל Ex 21:17 +; sf. כֻּלֹּה מקללוני Je 15:10, read מְקַלְלַוְנִי! (Baer); err. for כֻּלְּהֶם קִלְלוּנִי JDMich Gf Gie Du al., etc.;—curse (prop. make contemptible): 1. c. acc. pers. homin. Ex 21:17 (E), Gn 12:3 (J), Lv 19:14 (H), Ju 9:27; 2 S 16:9 + 16 times; קִלְלַנִי קְלָלָה 1 K 2:8; obj. om. 2 S 16:5, 7, 10, 11, 13 ψ 62:5; 109:28 (opp. בֵּרַךְ); acc. pers. + ב of oath 1 S 17:43; 2 K 2:24; c. ב of oath alone Is 8:21. 2. c. acc. dei Ex 22:27 (E), Lv 24:15 (H), 1 S 3:13 (reading אֱלֹהִים for לָהֶם, 𝔊 Comm.), + (obj. om.) Lv 24:11, 14, 23. 3. c. acc. rei Gn 8:21 (י׳ subj.), Jb 3:1. †Pu. Impf. 3 ms. יְקֻלָּ֑ל Is 65:20 be cursed by death; 3 fs. תְּקֻלַּל Jb 24:18 their portion is cursed; Pt. pl. sf. מְקֻלָּלָיו ψ 37:22 those cursed by him (opp. מְבֹרָכָיו). †Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֵקַל Is 8:23; 2 ms. sf. הֱקִלֹּתַנִי 2 S 19:44 (van d. H. הֲ-); 3 pl. הֵקַלּוּ Ez 22:7; Impf. 3 ms. יָקֵל 1 S 6:5; Imv. ms. הָקֵל Ex 18:22 +; Inf. cstr. id., Is 23:9 Jon 1:5;— 1. make light, lighten, יָקֵל אֶת־יָדוֹ מֵעֲלֵיכֶם 1 S 6:5 he will lighten his hand from upon you; c. מֵעַל pers. alone, make light from upon one, lighten one’s burden Ex 18:22 (E), Jon 1:5; 1 K 12:10 = 2 Ch 10:10; + מִן partit. 1 K 12:4, 9 = 2 Ch 10:4, 9. 2. treat with contempt, acc. pers. 2 S 19:44; Is 23:9; Ez 22:7; dir. caus. bring contempt, dishonour Is 8:23 (opp. הִכְבִּיד). †Pilp. Pf. 3 ms. 1. shake קִלְקַל בַּחִצִּים Ez 21:26 (in divination). 2. (peculiarly) whet Ec 10:10 (proposes move quickly to and fro). †Hithpalp. reflex. of 1: Pf. 3 pl. הִתְקַלְקָ֑לוּ Je 4:24 hills shook themselves, shook.

δίκαιος [ῐ], α, ον, also ος, ον Refs 5th c.BC+: (δίκη): __A in Refs 8th c.BC+ and all writers, of persons, observant of custom or rule, Refs 8th c.BC+; especially of social rule, well-ordered, civilized, ὑβρισταί τε καὶ ἄγριοι οὐδὲ δ. Refs 8th c.BC+; δ. πολίτης a good citizen, Refs 4th c.BC+: metaphorically of the sea, Refs 6th c.BC+; δικαίη ζόη a civilized way of living, Refs 5th c.BC+ adverb δικαίως, μνᾶσθαι woo in due form, decently, Refs 8th c.BC+loyally, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.2 observant of duty to gods and men, righteous, Refs 8th c.BC+; opposed to δυσσεβής, Refs 5th c.BC+; also of actions, etc., righteous, ἐπὶ ῥηθέντι δικαίῳ a thing rightly said, Refs 8th c.BC+ __A.3 ὁ δίκαιος, euphemistic of a sacred snake, Refs __B later: __B.I equal, even, well-balanced, ἅρμα δίκαιον evengoing chariot, Refs 5th c.BC+; δικαιότατα μοχλεύειν Refsfair, impartial, βάσανος Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.b legally exact, precise, τῷ δικαιοτάτῳ τῶν λόγων to speak quite exactly, Refs 5th c.BC+; of Numbers, αἱ ἑκατὸν ὀργυιαὶ δίκαιαι Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb -αίως, πάντα δ. ὑμῖν τετήρηται Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.I.2 lawful, just, especially τὸ δ. right, opposed to τὸ ἄδικον, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ πολιτικὸν δ.Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὐμὸν δ. my own right, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐλθεῖν ἐπὶ τοῦτο τὸ δ. bring the case to this issue, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐδὲν τῶν δ. ποιεῖν τινί not to do what is just and right by a man, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ δ. ἔχειν, λαμβάνειν, receive one's due, Refs; τὰ δ. πράττεσθαι πόλιν give a city its deserts, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐκ τοῦ δικαίου, ={δικαίως}, Refs 5th c.BC+; so ἀπὸ τοῦ δικαίου, τῶν δικαίων, Refs 2nd c.BC+; μετὰ τοῦ δ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ δίκαιον lawful claim, ἃ ἔχομεν δίκαια πρός.. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ πρὸς ἀλλήλους δ. mutual obligations or contracts, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐπὶ συγκειμένοις τισὶ δικαίοις on certain agreed terms, Refs 1st c.BC+. adverb -αίως rightly, justly, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II of persons and things, meet and right, fitting, δ. τοῦδε τοῦ φόνου ῥαφεύς Refs 4th c.BC+; ἵππον δ. ποιεῖσθαί τινι make a horse fit for another's use, Refs 5th c.BC+ having a good mouth, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __B.II.b normal, σχήματα Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.2 real, genuine, γόνος Refs 5th c.BC+ adverb, εἴπερ δικαίως ἐστ᾽ ἐμός really and truly mine, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.3 ὁ δ. λόγος the plea of equity, Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb -αίως with reason, Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative -ότερονRefs 5th c.BC+ also -οτέρως Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative -όταταRefs 5th c.BC+; Aeolic dialect δικαίτατα Refs __B.III ψυχὴ ἐς τὸ δ. ἔβη 'the land of the leal', Refs __C in Prose, δίκαιός εἰμι, with infinitive, δίκαιοί ἐστε ἰέναι you are bound to come, Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. εἰμι κολάζειν I have a right to punish, Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. εἰσι ἀπιστότατοι εἶναι they have most reason to distrust, Refs 5th c.BC+dignus est qui pereat, Refs 4th c.BC+; ὁ σπουδαῖος ἄρχειν δ. has a right to.., Refs 4th c.BC+; with a non-personal subject, ἔλεος δ. ἀντιδίδοσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+: less frequently in comparative and superlative, δικαιότεροι χαρίσασθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; but δίκαιόν ἐστι is also found, Refs 5th c.BC+; δικαίως ἄν, with optative, Refs 5th c.BC+ with penultimate short in Refs 5th c.AD+; compare οὐ δίκαον· οὐ δίκαιον, Refs 5th c.AD+

πονηρός, ά, όν, in physical sense, oppressed by toils, πονηρότατος καὶ ἄριστος, of Heracles, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 of things, toilsome, painful, grievous, ἔργα Refs 8th c.BC+ __II in bad case, in sorry plight, useless, good-for-nothing, σύμμαχοιRefs 5th c.BC+; κύων, ἱππάριον, Refs 5th c.BC+; δίαιτα, τροφή, σιτία, injurious, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. σῶμα, opposed to χρηστόν, Refs; π. σκώμματα sorry jests, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. πράγματα a bad state of things, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. ἀρχὴ τῆς παιδείας a bad beginning, Refs 5th c.BC+ adverb, -ρῶς ἔχειν to be in bad case, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. διακεῖσθαι, διατεθῆναι, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III in moral sense, worthless, knavish, φήμη, βίος, ζόη, Refs 5th c.BC+; πονηρὸς.. κἀκ πονηρῶν rogue and son of rogues, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὦ πόνῳ πονηρέ in a comic jingle, Refs; π. πόρρω τέχνης past master in knavery, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. [ῥῆμα] malicious, NTwickednesses, LXX+5th c.BC+; δόλῳ πονηρῷ, Latin dolo malo, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ὁ π. the evil one, NT+4th c.AD+ __III.2 base, cowardly, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. χρώματα, i.e. the coward's hue, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.3 with a political connotation, of the baser sort, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to καλοὶ κἀγαθοί, Refs 5th c.BC+ —On the variation of accent, πονηρός and πόνηρος, see at {μοχθηρός} near the end

אָ֫וֶן85 n.m. Jb 5:6 trouble, sorrow, wickedness—abs. Nu 23:21 +; sf. אוֹנִי Gn 35:18 etc.; pl. אוֹנִים Ho 9:4— 1. trouble, sorrow בֶּן־אוֹנִי son of my trouble or sorrow Gn 35:18 (E); לֹא הִבִּיט אָוֶן בְּיַעֲקֹב Nu 23:21 (song of Balaam), he doth not behold trouble in Jacob (‖ he doth not see mischief— עָמָל—in Isr.); often ‖ עָמָל, ψ 7:15 (הִנֵּה יְחַבֶּל־אָוֶן lo he travaileth with trouble ‖ וְהָרָה עָמָל וְיָלַד שָׁ֑קֶר, yea he hath conceived misery & brought forth a lie), prob. thence Jb 15:35 (הָרֹה עָמָל וְיָלֹד אָוֶן) = Is 59:4; cf. עָמָל וָאָוֶן ψ 10:7; 55:11; 90:10; Jb 4:8; 5:6 Is 10:1 (v. עָמָל); also זוֹרֵעַ עַוְלָה יִקְצָר־אָוֶן Pr 22:8 the sower of iniquity shall reap trouble; in this sense elsewhere only Dt 26:14 Pr 12:21 Je 4:15 Hb 3:7 Am 5:5, pl. intens. לֶחֶם אוֹנִים bread of trouble, sorrow, or mourning Ho 9:4. 2. idolatry Ho 12:12; אָוֶן וּתְרָפִים הַפְצַ֑ר stubbornness is idolatry & (the use of) teraphim 1 S 15:23 (poet. source); בֵּית אָוֶן Ho 4:15 (for בֵּית אֵל because Bethel, house of God, is given over to idolatry) so also 5:8; 10:5 cf. בָּמוֹת א׳ Ho 10:8; בִּקְעַת א׳ Am 1:5 (Baalbek); בַּחוּרֵי א׳ read אוֹן, אֹן = On, Heliopolis Ez 30:17;—abstr. for concr. = idols Is 41:29; 66:3. 3. trouble of iniquity, wickedness, מְתֵי אָוֶן Jb 22:15; אַנְשֵׁי א׳ 34:36 = men of trouble, troublers, wicked men; cf. אִישׁ" dir="rtl" >אִישׁ א׳ Pr 6:12; Is 55:7; פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן workers of trouble, evil-doers, workers of iniquity Jb 31:3; 34:8, 22 ψ 5:6 + (16 times chiefly late ψ) Pr 10:29; 21:15 Is 31:2 Ho 6:8; מַחְשְׁבוֹת אָוֶן thoughts of trouble, wicked imaginations Pr 6:18 Is 59:7 Je 4:14; often of words & thoughts Jb 11:11 + (5 times) ψ 36:5 + (9 times) Pr 17:4; 19:28; 30:20 Is 29:20; 32:6; 58:9; 59:6 Ez 11:2 Mi 2:1 Hb 1:3 Zc 10:2; לֹא אוּכַל אָוֶן וַעֲצָרָה Is 1:13 I cannot bear iniquity with the solemn meeting (RV & most mod.; AV it is iniquity, even the solemn meeting).

† I. חָנַן vb. show favour, be gracious (NH id., Aramaic חֲנַן, ܚܰܢ; Arabic حَنَّ yearn towards, long for, be merciful, compassionate, favourable, inclined towards; Sab. חן in n.pr. חן מסבררהם DHMEpigr. Denkm. 40; Ph. חנן in חן favour, and n.pr. as אלחנן, חננבעל; Assyrian in deriv. annu, grace, favour, unninu, têninu nannu, id., LotzTP ZimBP 23, 66)— Qal Pf. חָנַן Gn 33:5; sf. חַנַּ֫נִי Gn 33:11; יְ֯חַנַּנִי 2 S 12:22; חַנֹּתִי Ex 33:19; חָנָ֑נוּ La 4:16; Impf. יֶחֱנַן Am 5:15; יָחֹן Dt 28:50; וַיָּ֫חָן 2 K 13:23; sf. יָחְנְךָ Gn 43:29 Is 30:19; וִיחֻנֶּךָּ Nu 6:25; יְחֻנֶּנּוּ Is 27:11 Jb 33:24; יְחָנֵּנוּ ψ 67:2; 123:2 Mal 1:9; תָּחֹן ψ 59:6; sf. תְּחָנֵּם Dt 7:2; אָחֹן Ex 33:19; Imv. sf. חָנֵּנִי ψ 4:2 + 17 times ψψ; חָנְנֵנִי ψ 9:14 (Baer pts. חַנְנֵנִי); חָנֵּנוּ Is 33:2 ψ 123:3(×2); חָנּוּנוּ Ju 21:22; חָנֻּנִי Jb 19:21(×2); Inf. abs. חָנוֹן Is 30:19; cstr. חַנּוֹת ψ 77:10; חֶנְנָהּ ψ 102:14; חֲנַנְכֶם Is 30:18; Pt. חֹנֵן Pr 14:31; חוֹנֵן ψ 37:21 + 5 times ψψ Pr.—favour, shew favour; 1. of man: a. Ju 21:22 favour us with them (2 acc.; i.e. by giving them to us). b. in dealing with the poor, needy, and orphans, abs. ψ 37:21, 26 = 112:5; c. acc. Pr 14:31; 19:17; 28:8; c. לְ ψ 109:12. c. by considering and sparing, c. acc. Dt 7:2; 28:50; La 4:16; Jb 19:21(×2). 2. of God, a. in the bestowal of favours, with acc. Gn 33:11 (E), 43:29 (J), Nu 6:25 (P), 2 S 12:22; double acc. Gn 33:5 (E), תּוֹרָֽתְךָ חָנֵּנִי be gracious unto me (in giving) thy law ψ 119:29. b. usually in the bestowal of redemption from enemies, evils, and sins; abs. ψ 77:10, elsewhere c. acc. Ex 33:19(×2) (JE), Am 5:15; 2 K 13:23; Is 27:11; 30:18, 19(×2); 33:2; Mal 1:9 ψ 4:2; 6:3; 9:14; 25:16; 26:11; 27:7; 30:11; 31:10; 41:5, 11; 51:3; 56:2; 57:2(×2); 59:6; 67:2; 86:3, 16; 102:14; 119:58, 132; 123:2, 3(×2) Jb 33:24.—Jb 19:17 v. חָנַן²" dir="rtl" >II. חנן. Niph. Pf. 2 fs. נֵחַנְתְּ Je 22:23 be pitied (cf. נֵאַר √ ארר) but 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 express groan (i.e. נֶאֱנַחְתְּ), which is favoured by context, and adopted by Hi Ew Gf Gie al. Pi. Impf. 3 ms. make gracious, favourable כִּי־יְחַנֵּן קוֹלוֹ Pr 26:25. Poʿel Impf. 3 ms. direct favour to (Ges§ 55, 1) וְאֶת־עֲפָרָהּ יְחֹנֵנוּ ψ 102:15; Pt. מְחוֹנֵן עֲנָיִ֯ם Pr 14:21. Hoph. Impf. יֻחַן be shewn favour, consideration Is 26:10; Pr 21:10. Hithp. Pf. 2 ms. הִתְחַנַּנְתָּה 1 K 9:3 + 5 times Pf.; Impf. וַיִּתְחַנֵּן 2 K 1:13; וַתִּתְחַנֶּן־ Est 8:3; אֶתְחַנָּ֑ן ψ 30:9 + etc. + 6 times Impf.; Inf. לְהִתְחַנֶּן־ Est 4:8; בְּהִתְחַנְנוֹ Gn 42:21—seek or implore favour: 1. of man, with אֶל Gn 42:21 (E) 2 K 1:13; with לְ Jb 19:16; Est 4:8; 8:3. 2. of God, with אֶל־ Dt 3:23 1 K 8:33, 47 = 2 Ch 6:37, Jb 8:5 ψ 30:9; 142:2; with לְ Ho 12:5; Jb 9:15; with לפני 1 K 8:59; 9:3; 2 Ch 6:24.

† I. חֵן n.m. ψ 45:3 favour, grace;—ח׳ Gn 6:8 + 67 times; sf. חִנּוֹ Gn 39:21;— 1. favour, grace, elegance: a. of form and appearance, of a woman ‖ יֹ֑פִי Pr 31:30; אֵשֶׁת חֵן Pr 11:16; זונה טובת חן Na 3:4; of a doe Pr 5:19; precious stone אבן חן Pr 17:8; of ornaments Pr 1:9 = 4:9, 3:22. b. of speech, lips ψ 45:3 Pr 22:11; words Ec 10:12. 2. favour, acceptance: a. with men Pr 13:15; 22:1; Ec 9:11. b. with God Zc 4:7(×2); 12:10; chiefly in phrases: מצא חן בעיני find favour in the eyes of: (1) men Gn 30:27; 32:6; 33:8, 10, 15; 34:11; 39:4; 47:25, 29; 50:4 Nu 32:5 (all J); Dt 24:1; Ru 2:2, 10, 13; 1 S 1:18; 16:22; 20:3, 29; 25:8; 27:5; 2 S 14:22; 16:4; 1 K 11:19; Est 5:8; 7:3; (2) of God Gn 6:8; 18:3; 19:19; Ex 33:12, 13(×2), 16, 17; 34:9 Nu 11:11, 15 (all J); Ju 6:17; 2 S 15:25; Pr 3:4; abs. מצא חן (with man) Pr 28:23; (with God) Je 31:2; מצא חן לפניו Est 8:5 (i.e. of the king); נתן חן בעיני give favour in the eyes of (1) man Gn 39:21; Ex 3:21; 11:3; 12:36 (J); abs. נתן חן of man ψ 84:12; (2) of God Pr 3:34; נשׂא חֵן בְּעֵינֵי obtain favour in the eyes of Est 2:15; of the king 5:2; so וַתִּשָּׂא־חֵן וָחֶסֶד לְפָנָיו Est 2:17.

† טוֹבָה n.f. welfare, benefit, good things, good;—abs. ט׳ Dt 28:11 + 54 times; cstr. טוֹבַת ψ 106:5; sf. טוֹבָתִי ψ 16:2 etc. + 4 times sfs.; pl. טוֹבוֹת Je 12:6; טֹבוֹת 2 K 25:28; Je 52:32; sf. טוֹבֹתָיו Ne 6:19;— 1. welfare, prosperity, happiness: ‖ שׁלום Dt 23:7; Je 33:9; Ezr 9:12; La 3:17; יוֹם טובה Ec 7:14 day of prosperity; טוֹבָתִי בַּל־עָלֶיךָ ψ 16:2 is not my welfare dependent upon thee? תְּבוֹאָֽתְךָ ט׳ Jb 22:21 prosperity shall come to thee; לטובה Gn 50:20 (E), Dt 28:11; 30:9; 2 Ch 18:7 Je 14:11; לרעה ולא לטובה Am 9:4; Je 21:10; 39:16; 44:27; obj. of vb. בקּשׁ Ne 2:10; הביא Je 32:42; ראה Jb 9:25; Ec 5:17; 6:6; אבּד Ec 9:18; ראה בט׳ ψ 106:5; חסר מט׳ Ec 4:8; obj. of אכל fig. Jb 21:25 = taste happiness; of שׂבע Ec 6:3; after נחם על Je 18:10. 2. good things (coll.): a. of good words, obj. of דבּר 1 S 25:30 2 S 7:28 = 1 Ch 17:26, Je 18:20; pl. דבּר טובות Je 12:6; 52:32 = 2 K 25:28. b. of material possessions ברבות הט׳ Ec 5:10 when good things increase. 3. bounty, good שְׁנַת טוֹבָחֶ֑ךָ ψ 65:12 year of thy bounty (harvest bestowed by God), so also טובתך ψ 68:11; עשׂה (ה)ט׳ Ex 18:9 (E), Nu 24:13 (JE), Ju 8:35; 9:16 1 S 24:19; 2 S 2:6; 1 K 8:66 = 2 Ch 7:10, 2 Ch 24:16; Je 33:9; obj. of גמל 1 S 24:18; שׁלּם 1 S 24:20; רעה תחת טובה Gn 44:4 (J), 1 S 25:21 ψ 35:12; 38:21; 109:5 Pr 17:13; Je 18:20; ט׳ תחת קללה 2 S 16:12; זכר לי לט׳ remember it for me for good Ne 5:19; 13:31; לטובה Ezr 8:22; Ne 2:18; Je 24:5, 6 ψ 86:17; pl. טוֹבֹתָיו Ne 6:19 his benefits (i.e. good deeds of Tobiah).

† [תָּמַם], תַּם vb. be complete, finished (Arabic تَمَّ id., Ph. תם, Syriac ܬܰܡ der. spec. and deriv.; cf. NH = BH (rare), Aramaic תְּמִימָא, ܬܰܡܺܝܡܳܐ perfect);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. תַּם Gn 47:18 + 3 times (+ Qr מֵאֵשׁ֯ תַּם Je 6:29); 3 pl. תַּמּוּ Dt 2:16 +; תָּ֑מּוּ 2 K 7:13; 1 pl. תַּמְנוּ (Ges§ 67 dd) Nu 17:28 ψ 64:7; תָּ֑מְנוּ Je 44:18; (La 3:22 read תַּמּוּ 𝔗 𝔖 Ew Löhr Bu); Impf. 3 ms. יִתֹּם (Ges§ 67g) Gn 47:15; Ez 47:12; 3 fs. תִּתֻּם Ez 24:11 (Ges§ 67q; del. Co), תִּתֹּם Gn 47:18 1 K 7:22; 1 s. אֵיתָ֑ם ψ 19:14; 3 mpl. יִתַּ֫מּוּ Nu 14:35 +, וַיִּתְּמוּ Dt 34:8; Inf. cstr. תֹּם Lv 25:29 + 10 times; תָּם־ Is 18:5; sf. תֻּמִּי Je 27:8 + 7 times sf.;— 1. be finished, completed; the writing of words Dt 31:24, 30 (v. Dr.; J), Jb 31:40; building of temple 1 K 6:22, cf. 7:22; fulfilled, י׳’s command (by obedience) Jos 4:10 (E); as auxil. + vb. fin. = completely, wholly, entirely, תַּמּוּ נִבְרָ֑תוּ Jos 3:16 (E) were wholly cut off; סָפוּ תַמּוּ ψ 73:19 entirely consumed; sq. ל inf.: תַּמּוּ לעבור were finished in regard to, etc., i.e. were entirely passed over Jos 3:17; 4:1, 11 (JE) 2 S 15:24; להמּול Jos 5:8 (E) entirely circumcised, Nu 17:28. 2. be finished, come to an end, cease: the year, Gn 47:18 (J), Lv 25:29 (P), Je 1:3; the years of י׳ have no end ψ 102:28; days of weeping Dt 34:8 (P), cf. La 4:22; also Is 18:5; La 3:22. 3. be complete, of number, 1 S 16:11. 4. be consumed, exhausted, spent: silver Gn 47:15, 18 (J); strength Lv 26:20 (H); lead Je 6:29 (Qr); bread 37:21; fruit Ez 47:12; rust 24:11. 5. be finished, consumed, destroyed: people Nu 14:33 (J), v 35 17:28 (P; ‖ מות), 32:13 (J), Jos 8:24; 10:20 (JE), Dt 2:14, 15, 16; Jos 5:6 (D), 1 K 14:10; 2 K 7:13; Is 16:4; Je 14:15; 24:10; 27:8; 36:23; 44:12(×2), 18, 27 ψ 9:7 (but read דַּמּוּ), 104:35. 6. be complete, sound, unimpaired, ethically, ψ 19:14 (‖ נִקָּה; late). 7. twice, very strangely, si vera l., trans.: ψ 64:7 תמנו we have completed (read prob. הֲתִמֹּנוּ); Je 27:8 עַד־תֻּמִּי אֹתָם בְּיָדוֹ (read with Gr תִּתִּי). Hiph. Pf. 1 s. הֲתִמֹּ֫תִי Ez 22:15; 3 mpl. הֵחַ֫מּוּ 2 S 20:18; Impf. יַתֵּם 2 K 22:4; 2 ms. תַּתֵּם Jb 22:3 (Ges§ 67 y); Inf. abs. הָתֵם Ez 24:10; cstr., id., Dn 8:23 + 9:24 Qr (v. Dr.); sf. הֲתִֽמְךָ (Ges§ 67 v) Is 33:1;— 1. finish, complete, perfect, a matter 2 S 20:18 (but Qal, come to an end, c. ה interrog., We Dr al.); flesh in cooking Ez 24:10. 2. finish, cease doing a thing, sq. pt. (Ges§ 120 b), שׁוֹדֵד Is 33:1. 3. complete, sum up, c. acc. money 2 K 22:4 (other conj. Klo Gr Gi); transgressors Dn 8:23; sin 9:24 (Qr; Kt חתם). 4. destroy uncleanness, c. מן from, Ez 22:15. 5. causative (of Qal 6): acc. דרכיך Jb 22:3 make sound thy ways. Hithp. Impf. 2 ms. תִּתַּמָּם 2 S 22:26, c. עִם deal integrity with = ψ18:26 (late, v. Qal 6).

† רָצוֹן n.[m.] goodwill, favour, acceptance, will;—abs. ר׳ Dt 33:23 +; cstr. רְצוֹן ψ 145:19 +; sf. רְצוֹנִי Is 60:10, רְצֹנוֹ Dn 8:4 +, etc.;— 1. goodwill, favour: a. of God, Dt 33:16; Is 60:10 ψ 5:13; 30:6, 8; 51:20; 89:18; 106:4; Pr 8:35; 12:2; 18:22; עֵת ר׳ Is 49:8 ψ 69:14; יוֹם ר׳ Is 58:5; שְׁנַת־ר׳ Is 61:2; ‖ בְּרָכָה Dt 33:23; opp. תּוֹעֵכָה Pr 11:1, 20; 12:22; 15:8. b. of men: in gen. Pr 10:32; 11:27; 14:9; of kings v 35 16:13, 15; 19:12. 2. acceptance, of persons, offering sacrifice, לרצון לפני יהוה Ex 28:38 (P); c. ל pers. for acceptance for him before י׳; c. sf. pers. לרצנוֹ Lv 1:3; abbrev. לְרָצוֹן לָכֶם 22:20, לרצנכם 19:5; 22:19, 29; 23:11, לרצון 22:21 Is 56:7; Je 6:20 ψ 19:15 (of words; cf. Ho 14:3); על רצון Is 60:7 (read לְ, so Codd., v. Gi, also Du), רצון Mal 2:13. 3. will, desire, pleasure: a. of God, עשׂה ר׳ do his will Ezr 10:11 ψ 40:9; 103:21; 143:10. b. of man, עשׂה כרצונוֹ do according to his will, exactly as he pleased, Dn 8:4; 11:3, 16, 36; Ne 9:24; Est 1:8; 9:5, cf. Ne 9:37; desire ψ 145:16, 19 2 Ch 15:15; = self-will Gn 49:6 (poem).

κᾰκός, ή, όν, __A bad: __A.I of persons, __A.I.1 of appearance, ugly, εἶδος μὲν ἔην κακός Refs 8th c.BC+ __A.I.2 of birth, ill-born, mean, γένος ἐστὲ διοτρεφέων βασιλήων.., ἐπεὶ οὔ κε κακοὶ τοιούσδε τέκοιεν Refs 8th c.BC+ __A.I.3 of courage, craven, base, Refs 8th c.BC+; Ἕκτωρ σε κ. καὶ ἀνάλκιδα φήσει Refs 8th c.BC+; οὐδαμῶν κακίονεςRefs 5th c.BC+ __A.I.4 bad of his kind, i. e. worthless, sorry, unskilled, ἡνίοχοι Refs 8th c.BC+; [τοξότης] ἢ κ. ἢ ἀγαθόςRefs 8th c.BC+; κ. ἀλήτης a bad beggar,Refs 4th c.BC+; κυβερνήτης, ναύτης, Refs 5th c.BC+ I am not bad in all things, Refs 8th c.BC+: with infinitive, κ. μανθάνειν Refs; [νῆσος] φυτεύεσθαι κακή Refs; compare 11. __A.I.5 in moral sense, base, evil, Refs 8th c.BC+; opposed to Χρηστός, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.I.6 wretched, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __A.II of things, evil, pernicious, frequently in Refs 8th c.BC+; Χόλος, ἔρις, Refs 8th c.BC+; πόλεμος, ἔπος, ἔργα, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἦμαρ, ἄνεμος, Refs 8th c.BC+; of omens and the like, unlucky, ὄρνις, ὄναρ, σῆμα, Refs 8th c.BC+; of words, abusive, foul, κ. λόγοι Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. ποιμήν, i.e. the storm, Refs 4th c.BC+: Astrology texts, unlucky, τόποι Refs 4th c.AD+; κ. τύχη, name for the sixth region, Refs 4th c.AD+ __B κακόν, τό, and κακά, τά, as substantive, evil, ill, δίδου δ᾽ ἀγαθόν τε κακόν τε Refs 8th c.BC+; so κ. ἄμαχον, ἄπρηκτα, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔκπαγλον, ἄφερτον, ἀμήχανον, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; κακὸν ἥκει τινί there's trouble in store for some one, Refs 5th c.BC+; δυοῖν ἀποκρίνας κακοῖν the least of two evils, Refs 5th c.BC+; κακῶν Ἰλιάς, see at {Ἰλιά; κακόν τι ῥέξαι τινά} to do harm or ill to any one, Refs 8th c.BC+; κακὰ φέρειν, τεύχειν τινί, Refs 8th c.BC+; κακόν τι (or κακὰ) ποιεῖν τινα (see. δράω, ποιέω, ἐργάζομαι); κακὸν πάσχειν ὑπό τινος to suffer evil from one, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.2 κακά, τά, evil words, reproaches, πολλά τε καὶ κακὰ λέγειν Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.3 Philos., κακόν, τό, Evil, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __B.4 of a person, pest, nuisance, τουτὶ παρέξει τὸ κ. ἡμῖν πράγματα Refs 5th c.BC+; also, comically, ὅσον συνείλεκται κακὸν ὀρνέων what a devil of a lot of birds, Refs __C degrees of Comparison: __C.1 regular comparative in Epic dialect, κακώτερος Refs 8th c.BC+: also in late Prose, Refs 4th c.AD+: irregular κακίων, ον [with ῐ], Refs 8th c.BC+, with ῑ in Trag., except Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.2 superlative κάκιστος Refs 8th c.BC+ __D adverb κακῶς ill, ἢ εὖ ἦε κακῶς Refs 8th c.BC+; κακῶς ποιεῖν τινα to treat one ill; κακῶς ποιεῖν τι to hurt, damage a thing; κακῶς ποιεῖν τινά τι to do one any evil or harm; κ. πράσσειν to fare ill, Refs 5th c.BC+; of illness, NT+4th c.BC+; Χρῆν Κανδαύλῃ γενέσθαι κ. Refs 5th c.BC+; with play on two senses, ὡς κ. ἔχει ἅπας ἰατρός, ἂν κ. μηδεὶς ἔχῃ Refs 3rd c.BC+; κ. ἐρεῖν τινά, λέγειν τὴν πόλιν, Refs 6th c.BC+; κ. εἰδότες, ={ἀγνοοῦντες}, Refs 5th c.BC+; κακῶς ἐκπέφευγα I have barely escaped, Refs 4th c.BC+: comparative κάκιον Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative κάκιστα Refs 5th c.BC+ __D.2 adverb and adjective frequently coupled in Trag., Attic dialect, etc., κακὸν κακῶς νιν.. ἐκτρῖψαι βίον NT+5th c.BC+; in reversed order, ὥσπερ ἀξία κακῶς κακὴ θανεῖται Refs 5th c.BC+; with intervening words, κακῶς.. ἀπόλλυσθαι κακούς Refs 5th c.BC+. (Perh. cognate with Avest. kasu-, comparative kasyah-, superlative kasišta- 'small', Lithuanian nukašëti 'grow feeble, thin', Refs 1st c.BC+ hager.)

† [בָּגַד] vb. act or deal treacherously— Qal Pf. בָּֽגְדָה Je 3:20 + 14 times; Impf. יִבְגֹּד Mal 2:15 + 5 times; נִבְגַּד Mal 2:10; Inf. abs. בָּגוֹד Is 48:8; Je 5:11; cstr. בְּגֹד Is 33:1; בִּגְדוֹ Ex 21:8; Pt. בֹּגֵד Pr 22:12 + 11 times; בּוֹגֵד Is 33:1 + 10 times—act or deal treacherously, faithlessly, deceitfully, in the marriage relation, in matters of property or right, in covenants, in word and in general conduct. a. abs. 1 S 14:33; Jb 6:15 ψ 78:57; Is 24:16; 33:1(×2); 48:8 Mal 2:11. Cf. phrases אחי בגדו כמו נחל my brethren have dealt deceitfully as a brook Jb 6:15; בֹּגְדִים בָּגָ֑דוּ וּבֶגֶד בּוֹגְדִים בָּגָ֑דוּ the treacherous have dealt treacherously, yea in treachery have the treacherous dealt treacherously Is 24:16 (striking alliteration); בֹּגְדֵי אָוֶן treacherous in wickedness ψ 59:6. b. with בְּ Ex 21:8 (E), Ju 9:23; Is 33:1(×2) Je 3:20; 5:11; 12:6; La 1:2; Ho 5:7; 6:7; Mal 2:10, 14, 15, 16. c. c. acc. ψ 73:15. d. c. מִן pregnant, בָּֽגְדָה אִשָּׁה מֵרֵעָהּ acteth treacherously (in departing) from her friend Je 3:20. The ptcp. is used Pr 2:22 + 8 times, ψ 25:3; 59:6; 119:158 Is 21:2; 24:16(×2); 33:1 Je 3:8, 11; 9:1 Hb 1:13; 2:5; בֹּגְדֵי בָ֑גֶד dealers treacherously in treachery (very treacherously) Je 12:1.

ἁμαρτωλ-ός, όν, erroneous, ἁμαρτωλότερονRefs 4th c.BC+; erring, ἐν πᾶσινRefs 1st c.AD+ __2 of bad character, δοῦλοιRefs 1st c.BC+ W.: with genitive, sinning against, θεῶνRefs —ἁμαρτωλὴ γέρων, barbarism in Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb -ῶςRefs 5th c.BC+ __II substantive ἁμαρτωλός, ὁ, sinner, LXX+NT

† רָפָה vb. sink, relax (NH id., so Aramaic רפא (der. spec.), Zinj. רפה Aph., ܪܦܳܐ; Arabic رَفَاهَة an easy life is perhaps akin);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. Ju 19:9 (yet v. infr.); 3 fs. רָֽפְתָה Ju 8:3 Je 49:24, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְפֶּה Is 5:24, וַיִּ֫רֶף Ex 4:26 (v. infr.), etc.;— 1. sink down, of hay in flame Is 5:24; sink, decline, of day Ju 19:9 (si vera l.; 𝔊L κέκλικεν, GFM נָטָה [but how expl. the difficult רפה?]). Usually 2. sink, drop (of wings, v. Pi.), of hands, c. מִן Ne 6:9 their hands will drop from the work (in fear); elsewhere abs. fig. = lose heart, energy, 2 S 4:1; Is 13:7; Je 6:24; 50:43; Ez 7:17; 21:12; Zp 3:16; 2 Ch 15:7; יָדַיִם om. Je 49:24. 3. relax, abate, of temper Ju 8:3 (+ מֵעַל pers.). 4. relax, withdraw, subj. י׳, מִן pers. Ex 4:26 (J), i.e. let one alone (but read perhaps וַיֶּרֶף, v Hiph.). Niph. Pt. pl. נִרְפִּים idle Ex 5:18, 17 (J). Pi. Pf. 3 ms. רִפָּה Jb 12:21; Impf. 3 fpl.; תְּרַפֶּינָה Ez 1:24, 25; Pt. מְרַפֵּא (Ges§ 75 rr) Je 38:4; pl. מְרַפִּים Ezr 4:4;—causat.: let wings drop Ez 1:24, 25 (read Qal, כנפיהם subj., 𝔊 Co Toy Krae al., who del. in v 25); loosen and let drop, girdle of mighty, fig. for weaken them Jb 12:21; c. acc. hands, fig. for enfeeble, dishearten Je 38:4; Ezr 4:4. Hiph. Impf., 3 ms. sf. יַרְפְּךָ Dt 4:31 +; juss. 2 ms. תֶּ֫רֶף Jos 10:6 +, etc.; Imv. ms. הַרְפֵּה Ju 11:37; 2 K 4:27; הֶ֫רֶף Dt 9:14 +; mpl. הַרְפּוּ ψ 46:11;—causat., 1. let drop, the hand 2 S 24:16 = 1 Ch 21:15; fig., + מִן pers., = abandon, Jos 10:6 (JE); perhaps also (יָד om.) = relax, refrain Ex 4:26 (reading וַיֶּרֶף, v Qal.); acc. rei, = abandon, forsake, Ne 6:3, so (subj. י׳) ψ 138:8; subj. י׳, c. acc. pers., Dt 4:31; 31:6, 8; Jos 1:5 (D), 1 Ch 28:20. 2. let go, sf. pers., Ct 3:4 (opp. אחז); fig., acc. (om.) מוּסָר, Pr 4:13 (opp. החזיק), צְדָקָה Jb 27:6 (opp. id.). 3. refrain, c. מִן pers., = let one alone Ju 11:37; Dt 9:14, מִן of anger ψ 37:8; c. ל pers. 1 S 11:3; 2 K 4:27; acc. pers. Jb 7:19; abs. let alone, i.e. do nothing, be quiet, 1 S 15:16 ψ 46:11 (cf. Weir in Dr 18 15, 16).—Je 3:22; Jb 5:18 ψ 60:4 v. רָפָא" dir="rtl" >רָפָא. Hithp. Pf. 2 ms. הִתְרַפִּית Pr 24:10 hast shewn thyself slack; Pt. מִתְרַפֶּה 18:9 one shewing himself slack, pl. מִתְרַפִּים Jos 18:3.—Vid. also רָפָא" dir="rtl" >רָפָא heal.

† [נָקָה] vb. be empty (?), clean (Ecclus 16:11b Niph. Impf. ינקה be unpunished, so 40:15; 31:5 = Pr 28:20; NH Pi. = BH; Aramaic נְקָא Pa. = BH, adj. נְקֵא clean; Ph. נקי adj. pure; Palm. נקא be clean (perhaps) in n.pr. SachauZMG xxxv (1881), 735 Lzb325; Assyrian nâḳû, pour out, pour libation, make offering, nikû, libation, offering; Old Aramaic נקיה perhaps = נוּקָיָה libation (Lzb326), cf. Syriac ܢܽܘܩܳܝܳܐ Cook83; Syriac ܢܰܩܺܝ Pa. pour out, make a libation; 𝔗 נְקָא Pa. = cleanse (with lye) Is 1:25; adj. נְקֵא clean of bread or fruit Gn 40:16 𝔗J i, Dt 6:3 𝔗J ii, = exempt (BH נָקִי) 1 K 15:22. on the other hand, Arabic نَقِىَ purus, mundus fuit Kam. Frey; ii. cleanse, etc., Lane3037.—Orig. meaning prob. empty out, hence pour and be empty, clean);— Qal Inf. abs. נָקֹה Je 49:12 (נָקֹה תִּנָּקֶה, prob. error for הנקה ת׳, cf. Je 25:29). Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִקָּה Zc 5:3 + 5 times; f. נִקְּתָה Nu 5:28; נִקָּ֑תָה Is 3:26; 2 ms. נִקֵּיתָ Gn 24:8; 1 s. נִקֵּיתִי Ju 15:3 + 2 times; Impf. יִנָּקֶה Pr 6:29 + 6 times; 2 ms. תִּנָּקֶה Gn 24:41 + 2 times; pl. תִּנָּקוּ Je 25:29(×2); Imv. הִנָּקִי Nu 5:19; Inf. הִנָּקֵה Je 25:29;— 1. be cleaned out, of a plundered city Is 3:26; purged out, of liars and perjurers Zc 5:3(×2). 2. be clean, free from guilt, innocent, Je 2:35 c. מִן, מִפֶּשַׁע ψ 19:14; מֵעָוֹן Nu 5:31 (P); מִפְּלִשְׁתִּים from (at the hands of) the Philistines Ju 15:3. 3. be free, exempt from punishment, abs. Ex 21:19 (E) Nu 5:28 (P) 1 S 26:9; לֹא יִנָּקֶה Pr 6:29; 11:21; 16:5; 17:5; 19:5, 9; 28:20; Je 25:29(×3) 49:12b, נָקֹה תִּנָּקֶה v 12a. 4. free, exempt from obligation, c. מִן, from oaths Gn 24:8, 41 (J); מִמֵּי הַמָּרִים from effects of drinking the bitter water Nu 5:19 (P). Piel Pf. 1 s. נִקֵּיתִי Jo 4:21 (𝔊 𝔖 נִקַּמְתִּי; so Now SS Buhl); Impf. 3 ms. יְנַקֶּה Ex 20:7 + 2 times; יְנַקֵּ֑ה Nu 14:18 Na 1:3; 2 ms. sf. תְּנַקֵּנִי Jb 9:28; 10:14; תְּנַקֵּהוּ 1 K 2:9; 1 s. sf. אֲנַקֶּ֑ךָּ Je 30:11; 46:28; Imv. sf. נַקֵּנִי ψ 19:13; Inf. abs. נַקֵּה Ex 34:7 + 4 times;— 1. hold innocent, acquit, Jb 9:28; מֵעֲוֹנִי Jb 10:14; מִנִּסְתָּרוֹת ψ 19:13. 2. leave unpunished: of man, c. acc. 1 K 2:9; elsewhere of God: abs. נַקֵּה לֹא יְנַקֶּה Ex 34:7(×2) = Nu 14:18(×2) (all J) = Na 1:3(×2); c. acc. לֹא יְנַקֶּה Ex 20:7 = Dt 5:11; נַקֵּה לֹא אֲנַקֶּךָּ Je 30:11(×2) = 46:28(×2), cf. Jo 4:21(×2) (but v. supr.).

ἁμαρτάνω [ᾰμ.. ᾰν]: future ἁμαρτήσομαιRefs 8th c.BC+ later -ήσω NT+2nd c.AD+, (δι-) Refs 5th c.BC+, (ἐξ-) RefsAcut. (Sp.)Refsaorist 2 ἥμαρτονRefs 6th c.BC+, Attic dialect; Epic dialect ἤμβροτον, but only indicative; Aeolic dialect 3rd.pers.singular ἄμβροτεRefs 7th c.BC+, infinitive ἀμβρότηνRefs; optative ἁμάρτοιν (for ἁμάρτοιμι) Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist 1 ἡμάρτησαRefs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἡμάρτηκαRefs 5th c.BC+, Attic dialect:—passive, aorist ἡμαρτήθηνRefs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἡμάρτημαιRefs 5th c.BC+: pluperfect ἡμάρτητοRefs 5th c.BC+:—miss the mark, especially of spear thrown, absolutely, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἁ. τῆς ὁδοῦ miss road, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 generally, fail of one's purpose, go wrong, absolutely, Refs 8th c.BC+; μύθων ἡμάρτανε failed of good speech, Refs; γνώμης, ἐλπίδων, βουλήσεως ἁ., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἁ. τοῦ χρησμοῦ mistake it, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 fail of having, be deprived of, mostly with genitive, χειρῶν ἐξ Ὀδυσῆος ἁμαρτήσεσθαι ὀπωπῆς that I should lose my sight by Ulysses' hands, Refs 8th c.BC+ —once with _neuter_ adjective, οὐ γὰρ εἰκὸς.. ἐμὲ ὑμῶν ἁμαρτεῖν τοῦτό γ᾽ 'tis not seemly that I should ask this of you in vain, Refs 5th c.BC+; δυοῖν κακοῖν οὐκ ἦν ἁμαρτεῖν (i.e. either one or the other) Refs 5th c.BC+ —so μηδὲ δυοῖν φθάσαι ἁμάρτωσιν, ἢ.. ἢ.. fail to be before-hand in one of two things, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 rarely, fail to do, neglect, φίλων ἡμάρτανε δώρωνRefs 8th c.BC+ __II absolutely, do wrong, err, sin, Refs 8th c.BC+, etc.:—with participle, ἥμαρτε χρηστὰ μωμένηRefs 5th c.BC+adjective or pronoun, αὐτὸς ἐγὼ τόδε γ᾽ ἤμβροτον I erred in this, Refs 8th c.BC+ or τι do wrong in a matter, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἁ. εἴς τινα sin against.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπὶ τὴν ἔλλειψιν, ἐπὶ τὸ πλεῖον, LXX+5th c.BC+ __II.2 passive, ἡμαρτήθη ὁ ἐς Σικελίαν πλοῦςRefs 5th c.BC+perfect participle, τἀμὰ δ᾽ ἡμαρτημένα my plans are frustrate, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 ἁμαρτανόμενος, as adjective, wrong, mistaken, Refs 5th c.BC+; and of persons, ἡμαρτημένοι mistaken, Refs

† בָּזָה vb. despise (Pal. 𝔗 בְּזָא, cf. بَزَا raise the head loftily and disdainfully)— Qal Pf. Nu 15:31 +; ��ָּזִיתָ 2 S 12:9; sf. בְּזִתָ֑נִי 2 S 12:10, etc.; Impf. וַיִּ֫בֶז Gn 25:34 Est 3:6; sf. וַיִּבְזֵהוּ 1 S 17:42; 3 fs. וַתִּבֶז 2 S 6:16 1 Ch 15:29; 2 ms. תִּבְזֶה ψ 51:19; 73:20; וַיִּבְזוּ Ne 2:19; וַיִּבְזֻהוּ 1 S 10:27; Inf. cstr. בְּזֹה Is 49:7 (Di Ew§ 150 b); Pt. act. בּוֹזֶה Pr 15:20; 19:16; בּוֹזֵהוּ Pr 14:2; בּוֹזִים 2 Ch 36:16; בּוֹזֵי Mal 1:6; sf. בֹּזַי 1 S 2:30; pass. בָּזוּי Je 49:15 +; f. בְּזוּיָה Ec 9:16;—despise, regard with contempt, sq. acc. rei, birthright Gn 25:34 (J); words of י׳ Nu 15:31 (P; not elsewhere. in Hex); 2 S 12:9 cf. 2 Ch 36:16; name of י׳ Mal 1:6(×2) (cf. infr.); oath (אָלָ��) Ez 16:59; 17:16, 18, 19; holy things Ez 22:8; one’s own ways Pr 19:16 (i.e. is careless of them, lives recklessly, opp. שֹׁמֵר נַפְשׁוֹ, cf. נֹצֵר דַּרְכּוֹ 16:17); distress of the distressed ψ 22:25 (‖ שִׁקֵּץ, subj. י׳); prayer, subj. id. ψ 102:18; broken & contrite heart ψ 51:19 (c. לֹא), cf. on other hand 73:20; sq. acc. pers. Saul 1 S 10:27, David 17:42 cf. Pr 15:20, י׳ 1 S 2:30 2 S 12:10 Pr 14:2, his prisoners ψ 69:34 (subj. י׳); sq. לְ, וַתִּבֶז לוֹ בְּלִבָּהּ 2 S 6:16 = 1 Ch 15:29; sq. עַל pers. Ne 2:19; [2 K 19:21 = Is 37:22, בּוּז] sq. Inf. וַיִּבֶז בְּעֵינָיו לִשְׁלֹחַ יָד Est 3:6; בְּזֹה נֶפֶשׁ Is 49:7 a despising of soul, i.e. one despised from the soul, thoroughly despised; on otherviews v. Che Di. Pt. pass. despised, of pers. cstr. בְּזו��י עָם despised of people (‖ חֶרְפַּת אָדָם) ψ 22:7, cf. בָּזוּי בָאָדָם Je 49:15 also Ob v 2; of wisdom Ec 9:16. Niph. Pt. נִבְזֶה ψ 15:4 +; f. נִבְזָה 1 S 15:9 (so read for נמבזה cf. We Dr); pl. נִבְזִים Mal 2:9;— 1. despised ψ 15:4; 119:141 Is 53:3(×2) Je 22:28. 2. vile, worthless 1 S 15:9. 3. despicable, contemptible Mal 1:7 said of table of י׳, cf. v 12 2:9; Dn 11:21 as subst. of Antiochus Epiph. Hiph. Inf. לְהַבְזוֹת בַּעְלֵיהֶן Est 1:17 so as to cause to despise their lords (cause their lords to be despised).

† נָקִי adj. clean, free from, exempt;—נ׳ Gn 24:41 + 31 times; cstr. נְקִי ψ 24:4; pl. נְקִיִּים Je 2:34; נְקִיִּם Gn 44:10 + 6 times;— 1. free from guilt, clean, innocent, ‖ צַדִּיק: נָקִי וְצַדִּיק Ex 23:7 (E), נָקִי innocent person Jb 4:7; 17:8; 22:19, 30; 27:17 ψ 10:8; 15:5; Pr 1:11; נקיים Jb 9:23; דם נקי innocent blood, first used in D, Dt 19:10; 27:25; 1 S 19:5; 2 K 21:16; 24:4 ψ 94:21; 106:38; Pr 6:17; Is 59:7; Je 7:6; 22:3; 26:15; דם הנקי Dt 19:13 2 K 24:4 Je 22:17; הדם הנקי Dt 21:9; דם נקיים Je 19:4; נָקִי מִדְּמֵי 2 S 3:28 (+ מֵעִם י׳); נְקִי כַפַּיִם ψ 24:4; אביונים נקיים Je 2:34. 2. free from punishment Ex 21:28 (E) 2 S 14:9. 3. free, exempt from obligations Gn 44:10 (J); from service in war Nu 32:22 (P; + מִן pers., v. מִן 2 d), Dt 24:5 1 K 15:22 (cf. Arabic نَقِىَّ and WetzstZMG xxii (1868), 129); c. מן, from oaths Gn 24:41 (J) Jos 2:17, 19, 20 (JE).

† פָּשַׁע vb. rebel, transgress (NH id.; Syriac ܦܫܰܥ is be terrified, ܦܫܺܝܥܳܐ tepid, insipid);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ 2 K 3:7 +, 2 fs. פָּשַׁ֫עַתְּ Zp 3:11; פָּשָׁ֑עַתְּ Je 3:13, etc.; Impf. יִפְשַׁע Pr 28:21 + 8 times Impf.; Imv. mpl. פִּשְׁעוּ Am 4:4; Inf. abs. פָּשֹׁעַ Is 59:13; cstr. פְּשֹׁעַ Am 4:4; Ez 10:13; Pt. פֹּשֵׁעַ Is 48:8; פֹּשְׁעִים Is 1:28 +, etc.;— 1. rebel, revolt, of nations, c. בְּ against, 1 K 12:19; 2 K 1:1; 3:5, 7; 2 Ch 10:19; abs. 2 K 8:22, מִתַּחַת יַד v 20, 22 2 Ch 21:8, 10(×2); פָּֽשְׁעוּ בִי Is 1:2 (Isr. under fig. of י׳’s sons). 2. transgress against God, abs. Is 1:28; 46:8; 48:8; 53:12(×2) Ho 14:10; Am 4:4(×2); La 3:42 Dn 8:23 ψ 37:38; 51:15, for (עַל) a bit of bread Pr 28:21; בַּדָּבָר הַזֶּה Ezr 10:13 in this thing; עַל תּוֹרָתִי Ho 8:1; elsewhere c. בְּ against God: פ׳ ב׳ Is 43:27; 59:13; 66:24; Je 2:8, 29; 3:13; 33:8; Ez 2:3; 20:38; Ho 7:13; פְּשָׁעִים אשׁר פ׳ ב 1 K 8:50; Ez 18:31; עלילות אשׁר פ׳ ב Zp 3:11. Niph. Pf. 3 ms. אָח נִפְשַׁע (van d. H. Pt. נִפְשָׁע) a brother (who has been) offended Pr 18:19, but very dubious, cf. Toy.

† [צָדֵק, צָדֹק] vb. denom. be just, righteous;— Qal Pf. 3 fs. צָֽדְקָה Gn 38:26; 2 ms. צָדַקְתָּ Jb 33:12; 35:7, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִצְדַּק Jb 9:2 +; יִצְדָּ֑ק Jb 4:17; 11:2; 3 fpl. תִּצְדַּקְנָה Ez 16:52 (𝔊 Co תְּצַדְּקִין, not Berthol Toy Krae), etc.;— 1. have a just cause, be in the right, Jb 9:15, 20; 13:18; 34:5; in complaint Jb 33:12; c. מִן pers. Gn 38:26 (J; of Tamar). 2. be justified, in one’s plea Jb 11:2; c. עִם (man with God) 9:2; 25:4; בי׳ Is 45:25; by witnesses 43:9; by acquittal ψ 143:2; Is 43:26; by condemnation of opponent Jb 40:8. 3. be just: of God, in his government, in charging with sin ψ 51:6; of מִשְׁפְּטֵי־י׳ 19:10. 4. be just, righteous, in conduct and character: of men Jb 10:15; 15:14; 22:3; 35:7, c. מִן comp., Jb 4:17 (more than God; Dr at God’s hand, מִן 2 d), Ez 16:52 (Pi.). Niph. Pf. 3 ms. וְנִצְדַּק קֹדֶשׁ consec. Dn 8:14 the holy place shall be put right, in a right condition (Marti Kau Buhl SS; Bev Dr Marti Comm. be justified, its cause vindicated). Pi. Pf. 3 fs. צִדְּקָה Je 3:11; Impf. 2 fs. תְּצַדְּקִי Ez 16:51; Inf. cstr. sf. צַדְּקֶ֑ךָּ Jb 33:32; צַדֶּקְתֵּךְ (Ges§ 52 p) Ez 16:52; צַדְּקוֹ Jb 32:2;—justify: עַל צַדְּקוֹ נַפְשׁוֹ מֵאֱלֹהִים Jb 32:2 because he justified himself rather than God (cf. Qal 1); make to appear righteous Je 3:11; Ez 16:51, 52 (all c. מִן comp.); חָפַצְתִּי צַדְּקֶ֑ךָּ Jb 33:32 I desire to justify thee (in thy plea, cf. Qal 2). Hiph. Pf. 1 s. sf. הִצְדַּקְתִּיו 2 S 15:4; 3 mpl. הִצְדִּיקוּ Dt 25:1; Impf. 3 ms. יַצְדִּיק Is 53:11; 1 s. אַצְדִּיק Ex 23:7; Jb 27:5; Inf. cstr. הַצְדִּיק 1 K 8:32 = 2 Ch 6:23; Imv. mpl. הַצְדִּיקוּ ψ 82:3; Pt. מַצְדִּיק Pr 17:15, etc.;— 1. do justice, in administering law 2 S 15:4 ψ 82:3. 2. declare righteous, justify, c. acc. (ה)צַדִּיק Dt 25:1; 1 K 8:32 = 2 Ch 6:23; רָשָׁע Ex 23:7 (E) Is 5:23; Pr 17:15; justify accusers, by recognizing charge as just Jb 27:5. 3. justify, vindicate the cause of, save, c. acc., Is 50:8 (of God), c. לְ of obj. Is 53:11 (of servant of י׳). 4. make righteous, turn to righteousness, Dn 12:3, cf. Aboth 5:26, 27 Bev. Hithp. Impf. 1 pl. נִצְטַדָּ֑ק Gn 44:16 (J) how shall we justify ourselves, clear ourselves, from suspicion?

† רַחֲמִים n.m. 2 S 24:14 abs.pl.intens. compassion (according to many denom. from רֶחֶם, orig. brotherhood, brotherly feeling, of those born from same womb, v. NöZMG xl (1886), 151 (yet v. 152) WeGGN 1893, 475 Gerber 126, or motherly feeling Köii. 1, 34);—abs. ר׳ Gn 43:14 +; cstr. רַחֲמֵי Pr 12:10; sf. רַחֲמָיו La 3:22 (Baer Gi; van d. H. Qr, Kt רחמו), 2 S 24:14 Qr (> Kt רחמו), etc.;— 1. compassion: usually of God Is 63:7, 15 ψ 77:10; 79:8; 119:77; Zc 1:16 Dn 9:9 Ne 9:28; c. רבים 2 S 24:14 = 1 Ch 21:13; Ne 9:19, 27, 31 ψ 119:156; Dn 9:18; גדולים Is 54:7; ‖ חסד ψ 40:12; 103:4; Ho 2:21; Je 16:5; חסדים ψ 25:6; כרֹב רחמיךָ ψ 51:3; 69:17; c. על rei 145:9; נתן ר׳ ל Dt 13:18; Je 42:12; לא כָלוּ ר׳ La 3:22. 2. of man, Am 1:11; Pr 12:10; עשׂה ר׳ Zc 7:9; נָתַן לפ׳ ר׳ לִפְנֵי Gn 43:14 (R); נתן פ׳ לר׳ לִפְנֵי 1 K 8:50; Ne 1:11; Dn 1:9 ψ 106:46, cf. 2 Ch 30:9; שׂם ר׳ ל Is 47:6; נִכְמְרוּ ר׳ אל Gn 43:30 (J), c. על 1 K 3:26.

δῐκαι-όω, Ionic dialect imperfect ἐδικαίευν Refs 5th c.BC+future -ώσω Oracle texts cited in [same work]Refs 5th c.BC+; -ώσομαι Refs:aorist ἐδικαίωσα Refs:—passive, future -ωθήσομαιLXX: aorist ἐδικαιώθην Refs 4th c.BC+: perfect δεδικαίωμαι LXX __I set right, νόμος.. δικαιῶν τὸ βιαιότατον Refs 5th c.BC+proved, tested, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II hold or deem right, claim or demand as a right, with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive omitted, οὕτω δ. (i.e. γενέσθαι) Refs 5th c.BC+; δίκας δ. (i.e. γενέσθαι)Refs 5th c.BC+; pronounce judgement, Refs: with infinitive, ἐδικαίωσεν ἀποδοῦναι ἡμᾶς τὸ κεφάλαιον Refs 1st c.AD+; consent, δουλεύειν Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐκ ἐδικαίου οὐδένα οἱ ἐσαγγεῖλαι he would not allow.. Refs:—passive, τὸ δικαιωθὲν ὑπό τινος that which is ordained, Refs 1st c.BC+ __III do a man right or justice: hence, __III.1 chastise, punish, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+; pass sentence on, ὑμᾶς αὐτοὺς δικαιώσεσθε Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 passive, also, have right done one, opposed to ἀδικεῖσθαι, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III.3 pronounce and treat as righteous, justify, vindicate, LXX+NTpassive Refs

Included with: καλός, ή, όν, Aeolic dialect κάλος (see. below), α, ον, Boeotian dialect καλϝός Refs 6th c.BC+:— __A beautiful, of outward form, frequently of persons, κάλλιστος ἀνὴρ ὑπὸ Ἴλιον ἦλθεν Refs 8th c.BC+ usually in the phrase κ. τε μέγας τε Refs 8th c.BC+; μέγας καὶ κ. Refs 8th c.BC+; καλὸς δέμας beautiful of form,Refs 5th c.BC+; Χορῷ καλή beauteous in the dance, Refs 8th c.BC+: with infinitive, καλλίονες καὶ μείζονες εἰσοράασθαι Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐσορᾶν κ. Refs 5th c.BC+: frequently of parts of the body, fair, shapely, κ. πρόσωπα, ὅμματα, παρήϊα, σφυρά, Refs 8th c.BC+; of clothes, εἵματα, φάρεα, Χιτών, Χλαῖνα, πέδιλα, Refs 8th c.BC+; of arms and armour, κνημῖδες, ἀσπίς, σάκος, κόρυς, φάσγανα, ἔντεα, Refs 8th c.BC+; of buildings, manufactured articles, etc., αὐλὴ κ. τε μεγάλη τε Refs; κ. δώματα, τεῖχος, πόλιες,Refs 8th c.BC+; also τέμενος, ἀγρός, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐέρσα κ. ead.Refs __A.2 in Attic dialect added to a name in token of love or admiration, as Ἀρίσημος κ. Refs; ἐν τοῖσι τοίχοις ἔγραφ᾽ Ἀθηναῖοι καλοί” Refs 5th c.BC+; Ἀλκιβιάδης ὁ καλός, Σαπφὼ ἡ καλή, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.2.b ἡ Καλή or Καλλίστη, as epithet, Refs 4th c.BC+ __A.2.c Καλοί, οἱ, divinities worshipped in childbirth, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __A.3 τὸ καλόν beauty, Refs 7th c.BC+, etc.; τὰ καλά the proprieties or elegancies of life, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II with reference to use, good, of fine quality, κ. λιμήν Refs 8th c.BC+; Βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ.. καλῷ fair, Refs; κ. ἀργύριον, opposed to κίβδηλον, genuine silver, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to ἀποτετριμμένον, good silver currency, Refs 3rd c.BC+; ἐλαῖαι Refs 3rd c.BC+; γῆ NT+4th c.AD+; στρατόπεδον κάλλιστον LXX+5th c.BC+: with infinitive, λόφος κάλλιστος τρέχειν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν καλῷ [τόπῳ] in a good place, καθίζεσθαι, ὁρμεῖν, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν καλῷ under favourable circumstances, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν κ. (i.e. Χρόνῳ) in good time, in season, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν οὐ κ. Refs; ἐν καλῷ [ἐστι] with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+ with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+; τί γὰρ ἐμοὶ ζῆν καλό; what is the good of life to me? Refs 1st c.AD+; καλῇ πίστει, = Latin bona fide, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __A.II.2 of sacrifices, auspicious, σφάγια Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, ἰέναι.. κ. ἡμῖν τὰ ἱερὰ ἦν Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.III in a moral sense, beautiful, noble, honourable, in Refs 8th c.BC+ only in neuter, οὐ καλὸν ἔειπες Refs 8th c.BC+; frequently καλόν [ἐστι] with infinitive, κ. τοι σὺν ἐμοὶ τὸν κήδειν ὅς κ᾽ ἐμὲ κήδῃ Refs 8th c.BC+; οὐ γὰρ ἔμοιγε κ. (i.e. ἄρχειν)Refs 8th c.BC+; so in Trag., καλόν μοι τοῦτο ποιούσῃ θανεῖν LXX+5th c.BC+: comparative, οὐ μέν τοι τόδε κάλλιον οὐδὲ ἔοικε Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. ἔργματα noble deeds, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀναστροφὴ κ. NT: in plural, excellences, πλῆθος καλῶν Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ τοῦ παιδὸς κ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.III.2 τὸ κ. moral beauty, virtue, honour, opposed to τὸ αἰσχρόν, Refs 6th c.BC+; τοὐμὸν κ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.III.3 of persons, in early writers coupled with ἀγαθός, see at {καλοκἀγαθός}; later κ. ποιμήν NT; κ. στρατιώτης NT __A.IV in Attic dialect and Trag. frequently ironically, fine, specious, γέρας κ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __B Degrees of comparative: comparative καλλίων, ον, Refs 8th c.BC+: superlative κάλλιστος, η, ον, Refs 8th c.BC+; late καλλιώτερος or -ότερος, Refs 5th c.BC+ __C adverb:—Poets frequently use neuter καλόν as adverb, κ. ἀείδειν Refs 8th c.BC+; later τὸ κ. Refs 3rd c.BC+ __C.II regular adverb καλῶς (Doric dialect καλώς Refs 5th c.BC+, well, rightly, οὐδ᾽ ἔτι κ. οἶκος ἐμὸς διόλωλε Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. ζῆν, τεθνηκέναι, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. φρονεῖν to be in one's right mind, Refs; κ. ἀγωνιεῖσθαι fairly, on the merits of the case, Refs 5th c.BC+; Χρήματα δατῆθθαι κ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.2 of good fortune, well, happily, κ. πράσσειν, ={εὖ π}., Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. ἔχειν to be well, Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. ἔχει with infinitive, 'tis well to.., Refs 5th c.BC+ to be well off in respect to a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.3 καλῶς, ={πάνυ}, thoroughly, altogether, τὸν κ. εὐδαίμονα Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative, κάλλιον εἰδέναι Refs 5th c.BC+; κάλλιον ἐοικέναι to be just like, Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.4 κ. ἀκούειν to be well spoken of, Refs 4th c.BC+ __C.II.5 κ. ποιῶν rightly, deservedly, κ. ποιῶν ἀπόλλυται Refs 5th c.BC+; in requests, κ. ποιήσεις πριάμενος, etc., Refs 3rd c.BC+, etc.; also with infinitive, κ. π. γράψαι Refs 1st c.BC+ __C.II.6 in answers, to approve the words of the former speaker, well said! Refs 5th c.BC+; also, to decline an offer courteously, no, thank you! Refs 5th c.BC+; πάνυ κ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.7 ironically, finely, καλῶς ἐρήμης γ᾽ ἂν σὺ γῆς ἄρχοις μόνος Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.8 κ. ὁ ἱερεύς hurrah for the priest! Refs 2nd c.AD+ __C.II.9 repeated with the adjective, καλὴ καλῶς Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.10 comparative καλλιόνως Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative καλλίστως Refs 5th c.BC+ __D for compounds, see at {καλλι-, καλο-}. __E Quantity: ᾱ in Epic dialect and early Refs 8th c.BC+: ᾰ in Lyric poetry (except κᾱλῶς Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ μὴ κᾰλὰ κᾱλὰ πέφανται Refs 3rd c.BC+.--In comparative, ῐ in Refs 8th c.BC+

† חָסָה vb. (mostly poet. and fig.) seek refuge (Arabic حَشِىَ iii. is set aside; v. go aside, apart; حَشًى shelter, protection; but? ش = ס)— Qal Pf. ח׳ ψ 64:11; 3 fs. חָסָ֫יָה ψ 57:2, חָסִ֫יתִי ψ 7:2 + 7 times; pl. חָסוּ ψ 37:40 Zp 3:12, חָסָ֫יוּ Dt 32:17; Impf. יֶחְסֶּה ψ 34:9, תֶחְסֶּה ψ 91:4, אֶחְסֶּה ψ 57:2 (see Baer ψ 34:9), אֶחֱסֶה ψ 18:3 + 2 times; pl. יֶחֱסוּ Is 14:32, יֶחֱסָיוּן ψ 36:8; Imv. חֲסוּ Ju 9:15; Inf. חֲסוֹת ψ 118:8 + 3 times; pt. חוֹסֶה Is 57:13, חֹסֶה Pr 14:32, חוֹסִים ψ 17:7 + 3 times; חֹסְים Pr 30:5; 2 S 22:31 (see Baer Pr 30:5), חוֹסֵי ψ 2:12; 5:12, חֹסֵי Na 1:7;—seek refuge, c. בְּ: בְּצֵל in the shadow of a tree Ju 9:15, בְּצֵל מצרים Is 30:2; בָּהּ Is 14:32 in Zion, in gods Dt 32:37 (poem), elsewhere in God 2 S 22:3 = ψ 18:3; Na 1:7 ψ 2:12; 5:12; 7:2; 11:1; 16:1; 25:20; 31:2, 20; 34:9, 23; 37:40; 57:2; 64:11; 71:1; 118:8, 9; 141:8; 144:2, Is 57:13; מגן הוא ל(כל ה)חוסים בו a shield is he to (all) who seek refuge in him 2 S 22:31 = ψ 18:31, Pr 30:5; בְּ׳ is probably to be supplied in thought at least: מושׁיע חוסים ψ 17:7 saviour of those seeking refuge (in thee); חסה במותו צדיק Pr 14:32 a righteous man in his death seeketh refuge (in Yahweh), בשׁם י׳ Zp 3:12, בצל כנפיךָ in the shadow of thy wings ψ 36:8; 57:2; בסתר כנפיךָ ψ 61:5, תחת כנפיו under his wings ψ 91:4 = Ru 2:12.

† מָעַל vb. act unfaithfully, treacherously, a priestly word (P Ez. Ch.), chiefly late (NH id., act unfaithfully; Arabic مَغَلَ whisper, backbite, مَغَالَةٌ perfidy, fraud);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. מָעַל Jos 22:20 + 4 times; 3 fs. מָֽעֲלָה Lv 5:21 Nu 5:12 + 13 times Pf.; Impf. יִמְעַל Pr 16:10 2 Ch 26:16; 3 fs. תִּמְעֹל Lv 5:15 Nu 5:27; 3 mpl. יִמְעֲלוּ Jos 7:1, וַיִּמְעֲלוּ 1 Ch 5:25; 2 mpl. תִּמְעָ֑לוּ Ne 1:8; Inf. cstr. לִמְעֹל, so read for ℌ למסר Nu 31:16 Thes Di;—act unfaithfully, treacherously, usually 1. מָעַל מַ֫עַל: a. abs. בַּחֵרֶם in the matter of the devoted thing (the sin of Achan) Jos 7:1 (JE), 22:20 (P), cf. Lv 5:15 (P), 2 Ch 36:14 Ez 14:13; 15:8; 18:24. b. wife against (בְּ) husband Nu 5:12, 27 (P; marital infidelity). c. elsewhere ag. (בְּ) God, Lv 26:40 (H), 5:21 Nu 5:6; 31:16 (?) Jos 22:16, 31 (all P), 1 Ch 10:13 2 Ch 28:19 Ez 17:20; 20:27; 39:26 Dn 9:7. 2. usage without מַעַל (only late): a. במשׁפט לא ימעל פיו Pr 16:10 let not his (the king’s) mouth act treacherously against justice (RV in judgment). b. elsewhere against God, c. בְּ, Dt 32:51 (P), 1 Ch 5:25 2 Ch 12:3; 26:16; 28:22; 30:7 Ezr 10:2 Ne 13:27 Ez 39:23; without בְּ, 2 Ch 26:18; 29:6 Ezr 10:10 Ne 1:8; בַּהֵרֶם 1 Ch 2:7.

† [רָשַׁע] vb. denom. be wicked, act wickedly;— Qal Pf. 1 s. רָשַׁעְתִּי 2 S 22:22 +, רָשָׁ֑עְנוּ 1 K 8:47 +; Impf. 2 ms. תִּרְשַׁע Ec 7:17; 1 s. אֶרְשָׁ֑ע Jb 9:29; 10:7;— 1. be wicked, act wickedly, 1 K 8:47 = 2 Ch 6:37; Dn 9:15; Ec 7:17; + מֵאֱלֹהָי 2 S 22:22 (in departing) from my God = ψ 18:22. 2. be guilty, Jb 9:29; 10:7, 15. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִרְשִׁיעַ 2 Ch 20:35; 3 mpl. הִרְשִׁיעוּ Dt 25:1; Dn 12:10; 1 pl. הִרְשַׁעְנוּ 9:5, etc.: Impf. 3 ms. יַרְשִׁיעַ Pr 12:2 +; יַרְשִׁעַ Jb 34:29; 3 mpl. יַרְשִׁיעֻן Ex 22:8, etc.; Inf. cstr. הַרְשִׁיעַ 1 K 8:32; 2 Ch 22:3; Pt. מַרְשִׁיעַ Pr 17:15; pl. cstr. מַרְשִׁיעֵי Dn 11:32;— 1. condemn as guilty, in civil relations, c. acc. Ex 22:8 (E) Dt 25:1 ψ 94:21; Jb 34:17; Pr 17:15. 2. condemn as guilty, in ethical and religious relations, c. acc. 1 K 8:32; Jb 9:20; 10:2; 15:6; 32:3; 40:8 ψ 37:33; Pr 12:2; Is 50:9; 54:17, abs. Jb 34:29. 3. act wickedly (late), in ethics and religion: Jb 34:12 (denied of י׳), Ne 9:33; Dn 12:10; 2 Ch 22:3; ‖ חטא ψ 106:6 Dn 9:5; הרשׁיע לעשׂות 2 Ch 20:35; מַרְשִׁיעֵי בְרִית Dn 11:32.—יַרְשִׁיעַ 1 S 14:47 read יִוָּשֵׁעַ 𝔊 Capp We Dr Bu HPS.

† חֵטְא n.m. Dt 15:9 sin (on format. v. LagBN 142)—ח׳ Lv 19:17 + 15 times; sf. חֶטְאוֹ Lv 24:15 + 5 times, חֲטָאָו֯ La 3:39, חֶטְאָם Lv 20:20; pl. חֲטָאִים Ec 10:4; cstr. חֲטָאֵי 2 K 10:29 Ez 23:49; sf. חֲטָאַי Gn 41:9, חֲטָאָ֑י Is 38:17 ψ 51:11, חֲטָאֵינוּ Dn 9:16 ψ 103:10, חֲטָאֵיכֶם Is 1:18;— 1. sin: a. against man Gn 41:9 (E) Ec 10:4. b. elsewhere ag. God, abs. Is 31:7 Ho 12:9; ח׳ חָטָא La 1:8 cf. Dt 19:15 2 K 10:29; ח׳ משׁפט מות sin worthy of death Dt 21:22 = ח׳ מות 22:26; with בְּ, because of, Dn 9:16; God is entreated: hide thy face from my sins ψ 51:11; and it is said in faith, thou wilt cast behind thy back all my sins Is 38:17. 2. guilt of sin: היה חטא ב sin (the guilt of sin) come on one Dt 15:9; 23:22, 23; 24:15; בחטאו מת in his sin (guilt) die Nu 27:3 (P); אישׁ בחטאו each for his own sin Dt 24:16 + 2 K 14:16 + 2 Ch 25:4; בחטא יחמתני אמי ψ 51:7 in sin (condition of sin and guilt) my mother conceived me; אם חטאיכם כשׁנים Is 1:18 though your sins be like scarlet(in guilt); לא כחטאינו עשׂה לנו ψ 103:10 not according to our sins (their guilt) hath he done to us. 3. punishment for sin: נשׂא ח׳ bear sin (its punishment) Lv 20:20; 24:15 (H), Nu 9:13; 18:22 (P); with עַל, bear sin because of Lv 19:17; 22:9 (H) Nu 18:32 (P); bear sins of idols (in worshipping idols) Ez 23:49; the ideal servant of Yahweh bore the sins of many Is 53:12; without נשׂא, only La 3:39 גבר על חטאו (wherefore doth) a man (complain) for the punishment of his sin?

† חָסִיד adj.m. kind, pious (so, as denoting active practice of חֶסֶד, kindness, Thes MV De and most, cf. קָצִיר, פָּקִיד etc.; > Hup on ψ 4:4 RVm who expl. as passive reception of י׳’s חֶסֶד, cf. שָׂכִיר, אָסִיר etc.; its use as attribute of God Je 3:12 ψ 145:17, and the context ψ 12:1 Mi 7:2 etc., favour active sense)—ח׳ ψ 4:4 + 9 times; חֲסִידֶ֑ךָ Dt 33:8 ψ 89:20; חֲסִידְיךָ֯ ψ 16:10; pl. חֲסִידִים ψ 149:1, 5; sf. חֲסִידָ֑י ψ 50:5; חֲסִידָו֯ 1 S 2:9 + 15 times sfs.;— 1. kind: a. of man עם ח׳ תתחסד with the kind thou shewest thyself kind 2 S 22:26 = ψ 18:26. b. of wing of ostrich אִם אֶבְרָה חֲסִידָה Jb 39:13 is it a kindly pinion? poss. with play on חֲסִידָה n.f. stork (is the ostrich kind like the stork?). c. of God, only Je 3:12 ψ 145:17. 2. pious, godly, either as exhibition of ‘duteous love’ toward God (CheOP 378), or (in view of rarity of such passages as Ho 6:4, 6; Je 2:2, and their possible ambiguity) because kindness, as prominent in the godly, comes to imply other attributes, and to be a designation of the godly character, piety: a. as adj.—גּוֹי לא חסיד a nation, not pious, = ungodly ψ 43:1. b. elsewhere as subst.: sing., a pious man, the godly ψ 4:4; 12:2; 32:6; 86:2, ‖ יָשָׁר Mi 7:2; (thy) pious one(s) ψ 16:10 (Kt pl.), 1 S 2:9 (Qr pl.) Pr 2:8, אִישׁ חֲסִידֶ֑ךָ men of thy pious one Dt 33:8 (Moses, v. Di; others, the man, thy godly one, i.e. Levi); pl. the pious, godly, those of the people who were faithful, devoted to God’s service, only in Psalter and chiefly, if not entirely, in late Psalms ψ 149:1, 5; his pious ones ψ 30:5; 31:24; 37:28; 85:9; 97:10; 116:15; 148:14; 149:9; thy pious ones ψ 52:11; 79:2; 89:20; 132:9 = 2 Ch 6:41, ψ 145:10; my pious ones ψ 50:5, her (Zion’s) pious ψ 132:16.—(In Maccab. age, συναγωγὴ Ἀσιδαίων denoted, technically, the party of the pious, who opposed the Hellenization of Judaea, v. 1 Macc 2:42; cf. 7:13 2 Macc 14:6 and CheOP 48, 56; so perhaps ψ 116:15; 149:1, 5, 9.)

חִנָּם subst., used chiefly in the accus. as adv. (cf. Assyrian annáma, in vain, DlK 7, Pr 44; from חֵן, with aff. ָם, which is sometimes found in substantives proper, as סֻלָּם, and pr. names, but is more partic. used with substs. applied adverbially, as יוֹמָם, אָמְנָם, דּוּמָם, רֵיקָם: Sta§ 293 BaNB § 216)—lit. out of favour; i.e. a. gratis, gratuitously, for nothing, עָבַד חִנָּם to serve for nought Gn 29:15; Jb 1:9, Is 52:3 to be sold (fig.) for nought v 5; Ex 21:2, 11 יָצָא חִנָּם to go out (from slavery) freely, for nothing, Nu 11:5 which we used to eat in Egyptian for nought, Je 22:13; 1 Ch 21:24; in the genitive 2 S 24:24 עלוֹת חִנָּם i.e. burntofferings which cost nothing (in the ‖ 1 Ch 21:24 the constr. is changed). b. for no purpose, in vain Pr 1:17; Mal 1:10: once אֶל חִנָּם (cf. אֶל 7) Ez 6:10. c. gratuitously, without cause, undeservedly, especially of groundless hostility or attack 1 S 19:5 לְהָמִית חִנָּם to slay David without cause, 25:31 ψ 35:7(×2); 109:3; 119:161 רְדָפוּנִי חִנָּם, Pr 1:11; 3:30; 23:29; Jb 2:3 לְבַלְּעוֹ ח׳, 9:17; 22:6; Ez 14:23, ψ 35:19 and 69:5 שׂנְאַי חִנָּם my haters without cause, La 3:52 אֹיְבַי חִנָּם; in the genitive 1 K 2:31 דְּמֵי חִנָּם blood shed without cause (cf. 1 S 25:31), Pr 24:28 אַל־תְּהִי עֵד ח׳ בְּרֵעֶ֑ךָ, 26:2 קִלְלַת ח׳ the causeless curse.

† טוּב n.m. Jb 20:21 good things, goods, goodness;—ט׳ Gn 24:10 + 17 times; sf. טוּבִי Ex 33:19; Je 31:14; טוּבְךָ ψ 25:7 + 4 times; טוּבוֹ Ho 3:5 + 2times; טוּבָהּ Ne 9:36 Je 2:7; טוּבָם Jb 21:16;—not in H P Chr Ez or postex. proph.— 1. good things, coll., produce of the land to be eaten Gn 45:18, 20, 23 (E), Is 1:19; Je 2:7; Ezr 9:12; Ne 9:35, 36, to be enjoyed; good things of י׳ as given by him Ho 3:5; Je 31:12, 14 ψ 27:13; of house of י׳ ψ 65:5, fig. of spiritual blessings. 2. goods, property Gn 24:10 (J), Dt 6:11; 2 K 8:9; Ne 9:25. 3. abstr.: a. fairness, beauty, of neck of heifer Ho 10:11; of people of י׳ Zc 9:17; of י׳ himself Ex 33:19 (JE). b. טוּב לב(ב) joy of heart Dt 28:47 Is 65:14 (v. i. טוֹב 2, ii. ט׳ 7). c. prosperity Jb 20:21; 21:16; of Jerusalem ψ 128:5; בְּטוּב צַדִּיקִים Pr 11:10 in the prosperity of the righteous the city rejoiceth. d. goodness of taste, discernment ψ 119:66. 4. abstr., goodness of God: a. in bestowing good things Ne 9:25. b. in the salvation of his people Is 63:7 ψ 25:7; 145:7. c. stored up for his saints ψ 31:20.

† עַוְלָה n.f. Jb 11:14 (? m. Mal 2:6 Köii. 2, 453, § 345 d Ez 28:15 [עולתה; but ע׳ only here Ez, error for עול] questioned by SS, v. AlbrechtZAW xvi (1896), 117) injustice, unrighteousness, wrong;—ע׳ ψ 37:1 + 24 times, + i. עוֹלָה Is 61:8 (read prob. עַוְלָה); עַוְלָ֫תָה ψ 125:3; 92:16 (Qr) + 2 times; עֹלָ֫תָה v 16 (Kt) Jb 5:16; pl. עוֹלוֹת ψ 58:3; 64:7;— 1. violent deeds of injustice, בְּנֵי עַוְלָה 2 S 3:34; 7:10 = 1 Ch 17:9; בֶּן־ע׳ ψ 89:23, cf. עַלְוָה" dir="rtl" >בְּנֵי עַלְוָה Ho 10:9 (read עַוְלָה Now); אישׁ מרמה וע׳ ψ 43:1; בע׳ Is 61:8; ‖ דַּם Mi 3:10; Hb 2:12; עשׂה ע׳ ψ 37:1 Zp 3:5, 13; פעל ע׳ ψ 58:3; 119:3; Jb 36:23; שׁלח בע׳ ידים ψ 125:3. 2. injustice of speech: דבּר ע׳ Jb 13:7; 27:4; לשׁונכס ע׳ תהגה Is 59:3; בלשׁוני ע׳ Jb 6:30; ע׳ לא נמצא בשׂפתיו Mal 2:6; ע׳ קפצה פיה ψ 107:42; Jb 5:16. 3. injustice, in general, ψ 64:7; Jb 6:29; 11:14; 15:16; 22:23; 24:20, + 36:33 (for MT עוֹלֶה according to 𝔊 Di Bu Du al.), Ez 28:15 Pr 22:8; Ho 10:13; of God, לא ע׳ בוֹ ψ 92:16; אֵין עִם י׳ ע׳ 2 Ch 19:7.

† [נָאַף] vb. commit adultery (NH id.; Aramaic נְאַף (rare));— Qal Impf. 3 ms. יִנְאַף Lv 20:10(×2); 3 mpl. וַיִּנְאָ֑פוּ Je 5:7 + 3 times Impf., Inf. abs. נָאוֹף 23:14; נָאֹף Ho 4:2 Je 7:9; Pt. נֹאֵף Pr 6:32 Jb 24:15; fs. נֹאָ֑פֶת Lv 20:10; fpl. נֹאֲפוֹת Ez 16:38 + 2 times;— 1. lit. commit adultery: a. usually of man, always with wife of another; c. acc. woman, Lv 20:10(×2) (H), Pr 6:32; elsewhere abs. Ex 20:14 = Dt 5:17 (Ten Words), Je 5:7; 7:9; 23:14 Ho 4:2; pt. m. Lv 20:10 (H), Jb 24:15. b. of women, only pt. Lv 20:10 (H), Ez 16:38; 23:45(×2). 2. fig. of idolatrous worship, את האבן ואת העץ Je 3:9. Piel Pf. 3 fs. נִאֲפָה Je 3:8; 3 mpl. נִאֵ֑פוּ Ez 23:37(×2); Impf. 3 mpl. יְנַאֲפוּ Je 29:23; 3 fpl. תְּנָאַפְנָה Ho 4:13, 14; Pt. מְנָאֵף Is 57:3; pl. מְנָאֲפִים Je 9:1 + 4 times; f. מְנָאָ֑פֶת Pr 30:20 + 2 times;— 1. lit. commit adultery: a. of man, c. acc. woman, Je 29:23; pt. pl. Je 9:2; 23:10 Ho 7:4 Mal 3:5 ψ 50:18. b. of woman, abs. Ho 4:13, 14; pt. 3:1 Pr 30:20; pl. Ez 16:32; 23:37. 2. fig. of idolatrous worship, אֶת־גִּלּוּלֵיהֶן Ez 23:37; abs. Je 3:8, זֶרַע מְנָאֵף Is 57:3.

† I. זִמָּה n.f. plan, device, wickedness—abs. ז׳ Lv 18:17 + 17 times; cstr. זִמַּת Pr 24:9 + 2 times; sf. זִמָּתֵךְ Ez 16:58 + 3 times; זִמַּתְכֶ֫נָֿה Ez 23:48, 49; pl. זִמּוֹת Is 32:7, sf. זִמֹּתַי Jb 17:11;— 1. plan, purpose Jb 17:11; elsewhere always 2. in bad sense: a. evil device Is 32:7 (c. יעץ, sq. לְחַבֵּל); זִמַּת אִוֶּלֶת Pr 24:9; cf. ψ 26:10 (‖ שֹׁחַד), 119:150. b. wickedness in act עשׂה ז׳ Ho 6:9 (where murder in context), Pr 10:23; 21:27 cf. Now. Especially c. of unchastity: incest Lv 18:17; 20:14(×2), licentiousness 19:29 (all H), Ju 20:6 (‖ נְבָלָה), adultery Jb 31:11; freq. (mostly Ez) metaph. of idolatry of people under fig. of harlotry and adultery Je 13:27 (זִמַּת זְנוּתֵךְ), Ez 16:27 (דַּרְכֵּךְ זִמָּה), v 43, 58 (both ‖ תּוֹעֵבָה), 22:9 (c. עשׂה), v 11 (טִמֵּא בְּזִמָּה, ‖ תועבה), 23:21, 27 (‖ זְנוּתֵךְ), v 29 (עֶרְוַת זְנוּנַיִךְ וְזִמָּתֵךְ וְתַזְנוּתָ֑יִךְ), v 35 (‖ תַּזְנוּתָ֑יִךְ), v 44 (אִשּׁוֹת הַזּ׳, Co לעשׂות ז׳), v 48(×2), 49 (‖ חֲטָאֵי גִלּוּלֵיכֶן), 24:13. [In Ez 16:27, 43; 24:13 del. Co, chiefly on intern. grounds.]

ἀδῐκέω, Aeolic dialect ἀδικήω Refs 7th c.BC+, Doric dialect ἀδικίω Refsimperfect ἠδίκεον or ἠδίκευνRefs 5th c.BC+:—passive, future in middle form ἀδικήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+: —to be ἄδικος, do wrong (defined by Refs 4th c.BC+those who have sinned, Refs 5th c.BC+ and Attic dialect; τἀδικεῖν wrong-doing, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ μὴ ἀδικεῖν righteous dealing, Refs 4th c.BC+:— in legal phrase, do wrong in the eye of the law, the particular case being added in participle, as Σωκράτης ἀ... ποιῶν.. καὶ διδάσκωνRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. πολλά, μεγάλα, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. εἰς πόλιν, κτῆμα, Refs 4th c.AD+:—in games or contests, play foul, Refs 5th c.BC+ __b in present, to be in the wrong, εἰ μὴ ἀδικῶ γε if I am not mistaken, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II transitive with accusative person, wrong, injure, Refs 7th c.BC+:— ruin, of a girl, Refs 4th c.BC+: with double accusative, wrong one in a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be wronged, injured, μὴ δῆτ᾽ ἀδικηθῶRefs 5th c.BC+; present ἀδικεῖται, -ούμενος used for the perfect ἠδίκηται, -ημένος (see.Refs 5th c.BC+: with accusative, to be defrauded of, μισθὸν ἀδικίας variant in NT __II.2 harm, injure, ἀ. γῆνRefs 5th c.BC+

† יָשַׁר vb. be smooth, straight, right (NH id., and deriv.; Arabic يَسَرَ be gentle, tractable, easy, ii. make easy; يَسَرٌ manageable, easy; but Sab. ותֿר, הותֿר, אהל יתֿרן OsZMG 1865, 270 CIS iv, 29, 2; Assyrian išâru, be or go straight, right, mêšêru, justice, mêšêriš, righteously, DlHWB 310)— Qal Pf. יָשַׁר Je 18:4 + 2 times; 3 f. יָשְֽׁרָה Ju 14:3; Hb 2:4; 3 mpl. יָֽשְׁרוּ 1 K 9:12; Impf. יִישַׁר Nu 23:27 + 2 times; יִשַׁר 1 S 18:20, 26; 3 fs. תִּישַׁר Ju 14:7; 3 fpl. יִשַּׁרְנָה 1 S 6:12 (Ges§ 47 k 71)— 1. go straight, בַּדֶּרֶךְ in the way 1 S 6:12. 2. fig., be pleasing, agreeable, right (בְּעֵינֵי in the eyes of); said of a woman Ju 14:3, 7; a man Je 27:5; of matters and things (הַדָּבָר) 1 S 18:20, 26; 2 S 17:4; 1 Ch 13:4; 2 Ch 30:4; of cities 1 K 9:12; a place בְּעֵינֵי הָאֱלֹהִים Nu 23:27 (E); with כַּאֲשֶׁר Je 18:4. 3. in ethical sense, straightforward, upright; לֹא־יָֽשְׁרָה נַפְשׁוֹ בּוֹ Hb 2:4 his soul is not upright in him (opp. עֻפְּלָה swollen). Pi. Pf. 1 יִשָּׁ֑רְתִּי ψ 119:128 (יִשְׁרֵהוּ Jb 37:3, 3 m. sf. Thes; but שָׁרָה); Impf. יְיַשֵּׁר Pr 3:6; יְיַשֶּׁר־ 15:21; sf. וַיְיַשְּׁרֵם (Mas abbrev. וַּיַּשְּׁרֵם) 2 Ch 32:30; 3 fs. תְּיַשֵּׁר Pr 11:4; 1 s. אֲיַשֵּׁר Is 45:13; אֲיַשֵּׁר v 2 Qr (Kt Hiph. אוֹשִׁר Ges§70, 2 doubtless copyist’s error); Imv. pl. יַשְּׁרוּ 40:3; Pt. pl. מְיַשְּׁרִים Pr 9:15;— 1. make smooth, straight, acc. מְסִלָּה Is 40:3; הֲדוּרִים 45:2; fig., with דֶּרֶךְ, make smooth or straight, i.e. free from obstacles, successful v 13 Pr 11:5, אֹרַח 3:6; in ethical sense, הַמְיַשְּׁרִים אָרְחוֹתָם 9:15 those making straight their paths, going straightforward on their paths; יְיַשֶּׁר־לָ֑כֶת 15:21 maketh straight his going, goeth straightforwards. 2. lead straight along, direct, waters of an aqueduct 2 Ch 32:30; (of the thunder Jb 37:3 according to some; but v. rather שָׁרָה). 3. esteem right, approve ψ 119:128 (read כל פקודיך לי יִשָּׁ֑רְתִּי). Pu. Pt. זָהָד מְיָֻּר עַל־הַמְּחֻקֶּה 1 K 6:35 gold made level, laid smoothly out, upon the graven work. Hiph. Impf. 3 pl. עַפְעַפֶּיךָ יַיְשִׁרוּ נֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ Pr 4:25 let thine eyelids look straight before thee; Imv. הַיְ֯שַׁר דַּרְכֶּךָ֑ make thy way even ψ 5:9 Qr (Kt הוֹשַׁר; v. Ges 70 (2)).

† I. מַ֫עַל n.m. Ezr 9:2 unfaithful, treacherous act (NH מְעִילָה);—מ׳ Lv 5:15 + 16 times; מָ֑עַל Nu 5:12 + 2 times; sf. מַעֲלוֹ Ez 17:20 + 4 times; מַעֲלָם Ez 39:26 + 3 times;— 1. ag. man: נשׁאר מעל Jb 21:34 faithlessness remains (cf. Nu 5:12, 27 Pr 16:10 under מָעַל). 2. elsewhere ag. God, c. בְּ, Jos 22:22 (P); without בְּ, 1 Ch 9:1 2 Ch 29:19; 33:19 Ezr 9:2, 4; 10:6.—מַעַל elsewhere only c. מָעַל q.v. (1; all cited).

† I. שָׁלֵם adj. complete, safe, at peace;—שׁ׳ Gn 15:16 +; pl. שְׁלֵמִים Gn 34:21; Na 1:12; f. שְׁלֵמָה Dt 25:15 +; pl. שְׁלֵמוֹת 27:6 Jos 8:31;— 1. complete: a. full, perfect: אֶבֶן שְׁלֵמָה full weight Dt 25:15; Pr 11:1, אֵיפָה שׁ׳ Dt 25:15; of עָוֹן Gn 15:16 (JE); number of captives Am 1:6, 9; of army Na 1:12 (text corrupt; 𝔊 משֵׁל מַיִם, but?; v. Comm.); of reward Ru 2:12; of stones, whole (in natural condition, unhewn) Dt 27:6; Jos 8:31 (cf. law Ex 20:25). b. finished: i.e. hewn stones 1 K 6:7; temple 2 Ch 8:16. 2. safe, unharmed, of pers. Gn 33:18 (P; Sam. שׁלוֹם, cf. בשׁלום 28:21; not n.pr.loc. as Vrss). 3. in covt. of peace, friendship, c. אֵת Gn 34:21 (P); לֵבָב שָׁלֵם עִם י׳ a mind at peace with י׳, keeping covt. relation, hence complete, perfect, 1 K 8:61; 11:4; 15:3, 14; c. אֶל 2 Ch 16:9, אֶל om. 2 K 20:3 = Is 38:3 (לֵב), 1 Ch 12:38; 29:19; 2 Ch 15:17; 19:9; 25:2; לֵב 1 Ch 28:9; 29:9.

ἔλεος, ὁ, pity, mercy, compassion, Refs 8th c.BC+: also in plural, Refs 5th c.BC+; μ᾽ ἔ. τινος ἐσῆλθε pity for.., LXX+5th c.BC+; ἐ. ποιεῖν μετά τινοςLXX (but masculine is also found,LXX+5th c.BC+ __II personified. worshipped at Athens, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III object of compassion, piteous thing, Refs 5th c.BC+

ἀδικ-ία, Ionic dialect -ιη, ἡ, wrongdoing, injustice, ἀδικίης ἄρχεινRefs 5th c.BC+; 'foul' in racing, Refs __II wrongful act, offence, Refs 5th c.BC+

πορν-εία, Ionic dialect πορν-είη, ἡ, prostitution, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a man, Refs 4th c.BC+; fornication, unchastity, NT __II metaphorically, idolatry, LXX

† נָאַץ vb. contemn, spurn (NH id., Pi.; 𝔗 נִיאוּצָא reviling);— Qal Pf. נ׳ Pr 5:12; 3 pl. נָֽאֲצוּ Pr 1:30; נָאָ֑צוּ ψ 107:11; Impf. יִנְאַץ Pr 15:5; יִנְאָצ֑וּן Je 33:24, etc.;—contemn, subj. wicked and foolish, obj. תּוֹכַחַת Pr 1:30; 5:12; obj. מוּסָר Pr 15:5; עֵצָה ψ 107:11; Je 33:24 (obj. עַם י׳; cf. Gie); subj. י׳ Dt 32:19 Je 14:21 La 2:6. Pi. Pf. נִאֵץ ψ 10:3, 13; נִאַ֫צְתָּ 2 S 12:14, etc.; Impf. יְנָאֵץ ψ 74:10, sf. יְנַאֲצֻנִי Nu 14:11; Inf. abs. נִאֵץ (Sta§ 221) 2 S 12:14; Pt. sf. מְנָֽאֲצַי Nu 14:23; מְנַאֲצַי Je 23:17; מְנַאֲצָ֑יִךְ Is 60:14;—contemn, spurn, subj.men, obj. י׳, etc.: Nu 14:11, 23; 16:30 (all J), Dt 31:20 Is 1:4 ψ 10:3, 13 Je 23:17; obj. שֵׁם י׳ ψ 74:10, 18; אִמְרַת י׳ Is 5:24; מִנְחַת י׳ 1 S 2:17; once obj. Jerus. Is 60:14; cause to contemn (blaspheme AV RV) 2 S 12:14(×2) (but אֹיְבֵי prob. interp.; v Comm). Hiph. Impf. יָנֵ֯אץ v. נצץ" dir="rtl" >נצץ. Hithpoʿel Pt. כל־היום שְׁמִי מִנֹּאָץ Is 52:5 every day is my name contemned.

† I. תְּחִנָּה n.f. favour, supplication for favour;—ת׳ Jos 11:20 + 4 times; cstr. תְּחִנַּת 1 K 8:30, 52(×2); תְּחִנָּתִי Je 37:20 + 5 times; תְּהִנֹּתֵיהֶם 2 Ch 6:39 etc. + 10 times sf.;— 1. favour, shewn by Israel Jos 11:20 (D); מאת יהוה Ezr 9:8. 2. supplication for favour, from God 1 K 8:52(×2) 2 Ch 33:13 ψ 119:170; ‖ תְּפִלָּה 1 K 8:28 = 2 Ch 6:19, ψ 6:10; 55:2; תפלה (ו)תחנה 1 K 8:38, 45, 49, 54 = 2 Ch 6:29, 35, 39; 1 K 9:3; ת׳ אשׁר התפלל 1 K 8:30 (= תַּחֲנוּן 2 Ch 6:21); תִּפֹּל ת׳ לִפְנֵי let the supplication fall before, Yahweh Je 36:7, the king Je 37:20, Jeremiah Je 42:2; הִפִּיל ת׳ לפני present supplication before, Yahweh Je 42:9; Dn 9:20, the king Je 38:26.

† I. טוֹב vb. pleasing, good (NH id., Hiph.; also deriv.; Arabic طَابَ med. ى be pleasant, delightful, delicious, sweet or savoury in taste or odour, be pure and clean, cheerful, happy (Lane); Aramaic ܛܶܐܒ, ܛܳܒ, טְאֵב, טַב, טַיֵּב and especially deriv. glad, joyful; Assyrian ṭâbu, be good, kind, acceptable, joyful, vigorous DlHWB 299)— Qal Pf. טוֹב Nu 11:18 + 32 times; pl. טֹבוּ Nu 24:5 Ct 4:10; (Impf. יִיטַב from יָטַב); Inf. abs. טוֹב Ju 11:25; cstr. טוֹב Je 32:39 + 6 times, כְּטוֹב Ju 16:25 Qr (Kt כי טוב); Pt. טוֹב Ju 11:25 1 S 2:26; (for these forms v. Bö§ 1133, 4 SS s.v.; Ges recognises only Pfs. and fewer of them than above. It is often difficult to decide between vb. and adj.);— 1. be pleasant, delightful, of tents of Jacob Nu 24:5 (JE; poet.); of caresses Ct 4:10 (sq. מִיַּיִן comp.) 2. be glad, joyful טוֹב לֵב Ju 16:25 (Qr), 1 S 25:36 2 S 13:28 Est 1:10 (v. טוּב 2 c). 3. of rank, position, claim: הֲטוֹב טוֹב אתה מבלק Ju 11:25 art thou really better than Balak? 4. טוֹב לְ be well with, good for Nu 11:18 (J), Dt 5:30; 15:16; 19:13; 1 S 16:16, 23; 2 S 14:32 ψ 119:71; 128:2; Je 22:15; so (sc. לוֹ) Is 3:10 it is well (with him); אז טוב Je 22:16 (cf. v 15); טוֹב אֶל־ 1 S 20:12 there is good toward David. 5. be pleasing טוֹב בְּעֵינֵי (v. ii. טוֹב 2 b c f) Nu 24:1 (J) 2 S 3:19, 36; 15:26; 19:38; אִם טוֹב בְּעֵינֵי 1 K 21:2; Je 40:4; Zc 11:12; later usage is אִם טוֹב עַל if it seem good unto (so Assyrian ṭâbu eli, be pleasing unto, DlHWB 300 a), 1 Ch 13:2; Ne 2:5, 7 Est 1:19; 3:9; 5:4, 8; 7:3; 8:5; 9:13 (cf. טוֹב adj.). Hiph. Pf. 2 ms. הֱטִיבוֹתָ 2 Ch 6:8, הֱטִיבֹתָ 1 K 8:18; 2 K 10:30;—do well, act right, sq. כִּי that 1 K 8:18 thou didst well, that it was in thine heart = 2 Ch 6:8; sq. inf. c. לְ 2 K 10:30 thou hast done well in performing what was right in mine eyes.

† תֹּם n.[m.] completeness, integrity;—תֹּם abs. Pr 10:29 +; cstr. Jb 4:6 ψ 78:72, cstr. also תָּם־ Pr 13:6 + 4 times; sf. תֻּמִּי ψ 26:1 + 11 times sf.; pl. תֻּמִּים Ex 28:30 + 3 times; sf. תֻּמֶּיךָ Dt 33:8;— 1. completeness, fulness: כְּתֻמָּם Is 47:9 2 בְּעֶצֶם תֻּמּוֹ Jb 21:23 in his very completeness. 2. innocence, simplicity: הלכים לתמם 2 S 15:11; מָשַׁךְ בַּקֶּשֶׁת לְתֻמּוֹ 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33, i.e. without definite aim. 3. integrity: תֹּם לֵבָב integrity of mind Gn 20:5, 6 (E), 1 K 9:4 ψ 78:72; 101:2; תָּם־דֶּרֶךְ Pr 13:6; Jb 4:6; (הת)הלך בַּתֹּם Pr 10:9, בְּתֻמּוֹ 19:1; 20:7; 28:6, בְּתֻמִּי ψ 26:1, 11; הֹלְכֵי תֹם Pr 2:7; תֹּם רָישֶׁר ψ 25:21; בְּתֻמִּי 41:13; כְּתֻמִּי 7:9; מָעוֹז לַתֹּם Pr 10:29. 4. תֻּמִּים in אוּרִים וְתֻמִּים (meaning dub., v., אורים) Dt 33:8, Ex 28:30 (P) Lv 8:8 (P), Ezr 2:63 = Ne 7:65; + 1 S 14:41 (for תָּמִים) We Dr Bu HPS; also Ho 3:4 (for תרפים) CheJQ, July 1899, 564 and 4:5 (תֻּמֶּ֑יךָ for אִמֶּ֑ךָ) RubenJQ, April 1899, 44 Che l.c..

† מִישׁוֹר n.m. Je 48:8 level place, uprightness;—מ׳ ψ 27:11 + 9 times; מִישֹׁר Zc 4:7 (v. Baer) + 12 times;— 1. 3 antith. הר(ים) 1 K 20:23, 25 Zc 4:7; עָקֹב Is 40:4; מַעֲקַשִּׁים 42:16; + שְׁפֵלָה 2 Ch 26:10; ‖ עֵמֶק Je 21:13; הַמִּישׁוֹר specifically of the elevated plateau or 3 between the Arnon and Heshbon Dt 3:10; 4:43 Jos 13:9, 16, 17, 21; 20:8 Je 48:8, 21. 2. level place (free from obstacles), fig. for place of safety, comfort, and prosperity ψ 26:12; ארח מ׳ 27:11; אֶרֶץ מ׳ 143:10. 3. uprightness (cf. מֵישָׁר 2), in government ψ 67:5; שֵׁבֶט מ׳ 45:7; ‖ צֶדֶק Is 11:4; שָׁלוֹם Mal 2:6.

† שֵׁכָר n.[m.] intoxicating drink, strong drink (BaNB § 71);—always שׁ׳ abs.; usually ‖ יַיִן (except ψ 69:13): Is 29:9; usually condemned, Is 5:11, 22; 28:7(×3); 56:12 (נִסְבְּאָה שׁ׳), Mi 2:11; 1 S 1:15; Pr 20:1; forbidden to priests on duty Lv 10:9 (P); not for princes Pr 31:4; nor Nazirite Nu 6:3; Ju 13:4, 7, 14, cf. חֹמֶץ שׁ׳ Nu 6:3; שׁוֹתֵי שׁ׳ ψ 69:13 drunkards; but שׁ׳ as common drink Dt 29:5 (opp. to miraculous), allowable in sacrif. meal 14:26, commended for weak and weary Pr 31:6; נֶסֶךְ שׁ׳ Nu 28:7 (P; for יַיִן v 14 +); v. further KennedyEncy. Bib. iv. 5309 f..—On form cf. LagM ii. 357;BN 51.

μετάνοια, ἡ, change of mind or heart, repentance, regret, NT+5th c.BC+ __II Rhet., afterthought, correction, Refs

† עָ֫וֶל n.m. injustice, unrighteousness (opp. צְדָקָה);—ע׳ Lv 19:15 +; cstr. עֶ֫וֶל Ez 28:18 (van d. H. עָוֶל, but v. Baer Ginsb); sf. עַוְלוֹ 18:26; 33:13;—עשׂה עול Lv 19:15, 35 (H) Dt 25:16; Ez 3:20; 18:24, 26(×2); 33:13(×2), 15, 18; פעל ע׳ Jb 34:32; הִתְעִיבוּ ע׳ ψ 53:2 (‖ עֲלִילָה 14:2); שׁפט ע׳ 82:2; אישׁ ע׳ Pr 29:27; ע׳ בְּכַפַּי ψ 7:4; מצא ע׳ בְּ Je 2:5, read prob. also Ez 28:15 (for MT עולתה); מע׳ ישׁיב ידוֹ 18:8; בְּעֶוֶל רְכֻלָּֽתְךָ 28:18; of God, אין עול (‖ אֱמוּנָה) Dt 32:4; חָלִלָה מע׳ Jb 34:10.

† [תַּזְנוּת] n.f.abstr. fornication;—sf. תַּזְנוּתֵךְ Ez 16:20 (Kt) v 25 (Kt) v 29; תַּזְנֻתֵךְ Ez 16:26; תַּזְנוּתָם Ez 23:8, 17; תַּזְנוּתַיִךְ Ez 16:15, 34, 36; תַּזְנֻתַיִךְ Ez 16:22; תַּזְנוּתָ֑יִךְ Ez 16:20(Qr)v 25(Qr)v 33; 23:29, 35; תַּזְנוּתֶיהָ Ez 23:7, 8, 11, 14, 18, 19, 43. These are all international mingled with religious references.

παρά-πτωμα, ατος, τό, false step, slip, blunder, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __2 defeat, Refs 1st c.BC+ __3 transgression, trespass, LXX+NT __4 error in amount of payments, Refs 2nd c.BC+

† מַחְסֶה n.m. Pr 14:26 refuge, shelter;—abs. מַ׳ Jb 24:8 + 5 times; מַחֲסֶה ψ 46:2 + 2 times; cstr. מַחְסֵּה Is 28:17; sf. מַחְסִּי ψ 62:8 + 5 times; מַחֲסִי ψ 71:7 Je 17:17, מַחְסֵּהוּ ψ 14:6, מַחְסֵּנוּ Is 28:15;—shelter: a. from rain and storm Is 4:6; 25:4; Jb 24:8. b. from danger סְלָעִים מַחְסֶּה לַשְׁפַנִּים rocks a refuge for conies ψ 104:18; מחסה כזב refuge of falsehood Is 28:17; כזב מחסנוּ falsehood our refuge Is 28:15; elsewhere of God as the refuge of his people ψ 14:6; 46:2; 61:4; 62:8, 9; 71:7; 73:28; 91:2, 9; 94:22; 142:6; Pr 14:26; Je 17:17; Jo 4:16.

† מִקְלָט n.[m.] refuge, asylum (P Ch);—עָרֵי מ׳ asylum-cities Nu 35:11, 13, 14, עָרֵי הַמּ׳ Nu 35:6; Jos 20:2, so 1 Ch 6:42, 52 (but read עִיר הַמּ׳, according to ‖ Jos 21:13, 21, so Be Kau Kit), לְמ׳ (after הָיָה) Nu 35:12, 15; Jos 20:3; cstr. in phr. עִיר מִקְלַט הָרֹצֵחַ Jos 21:13, 21, 27, 32, 38 (Gi; v 36 van d. H. Baer); sf. of refugee, עִיר מִקְלָטוֹ Nu 35:25, 26, 27, 28, 32.

τέλειος and τέλεος, α, ον, in Trag., Attic dialect, and Doric dialectalso ος, ον, Refs 5th c.BC+ is alone used by Refs 8th c.BC+, neither form in Refs 8th c.BC+; τέλεος is alone used by Refs 5th c.BC+ are recommended by Refs 6th c.AD+; τέλειος first in Refs 2nd c.BC+, frequently in Papyri Refs 3rd c.BC+ adverb is sometimes τέλεονRefs 2nd c.AD+, etc., τέλειον Refs 2nd c.AD+: the form τέλεως, accusative τέλεων, with plural τέλεῳ, is found in Refs 4th c.BC+: the form τέληον in Refs: (τέλος):—perfect, of victims, entire, without spot or blemish, ἀρνῶν αἰγῶν τε τελείων Refs 8th c.BC+; βοτὸν τ. Refs; τὸνς ϝεξήκοντα τελέονς ὄϝινς (accusative plural) Refs 5th c.BC+; of sacrifices, ἱερὰ τ. perfect, of full tale or number, or performed with all rites, Refs 8th c.BC+ is probably the surest bird of augury (compare τελήεις). __b in Dialects, ={κύριος}, fully constituted, valid, ἐν ἀγορᾷ τελείῳ Refs 4th c.BC+; authoritative, final, ἁ δέ κα ϝράτρα ἁ δαμοσία τελεία εἴε ¯ δικάδο ¯ σα Refs; τὸ θέθμιον.. τέλεον εἶμεν Refs 5th c.BC+; so in Trag., τελεία ψῆφος a final decision, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 of animals, full-grown, τέλεον νεαροῖς ἐπιθύσας Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐπ᾽ οὗ θύεται τὰ τ. τῶν προβάτων, opposed to γαλαθηνά, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. ζῷον defined in Refs 2nd c.AD+; as substantive, τέλειον καὶ δέκα ἄρνες Refs 3rd c.BC+; τ. ἵππος, opposed to πῶλος, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. ἅρμα a chariot drawn by horses, opposed to ἅρμα πωλικόν, Refs 4th c.BC+; of trees, Refs 4th c.BC+; εἰκὼν τελεία life-sized, Refs 2nd c.BC+; of a torsionengine, full-sized, opposed to to the model of one, Refs 3rd c.BC+: of human beings, full-grown, adult, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.b married, τέλειοι οἱ γεγαμηκότες Refs 2nd c.AD+; Ἥρα Τελεία is so explained at Stymphalus, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __3 of persons, accomplished, perfect in his kind, in relation to quality, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. σοφιστής Refs 5th c.BC+; κατὰ πάντα Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ τ. δογματικοί Refs 2nd c.AD+; but ἡ τελεία μαῖα the trained or qualified midwife, distinguished from ἡ ἀρίστη (the trained and experienced midwife), Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3.b of things, φάρμακον τελεώτατον Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. ἀρετή, φιλία, etc., Refs 4th c.BC+; of a syllogism in the 1st pers. figure, the other figures being ἀτελεῖς, Refs 2nd c.AD+ a serious, dangerous illness, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀδικία τελέα, τελεωτάτη, absolute, Refs 5th c.BC+; συνθέσεις λευκὰς τελείας δέκα τρεῖς thirteen complete white suits, Refs 2nd c.AD+; τ. ἀποζυγή complete divorce, Refs 4th c.AD+; ὕνις τελεία, κράβακτος ξύλινος τ., etc., Refs 3rd c.AD+; of land, fully inundated, opposed to ἀβροχικός, Refs 6th c.AD+, probably in Refs 6th c.AD+ __4 of prayers, vows, etc., fulfilled, accomplished, εὐχωλαί Refs 5th c.BC+; of omens or predictions, ὄψις ὀνείρου οὐ τελέη a vision which imported nothing, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 of numbers, full, complete, τελέους ἑπτὰ μῆνας Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. ἐνιαυτός the great year, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5.b in Arithm., of perfectnumbers, which are equal to the sum of their divisors, as Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3 is τ. because it has ἀρχή, μέσον, τέλος, Refs __6 τ. κρατήρ, i.e. the third bowl offered to Ζεὺς Σωτήρ, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of the gods, having power to fulfil prayer, all-powerful (as implied in Refs 5th c.BC+; of Hera ζυγία, the presiding goddess of marriage (see.Refs 5th c.BC+; of Apollo, Refs 3rd c.BC+; of the Eumenides, Refs 4th c.BC+: generally, θεοὶ τέλειοι τέλειαί τε Refs 4th c.BC+. the head or lord of the house, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III ={τελευταῖος}, last, Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV τέλειον, τό, a royal banquet, as a translated of the Refs 5th c.BC+ __V ἡ τελεία (i.e. στιγμή) the full point, Refs 4th c.BC+ __V.2 ἡ τελεία (i.e. ἀντίδοτος) the perfect antidote, effective against all poisons, Scrib. Larg.177. __VI Τέλεος (i.e. μήν(, ὁ, name of a month at Epidaurus, Refs __VII adverb τελέως finally, absolutely, with full authority, Refs 4th c.BC+ __VII.2 completely, absolutely, thoroughly, τ. ἐς ἀσθενὲς ἔρχεται Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. ἐκκλησιάσαιμεν perfectly, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. μ᾽ ὑπῆλθε completely deceived me, Refs 4th c.BC+; τ. ἑστιᾶν perfectly, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. κινήσεται absolutely, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. γὰρ ἡμᾶς ἐνώχλει he was a perfect nuisance to us, Refs 3rd c.BC+; τ. γυμνάζειν put a person through the τέλειον γυμνάσιον, Refs 2nd c.AD+; μέσα τ. completely neutral, Refs adverb allowed by Thom.Mag.p.358 R., but τελείως is found in LXX+5th c.BC+ __VII.3 the neuter τέλεον is also used as adverb in later Prose, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __VIII comparative and superlative: Refs 8th c.BC+ prevail, though the other forms occur in Refs 4th c.BC+. comparative adverb τελεώτερον Refs 8th c.BC+

† [חַטָּא] adj. and n.m. 1. sinful, 2. sinners—as adj.f. חַטָּאָה Am 9:8, elsewhere only pl. חַטָּאִים Nu 32:14 + 15 times; cstr. חַטָּאֵי Am 9:10; sf. חַטָּאֶיהָ Is 13:9;— 1. adj. a. sinful men Nu 32:14 (J), kingdom Am 9:8. b. exposed to condemnation, reckoned as offenders 1 K 1:21 (cf. Hiph. Pt. Is 29:21). Elsewhere 2. n.m. sinners Nu 17:3 (P), 1 S 15:18 Am 9:10 Is 1:28; 13:9; 33:14 ψ 1:1, 5; 25:8; 26:9; 51:15; 104:35 Pr 1:10; 13:21; 23:17; ח׳ ליהוה sinners against י׳ Gn 13:13 (J).

† [מֵישָׁר] n.m. evenness, uprightness, equity;—only pl.: מֵשָׁרִים Pr 1:3; elsewhere מֵישָׁרִים Is 26:7 + 17 times;— 1. evenness, level Is 26:7, of path of righteous (in the future), fig. for free from difficulties; smoothness, of the flow of wine, בְּמ׳ Pr 23:31; למ׳ Ct 7:10; 2. in ethical sense, uprightness, equity, as taught in the school of wisdom Pr 8:6, ‖ צֶדֶק 1:3; 2:9; of government (ב)מ׳ ψ 9:9; 58:2; 75:3; 96:10; 98:9; 99:4; of speech Is 33:15 Pr 23:16; of Yahweh’s promises Is 45:19; רצה מ׳ 1 Ch 29:17 have pleasure in equity; עשׂה מ׳ Dn 11:6 make an equitable arrangement. 3. adv. rightly, with חזה ψ 17:2; אהב Ct 1:4.

† רֹעַ n.[m.] badness, evil;—ר׳ abs. Gn 41:19 + 4 times Je; cstr. Ho 9:15 + 13 times;— 1. badness, bad quality, of cattle Gn 41:19 (E), figs Je 24:2, 3, 8; 29:17. 2. wilfulness, רֹעַ לבב 1 S 17:28 (Gerber161 makes 2 and 4 [inf. of] vb.). 3. ethical, evil, badness, only in phr.: רֹעַ מעללים evil of doings Dt 28:20; Is 1:16; Je 4:4; 21:12; 23:2, 22; 25:5; 26:3; 44:22; Ho 9:15 ψ 28:4 (cf. רַע מעללים 1 S 25:3). 4. sadness, ר׳ פָּנִים Ec 7:3, ר׳ לֵב Ne 2:2 (cf. [רַעַע] 2).

† שְׁגָגָה n.f. sin of error, inadvertence;—abs. שׁ׳ Nu 15:25 +; sf. שִׁגְגָתוֹ Lv 5:18; שִׁגְגָתָם Nu 15:25;—error (opp. sins of intention, or בְּיָד רָמָה) only P Ec: Nu 15:25 = Ec 5:5, cf. Ec 10:5; על שׁ׳ Lv 5:18 Nu 15:25; חטא בִּשׁ׳ Lv 4:2, 22, 27; 5:15; Nu 15:27, 28 + (vb. om.) v 26; עשׂה בִשׁ׳ Lv 4:22; Nu 15:29 + (לִשׁ׳) v 24; אכל קֹדֶשׁ בִּשׁ׳ Lv 22:14; מַכֵּה־נֶפֶשׁ בִּשׁ׳ of unintended killing Nu 35:11, 15 = Jos 20:3, 9 (‖ in D בִּבְלִי־דַעַת).—1 S 14:24 v. שׁגה.

† I. [שָׁכַר] vb. be, or become, drunk, drunken (NH id., der. spec. and deriv.; Ecclus 40:18, 20 שכר strong drink; Arabic سَكِرَ be drunken, also be full, سَكَرَ fill; Assyrian šikaru, = שֵׁכָר, šakkûru, drunken, perhaps also vb. šakâru; Ethiopic ሰክረ: Aramaic שִׁכְרָא, ܫܰܟܪܳܐ = שֵׁכָר, especially date-wine (Löw p. 125), cf. ܫܟܰܪ be drunken, usually (der. spec.) defile, deform, etc.; from שֵׁכָר, Egyptian ṯà-k-ï̥ra WMMAs. u. Eur. 102, Gk. σίκερα LewyFremdw. 81);— Qal Pf. 3 pl. שָֽׁכְרוּ Is 29:9; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּשְׁכָּ֑ר Gn 9:21, 3 mpl. יִשְׁכָּר֑וּן Is 49:26, etc.; Imv. mpl. שִׁכְרוּ Je 25:27 Ct 5:1; Inf. cstr. לְשָׁכְרָה Hg 1:6; Pt. pass. שְׁכֻרַת Is 51:21 (Ges§ 130 b LagBN 60);—become drunken Gn 9:21 (J), of social drinking 43:34 (J), Ct 5:1, token of plenty Hg 1:6; fig. of nations staggering helplessly under calamity Je 25:27; 51:21 (וְלֹא מִיָּ֑יִן), Na 3:11; of infatuation Is 29:9 (וְלֹא יַיִן), of disgrace La 4:21, self-destruction, כֶּעָסִיס דָּמָם יִשׁ׳ Is 49:26. Pi. make drunken: Impf. 3 ms. sf. וַיְשַׁכְּרֵהוּ 2 S 11:13, lit.; fig. 1 s. (sf. of people) וַאֲשַׁכְּרֵם (read וָ׳) Is 63:6 (subj. י׳) I made them drunk in my wrath (but MSS Ges Hi Ew Che Kit Marti al. וָאֲשַׁבְּרֵם I brake them in pieces); Pt. fs., of Bab., מְשַׁכֶּרֶת כָּל־הָאָרֶץ Je 51:7; cf. Inf. abs. שַׁכֵּר Hb 2:15 (i. e. terrorizing nations; read prob. הַשְׁקֵה וְאַף שׁ׳ We Now). Hiph. id.: Pf. 1 s. וְהִשְׁכַּרְתִּ֫י Je 51:57 (subj. י׳) i.e. make princes helpless, וְהִשְׁכַּרְתִּים v 39; Imv. mpl. sf. הַשְׁכִּירֻהוּ, obj. Moab, i.e. make helpless and disgraced 48:26; Impf. 1 s. אַשְׁכִּיר חִצַּי מִדָּם Dt 32:42.—RubenJQ xi (1899), 446 proposes מַשְׁכִּירוֹת Ho 7:5 for משׁך ידו את. Hithp. Impf. 2 fs. תִּשְׁתַּכָּרִין 1 S 1:14 how long wilt thou make thyself drunken [a drunken spectacle]?

ὑπο-κρῐτής, οῦ, ὁ, one who answers: __I interpreter or expounder, τῆς δι᾽ αἰνιγμῶν φήμης Refs 5th c.BC+ __II in Attic dialect, one who plays a part on the stage, actor, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 of an orator, ποικίλος ὑ. καὶ περιττός (of Dem.) Refs 5th c.BC+; one who delivers, recites, declaimer, ἐπῶν Refs see at {ῥαψῳδοί}; rhapsodist, Refs 1st c.BC+; this sense or sense Refs is possible in Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II.3 metaphorically, pretender, dissembler, hypocrite, LXX+NT

† [תָּכַן] vb. regulate, measure, estimate (cf. Aramaic Pa. תַּכֵּן (rare) prepare (= הֵכִין, כּוֹנֵן); according to RySyn. d. Wahren u. Guten 33 a secondary √ from כון);— Qal Pt. estimate, fig.: וְתֹכֵן רוּחוֹת י׳ Pr 16:2, so (לִבּוֹת) 21:2; 24:12. Niph. 1. Pf. 3 pl. נִתְכְּנוּ עֲלִלוֹת [לוֹ] וְלֹא 1 S 2:3 by him (י׳) are actions estimated. 2. Impf., be adjusted to the standard, i.e. right, equitable: subj. דֶּרֶךְ (of י׳ and of Israel), 3 ms. יִתָּכֵן Ez 18:25(×2), 29(×2); 33:17(×2), 20; 3 mpl. יִתָּֽכְנוּ 18:29, יִתָּכֵּ֑נוּ v 25. Pi. Pf. 3 ms.: mete out, מַיִם תִּכֵּן בְּמִדָּה Jb 28:25; וְשָׁמַיִם בַּזֶּרֶת ת׳ Is 40:12 (‖ מדד, כול); מִי ת׳ אֶת־רוּחַ י׳ v 13 (v. Qal; read poss. הֵבִין or הֵכִין); 1 s. תִּכַּ֫נְתִּי עַמּוּדֶיהָ ψ 75:4 I regulate (or adjust) her pillars (i.e. of earth). Pu. Pt. הַכֶּסֶף הַמְּתֻכָּן 2 K 12:12 the silver which was measured out.

† I. מָעוֹן n.[m.] refuge, hence habitation;—abs. מ׳ ψ 71:3 +, cstr. מְעוֹן Je 25:30 +, sf. מְעוֹנֶ֑ךָ ψ 91:9, etc.;— 1. lair of jackals Je 9:10; 10:22; 49:33; 51:37 (all of desolated cities); מ׳ אֲרָיוֹת Na 2:12 (‖ מִרְעֶה; fig. of Nineveh). 2. dwelling of י׳: a. in heaven מ׳ קָדְשְׁךָ Dt 26:15 cf. Je 25:30 (‖ מָרוֹם), Zc 2:17 ψ 68:6; 2 Ch 30:27. b. in temple מ׳ בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ ψ 26:8, מְעוֹנוֹ 2 Ch 36:15 (only here alone). 3. fig. of י׳ as refuge of his people, צוּר מ׳ ψ 71:3, מ׳ alone 90:1; 91:9.—מ׳ 1 S 2:29, 32 is unintelling. (v. Comm.), poss. read מְעוֹיֵן (eyeing [enviously], v. עין denom.) Klo HPS, cf. 𝔊 Bu. מְעוֹנָהּ Zp 3:7 is difficult in context, 𝔊 We Now read מֵעֵינֶיה (cf. Jos 9:23; 2 S 3:29).

Included with: κᾰκός, ή, όν, __A bad: __A.I of persons, __A.I.1 of appearance, ugly, εἶδος μὲν ἔην κακός Refs 8th c.BC+ __A.I.2 of birth, ill-born, mean, γένος ἐστὲ διοτρεφέων βασιλήων.., ἐπεὶ οὔ κε κακοὶ τοιούσδε τέκοιεν Refs 8th c.BC+ __A.I.3 of courage, craven, base, Refs 8th c.BC+; Ἕκτωρ σε κ. καὶ ἀνάλκιδα φήσει Refs 8th c.BC+; οὐδαμῶν κακίονεςRefs 5th c.BC+ __A.I.4 bad of his kind, i. e. worthless, sorry, unskilled, ἡνίοχοι Refs 8th c.BC+; [τοξότης] ἢ κ. ἢ ἀγαθόςRefs 8th c.BC+; κ. ἀλήτης a bad beggar,Refs 4th c.BC+; κυβερνήτης, ναύτης, Refs 5th c.BC+ I am not bad in all things, Refs 8th c.BC+: with infinitive, κ. μανθάνειν Refs; [νῆσος] φυτεύεσθαι κακή Refs; compare 11. __A.I.5 in moral sense, base, evil, Refs 8th c.BC+; opposed to Χρηστός, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.I.6 wretched, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __A.II of things, evil, pernicious, frequently in Refs 8th c.BC+; Χόλος, ἔρις, Refs 8th c.BC+; πόλεμος, ἔπος, ἔργα, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἦμαρ, ἄνεμος, Refs 8th c.BC+; of omens and the like, unlucky, ὄρνις, ὄναρ, σῆμα, Refs 8th c.BC+; of words, abusive, foul, κ. λόγοι Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. ποιμήν, i.e. the storm, Refs 4th c.BC+: Astrology texts, unlucky, τόποι Refs 4th c.AD+; κ. τύχη, name for the sixth region, Refs 4th c.AD+ __B κακόν, τό, and κακά, τά, as substantive, evil, ill, δίδου δ᾽ ἀγαθόν τε κακόν τε Refs 8th c.BC+; so κ. ἄμαχον, ἄπρηκτα, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔκπαγλον, ἄφερτον, ἀμήχανον, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; κακὸν ἥκει τινί there's trouble in store for some one, Refs 5th c.BC+; δυοῖν ἀποκρίνας κακοῖν the least of two evils, Refs 5th c.BC+; κακῶν Ἰλιάς, see at {Ἰλιά; κακόν τι ῥέξαι τινά} to do harm or ill to any one, Refs 8th c.BC+; κακὰ φέρειν, τεύχειν τινί, Refs 8th c.BC+; κακόν τι (or κακὰ) ποιεῖν τινα (see. δράω, ποιέω, ἐργάζομαι); κακὸν πάσχειν ὑπό τινος to suffer evil from one, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.2 κακά, τά, evil words, reproaches, πολλά τε καὶ κακὰ λέγειν Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.3 Philos., κακόν, τό, Evil, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __B.4 of a person, pest, nuisance, τουτὶ παρέξει τὸ κ. ἡμῖν πράγματα Refs 5th c.BC+; also, comically, ὅσον συνείλεκται κακὸν ὀρνέων what a devil of a lot of birds, Refs __C degrees of Comparison: __C.1 regular comparative in Epic dialect, κακώτερος Refs 8th c.BC+: also in late Prose, Refs 4th c.AD+: irregular κακίων, ον [with ῐ], Refs 8th c.BC+, with ῑ in Trag., except Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.2 superlative κάκιστος Refs 8th c.BC+ __D adverb κακῶς ill, ἢ εὖ ἦε κακῶς Refs 8th c.BC+; κακῶς ποιεῖν τινα to treat one ill; κακῶς ποιεῖν τι to hurt, damage a thing; κακῶς ποιεῖν τινά τι to do one any evil or harm; κ. πράσσειν to fare ill, Refs 5th c.BC+; of illness, NT+4th c.BC+; Χρῆν Κανδαύλῃ γενέσθαι κ. Refs 5th c.BC+; with play on two senses, ὡς κ. ἔχει ἅπας ἰατρός, ἂν κ. μηδεὶς ἔχῃ Refs 3rd c.BC+; κ. ἐρεῖν τινά, λέγειν τὴν πόλιν, Refs 6th c.BC+; κ. εἰδότες, ={ἀγνοοῦντες}, Refs 5th c.BC+; κακῶς ἐκπέφευγα I have barely escaped, Refs 4th c.BC+: comparative κάκιον Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative κάκιστα Refs 5th c.BC+ __D.2 adverb and adjective frequently coupled in Trag., Attic dialect, etc., κακὸν κακῶς νιν.. ἐκτρῖψαι βίον NT+5th c.BC+; in reversed order, ὥσπερ ἀξία κακῶς κακὴ θανεῖται Refs 5th c.BC+; with intervening words, κακῶς.. ἀπόλλυσθαι κακούς Refs 5th c.BC+. (Perh. cognate with Avest. kasu-, comparative kasyah-, superlative kasišta- 'small', Lithuanian nukašëti 'grow feeble, thin', Refs 1st c.BC+ hager.)

† [חָגַג] vb. make pilgrimage, keep a pilgrim-feast (Arabic حَجَّ betake oneself to or towards an object of reverence; make a pilgrimage to Mecca; Sab. חגג make pilgrimage Sab. Denkm86, cf. 85; Syriac ܚܰܓܺܝ celebrate a feast. In Palm. חגגו is n.pr. VogNo. 61; cf. also Ph. n.pr. חגי, חגת);— Qal Pf. 2 mpl. חַגֹּתֶם Ex 12:14 + 2 times; Impf. 2 ms. תָּחֹג Ex 23:14 Dt 16:15; 3 mpl. יָח֫וֹגּוּ ψ 107:27 (Bö§ 1118 (2)); וְיָחֹ֫גּוּ Ex 5:1; 2 mpl. תָּחֹ֫גּוּ Lv 23:39, 41; sf. תְּהָגֻּ֫הוּ Ex 12:14; Imv. f. חָגִּי Na 2:1; Inf. cstr. חֹג Zc 14:18 + 2 times; Pt. חוֹגֵג ψ 42:5; pl. חֹגֲגִים 1 S 30:16;— 1. keep a pilgrim-feast, abs. Ex 5:1 (JE) of one proposed by Moses; שׁלשׁ רגלים תחג לי three times shalt thou make pilgrimage unto me (in the year) Ex 23:14 (covt. code); of pilgrim-feasts in general Na 2:1, the Passover Ex 12:14 (P); elsewhere feast of Booths; all celebrated in part by sacred processions and dances; המון חוגג ψ 42:5 multitude keeping festival (led by the Psalmist in procession); חגג חג Lv 23:39 (H), Nu 29:12 (P), Na 2:1 Zc 14:16, 18, 19; חגג אתו חג Ex 12:14 (P), Lv 23:41 (H); אתוֹ Lv 23:41 (H); sf. Ex 12:14 (P). 2. behave as at a חָג 1 S 30:16 (of the Amalekites when surprised by David i.e. enjoying themselves merrily, Dr; others, circling in the sacred dance). 3. reel, in giddiness on the sea ψ 107:27 (cf. חָגָּא Is 19:17); this either points to an earlier meaning of √; or better, the ψ being late, means reel as from festival excesses (‖ וְיָנוּעוּ כַשִּׁכּוֹר).

ἀνομ-ία, Ionic dialect -ιη, ἡ, lawlessness, lawless conduct, opposed to δικαιοσύνη, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 the negation of law, opposed to νόμος, Refs 4th c.BC+

κρείσσων, ον, genitive ονος, as always in Epic dialect and old Attic dialect; later Attic dialect κρείττων; Ionic dialect κρέσσων Refs 5th c.BC+ κάρρων (which see); Cretan dialect κάρτων Refs — _comparative_ of κρατύς (see. κράτιστος), stronger, mightier, Refs 8th c.BC+; especially in battle, Refs 6th c.BC+: hence, having the upper hand, superior, Refs 8th c.BC+: as Law-term, of witnesses, Refs [prev. cited] __2 frequently as comparative of ἀγαθός, better, κρέσσονες one's betters, especially in point of rank, Refs 5th c.BC+, of the greater gods, as opposed to to Oceanus, Refs 4th c.BC+ (anapaest meter); οἱ κ. the Higher Powers, Refs 5th c.BC+ the Almighty, Providence, Refs 4th c.AD+ one's advantages, Refs 5th c.BC+. __3 with infinitive, οὔ τις ἐμεῖο κρείσσων.. δόμεναι no one has a better right to.., Refs 8th c.BC+; κρεῖσσόν ἐστι with infinitive, 'tis better to.., Refs 5th c.BC+ with participle, κ. γὰρ ἦσθα μηκέτ᾽ ὢν ἢ ζῶν τυφλός thou wert better not alive, than living blind, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II with genitive or ἤ, too great for, surpassing, beyond, Refs 5th c.BC+; of evil deeds, κρείσσον᾽ ἀγχόνης too bad for hanging, Refs 5th c.BC+ too bad to look on, Refs 5th c.BC+; λέγετι σιγῆς κρεῖσσον Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. ἢ λόγοισιν (i.e. εἰπεῖν) Refs; πρᾶγμα ἐλπίδος κ. γεγενημένον worse than one expected, Refs 6th c.BC+. __III having control over, master of, especially of desires and passions, Refs 6th c.BC+; γαστρὸς καὶ κερδέων Refs over themselves, Refs 5th c.BC+ superior to the influence of money, Refs 6th c.BC+; also, putting oneself above, Refs 5th c.BC+; κρείσσους ὄντες.. τῷ λογισμῷ ἐς τὸ ἀνέλπιστον τοῦ βεβαίου having reasoned themselves into an absolute belief of the hopelessness of certainty, Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV better, more excellent, Refs 1st c.AD+; ὁ κρείττων λόγος (opposed to ὁ ἥσσων) Refs 5th c.BC+ in a higher sense, opposed to κατὰ τὸ χεῖρον, Refs 5th c.AD+ __V adverb Refs 5th c.BC+ probably took ει from ὀλείζων.)

μοιχ-εύω, commit adultery with a woman, debauch her, with accusative, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, of the woman, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 metaphorically, worship idolatrously, τὸ ξύλον καὶ τὸν λίθον LXX __II intransitive, commit adultery, Refs 6th c.BC+ __III metaphorically, in future middle (in passive sense), οὐ μοιχεύσεταί μου τὰ φιλήματα her kisses shall not be adulterously stolen from me, Refs 3rd c.AD+

† כָּלִיל adj. and subst. entire, whole, holocaust, cstr. כְּלִיל, fem. constr. כְּלִילַת:— 1. adj. Ez 16:14 (of Jerus.) the report בְּיָפְיֵךְ כִּי כָּלִיל הוּא, 28:12 כְּלִיל יֹֽפִי׃ (of the king of Tyre) entire, perfect in beauty; 27:3 אֲנִי כְּלִילַת יֹֽפִי׃ (of Tyre), La 2:15 (of Jerus.) הֲזֹאת הָעִיר שֶׁיֹּאמְרוּ כְּלִילַת יֹפִי. 2. subst. a. entirety, whole, Ex 28:31 thou shalt make the robe of the ephod כְּלִיל תְּכֵלֶת a whole of purple (i.e. wholly purple); so 39:22; Nu 4:6 בֶּגֶד כְּלִיל תְּכֵלֶת; Ju 20:40 והנה עלה כְּלִיל־הָעִיר השׁמימה the whole of the city (perhaps with allusion to meaning b); as adv. acc., Is 2:18 וְהָאֱלִילִים כָּלִיל יַחֲלֹף will pass away in entirety, wholly. b. as a sacrif. term, entire- or whole-offering, holocaust, of a sacrifice consumed wholly on the altar (cf. Ph. כלל CISI, i, 165, 167; RSRel. Sem. 237), usually a descriptive syn. of עוֹלָה: Dt 33:10 יָשִׂימוּ קְטוֹרָה בְּאַפֶּ֔ךָ וְכָלִיל עַל מִזְבְּחֶֽךָ׃, ψ 51:21 אז תחפץ זבחי צדק עוֹלָה וְכָלִיל, in app. 1 S 7:9 ויעלה עוֹלָה כָּלִיל ליהוה; of the priests’ מִנְחָה, Lv 6:15 ליהוה כָּלִיל תָּקְטָֽר, v 16 וְכָל־מִנְחַת כֹּהֵן כָּלִיל תִּהְיֶה לֹא תֵאָכֵל; fig. Dt 13:17 (of idol. city) ושׂרפת באשׁ את־העיר ואת־כל שׁללהּ כָּלִיל לי׳ אלהיך and thou shalt burn the city and all its spoil as a whole-offering to י׳.

† י֫שֶׁר n.m. ψ 25:21 straightness, uprightness;—יֹשֶׁר Pr 2:13 + 11 times; sf. יָשָׁרוֹ Jb 33:23 Pr 14:2;— 1. straightness, evenness, of paths (with moral implication) Pr 2:13; 4:11. 2. rightness, uprightness Pr 17:26; תֹּם וָיֹשֶׁר ψ 25:21; of words, spoken Jb 6:25, written Ec 12:10; of the moral walk בישׁר(ו) 1 K 9:4 Pr 14:2; יֹשֶׁר־לִבִּי Jb 33:3; ישׁר לבב Dt 9:5 ψ 119:7 1 Ch 29:17:—on ψ 111:8 v. יָשָׁר 4. 3. what is due, right Jb 33:23 Pr 11:24.

עָצֵל14 adj. sluggish, lazy;—always ע׳ abs.;—אִישׁ־ע׳ Pr 24:30; elsewhere subst. sluggard Pr 6:6, 9 + 10 times Pr + הֶע׳ 10:26.

† [הֲפוּגָה] n.f. id.;—pl. מֵאֵין הֲפֻגוֹת La 3:49 (of weeping; form very strange, read prob. פֻּגוֹת),

—

† תָּם adj. complete;—ת׳ Gn 25:27 + 10 times; sf. תַּמָּתִי Ct 5:2; 6:9 (late, except Gn 25:27);— 1. complete, perfect: in beauty Ct 5:2; 6:9; of physical strength ψ 73:4 (read לָ֑מוֹ תָּם Ew De DrSam xxxi Che Bae al.). 2. sound, wholesome: אִישׁ תָּם, of Jacob as tent-dweller, opp. Esau, hunter, Gn 25:27 (J; De leutseliger Mann, Di ruhig, still, AV RV plain man; ת׳ here poss. redactional, = 3). 3. complete, morally innocent, having integrity: אִישׁ תָּם Jb 1:8; 2:3; ת׳ alone 1:1; 8:20; 9:20, 21, 22 Pr 29:10 ψ 37:37; 64:5.—תַּמִּים Ex 26:24; 36:29 v. [תאם" dir="rtl" >תָּאם].

† זֵד adj. insolent, presumptuous:—ז׳ Pr 21:24; pl. זֵדִים Je 43:2 + 11 times;—always masc., and always of opposition to י׳, wickedness; with qualified noun expressed, only הָאֲנָשִׁים הַזֵּדִים Je 43:2, of opponents of Jerem.; elsewhere used substantively, as term. techn. for godless, rebellious men; once sg. זֵד יָהִיר לֵץ שְׁמוֹ Pr 21:24 a haughty, insolent one, scorner is his name (‖ עוֹשֶׂה בְּעֶבְרַת זָדוֹן); usually pl. Is 13:11 (גְּאוֹן ז׳; ‖ גַּאֲוַת עָרִיצִים); Mal 3:13 (‖ עֹשֵׂי רִשְׁעָה), v Mal 3:19 (‖ עֹשֵׁה רִשְׁעָה); and in ψ 86:14 (‖ עָרִיצִים), 119:21 (‖ הַשֹּׁגִים מִמִּצְוֹתֶיךָ), v 51, 69, 78, 85, 122; so prob. also ψ 19:14 גַּם מִזֵּדִים חֲשׂךְ עַבְדֶּ֑ךָ also from presumptuous men hold back thy servant (Ew Ol Hup CheRVm); >presumptuous sins De al. (AV RV).

† חַנּוּן adj. gracious, only used as an attribute of God, as hearing the cry of the vexed debtor Ex 22:26 (covt. code), ‖ מְרַחֵם ψ 116:5; elsewhere in the earlier phrase רַחוּם וְחַנּוּן Ex 34:6 (JE) = ψ 86:15; 103:8, or the later חַנּוּן וְרַחוּם 2 Ch 30:9; Ne 9:17, 31 ψ 111:4; 112:4; 145:8 Jo 2:13; Jon 4:2.

† חָנֵף adj. profane, irreligious (Syriac ܚܰܢܦܳܐ profane, hence often heathen, apostate; Arabic حَنِيفٌ inclining to a right state, especially the true religion, a Muslim)—abs. ח׳ Jb 8:13 + 10 times; pl. חֲנֵפִים Is 33:14; חַנְפֵי Jb 36:13 ψ 35:16;—profane, godless: of persons, אָדָם ח׳ Jb 34:30; גּוֹי ח׳ Is 10:6; as subst. godless man Is 9:16 (‖ מרע) Jb 8:13; 13:16; 17:8; 20:5; 27:8; Pr 11:9; coll. עֲדַת ח׳ Jb 15:34; pl. Is 33:14; חַנְפֵי־לֵב Jb 36:13; בְּחַנְפֵי לַעֲגֵי מָעוֹג ψ 35:16 as profane men, mockers for cake (i.e. table-jesters; on cstr. v. Ges§ 130, 5), but text dub. (v. Checrit. n. Bae).

† רַחוּם adj. compassionate; usually of God: אֵל רַחוּם Dt 4:31, ר׳ וְחַנּוּן Ex 34:6 (J) = ψ 86:15; 103:8; later חַנּוּן ור׳ 2 Ch 30:9; Ne 9:17, 31; Jo 2:13; Jon 4:2 ψ 111:4; 145:8; והוא ר׳ 78:38. Once of man ψ 112:4.

† שִׁכֹּר, שִׁכּוֹר adj. drunken (BaNB § 134 b);—abs. שִׁכֹּר 1 S 25:36, שִׁכּוֹר 1 K 16:9 +, f. שִׁכֹּרָה 1 S 1:13, pl. שִׁכּוֹרִים Jo 1:5, cstr. שִׁכֹּרֵי Is 28:1; 3;—drunken: 1 S 25:36, אִישׁ שׁ׳ Je 23:9, שֹׁתֶה שׁ׳ 1 K 16:9 drinking (and) drunken, 20:16; as subst. = drunken one, drunkard Is 28:1, 3 Pr 26:9, pl. Jo 1:5 (‖ שֹׁתֵי יַיִן); in sim. Is 19:14; Jb 12:25 ψ 107:27, and (of earth) Is 24:20; f. of drunken woman 1 S 1:13.

† [שָׁלַם] vb. denom. be in covenant of peace;— Qal Imv. שְׁלָ֑ם Jb 22:21 be at peace (in covt.); Pt. sf. שׁוֹלְמִי ψ 7:5 i.e. my ally, friend (cf. 41:10); Pt. pass. cstr. שְׁלֻמֵי 2 S 20:19, read שָׂמוּ EwG iii.264 Ges 130 f.N.4 Dr (cf. We). Pu. Pt. מְשֻׁלָּם Is 42:19 one in covt. of peace (with י׳; but 𝔊 משְׁלָם their ruler, so CheHpt; Ges Hi Ew al. one resigned (to God), read then מָשְׁלָם, cf. √, Arabic iv.; Kroch Grä Marti מְשֻׁלָּחִי). Hiph. Pf. 3 fs. הִשְׁלִ֫ימָה Jos 10:4; 11:19; 3 mpl. הִשְׁלִ֫ימוּ 10:1; Impf. יַשְׁלִים Is 44:26 +, יַשְׁלִם Pr 16:7; וַיַּשְׁלֵם 1 K 22:45, etc.;— 1. make peace with, אֶת, Jos 10:1, 4; 2 S 10:19 = 1 Ch 19:19 (עִם); עִם Dt 20:12 1 K 22:45; c. אֶל pregn. Jos 11:19 submitting unto. 2. cause to be at peace, אֶת, Pr 16:7. Hoph. Pf. 3 fs. הָשְׁלְמָה Jb 5:23 live in peace with, לְ (‖ ברית).

ἄδῐκος, ον, (δίκη) of persons, wrongdoing, unrighteous, unjust: ἄνθρωποιRefs 8th c.BC+: superlative -ώτατοςRefs 5th c.BC+ unjust in a thing, ἔς τινα towards a person, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. [ἐν τῷ ἀστραγαλίζειν] one who plays unfairly, Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, so unjust as to. NT.Heb.6.10. __2 ἄ. ἵπποι obstinate, unmanageable, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. γνάθος the hard mouth of a horse, Refs __II of things, unjust, unrighteous, ἔργαRefs 8th c.BC+; ἄ. λόγος frequently in Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄρχειν χειρῶν ἀ. begin an assault, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ δίκαιον καὶ τὸ ἄ., τὰ δίκαια καὶ τὰ ἄ. right and wrong, Refs 5th c.BC+; πλοῦτος ἄ. ill-gotten, unrighteous, LXX+5th c.BC+; ἡ ἄ... συναγωγὴ ἀνδρὸς καὶ γυναικός the unrighteous union, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. δίκη vexatious suit, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 of the punishment of wrongdoing, Ζεὺς νέμων ἄδικα κακοῖςRefs 5th c.BC+ __III ἄ. ἡμέρα, i.e. ἄνευ δικῶν, a day on which the courts were shut, Refs 2nd c.AD+ who has not appeared in court, Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV adverb -κωςRefs 6th c.BC+; εἴτε ὦν δὴ δικαίως εἴτε ἀ. jure an injuria, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐκ ἀ. not without reason, Refs 5th c.BC+

πόρν-η, ἡ, harlot, prostitute, Refs 7th c.BC+ because Greek prostitutes were commonly bought slaves.)

† I. [בּוּז] vb. despise (NH id.)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. בַּז Zc 4:10 (Köi. 439); fem. בָּזָ֫ה 2 K 19:21 (GK 72l) Impf. יָבוּז Pr 23:9; 3 fs. וְתָבֻז Pr 30:17; 2 ms. תָּבוּז (juss.) Pr 23:22; pl. יָבוּזוּ Pr 6:30 Ct 8:7; יָבֻזוּ Ct 8:1; Inf. abs. בּוֹז Ct 8:7; Pt. Pr 11:12 + 12 times;—despise, shew despite toward (WisdLt & poet.) c. acc. Pr 1:7; c. Inf. + ל Pr 30:17; elsewhere sq. ל + noun, Pr 6:30; 11:12; 13:13; 14:21; 23:9, 22 Ct 8:1, 7(×2) Zc 4:10.

† זְנוּנִים n.[m.] fornication, pl.abstr. intens. (Ol§ 215 a; DlPr 74, der. from √ זנן, Assyrian zanânu, fill full, cf. Dlib. 73)—ז׳ Ho 1:2 + 5 times, cstr. זְנוּנֵי Na 3:4 + 2 times, זְנוּנַיִךְ Ez 23:29, זְנוּנֶיהָ Ho 2:4 Na 3:4. a. sexual Gn 38:24 (J) Ho 1:2(×2). b. international Na 3:4(×2). c. religious 2 K 9:22 Ez 23:11, 29 Ho 2:4, 6; 4:12; 5:4.

ἐξουθεν-έω, ={ἐξουδενόω} LXX+NT+1st c.AD+

κᾰκία, ἡ, (κακός) badness in quality, opposed to ἀρετή (excellence), Refs 6th c.BC+; κακίᾳ ἡνιόχων by their incapacity, Refs defects, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 cowardice, faint-heartedness, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 moral badness, vice, μετ᾽ ἀρετῆς ἀλλ᾽ οὐ μετὰ κακίας Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἀρετή, ὡσαύτως δὲ.. καὶ ἡ κ. Refs 5th c.BC+; personified in the Fable of Prodicus, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 Philos., Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II ill-repute, dishonour, κ. ἀντιλαβεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 hurt, damage done or suffered, LXX+NT

† חָנוּן n.pr.m. (favoured; cf. Assyrian Ḫanunu, king of Gaza COT on 2 K 15:29);— 1. an Ammonite king 2 S 10:1, 2, 3, 4; 1 Ch 19:2(×2), 3, 4, 6. 2. Jewish chiefs, contemporaries of Nehemiah: a. Ne 3:13. b. Ne 3:30.

ἀγαθο-ποιέω, do good, NT+5th c.BC+ __2 ἀ. τινά do good to, [NT.Luke.6.33: with double _accusative LXX+NT __3 make good, τι Refs 3rd c.AD+ __4 Astrology texts, make favourable, Refs 2nd c.AD+: passive, Refs 5th c.AD+ __4.b exert beneficent influence, Refs 5th c.AD+ __II do well, act rightly, NT

ἁγι-ασμός, ον, ὁ, consecration, sanctification, LXX+NT

ἀσεβ-ής, ές, (σέβω) ungodly, unholy, profane, sacrilegious, opposed to εὐσεβής, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸν ἀσεβῆ, of Oedipus, Refs 5th c.BC+ against them, Refs 5th c.BC+adverb -βῶς, superlative -έσταταRefs 2nd c.AD+

ἀσέλγ-εια, ἡ, licentiousness, wanton violence, Refs 5th c.BC+; insolence, opposed to κολακεία, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II licentiousness, περὶ τὰς σωματικὰς ἐπιθυμίαςRefs 2nd c.BC+

δῐκαί-ωμα, ατος, τό, act of right, opposed to ἀδίκημα, Refs 4th c.BC+; duty, τὰ πρὸς ἀνθρώπους δ. Refs 1st c.AD+; properly amendment of a wrong, opposed to δικαιοπράγημα, Refs 4th c.BC+ __a judgement, penalty, Refs 5th c.BC+ __b justification, plea of right, LXX+5th c.BC+; δικαιώματα Ἑλληνίδων πόλεων, compiled by Refs 4th c.BC+ __c plural, pleadings, documents in a suit, Refs 3rd c.BC+; also, credentials, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __d act of δικαίὠσις NT __II ordinance, decree, LXX+NT

πόρνος, ὁ, catamite, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 sodomite, Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 in LXX and NT, fornicator, LXX+NT __II idolater, Refs

χρηστότης, ητος, ἡ, goodness, honesty, uprightness, χρηστότητα ἀσκεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+; χρηστότητος εἵνεκα as a reward for honesty, LXX+4th c.BC+; ἀκολουθεῖ τῇ ἀρετῇ χ.) Refs 4th c.BC+; ἡ σὴ χ., as a honorific address, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II goodness of heart, kindness, Refs 4th c.BC+ (but in depreciatory sense, soft-heartedness, Refs 4th c.BC+; χ. καὶ φιλοστοργία, φιλανθρωπία καὶ χ., NT+1st c.AD+; ποιεῖν χρηστότητα to show kindness, LXX+1st c.BC+ __II.2 simplicity, silly good nature, ἤθους ἀπλαστία μετ᾽ ἀλογιστίας, Refs 5th c.BC+

† II. [הָלַל] vb. be boastful, Pi. praise (Arabic هَلَّ shout, both in joy & (if conject. of Nö RS be right, v. cit. infr.) in terror; especially ii. in formula of worship; Syriac Pa. ܗܰܥܶܠ cecinit, laudavit; cf. NH הִלּוּל praise, הַלֵּל id., Hallel (ψ 113–118); Aramaic הִילּוּלָא marriage-song, &c.; on Assyrian alâlu, shout for joy, rejoice v. Lyon Sargontexte 66 (Cylinder, l. 36) also WincklerSargontexte 134, l. 194; 156, l. 149 KB44, l. 36; 80, l. 194; all variations of cry aloud, cf. NöZMG 1887, 723 RSSem 411; perhaps orig. break through, or out (in a cry), cf. WeSkizzen iii. 107 ff., especially 109; comp. also (according to PrätBAS i. 369 f.) Ethiopic ተማህለለ; implore (cf. Amhar. Tigr.), & መሀለ; swear)— Qal Impf. 2 mpl. תָּהֹ֑לּוּ ψ 75:5; Pt. הוֹלֲלִים ψ 5:6 + 2 times;—be boastful אַל־תָּהֹ֑לּוּ ψ 75:5 (‖ אַל־תָּרִימוּקָ֑רֶן); pt. boastful ones, boasters ψ 5:6 (‖ פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן); 73:3; 75:5 (both ‖ רְשָׁעִים). Pi. Pf. הִלֵּל ψ 10:3, 1 s. sf. הִלַּלְתִּיךָ ψ 119:164; 3 mpl. וְהִלֲלוּ consec. Is 62:9, sf. הִלֲלוּךָ Is 64:10, etc.; Impf. יְהַלֶּל־ ψ 63:6; 102:19; sf. יְהַלֶּלְךָ Pr 27:2, יְהַלֲלֶ֑ךָּ Is 38:18, וַיְהַלֲלָהּ Pr 31:28; 31 s. אֲהַלֵּל ψ 56:5 + 2 times, cohort. אֲהַלֲלָה ψ 69:31 + 2 times, etc.; Imv. fs. הַלֲלִי ψ 146:1; 147:12; mpl. הַלְלוּ ψ 104:35 + 30 times ψ + Je 20:13; 31:7; sf. הַלֲלוּ֫הוּ ψ 22:24 + 15 times ψ; Inf. abs. הַלֵּל 1 Ch 16:36; cstr. הַלֵּל 2 S 14:25 + 16 times Chr; Pt. pl. מְהַלֲלִים 1 Ch 23:5 + 4 times Ch;— 1. praise man or woman, acc. וַיְהַלֲלוּ אֹתָהּ אֶל־פַּרְעֹה Gn 12:15 (J) and they praised her to Pharaoh, cf. Pr 27:2; 31:28, 31 Ct 6:9; וְהַמְהַלֲלִים אֶת־הַמֶּלֶךְ 2 Ch 23:12 and those praising (shouting acclamations to) the king; v. also מְאֹד" dir="rtl" >לְהַלֵּל מְאֹד 2 S 14:25 (of Absalom’s beauty); in bad sense עֹזְבֵי תוֹרָה יְהַלֲלוּ רָשָׁע Pr 28:4 deserters of law praise a wicked man. 2. usually praise אֱלֹהִים, י׳, etc.: a. sq. acc. of heathen god Ju 16:24. b. obj. י׳ (אֱלֹהִים); ψ 119:164 (עַל on account of), subj. heaven, earth, seas, etc., ψ 69:35; תְּחִי נַפְשִׁי וּתְהַלֲלֶךָּ ψ 119·164;175; in summons to all creatures to praise 148:5, 13; Is 38:18 לֹא שְׁאוֹל תּוֹדֶךָּ מָוֶת יְהַלֲלֶ֑ךָּ (cf. ψ 115:17); often of public worship in sanctuary, Is 62:9 (thanksgiving in sanctuary after harvest), cf. 64:10 ψ 22:23 (‖ אֲסַפְּרָה שִׁמְךָ), v 27; 35:18; 109:30 (both ‖ אוֹדְךָ) 107:32 (‖ יְרוֹמֲמוּהוּ) 84:5, v. also 146:2 (‖ אֲזַמְּרָה לֵא׳) 149:3 (c. בְּ instr.; ‖ יְזַמְּרוּ לוֹ) also obj. שֵׁם י׳ (in some cases of public worship) ψ 74:21; 148:5, Jo 2:26 (thanksgiving after harvest); שֵׁם־אֱלֹהִים בְּשִׁיר ψ 69:31 (‖ וַאֲגַדְּלֶנּוּ בְתוֹדָה), 145:2 (‖ אֲכָֽרֲכֶ֑ךָּ); further, ψ 56:5 בֵּאלֹהִים אֲהַלֵּל דְּבָרוֹ, also v 11 + v 11b ביהוה וגו׳, but cf. Hup Che on 11b as editorial addition; obj. not expressed הַשְׁמִיעוּ הַלֲלוּ וְאִמְרוּ הוֹשַׁע י׳ אֶת־עַמְּךָ Je 31:7, וְשִׂפְתֵי רְנָנוֹת יְהַלֶּל־פִּי ψ 63:6. c. use of Imv. deserves special notice: הַלֲלוּהוּ ψ 22:24 (‖ כַּבְּדוּהוּ; of temple-worship cf. v 23, 25); also in summons to angels, sun, moon, etc. (all created things) to praise י׳ 148:2(×2), 3(×2), 4; 150:1; of temple-worship 150:2 (בְּ on account of) v 2 (כְּ), v 3(×2), 4(×2), 5(×2) (all c. בְּ instr.); further Je 20:13 (‖ שִׁירוּ לי׳), הַלֲלוּ אֶת־י׳ ψ 117:1 (addressed to nations, ‖ שַׁבְּחוּהוּ), 148:7 (created things), הַלֲלִי אֱלֹהַיִךְ צִיּוֹן 147:12 (‖ שַׁבְּחִי יְרוּשָׁלִַם אֶת־י׳). d. note especially: praise ye Yah! הַלֲלוּ־יָהּ ψ 135:3, liturgical (‖ זַמְּרוּ לִשְׁמוֹ); elsewhere always one word v. Baerψ p. 115, & always at beginning or end of ψ (chiefly late), appar. liturgical; הַלֲלוּיָ֑הֿ ψ 104:35 (‖ בָּֽרְכִי נַפְשִׁי אֶת־י׳), elsewhere הַלֲלוּיָהּ: (1) at beginning ψ 106:1; 111:1 (both ‖ הודה) 112:1; 113:1 (‖ הַלֲלוּ & ה׳ אֶת־שֵׁם י׳), 135:1 (‖ id.), 146:1 (‖ הַלֲלִי נַפְשִׁי אֶת־י׳), 147:1 (sq. זַמְּרָה in cl. with כִּי), 148:1 (‖ הַלֲלוּ אֶת־י׳, הַלֲלוּהוּ), 149:1 (‖ שִׁירוּ לי׳), 150:1 (‖ הַלֲלוּ־אֵל, הַלֲלוּהוּ); (2) at end ψ 104:35 (supr.), 105:45; 106:48; 113:9; 115:18 (‖ נְבָרֵךְ יָהּ), 116:19; 117:2; 135:21 (‖ בָּרוּךְ י׳) 146:10; 147:20; 148:14; 149:9; 150:6 (‖ כֹּל הַנְּשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל יָהּ); add to these (not liturgical) יְהַלֶּל־יָהּ ψ 102:19, כֹּל נְשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל יָהּ 150:6, לֹא הַמֵּתִים יְהַלֲלוּ־יָהּ 115:17. e. also sq. ליהוה, in Chr, of technical Levitical function (cf. LagOr. ii. 16 ff., who limits this technical הלל to priests, using חֲצֹצְרוֹת, for a signal to the people; v. e.g. Ne 12:24 cf. v 27), 1 Ch 16:4 (with instrumental music, cf. בִּכְלֵי נְבָלִים וּבְכִנֹּרוֹת & בַּמְצִלְתַּיִם, all v 5, and Ne 12:27) 23:30; 25:3 (all ‖ הוֹדוֹת); exercised (apparently) by both priests and Levites Ezr 3:11 (‖ הֹדוֹת) cf. v 11; by Levites 2 Ch 20:19 (בְּקֹל גָּדוֹל), 29:30 (בְּדִבְרֵי דָוִיד) in which the people also joined 1 Ch 16:36; also 2 Ch 5:13 (בַּחֲצֹצְרוֹת וּבִמְצִלְתַּיִם וּבִכְלֵי הַשִּׁיר cf. also v 12; ‖ הֹדוֹת), v 13 (appar. of Levites & priests), מְהַלֲלִים לי׳ בַּכֵּלִים 1 Ch 23:5 (Levites) cf. 2 Ch 30:21 (Levites & priests בִּכְלֵי עֹז לי׳); sq. לְשֵׁם תִּפְאַרְתֶּ֑ךָ 1 Ch 29:13 (‖ מוֹדִים; David speaks in name of people); sq. לְהַדְרַת־קֹ֑דֶשׁ 2 Ch 20:21 (before the army; ‖ מְשֹׁרֲרִים לי׳; prob. of Levites, cf. v 19). f. sq. acc. י׳ Ezr 3:10 (priests & Levites: עַל־יְדֵי דָּוִיד), Ne 5:13 (people). g. other forms, with like technical sense, but abs.: לְהַלֵּל לְהוֹדוֹת בְּמִצְוַת דָּוִיד Ne 12:24 (Levites) cf. 1 Ch 23:5 2 Ch 8:14; 29:30 (עַד־לְשִׂמְחָה) 2 Ch 31:2 (appar. priests & Levites; בְּשַׁעֲרֵי מַחֲנוֹת י׳; ‖ לְשָׁרֵת וּלְהֹדוֹת); v. also מוֹדִיעִים לְהַלֵּל 2 Ch 23:13 (‖ מְשׁוֹרֲרִים בִּכְלַי הַשִּׁיר); בְּהַלֵּל דָּוִיד בְּיָדָם 2 Ch 7:6 (‖ הֹדוֹת ליהוה). 3. appar. make one’s boast cf. Hithpa. 2 (sq. בְּ in, of), בֵּאלֹהִים ψ 44:9 (‖ שִׁמְךָ לְעוֹלָם נוֹדֶה); so, according to most, in bad sense, ה׳ רָשָׁע עַל־תַּאֲוַת נַפְשׁוֹ ψ 10:3 a wicked man boasteth of the desire of his soul, but Che praiseth (י׳) for (i.e. in a mercenary spirit). Pu. Pf. 3 pl. הוּלָּ֑לוּ ψ 78:63; Impf. יְהֻלַּל־ Pr 12:8; Pt. מְהֻלָּל 2 S 22:4 + 6 times; f. הַהֻלָּ֑לָה Ez 26:17 (cf. Ol§ 250 c Sta§ 220, 617 b; MT, however, accents as Pf., regarding הַ as = relative, v. Sta§ 176 c Ges§ 52. 2, R. 6);—be praised, 1. human subj., be praised, commended Pr 12:8 (opp. יִהְיֶה לָבוּז); of maidens, praised, celebrated (in song) ψ 78:63; pt. (v. supr.) of city, renowned Ez 26:17. 2. of י׳, only pt. = gerundive, to be praised, worthy of praise 2 S 22:4 = ψ 18:4; גָּדוֹל י׳ וּמְה׳ מְאֹד ψ 48:2; 96:4 = 1 Ch 16:25, ψ 145:3; so מְה׳ שֵׁם י׳ 113:3. Hithpa. Impf. יִתְהַלֵּל 1 K 20:11 + 5 times; יִתְהַלָּ֑ל Pr 20:14; 3 fs. תִּתְהַלֵּל ψ 34:3, תִּתְהַלָּ֑ל Pr 31:30; 2 ms. תִּתְהַלֵּל ψ 52:3 Pr 27:1; תִּתְהַלָּ֑ל Is 41:16; 2 fs. תִּתְהַלֲלִי Je 49:4; 3 mpl. יִתְהַלֲלוּ ψ 64:11 Is 45:25; יִתְהַלָּ֑לוּ ψ 49:7 Je 4:2; Imv. mpl. הִתְהַלֲלוּ 1 Ch 16:10 ψ 105:3; Inf. לְהִתְהַלֵּל ψ 106:5; Pt. מִתְהַלֵּל Pr 25:14 Je 9:23; pl. מִתְהַלֲלִים ψ 97:7;—glory, boast, make one’s boast:— 1. of self-confident boasting, abs. 1 K 20:11 cf. Pr 20:14; sq. בְּ of ground of boast Je 9:22(×3); 49:4 ψ 49:7; 52:3 Pr 25:14, אַל־תִּתְהַלֵּל בְּיוֹם מָחָר Pr 27:1; of glorying in idols הַמִּתְהַלֲלִים בָּאֱלִילִים ψ 97:7. 2. of glorying, making one’s boast in (בְּ, on the ground of) י׳: בי׳ תִּתְהַלֵּל נַפְשִׁי ψ 34:3, cf. Is 45:25 Je 4:2 (‖ וְהִתְבָּֽרְכוּ בוֹ); sq. בִּקְדוֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל Is 41:16; v. also ψ 105:3 = 1 Ch 16:10 sq. בְּשֵׁם קָדְשׁוֹ (‖ יִשְׂמַח לֵב מְבַקְשֵׁי י׳), cf. further Je 9:23; less often abs. Je 9:23 ψ 63:12; 64:11 & 106:5 sq. עִם־נַחֲלָתֶ֑ךָ together with thine heritage (‖ לִשְׂמֹחַ בְּשִׂמְחַת גּוֹיֶ֑ךָ). 3. once, late = pass. be praised, commended, of God-fearing woman Pr 31:30. Poʿel Impf. יְהוֹלֵל Is 44:25 + 2 times;—make into a fool, make fool of, obj. שֹׁפְטִים Jb 12:17 (subj. י׳; ‖ מוֹלִיךְ יוֹעֲצִים שׁוֹלָ֑ל); obj. קֹסְמִים Is 44:25 (subj. י׳ ‖ מֵפֵר אֹתוֹת בַּדִּים); obj. חָכָם Ec 7:7 (subj. הָעשֶׁק; ‖ וִיאַבֵּד אֶת־לֵב מַתָּנָה). Poʿal Pt. לִשְׂחוֹק אָמַרְתִּי מְהוֹלָ֑ל Ec 2:2 of laughter I said, It is mad (folly); מְהוֹלָלַי ψ 102:9 those mad against me (‖ אוֹיְבָ֑י). Hithpo. Impf. וַיִּתְהֹלֵל 1 S 21:14; 3 mpl. יִתְהֹלֲלוּ Je 51:7, יִתְהוֹלֲלוּ Na 2:5, יִתְהֹלָ֑לוּ Je 50:38; Imv. mpl. הִתְהֹלֲלוּ Je 46:9, הִתְהֹלָ֑לוּ Je 25:16;—act madly, or like a madman, וַיִּתְהֹלֵל בְּיָדָם 1 S 21:14 (of David) and he acted like a madman in their hands; of idolatrous worship by Chaldeans וּבָאֵימִים יִתְה׳ Je 50:38; of nations, as drunken men, fig. of terror at Yahweh’s judgments, Je 25:16 (‖ הִתְגֹּעֲשׁוּ) 51:7; also of madly driving & jolting chariots Na 2:5 Je 46:9.

† [זִיד, זוּד] vb. boil up, seethe, act proudly, presumptuously, rebelliously (NH Hiph. הזיד as Heb.; Aramaic of Zinjirli זד presumptuous, DHMSendsch. 56; Arabic زَادَ (med. ى) increase, exceed, exaggerate, e.g. in talk; also Sab. n.pr. זיד (زَيْد) DHMEpigr. Denkm. 44 זידאל Id. ib. 52 (on distinct. betw. זוד and זיד in Sab. v. Sab.Denkm. 64); perhaps also Sab. מזדודן great one, prince, e.g. SabDenkm 89)— Qal Pf. 3 fs. זָ֫דָה Je 50:29; 3 pl. זָ֫דוּ Ex 18:11;—of Egyptians, בַּדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר זָדוּ עֲלֵיהֶם Ex 18:11 (E) in the matter as to which they acted presumptuously against them; of Babylon, אֶל־י׳ זָדָה Je 50:29 against י׳ hath she acted presumptuously. Hiph. Pf. 3 pl. הֵזִידוּ Ne 9:10 + 2 times; Impf. 3 ms. יָזִיד Dt 18:20, יָזִד Ex 21:14; וַיָּ֫זֶד Gn 25:29; 3 mpl. יְזִידוּן Dt 17:13; 2 mpl. וַתָּזִדוּ Dt 1:43; 1. boil, seethe, trans., וַיָּ֫זֶד יַעֲקֹב נָזִיד Gn 25:29 and Jacob boiled pottage. 2. act presumptuously, insolently, Ex 21:14 (JE) כִּי יָזִד אִישׁ עַל־רֵעֵהוּ לְהָרְגוֹ בְעָרְמָה when a man acteth presumptuously against his neighbour to slay him; usually against י׳; sq. vb. fin. Dt 1:43 and ye acted presumptuously and went up; sq. inf. 18:20 the prophet who shall presume to speak a word in my name; also abs. 17:13; elsewhere only Ne; of Egyptians 9:10 sq. עַל (= Qal Ex 18:11); abs. v 16 (‖ וַיַּקְשׁוּ אֶת־עָרְפָּם וְלֹא שָֽׁמְעוּ וגו׳); v 29 (‖ וְלֹא שָֽׁמְעוּ וגו׳).

† [עָוָה] vb. denom. (Gerber90) commit iniquity, do wrong (Aramaic עוי commit sin, עֲוָיָא sin, cf. LevyNHWB iii. 626);— Qal (late) Pf. 3 fs. עָֽוְתָה Est 1:16 she hath done wrong (c. עַל); 1 pl. עָוִינוּ Dn 9:5 we have committed iniquity (‖ חָטָא). Hiph. commit iniquity;—Pf. 3 ms. הֶעֱוָה 2 S 19:20; 1 s. הֶעֱוֵיתִי 24:17 (‖ חָטָא); 1 pl. הֶעֱוִינוּ 1 K 8:47 = 2 Ch 6:37, ψ 106:6 (all ‖ חָטָא); Inf. abs. הַעֲוֵה Je 9:4, cstr. sf. הַעֲוֹתוֹ 2 S 7:14.—Jb 33:27 v. עָוָה" dir="rtl" >I. עָוָה.

† שַׁאֲנָן adj. at ease, secure (BaNB § 143 a Ges§ 84 b k);—abs. שׁ׳ Is 33:20; pl. שַׁאֲנַנִּים Am 6:1 +, שַׁאֲנַנּוֹת Is 32:9, 11, 18;— 1. at ease, secure: נָוֶה שׁ׳ Is 33:20 secure habitation (of Jerus.), cf. מְנוּחוֹת שׁ׳ 32:18 (‖ מִבְטַחִים). 2. as subst., one at ease, free from misfortune, Jb 12:5. 3. at ease, with collat. idea of careless, wanton, arrogant, Am 6:1; Is 32:9, 11; Zc 1:15 ψ 123:4. 4. as subst. abstr. = arrogance: sf. שַׁאֲנַנְךָ 2 K 19:28 (‖ הִתְרַגֶּזְךָ) = Is 37:29, but שְׁאוֹנְךָ thine uproar, BuZAW xii (1892), 36 Gr Che Marti Kit (perhaps), Bur. cf. שַׁלְאֲנָן" dir="rtl" >שׁלאנן.

† [תַּהְפֻּכָה] n.f. perversity, perverse thing (only Pr except Dt 32:20)—Pl. abs. תַּהְפֻּכוֹת Dt 32:20 + 8 times; cstr. id. Pr 2:14;—perverse things, particularly utterances Pr 2:12; 10:32; 23:33, cf. פִּי ת׳ 8:13, לְשׁוֹן ת׳ 10:31, and even אִישׁ ת׳ Pr 16:28 (‖ נִרְגָּן slanderer); but also thoughts, devices Pr 6:14; 16:30; דּוֹר ת׳ Dt 32:20 = perverse generation (‖ לֹא־אֵמֻן בָּם), ת׳ רָ֑ע Pr 2:14 (‖ עֲשׂוֹת רָ֑ע).

ἄμωμος, ον, blameless, Refs 7th c.BC+; without blemish, εἶδος ἄ.Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 unblemished, of victims, etc., LXX+NT+1st c.AD+ __3 unimpaired, perfect, ὑγίειαRefs 4th c.BC+

ἐκδῐκ-ησις, εως, ἡ, avenging, ἐ. ποιεῖσθαι to give satisfaction, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐ. ποιεῖσθαί τινος obtain it from.., Refs; legal remedy, Refs 6th c.AD+; ἐ. ποιεῖν τινι avenge him, NT

καταφρον-έω, look down upon, think slightly of, τινος Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 with accusative, regard slightly, despise, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be despised, ὑπό τινων Refs 5th c.BC+: future - φρονηθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist -εφρονήθην Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 absolutely, to be disdainful, deal contemptuously, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ -φρονοῦν contempt, Refs 1st c.BC+ __4 with infinitive, think contemptuously that.., presume, καταφρονήσαντες Ἀρκάδων κρέσσονες εἶναι Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 with accusative et genitive, like{καταγιγνώσκω}, κ. τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἀδυνασίαν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II c.accusative of things, fix one's thoughts upon, aim at, τὴν τυραννίδα Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὺς βύστακας μὴ καταφρόνει do not think of your moustache, do not aim at having one (because the Spartans had to shave the upper lip, compare μύσταξ), Refs 4th c.BC+ __III come to one's senses, Refs 5th c.BC+

† זְנוּת n.f.abstr. fornication;—ז׳ Ho 4:11; 6:10; sf. זְנוּתֵךְ Je 13:27 Ez 23:27; זְנוּתָהּ Je 3:9; זְנוּתָם Ez 43:7, 9; זְנוּתַיִךְ Je 3:2; זְנוּתֵיכֶם Nu 14:33. a. sexual Ho 4:11. b. international Ez 23:27. c. religious Nu 14:33 (J) Je 3:2, 9; 13:27 Ez 43:7, 9 Ho 6:10 (where WeKl. Proph. suggests זָנִיתָ); cf. זָנָה" dir="rtl" >זָנָה 3.

ἁπλότης, ητος, ἡ, singleness, τῆς φωνῆςRefs 4th c.BC+ __II simplicity, πόλεωςRefs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 of persons, simplicity, frankness, sincerity, NT+5th c.BC+ __II.3 open-heartedness: hence, liberality, Refs

ἀργός, όν, __Blater ή, όν Refs 4th c.BC+:—properly not working the ground, Refs 5th c.BC+; idle, lazy, opposed to ἐργάτις, Refs 6th c.BC+; ἀ. τὴν διάνοιανRefs 5th c.BC+; ἂν ἀ. ᾖ if he have no trade, Refs 4th c.BC+: with genitive of things, idle at a thing, free from it, τῶν οἴκοθεν from domestic toils, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. αἰσχρῶν slow to evil, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.2 of things, δόρυRefs 5th c.BC+; of money, lying idle, yielding no return, opposed to ἐνεργός, Refs 4th c.BC+ and 20; of land, lying fallow, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to πεφυτευμένος, Refs 3rd c.AD+; διατριβὴ ἀ. in which nothing is done, fruitless, Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb ἀργῶς, ἐπιμέλεσθαιRefs 5th c.BC+ __B.2.b ἀ. λόγος, name of a sophism, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __B.II passive,unwrought, ἁρμός, κυμάτιον, Refsunprepared for eating, Refs 5th c.BC+; βύρσαι undressed hides, Refs 2nd c.BC+; unpolished, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.II.2 not done, left undone, κοὐκ ἦν ἔτ᾽ οὐδὲν ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐκ ἐν ἀργοῖς not among things neglected, Refs 6th c.BC+ __B.II.3 unattempted, μάχηRefs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.4 Astrology texts, τόπος ἀ., name of the Refs 2nd c.AD+

εὐθύς, εῖα, ύ, Ionic dialect and Epic dialect ἰθύς (which see: so always in Hom.and Refs 5th c.BC+, __A straight, direct, whether vertically or horizontally, opposed to σκολιός, καμπύλος, Refs 5th c.BC+; κατὰ τὸ εὐθὺ ἑστάναι stands still with reference to the vertical, of a spinning top, Refs; εὐ. πλόος, ὁδοί, Refs 5th c.BC+; εὐθείᾳ (i.e. ὁδῷ) by the straight road, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν εὐ. Refs 5th c.BC+; πλήρης τοῦ εὐθέος tired of going straight forward, Refs; ἡ ἐς τὸ εὐ. τῆς ῥητορικῆς ὁδός the direct road to.., Refs 2nd c.AD+; κατ᾽ εὐθύ on level ground, LXX; but ἡ κατ᾽ εὐ. τάσις in the direct line, Refs 1st c.BC+; on the same side, Refs 2nd c.AD+; also, opposed to εἰς τὸ ἐντός, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __A.2 in moral sense, straightforward, frank, of persons, εὐθὺν χρὴ τὸν ἑταῖρον ἔμμεν καὶ μὴ σκολιὰ φρονεῖν Refs 7th c.BC+; ὁ εὐθὺς λόγος Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀπὸ τοῦ εὐθέος λέγειν to speak straight out, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐκ τοῦ εὐ. ὑπουργεῖν outright, openly, without reserve, Refs; ἐκ τοῦ εὐ., opposed to δι᾽ αἰνιγμάτων, Refs 1st c.AD+; ἀπ᾽ εὐθείας Refs; κατ᾽ εὐθεῖαν by direct reasoning, Refs 5th c.AD+; μηδὲν ἐξ εὐθείας παρέχει (an amulet) does no good directly, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __A.3 εὐθεῖα, ἡ, as substantive, __A.3.a (i.e. γραμμή) straight line, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐπ᾽ εὐθείας εἶναι lie in a straight line, Refs 3rd c.BC+; ἐπὶ τὴν αὐτὴν εὐ., ἐπὶ τῆς αὐτῆς εὐ. ἐκτείνειν, in the same line, Refs 2nd c.BC+: comparative, εὐθυτέρα ἡ γραμμὴ γίνεται Refs 4th c.BC+ __A.3.b (i.e. πτῶσις) nominative case, Refs 2nd c.BC+; κατ᾽ εὐθύ in the nominative, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B as adverb, εὐθύς and εὐθύ, the former properly of Time, the latter of Place, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __B.I εὐθύ, of Place, straight, usually of motion or direction, εὐθὺ Πύλονδε straight to.., Refs 5th c.BC+; εὐ. [τὴν ἐπὶ] Βαβυλῶνος straight towards.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀποθανούμενος ᾔει εὐ. τοῦ δαιμονίου in opposition to.., Refs 5th c.BC+; compare ἰθύς. __B.I.b νῆσον οἰκεῖ εὐθὺ Ἴστρου opposite.., Refs 2nd c.AD+ __B.I.2 ={ἁπλῶς}, simply, καλεῖν Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.I.3 rarely of Time, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.II εὐθύς, __B.II.1 of Time, straightway, forthwith, Refs 5th c.BC+; joined with other adverbial words, τάχα δ᾽ εὐ. ἰών Refs 5th c.BC+; εὐ. παραχρῆμα (see. entry παραχρῆμα); εὐ. ἀπ᾽ αρχῆς Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξ ἀρχῆς εὐ. Refs 5th c.BC+; εὐ. ἐκ νέου, ἐκ παιδός, even from one's youth, Refs 5th c.BC+: with a participle, εὐ. νέοι ὄντες Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ θέρους εὐ. ἀρχομένου just at the beginning of summer, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀρξάμενος εὐ. καθισταμένου [τοῦ πολέμου] from the very beginning of the war, Refs; εὐ. ἀποβεβηκότι immediately on disembarking, Refs; εὐ. γενομένοις at the moment of birth, Refs 5th c.BC+: metaphorically, at once, naturally, ὑπάρχει εὐθὺς γένη ἔχον τὸ ὄν Being falls at once into genera, Refs 4th c.BC+: with substantive, ἡ τῶν Ἰταλιωτῶν εὐθὺς φυγή Refs 2nd c.AD+ __B.II.2 less frequently in a local relation, ὑπὲρ τῆς πόλεως εὐ. just above the city, Refs 5th c.BC+; παρ᾽ αὐτὴν εὐ. ὁ ἔσπλους ἐστίν directly past it (the mole), Refs; ἐγγύτατα τούτου εὐ. ἐχομένη immediately adjoining this, Refs 3rd c.BC+; εὐ. ἐπὶ τὴν γέφυραν Foed. cited in Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν εὐ. Ἄργους κἀπιδαυρίας ὁδόν the road leading straight to Argos, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.3 of Manner, directly, simply, variant in Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.4 like{αὐτίκα} Refsfor instance, to take the first example that occurs, ὥσπερ ζῷον εὐθύς Refs 4th c.BC+ __C regular adverb εὐθέως, used just as εὐθύς, Refs 5th c.BC+; αἰσθόμενος εὐθέως as soon as he perceived, Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.2 ={εὐθύς} Refs 5th c.BC+ as for example, Refs 5th c.BC+; so εὐ. alone, Refs 1st c.AD+ is the commoner form in later Greek, Refs 3rd c.BC+

πορν-εύω, prostitute, mostly in passive, of a woman, prostitute herself, be or become a prostitute, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a man, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II intransitive in active, = passive, LXX+3rd c.BC+fornicate, NT __II.2 metaphorically, practise idolatry, LXX

† גֵּאֶה adj. proud, Jb 40:11, 12 Is 2:12 Je 48:29; pl. גֵּאִים ψ 94:2; 140:6 Pr 15:25; 16:19; cstr. גְּאֵי ψ 123:4 Qr גאי יונים (> Kt גאייונים), yet cf. De al.

† חֲטָאָה n.f. sin, sin-offering (?)— 1. sin, chiefly in the phrase ח׳ גְדֹלָה great sin Gn 20:9 (E) Ex 32:21, 30, 31 (JE), 2 K 17:21; כְּסוּי ח׳ ψ 32:1 he whose sin is covered is blessed; but the prayer of the wicked becomes sin when he is judged ψ 109:7. 2. sin-offering (according to most) עולה וחטאה ψ 40:7 whole burnt-offering and sin-offering (so Vrss Thes MV SS al., but whole burnt-offering with sin v. BrMP 329).

† מָנוֹס n.m. Am 2:14 1. flight. 2. place of escape, refuge;—abs. מ׳ Am 2:14 + 5 times; sf. מְנוּסִי 2 S 22:3 Je 16:19;— 1. flight, acc. cogn. c. נוּס Je 46:5. 2. (place of) escape; אָבַד מ׳ מִן escape perished from, = there was no escape for, Am 2:14 Je 25:35 Jb 11:20 ψ 142:5; of י׳ as a refuge 2 S 22:3 (‖ משׂגב; מנוס וגו׳ not ‖ ψ 18:3; text disputed, Kit Bu retain in Sm, Klo Bae Löhr Du ins. in ψ; ψ 59:17 (‖ id.); Je 16:19 (‖ עז, מעוז).

† II. [רָעַע] vb. break (Aramaic loan-word = Heb. רָצַץ q.v.);— Qal Pf. 3 pl. רָעוּ Je 11:16; Impf. 3 ms. יָרֹעַ Je 15:12; Jb 34:24, 2 ms. sf. תְּרֹעֵם ψ 2:9 (but v. infr.); inf. abs. רֹ֫עָה Is 24:19 (del. ה as dittogr. and read רֹעַ, v. Hithpōʿ.); Pt. f. רֹעָה (? for רֹעֲעָה) Pr 25:19:— 1. trans. הֲיָרֹעַ כַּרְזֶל בַּרְזֶל וגו׳ Je 15:12 can one break iron, iron out of the north? cf. יָרֹעַ כַּבִּירִים Jb 34:24; תְּרֹעֵם בְּשֵׁבֶט בַּרְזֶל ψ 2:9 (but read תִּרְעֵם, v. I. רעה, 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Hup-Now al.). 2. intrans. break = be broken, of branches Je 11:16 (in fig.; Gf Or al.; > Hi Gie are in a sad state, √ I. רעע); שֵׁן רֹעָה Pr 25:19 a broken tooth (ר׳ = רֹעֲעָה?; Frankenb Niph. Pt. נְרָעָה, cf. Toy, but Niph. not elsewhere; Vrss רָעָה bad).—רֹ֫עוּ Is 8:9 read דְּעוּ (𝔊 Lo Che al., ‖ הַאֲזִינוּ). Hithpōʿ. Pf. 3 fs. + Qal inf. abs. (v. supr.) רֹעַ הִתְרֹעֲעָה הָארץ Is 24:19 the earth is broken asunder (‖ פּוֹר הִתְפּוֹרְרָה, מוֹט הִתְמוֹטְטָה); also inf. cstr. לְהִתְרוֹעֵעַ Pr 18:24 will be broken in pieces (Ges§ 114 i), ruined, De al., but לְהִתְרָעוֹת Vrss Toy al., v. רָעָה²" dir="rtl" >II. רעה Hithp. (see, however, DrExpos. Times xi (1899–1900), 230 f.).

ἀτῑμ-άζω, future -άσωRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἠτίμασαRefs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἠτίμακαRefs 5th c.BC+:—passive, perfect ἠτίμασμαιRefs 5th c.BC+ 3.21B.: aorist ἠτιμάσθηνRefs 5th c.BC+: future ἀτιμασθήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+: (ἄτιμος):—hold in no honour, esteem lightly, with accusative, once in Refs 8th c.BC+; frequently in Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀ. καὶ κολάζειν, opposed to ἐπαινεῖν καὶ τιμᾶν, Refs 5th c.BC+; bring dishonour upon, τὴν πόλινRefs 5th c.BC+ the words thou speakest in dishonour of the city, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, suffer dishonour, insult, etc., πρός τινοςRefs 5th c.BC+; τῷ γεγενημένῳ put to shame by.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 with genitive of things, treat as unworthy of, μηδ᾽ ἀτιμάσῃς λόγου (i.e. ἐμέ) Refs 4th c.BC+; μή μ᾽ ἀτιμάσῃς ὧν σε προστρέπω φράσαι, ={τούτων ἅ σε πρ. φρ}., Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 with infinitive, ὦ θάνατε Παιάν, μή μ᾽ ἀτιμάσῃς μολεῖν do not deem me unworthy of thy visit, Refs 4th c.BC+; μήτοι μ᾽ ἀτιμάσῃς τὸ μὴ οὐ θανεῖν σὺν σοί deem me not unworthy to die, Refs 5th c.BC+; but also οὐκ ἀτιμάσω θεοὺς προσειπεῖν will not disdain to.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II in legal sense, disfranchise, ὑπὸ τῆς πόλεως ἠτιμασμένοςRefs 4th c.BC+; at Rome, of the Censors, punish with ignominia, Refs 2nd c.AD+

ἐρῑθ-εία, ἡ, labour for wages, Refs 5th c.AD+ __II canvassing for public office, intriguing, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 selfish or factious ambition, ζῆλος καὶ ἐ. NT; plural, intrigues, party squabbles, NT

μοιχ-ᾰλίς, ίδος (also accusative μοιχαλίν LXX+NT+3rd c.AD+; in religious sense, unfaithful to God, NT: so as adjective, adulterous, γενεά NT __II ={μοιχεία}, NT

παρά-βᾰσις, Epic dialect παραίβ-, εως, ἡ, going aside, escape, παραίβασις ἔσσετ᾽ ὀλέθρου Refs 3rd c.BC+; deviation, variant in Refs 4th c.BC+; digression, Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 of the action of walking, π. καὶ παράλλαξις σκελῶν Refs 1st c.AD+ __3 transition, passage, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II overstepping, ὅρων Refs 1st c.BC+: absolutely, transgression, LXX+NT+1st c.AD+; error, illusion, Refs 4th c.BC+; compare παραβασία. __III parabasis, a part of the Old Comedy, in which the Chorus came forward (compare παραβαίνω IV) and addressed the audience in the Poet's name, Refs 5th c.BC+

φῡσιόω, (φῦσα) puff up, NT:—passive, πρὸς τὰ θέματα πεφυσιωμένος NT+1st c.BC+

χρηστός, ή, όν, (χράομαι) of things, like{χρήσιμος}, useful, good of its kind, serviceable, [τόξα] χρηστὰ οὐδέν Refs 5th c.BC+; [γῆ] Refs 5th c.BC+; οἰκία, opposed to μοχθηρά, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ χ. μέλιττα, opposed to οἱ κηφῆνες, Refs 4th c.BC+: frequently of wholesome food, μελίτωμα Refs; ποτόν, σῖτος, Refs 5th c.BC+: with genitive, for a thing, νεύρων for the sinews, Refs 4th c.BC+ (but pleasant to taste, nice, Refs 5th c.BC+; of victims and omens, auspicious, ἱρά, σφάγια, Refs 5th c.BC+; τελευτὴ χ. a happy end or issue, Refs: plural, τὰ χ., as substantive, benefits, kindnesses, Refs; χρηστόν τι συμβουλεύειν, χρηστὰ ἐπιτηδεύειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; χρηστὰ λέγειν, πράττειν, etc., Refs 4th c.BC+ also, happy event, ἐκτελοῖτο δὴ τὰ χ. Refs 4th c.BC+; prosperity, success, τὰ χ. δ᾽ αὔθ᾽ ἕκαστ᾽ ἔχει φίλους Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 in moral sense, opposed to κακός, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to πονηρός, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ χ., opposed to τὸ αἰσχρόν, Refs 5th c.BC+; χρηστός, opposed to λυπρός, Refs 5th c.BC+ if working for good, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 good for its purpose, effective (even for evil), τραῦμα, δῆγμα, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __4 Grammars, in use, current, ποιηταῖς χρηστά Refs __II of persons, good, especially in war, valiant, true, Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, good, honest, worthy, Refs 5th c.BC+; of women, ἐρεῖ τις ὡς Κλυταιμνήστρα κακή· Ἄλκηστιν ἀντέθηκα χρηστήν Refs 4th c.BC+; of good citizens, useful, deserving, Refs 5th c.BC+; but also ironically, ὁ χ. οὑτοσί Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.b frequently on Epitaphs, Refs __II.c with infinitive, ὅσοι προβατεύειν χ. Refs 4th c.AD+ __II.2 οἱ χρηστοί, like{οἱ ἀγαθοί}, those of good family, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 of the gods, propitious, merciful, bestowing health or wealth, θεῶν χρηστῶν ἥκειν εὖ Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 of men, good, kindly, δούλῳ.. χ. γενόμενός ἐστι δεσπότης πατρίς NT+4th c.BC+ __II.4.b sometimes simple, silly, like{εὐήθης, χρηστὸς εἶ ὅτι ἡγῇ}.., you're a nice fellow, to think that.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 of a man, strong, able in body for sexual intercourse, ={γυναικὶ χρῆσθαι δυνάμενος}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.6 of the dead, whence χρηστὸν ποιεῖν ={ἀποκτιννύναι}, in a treaty between the Spartans and Tegea, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III adverb -τῶς well, properly, Refs 5th c.BC+

† בֵּית אָ֫וֶן n.pr.loc. (house of iniquity or idolatry? hardly likely unless as alteration of orig. בֵּית אוֹן, house of wealth or strength) eastward from Bethel Jos 7:2; 18:12 1 S 14:23; 1 S 13:5 בֵּית־א׳ (on Ho 4:15; 5:8; 10:5 v. בֵּֽיתְאֵל infr.); site unknown.

† גָּאָה vb. rise up (Aramaic Pe. (𝔗 1 S 2:5) & often Ethiopic אֶתְגָּאֵי, ܐܶܬܓܰܠܻܝ be boastful, proud, cf. also NH)— Qal Pf. ג׳ Ex 15:1, 21, גָּאוּ Ez 47:5; Impf. יִגְאֶה Jb 8:11; 10:16, Inf. abs. גָּאֹה Ex 15:1, 21;— 1. rise up, of waters Ez 47:5. 2. grow up, of plants Jb 8:11. 3. be lifted up, exalted, of head Jb 10:16, of י׳ in triumph Ex 15:1, 21.

† [הָדַר] vb. swell (?), honour, adorn, (NH הִדֵּר adorn; Aramaic הַדַּר ܗܰܕܰܪ Pa. adorn, honour; perhaps all denom.; cf. Palm. n.pr.f. הדירת ornata, honorata VogNo. 55; Arabic هَدَرَ be of no account; but also ferbuit (vinum) & أَهْدَرُ inflatus, tumens (venter))— Qal Pf. 2 ms. וְהָדַרְתָּ֫ Lv 19:32; Impf. 2 ms. תֶּהְדַּר Ex 23:3 Lv 19:15; Pt. pass. הָדוּר Is 63:1, pl. הֲדוּרִים Is 45:2 (poss. הררים 𝔊 ὄρη, cf. Di, but v. הר):— 1. swell, only pt. pass. pl. Is 45:2 (si vera l.) in neuter sense, of hills, swelling places, swells of land (made level before Cyrus). 2. honour, pay honour to, sq. acc.; in good sense וְהָדַרְתָּ פְּנֵי זָקֵן Lv 19:32 (H) and thou shalt honour the face of an old man (‖ מִפְּנֵי שֵׂיבָה תָּקוּם); in bad sense (of partiality, favouritism) לֹא תֶהְדַּר פְּנֵי גָדוֹל Lv 19:15 (H) (‖ לֹא תִשָּׂא פְנֵי־דָל); cf. וְדַל לֹא תֶּהְדַּר בְּרִיבוֹ Ex 23:3 (JE; either read גָּדֹל for ודל,—ו not needed at beginning of v.,—so Kn SS al., yet 𝔊 πένητα;—or suppose balancing cl., as Lv 19:15, to have fallen out, cf. Di). 3. adorn, only pt. pass. adorned, made splendid הָדוּר בִּלְבוּשׁוֹ Is 63:1. Niph. Pf. נֶהְדָּ֑רוּ La 5:12 were (not) honoured, subj. פְּנֵי זְקֵנִים. Hithp. Impf. juss. 2 ms. תִּתְהַדַּר Pr 25:6 honour oneself, i.e. claim honour.

† IV. כֵּן (?), כִּנִּם, כִּנָּם n.[m.], meaning dub.; either gnat, gnats, gnat-swarm (so 𝔊 𝔙 PhiloVita Mos. i, p. 97, OrigenHom 4, 6 in Ex., and most moderns), or [louse,] lice (so 𝔖 𝔗 JosAnt. ii, 14, 13 BochHieroz. II, ii, 572 f., as NH כִּנָּה, pl. כִּנִּים = maggots, and especially lice)—abs. perh. כֵּן Is 51:6 (v. infr.); pl. כִּנִּים Ex 8:13, 14 ψ 105:31, כִּנִּם Ex 8:12; Ex 8:13, 14 has, also, כִּנָּם prob. a mere Mas. device for כִּנִּם (cf. Di), on account of preceding וַתְּהִי (on which see Ges§ 145. 4 DaSynt. § 116); Sam. has כנים throughout:—of Egyptian plague Ex 8:12, 13(×2), 14(×2) (all P), hence ψ 105:31; כְּמוֹ־כֵן יְמוּתוּן Is 51:6 like a gnat-swarm (?) shall they die (cf. Di Du; Weir Che read כנים, cf. Buhlp. 355; > Brd De like this). Note.—NöM 54 BaNB § 15, ES 53 BuhlGes HWB ed. 12 connect this word etymol. with Aramaic כלמתא vermin, Ba and Buhl also with Assyrian kalmatu, id. [DlHWB 333], and even with Aramaic קלמתא, ܩܰܠܡܬܳܐ, Arabic قَمْلٌ, etc., Ethiopic ቍማl louse; but these connexions, as well as that with NH כְּנִימָה, all involving radical מ, are most improb.

† [סָרַח] vb. go free, be unrestrained overrun, exceed (NH סָרוּחַ overhanging, flapping; Arabic سَرَح of camels, etc., pasture where they please; also send forth to pasture; ii. let a wife go free; let down the hair; سُرُح easy.—NH סָרַח, Aramaic ܣܪܰܚ usually = corrupt, sin);— Qal Impf. 3 fs. תִּסְרַח Ex 26:12; Pt. act. f. סֹרַ֫חַת Ez 17:6; pass. סָרוּחַ (cf. Köii. 1, 137 Ges§ 50 f. BaNB 180) Ex 26:13; pl. סְרוּחִים Am 6:7, סְרֻחִים v 4; cstr. סְרוּחֵי Ez 23:15;— 1. go free, be unrestrained: וּסְרֻהִים עַל־עַרְשׂוֹתָם Am 6:4 i.e. prob. = and are sprawling upon their couches (in contempt. hyperbole), מִרְזַח ס׳ v 7 the revelry of sprawlers; pt. act. of overrunning, spreading vine Ez 17:6. 2. of overhanging stuffs (proposes overrunning, exceeding, extended beyond limits) תִּסְרַח עַל אֲחֹרֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּן Ex 26:12 (P) it shall overrun (overhang), over the back of the tabern., so יִהְיֶה סָרוּחַ עַל־צִדֵּי הַמּ׳ v 13; סְרוּחֵי טְבוּלִים Ez 23:15 overhung of turbans, extended with respect to turbans, = with pendant turbans (cf. [טְבוּל]). Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִסְרְחָה חָכְמָתָם Je 49:7 usually is their wisdom let loose (i.e. dismissed, gone)? (‖ הֵאֵין עוֹד חָכְמָה בְּתֵימָ֑ן אָֽבְדָה עֵצָה מִבָּנִים); but NöExpos. May, 1897, 363 is corrupt (cf. NH, and especially Aramaic).

ἀνυπό-κρῐτος, ον, without dissimulation, LXX+NT. adverb -τωςRefs 2nd c.AD+ __II undramatic, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III in punctuation, of a stop in a simple sentence, opposed to ἐνυπόκριτος (which see), Refs

εὖ, Epic dialect also ἐΰ Refs 8th c.BC+ adverb (properly neuter of ἐΰς):—well, opposed to κακῶς (as in Refs 8th c.BC+ __I of knowledge or action, well, thoroughly, competently, εὖ μέν τις δόρυ θηξάσθω, εὖ δ᾽ ἀσπίδα θέσθω Refs 8th c.BC+; τόξων ἐῢ εἰδώς cunning with the bow, Refs 8th c.BC+; εὖ οἶδ᾽ ὅτι parenthetic in colloquial speech, σὺ γὰρ εὖ οἶδ᾽ ὅτι οὐ πράγματ᾽ ᾄσει Refs 5th c.BC+; εὖ οἶδα, in answers, Dioxipp.4; εὖ μήδεο consider well, Refs 8th c.BC+; εὖ λέγεις well spoken ! Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 morally well, kindly, εὖ ἔρδειν, ={εὐεργετεῖν}, Refs 8th c.BC+; εὖ εἰπεῖν τινα to speak well of him, Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.3 with passive or intransitive Verbs, fortunately, happily, in good case, εὖ ζώουσι Refs 8th c.BC+; εὖ οἴκαδ᾽ ἱκέσθαι safely, Refs 8th c.BC+; εὖ φρονῶν in one's right mind, Refs 4th c.BC+, to be well-disposed towards, Refs 5th c.BC+; standing last for emphasis, ἄνδρες γεγονότες εὖ Refs 5th c.BC+: separated from its Verb, εὖ πρᾶγμα συντεθέν Refs 4th c.BC+ __II coupled with other Adverbs, especially when qualifying nouns, adjectives, and adverbs, εὖ μάλα Refs 8th c.BC+; εὖ.. πάνυ or πάνυ εὖ, Refs 5th c.BC+; εὖ κἀνδρικῶς, εὖ κἀνδρείως, Refs 5th c.BC+; καλῶστεκαὶ εὖRefs 5th c.BC+ __III as substantive, τὸ εὖ the right, the good cause, τὸ δ᾽ εὖ νικάτω Refs 5th c.BC+: in Art, perfection, the ideal, τὸ εὖ διὰ πολλῶν ἀριθμῶν γίνεται Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV as the Predicate of a proposition, τί τῶνδ᾽ ε; Refs 4th c.BC+; εὖ εἴη may it be well, Refs; εὐορκεῦντι μέμ μοι εὖ εἶμεν or εἴη, Refs 3rd c.BC+; εὖ σοι γένοιτο well be with thee, Refs 5th c.BC+ __V Interjection, well done! to cheer on dogs, εὖ κύνες Refs 5th c.BC+; ahoy! ho! Refs; compare εὖγε. __VI in Compds., implying abundance (εὐανδρία), prosperity (εὐδαίμων, opposed to κακοδαίμων), ease (εὔβατος, opposed to δύσβατος): compounded only with Nouns and adjectives (hence εὖ πάσχω, εὖ ποιέω are better written divisim, but εὐποιητικός implies εὐποιέω: see at {ἀντευποιέω}); εὐδοκέω is exceptional. (Replaced by καλῶς in later Gr., except in set phrases.)

μεθύω [ῠ], (μέθυ), only present and imperfect: future and aorist active belong to μεθύσκω (μεθύσας is falsa lectio in Refs 4th c.AD+; μεθύσαντας is falsa lectio for -τες in Refs 1st c.AD+aorist being supplied by passive of μεθύσκω:— to be drunken with wine, νευστάζων κεφαλῇ, μεθύοντι ἐοικώς Refs 8th c.BC+; μεθύων, opposed to νήφων, Refs 7th c.BC+; μ. ὑπὸ τοῦ οἴνου Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ μεθύειν drunkenness, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II metaphorically, __II.1 of things, to be drenched, steeped in any liquid, with dative, e.g. βοείην.. μεθύουσαν ἀλοιφῇ Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.2 of persons, to be intoxicated with passion, pride, etc., ὑπὸ τῆς Ἀφροδίτης Refs 6th c.BC+ __II.2.b to be stupefied, stunned, πληγαῖς μεθύων Refs 3rd c.BC+

ὑπό-κρῐσις, εως, ἡ, __I Ionic dialect (and perhaps in Refs 3rd c.AD+, reply, answer Refs 5th c.BC+ __II Attic dialect, playing a part on the stage, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 an orator's delivery, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ κατὰ τὴν ὑ. ῥήτορες orators who depend on their delivery, opposed to to the authors of written speeches, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2.b tone or manner of an animal's cry, ὁ κυνηγέτης ἀπὸ τῆς ὑ. ᾔσθετο τοῦ κυνὸς ὑλακτοῦντος νῦν μὲν ὅτι ζητεῖ τὸν λαγών, νῦν δὲ ὅτι εὗρεν.. Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II.3 metaphorically, playing a part, hypocrisy, outward show, NT+6th c.BC+ __II.4 ὑπόκρισιν, as adverb, after the manner of, δελφῖνος ὑ. Refs 5th c.BC+

φαῦλος, η, ον, also ος, ον Refs 5th c.BC+:— cheap, easy, slight, paltry, first found commonly in Refs 5th c.BC+ adverb φαύλωςRefs 4th c.BC+ __I of things, easy, slight, φ. ἀθλήσας πόνον Refs 5th c.BC+; φαυλότατον ἔργον ''tis as easy as lying', Refs 5th c.BC+; οὔτοι βασιλέα φαῦλόν [ἐστι] κτανεῖν 'tis no slight matter to kill a king, Refs 5th c.BC+; νυκτὸς γὰρ οὔτι φ. ἐμβαλεῖν στρατόν no easy matter, Refs 4th c.BC+; φαῦλα ἐπιφέρειν bring paltry charges, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ φ. νικήσας ἔχω have gained petty victories, Refs 5th c.BC+; σύμμαχον Τροίᾳ μολόντα Ῥῆσον οὐ φαύλῳ τρόπῳ, i. e. with no trivial force, Refs 5th c.BC+ adverb -λως εὑρεῖν, τυχεῖν,Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. ἐκφυγεῖν to get off easily, Refs; οὔτι φαύλως ἦλθε with no trivial force, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰς ἐλπίδας φ. ἔχειν to be slight, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __I.2 simple, ordinary, δίαιτα Refs 5th c.BC+; but frequently with sense poor, indifferent, στρατιά Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀσπίδες, τείχισμα, παρασκευή, Refs 5th c.BC+ adverb -λως, διατρίβειν ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.3 mean, bad, πρῆξις NT+5th c.BC+evil, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ φ., opposed to τὰ ἀγαθά, Refs 5th c.BC+; τύχη φ., opposed to ἀγαθή, Refs 4th c.BC+; κομίσασθαι.. εἴτε ἀγαθὸν εἴτε φ., of rewards and punishments, NT+2nd c.AD+ __II of persons, low in rank, mean, common, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ φαυλότατοι the commonest sort (of soldiers), Refs 5th c.BC+; [γάμος] ὁ ἐκ τῶν φαυλοτέρων, opposed to ἐκ μειζόνων, Refs 5th c.BC+; of outward looks, αἱ φαυλότεραι the plainer ones, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 inefficient, bad, διδάσκαλος Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ φ. καὶ τὸ μέσον καὶ τὸ πάνυ ἀκριβές the inefficient, the middling, and the perfect, Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. αὐλητής, opposed to ἀγαθός, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to σπουδαῖος, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially in point of education and accomplishments, opposed to σοφός, οἱ γὰρ ἐν σοφοῖς φαῦλοι παρ᾽ ὄχλῳ μουσικώτεροι λέγειν Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ -ότεροι, opposed to to οἱ ξυνετώτεροι, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ φαυλότεροι γνώμηνRefs 5th c.BC+ (so in adverb, φαυλοτέρως πεπαιδευμένοι Refs; generally, inferior, Refs: with infinitive, φαῦλοι μάχεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. λέγειν, φ. διαλεχθῆναι, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 careless, thoughtless, indifferent, Refs 5th c.BC+ —especially in adverb, φαύλως ἐκρίνατε judged lightly, Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. παραινεῖν off-hand, Refs; λόγισαι φαύλως μὴ ψήφοις ἀλλ᾽ ἀπὸ χειρός off-hand, roughly, Refs 5th c.BC+ (anapaest meter); φ. εἰπεῖν casually, Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. φέρειν to bear lightly, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 in good sense, simple, unaffected, φαῦλον, ἄκομψον, τὰ μέγιστ᾽ ἀγαθόν Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb -λως, παιδεύειν τινά by a very simple method, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 of health, etc., φαύλως ἔχειν to be ill, Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. πράττειν to be in sorry plight, Refs 4th c.BC+

† II. [זָלַל] vb. 1.be light, worthless, 2. make light of (Assyrian zalâlu, be in ruins, COTGloss (AsrnStandard Inscr. 15), Arabic ذَلَّ = Aramaic ܕܰܠ (rare), ܕܠܻܝܠܴܐ easy; but זְלַל, ܙܰܠ, are more common (all intrans.))— Qal only Pt. act. זוֹלֵל Dt 21:20 + 2 times; זוֹלֵלָ֑ה La 1:11; pl. זוֹלְלִים Pr 28:7, cstr. זֹלְלֵי Pr 23:20— 1. be worthless, insignificant Je 15:19 (opp. יָקָר) La 1:11 (of Jerusalem in distress). 2. trans. make light of = be lavish with, squander (cf. ii. זוּל), especially of gluttony ז׳ בשׂר Pr 23:20 (‖ סֹבְאֵי יַיִן), abs. v 21 Dt 21:20 (both ‖ סֹבֵא), Pr 28:7. Hiph. Pf. sf. הִזִּילוּהָ La 1:8 causat. of Qal 1 make light of, despise (opp. כִּבֵּד); on form cf. Ges§ 67, R. 8 RobGes, MV SS (> assigned to זוּל by Thes KöLgb. i. 471).

† I. קָדֵשׁ n.m. temple-prostitute (man) (cf. RSProph. ii, N. 19, and v. Assyrian sub √);—ק׳ Dt 23:18; coll. 1 K 14:24; 22:47; pl. קְדֵשִׁים 15:2 2 K 23:7; Jb 36:14; also f. קְדֵשָׁה (woman) Dt 23:18; pl. קְדֵשׁוֹת Ho 4:14; = harlot, fs. Gn 38:21(×2), 22 (J).

† II. [קָלָה] vb. Niph. be lightly esteemed, dishonoured (‖ form of קלל; cf. NH קָלוֹן, 𝔗 קְלָנָא disgrace, shame);—Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְנִקְלָה Is 16:14 Dt 25:3; Pt. נִקְלֶה Is 3:5 + 2 times;—be lightly esteemed, held of little account, Is 16:14 (glory of Moab); אִישׁ רָשׁ וְנִקְלֶה 1 S 18:23; so (Pt. as subst.) Is 3:5 (opp. נִכְבָּד), Pr 12:9 (opp. מִתְכַּבֵּד); more positively, be dishonoured, degraded, Dt 25:3 (לְעֵינֶיךָ). Hiph. treat with contempt, dishonour, Pt. מַקְלֶה אָבִיו וגו׳ Dt 27:16 one dishonouring [i.e. opp. כַּבֵּד of 5th Command].

ἄμεμπτος, ον, blameless, without reproach, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. χρόνου in regard of time, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. ἐκείνῃ without blame to her, Refs 1st c.AD+: comparative -ότερος less blameworthy, Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 of things, perfect in its kind, δεῖπνονRefs 5th c.BC+. adverb -τως irreproachably, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II active, not blaming, well content, ἄμεμπτόν τινα ποιεῖν or ποιεῖσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+adverb -τως, δέχεσθαί τιναRefs

ἀνέγκλη-τος, ον, without reproach, blameless, Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb -τωςRefs 4th c.BC+ __II giving no ground for dispute, ἀ. τὰς οὐσίας πρὸς ἀλλήλους κατασκευάζεσθαιRefs 5th c.BC+. adverb -τως, ἔχεινRefs 4th c.BC+ __III active in adverb -τως uncomplainingly, Refs 1st c.AD+

ἀρετή [ᾰ], ἡ, goodness, excellence, of any kind, in Refs 8th c.BC+ especially of manly qualities, ποδῶν ἀρετὴν ἀναφαίνωνRefs 8th c.BC+; so of the gods, τῶν περ καὶ μείζων ἀ. τιμή τε βίη τεRefs; also of women, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀ. εἵνεκα for valour, Refs 5th c.BC+ displayed brave deeds, Refs __b later, of the gods, chiefly in plural, glorious deeds, wonders, miracles, NT+1st c.BC+: also in singular, ὄψιν ἰδοῦσα ἀρετὴν τῆς θεοῦRefs 3rd c.BC+ __2 generally, excellence, ἡ ἀ. τελείωσίς τιςRefs 4th c.BC+; of persons, ἄνδρα πὺξ ἀρετὰν εὑρόνταRefs 5th c.BC+: in plural, forms of excellence, μυρίαι ἀνδρῶν ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+; especially moral virtue, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to κακία, Refs 5th c.BC+; good nature, kindness, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.b of animals, things, as land, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἐν ἀρετῇ κειμένη γῆ productive land, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἵππουRefs 5th c.BC+; κυνῶν, ἵππων, Refs 5th c.BC+; [ἀστακοῦ] Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 prosperity, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II ἀ. εἴς τινα active merit, good service done him, ἐς τοὺς ἝλληναςRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀρετῆς ἕνεκα, frequently in honorary Inscrr., Refs __III reward of excellence, distinction, fame, πλούτῳ δ᾽ ἀρετὴ καὶ κῦδος ὀπηδεῖRefs 8th c.BC+; of God, δόξα καὶ ἀ.NT: in plural, glories, LXX+6th c.BC+ frequently of the praises of God, Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV Ἀρετή personified, Refs 5th c.BC+ __V ἡ ἀ. σου as a title, Your worship, Refs __VI an engine of war, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __VII a plaster, Refs 1st c.AD+

Included with: δίκαιος [ῐ], α, ον, also ος, ον Refs 5th c.BC+: (δίκη): __A in Refs 8th c.BC+ and all writers, of persons, observant of custom or rule, Refs 8th c.BC+; especially of social rule, well-ordered, civilized, ὑβρισταί τε καὶ ἄγριοι οὐδὲ δ. Refs 8th c.BC+; δ. πολίτης a good citizen, Refs 4th c.BC+: metaphorically of the sea, Refs 6th c.BC+; δικαίη ζόη a civilized way of living, Refs 5th c.BC+ adverb δικαίως, μνᾶσθαι woo in due form, decently, Refs 8th c.BC+loyally, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.2 observant of duty to gods and men, righteous, Refs 8th c.BC+; opposed to δυσσεβής, Refs 5th c.BC+; also of actions, etc., righteous, ἐπὶ ῥηθέντι δικαίῳ a thing rightly said, Refs 8th c.BC+ __A.3 ὁ δίκαιος, euphemistic of a sacred snake, Refs __B later: __B.I equal, even, well-balanced, ἅρμα δίκαιον evengoing chariot, Refs 5th c.BC+; δικαιότατα μοχλεύειν Refsfair, impartial, βάσανος Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.b legally exact, precise, τῷ δικαιοτάτῳ τῶν λόγων to speak quite exactly, Refs 5th c.BC+; of Numbers, αἱ ἑκατὸν ὀργυιαὶ δίκαιαι Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb -αίως, πάντα δ. ὑμῖν τετήρηται Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.I.2 lawful, just, especially τὸ δ. right, opposed to τὸ ἄδικον, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ πολιτικὸν δ.Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὐμὸν δ. my own right, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐλθεῖν ἐπὶ τοῦτο τὸ δ. bring the case to this issue, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐδὲν τῶν δ. ποιεῖν τινί not to do what is just and right by a man, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ δ. ἔχειν, λαμβάνειν, receive one's due, Refs; τὰ δ. πράττεσθαι πόλιν give a city its deserts, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐκ τοῦ δικαίου, ={δικαίως}, Refs 5th c.BC+; so ἀπὸ τοῦ δικαίου, τῶν δικαίων, Refs 2nd c.BC+; μετὰ τοῦ δ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ δίκαιον lawful claim, ἃ ἔχομεν δίκαια πρός.. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ πρὸς ἀλλήλους δ. mutual obligations or contracts, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐπὶ συγκειμένοις τισὶ δικαίοις on certain agreed terms, Refs 1st c.BC+. adverb -αίως rightly, justly, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II of persons and things, meet and right, fitting, δ. τοῦδε τοῦ φόνου ῥαφεύς Refs 4th c.BC+; ἵππον δ. ποιεῖσθαί τινι make a horse fit for another's use, Refs 5th c.BC+ having a good mouth, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __B.II.b normal, σχήματα Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.2 real, genuine, γόνος Refs 5th c.BC+ adverb, εἴπερ δικαίως ἐστ᾽ ἐμός really and truly mine, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.3 ὁ δ. λόγος the plea of equity, Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb -αίως with reason, Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative -ότερονRefs 5th c.BC+ also -οτέρως Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative -όταταRefs 5th c.BC+; Aeolic dialect δικαίτατα Refs __B.III ψυχὴ ἐς τὸ δ. ἔβη 'the land of the leal', Refs __C in Prose, δίκαιός εἰμι, with infinitive, δίκαιοί ἐστε ἰέναι you are bound to come, Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. εἰμι κολάζειν I have a right to punish, Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. εἰσι ἀπιστότατοι εἶναι they have most reason to distrust, Refs 5th c.BC+dignus est qui pereat, Refs 4th c.BC+; ὁ σπουδαῖος ἄρχειν δ. has a right to.., Refs 4th c.BC+; with a non-personal subject, ἔλεος δ. ἀντιδίδοσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+: less frequently in comparative and superlative, δικαιότεροι χαρίσασθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; but δίκαιόν ἐστι is also found, Refs 5th c.BC+; δικαίως ἄν, with optative, Refs 5th c.BC+ with penultimate short in Refs 5th c.AD+; compare οὐ δίκαον· οὐ δίκαιον, Refs 5th c.AD+

εὐσχήμ-ων, ον, genitive ονος, (σχῆμα) elegant in figure, mien and bearing, graceful, opposed to ἀσχήμων, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ εὐ. ἡμῶν (i.e. μόρια) NT: comparative -έστερος more respectable, Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative -έστατοι, πονεῖν ἵπποι Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 in bad sense, with an outside show of goodness, specious in behaviour, εἴς τινα Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of things, decent, becoming, λόγοι Refs 4th c.BC+; τὸ εὔσχημον decorum, Refs 5th c.BC+ adverb -μόνως with grace and dignity, like a gentleman, Refs 5th c.BC+: Comp -έστερον, ἔχειν Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative -έστατα Refs __II.2 later also, noble, honourable, in rank (condemned by NT+1st c.AD+; ἡ εὐ. the noble lady, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II.2.b title of a village magistrate, in plural, εὐ. κώμης Refs 2nd c.AD+

καταλᾰλ-έω, perfect -λελάληκαRefs 2nd c.AD+:—talk, babble loudly, τοῖς θύραζε ταῦτα κ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τινος before another, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II talk down, rail at, ἡμᾶς Refs 2nd c.BC+; τινος NT+1st c.BC+; κατά τινοςLXX:—passive, ἐπί τινι Refs 2nd c.BC+; to be outdone in speech, ὑπ᾽ ἰδιωτῶν Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.2 weary by talking, gloss on{καταγλωττίζειν}, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.3 simply, interview, address a person, Refs 3rd c.BC+

μοιχ-άω, ={μοιχεύω} 1: metaphorically, μοιχᾶν τὴν θάλατταν have dalliance with the sea, applied by Callicratidas to Refs 5th c.BC+:— passive, commit adultery, of a man, NT; of a woman, NT: metaphorically, to be unfaithful to God, LXX __2 falsify, Refs 2nd c.AD+

οἰκτ-ιρμός, ὁ, pity, compassion, Refs 5th c.BC+: plural, compassionate feelings, mercies, NT

πᾰνουργ-ία, ἡ, knavery, Refs 5th c.BC+: in plural, villainies, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 of animals, Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 adulteration of drugs or honey, Refs 2nd c.AD+

παρα-βάτης [βᾰ], poetry and early Attic dialect παραιβάτης Refs, ου, ὁ, (παραβαίνω I) one who stands beside: properly the warrior or combatant who stands beside the charioteer, ἂν δ᾽ ἔβαν ἐν δίφροισι παραιβάται ἡνίοχοί τε Refs 8th c.BC+; feminine παραιβάτις, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __2 light troops (velites) who ran beside the cavalry, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II (παραβαίνω II.1)transgressor, Refs 4th c.BC+ (Lyric poetry, in poetry form παρβάτης),NT+1st c.AD+

πλάνος [ᾰ], ον, __1 active, leading astray, deceiving, π. κατέσειον ἐδωδάν the bait, Refs 3rd c.BC+; π. δῶρα, ἄγρα, NT+2nd c.BC+ __2 passive, wandering, roaming, fickle, ποικίλον πρᾶγμ᾽ ἐστὶ καὶ πλάνον τύχη Refs 4th c.BC+; π. φέγγη planets, Refs 4th c.AD+ __II substantive πλάνος, ὁ, ={πλάνη}, wandering, roaming, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.b κερκίδος πλάνοι, of the act of weaving, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 metaphorically, φροντίδος πλάνοι wanderings of thought, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. φρενῶν wandering of mind, madness, Refs 5th c.BC+; πλάνοις in uncertain fits, of a disease, Refs 5th c.BC+; ={πλάνη}Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 digression, Refs __II.4 error, Refs 1st c.AD+; grammatical mistake, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III of persons, πλάνος, ὁ, vagabond,impostor, NT+4th c.BC+

ὑβρίζω, Refs 8th c.BC+, Doric dialect -ίσδω Refs 3rd c.BC+: future Attic dialect -ιῶRefs 4th c.BC+, (ἐν-) probably in Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ὕβρισα Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ὕβρικα Refs 5th c.BC+: pluperfect ὑβρίκειν Refs:—middle, future ὑβριοῦμαι Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, future ὑβρισθήσομαι Refs 4th c.BC+: aorist ὑβρίσθην Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ὕβρισμαι Refs 5th c.BC+: (ὕβρις):—wax wanton, run riot, in the use of superior strength or power, or in sensual indulgence, ὑβρίζοντες ὑπερφιάλως δοκέουσι δαίνυσθαι κατὰ δῶμα Refs 8th c.BC+; especially of lust, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to σωφρονεῖν, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 of over-fed asses, neigh or bray and prance about, ὑβρίζοντες οἱ ὄνοι ἐτάρασσον τὴν ἵππον Refs 5th c.BC+; of horses, Refs 5th c.BC+; of elephants, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3 of plants, run riot, grow rank and luxuriant, Refs 4th c.BC+ __4 metaphorically, of a river that swept away and drowned a horse, Refs 5th c.BC+; so γῆ ὕβριστο had been carried away by river-floods, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II transitive, ὑ. τινά treat him despitefully, outrage, insult, maltreat, ἡμέας ὑβρίζοντες ἀτάσθαλα μηχανόωντοRefs 8th c.BC+; με, ἐμέ, Refs 5th c.BC+ commit an outrage upon or towards him (them), Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. εἰς (uncertain reading) τοὺς θεούς Refs 5th c.BC+ was to do one a personal injury, ὑ, εἴς τινα to injure that which belongs to one; but the distinction was not observed): also ὑ. ἐν κακοῖσιν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 frequently with accusative cognate, ὑ. ὕβριν Refs 5th c.BC+ adjective, ὑ. τάδε commit these outrages, Refs 5th c.BC+: and with other Nouns, τῶν ἀδικημάτων.., τῶν ἐς Ἀθηναίους ὕβρισαν Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, ὕβριν ὑβρισθείς Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 in legal sense, commit a physical outrage on one Refs 5th c.BC+; so later, ἐμὲ δέ, ἐὰν δύνῃ, καὶ ὕβριζε καὶ ἄπαγε Refs 3rd c.BC+; γυναῖκες καὶ παῖδες ὑβρίζονται Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰς γνάθους ὑβρισμένη mauled on the cheeks, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑβριζομένους ἀποθανεῖν to die of ill-treatment, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑβρίσθαι to be mutilated, of eunuchs, Refsoutrages, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 perfect participle passive, of things, arrogant, ostentatious, σημεῖ᾽ ἔχων ὑβρισμένα Refs 5th c.BC+

ὑπερήφᾰν-ος, ον, Doric dialect ὑπερά- Refs 5th c.BC+:—mostly in bad sense, overweening, arrogant, LXX+8th c.BC+; -ώτεροι.. καὶ ἀλογιστότεροιRefs 4th c.BC+ adverb, -νως ἔχειν bear oneself proudly, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. ζῶντες living sumptuously, prodigally, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a dish, ὑ. ὄζειν Refs 2nd c.AD+ (but also, insolently, brutally, μαστιγοῦν τινα probably in Refs 3rd c.BC+—This sense appears in Refs 8th c.BC+participle ὑπερηφανέων (which see). __2 rarely in good sense, magnificent, splendid, σοφία, ἔργον, Refs 5th c.BC+; sublime, Refs 5th c.AD+. adverb -νως, ἀγωνιζόμενος Refs 1st c.AD+

† II. נָבַל vb. be senseless, foolish (NH נְבָלָה, נַבְלוּת of immodesty; Arabic نَبُلَ = (per contra) be noble, distinguished, نَبَلَ also be gracious (Frey); Aramaic נְבַל Pa. reject, despise, v. 𝔗 Na 3:6; Je 14:21; in deriv. as NH);— Qal Pf. 2 ms. נָבַלְתָּ Pr 30:32 if thou hast been foolish in lifting up thyself (opp. וַמּוֹתָ). [Qal = be foolish †Pr 30:32 is doubted by Frankenberg Toy (where see various renderings), al., who think text crpt.] Pi. Pf. 1 s. sf. consec. וְנִבַּלְתִּיךְ Na 3:6; Impf. 3 ms. וַיְנַבֵּל Dt 32:15; 2 ms. תְּנַבֵּל Je 14:21; Pt. מִנַבֵּל Mi 7:6;—regard or treat as a נָבָל (q.v.), i.e. with contumely, c. acc.: בֵּן מְנַבֵּל אָב Mi 7:6 son treateth father as a fool (with contumely); וַיְנ׳ צוּר Dt 32:15 and he treated with contumely the Rock of his salvation (i.e. י׳; ‖ נטשׁ); י׳ subj., Na 3:6 I will treat thee (Nineveh) with contumely (‖ וְהִשְׁלַכְתִּ֫י עָלַיִךְ שִׁקֻּצִים); Je 14:21 do not treat with contumely the throne of thy glory (‖ נאץ).

† עַוָּל n.m. unjust, unrighteous one;—especially of oppressive ruler Zp 3:5; Jb 18:21; 27:7 (‖ רָשָׁע), 29:17; 31:3 (‖ פֹּעֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן); prob. also 16:11 (for MT עֲוִיל, so Di; ‖ רְשָׁעִים).

† עָרְמָה n.f. craftiness, prudence;— 1. בְע׳ craftily Ex 21:14 (E), Jos 9:4 (JE). 2. ע׳ in Pr, in good sense, prudence Pr 1:4; 8:5, 12.

† I. קָדֵשׁ n.m. temple-prostitute (man) (cf. RSProph. ii, N. 19, and v. Assyrian sub √);—ק׳ Dt 23:18; coll. 1 K 14:24; 22:47; pl. קְדֵשִׁים 15:2 2 K 23:7; Jb 36:14; also f. קְדֵשָׁה (woman) Dt 23:18; pl. קְדֵשׁוֹת Ho 4:14; = harlot, fs. Gn 38:21(×2), 22 (J).

ἀγαθωσύνη, ἡ, goodness, kindness, LXX+NT

ἁμάρτ-ημα, ατος, τό, failure, fault, Refs 5th c.BC+; frequently in Attic dialect Prose, Refs 5th c.BC+; midway between ἀδίκημα and ἀτύχημα, Refs 4th c.BC+; sinful action, opposed to κατόρθωμα, Refs 5th c.BC+

ἄτῑμ-ος, ον, (τιμήRefs unhonoured, dishonoured, Refs 8th c.BC+; μετὰ πᾶσιν ἀτιμοτάτη θεός εἰμιRefs; ἀτιμότεροι, opposed to λαχόντες τιμῆς, Refs 6th c.BC+dishonourable, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἄτιμα δ᾽ οὐκ ἐπραξάτην, i.e. they have met their deserts, Refs; ἄτιμος Ἀργείοισι by them, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔκ γ᾽ ἐμοῦ by me, Refs __b c.genitive, ἄ. δωμάτων without the honour of.., not deemed worthy of.., Refs 4th c.BC+; πάντωνRefs; χάρις οὐκ ἄ. πόνων no unworthy return for.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 deprived of civic rights (compareἀτιμία), ἄτιμα τὰ τέκνα γίνεταιRefs 5th c.BC+; opposed to ἐπίτιμος, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. γερῶν deprived of privileges, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. τοῦ τεθνηκότος debarred from all rights in him, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. τοῦ συμβουλεύειν deprived of the right of advising, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 of things, not honourable, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄτιμον ποιεῖσθαί τι hold in dishonour, Refs 5th c.BC+less honourable, Refs 5th c.BC+; of parts of the body, τὸ τιμιώτερον καὶ τὸ ἀτιμότερονRefs 4th c.BC+ __II (τιμήRefs without price or value, τοῦ νῦν οἶκον ἄτιμον ἔδεις thou devourest his substance without payment, Refs 8th c.BC+; of little price, cheap, opposed to τίμιος, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 unavenged, ἐκ θεῶνRefs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 unpunished, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III adverb -μως dishonourably, ignominiously, Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative -ότερονRefs 5th c.BC+: superlative ἀτιμόταταRefs 5th c.BC+

ἄτοπ-ος, ον, out of place, out of the way: hence, __1 unwonted, extraordinary, of symptoms, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. ἁδονάRefs 5th c.BC+ __2 strange, paradoxical, δοῦλοι τῶν αἰεὶ ἀτόπων slaves to every new paradox, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄτοπα τῆς σμικρολογίας absurd pettinesses, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄτοπόν ἐστι, with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.b of persons, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. φαγεῖν given to strange food, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3 unnatural, disgusting, foul, πνεῦμαRefs 5th c.BC+; monstrous, ἀτοπώτατον πρᾶγμα ἐξευρώνRefs 5th c.BC+; later, wicked, wrong, LXX+NT; of persons, opposed to χρηστός, Refs 1st c.BC+; of things, bad, harmful, NTadverb -πως in an unfavourable position, κεῖσθαι, of planets, Vett. Val.63.12. __4 adverb -πως marvellously or absurdly, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. καθίζων, ={ἀνυπόπτως}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II non-spatial, τῆς ἰδέας μενούσης ἐν ἀτόπῳ αὐτὸ τόπους γεννῆσανRefs 3rd c.AD+adverb -πως non-spatially, opposed to τοπικῶς, Refs 3rd c.AD+

ἐγκράτ-εια [ρᾰ], ἡ, mastery over, ἐ. ἑαυτοῦ self-control, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. ἡδονῶν καὶ ἐπιθυμιῶν control over them,Refs 5th c.BC+ __II absolutely, self-control, NT+5th c.BC+

κᾰκοποι-έω, do ill, play the knave, Refs 5th c.BC+; manage one's affairs ill, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II transitive, do mischief to, injure, πολλὰ μὲν τὴν βασιλέως Χώραν κ. Refs 2nd c.BC+:—passive, Refs

κᾰκουργ-ος, Epic dialect κακοεργός (also late Prose, Refs 3rd c.AD+; δαιμόνια κακοεργά Refs 5th c.AD+, ον, (ἔργον) doing ill, mischievous, knavish, once in Refs 8th c.BC+ importunate, Refs 8th c.BC+. adverb -γωςRefs 2nd c.AD+ __2 as substantive, malefactor, criminal in the eye of the law, NT+5th c.BC+; at Athens, technically, thief, robber, ὁ τῶν κακούργων νόμος Refs 5th c.BC+ __II with genitive, doing harm to, κ. μὲν τῶν ἄλλων, ἑαυτοῦ δὲ πολὺ -ότερος, Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, harmful, κ. ἐπιθυμίαιRefs

κρείσσων, ον, genitive ονος, as always in Epic dialect and old Attic dialect; later Attic dialect κρείττων; Ionic dialect κρέσσων Refs 5th c.BC+ κάρρων (which see); Cretan dialect κάρτων Refs — _comparative_ of κρατύς (see. κράτιστος), stronger, mightier, Refs 8th c.BC+; especially in battle, Refs 6th c.BC+: hence, having the upper hand, superior, Refs 8th c.BC+: as Law-term, of witnesses, Refs [prev. cited] __2 frequently as comparative of ἀγαθός, better, κρέσσονες one's betters, especially in point of rank, Refs 5th c.BC+, of the greater gods, as opposed to to Oceanus, Refs 4th c.BC+ (anapaest meter); οἱ κ. the Higher Powers, Refs 5th c.BC+ the Almighty, Providence, Refs 4th c.AD+ one's advantages, Refs 5th c.BC+. __3 with infinitive, οὔ τις ἐμεῖο κρείσσων.. δόμεναι no one has a better right to.., Refs 8th c.BC+; κρεῖσσόν ἐστι with infinitive, 'tis better to.., Refs 5th c.BC+ with participle, κ. γὰρ ἦσθα μηκέτ᾽ ὢν ἢ ζῶν τυφλός thou wert better not alive, than living blind, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II with genitive or ἤ, too great for, surpassing, beyond, Refs 5th c.BC+; of evil deeds, κρείσσον᾽ ἀγχόνης too bad for hanging, Refs 5th c.BC+ too bad to look on, Refs 5th c.BC+; λέγετι σιγῆς κρεῖσσον Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. ἢ λόγοισιν (i.e. εἰπεῖν) Refs; πρᾶγμα ἐλπίδος κ. γεγενημένον worse than one expected, Refs 6th c.BC+. __III having control over, master of, especially of desires and passions, Refs 6th c.BC+; γαστρὸς καὶ κερδέων Refs over themselves, Refs 5th c.BC+ superior to the influence of money, Refs 6th c.BC+; also, putting oneself above, Refs 5th c.BC+; κρείσσους ὄντες.. τῷ λογισμῷ ἐς τὸ ἀνέλπιστον τοῦ βεβαίου having reasoned themselves into an absolute belief of the hopelessness of certainty, Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV better, more excellent, Refs 1st c.AD+; ὁ κρείττων λόγος (opposed to ὁ ἥσσων) Refs 5th c.BC+ in a higher sense, opposed to κατὰ τὸ χεῖρον, Refs 5th c.AD+ __V adverb Refs 5th c.BC+ probably took ει from ὀλείζων.)

μεθύσκω, future -ύσω [ῠ] LXXaorist 1 ἐμέθῠσαLXX, Epic dialect -υσσα Refs 4th c.AD+; infinitive μεθύσαι Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, future μεθυσθήσομαι LXX+2nd c.AD+: aorist ἐμεθύσθην Refs 5th c.BC+; Aeolic dialect infinitive μεθύσθην Refs 7th c.BC+: perfect μεμέθυσμαι Refs 3rd c.BC+ —Causal of μεθύω, make drunk, intoxicate, Διόνυσος οἶδε τὸ μεθύσαι μόνον Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 give to drink, θηλὴ μεθύσκει με μητρῴη Refs 2nd c.AD+; moisten, βωμοὺς ἐν γάλακτι, τέφρην, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II passive, ={μεθύω}, drink freely, get drunk, Refs 7th c.BC+; ὀδμῇ, οἴνῳ,Refs 5th c.BC+aorist ἐμεθύσθην, to be drunk, ἀνὴρ ὁκόταν μεθυσθῇ Refs 5th c.BC+ with nectar, Refs 5th c.BC+ with power, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 to be filled with food, μ. σίτῳ LXX; compare μεθύει· πεπλήρωται, Refs 5th c.AD+

σεμνός,, ή, όν, (σέβομαι) revered, august, holy: __I properly of gods, e.g. Demeter, Refs 5th c.BC+; at Athens the Erinyes were specially the σεμναὶ θεαί, Refs 5th c.BC+; or simply Σεμναί, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ σ. ὄνομα their name, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 of things divine, ὄργια σ. Refs 6th c.BC+; σ. ἄντρον the cave of Cheiron, Refs; σ. δόμος the temple of Apollo, Refs 4th c.BC+; σέλμα σ. ἡμένων, of the Olympian gods, Refs; σ. ἔργα, of the gods, Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. βίος devoted to the gods, Refs; σεμνὰ φθέγγεσθαι, ={εὔφημα}, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἦ πού τι σ. ἔστιν ὃ ξυναμπέχει; Refs 4th c.BC+; τὸ σ. holiness, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II of human or half-human beings, reverend, august, ἐν θρόνῳ σεμνῷ σεμνὸν θωκέοντα Refs 5th c.BC+; αἱ φαυλότεραι.. παρὰ τὰς σεμνὰς καθεδοῦνται beside the great ladies, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄνθρωπος οὐ σ., i.e. a nobody, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to χαῦνος, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to κομψός, Refs 5th c.BC+: with dative, revered by.. , σ. πόλει Refs; also, worthy of respect, honourable, NT __II.2 of human things, august, stately, majestic, θᾶκοι Refs 5th c.BC+; ταφή Refs 5th c.BC+; πράγματα, ἔργα, Refs 5th c.BC+; of Tragedy, Refs 5th c.BC+; of style, Refs 4th c.BC+ (comparative); of certain metres, Refs; ἐπὶ τὸ σ. μιμεῖσθαι to imitate it in its noble qualities, Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. τι λέγειν, πράσσειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐδὲν σ. nothing very wonderful, Refs 4th c.BC+; so τί ἂν εἴη τὸ σ. (i.e. τοῦ νοῦ); Refs; worthy of respect, Refs 5th c.BC+; σεμνόν ἐστι, with infinitive, 'tis a noble, fine thing to.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 metaphorically, σ. βρῶμα a noble dish, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III in bad sense, proud, haughty, τὰ σέμν᾽ ἔπη Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ σ. haughty reserve, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 in contempt or irony, solemn, pompous, σ. καὶ ἅγιον Refs 5th c.BC+; τί σεμνὸν καὶ πεφροντικὸς βλέπει; look grave and solemn, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὡς σ. οὑπίτριπτος how grand the rascal is! Refs 5th c.BC+; λόγοι σ. Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV adverb -νῶςRefs 5th c.BC+; ὥσπερ κοχλίας σεμνῶς ἐπηρκὼς τὰς ὀφρῦς, of Plato, Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative -ότερονRefs 5th c.BC+: superlative -όταταRefs 2nd c.BC+

† I. דְּבוֹרָה n.f. bee (cf. Arabic دِبْرٌ, swarm of bees, Aramaic דַּבַּרְתָּא, Syriac ܕܶܒܘܽܪܝܺܬܳܐ ) Is 7:18; pl. דְּבֹרִים Dt 1:44 Ju 14:8 ψ 118:12. Read also דְּבֹרוֹ its bees 1 S 14:26 for MT דְּבַשׁ cf. 𝔊 We Dr.

† [יָרַע] vb. quiver (cf. Arabic وَرَعَ be timid, weak; وَرَعٌ pious fear; 𝔗 יְרַע be disheartened)— Qal Pf. 3 fs. נַפְשׁוֹ יָֽרְעָה לוֹ Is 15:4 his soul quivereth to him, i.e. is in terror and distress.

† [מָאַר] vb. (cf. Arabic مَأَرَ excite hostility, irritate, مَىِٔرَ break open, of a wound);— Hiph. prick, pain Pt. מַמְאִיר Ez 28:24; f. מַמְאֶ֫רֶת Lv 13:51 + 2 times;—of thorn סִלּוֹן מ׳ Ez 28:24 (fig. of oppressors of Isr., ‖ קוֹץ מַכְאִב); elsewhere of leprosy (צָרַעַת) = malignant? Lv 13:51, 52; 14:44 (all P; but Sam. in all these has מרראת, √ מרא = מרה be obstinate, cf. Thes816 b Di).

† מְתֹם n.[m.] soundness; in phr. אֵין מְתֹם ב׳ Is 1:6 ψ 38:4, 8; מֵעִיר מְ֯תֹם Ju 20:48 from entire city (Codd. De Rossi Bu GFM מְתִם, v. מַת and cf. עיר מת(י)ם Dt 2:34; 3:6 Jb 24:12).

† [נָכֹחַ] adj. and subst. straight, right, straightness, f. נְכֹחָה, pl. נְכֹחִים, וֹת:—Is 57:2 הֹלֵךְ נְכֹחוֹ he that walks in (cf. 33:15; 50:10) his straightness (Ges ‘der seinen geraden Weg geht’), fig. for straightforwardly (cf. Pr 4:25); נְכֹחָה what is straight in front, fig. straightforwardness, honesty, Am 3:10 לֹא יָֽדְעוּ עֲשׂוֹת נ׳, Is 59:14 ונ׳ לֹא תוּכַל לָבוֹא (‖ אֱמֶת); 2 S 15:3 דבריך טובים וּנְכֹחִים thy pleadings are good and right (i.e. true), Pr 8:9 (of words of Wisdom) כֻּלָּם נְכֹחִים לַמֵּבִין i.e. they lead straight to the right goal (‖ ישׁרים; comp. v 8b אֵין בָּהֶם נִפְתָּל וְעִקֵּשׁ), 24:26 מֵשִׁיב דְּבָרִים נְכֹחִים i.e. either correct (leading to the right point), or honest answers; Is 30:10 לֹא־תֶחֱזוּ לָנוּ נְכֹחוֹת true things (opp. חֲלָקוֹת, מַהֲתַלּוֹת illusions), 26:10 בְּאֶרֶץ נְכֹחוֹת יְעַוֵּל in a land of rectitude (Che) he will do wickedly.

† [נָכֹחַ] adj. and subst. straight, right, straightness, f. נְכֹחָה, pl. נְכֹחִים, וֹת:—Is 57:2 הֹלֵךְ נְכֹחוֹ he that walks in (cf. 33:15; 50:10) his straightness (Ges ‘der seinen geraden Weg geht’), fig. for straightforwardly (cf. Pr 4:25); נְכֹחָה what is straight in front, fig. straightforwardness, honesty, Am 3:10 לֹא יָֽדְעוּ עֲשׂוֹת נ׳, Is 59:14 ונ׳ לֹא תוּכַל לָבוֹא (‖ אֱמֶת); 2 S 15:3 דבריך טובים וּנְכֹחִים thy pleadings are good and right (i.e. true), Pr 8:9 (of words of Wisdom) כֻּלָּם נְכֹחִים לַמֵּבִין i.e. they lead straight to the right goal (‖ ישׁרים; comp. v 8b אֵין בָּהֶם נִפְתָּל וְעִקֵּשׁ), 24:26 מֵשִׁיב דְּבָרִים נְכֹחִים i.e. either correct (leading to the right point), or honest answers; Is 30:10 לֹא־תֶחֱזוּ לָנוּ נְכֹחוֹת true things (opp. חֲלָקוֹת, מַהֲתַלּוֹת illusions), 26:10 בְּאֶרֶץ נְכֹחוֹת יְעַוֵּל in a land of rectitude (Che) he will do wickedly.

† נִקָּיוֹן n.[m.] innocency;—נ׳ ψ 26:6; 73:13; נִקָּיֹן Ho 8:5; cstr. נִקְּיוֹן Am 4:6; נִקְיֹן Gn 20:5;— 1. freedom from guilt, innocency: נ׳ כַּפַּי Gn 20:5 (RJE); אֶרְחַץ בנ׳ כַּפָּ֑י ψ 26:6 I will wash my hands in innocency = 73:13. 2. freedom from punishment Ho 8:5. 3. in physical sense, נִקְיוֹן שִׁנַּיִם cleanness of teeth (without food) Am 4:6 (but read perhaps after 𝔊 𝔖 𝔗 קַהֲיוֹן bluntness, so LagBN 201).

† [סֹ֫בֶא] n.m. Is 1:22 drink, liquor;—only sf. סָבְאֵךְ Is 1:22; סָבְאָם Ho 4:18 (but v. infr.), Na 1:10 (but v. סָבָא);—liquor (appar. strong, choice) Is 1:22; סָר ס׳ Ho 4:18 their liquor (i.e. their drunkenness) is gone Thes Hi Che RVm, but very dub., 𝔊 quite diff. (ἡρέτισεν Χαναναίους), We GuKau Now om. in transl.; conj. of HoutsmaTTijdschr ix (1875), 60 סֹד סֹבְאִים, a company of wine-bibbers, makes good sense.

† [קָלַס] vb. mock, scoff (Ecclus 11:4 תקלס, text by AdlerJQ xii (1900), 470);— Pi. Inf. cstr. לְקַלֵּס אֶתְנָן Ez 16:31 to scoff at hire (of Jerusalem under fig. of harlot), but 𝔊 𝔖 Symm collect, read לִקְבֹּץ Gr Toy Krae (or לְלַקֵּט, Co). Hithp. mock, deride, c. ב pers., Impf. 3 ms. יִתְקַלָּ֑ס Hb 1:10; 3 mpl. יִתְקַלְּסוּ Ez 22:5, וַיִּת׳ 2 K 2:23.

† שָׁגַג vb. go astray, commit sin or error (‖ שׁגה, שׁוג);— Qal Pf. שָׁגָג֛ Lv 5:18; Pt. שֹׁגֵג Jb 12:16 ψ 119:67; f. שֹׁגֶ֫גֶת Nu 15:28;— 1. error, mentally Jb 12:16. 2. sin ignorantly, inadvertently, Lv 5:18; Nu 15:28 (P), cf. ψ 119:67.—בְּשַׁגָּם Gn 6:3 perhaps Inf. cstr. sf., by reason of their going astray, v. Ges§ 67 p Ew Dr al.; > Vrss for that he also is flesh. אֲבִישַׁג, v. p. 4b.

† [שְׁכֹ֫בֶת LagBN 179 BaNB 144] n.f. copulation;—sf., all c. נָתַן: וַיִּתֵּן אֶת־שְׁכָבְתּוֹ Nu 5:20 (P; בְּ fem.); לֹא תִתֵּן שְׁכָבְתְּךָ לְזָ֑רַע Lv 18:20 (אֶל fem.), בְּכָל־בְּהֵמָה לֹא תִתֵּן שׁ׳ v 23, cf. 20:15 (all H).

† שְׁנִינָה n.f. sharp (cutting) word, taunt;—Dt 28:37; 1 K 9:7 = 2 Ch 7:20, Je 24:9 (cf. ψ 64:4; 140:4).

ἁγιωσύνη, ἡ, holiness, sanctity, LXX+NT __II as title, Refs 6th c.AD+

ἀδίκ-ημα, ατος, τό, (ἀδικέω) wrong done, Refs 5th c.BC+: properly, intentional wrong, opposed to ἁμάρτημα and ἀτύχημα, Refs 4th c.BC+: with genitive, wrong done to.., ἀ. τῶν νόμωνRefs 4th c.BC+ —ἐν ἀδικήματι θέσθαι to consider as a wrong, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 error of judgement, uncertain in Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II that which is got by wrong, ill gotten goods, Refs 5th c.BC+

ἀνεπί-ληπτος, ον, not open to attack, τοῖς ἐχθροῖςRefs 5th c.BC+; not censured, blameless, βίος variant in Refs 5th c.BC+; perfect, τέχνηRefs 1st c.AD+; ἀνεπιληπτότερον less open to criticism, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξουσία ἀ. not subject to control, Refs 1st c.BC+; unassailable, not subject to cancellation, συγγραφαίRefs. adverb -τωςRefs 5th c.BC+

ἀπρό-σκοπος, ον, __B unseeing, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.II unexplored, ὁδόςLXX

ἀσωτία, ἡ, prodigality, wastefulness, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 profligacy, NT+2nd c.AD+

δίκη [ῐ], ἡ, custom, usage, αὕτη δ. ἐστὶ βροτῶν this is the way of mortals, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἡ γὰρ δ., ὁππότε.. this is always the way, when.., Refs 2nd c.AD+; δίκαν ἐφέπειν τινός to imitate him, Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. ἐπέχειν τινός to be like.., Refs 1st c.AD+; normal course of nature, ἐκ τουτέων ὁ θάνατος οὐ γίνεται κατά γε δίκην, οὐδ᾽ ἢν γένηται Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 adverbial in accusative δίκην, in the way of, after the manner of, with genitive, λύκοιο Refs 5th c.BC+; in later Prose, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II order, right, μή τι δίκης ἐπιδευές nothing short of what is fit, Refs 8th c.BC+; opposed to σχέτλια ἔργα, Refs 8th c.BC+; Truth, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 δίκη ἐστί, ={δίκαιόν ἐστι}, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3 Adverb. usages, δίκῃ duly, rightly, Refs 8th c.BC+ on the score of justice, Refs 5th c.BC+; δίχα δίκης without trial, Refs 1st c.AD+; πρὸ δίκης in preference to legal proceedings, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III judgement, δίκην ἰθύντατα εἰπεῖν give judgement most righteously (compare ἰθύς), Refs 8th c.BC+ __IV after Refs 8th c.BC+, of proceedings instituted to determine legal rights, hence, __IV.1 lawsuit, Refs 5th c.BC+; properly private suit or action, opposed to γραφή (which see), Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ δίκην ἔχοντες the parties to a suit, Refs 1st c.AD+ __IV.2 trial of the case, πρὸ δίκης Refs 5th c.BC+; court by which it was tried, ἐν ὑμῖν ἐστι καὶ τῇ δίκῃ Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV.2.b δίκην εἰπεῖν to plead a cause, Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV.3 the object or consequence of the action, atonement, satisfaction, penalty, δίκην ἐκτίνειν, τίνειν, Refs 5th c.BC+: adverbially in accusative, τοῦ δίκην πάσχεις τάδ; Refs 4th c.BC+; frequently δίκην or δίκας διδόναι suffer punishment, i. e. make amends (but δίκας δ., in Refs 4th c.BC+, to grant arbitration); δίκας διδόναι τινί τινος Refs 5th c.BC+; also ἀντί or ὑπέρ τινος, Refs 5th c.BC+; also δίκην διδόναι ὑπὸ θεῶν to be punished by.., Refs 5th c.BC+; but δίκας ἤθελον δοῦναι they consented to submit to trial, Refs 5th c.BC+; δίκας λαμβάνειν sometimes ={δ. διδόναι}, Refs 5th c.BC+; more frequently its correlative, inflict punishment, take vengeance, Refs 5th c.BC+; so δίκην ἔχειν to have one's punishment, Refs 5th c.BC+ have satisfaction, Refs 5th c.BC+; δίκας or δίκην ὑπέχειν stand trial, Refs 5th c.BC+; θανάτου δίκην ὀφλεῖν ὑπό τινος to incur the death penalty, Refs 5th c.BC+; δίκην φεύγειν try to escape it, be the defendant in the trial (opposed to διώκειν prosecute), Refs 4th c.BC+; δίκας αἰτέειν demand satisfaction, τινός for a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; τινός for a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; δίκας ἑλεῖν, see at {ἔρημος} 11; δίκην τείσασθαι, see at {τίνω} 11; δὸς δὲ δίκην καὶ δέξο παρὰ Ζηνί Refs; δίκας διδόναι καὶ λαμβάνειν παρ᾽ ἀλλήλων, of communities, submit causes to trial, Refs 5th c.BC+; δίκας δοῦναι καὶ δέξασθαι submit differences to a peaceful settlement, Refs 5th c.BC+ __V Refs 4th c.BC+ name for three, Refs 1st c.AD+; for five, Refsdiś-, diśā 'direction', 'quarter of the heavens'.)

εἰλικρίν-εια [ρῐ], ἡ, unmixedness, purity, opposed to μίξις, Refs 4th c.BC+; in bad sense, unrelievedness, κακοῦ Refs 1st c.BC+ __II sincerity, uprightness, NT+3rd c.AD+

Related to: εὐσχημον-έω, to behave with decorum, Refs 5th c.BC+

κᾰκοποι-ός, όν, doing ill, mischievous, ὄνειδος Refs 5th c.BC+; σκεῦος, of a man, Refs 2nd c.BC+; κακοποιοί evil-doers, Refs 4th c.BC+; especially of poisoners and sorcerers, NT; of things, noxious, Χυλός Refs 4th c.BC+; τὸ κ. [τῆς ὕλης] Refs 4th c.BC+: Astrology texts, maleficent, Refs 2nd c.AD+