PHYSICAL_ACTION
Macro-32 Domain · 1026 senses · 200 lemmas
Sub-domains
Physical Impact (405)Perform, Do (184)Activities Involving Clothing (138)Attachment (111)Activities Involving Liquids (105)Activities Involving Cloth (46)Household Activities (22)Contests and Play (15)
Lemmas in this domain
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αὐτός (Cretan dialect ἀϝτός Refs (also αὐτόνRefs, reflexive pronoun, self:—in oblique cases used for the personal pronoun, him, her, it:—with Article, ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό (also ταὐτόν), etc., the very one, the same. __I self, myself, thyself, etc., accusative to the person of the Verb: frequently joined with ἐγώ, σύ, etc. (see. below 10), __I.1 one's true self, the soul, not the body, Refs 8th c.BC+; reversely, body, not soul, Refs 8th c.BC+; oneself, as opposed to others who are less prominent, as king to subject, Refs; man to wife and children, Refs 8th c.BC+; warrior to horses, Refs 8th c.BC+, or to weapons, Refs; shepherd to herd, Refs 8th c.BC+; seamen to ships, Refs: generally, whole to parts,Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, the Master, as in the Refs 4th c.BC+ Latin Ipse dixit; so τίς οὗτος..;— Αὐτός, i.e. Socrates, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀναβόησον ΑὐτόνRefsthe Master, Refs 5th c.BC+ the result will show, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially αὐτὸ δείξειRefs 5th c.BC+; of things, the very, ὑπὸ λόφον αὐτόν, i.e. just, exactly under.., Refs 8th c.BC+; πρὸς αὐταῖς ταῖς θύραις close by the door, Refs 5th c.BC+; αὐτὸ τὸ δέον the very thing needed, Refs 5th c.BC+; αὐτὸ τὸ περίορθρον the point of dawn, Refs 5th c.BC+; αὐτὰ τὰ ἐναντία the very opposite, Refs 5th c.BC+; even, οὔ μοι μέλει ἄλγος οὔτ᾽ αὐτῆς ἙκάβηςRefs 8th c.BC+ —In these senses αὐτός in Prose either precedes both the _Article_ and substantive, or follows both, e.g. αὐτὸς ὁ υἱός or ὁ υἱὸς αὐτός. The Article is sometimes omitted with proper names, or Nouns denoting individuals, αὐτὸς ΜένωνRefs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 of oneself, of one's own accord, ἀλλά τις αὐ. ἴτωRefs 8th c.BC+; also, in person, τῶν πραγμάτων ὑμῖν.. αὐτοῖς ἀντιληπτέονRefs 4th c.BC+ __I.3 by oneself or itself, alone, αὐτός περ ἐών although alone, Refs 8th c.BC+; αὐτὸς ἐγείναο παῖδ᾽, i.e. without a mother,Refs 8th c.BC+by himself, Refs 5th c.BC+; αὐτοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν we are by ourselves, i.e. among friends, Refs 5th c.BC+; αὐτὰ γὰρ ἔστιν ταῦτα these and no others, Refs 5th c.BC+ himself alone, Refs 8th c.BC+; αὐτὸς μόνος, see at {μόνος} II; αὐτὸς καθ᾽ αὑτόν, see at {ἑαυτοῦ}. __I.4 in Philosophy, by or in itself, of an abstract concept or idea, δίκαιον αὐτόRefs 5th c.BC+ is frequently in this sense, attached to Nouns of all genders, οὐκ αὐτὸ δικαιοσύνην ἐπαινοῦντες ἀλλὰ τὰς ἀπ᾽ αὐτῆς εὐδοκιμήσειςRefs 5th c.BC+; more fully, εἰ αὐτὸ τοῦτο πατέρα ἠρώτων, ἆρα ὁ πατήρ ἐστι πατήρ τινος, ἢ ο; Refs; ἀδελφός, αὐτὸ τοῦτο ὅπερ ἔστιν the ideal, abstract brother, Refs 4th c.BC+; less frequently agreeing with the substantive, ἵνα αὐτὴ δικαιοσύνη πρὸς ἀδικίαν αὐτὴν κριθείηRefs 5th c.BC+its very self, Refs __I.5 in dative with substantive, in one, together, ἀνόρουσεν αὐτῇ σὺν φόρμιγγι he sprang up lyre in hand, Refs 8th c.BC+; αὐτῇ σὺν πήληκι κάρη helmet and all,Refs 8th c.BC+ men and all, Refs 5th c.BC+; αὐτοῖσι συμμάχοισι allies and all, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.6 added to ordinal Numbers, e.g. πέμπτος αὐτός himself the fifth, i. e. himself with four others, NT+5th c.BC+ __I.7 frequently coupled with οὗτος, τοῦτ᾽ αὐτό ἐστι τὸ ζητηθένRefs 5th c.BC+; ταῦτα ἥκω αὐτὰ ἵνα.. Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.8 καὶ αὐτός himself too, Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.9 repeated in apodosi for emphasis, αὐτὸς ἐπαγγειλάμενος σώσειν.. αὐτὸς ἀπώλεσενRefs 5th c.BC+ __I.10 in connexion with the person. pronoun, ἐγὼν αὐτόςRefs 8th c.BC+; followed by an enclitic pronoun, αὐτόν μινRefs 8th c.BC+ __I.10.b with person. pronoun omitted, αὐτός.. ἧσθαι λιλαίομαι, for ἐγὼ αὐτός, Refs 8th c.BC+; αὐτὸν ἐλέησον, for ἐμὲ αὐτόν,Refs 8th c.BC+ is simply a strengthened form of ο; and so in Attic dialect, when σὲ αὐτόν, ἐμοὶ αὐτῷ, etc., are read divisim, they are emphatic, not reflexive; in this case αὐτός generally precedes the person. pronoun,Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.10.c with the reflexive ἑαυτοῦ, αὑτοῦ, etc., to add force and definiteness, αὐτὸς καθ᾽ αὑτοῦRefs 4th c.BC+; αὐτοὶ ὑφ᾽ αὑτῶνRefs 5th c.BC+; sometimes between the Article and reflexive pronoun, τοῖς αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ πήμασιν βαρύνεταιRefs 5th c.BC+ __I.10.d αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶν with possessive pronoun, πατρὸς κλέος ἠδ᾽ ἐμὸν αὐτοῦRefs 8th c.BC+; τοῖς οἷσιν αὐτοῦRefs 8th c.BC+ __I.10.e αὐτὸς ἑαυτοῦ with comparative and superlative adjective, αὐτὸς ἑωυτοῦ ῥέει πολλῷ ὑποδεέστεροςRefs 5th c.BC+ __I.11 αὐτός for ὁ αὐτός, the same, Refs 8th c.BC+, and in later Prose, αὐταῖς ταῖς ἡμέραιςNT+2nd c.AD+ __I.12 comparative αὐτότεροςRefs 5th c.BC+: superlative αὐτότατος his very self, Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb, comparative αὐτοτέρωςRefs 2nd c.AD+ __II he, she, it, for the simple pronoun of 3 person, only in oblique cases (except in later Gk., NT, and rarely first in a sentence, NT+5th c.BC+: rare in Epic dialect, Refs 8th c.BC+, and mostly emphatic,Refs 8th c.BC+; so in Trag., Refs 5th c.BC+: in Prose, to recall a Noun used earlier in the sentence, ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν βασιλέα.. οὐκ οἶδα ὅ τι δεῖ αὐτὸν ὀμόσαιRefs 5th c.BC+; after a Relative, ὅς κε θεοῖς ἐπιπείθηται.. ἔκλυον αὐτοῦRefs 8th c.BC+; especially where a second Verb requires a change of case in the pronoun, οἳ ἂν ἐξελεγχθῶσι.. ὡς προδότας αὐτοὺς ὄντας τιμωρηθῆναιRefs 5th c.BC+; later, pleonastically after a Relative, ὧν ὁ μὲν αὐτῶνNT+5th c.BC+ __III with Article ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό, and Attic dialect contraction αὑτός, αὑτή, ταὐτό and ταὐτόν (as required by the metre,Refs 5th c.BC+ plural neuter ταὐτ; Ionic dialect ὡυτός, τὠυτό:—the very one, the same, rare in Refs 8th c.BC+: with dative, to denote sameness or agreement, especially in Prose, τὠυτὸ ἂν ὑμῖν ἐπρήσσομενRefs 5th c.BC+; ὁ αὐτὸς τῷ λίθῳ the same as the stone, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν ταὐτῷ εἶναί τινι to be in the place with.., Refs 5th c.BC+; προσίεσθαί τινα ἐς ταὐτὸ ἑαυτῷ to have a person meet one,Refs 5th c.BC+face to face, Refs 4th c.AD+ __III.2 in later Greek, the said, the above-named, Ἡρώδης ὁ αὐ.Refs 3rd c.BC+ __IV Adverbial phrases: __IV.1 αὐτὸ μόνον simply, merely, Refs 1st c.AD+ __IV.2 αὐτό as adverb, ={ἄρτι}, Refs __IV.3 αὐτὸ τοῦτο as adverb, NT+2nd c.BC+ __IV.4 with Preps., ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό added together, making a total, Refs 2nd c.AD+; κατὰ τὸ αὐτό together, at the same time,NT, etc.; but κατ᾽ αὐτό just then, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __V In Compos.: __V.1 of or by oneself, self-.., as in αὐτοδίδακτος, αὐτογνώμων, αὐτόματος: and so, independently, as in αὐτοκράτωρ, αὐτόνομος. __V.2 hence, as a second self, very.., bodily, as with proper names, Αὐτοθαΐς. __V.3 in the abstract, the ideal, see aboveRefs __V.4 precisely, as in αὐτόδεκα. __V.5 rarely with reflexive sense of ἀλλήλων, as in αὐτοκτονέω. __V.6 in one piece with, together with, as in αὐτόκωπος, αὐτοχείλης, αὐτόπρεμνος, αὐτόρριζος. __V.7 by itself: hence, only, as in αὐτόξυλος, αὐτόποκος.—For αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶς, etc., see the respective Arts.
I. עָשָׂה I. עָשָׂה vb. do, make (NH = BH; MI23.26 עשתי, l.3.9 ואעש, l.24 Imv. עשו; OH n.pr. עשיו, אלעשה, מעשיהו; not Aramaic, and not certainly found in S. Sem. lang.; on Sab. v. especially DHMSB Berl. Akkadian 1886, 849);— Qal2524 Pf. 3 ms. Gn 3:1 +, sf. עָשָׂהוּ Ho 8:6 +; 3 fs. עָֽשְׂתָה Dt 22:21 +, וְעָשָׂת consec. Lv 25:21; 2 ms. עָשִׂיתָ Gn 3:14 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲשֶׂה Gn 18:25 +, וַיַּעֲשֶׂה 1 K 16:25 + 3 times, וַיַּעַשׂ Is 5:2 +; יַעֲשֵׂה Is 64:3, 2 ms. תַּעֲשֶׂה 1 S 10:8, תַּעֲשֵׂה Gn 26:29 Jos 7:9, juss. (c. אַל) תַּעַשׂ Gn 22:12 +, תַּעֲשֵׂה 2 S 13:12 Je 40:16 Qr (Kt תַּעַשׂ); 1 s. אֶעֱשֶׂה Gn 2:18 +, וָאֶעֱשֶׂה Ez 20:14 Dn 8:27, וָאַעַשׂ Dt 10:3 + 4 times Ez; etc.; Imv. ms. עֲשֵׂה Ju 10:15 +; fs. עֲשִׂי Je 6:26 +, etc.; Inf. abs. עָשׂה 44:17 +; עָשׂוֹ 7:5 + 2 times (4:18 van d. H. עָשׂוּ); cstr. עֲשׂוֹת Gn 2:4 +, עֲשֹׂה 50:20 + 2 times, עֲשׂוֹ 31:28, sf. עֲשׂתוֹ 41:32 +, עֲשׂהוּ †Ex 18:18, etc.; Pt. act. עֹשֶׂה Is 5:5 +, sf. הָעשֹׁוֹ Jb 40:19 (but v. infr.); pl. עֹשִׂים Gn 24:49 +; sf. עֹשָׂ֑י Jb 35:10 (yet v. Ges§ 124 k), etc.; pass. עָשׂוּי Ex 3:16 +, הֶעָשׂוּ Jb 41:25 (Ges§ 75 k); f. עֲשׂוּיָה Ez 21:20 +, etc.;— I. 1. do (1560 + times): a. (1) c. acc. act. Gn 3:14 (J) 20:10 (E) + often; do right in eyes of י׳ 2 K 12:3; 14:13 +, evil 8:18, 27 + (cf. i. עַיִן 3 c); do God’s commands, statutes, etc., Dt 16:12; 30:8, Nu 15:39 (P); ע׳ חַיִל 1 S 14:48 + do might, i.e. mightily, valiantly; Pr 31:29 do efficiency, i.e. efficiently; = commit (offence) Lv 20:13 (H), Dt 20:18; sq. מִן part., וְעָשָׂה מֵאַחַת מֵהֵנָּה Lv 4:2 and shall do a single one of them (things prohibited; v. מִן 3 b (d)), cf. וְעָשׂוּ אַחַת מִכָּל־מִצְוֹת י׳ v 13, 22; 5:17 (all P); do = perform a work, c. acc. cogn. מַעֲשֶׂה Ex 18:20; 23:12 (E), also (י׳ subj.) Dt 11:7 Dn 9:14 Ec 3:11; c. acc. מְלָאכָה Gn 2:2, 2 (J), Ex 20:9, 10 = Dt 9:13 (10 Words); c. acc. דְּרָכֶיךָ †Is 58:13; ע׳ מְלוּכָה עַל 1 K 21:7 = exercise sovereignty over; of י׳ performing signs (אֹתֹת) Jos 24:17 (E), Nu 14:11, 22 (JE), Dt 11:3, so Moses Ex 4:17 and (מֹפְתִים) v 21. (2) do something to one (ל pers.) Gn 20:9 (E), Ju 9:56 +; c. עַל reflex. Je 26:19 do evil against ourselves; especially י׳ subj., c. לְ, do good to Ex 18:9 (E), 1 K 8:66, or evil Gn 42:28 (E); in phr. so may God do to me, etc. 1 S 3:17 2 K 6:31 + (v. יסף Hiph. 1). (3) do something for one (ל pers.) Gn 30:31 1 K 11:8 +, dir. obj. om. 1 S 20:4; + ל rei Ju 21:7, 16 what shall we do for them, for wives? c. עַל pers. Ne 5:19; c. dat. eth. (ל) 1 S 10:7; c. לְ, of י׳ doing kindness for 1 S 22:3; executing vengeance for Ju 11:36 (+ מִן of enemy); י׳ doing a sign (אוֹת) for †Ju 6:17 (elsewhere נָתַן אוֹת לְ), cf. עֲשֵׂה־עִמִּי אוֹת לְטוֹבָה ψ 86:17. (4) do someth. (in relation or intercourse) with (עִם, אֵת pers.), י׳ subj. Ex 34:10 Dt 1:30 all that he did with you, 10:21 (cf. ψ 86:17 supr.), human subj. 2 Ch 24:24 (obj. שְׁפָטִים), Ru 2:11. (5) seldom c. ב, usually of executing judgment upon 1 S 28:18 Is 48:14, more gen. Est 1:15 what shall we do with the queen? also, subj. י׳, Ez 25:11; 28:26 ψ 149:7, 9 Nu 33:4 (on false gods); in good sense, ע׳ חֲסָדִים בּ׳ Ne 13:14. (6) of י׳ doing the justice (מִשְׁפַּט) of any one, i.e. maintaining his cause 1 K 8:45, 49 ψ 9:5. (7) c. adv. do thus, כֹּה, Jos 6:14 (JE), according to, כְּ, Gn 6:22 (P), 18:21 (J), 1 K 2:6; acc. as, כַּאֲשֶׁר Gn 27:19 (J); Ex 1:17 (E) +; c. בְּ of manner, Ju 9:16a, Ez 8:18; 25:15. b. work for (ל rei) Gn 30:30 (J); c. ל pers. 1 S 14:6 Ez 29:20 (for י׳); work in (ב) gold or other material 1 K 7:14 2 Ch 2:6, 13 Ex 31:4, 5; 35:32 (all P); c. בָּהּ (i.e. בָּעֲבֹדָח) Ex 5:9 (J) in toil Ne 4:10; work w. (עִם) God 1 S 14:45, so prob. of God’s working with (אֵת) Moses and Aaron 1 S 12:6 (usually appoint); c. עִם with (of pers. in whose company, in whose field) Ru 2:19(×2) (gleaning); work בְּחֵפֶץ כַּפֶּיהָ Pr 31:13; without prep. Ex 36:1 Ne 3:38. 2. deal with, c. עִם, 2 Ch 2:2 Dn 1:13 (כַּאֲשֶׁר acc. as); c. אֵת, Ez (17:17) 20:44 Mic 5:14 ψ 109:21; Ez 22:14 Zp 3:19 (Gr Now ins. כָּלָה, v. ii 1 g), + כְּ Je 21:2, + בְּ of manner Ez 23:25, 29; c. לְ pers. + בְּ 25:12; c. בְּ pers., Je 18:23 Dn 11:7, + כְּ according toNe 9:24 Est 3:11. 3. often in phr., do kindness (חֶסֶד) with: c. עִם, (עִמָּדִי) Gn 19:19; 24:12, 14 (J), Ju 1:24; 8:35 1 S 15:6 2 S 2:5; 10:2 = 1 Ch 19:2 +; c. עַל, 1 S 20:8 (but read עִם Vrss We Dr al.); abs., ψ 109:16; obj. חֶסֶד + אֱמֶת, c. עִם, Jos 2:14 (JE) Ju 9:19 2 S 2:6; c. אֵת with, Gn 24:49; 32:11; 47:29 (all J); c. לְ, Ex 20:6 = Dt 5:10, 2 S 22:51 = ψ 18:51; so ע׳ טוֹב, c. עִם, Gn 26:29 (J), cf. Ju 8:35; 9:16; c. אֵת with, 1 S 24:19 2 S 2:6. 4. abs. act, act with effect, especially of י׳, 1 K 8:32, 39 Je 14:7 Ez 20:9, 14, 22 ψ 22:32; 37:5; 52:11 Dn 9:19; of men 2 Ch 31:21 Dn 8:12, 24; 11:28, 30, 32; c. ל pers. Ez 31:11. II. 1. make (670 + times): a. c. obj. concr., ark Gn 8:6, altar 13:4, idols Ju 18:24, 31 +, etc. b. often of God’s making (creating) Gn 3:1 (J), 1:7, 16, 25 (P), Ne 9:6 Jb 9:9 Pr 8:26 2 Ch 2:11 ψ 95:5 +; making man ψ 100:3; 119:73 (made by God’s hands), in the womb Jb 31:15(×2); making constituting, nation Dt 26:19; 32:6, 15; pt. sf. עֹשֵׂהוּ his Maker Is 17:7 Pr 14:31; 17:5 (הָעֹשׂוֹ Jb 40:19 is improb., most read הֶעָשָׂוּי, with various interpr. of foll. words); עֹשֶׂךָ Is 51:13, עֹשֵׂנִי Jb 32:22 (Ginsb; v 22 van d. H. Baer), עֹשֵׂנוּ ψ 95:6; so appar. pt. pl. עֹשָׂ֑י Jb 35:10, עֹשַׂיִךְ Is 54:5 (Ges§ 124 k expl. as sg.). c. make something, c. לְ reflex., make for thee Ex 20:4 Dt 9:12; 10:1 +, for (ל) another 1 S 2:19 2 S 7:11 1 K 2:24 +; obj. מִשְׁתֶּה banquet Gn 40:20 Est 5:4, also (no ל) Gn 29:22 (E) Ju 14:10 Est 5:5, 12 and (fig., י׳ subj.) Is 25:6; c. ל rei, Dt 22:8; c. ל of animal Gn 33:17 (J). d. make a name (שֵׁם) for oneself (ל) 2 S 7:9 1 Ch 17:8, also (no ל) 2 S 8:13; a new heart for oneself (ל) Ez 18:31. e. make war with (אֶת) Gn 14:2 Jos 11:18 (D); c. עִם, Dt 20:12, 20 1 Ch 5:10, 19; abs. 1 Ch 22:8; c. ל reflex. Pr 24:6; pt. עֹשֵׂה מִלְחָמָה 2 Ch 11:1; 26:11, 13; make peace, c. ל pers. Jos 9:15 (J); ע׳ אִתִּי בְרָכָה 2 K 18:31 make an agreement with me. f. c. ב, ע׳ פֶּרֶץ בּ׳ Ju 21:15 י׳ brought a catastrophe upon (cf. פרץ). g. c. 2 acc., make something out of (acc. mater.) Ex 25:18; 28:13; 37:17, 24 Ct 3:10 Dt 10:3 +; make something into something (Ges§ 117 ii) Ho 8:4 Gn 27:9 Ju 17:4 Nu 11:8; 17:3 ψ 104:4; make something כָּלָה, i.e. utterly destroy it Na 1:8 Zp 1:18 Ez 20:17 Ne 9:31; c. pt. pass. as 2nd acc. Ex 38:7 they made it נְבוּב לֻחֹת hollow with boards, 39:9; but also c. acc. + לְ, Ho 2:10 gold they made into (ל) the Baal, Ju 8:27 Ex 27:3 (P), Dt 9:14 Je 37:15 Ez 4:9 IS 44:17, 19; make something for (ל pers.), + מִן of material Ct 3:9. 2. produce, yield: of grain, yielding meal Ho 8:7(×2), vineyard, grapes Is 5:2(×2), 4(×2), 10, tree, fruit 2 K 19:30 = Is 37:31, Ho 9:16 Je 12:2; 17:8 Ez 17:23 (all fig.), Gn 1:11, 12 (P); branches Jb 14:9 and (fig.) Ez 17:8; land, fruit Lv 25:21 cf. Hb 3:17, abs. Gn 41:47; of seed Is 5:10, vine, shoots Ez 17:6 (fig.); of cows, yielding milk Is 7:22; hippop. producing fat Jb 15:27. 3. prepare, especially of dressing and cooking food, Gn 18:7, 8 Ju 6:19; 13:15 1 S 25:18 (pass.), 2 S 12:4(×2) Gn 27:14, 17, 31 2 S 13:5, 7 1 K 17:12 Ex 12:39 (+ ל reflex.) Ez 35:6; a bullock for sacrifice 1 K 18:23, 25, 26; כְּלֵי גוֹלָה Ez 12:3 (+ ל reflex.); a chamber Ne 13:7; prepare to build (+ ל pers. and inf.). 4. make offering, e.g. עוֹלָה Ju 13:16 Je 33:18 Lv 16:24, עוֹלָה וָזֶבַח 2 K 5:17 (+ ל dei), הַחַטָּאת Lv 14:19, אִשֶּׁה Nu 15:3, 14, various offerings 1 K 8:64 Lv 9:22 Ez 45:17; 46:2 +; + לי׳ to י׳ Lv 17:9 +; also c. acc. of thing sacrificed (perhaps orig. prepare or provide, v. supr.) Ez 43:25(×2); 46:15 Lv 14:30; 15:15, 30; 16:9 Nu 6:11, 17 ψ 66:15 (+ ל dei) +; abs. = offer sacrifice Ex 10:25 (E + לי׳), to (ל) heathen gods 2 K 17:32. 5. attend to, put in order: pare (the nails) Dt 21:12; wash (feet) 2 S 19:25; trim (beard) v 25 (cf. Fr faire la barbe, Ger. die Haare machen). 6. observe, celebrate, religious festival, e.g. pass-over Ex 12:47, 48; Nu 9:4, 6, 13; Jos 5:10, also (+ לי׳) Ex 12:48 Nu 9:10, 14 (all P), Dt 16:1 +; sabbath Ex 31:16; Dt 5:15; feast of weeks 16:10, booths 16:13, Purim Est 9:21, 27, etc. 7. acquire property of various kinds (cf. ‘make money’) Gn 12:5; 31:1 (J); Is 15:7; Je 17:11; 48:36; Dt 8:18; Ez 22:13; 28:4(×2); 38:12; 2 Ch 32:29; Ec 2:8; + ל reflex. Dt 8:17; 2 S 15:1; 1 K 1:5; of fruits from vineyards, etc. ψ 107:37. 8. appoint priests 1 K 12:31; 13:33; 2 Ch 2:17 (all + מִן source), a feast 1 K 12:32, 33 (+ ל pers.); ordain a sacrifice Nu 28:6, a festal day ψ 118:24; institute, אוֹב וְיִדְּעֹנִי ghost and familiar spirit 2 K 21:6 = 2 Ch 33:6 (cf. Dr Dt 18:11). 9. bring about, of י׳’s effecting a deliverance Ex 14:13 (לָכֶם), 1 S 11:13; 2 S 23:10 (ins. also ‖ 1 Ch 11:13 Dr), v 12; cause, sq. cl. c. שֶׁ Ec 3:14. 10. use, וְע׳ לִמְלַאכְתּוֹ 1 S 8:16; pass. Ex 38:24 11. spend, pass, days of life Ec 6:12. Niph.97 Pf. 3 ms. נַעֲשָׂה Ju 16:11 +; 3 fs. נֶעֶשְׂתָה 2 S 17:23 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יֵעָשֶׂה Gn 29:26 +, 3 fs. c. ו subord. וְתֵעָשׂ Est 5:6; 7:2; 9:12 (Ges§ 109 f), etc.; Inf. cstr. הֵעָשׂוֹת Est 9:1, 14, etc.; Pt. נַעֲשֶׂה Ne 5:18, etc.;— 1. be done (pass. of Qal I 1): a. subj. מְלָאכָה Ju 16:11 (c. ב instr.), Ne 6:16 (c. מֵאֵת אֱלֹהִים), v 9 Ex 12:16 + 4 times; subj. om. Ez 44:14, indef. Est 4:1; c. כֵּן 9:14; be done, כַּתּוֹרָה Ezr 10:3; be committed, of offence, Dt 13:15; Nu 15:24; Ec 4:1 + 3 times; c. neg. not (yet) done, i.e. future Is 46:10; be accomplished, performed, fulfilled Ez 12:25, 28; Dn 11:36; Est 5:5; 7:2; 9:12; be executed, carried out, of sentence Ec 8:11, decree Est 9:1; be followed, of counsel 2 S 17:23; nearly = occur Ec 1:9(×2), 13; 9:3, 6, subj. מַעֲשֶׂה 1:14; 2:17; 4:3; 8:9, 17, subj. הֶבֶל v 14, עִנְיָן v 15. b. Impf. c. neg., is (are) not done, not according to usage, of flagrant offences Gn 20:9 (E), 29:26 (c.כֵּן), 34:7 (both J), 2 S 13:12 (כֵּן); hence (P) not to be done, forbidden by י׳ Lv 4:2, 13, 22, 27; 5:17. c. be done to, c. ל of animal 1 S 11:7 (כֹּה); ל pers. Ex 2:4 (E) 21:31 (E; כַּמִּשְׁפָּט), Is 3:11; Je 5:13 (כֹּה), Lv 24:19 (H; כֵּן), Nu 15:34 (P) + 8 times; be done for, ל pers. Ju 11:37; Est 6:3, עִם pers v 3; ל rei Nu 15:11 (כָּכָה). d. be done upon, against (ב) Dn 9:12. †2. (pass. of Qal II): a. be made, of concr. things 1 K 10:20 = 2 Ch 9:19 (throne), Je 3:16 (ark), 2 K 12:14; Ez 43:18; Ex 25:31; Nu 4:26 (P); c. acc. mat. Lv 2:7. b. be produced from (מִן) vine Nu 6:4. c. be prepared, of food Ex 12:16; Lv 6:14; 7:9 (all P), Ne 5:18(×2). d. be offered, מִנְחָה Lv 2:8, 11, kid Nu 28:15, 24. e. be observed, passover 2 K 23:22, 23 (ל dei) = 2 Ch 35:18, 19; Purim Est 9:28. f. be used + ל rei Lv 7:24; 13:51 (P), Ez 15:5(×2); cf. Ex 38:24; 1 S 8:16. †Pu. Pf. 1 s. עֻשֵּׂיתִי ψ 139:15 I was made.
I. שָׁלַח814 vb. send (NH id.; Ecclus 48:18 +; Aramaic שְׁלַח, ܫܠܰܚ, SoBuhl BaES 41 cp. Arabic سَرَحَ (r = l), send forth, drive cattle to pasture, send messenger, etc., but then diff. √ for i. שֶׁלַח, Arabic سِلَاحٌ, سِلَحٌ weapon; Assyrian prob. šalû (send, hurl?), whence tešlîtu, command);— Qal562 Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Gn 42:4 +, 2 ms. sf. שְׁלַחְתָּ֑נִי Ex 5:22, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁלַח Gn 3:22 +, 2 fpl. תִּשְׁלַ֫חְנָה Ez 23:40 (Ju 5:26 read תִּשְׁלָחֶנָּה? Ob 3 תִּשְׁלַח יָד? Ges§ 47 k); Imv. ms. שְׁלַח 1 S 20:31 +, mpl. שְׁלָ֑חוּ 2 K 2:17; Inf. abs. שָׁל(וֹ)חַ Nu 22:37 +; cstr. שְׁלֹחַ v 15 +, שְׁלַח Is 58:9, sf. שָׁלְחֶ֑ךָ Gn 38:17, etc.; Pt. act. שֹׁלֵחַ Ex 9:14 +, etc.; שָׁלוּחַ 1 K 14:6 +, etc.;— 1. send: human subj., especially a. acc. pers. Gn 42:4; 43:8 (both J; c. אֵת with, pers.) Nu 22:15 (E) + often, c. ל rei for which Je 14:3; 16:16; sq. אֶל pers. Gn 37:13 (J), 2 S 11:6; Ne 6:5 +; rarely c. ל pers. Gn 32:19 (J; pass.), אֶל loc. 2 Ch 16:4, ב loc. 1 S 11:3, acc. loc. 2 K 22:3, -ה loc. 1 K 5:28, -ה loc. + מֵעַל pers. 2 S 13:17, מִן loc. Gn 37:14 (J), Nu 13:3 (P), etc.; sq. inf. purpose 1 S 25:14 (+ מִן loc.), 2 K 1:16 Je 40:14 +, אֶל pers. c. inf. purpose 2 S 10:3; Je 42:9 +, c. ו subord. 2 K 5:6, c. vb. fin. actionis Ex 2:5 (E), sent her maid and took, +, etc. (many combinations); acc. pers. alone 24:5 (E), Jos 7:22 (E), 2 S 10:7 + often b. less often acc. rei (sometimes c. בְּיַד of agent), c. אֶל pers. 1 S 16:20; 2 K 5:5; 20:12 +, 1 K 5:23 (= designate by sending unto), ל pers. Ju 3:15; 1 K 5:22 +, אֶל loc. Est 1:22, שָׁ֫מָּה 2 K 6:14; + inf. purpose 1 Ch 19:4; Est 4:4; + vb. fin. action. ψ 105:28; acc. of kid, alone, Gn 38:23 also (acc. om.) v 17, etc. c. very often without obj.: + vb. fin. action., send and do so and so, Gn 27:45 (E), 2 K 11:4; Jb 1:5 +; c. אֶל pers. Ho 5:13; 2 S 11:6 +, especially + לֵאמֹר Gn 38:25 (J), 1 K 20:5 (often S K), Je 29:28 +; c. inf. purpose Gn 32:6 (J), Nu 21:32 (J), 1 S 22:11 +, etc. (and so 1 S 31:9, reading וַיִּשְׁלְחוּ, for Pi., Th We Dr Now, not HPS Bu); abs. 2 K 2:16, 17; 2 S 14:29; = send to inquire 1 K 20:17, etc. 2. send: subj. י׳ (God), a. acc. pers. Gn 45:5 (E; לִפְנֵי pers.), 1 S 15:18 (בְּדָ֑רֶךְ), + אֶל pers. 2 S 12:1; acc. of angel, לִפְנֵי pers. Gn 24:7; Ex 33:2 (both J), אֵת with Gn 24:40 (J), etc.; c. acc. pers. = commission Ex 3:12 (E), Ju 6:14; Is 6:8; Je 14:14, 15 + often Je, Zc 2:13 +; also (c. אֶל pers.) Ex 3:13 (E), Je 25:4; Ez 3:6 +, etc.; especially of sending prophet, (שָׁלַח), הַשְׁכֵּם וְשָׁלוֹחַ Je 7:25 + (v. [שָׁכַם]); acc. pers. + inf. purpose 1 S 15:1; Je 19:14 +; + עַד loc. 2 K 2:2, acc. loc. v 4, ה—ָ loc. v 6, etc. b. c. acc. rei, plagues Ex 9:14 (c. אֶל־לֵב, ב pers.), fig. arrows 2 S 22:15 = ψ 18:15 (+ vb. fin. action.), ψ 144:6, cf. Je 25:16 al.; his word Is 9:7 (ב gent.), 55:11 (אשׁר to which), Zc 7:12 (ב agent.), ψ 107:20 (+ vb. fin. action.), 147:15 (+ acc. אֶרֶץ); acc. help 20:3 (מִן loc.), light and truth 43:3 (+ vb. fin. action.), cf. 57:4. 3. stretch out, especially acc. hand: a. human subj., c. ב pers. against, Gn 37:22 (E), 1 S 24:11; Est 2:21 +; c. ב rei (property of others) Ex 22:7, 10 (E), Est 9:10 +, בַּחַלָּמִישׁ Jb 28:9; c. אֶל pers. against Gn 22:12 (E), 2 S 18:12, עַל pers. 1 K 13:4, etc.; אֶל rei (for good) 2 S 6:6 (יָד om.); from outside, inward, Ct 5:4 (מִן loc.); abs. Jb 30:24 (read טֹבֵעַ for בְּעִי Di Bi Bu). + inf. purpose 1 S 22:17; 2 S 1:14; 1 Ch 13:9; + vb. fin. act. Gn 3:22 (J) Dt 25:11; Ju 15:15 +; שׁ׳ אֶצְבַּע Is 58:9, in token of scorn; c. acc. of rod 1 S 14:27; שִׁלֳחוּ מַגָּל Jo 4:13 stretch out (the) sickle. b. י׳ subj., acc. hand, + אֶל pers. against Ex 24:11 (E), cf. (עַל) ψ 138:7; + vb. fin. act. †Ex 3:20 (JE), 9:15 (J), Jb 1:11; 2:5; in favour, Je 1:9, abs. ψ 144:7 (מִן loc.), also (pass.) Ez 2:9 and (acc. תַּבְנִית יָד), 8:3. †c. acc. hand, subj. angel, + acc. loc., inf. purpose 2 S 24:16, cherub, אֶל rei, מִן loc. Ez 10:7; adversary, אֶל pers. Jb 1:12; subj. angle, acc. rod Ju 6:21. d. stretched out, slender, of tree Gn 49:21 (poem in J), v. i. אֵלָה" dir="rtl" >אֵלָה supr. p. 18b. e. perhaps extend, direct, acc. rei Ez 8:17 (v. זְמוֹרָה supr. p. 274b, also conj. in Toy Krae). 4. rarely send away (v. Pi.): human subj., acc. pers. Ju 11:38 (+ acc. temp.), Gn 28:5 (P). 5. let loose (v. Pi.), perhaps only ψ 50:19 (fig.) thy mouth hast thou let loose in evil. †Niph. Inf. abs. וְנִשְׁלוֹחַ סְפָרִים = letters were sent (Ges§ 114 z gg) Est 3:13 (+ אֶל pers., בְּיַד agent., inf. purpose). Pi.266 Pf. 3 ms. שִׁלַּח Ex 8:28 +, sf. שִׁלַּחֲךָ 1 S 20:22, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְשַׁלַּח Je 3:1 +, יְשַׁלֵּ֑חַ Is 45:13; Pr 6:14; 1 s. sf. אֲשַׁלֵּחֲךָ Gn 32:27, אֲשַׁלְּחֶ֫ךָּ 2 S 11:12 1 K 20:34, etc.; Imv. ms. שַׁלַּח Ex 4:23 +, etc.; Inf. abs. Dt 22:7 1 K 11:22; cstr. שַׁלַּח Gn 8:10 +, שַׁלֵּ֑חַ Ex 7:27 +, etc.; Pt. מְשַׁלֵּחַ Gn 43:4 +, etc.;— 1. send off, away, human subj.: a. acc. pers. + ל loc. Jos 24:28 (E), Ju 7:8; 1 S 10:25 +; + ל pers. Je 48:12; + -ה loc. Ju 12:9 and (c. inf. purpose) Gn 28:6 (P); acc. of goat, לַעֲזָאזֵל Lv 16:10 (-ה loc.), v 26; send out, different ways, acc. pers., ב loc. Ju 19:29; 20:6; send into exile, י׳ subj., c. מִן loc. Je 24:5, -ה loc. 29:20. b. send away, dismiss, acc. pers. Gn 21:14 (E), 25:6 (J; מֵעַל pers.), 2 S 13:16 +; specif., c. acc. of wife (= divorce), Dt 22:19, 29; 24:1, 3; Je 3:1 +, abs. Mal 2:16. c. send away empty (-handed) רֵיקָם, + acc. pers. Gn 31:42 (E), Dt 15:13; Jb 22:9. d. send off, give a ‘send-off’ (sometimes escort part way), acc. pers., Gn 18:16; 24:59; 31:27 (all J), 1 S 9:26; 2 S 19:32; 2 K 5:24; 6:23; Ob 7. e. acc. rei 1 S 6:8 Ne 8:12 +, c. acc. loc. 1 S 5:10; 6:3, אֶל pers. Je 27:3, etc. 2. a. send away, subj. י׳, acc. pers. Gn 19:29 (J; מִתּוֹךְ), 1 K 9:7 (מֵעַל פְּנֵי). b. give over, acc. pers. ψ 81:13 (ב of evil). c. cast out, acc. pers. Je 28:16 (מֵעַל־פְּנֵי), Lv 18:24; 20:23 (both מִפְּנֵי). d. send out, forth, send on a mission, especially of י׳, c. acc. of hornet Dt 7:20, cf. 28:20; 32:24 (all ב pers.), serpents Nu 21:6 (E; ב pers.), lions 2 K 17:25, 26 (both id.), foes 2 K 24:2(×2) (+ inf. purpose); pestilence Am 4:10; Ez 28:23 (ב pers.), etc.; also springs into (ב) channel ψ 104:10. 3. let go, set free (sometimes c. חָפְשִׁי) Ex 4:23; 5:2(×2) (all JE), 2 S 3:21, 23, 24 +; = cease to abuse Ju 19:25; + inf. purpose Gn 24:56 (J), Ex 5:1 (E; + 10 times Ex), 1 S 5:11; c. acc. of bird Gn 8:7, 8 (+ מֵאִתּוֹ) +; + עַל־פְּנֵי הַשָּׂדֶה Lv 14:7, cf. v 53 (both P); = let loose, acc. of beast, Ex 22:4 (E), Lv 16:22 (ב loc.); acc. of bridle Jb 30:11 (fig.); metaph. of strife Pr 6:14, 19; 16:28; let loose waters, subj. י׳, Jb 12:15. 4. shoot forth branches, Je 17:8 ψ 80:12 Ez 31:5 (but v. i. שֶׁלַח 2); cf. of locks (פֶּרַע) Ez 44:20 = let grow long. 5. let down, acc. pers. Je 38:6 (ב instr.), acc. rei v 11 (id. + אֶל pers. et loc.). 6. shoot (acc. of arrow om.), לְשַׁ׳ לִי לְמַטָּרָה 1 S 20:20. 7. phrases: שִׁלַּח (אֶת־)הָעִיר בָּאֵשׁ †Ju 1:8; 20:48, cf. 2 K 8:12 ψ 74:7; but also שׁ׳ אֵשׁ בְּ †Am 1:4, 7, 10, 12; 2:2, 5; Ho 8:14; Ez 39:6; rare expressions are: וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם בְּיַד־פִּשְׁעָם Jb 8:4 (God subj.); stretch out hand, ב rei (for use) Pr 31:19, ל pers. (charity) v 20; חֶבְלֵיהֶם תְּשַׁלַּחְנָה Jb 39:3 (of hinds, bearing); שַׁלַּח לַחְמְךָ עַל־פְּנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם Ec 11:1.—רַגְלַי שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ Jb 30:12 is corrupt; Theod Ew Di רַגְלָם שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ; Me Bu Be al. dittogr. from v 11 b. Pu. Pf. 3 ms. שֻׁלַּח Ju 5:15; Jb 18:8, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְשֻׁלַּח Pr 17:11; Pt. מְשֻׁלָּח Is 16:2 +;—be sent off (started on journey) Gn 44:3 (J); with commission, ב pers. Ob 1; Pr 17:11, אֶל pers. Dn 10:11; be put away, divorced, of wife Is 50:1 (fig.); be impelled (?), בְּרַגְלָיו (= at his heels?), c. ב loc. Ju 5:15 (vb. dub.), cf. שֻׁלַּח בְּרֶשֶׁת בְּרַגְלָיו Jb 18:8 he is hurried into the net with his feet (? 𝔊 Du שֻׁלְּחָה רַגְלוֹ); קֵן מְשֻׁלָּח Is 16:2 a driven (scattered) nest (‖ עוֹף נוֹדֵד), cf. נָוֶה מְשׁ׳ וְנֶעֱזָב כַּמִּדְבָּר 27:10; נַעַר מְשׁ׳ Pr 29:15 a boy let loose (unrestrained). †Hiph. Pf. 1 s. וְהִשְׁלַחְתִּ֫י and I (י׳) will send famine, בָּאָרֶץ Am 8:11, cf. Ez 14:13, wild beasts; ב pers. Lv 26:22 (H); Pt. מַשְׁלִיחַ, acc. of flies, ב pers. Ex 8:17 (J); Inf. cstr. לְהַשְׁלִיחַ, acc. of foe, ב gent. 2 K 15:37.
מוּת vb. die (NH id. (rare); Assyrian mâtu DlHWB 395, Arabic مَاتَ, Ethiopic ሞተ, Aramaic מוּת, מִית, ܡܺܝܬ; Nab. מות EutNab 14, 6; Zinj. מת DHMSendsch.Gloss.);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. מֵת Gn 42:38 +; 3 fs. מֵ֫תָה Gn 35:18 +; 2 ms. מַתָּה Ez 28:8; 1 s. וָמַ֑תִּי Gn 19:19; 3 mpl. מֵ֫תוּ Gn 7:22 +; 1 pl. מַתְנוּ Nu 14:2 2 K 7:4; מָ֑תְנוּ Nu 14:9 +; Impf. יָמוּת Gn 38:11 +; יָמֹ֑ת Dt 33:6 +; וַיָּ֫מָת Gn 11:28 +; 1 s. אָמוּת Gn 26:9 +; אָמֻת 2 S 19:38; אָמוּ֫תָה Gn 46:30; 3 mpl. יָמ֫וּתוּ 1 S 2:23 +; יְמֻתוּן Nu 16:29; 3 fpl. תְּמוּתֶ֫נָה Ez 13:19 (Ges§ 72, 5) +; Imv. מֻת Dt 32:50 Jb 2:9; Inf. abs. מוֹת Gn 2:17 +; cstr. מוּת Gn 25:32 +; sf. מוּתִי 2 S 19:1; מֻתָן 2 S 20:3, etc.; Pt. מֵת Gn 20:3 +; sf. מֵתִי Gn 23:4 +; fs. מֵתָה Gn 30:1 Zc 11:9; pl. מֵתִים Ex 12:33 +; cstr. מֵתֵי Is 22:2 +; sf. מֵתֶיךָ Is 26:19;— 1. die, of natural or other causes: a. (1) of man, †וַיִּגְוַע וַיָּמָת and he expired and died Gn 25:8 (+ בְּשֵׂיבָה טוֹבָה, v. infr.), v 17 35:29 (P); †וַיָּמָת וַיִּקָּבֵר Ju 10:2, 5; 8:32; 12:7, 10, 12, 15 2 S 17:23; †וימת וימלך תַּחְתָּיו and he died and—reigned in his stead Gn 36:33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 (P), 2 S 10:1 = 1 Ch 19:1, 2 K 1:17; 8:15; 13:24 1 Ch 1:44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50; וימת בְּשֵׂיבָה טוֹבָה and he died in a good old age 1 Ch 29:28 (+ Gn 25:8, v. supr.); as the result of smiting הכה Ex 21:18, 20, 22 (E); + במלחמה Dt 20:5, 6, 7 2 S 19:11; בַּחֶרֶב Je 11:22; ברעב v 22; מפני הרעב 38:9; בְּדֶבֶר 21:6; באבן Nu 35:17, 23 (P); †בַּמַּגֵּפָה Nu 14:37; 17:14; 25:9 (P). (2) fig. of wisdom, עִמָּכֶם תָּמוּת חָכְמָה Jb 12:2; of courage, וַיָּמָת לִבּוֹ בְּקִרְבּוֹ and his heart died within him 1 S 25:37.—2 S 2:31 del. מֵ֑תוּ We Dr Kit Bu, cf. 𝔊. b. of animals Lv 11:39; cattle Gn 33:13 (J), fish Ex 7:18 (E), frogs Ex 8:9 (J), lion Ec 9:4, worm Is 66:24; כֶּלֶב מֵת, dead dog (in proverb) 1 S 24:15 2 S 9:8; 16:9. c. a tree Jb 14:8. d. זִבְחֵי מֵתִים ψ 106:28 sacrifices to the dead (idols). 2. die as a penalty = be put to death: a. by human authority Gn 42:20 Ex 10:28; 21:14 (E), Gn 44:9 Jos 2:14 (J), Lv 20:20 (H), Nu 35:12, 30(×2) (P), especially D, Dt 17:5, 6; 18:20; 19:12; 22:22, 25; 24:7 Ju 6:30 1 S 14:43, 45(×2); 2 Sa 19:24 Je 38:24; מות יָמוּת, die = be put to a violent death (> AV RV surely die), 1 S 14:39, 44; 22:16; 1 K 2:37, 42 (all Judaic), Je 26:8, all of capital punishment; 2 K 8:10 (Ephr.) of assassination; מוֹת יוּמַת be put to a violent death, in the codes of Ex 21:12, 15, 16, 17; 22:18 (E), Lv 20:2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 27; 24:16, 17 (H), Ex 31:14, 15 Nu 15:35; 35:16, 17, 18, 21, 31 Lv 27:29 (P; never in D; D uses verb, either Qal or Hiph., without inf. abs.); it is used in narratives Gn 26:11(J), Ex 19:12 (E), Ju 21:5. מ׳ is preceded by רגם Nu 15:36 (P), Dt 21:21 1 K 12:18 = 2 Ch 10:18, 1 K 21:13; סקל Dt 13:11 17:5; 22:21, 24 1 K 21:10, 13, 14, 15; פגע 1 K 2:25, 46; רמס 2 K 7:17, 20; בְּיַד גֹּאֵל Jos 20:9 (P). b. inflicted by God, Gn 20:3, 7; Jos 10:11 (E), Gn 3:3; 38:11; Ex 11:5; 12:33 (J), 28:35; 30:20(×2) Lv 8:35; 10:2, 6, 7, 9; 16:1, 2, 13 Nu 3:4; 4:19, 20; 14:35; 17:14, 25, 28; 18:3, 32; 26:11, 61 (P), Dt 5:22(×2); 18:16 Ju 6:23 1 S 5:12; 12:19; 25:17, 38, 39; 2 S 6:7; 12:13; 1 K 19:4; 2 K 14:6 = 2 Ch 25:4, 1 Ch 24:2; 2 Ch 13:20; 2 K 19:35 = Is 37:36, Ez 3:20; 18:4, 20, 21, 28; 33:15; מוֹת יָמוּת Gn 2:17; 3:4 (J), 20:7 (E), Ju 13:21, 22; 2 S 12:14; 14:14; 2 K 1:4, 6, 16 (all Judaic), Nu 26:65 (P), Ez 3:18; 33:8, 14; מוֹת יוּמַת 18:13, ביד יהוה Ex 16:3 (P); בחטא Lv 22:9 (H), Nu 27:3 (P), 2 K 14:6 = 2 Ch 25:4; לשׂאת חטא למות Nu 18:22 (P); בחטאת Ez 3:20; 18:24; בטמאה Lv 15:21 (P); בעון Je 31:30; Ez 3:18, 19; 18:17, 18; 33:8, 9; לא ישׂאו עון ומתו Ex 28:43 Nu 4:15 (P); בעול Ez 18:26; 33:13, 18; על עול 18:26; במעל 1 Ch 10:13. c. die, perish, of a nation by divine judgment, Moab Am 2:2, Ephraim Ho 13:1; בית ישׂראל Ez 18:31; 33:1. d. die prematurely, by neglect of wise moral conduct Pr 5:23; 10:21; 15:10; 19:16; 23:13; Ec 7:17.— Note. On (לַבֵּן) עַל־מוּת ψ 9:1; 48:15 v. עַלְמָה" dir="rtl" >עַלְמָה sub יָאַל²" dir="rtl" >II. עלם. Poʿlel. Pf. ms. sf. מוֹתְתַנִי Je 20:17; 1 s. מֹתַתִּי 2 S 1:16; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יְמֹתְתֵהוּ 1 S 17:51; 3 fs. תְּמוֹתֵת ψ 34:22; 1 s. sf. אֲמֹתְתֵהוּ 2 S 1:10; Imv. sf. מוֹתְתֵנִי Ju 9:54; מֹתְתֵנִי 2 S 1:9; inf. מוֹתֵת ψ 109:16; Pt. מְמוֹתֵת 1 S 14:13;—kill, put to death, despatch (intens.), abs. 1 S 14:13, elsewhere c. acc. Ju 9:54; 1 S 17:51; 2 S 1:9, 10, 16; Je 20:17; ψ 34:22; 109:16. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֵמִית Ju 16:30 +; sf. וֶהֱמִתָ֑נִי 2 S 14:32; הֱמִיתָם Je 41:8; 3 fs. sf. הֱמִיתָ֑תְהוּ 2 Ch 22:11; 2 ms. הֵמַתָּה Nu 14:15; 1 s. sf. הֲמִיתִּיו (read הֲמִתִּיו) 1 S 17:35; 3 mpl. הֵמִיתוּ 1 S 30:2 +, etc.; Impf. יָמִית Nu 35:19 +; וַיָּ֫מֶת Gn 38:10 +; sf. יְמִיתֵהוּ 1 K 13:24 +; יְמִתֶנּוּ Nu 35:19 +; Imv. sf. הֲמִיתֵנִי 1 S 20:8; pl. הָמִיתוּ 1 S 22:17; Inf. abs. הָמֵת 2 K 11:15 +; cstr. הָמִית Lv 20:4 +; Pt. מֵמִית 1 S 2:6; pl. מְמִיתִים 2 K 17:26; מְמִתִים Je 26:15 Jb 33:22;—kill, put to death: 1. abs. Jb 9:23, elsewhere c. acc., subj. man, a. of killing men in personal combat, or in war, often preceded by הכּה smite Jos 10:26; 11:17; 17:50 +; of destroying a city 2 S 20:19 (‖ השׁחית v 20). b. by authority, espec. in capital punishment Ex 1:16 (E), Lv 20:4 (H), Nu 35:19(×2), 21 (P), Dt 13:10; 17:7 Ju 20:13 1 S 11:12; 28:9 2 S 14:7, 32; 21:4 1 K 2:26, 34; 11:40; 19:17(×2) 2 K 14:6 = 2 Ch 25:4; Is 11:4; Je 26:15, 21, 24; 38:15, 16, 25; Est 4:11; בַּחֶרֶב 1 K 1:51; 2:8; 2 K 11:20 = 2 Ch 23:21; הָמֵת יָמִית Ju 15:13 1 K 3:26, 27; Je 26:19; 38:15. 2. subj. God, by inflicting penalty, abs. Dt 32:39; 1 S 2:6; 2 K 5:7, elsewhere c. acc. Gn 18:25; 38:7, 10; Ex 4:24; Nu 14:15 (J), Dt 9:28; Ju 13:23; 1 S 2:25; 5:10, 11; 1 Ch 2:3; 10:14; Is 65:15; Ho 9:16; ברעב Is 14:30; בצמא Ho 2:5; of killing fish ψ 105:29; מְמִיתִים Jb 33:22 executioners, angels of death. 3. of animals killing men, e.g. ox Ex 21:29 (E), lion 1 K 13:24, 26; 2 K 17:26. 4. bring to a premature death Pr 19:18; 21:25. Hoph. Pf. הוּמָ֑ת 2 K 11:2 +; 3 mpl. הֻמְתוּ 2 S 21:9; Impf. יוּמַת Lv 20:10 +; יוּמָ֑ת Gn 26:11 +; Pt. מוּמָת 1 S 19:11, pl. מוּמָתִים 2 K 11:2 (Qr), 2 Ch 22:11;—be killed, put to death: 1. by conspiracy 2 K 11:2, 2 = 2 Ch 22:11, 2 K 11:8, 15, 16 2 Ch 23:7, 14. 2. by capital punishment Ex 21:29 (E), 35:2 Nu 1:51; 3;10, 38; 18:7 (P), Lv 19:20; 24:16, 21 (H), Dt 13:6; 17:6(×2); 21:22; 24:16(×3) = 2 K 14:6(×3), Jos 1:18 (all D) Ju 6:31; 1 S 11:13; 19:6, 11; 20:32; 2 S 19:22, 23; 21:9; 1 K 2:24; 2 Ch 15:13; Je 38:4, and the phrase מוֹת יוּמת (see Qal 2 a). 3. by divine infliction, in the phrase מות יוּמת (see Qal 2 b). 4. die prematurely Pr 19:16.
קוּם628 vb. arise, stand up, stand;—(NH in der. spec. and deriv.; Ph. Hiph. Pt. and מקם place; Arabic قَامَ (و) stand, rise, Ethiopic ቆመ: stand, stop; Sab. מקם, place, HomChrest. 127; Aramaic קוּם, ܩܳܡ = BH, so Old Aramaic Nab. קום; Palm. Aph. אקים erect statue; cf. prob. Assyrian Kumu (k = כ), place, dwelling, kum, kêmu, in place of, and perhaps kaiamânu, enduring, constant (v. כִּיּוּן); Thes cp. also Sam. ࠒࠏࠌ, live, cf. especially 𝔗 Pa.);— Qal460 Pf. 3 ms. קָם 1 S 17:48 +, וְקָאם consec. Ho 10:14 (Ges§ 72 p); 2 ms. קַמְתָּ 2 S 12:21, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָקוּם Ex 21:19, juss. יָקֻם Gn 27:31, (לָ֑ךְ) וְיָ֫קָם Jb 22:28 (Ges§ 109 h Dr§ 152(3)); וַיָּ֫קָם Gn 4:8 +, etc.; Imv. ms. קוּם Gn 13:17 +, fpl. קֹמְנָה Is 32:9, etc.; Inf. abs. קוֹם Je 44:29; cstr. קוּם Am 5:2 +, etc.; Pt. fs. קָמָה Mi 7:6; mpl. קָמִים 2 S 18:31 +, הַקּוֹמִים 2 K 16:17 (Ges§ 72 p), etc.;— 1. arise: מִתַּחְתָּיו Ex 10:23 (E). Specif.: a. after lying down (sleep, sickness, mourning, etc.), 1 S 3:6, 8; 2 S 12:21; Ex 21:19; Gn 19:33, 35; 31:17; Ru 3:14; Ec 12:4 + 50 times; from lying dead, וַיָּקָם עַל־רַגְלָיו 2 K 13:21, cf. Jb 14:12 Is 26:14, 19 ψ 88:11; after falling Am 5:2; 8:14; Je 8:4; 25:27 + 4 times (chiefly fig.); after being smitten, wounded, etc. ψ 18:39 ‖ 2 S 22:39, Is 27:9 (of Asherim, etc.), 43:17 + 4 times; from sitting, reclining, especially at meals Gn 25:34; 1 S 1:9; 20:34 (מֵעִם הַשֻּׁלְחָן; v 25 see קָדַם), Est 7:7 (+ אֶל in constr. praegn.), but also Ju 3:20 (מֵעַל), 2 S 2:14(×2), 15, Jon 3:6 (מִכִּסְאוֹ), + 11 times, + (arise = stand up, in respect), Gn 19:1 (+ לִקְרָאתָם), 31:35 (מִפָּנֶיךָ), Lv 19:32 (מִפְּנֵי), Is 49:7; Jb 29:8; + וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ 2 K 2:19, cf. Gn 23:7; Ex 33:10; 1 S 20:41; 25:41;—(v. also e); from kneeling (מִן, + מִלִּפְנֵי loc.) 1 K 8:54, from obeisance 1 S 25:42; Est 8:4; from bending over (עַל) dead Gn 23:3 (P). b. out of (מִן) a condition, state, Ezr 9:5. c. of bear rising עַל pers., 1 S 17:35. d. arise (+ stand) Ex 33:8 ψ 20:9 (fig. of success, prosperity), Jb 24:22 (id.), +; of sheaf Gn 37:7; of waters Jos 3:16 (נֵד־אֶחָד). e. constr. praegn. arise (and stand) for a purpose Nu 11:32 (E); over, עַל pers., 2 S 12:17. f. arise as prelim. to formal speech Ju 20:8; Mi 6:1; Je 1:17; 1 Ch 28:2 (עַל־רַגְלָיו), Pr 31:28; Jb 30:28 + 5 times; to testify (against) Dt 19:15, 16 (both ב pers.), ψ 27:12; 35:11, cf. also וַיָּקָם בִּי Jb 16:8 (of כַּחַשׁ q.v.; Bu כַּעַשׂ); to vindicate Jb 19:25 (עַל־עָפָר); to read aloud Ne 9:3 (עַל־עָמְדָם); to bless people 2 Ch 30:27 (priests). g. to listen to God’s word Nu 23:18; Is 32:9; to praise God 2 Ch 20:19; Ne 9:4, 5. h. of noise, tumult Ho 10:14; of light Jb 25:3 (עַל pers.). 2. arise, in hostile sense (often with idea of suddenness); c. עַל pers. Dt 19:11 (out of ambush), 22:26; Ju 9:18; 20:5 ψ 27:3 (of war), Ob 1 (לַמִּלְחָמָה), + 11 times, + Jb 30:12 (according to Bu, reading עָלַי for עַל־יָמִין), + (of י׳) Am 7:9 (ב instr.), Is 14:22; 31:2; c. אֶל pers. Gn 4:8; 1 S 22:13; 24:8 (Gi v 7); c. ב pers. Mi 7:6 ψ 27:12 (false witness), Mi 7:6; c. עִם pers. ψ 94:16 (‖ יִתְיַצֵּב); v. especially pt. c. sf. = those rising up against me (thee, etc.) Ex 15:7; 32:25; Dt 33:11 + 8 times + ψ 109:28 (read קָמַי יֵבשׁוּ 𝔊 𝔙 Bae We Du, cf. Hup Dr); c. מִן from, out of Jos 8:7, 19 Ju 9:35, 43; 20:33; = revolt Nu 16:2 (לִפְנֵי pers.), 2 K 12:21; 2 Ch 13:6, cf. Hb 2:7. 3. arise, abs., = become powerful Pr 28:12, 28. 4. arise = come on the scene, appear, of leader, prophet, king Ju 5:7(×2); 10:1, 3 Dt 13:2; 34:10; Ex 1:8; 2 K 23:25; of years of famine Gn 41:30; c. אַחֲרֵי pers. Dt 29:21; Ju 2:10 1 K 3:12; c. תַּחַת, in place of, 1 K 8:20 = 2 Ch 6:10; Nu 32:14; c. עַל־מַמְלֶכֶת 2 Ch 21:4; c. מִן Nu 24:17 (sceptre out of Isr.); of calamity, Na 1:9; Pr 24:22; מִצָּהֳרַיִם יָקוּם הָ֑לֶד Jb 11:17 i.e. to shine upon thee. 5. arise for, i.e. to become, c. ל rei; בְּיוֹם קוּמִי לְעַד Zp 3:8 (read לְעֵד, for a witness, 𝔊 𝔖 We Now GASm cf. Da); הֶחָמָס קָם לְמַטֵּה־רֶשַׁע Ez 7:11 (but dub.; Co Berthol Krae קָמֵל). 6. a. arise for action, especially of י׳ arising [from his throne], + inf. Is 2:19, 21; for judgment ψ 76:10 (לַמִּשְׁפָּט), Jb 31:14; often Imv. Nu 10:35 Je 2:27 ψ 3:8 + 8 times ψψ + 2 Ch 6:41 (c. לְנוּחֶ֑ךָ), ψ 132:8 (c. לִמְנוּחָתֶ֑ךָ); Impf. Is 28:21 + 4 times; Imv. also of men, arise! up! i.e. act! Ju 4:14 Ezr 10:4, of idols Je 2:28; Impf. of the tongue (personified) Is 54:17 (אִתָּךְ לַמִּשְׁפָּט). b. arise (out of inaction), introducing some specific deed Gn 21:18; Ex 32:1; Ju 5:12; 8:20, 21; Je 49:14 (לַמִּלְחָמָה), Ob 1 (קוּמוּ וְנָקוּמָה עָלֶיהָ לַמִּלְחָמָה), + 37 times c. especially arise = start, make a move, to go somewhere, Gn 13:17; 19:14, 15; 1 S 9:3 Jon 1:3 (in flight), 3:3 + 110 times 7. stand: especially fig. a. = maintain oneself Jos 7:12, 13 (JE; לִפְנֵי pers.), Am 7:2, 5 Na 1:6 La 1:14 ψ 1:5; 24:3; Jb 41:18 (of sword), of courage (רוּח) Jos 2:11 (D; בְּאִישׁ, + לִפְנֵי pers.). b. = be established, confirmed, of kingdom 1 S 24:21 (בְּיָֽדְךָ; Gi v 20); of purchase Lv 27:19, c. ל pers. be assured to 25:30 Gn 23:17, 20 (all P). c. stand, endure 1 S 13:14 Jb 8:15 (‖ עָמַד), 15:29. d. = be fixed, of price, Lv 27:14, 17. e. = be valid, of vows, Nu 30:5(×2) + 6 times Nu 30 + v 10 (c. עַל pers.; all P). f. = be proven Dt 19:15. g. = be fulfilled Je 44:29 (impf. + inf. abs.; עַל pers.), Jb 22:28 (ל pers.); of י׳’s purpose Je 51:29 (עַל pers.), Is 14:24 Pr 19:21, cf. Je 44:28; Is 40:8; 46:10; of human plans, succeed Is 7:7; 8:10; 28:18; Pr 15:22. h. persist, עַל־נְדִיבוֹת יָקוּם Is 32:8 lit. on noble things doth he take his stand. i. יָקוּם עַל־שֵׁם אָחִיו Dt 25:6 he shall stand upon the name of his dead brother, represent him. j. of eyes, = be set, fixed, without vision 1 S 4:15 1 K 14:4 (עַיִן 1 i). †Pi. Pf. 3 ms. קִיַּם Est 9:31, 32; 3 pl. קִיְּמוּ v 27, 31; Impf. 1 s. וָאֲקַיֵּמָ֑ה ψ 119:106; Imv. ms. sf. קַיְּמֵנִי v 28; inf. cstr. לְקַיִּם Ez 13:6 +;—late (Aramaic): 1. fulfil, Ez 13:6 ψ 119:106. 2. a. confirm, ratify, Ru 4:7. b. confirm, establish, of י׳ ψ 119:28 (c. sf. acc.). c. impose, an obligation, עַל pers. Est 9:21, 31b, עַל reflex. v 27, 31 c; c. acc. rei v 29, 31 a. 32. †Pōʿl. raise up: Impf. 2 ms. תְּקוֹמֵם Is 58:12; 1 s. אֲקוֹמֵם 44:26; 3 mpl. יְקוֹמֵ֑מוּ 61:4 (all of rebuilding);—יְקוֹמֵם Mi 2:8, read תָּקוּמוּ We Now, or קָמִים GASm Buhl. †Hithpōʿl. raise oneself, = rise up: Pt. fs. מִתְקוֹמָמָה Jb 20:27 (לְ pers. against); ms. sf. -מְמִי 27:7 one rising up against me (‖ אֹיְבִי); pl. abs. -מְמִים ψ 17:7; sf. -מְמַי 59:2; v. also 139:21, reading וּבְמִתְקוֹמְמֶיךָ (for MT וּבִתְק׳; ‖ מְשַׂנְאֶיךָ); see also קוט. Hiph.146 Pf. 3 ms. הֵקִים Jos 4:9 +; 2 ms. וַהֲקֵמֹתָ֫ Ex 26:30; Dt 27:2; 1 s. הֲקִימֹתִי 1 S 15:13, הֲקִמֹתִי Gn 9:17 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָקִים Dt 18:15 +; juss. יָקֵם 1 S 1:23 +; וַיָּ֫קֶם Ju 2:16 +; 2 fpl. תָּקִ֫ימְנָה Je 44:25, etc.; Imv. ms. הָקֵם 2 S 7:25 +, etc.; Inf. abs. הָקֵים Je 44:25, הָקֵם Dt 22:4 Ju 7:19; cstr. הָקִים 2 S 3:10 +, etc.; Pt. מֵקִים Am 6:14 +, etc.;— †1. cause to arise, raise: a. the prostrate (acc. pers. vel rei) 2 S 12:17 (מִן־הָאָרֶץ), Dt 22:4 (הָקֵם תָּקִים עִמּוֹ) ψ 41:11 Ec 4:10(×2); fig. Am 5:2; 9:11(×2) Ho 6:2; Is 49:8; 1 S 2:8 = ψ 113:7 (‖ הֵרִים), Jb 4:4; Je 50:32. b. from throne (מִן) Is 14:9. c. lift up shield (צִנָּה) against (עַל) Ez 26:8. d. fig. raise (to dignity, power) Is 49:6. 2. †a. raise, set up, stones Jos 4:9 (JE; בְּתוֹךְ loc.), v 20 (JE; ב loc.), 24:26 (E; שָׁם, תַּחַת loc.), Dt 27:2; pillars 1 K 7:21(×3) ‖ 2 Ch 3:17 Ex 40:18 (P); מַצֵּבָה, פֶּסֶל Ju 18:30 (ל reflex.), Lv 26:1 Dt 16:22; throne, fig., 2 S 3:10, king Dt 28:36 (both c. עַל over). b. erect, build: Is 23:13 Ex 26:30; heap of stones over (עַל) Jos 7:26; 8:29; altar 2 S 24:18 (לי׳) ‖ 1 Ch 21:18 (id.), 1 K 16:32 (לבעל), 2 K 21:3 (id.) = 2 Ch 33:3 (לבעלים); curtains Je 10:20 (of Judah’s tent, in fig.); tabern., etc., Ex 40:2, 18, 33 + 4 times Nu; erect against (עַל) Is 29:3. †c. fig. of setting up law ψ 78:5 (עֵדוּת; ‖ שִׂים). †3. raise up = bring on the scene: c. acc., sons in place of (תַּחַת) fathers Jos 5:7, אַחֲרֵי 2 S 7:12 = 1 Ch 17:11, 1 K 15:4; raise up זֶרַע לִאָחִיךָ Gn 38:8 (J); judges Ju 2:16, 18 (לָהֶם), cf. 3:9, 15 (both ל pers.); king Je 30:9, צֶמַח צַדִּיק 23:5, prophet Je 29:15 Dt 18:15, 18, priest 1 S 2:35 (all ל pers.); shepherds, etc. Mi 5:5 (עַל against), Zc 11:16; לְהָקִים לְאָחִיו שֵׁם Dt 25:7; plant of name Ez 34:29 (ל pers.); evil (רָעָה) 2 S 12:11 (עַל against). †4. a. raise up = rouse, stir up (lion, in fig.) Gn 49:9 (poem) = Nu 24:9 (JE). b. instigate, c. acc. pers. + עַל against Am 6:14 1 S 22:8; + ל pers. 1 K 11:14, 23; c. acc. alone Hb 1:6. †5. raise up = constitute, הָקִיס־אֹתְךָ … לוֹ לְעָם Dt 29:12 cf. 28:9 Jb 16:12; וָאָקִים מִבְּנֵיכֶם לִנְבִיאִים Am 2:11; יָקֵם סְעָרָה לִדְמָמָה ψ 107:29 (cf. Qal 5). 6. cause to stand: †a. set, station, sentinels Ju 7:19 (הָקֵם הֵקִים), Je 51:12, cf. 6:17 (עַל pers.), 23:4 Ez 34:23; set feet on (עַל) rock ψ 40:3. †b. cause to hold one’s ground ψ 89:44 (בַּמִּלְחָמָה). †c. establish throne 2 Ch 7:18, כָּל־אַפְסֵי־אָ֑רֶץ Pr 30:4. †d. establish (make, ratify) covenant, of י׳, c. אֶת (prep.) pers. Gn 6:18; 9:9, 11; 17:19, 21; Ex 6:4 (all P); Ez 16:62; c. בֵּין … בֵּין Gn 9:17; 17:7 (both P); c. ל pers. Ez 16:60. †e. = make binding, a vow Nu 30:14, 15(×2). f. = carry out, give effect to (DrSm. 1, 23), oath, covenant, vow, word, plan, command, of man 1 S 15:11, 13 + 6 times; of י׳ Gn 26:3; Lv 26:9; 1 S 1:23; 1 K 6:12 Dt 8:18 Je 23:20 + 18 times †g. לְהָקִים שֵׁם־הַמֵּת עַל־נַחֲלָתוֹ Ru 4:5, 10 to cause the dead man’s name to stand upon his inheritance (cf. Qal 7 i). †Hoph. Pf. 3 ms. הֻ֫קַם עָ֑ל 2 S 23:1 be raised up (on הֻ֫קַּם van d. H., v. Dr); הוּקַם be set up Ex 40:17 (of tabern.); הוּקַם אֶת־דִּבְרֵי פ׳ Je 35:14 be held upright (Ges§ 121 a), i.e. observed, obeyed.
ποιέω, Doric dialect ποιϝέω Refs, etc.: Epic dialect imperfect ποίεον Refs 8th c.BC+; contraction ποίει Refs; Ionic dialect ποιέεσκον Refs 5th c.BC+future ποιήσω: aorist ἐποίησα, Epic dialect ποίησα Refs 8th c.BC+perfect πεποίηκα:—middle, Ionic dialect imperfect ποιεέσκετο Refs 5th c.BC+: future ποιήσομαι Refs 8th c.BC+aorist ἐποιησάμην, Epic dialect ποι- Refs 8th c.BC+perfect πεποίημαι in middle sense, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, future ποιηθήσομαι (μετα-) Refs 4th c.BC+, see above; πεποιήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐποιήθην Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect πεποίημαι Refs 8th c.BC+:—Attic dialect ποῶ Refs, etc., is guaranteed by metre in Trag. and Comedy texts, as ποῶ Refs 5th c.BC+, and found in codex Laur. of Refs 5th c.BC+ (ποήσω), 82.9 (ποεῖ), 154.7 (ἐποησάτην), etc.; but ποι- is always written before -οι, -ου, -ω in Inscrr.: πο- also in Aeolic dialect πόημι πόης πόει Refs 7th c.BC+; compare ποιητής. Used in two general senses, make and do. __A make, produce, first of something material, as manufactures, works of art, etc. (opposed to πράττειν, Refs 8th c.BC+; π. πύλας ἐν [πύργοις] Refs 8th c.BC+; of smith's work, π. σάκοςRefsh' (= ἐποίησε) Ἀργεῖος Refs 6th c.BC+; τίς.. τὴν λίθον ταύτην τέκτων ἐποίε; Refs 3rd c.BC+; εἵματα ἀπὸ ξύλων πεποιημένα made from trees, i.e. of cotton, Refs 5th c.BC+to be made with.., Refs 3rd c.AD+; also τῶν τὰ κέρεα.. οἱ πήχεες ποιεῦνται the horns of which are made into the sides of the lyre, Refs 5th c.BC+; also δέρμα εἰς περικεφαλαίας πεποίηται Refs:—middle, make for oneself, as of bees, οἰκία ποιήσωνται build them houses, Refs 8th c.BC+; [ῥεῖθρον] π., of a river, Refs 4th c.BC+; also, have a thing made, get it made, ὀβελούς Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸν Ἀπόλλω, i.e. a statue of Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.2 create, bring into existence, γένος ἀνθρώπων χρύσεον Refs 8th c.BC+the creator, Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, beget, υἱόν Refs 5th c.BC+; παῖδας ποιεῖσθαι, ={παιδοποιεῖσθαι}, Refs 5th c.BC+; conceive, παιδίον π. ἔκ τινος Refs 5th c.BC+:—active in this sense only in later Gr., Refs 1st c.AD+; of the woman, παιδίον ποιῆσαι Refs __A.3 generally, produce, ὕδωρ π., of Zeus, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. γάλα, of certain kinds of food, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἄρρεν π., of an egg, Refs 2nd c.AD+; μέλι ἄριστον π., of Hymettus, Refs 1st c.BC+; π. καρπόν, of trees, NT (metaphorically in religious sense,Refs; of men, κριθὰς π. grow barley, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. πενίαν, πλοῦτον, of the stars, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __A.3.b in Mathematics texts, make, produce, τομήν, σχῆμα, ὀρθὰς γωνίας, Refs 3rd c.BC+ —passive, πεποιήσθω ὡς.. let it be contrived that.., Refs 3rd c.BC+ __A.3.c postulate, imply, ἡ προσθήκη ἀφαίρεσιν καὶ ἔλλειψιν ποιεῖ Refs 3rd c.AD+ __A.3.d π. τὸ πρόβλημα effect a solution of the problem, Refs 3rd c.BC+; π. τὸ ἐπίταγμα fulfil, satisfy the required condition, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __A.4 after Refs 8th c.BC+, of Poets, compose, write, π. διθύραμβον, ἔπεα, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. Φαίδραν, Σατύρους, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. κωμῳδίαν, τραγῳδίαν, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, write poetry, write as a poet, ὀρθῶς π. Refs 5th c.BC+: followed by a quotation, ἐπόησάς ποτε.. Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.4.b represent in poetry, Ὅμηρον Ἀχιλλέα πεποιηκέναι ἀμείνω Ὀδυσσέως Refs 5th c.BC+; ποιήσας τὸν Ἀχιλλέα λέγοντα having represented Achilles saying, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.4.c describe in verse, θεὸν ἐν ἔπεσιν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐποίησα μύθους τοὺς Αἰσώπου put them into verse, Refs 4th c.BC+ __A.4.d invent, καινοὺς θεούς Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑπὸ ποιητέω τινὸς ποιηθὲν [τοὔνομα] Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to αὐτοφυῆ, κύρια, Refs 1st c.BC+ __A.II bring about, cause, τελευτήν Refs 8th c.BC+; also of things, ἄνεμοι αὐτοὶ μὲν οὐχ ὁρῶνται· ἃ δὲ ποιοῦσι φανερά Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.b with accusative et infinitive, cause or bring about that.., σε θεοὶ ποίησαν ἱκέσθαι [ἐς] οἶκον Refs 8th c.BC+; π. τινὰ αἰσχύνεσθαι, κλάειν, ἀπορεῖν, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+: followed by a relative clause, π. ὅκως ἔσται ἡ Κύπρος ἐλευθέρη Refs 5th c.BC+ —also middle, ἐποιήσατο ὡς ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ εἶενRefs __A.II.2 procure, π. ἄδειάν τε καὶ κάθοδόν τινι Refs 5th c.BC+; λόγος ἀργύριον τῷ λέγοντι π. gets him money, Refs 4th c.BC+:—middle, procure for oneself, gain, κλέος αὐτῇ ποιεῖτ᾽ Refs 8th c.BC+ __A.II.3 of sacrifices, festivals, etc., celebrate, π. ἱρά Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τὴν θυσίαν τῷ Ποσειδῶνι Refs 5th c.BC+; π. ἼσθμιαRefs 5th c.BC+; π. σάββατα observe the Sabbath, LXX; π. ταφάς, of a public funeral, Refs 5th c.BC+; also of political assemblies, π. ἐκκλησίαν Refs 5th c.BC+; ξύλλογον σφῶν αὐτῶν Refs:—middle, ἀγορὴν ποιήσατο Refs 8th c.BC+ __A.II.4 of war and peace, πόλεμον π. cause or give rise to a war, πόλεμον ἡμῖν ἀντ᾽ εἰρήνης πρὸς Αακεδαιμονίους π. Refs 4th c.BC+; but π. ποιησόμενοι about to make war (on one's own part), Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰρήνην π. bring about a peace (for others), Refs 5th c.BC+; but εἰρήνην ποιεῖσθαι make peace (for oneself), Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ἐπεποίητο συμμαχίη Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.5 frequently in middle with Nouns periphrastic for the Verb derived from the Noun, μύθου ποιήσασθαι ἐπισχεσίην submit a plea, Refs 8th c.BC+; ποιέεσθαι ὁδοιπορίην, for ὁδοιπορέειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. πλόον, for πλέειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. κομιδήν, for κομίζεσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; θῶμα π. τὴν ἐργασίην, for θωμάζειν, Refs; ὀργὴν π., for ὀργίζεσθαι, Refs; λήθην π. τι, for λανθάνεσθαί τινος, Refs; βουλὴν π., for βουλεύεσθαι, Refs; συμβολὴν π., for συμβάλλεσθαι, Refs; τὰς μάχας π., for μάχεσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; καταφυγὴν π., for καταφεύγειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀγῶνα π., for ἀγωνίζεσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. λόγον [τινός] make account of.., Refs 5th c.BC+; but τοὺς λόγους π. hold a conference, Refs 5th c.BC+; also simply for λέγειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; also π. δι᾽ ἀγγέλου, π. διὰ χρηστηρίων, communicate by a messenger, an oracle, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.III with adjective as predicate, make, render so and so, ποιῆσαί τινα ἄφρονα make one senseless, Refs 8th c.BC+; [δῶρα] ὄλβια ποιεῖν make them blest, i.e. prosper them,Refs 8th c.BC+ substantive, ποιῆσαι ἀθύρματα make into playthings, Refs 8th c.BC+: hence, appoint, instal, τὸν Μωϋσῆν καὶ τὸν Ἀαρών LXX+NTmiddle, ποιεῖσθαί τινα ἑταῖρον make him one's friend, Refs 8th c.BC+; π. τινὰ ἄλοχον or ἄκοιτιν take her to oneself as wife, Refs 8th c.BC+; π. τινὰ παῖδα make him one's son, i.e. adopt him as son, Refs 8th c.BC+; θετὸν παῖδα π. adopt a son, Refs 5th c.BC+ adopt, ἐπειδὴ οὐκ ἦσαν αὐτῷ παῖδες ἄρρενες, π. Λεωκράτη Refs 8th c.BC+; τὰ ἔπεα ἀπόρρητα π. making them a secret, Refs; also ἑωυτοῦ ποιέεται τὸ.. ἔργον makes it his own, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.IV put in a certain place or condition, etc., ἐμοὶ Ζεὺς.. ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ὧδε νόημα ποίησ᾽ Refs 8th c.BC+; of troops, form them, ὡς ἂν κράτιστα.. Refs 5th c.BC+; in politics, ἐς ὀλίγους τὰς ἀρχὰς π. Refs 5th c.BC+; and in war, π. Γετταλίαν ὑπὸ Φιλίππῳ bring it under his power, Refs 4th c.BC+:—middle, ποιέεσθαι ὑπ᾽ ἑωυτῷ Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τινὰς ἐς φυλακήν, τὰ τῶν ξυμμάχων ἐς ἀσφάλειαν, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ λεπτὰ πλοῖα ἐντὸς π. put the small vessels in the middle, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τινὰ ἐκποδών (see. ἐκποδών); ὄπισθεν π. τὸν ποταμόν Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.IV.2 in Mathematics texts, multiply, π. τὰ ιβ ἐπὶ τὰ έ, τὰ ζ ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτὰ π., Refs 2nd c.BC+ __A.V middle, deem, consider, reckon a thing as.., συμφορὴν ποιέεσθαί τι take it for a misfortune, Refs 5th c.BC+; δεινὸν π. τι esteem it a grievous thing, take it ill, Refs (rarely in active, δεινὰ π. Refs 5th c.BC+; μέγα π. with infinitive, deem it a great matter that.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἑρμαῖον π. τι count it clear gain, Refs 5th c.BC+ deem of no account, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν ἐλαφρῷ, ἐν ὁμοίῳ π., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν νόμῳ π. consider as lawful, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν ἀδείῃ π. consider as safe, Refs 5th c.BC+; περὶ πολλοῦ π., Latin magni facere, Refs 5th c.BC+; περὶ πλείονος, περὶ πλείστου π., Refs 5th c.BC+; περὶ ὀλίγου, περὶ ἐλάττονος, Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸ πολλοῦ π. with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.VI put the case, assume that.., ποιήσας ἀν᾽ ὀγδώκοντα ἄνδρας ἐνεῖναι Refs 5th c.BC+: without infinitive, ἐν ἑκάστῃ ψυχῇ ποιήσωμεν περιστερεῶνά τινα (i.e. εἶναι) Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, πεποιήσθω δή be it assumed then, Refs; οἱ φιλοσοφώτατοι ποιούμενοι those who are reputed.., Refs read τί οἰώμεθα..; __A.VII of Time, οὐ π. χρόνον make no long time, i. e. not to delay, Refs 4th c.BC+; μακρότερον ποιεῖς you are taking too long, Refs 3rd c.BC+; μέσας π. νύκτας let midnight come, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔξω μέσων νυκτῶν π. τὴν ὥραν put off the time of business to past midnight, Refs 4th c.BC+; τὴν νύκτα ἐφ᾽ ὅπλοις ποιεῖσθαι spend it under arms, LXX+5th c.BC+; τὰς ἡμέρας ἐν τοῖς ὕδασι π. Refs 1st c.BC+; tarry, stay, μῆνας τρεῖς NT+1st c.AD+ __A.VIII in later Greek, sacrifice, μοσχάριον LXX; καρπώσεις ὑπέρ τινοςLXX sacrifice to Ashtoreth,LXX __A.IX make ready, prepare, as food, μοσχάριονLXX; π. τὸν μύστακα trim it,LXX __A.X ποιεῖν βασιλέα play the king,LXX __B do, much like{πράσσω, οὐδὲν ἂν ὧν νυνὶ πεποίηκεν ἔπραξεν} Refs 8th c.BC+; ποιέειν Σπαρτιητικά act like a Spartan, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τὴν μουσικήν practise it, Refs 5th c.BC+; πᾶν or πάντα π., see at {πᾶς} Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.2 with double accusative, do something to another, κακά or ἀγαθὰ ποιεῖν τινα, first in Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀγαθόν, κακὸν π. τινά, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν ἐκείνου (i.e. χώραν) κακῶς π. LXX+5th c.BC+; also of things, ἀργύριον τωὐτὸ τοῦτο ἐποίεε he did this same thing with silver, LXX+5th c.BC+:—in middle, φίλα ποιέεσθαί τισι Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.3 with an adverb, ὧδε ποίησον do thus, Refs; πῶς ποιήσει; how will you act? Refs 5th c.BC+: frequently with participle, εὖ ἐποίησας ἀπικόμενος Refs 5th c.BC+; καλῶς ποιῶν almost Adverbial, καλῶς γ᾽, ἔφη, ποιῶν σύ Refs 4th c.BC+fortunately, Refs __B.4 in Prose (rarely in Poetry, Refs 4th c.BC+ I will do this for you, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II absolutely, to be doing, act, ποιέειν ἢ παθεῖν πρόκειται ἀγών Refs 5th c.BC+; ποιεῖν, as a category, opposed to πάσχειν, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.II.b of medicine, operate, be efficacious, Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸς στραγγουρίαν, πρὸς τοὺς δαιμονιζομένους, Refs 4th c.BC+; also of charms, Refs __B.II.2 Refs 5th c.BC+ good-will made greatly for, on the side of, the L., Refs: the former passage is imitated by Refs 2nd c.AD+ __C middle, ={προσποιέομαι}, pretend, with infinitive, Refs 1st c.BC+ 'builder', 'maker', cf. Sanskrit cinóti, cáyati 'arrange in order', 'build'.)
[נָכָה501] vb. smite (not in Qal) (NH Hiph. id.; Pf. 3 pl. הכו SI 4, Inf. להך[ת] ib. 2; Syriac ܢܟܳܐ, laesit, nocuit, repugnavit; Aph. laesit, vulneravit; Ethiopic ነከየ laesit, nocuit; cf. Arabic نَكَى be defeated, نِكَايَةٌ the inflicting of injury on an enemy Lane3038);— †Niph. Pf. וְנִכָּה וָמֵת consec. 2 S 11:15 and he shall be smitten [struck by weapon in battle] and die. †Pu. Pf. 3 fs. נֻכָּ֑תָה Ex 9:31; 3 pl. נֻכּוּ v 32 (J), both be smitten down by the hail. Hiph.482 Pf. 3 ms. הִכָּה Ex 9:25 +; sf. וְהִכַּ֫נִי consec. Gn 32:12, הִכָּם Je 5:6; 2 ms. הִכִּ֫יתָ Ex 17:5 +; 1 s. הִכֵּיתִי Ju 15:16 +, וְהִכֵּיתִ֫י Ex 3:20 +; 3 pl. הִכּוּ Gn 19:11 +; 2 mpl. הִכִּיתֶם Je 37:10 + 3 times consec.; etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַכֶּה Ex 21:20 +, יַךְ Ho 6:1 (but read וַיַּךְ We Now GASm); וְיַךְ Ho 14:6 (v. infr.); וַיַּכֶּה Jos 10:40 +, usually וַיַּךְ Ex 2:12 +; sf. 2 ms. יַכֶּ֫כָּה Je 40:15 + 2 times, 3 ms. וַיַּכּוֹ 2 S 14:6 (but read וַיַּךְ 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Th We Dr Klo Kit Bu HPS), יַכֶּ֫נּוּ 1 S 17:25 + 2 times; usually וַיַּכֵּ֫הוּ Nu 21:24 +; 3 fs. וַתַּךְ Jon 4:7.8; 2 ms. תַּכֶּה Ex 2:13 +; sf. 3 ms. תַּכֶּ֫נּוּ Pr 23:13, 14; 1 s. אַכֶּה 1 S 18:11 +; וָאַכֶּה Ne 13:25, וָאַךְ Ex 9:15; 3 mpl. יַכּוּ Mi 4:14; usually וַיַּכּוּ Gn 14:5 + (1 S 4:2 read prob. Hoph. q.v.); 1 pl. נַכֶּה־ Nu 22:6; וַנַּךְ Dt 2:33, etc.; Imv. הַכֵּה Ez 6:11; הַךְ Am 9:1 +; mpl. הַכּוּ 2 S 13:28, etc.; Inf. abs. הַכֵּה Dt 3:16 +; הַכּוֹת 2 K 3:24 (Ges§ 75 ff); cstr. הַכּוֹת Gn 4:15 +, etc.; Pt. מַכֶּה Ex 2:11 +; cstr. מַכֵּת Ex 21:12 +; pl. מַכִּים 1 S 4:8 +, etc.;— 1. a. lit., smite (with a single, non-fatal, blow), strike, sq. acc., ass Nu 22:23, 25, 27 (בְּמַקֵּל), v 28, 32 (all J); man Ex 21:15, 19 (E); cheeks Jb 16:10; man (on) cheek (2 acc.) La 3:30 ψ 3:8; man עַל־לְחִי Mi 4:14 (ב instr.), 1 K 22:24 = 2 Ch 18:23; eye Ex 21:26 (E); שֵׁבֶט מַכֵּךְ Is 14:26; with ב obj. Ex 17:6; with (ב) stone or fist Ex 21:18 (E), cf. (fig.) Is 58:4 (abs.); smite lion or bear 1 S 17:35; strike river (with rod מַטֶּה) 7:17 (c. עַל obj., + ב instr.), v 20 Ex 17:5 (E; ב instr.), also (with mantle) 2 K 2:8, 14(×2), cf. יָם" dir="rtl" >י׳ smiting Euphrates into (ל) seven streams Is 11:15; dust Ex 8:12, 13 (P); rock 17:6 (E), Nu 20:11 (P; ב instr.), ψ 78:20; fig. smite earth בְּשֵׁבֶט פִּיו Is 11:4 (of future Davidic kg.); strike on ground (אַ֫רְצָה; with arrows) 2 K 13:18, also (abs.) v 18, 19; strike weapons out of (מִן) hands, Ez 39:3 (י׳; fig. of making powerless); lintel of door Am 9:1; barley-loaf strikes tent Ju 7:13 (in dream); in fig. of regret, remorse וַיַּךְ לֵב דָּוִד אֹתוֹ 2 S 24:10 and David’s heart smote him, so 1 S 24:6 (+ עַל־אֲשֶׁר because); of goat smiting (butting with horn) the ram, so as to break its horns Dn 8:7 (in vision); smite = hit with missile, sling-stone 1 S 17:49 (c. acc. pers. + אֶל־מִצְחוֹ), cf. 2 K 3:25 (but text perhaps corrupt, v. Benz); arrow, 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33 (c. acc. pers. + בֵּין), 2 K 9:24 (c. id.); of piercing, הַכּוֹת בַּחֲנִית בְּדָוִד וּבַקִּיר 1 S 19:10 smite with the dart into D. and into the wall, pin D. to the wall, וַיַּךְ אֶת־הַח׳ בַּקִּיר v 10, cf. 18:11, אַכ��ּנּוּ בַחֲנִית וּבָאָרֶץ 26:8. b. smite repeatedly, beat, a man Ex 2:11, 13 (E), 5:16 (J), Ne 13:25 (מִן partit.), cf. Dt 25:11; here prob. also 1 K 20:35(×2), 37(×2) (הַכֵּה וּפָצֹעַ beating and bruising him); of Assyrian under fig. of task-master Is 10:24; beat a woman so as to bruise her (פָּצַע) Ct 5:7; beat by authority, scourge Je 20:2; 37:15 Dt 25:2, 3 (c. acc. pers. + acc. cogn. מַכָּה רַבָּה), v 3 cf. בִּן הַכּוֹת v 2 i.e. worthy of scourging, bastinado, (cf. Dr); 2 Ch 25:16; Pr 17:10; 19:25; 23:13, 14 (ב instr.); cf. גֵּוִי נָתַתִּי לְמַכִּים Is 50:6; of hail, beat down herbage etc. Ex 9:25(×2) (cf. Pu.). c. וַיַּכּוּ כַף 2 K 11:12 and they clapped hands (in applause); elsewhere only Ezek., in mockery; כַּף אֶל־כַּף Ez 21:19, 22; בְּכַפְּךָ 6:11 (‖ רְקַע בְּרַגְלְךָ); acc. כַּפִּי 22:13. d. give a thrust (with fork) into (ב) pot 1 S 2:14; strike roots Ho 14:6 (in fig., but וַיֵּלְכוּ We Now). e. rarely smite (in battle) so as (merely) to wound 2 K 8:28, so (+ acc. cogn. מַכָּה) v 29; 9:15 = 2 Ch 22:6; fig. of י׳’s wounding Isr. Ho 6:1 (opp. חָבַשׁ, bind up), Je 30:14 (c. acc. cogn.). Cf. smite with (ב) the tongue Je 18:18. f. smite, of sun, etc., c. acc. pers. Is 49:10 ψ 121:6; c. עַל Jon 4:8. 2. Smite fatally: a. (subj. man) smite, c. acc., + word of killing (dying):—obj. lion and bear 1 S 17:35; man Ex 21:12, 20 (E), Jos 10:26 (JE), 11:17 (D), 1 S 17:50; 2 S 1:15; 2:31 (מִן partit. + ב among), 4:7; 14:6; 18:15; 21:17; 1 K 16:10; 2 K 12:22; 15:30; 25:21 = Je 52:27, 2 K 25:25 Je 41:2; Nu 35:16, 17, 18, 21 (P; all c. ב instr.); c. acc. + אֶל־חֹמֶשׁ + ב instr. 2 S 2:23 smote him (fatally) in the belly with (v. HPS), 20:10, cf. 3:27 (+ 2 acc.) 4:6 (but del. 𝔊 Ew Th We Dr Bu HPS); וְהִכָּהוּ נֶפֶשׁ Dt 19:11 and he smite him in his life (mortally), and he die, cf. (without word of dying) v 6 Gn 37:21 (J), Je 40:14, 15 [otherwise Lv 24:17.18 Nu 35:11, 15, 30; Dt 27:25; Jos 20:3, 9]; with prolepsis לְהַכּוֹת חֲלָלִים smite the slain Ju 20:31, 39; + אַ֫רְצָה smite to the ground i.e. kill 2 S 2:22; 18:11. b. smite, of worm gnawing or boring so as to kill plant Jon 4:7. c. very often = kill, slay, man or beast (c. 150 times): Gn 4:15; 8:21 (exterminate; both J), Ex 2:12; Nu 21:35 (E), Jos 7:5 (מִן partit.), v 5 (JE), Dt 19:6; 21:1; 27:24, 25; Jos 11:10 (ב instr.; all D), Lv 24:17, 18, 21(×2) (H), Nu 35:11, 15, 21, 24, 30; Jos 9:18; 20:3, 9 (all P), Ju 15:16; 1 S 17:9(×2), 36; 2 S 12:9 (ב instr.), 2 K 9:7 (exterminate), etc.; c. ב among 1 S 6:19; 23:5, מִן partit. Ju 14:19; 20:45; c. ב partit. slay at, work slaughter among 2 S 23:10 (ins. also in ‖ 1 Ch 11:13 v Bead loc. Dr 2 S 23:10), but also ב of dir. obj. 1 S 18:7; 21:12 = 29:5; subj. lion 1 K 20:36(×2) cf. Je 5:6 (fig. of judgment); י׳ subj. 1 S 6:19b (ב among, + acc. cogn.; 1 S 6:19a וַיַּךְ crpt. v. 𝔊 Th We Dr Kl Kit Bu HPS); slay firstborn Ex 12:12 (J), v 29 Nu 3:13; 8:17; 33:4 (all P), ψ 78:51; 105:36; 135:8; God slays for (עַל) sin 2 S 6:7 = 1 Ch 13:10 (עַל־אֲשֶׁר); slay לְפִי־חֶרֶב Dt 13:16; 20:13 Jos 11:11, 12, 14 (all D), Ju 18:27; 21:10; 1 S 22:9; 2 K 10:25 Je 21:7 Jb 1:15, 17; kill, slay, c. acc. cogn. (מַכָּה) 1 S 14:14; 1 K 20:21 (ב among), 2 Ch 13:17 (בָּחֶם), 25:13 (מֵהֶם); c. acc. pers. + acc. cogn. Jos 10:20 (JE), Est 9:5, etc.; kill unwittingly, unintentionally הִכָּה בִבְלִי דַ֫עַת Dt 19:4; Jos 20:5 (both D). 3. Smite = attack, attack and destroy a company Gn 32:9, 12; 34:30; Jos 8:21 Ju 8:11; 9:43; 2 K 8:21; 2 Ch 21:9; attack and capture a city Ju 1:8 v 12 = Jos 15:16 (JE), Jos 7:3; 10:4 (JE), 1 S 30:1; 1 K 15:20 = 2 Ch 16:4, 2 K 15:16(×2) 1 Ch 20:1; 2 Ch 14:13; Je 47:1; tents 1 Ch 4:41; 2 Ch 14:14; = sack a city לְפִי־חֶרֶב (slaying inhab.), Jos 8:24; 19:47 (both JE), 10:28, 30, 32, 35, 37 cf. v 39 (all D), Ju 1:25; 20:37; 2 S 15:14; especially defeat kg. or army (involving often overthrow, pursuit and slaughter),—c. 95 times,—Gn 14:5, 15, 17; Nu 14:45; 21:24 (JE), Jos 8:12; 10:10 (+ acc. cogn.), v 10 (עַד loc.), 11:8(×2) (all JE), Dt 1:4; 2:33; 3:3; 4:46; 7:2; 29:6; Jos 10:33, 40 (ועד—מִן loc.), 12:1, 6, 12; 13:12 (all D); Ju 1:5, 17; 1 S 11:11 (עד temp.), 2 K 13:17 (עַד־כְּלֵּה), 2 K 3:24a + v 24b (where read וַיָּבֹאוּ בוֹא וְהַכּוֹת and they went on defeating), Is 10:20; Je 37:10, etc.; ins. וַיַּךְ or הִכָּה in 2 S 8:13 Th Ke Kit Bu cf. Dr, after 𝔊; c. ב obj. 1 S 14:31; 23:2(×2) (ה loc.—מִן); + לְפִי חֶרֶב Ju 20:48, etc.; of gods causing defeat 2 Ch 28:23; smite land = conquer, subjugate, sometimes ravage, Gn 14:7; Jos 10:40 (D), 1 S 27:9; Je 43:11; 46:13, cf. Is 14:6 (acc. cogn.); subj. י׳ Nu 32:4 (P); of י׳ smiting sea וְהִכָּה בַיָּם גַּלִּים Zc 10:11 (BevJPh. xviii. 35 (1889), 88 proposes גבלים). 4. Of God, a. smite with (ב) a plague, disease, etc.:—blindness Gn 19:11 (J), 2 K 6:18(×2) cf. Zc 12:4(×2) (symbol.); of Egyptian plagues Ex 3:20; 9:15 (both J), 1 S 4:8, without ב Ex 7:25 (J), 12:13 (P), ψ 136:10 (acc. + בִּבְכוֹרֵיהֶם); other plagues Nu 14:12 (JE), Dt 28:22, 27, 28, 35; 1 S 5:6; 2 S 24:17; Jb 2:7; Am 4:9; Hg 2:17; Mal 3:24; 1 S 5:6, 9; 2 K 19:35 = Is 37:36 (+ ב in); Nu 11:33 (JE; בָּעָם + acc. cogn.); smite vines with (ב) blight ψ 105:33. b. smite = chastise, or send judgment upon, usually c. acc., 1 K 14:15; 1 Ch 21:7; Is 5:25; 9:12; 27:7 (הַכְּמַכַּת מַכֵּהוּ הִכָּהוּ), 30:31 (ב instr.) 57:17; 60:10 (opp. רִחַם) Je 2:30; 5:3; 14:9; Ez 32:15 (𝔊 Co זֵרָה scatter); c. עַל punish for, (sin) Lv 26:24 (H). c. of God’s destroying palaces Am 3:15; 6:11 (2 acc.), cf. Zc 9:4. †Hoph. Pf. הֻכָּה Ho 9:16; Nu 25:14. הוּכָּה ψ 102:5; וְהֻכָּת consec. Ex 22:1; 3 fs. הֻכְּתָה Ez 33:21; 40:1; 1 s. הֻכֵּ֫יתִי Zc 13:6; 3 pl. הֻכּוּ 1 S 5:12; Impf. 3 mpl. וַיּכֻּוּ Ex 5:14; 2 mpl. תֻּכּוּ Is 1:5; Pt. מֻכֶּה Nu 25:14, cstr. מֻכֵּה Is 53:4; f. מֻכָּה Nu 25:15, 18; pl. מֻפִּים Ex 5:16, cstr. מֻכֵּי־ Je 18:21;—be smitten: 1. = receive a blow Is 1:5 (Judah under fig. of man). 2. be wounded Zc 13:6. 3. be beaten Ex 5:14, 16 (J). 4. be (fatally) smitten + vb. of dying Ex 22:1 (E); be killed, slain Nu 25:14(×2), 15, 18 (c. עַל, for), מֻכֵּי־חֶרֶב Je 18:21 (‖ הֲרֻגֵי מָ֑וֶת); so also (abs.) prob. 1 S 4:2 (read וַיֻּכּוּ 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Th Dr Klo Kit, for MT וַיַּכּוּ). 5. be attacked and captured, of city Ez 33:21; 40:1. 6. be smitten with disease (by God) 1 S 5:12; abs., of י׳’s servant Is 53:4. 7. be blighted, of plant (in fig.) Ho 9:16 (Ephr.), ψ 102:5 (heart, כָּעֵשֶׂב; both + יָבַשׁ).
עֵץ329 n.m. Gn 2: 9 tree, trees, wood;—ע׳ abs. Gn 3:3 +, cstr. 3:24 +, עֵץ־ 2:16 +; sf. עֵצְיךָ Dt 28:42, etc.; pl. עֵצִים Ju 9:8 +, cstr. עֲצֵי Is 7:2 +, sf. עֵצֶיךָ Dt 29:10, עֵצֵינוּ La 5:4, etc.;— 1. (c. 150 times) a. a standing tree Gn 18:4, 8 (J) +, Ex 15:25 (J; of shrub?), Je 17:18 = ψ 1:3 (sim.); to be felled Dt 19:5; 2 K 6:6; הָעֵצִים (appar. incl. vine and bramble) in allegory Ju 9:8 + 6 times Ju 9; עֵץ הַחַיִּים †Gn 2:9; 3:22, 24 (J), cf. חַיִּים" dir="rtl" >ע׳ חַיִּים, fig. of source of (life and) happiness †Pr 3:18; 11:30; 13:12; 15:4; ע׳ הַדַּעַת טוֹב וָרָע Gn 2:9, 16 (J); עֲצֵי (ה)יַעַר Is 7:2 (sim.), 44:14; Ez 15:2 +; עֲצֵי הַשָּׂדֶה Is 55:12; Ez 17:24 (fig.), +; עֲצֵי לְבָנוֹן 2 Ch 2:7; עֲצֵי־מַיִם †Ez 31:14; עֲצֵי י׳ †ψ 104:16; עֲצֵי עֵדֶן †Ez 31:9, 16, 18(×2); עֲצֵי לְבוֹנָה Ct 4:14; of vine עֵץ הַגֶּפֶן †Ez 15:2, 6; תַּחַת כָּל־עֵץ רַעֲנָ֑ן place of illicit worship †Dt 12:2; Je 2:20; 3:6, 13; 1 K 14:23; 2 K 16:4; 17:10; Ez 6:13; Is 57:5; 2 Ch 28:4, cf. רַעֲנָן" dir="rtl" >עַל־עֵץ רַעֲנָן Je 17:2; כָּל־עֵץ עָבֹת Ez 20:28. b. coll. trees, עֵץ־הַגָּן Gn 2:16; 3:1, 2, 8 (all J); usually later, ע׳ 1:12, 29(×2) (P), +; עֵץ פְּרִי fruit-bearing trees Gn 1:11 (P), ψ 148:9, cf. Ec 2:5, עֵץ" dir="rtl" >פְּרִי עֵץ Ex 10:15 (J), Ez 36:30 Lv 23:40 (H), cf. Jo 2:22; עֵץ־מַאֲכָל Dt 20:20; Lv 19:23 (H), Ez 47:12; Ne 9:25; עֵץ הַזַּיִת Hg 2:19 olive trees, עֵץ שֶׁמֶן Ne 8:15, עֵץ־שָׁ֑מֶן Is 41:19; סֲבָךְ־עֵץ ψ 74:5 thicket of trees; עֵץ הַשָּׂדֶה Ex 9:25 (J), +; עֵץ הַיַּעַר †Ez 15:6, cf. Is 10:19; 44:23; כִּימֵי הָעֵץ Is 65:22 (sim. of great age). c. pl. of trees felled for building, 1 K 5:20, 32 (+ אֲבָנִים); עֲצֵי אֲרָזִים 2 S 5:11 = 1 Ch 14:1 + 7 times; עֲצֵי בְרוֹשׁים 1 K 5:22, 24; 9:11; (אַלְגּ׳) עֲצֵי אַלְמֻגִּים, v. אַלְגּוּמִים" dir="rtl" >אַלְגּ׳ p. 38 supr. 2. (c. 175 times; c. 120 times pl., to denote pieces [or articles] of wood) a. wood, as material; for building, 2 K 12:13 (+ אַבְנֵי מַחְצֵב), 22:6 = 2 Ch 34:11 (both + id.), Ne 2:8 +; עֲצֵי שָׁ֑מֶן 1 K 6:23, 31, 33 cf. v 32; עֲצֵי־גֹּפֶר Gn 6:14 (Noah’s ark), עֲצֵי שִׁטּים Ex 25:5, 10 + 20 times Ex (of tabern. and its furniture; all P) Dt 10:3; מִגְדַּל־עֵץ Ne 8:4; מוֹטֹת עֵץ Je 28:13 (in fig.; opp. מ׳ בַּרְזֶל); כְּלִי־עֵץ article of wood Lv 11:32; 15:12 Nu 31:20, cf. 35:18 (all P). Hence b. עֵצִים = articles of wood Ex 7:19 (P; ‖ אֲבָנִים), 1 Ch 29:2; so עֲצֵי בְרוֹשִׁים 2 S 6:5 (but v. בְּרוֹשׁ ad fin.); specif. הָעֵץ = helve of axe Dt 19:5; עֵץ חֲנִית(וֹ) 1 S 17:7 Qr (Kt חֵץ) = 1 Ch 20:5; 2 S 21:19; 23:7; עֲצֵי הָעֲגָלָה 1 S 6:14 (i.e. wood of which cart was made), עֲצֵי הָאֲשֵׁרָה Ju 6:26; especially timbers of a house Zc 5:4; Hb 2:11; Lv 14:45, of a city 1 K 15:22 = 2 Ch 16:5; Ez 26:12; עֵץ of pole on which bodies of slain (criminals and others) were exposed (perhaps orig. tree) Gn 40:19 (E), Jos 8:29(×2); 10:26(×2), 27 (all JE), Dt 21:22, 23; late (in Pers.) used for executing criminals (? by hanging = gallows), תָּלָה עַל־עֵץ Est 2:23 + 8 times Est. †c. of idols, עֵץ וָאֶבֶן Dt 4:28; 28:36, 64; 29:16; 2 K 19:18 = Is 37:19; Ez 20:32, cf. Je 2:27; 3:9; Hb 2:19; so עֵץ alone Ho 4:12; Is 40:20, cf. 44:19; 45:20; אֲשֵׁרָה כָּל־עֵץ Dt 16:21. d. (fire-)wood Jos 9:23, 27 (J), v 21 (P), Dt 19:5; Is 30:33 +, read עֵצִים also Ez 24:5 (for MT עצמים Bö Ew Sm Co Berthol Toy; especially for sacrifices 1 K 18:23(×2) +, Gn 22:7, 9(×2) Lv 1:7 + 6 times Lv (all P), 2 S 24:22 ‖ 1 Ch 21:23, +; עֲצֵי עוֹלָה Gn 22:3, 6 (P). e. עֵץ (הָ)אֶרֶז cedar-wood, used in purifications Lv 14:4, 6, 49, 51, 52; Nu 19:6 (all P). f. פִּשְׁתֵּי הָעֵץ Jos 2:6 woody-flax, i.e. flax on the stalk.—Je 10:8 Gie proposes הֶבֶל מֹעֲצֹתָו for MT הֲבָלִים עֵץ הוּא.—מֹאֶסֶת כָּל־עֵץ Ez 21:15 is dub., Sm proposes מָאַסְתָּ כָל־עֵץ, Co מֹאֲסֵי כָל־עֹוֹ, Berthol וּמְאַסֵּף כָּל־עַז; SiegfKau Toy leave untranslated.
† כָּרַת291 vb. cut off, cut down (NH id.; Assyrian karâtu, ii. hew off Dl HWB 357);— Qal Pf. כ׳ Gn 15:18 + 19 times; 2 ms. כָּרָ֑תָּ Dt 20:20; 1 s. כָּרַתִּי Ex 34:27 + 15 times; + 8 times Pf.; Impf. יִכְרֹת Jb 40:28 + 21 times; 2 ms. תִּכְרָת־ Is 57:8; 1 s. אֶכְרוֹת Is 61:8; 1 S 11:2; אֶכְרְתָה Is 55:3; 3 mpl. יִכְרֹ֑תוּ Ho 12:2 ψ 83:6; 1 pl. נִכְרְתָה Gn 26:28; 31:44; sf. נִכְרְתֶנּוּ Je 11:19; + 31 times Impf.; Imv. כְּרָת־ 1 S 11:1; כָּרְתָה 2 S 3:12; + 4 times Imv.; Inf. abs. כָּרֹת Ho 10:4; כָּרוֹת Ne 9:8; cstr. כְּרֹת Je 34:8 + 2 times; כְּרָת־ Is 44:14 + 2 times; כְּרוֹת 2 Ch 2:7; 29:10; sf. כָּרְתִי 1 S 24:12; Pt. act. כֹּרֵת Ex 34:10 + 3 times; + 3 times Pt. act.; pass. כָּרוּת Lv 22:24; cstr. כְּרוּת Dt 23:2; pl. כְּרֻת[וֹ]ת 1 K 7:12 + 3 times;— 1. cut off: a. things: c. acc. foreskin Ex 4:25 (J); privy member Lv 22:24 (H) Dt 23:2; cluster of grapes Nu 13:23, 24 (E); bough of tree Ju 9:48, 49; skirt 1 S 24:5, 6, 12; head of man 1 S 17:51; 31:9 2 S 20:22; garments 2 S 10:4 = 1 Ch 19:4; palms of hands 1 S 5:4; sprigs Is 18:5. b. persons, c. acc. pers. מִן loc. Je 11:19; 50:16. 2. cut down, c. acc. trees Dt 19:5; 20:19, 20; 2 K 19:23 = Is 37:24; Is 44:14 Je 6:6; 10:3; 22:7; 46:23 Ez 31:12; asherim Ex 34:13 (J) Ju 6:25, 26, 30; 1 K 15:13 = 2 Ch 15:16; 2 K 18:4; 23:14. 3. hew, timber 1 K 5:20(×2) = 2 Ch 2:7, 15, Is 14:8; כֹּרְתֵי הָעֵצִים hewers of timber 2 Ch 2:9; כְּרֻת(וֹ)ת hewn beams 1 K 6:36; 7:2, 12. 4. כ׳ בְּרִית cut, or make a covenant (because of the cutting up and distribution of the flesh of the victim for eating in the sacrifice of the covenants, see בְּרִית); הָעֵגֶל אֲשֶׁר כ׳ the calf which they cut Je 34:18 (referring to Gn 15:10); עֲלֵי־זֶבַח ψ 50:5; abs. Gn 21:27, 32; 31:44 (E) 1 S 18:3; 1 K 5:26; Ho 10:4; c. אֶת with Gn 15:18; Ex 34:27; Dt 31:16 (J) Dt 5:3 28:69(×2); 29:13 2 S 3:12, 13, 21; 2 K 17:15, 35, 38; Is 28:15; Je 11:10; 31:31, 32, 33; 34:8, 13; Ez 17:13; Zc 11:10 ψ 105:9 = 1 Ch 16:16; c. עִם Gn 26:28 (J) Ex 24:8 (E) Dt 4:23; 5:2; 9:9; 29:11, 24; 1 K 8:21 = 2 Ch 6:11; 2 Ch 23:3 Ne 9:8; Ho 2:20; 12:2; Jb 40:28; בְּ׳ omitted 1 S 20:16; 22:8; 1 K 8:9 = 2 Ch 5:10; c. לְ Ex 23:32; 34:12, 15; Jos 9:6, 7, 11, 15, 16; 24:25 (JE) Dt 7:2; Ju 2:2; 1 S 11:1; 2 S 5:3; 1 K 20:34 2 K 11:4; 1 Ch 11:3; 2 Ch 21:7; 29:10; Ezr 10:3; Is 55:3; 61:8; Je 32:40; 34:18; Ez 34:25; 37:26; Jb 31:1 ψ 89:4; בְּ׳ omitted 1 S 11:2; 2 Ch 7:18; נֶגֶד Ex 34:10 (J); לִפְנֵי 1 S 23:18; 2 K 23:3 = 2 Ch 34:31 Je 34:15; בֵּין וּבֵין 2 K 11:17; 2 Ch 23:16; c. עַל against, ψ 83:6; אֲמָנָה is used for ברית Ne 10:1; and דָּבָר Hg 2:5. Note. —וַתִּכְרָת־לָךְ מֵהֶם Is 57:8 is usually rendered as RV made for thee a covenant with them, with ellipsis of בּ׳ as above. But מִן is not used in such a construction. The clause is commonly regarded as corrupt by recent critics. Gr emends עִמָּהֶם for מֵהֶם, this is easiest and gives the usual construction; Du, followed by Buhl, reads וַתִּכְרִי after Ho 3:2. Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נכרת Jo 1:5 + 5 times; נִכְרָ֑ת Jo 1:16 + 2 times; 3 fs. נִכְרְתָה Gn 17:14 + 16 times; נִכְרָ֑תָה ψ 37:38; 2 ms. נִכְרַתָּ Ob 10; + 8 times Pf.; Impf. יִכָּרֵת Gn 9:11 + 21 times; יִכָּֽרֶת־ Ob 9; 3 mpl. יִכָּֽרְתוּ Zc 13:8; יִכָּרֵת֑וּן Jos 3:13 ψ 37:9; + 9 times Impf.; Inf. הִכָּרֵת Nu 15:31 ψ 37:34.— 1. be cut off: a. of things, froward tongue Pr 10:31; burden from a nail Is 22:25; chariots Zc 9:10; dwelling Zp 3:7. b. of persons, the people of the land by a famine (בְּ) Gn 41:36 (E); all flesh by waters of deluge (מִמֵּי) Gn 9:11 (P); the anointed Dn 9:26; enemies Is 11:13; Mi 5:8; the wicked Is 29:20; Ho 8:4; Na 2:1 ψ 37:9, 22, 28, 34, 38; Pr 2:22; others Ob 9, 10 Zp 1:11; Zc 13:8; 14:2. c. in the technical phrases of H and P וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ ההיא that person shall be cut off (by death penalty) מֵעַמֶּיהָ Gn 17:14 Lv 7:20, 21, 25, 27; Nu 9:13; Lv 19:8; מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל Ex 12:15; Nu 19:13; מֵעֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל Ex 12:19; מִקֶּרֶב עַמֶּיהָ Ex 31:14; Nu 15:30 (עַמָּהּ); מִלְּפָנַי Lv 22:3; מִתּוֹךְ הַקָּהָל Nu 19:20; similarly with variation of subject Ex 30:33, 38; Lv 17:4, 9; 18:29; 20:18; 23:29, and with omission of word with מִן Lv 17:14; 20:17; Nu 15:31(×2). 2. be cut down, a tree Jb 14:7. 3. be chewed between the teeth Nu 11:33 (J). 4. be cut off, in a more general sense, fail: of waters Jos 3:13, 16 (JE) 4:7(×2) (D); new wine Jo 1:5; meat v 16; hope Pr 23:18; 24:14; a name Is 48:19; 56:5; Ru 4:10; a sign Is 55:13; faithfulness Je 7:28; לֹא יִכָּרֵת לְ׳ אִישׁ there shall not fail thee a man 1 K 2:4; 8:25 = 2 Ch 6:16; 1 K 9:5 = 2 Ch 7:18; Je 33:17; 18; 35:19; לא יכרת מן there shall not fail of Jos 9:23 (J) 2 S 3:29. Pual Pf. כָּרַּת Ez 16:4; 3 fs. כֹּרָ֑תָה Ju 6:28;— 1. be cut off, navel string Ez 16:4. 2. be cut down, Asherah Ju 6:28. Hiph. Pf. הִכְרִית 1 S 28:9; 1 K 11:16; 3 fs. הִכְרִיתָה Lv 26:22; 1 s. הִכְרַתִּי Jos 23:4 + 32 times; + 4 times Pf.; Impf. יַכְרִית Dt 12:29 + 2 times; juss. יַכְרֵת ψ 12:4 + 4 times; 1 s. וָֽאַכְרִ��תָה 2 S 7:9; 1 pl. sf. וְנַכְרִיתֶנָּה Je 48:2; + 9 times Impf.; Inf. הַכְרִית Je 44:8 + 15 times; הַכְרִת 1 S 20:15; + sf. 2 times— 1. cut off, flattering lips ψ 12:4. 2. cut off, destroy the life of: a. animals c. acc., cattle Lv 26:22 (H); c. acc. and מִן frogs Ex 8:5 (J); horses Mi 5:9; Zc 9:10. b. of men abs. ψ 109:13, by men, c. acc. enemies Ju 4:24; 1 S 24:22; 1 K 11:16; 14:14; 18:4; 2 Ch 22:7; Is 10:7; Ez 17:17 Ob 14; c. acc. and מִן enemies Jos 11:21; Je 48:2; the wicked ψ 101:8; a clan Nu 4:18 (P); young men by death Je 9:20; people by the sword Na 3:15; necromancers 1 S 28:9; the name Jos 7:9. c. of men, by God c. acc. (הַ)גּוֹיִם Dt 19:1; Jos 23:4 (D) Zp 3:6; various persons and things Is 48:9; Je 44:11; 51:62 Ez 25:16; 30:15; Zc 9:6; c. acc. and מִן Ez 25:7 Am 1:5, 8; 2:3; מֵאֶרֶץ Na 2:14 ψ 34:17 = 109:15; מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל Is 9:13; מִיַּד Mi 5:11; מִפָּנֶיךָ Dt 12:29; 2 S 7:9 = 1 Ch 17:8; מֵעַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה 1 S 20:15; 1 K 9:7; Zp 1:3; מִקֶּרֶב עַמּוֹ Lv 17:10; 20:3, 5, 6 (H); מִתּוֹךְ עַמִּי Ez 14:8; Ez says also הכ׳ מִן … אָדָם וּבְהֵמָה 14:13, 17, 19, 21; 25:13; 29:8; צדיק ורשׁע 21:8, 9; עבר ושׁב 35:7; c. acc. and לְ, cut off, to, or from Is 14:22; Je 44:7, 8; 47:4; כ׳ לְ׳ מַשְׁתִּין בְּקִיר 1 K 14:10; 21:21; 2 K 9:8; כ׳ ל׳ מעם מזבח 1 S 2:33; יַכְרֵת י׳ לָאִישׁ מֵאָֽהֳלֵי יַעֲקֹב Mal 2:12 may Yahweh cut off to the man—from the tents of Jacob. 3. cut down, destroy, cities Mi 5:10, sun-pillars Lv 26:30 (H); and other things used in idolatry Na 1:14; Zp 1:4; מן הארץ Zc 13:2; מִקֶּרֶב Mi 5:12. 4. take away, חֶסֶד מֵעִם kindness from 1 S 20:15. 5. permit to perish, מֵהַבְּהֵמָה (some) of the cattle 1 K 18:5. Hoph. Pf. הָכְרַת מִנְחָה וָנֶסֶךְ מִבֵּית י׳ Jo 1:9.
עָבַד290 vb. work, serve (Old Aramaic עבד do, make, especially Nab. Palm. (often), Lzb331 f. Cook86, so 𝔗 עֲבַד, Syriac ܥܒܰܕ (very often); but also Old Aramaic Ph. עבד slave, vassal (and in many n.pr.), 𝔗 עַבְדָּא, Syriac ܥܰܒܕܳܐ id.; Assyrian abdu, id. (rare); NH עָבַד serve, perform acts of worship (c. acc. cogn.), and deriv.; Arabic عَبَدَ worship, obey (God); cf. WeSkizzen iii. 165; Heid. 141, ii. enslave; عَبْدٌ slave, worshipper; Sab. עבד id. DHMSudar. Alt. p. 18; GerberVerb. Denom.14 ff. thinks be slave, serve (Qal) and enslave (Hiph.) are denom., cf. also NöZMG xi (1886), 741);— Qal272 Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ Ez 29:18 +; sf. עֲבָדוֹ Mal 3:18 +; 3 mpl. עָֽבְדוּ Dt 7:4; עָבָ֑דוּ Nu 4:26, + 64 times Pf.; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲבֹד Gn 25:23 +; sf. יַעַבְדֵ֫נִי Ex 4:23; יַעַבְדֶ֫נּוּ ψ 22:31 2 K 10:18; 3 mpl. יַעַבְדוּ Dt 12:30 +; יַעֲבֹ֑דוּ Gn 15:14 (Dr§ 103) Jb 36:11; 2 mpl. תַּעַבְדוּן Ex 3:12, תַּעֲבֹד֑וּן Jos 24:15, + 99 times Impf.; (תָּעָבְדֵם, נָֽעָבְדֵם v. Hoph.); Imv. עֲבֹד 1 S 26:19; sf. עָבְדֵהוּ 1 Ch 28:9; עִבְדוּ Ex 5:18 + 15 times; עֲבֹ֑דוּ Ez 20:39; sf. עִבְדֻהוּ 1 S 7:3; Inf. cstr. עֲבֹד Mal 3:14 +; עֲבָד־ Je 34:9, 10; sf. עָבְדוֹ Je 27:6 +, etc.; Pt. עֹבֵד Gn 4:2 +; pl. עֹבְדִים Nu 18:21 +; cstr. עֹבְדֵי ψ 97:7 +; sf. עֹבְדָיו 2 K 10:19; עֹבְדֵיהֶם Zc 2:13;— †1. labour, work, do work: abs. Ex 20:9 = 34:21 = Dt 5:13 (4th word); Ex 5:18 (E) Ec 5:11; c. acc. rei, till the ground Gn 2:5; 3:23; 4:2, 12 (J), 2 S 9:10; Is 30:24; Je 27:11; Zc 13:5; Pr 12:11; 28:19; obj. om. Dt 15:19; Ez 48:19; vineyard Dt 28:39; garden Gn 2:15 (J); עֹבְדֵי פִשְׁתִּים Is 19:9 workers in flax; עֹבְדֵ(י) הָעִיר Ez 48:18, 19 labourers of the city; ע׳ עֲבֹדָתוֹ Is 28:21 work his work (only here of God, ‖ עשׂה מַעֲשֵׂהוּ); ע׳ עבדה על Ez 29:18 serve a military service against. †2. work for another, serve him by labour: abs. Ex 21:2 (E); c. acc. pers. Gn 29:15; 31:6; Ex 21:6 (E) Dt 15:12, 18; Mal 3:17; Je 34:14, king his people 1 K 12:7; subj. animals Je 27:6; Jb 39:9; c. acc. pers. et rei Gn 30:26(×2), 29 (J); c. לְ pers. 2 S 16:19; עִם Gn 29:25, 30 (E) Lv 25:40 (P); עִמָּדִי Gn 29:27 (E); לִפְנֵי 2 S 16:19(×2); c. בְּ of price Gn 29:18, 20, 25; 31:41 (E) Ho 12:13; Ez 29:20; c. בְּ pers. work by means of another, use him as slave, Ex 1:14; Lv 25:39, 46 (P) Je 22:13; 30:8; 34:9, 10; cf. Dt 15:19. 3. serve as subjects: usually c. acc., their own rulers Ju 9:28(×2), 38 1 S 11:1; 1 K 5:1 +; other kings, by tribute ψ 18:44 = 2 S 22:44; Je 27:7; 28:14; 2 K 25:24 +, other nations 2 S 10:19; Je 40:9; Zc 2:13 +, kings other kings 2 K 18:7 +, c. לְ, 1 S 4:9(×2); †מַס עֹבֵד Gn 49:15 (J) Jos 16:10; 1 K 9:21 (see מַס); †c. בְּ pers., work with, i.e. use as subjects, impose tribute upon, Je 25:14; 27:7; Ez 34:27. 4. serve God: a. c. acc. י׳, Ex 3:12; 4:23; 7:16, 26 (JE), ψ 22:31; Jb 21:15; Mal 3:14 +; c. acc. pers. et rei Ex 10:26 (E); acc. pers. om., Je 2:20 (read אֶעֱבוֹד Kt), עבד זבח ומנחה Is 19:21 serve with peace-offering and grain-offering; עבד עֲבֹדָה Ex 13:5 (of מַצֹּת). b. other gods, c. acc. א׳ †Dt 7:16; 12:2, 30 †; אלהים אחרים 7:4; 8:19; 11:16; 13:7, 14; 17:3; 28:14, 36, 64; 29:25; 30:17; 31:20; Jos 23:16; 24:2, 16; Ju 2:19; 10:13; 1 S 8:8; 26:19; 1 K 9:6, 9; 2 K 17:35; 2 Ch 7:19, 22; Je 11:10; 13:10; 16:11, 13; 22:9; 25:6; 35:15 (all D and Je); אֱלֹהֵי הַגּוֹיִם Dt 29:17; זָרִים Je 5:19; ��כל צבא השׁמים Dt 4:19; 2 K 21:3; 2 Ch 33:3; Je 8:2; †הבעל(ים) Ju 2:11; 3:7; 10:6, 10; 1 S 12:10; 1 K 16:31; 22:54; 2 K 10:18(×2), 19(×2), 21, 22, 23(×2); 17:16; †אלהי נֵכָר Jos 24:20; Je 5:19; †(הַ)גִּלּוּלִים 2 K 17:12; 21:21(×2) Ez 20:39; †האשׁרים 2 Ch 24:18; עצבים ψ 106:36; †פסיל(ים) 2 Ch 33:22; 2 K 17:41; פסל ψ 97:7; c. לְ, †לבעל Ju 2:13; †לאלהים אחרים Je 44:3. 5. serve י׳ with Levitical service (all P; cf. RSSem i. 69): c. acc. עבד עֲבֹדָה (v. עֲבֹדָה) Nu 3:7, 8; 4:23, 30, 47; 7:5; 8:11, 19, 22, 26; 16:9; 18:6, 21, 23; Jos 22:27; acc. om. Nu 4:24, 26, 37, 41; 8:15 (but Sam 𝔊 עבדה), v 25 18:7. †Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נֶעְבָּ֑ד Ec 5:8; 2 mpl. נֶעֱבַדְתֶּם Ez 36:9; Impf. 3 ms. יֵעָבֵד Dt 21:4; 3 fs. תֵּעָבֵד Ez 36:34;— 1. be tilled, of land Dt 21:4; Ez 36:9, 34. 2. Ec 5:8 מֶלָךְ לְשָׂדֶה נֶעְבָּ֑ד dub.: a king for (devoted to) the cultivated field (Hi); a king that maketh himself servant to the field (devoted to agriculture), De: v. Comm., especially De. †Pual Pf. 3 ms. עֻבַּד Dt 21:3; Is 14:3; pass. of Qal, c. בְּ: impers. Dt 21:3 of a calf with which it has not been worked; hard service with which it was worked with captives Is 14:3. †Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֶעֱבִיד Ez 29:18; 2 ms. sf. הֶעֱבַדְתַּ֫נִי Is 43:24, הֶעֱבַדְתִּיךָ v 23, וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ Je 17:4 Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּעֲבֵד 2 Ch 34:33; 3 mpl. יַעֲבִדוּ Ex 1:13; Inf. cstr. הַעֲבִיד 2 Ch 2:17; Pt. pl. מַעֲבִדִים Ex 6:5;— 1. compel to labour as slaves Ex 1:13; 6:5 (P) 2 Ch 2:17, + Gn 47:21 (reading הֶעֱבִיד לַעֲבָדִים), 2 S 12:31 (reading וְהֶעֱבִיד, + בְּ at; on both these v. עבר Hiph. ad fin.); cause to serve, of army’s service against, c. acc. + (על)אל Ez 29:18; cause to labour, weary, c. בְּ of means Is 43:23, 24 (perhaps play on meanings2, 3). 2. make to serve as subjects, c. 2 acc. Je 17:4, + Je 15:14 (read וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ, v. עבר Hiph. ad fin.). 3. cause to serve God 2 Ch 34:33. Hoph. Impf. 2 ms. sf. תָּֽעָבְדֵם Ex 20:5 = Dt 5:9; Ex 23:24; 1 pl. sf. נָֽעָבְדֵם Dt 13:3 (Köi. 259 Sta§ 549 g Thes; Marg. 12 f. Qal anom. pointed (cf. WAG. ed. 2, i. 62 n. Fl Kl. Schr. i. 98); Ges§ 60, R. 1 Dr Qal falsely pointed as Hoph.);—be led or enticed to serve other gods Ex 20:5 = Dt 5:9; Ex 23:24; Dt 13:3.
† חָטָא238 vb. miss (a goal or way), go wrong, sin (NH id.; Aramaic חֲטָא, ܚܛܳܐ; Assyrian ḫaṭû, ZimBP 46; Sab. חֿטא, החֿטא, id., DHM in MV; Arabic خَطِىَٔ do wrong, commit a mistake or an error; ii. make to miss the mark; iv. miss the mark, miss the way; Ethiopic ኀጥአ fail to find or have; sometimes sin, especially in deriv.)— Qal Pf. ח׳ Ex 32:31 + 29 times, 3 fs. חָֽטְאָה Lv 5:15 La 1:8, חָטָ֑אָה Je 50:14 Ez 16:15, חָטָאת Ex 5:16, etc., + 82 times Pf.; Impf. יֶחֱטָא Lv 4:3 + 12 times, תֶּחֱטָ֫אוּ Ex 20:20 ψ 4:5, etc. + 20 times Impf.; Inf. חֲטֹא Ez 3:21 + 8 times, מֵחֲטוֹא ψ 39:2, מֵחֲטוֹ (textual error for מחטא) Gn 20:6, בְּחֶטְאָה Nu 15:28, חֲטֹאתוֹ Ez 33:12 (del. Co); Pt. חוֹטֵא Pr 13:22 + 6 times, חֹטֵא Is 1:4 Ec 9:2, חוֹטֶא Is 65:20 + 2 times, חֹטֶא Ec 8:12, sf. חֹטְאִי Pr 8:36, pl. חֹטִ֯אֿים 1 S 14:33, sf. חֹטֵאת Ez 18:4, 20;— 1. miss: לא תחטא thou shalt not miss anything Jb 5:24, אָץ בְּרַגְלַיִם חוֹטֵא Pr 19:2 one hastening with his feet misseth (the way or the goal); חֹטְאִי חֹמֵס נַפְשׁוֹ Pr 8:36 the one missing me (Wisdom) is one wronging himself (opp. מֹצְאִי); miss, i.e. endanger, one’s life Pr 20:2 Hb 2:10 according to De VB (others sub 3 q.v.) 2. sin, miss the goal or path of right and duty: a. against man, abs. Ex 5:16 (E), 1 S 26:21 2 S 19:21 1 K 18:9 2 K 18:14; with לְ of the person against whom or towards whom one sins, Gn 40:1 (E), Ju 11:27 1 S 2:25; 19:4; 24:12, 1 K 8:31 = 2 Ch 6:22; מה חטאתי לך wherein have I sinned against thee? Gn 20:9 (E) Je 37:18; with בְּ, אל תחטאו בילד Gn 42:22 (E) do not sin against the lad, against David 1 S 19:4, 5. b. elsewhere always against God, abs. Ex 20:20 (E), 9:34 (J) Jos 7:11 (D) Lv 4:3; 5:1, 11, 17, 21, 23 Nu 16:22 (P), Ne 6:13 Jb 1:5, 22; 7:20; 10:14; 24:19; 35:6 ψ 4:5; 78:32 Is 43:27; 64:4 Je 2:35 La 5:7 Ez 3:21(×2); 16:51; 28:16; 33:12 Ho 8:11 (del. We Kl. Proph.), v 11 10:9; 13:2; לא נתתי לחטא חכי I have not permitted my palate to sin Jb 31:30; Pt. חֹטֵא, used as adj., sinful nation Is 1:4, sinful person Ez 18:4, 20; but usually as noun, sinner Pr 11:31; 13:22; 14:21 Ec 2:26; 7:26; 8:12; 9:2, 18 Is 65:20. Sin is confessed: חָטָאנוּ we have sinned Nu 14:40; 21:7 (E) Ju 10:15 1 S 12:10, 1 K 8:47 = 2 Ch 6:37, Ne 1:6 ψ 106:6 La 5:16 Dn 9:5, 15; חטאתי I have sinned Ex 9:27 Nu 22:34 (J) 1 S 15:24, 30 2 S 24:10, 17 1 Ch 21:8, 17 Jb 33:27. Sin is universal: אין אדם אשׁר לא יחטא there is no man who sinneth not 1 K 8:46 = 2 Ch 6:36, כי אדם אין צדיק בארץ אשׁר יעשׂה טוב ולא יחטא Ec 7:20 for man there is none righteous in the earth who doeth good and sinneth not; with לְ, against God Gn 20:6 (E), 39:9 (J), Ex 32:33 Nu 32:33 (both JE), Dt 9:16; 20:18 1 S 2:25; 12:23; 14:33, 34, 1 K 8:33, 35, 46, 50 = 2 Ch 6:24, 26, 36, 39, 2 K 17:7 Ho 4:7 Mi 7:9 Zp 1:17 Je 40:3; 44:23; 50:7, 14 Ez 14:13 Is 42:24 Jb 8:4 ψ 78:17; 119:11 Ne 1:6; in confession חטאתי ל Ex 10:16 Jos 7:20 (J), 2 S 12:13 ψ 41:5; 51:6; חטאנו ל Dt 1:41 Ju 10:10 1 S 7:6 Je 3:25; 8:14; 14:7, 20 Dn 9:8, 11; with בְּ of instr., lips Jb 2:10, tongue ψ 39:2; wherein Ez 37:23 Lv 4:23 (P), therein Lv 5:22 (P); ellipsis of בְּ in phrase עונם אשׁר ח׳ לי (their) iniquity wherein they sinned against me Je 33:8(×2); בשׁגגה by error, unwittingly Lv 4:2, 22, 27; 5:15 Nu 15:27, 28 (all P); against thy judgments Ne 9:29; with עַל, with regard to Lv 5:5 Nu 6:11 (P) Ne 13:26; with cognate acc. ח׳ חֲטָאָה Ex 32:30, 31 (JE); חַטָּאת אשׁר ח׳ Nu 12:11 (J) Lv 4:3, 28(×2), 35; 5:6, 10, 13 (all P) 19:22(×2) (H), Dt 9:18 1 K 14:16, 22; 15:30; 16:13, 19 2 K 21:17 Ez 18:24; 33:16; חטאת אשׁר ח׳ ל Je 16:10 Ne 1:6; חטאת אשׁר ח׳ על Lv 4:14 (P); חֵטְא ח׳ La 1:8; חֵטְא אשׁר ח׳ Dt 19:15. 3. incur guilt, penalty by sin, forfeit: וחטאתי לך כל הימים Gn 43:9 I shall incur the blame of sinning against thee all my days, cf. 44:32 (J); c. acc. חוֹטֵא נפשׁ for feiting one-self, one’s life Pr 20:2 Hb 2:10 according to most, yet v. sub 1.—והביא אשׁמו אשׁר ח׳ Lv 5:7, he shall bring his trespass-offering which he has incurred by sin; קרבנו אשׁר ח׳ Lv 5:11; את אשׁר ח׳ מן־הקדשׁ ישׁלּם v 16 what he hath incurred by taking of the holy thing he shall pay. Pi. Pf. חִטֵּא Lv 14:52; sf. חִטְּאוֹ Nu 19:19, חִטֵּאתָ Ex 29:36 + 2 times; 3 pl. חִטְּאוּ Ez 43:22(×2); Impf. וַיְחַטֵּא Lv 8:15; sf. וַיְחַטְּאֵהוּ Lv 9:15, תְּחַטְּאֵנִי ψ 51:9, אֲחַטֶּנָּה Gn 31:39, וַיְחַטְּאוּ 2 Ch 29:24; Inf. חַטֵּא Lv 14:49 Ez 43:23; Pt. הַמְחַטֵּא Lv 6:19;— 1. bear loss: אָנֹכִי אֲחַטֶּנָּה I bare the loss of it Gn 31:39 (E; lit. I counted it missing? poss. read אֲחֻטּנה I was made to miss it?). 2. make a sin-offering: c. sf. referring to שׂעיר Lv 9:15 (P); to sin-offering Lv 6:19 (P); על המזבח upon the altar Ex 29:36 (P; not cleanse the altar RV); ח׳ את דמם המזבחה 2 Ch 29:24 made a sin-offering with their blood on the altar. 3. purify from sin: the altar, by putting the blood of the sin-offering on its horns, Lv 8:15 (P), Ez 43:20, 22(×2), 23; the sanctuary, by applying to it the blood of the sin-offering Ez 45:18. 4. purify from uncleanness: the house of the leper by application of the mixture of living water and blood of the bird Lv 14:49, 52 (P); a person, by application of the mixture of living water and ashes of the red heifer Nu 19:19 (P), by sprinkling with a hyssop sprig ψ 51:9. Hiph. Pf. הֶחֱטִיא 1 K 14:16 + 17 times, הֶחֶטִי֯ (Kt error for החטִיא) 2 K 13:6; sf. הֶחֱטִיאָם 2 K 17:21; pl. הֶחֱטִיאוּ 1 K 16:13 Ne 13:26; Impf. יַחֲטִא Ju 20:16 2 K 21:11; תַּחֲטִיא Dt 24:4; וַתַּחֲטִא 1 K 16:2; 21:22; pl. יַחֲטִיאוּ Ex 23:33; Inf. הַחֲטִיא Ec 5:5 1 K 16:19 Je 32:35 (Qr), הַחֲ֯טִי Je 32:35 (Kt error); Pt. pl. cstr. מַחֲטִיאֵי Is 29:21;— 1. miss the mark: קֹלֵעַ בָּאֶבֶן אֶל־הַשַּׂעְרָה וְלֹא יַחֲטִא Ju 20:16 slinging with stones at an hair and would not miss. 2. induce or cause to sin: with acc. Ex 23:33 (JE), Ne 13:26; elsewhere in the phrase החטיא את ישׂראל (he) caused Israel to sin 1 K 14:16; 15:26, 30, 34; 16:2, 13, 19, 26; 21:22; 22:53; 2 K 3:3; 10:29, 31; 13:2, 6, 11; 14:24; 15:9, 18, 24, 28; 23:15; c. sf. ref. to Isr. 2 K 17:21; את יהודה 2 K 21:11, 16 Je 32:35 (sometimes c. 2nd acc.—חטאת, or אשׁר ref. to חטאת:—1 K 15:26, 34; 16:26 2 K 17:21; 21:16; prob. also 1 K 14:16; 15:30; 16:13; no 2nd acc. 1 K 16:2, 19; 21:22; 22:53 2 K 21:11; 23:15 Je 32:35; the rest are ambiguous). 3. bring into guilt, condemnation, punishment: מחטיאי אדם Is 29:21 who bring a man into condemnation; לא תחטיא את הארץ Dt 24:4 thou shalt not bring the land into guilt; אל תתן את־פיך לחטיא את־בשׂרך Ec 5:5 do not permit thy mouth to bring thy flesh into punishment. Hithp. Impf. יִתְחַטָּא Nu 19:12 + 4 times, יִתְחַטְּאוּ Nu 8:21, יִתְחַטָּ֑אוּ Jb 41:17, תִּתְחַטְּאוּ Nu 31:19, תִּתְחַטָּ֑אוּ Nu 31:20;— 1. miss oneself, lose oneself, fig. for be bewildered, beside oneself, מִשְּׁבָרִים יִתְחַטָּאוּ Jb 41:17 by reason of consternation they are beside themselves (‖ יגורו are afraid). 2. purify oneself from uncleanness, only in P: a. Levites Nu 8:21. b. those in contact with the dead Nu 19:12, 13, 20; 31:19, 20; with בְּ, בְּמֵי נִדָּה Nu 31:23; by a mixture of ashes of the red heifer with fresh water Nu 19:12.
כָּתַב223 vb. write (NH id.; Ph. כתב; Aramaic כְּתַב, ܟܬܰܒ; Nab. כתב, v. especially Nö in EutNab. p. 43; thence Arabic كَتَبَ, Ethiopic ክታብ: book, Di Lex. 852 (as loan-wds., Frä 249 DHM VOJ i (1887), 29); MV Buhl comp. Arabic كَتَبَ draw or sew together, conjoin (letters), etc., cf. Fl ZMG 1873, 427)— Qal Pf. כ׳ Jos 8:32 +, כָּתַבְתָּ Je 36:6 +, sf. וּכְתַבְתָּם consec. Dt 6:9; 11:20, etc. (Pf. 27 times); Impf. יִכְתֹּב Is 44:5, וַיִּכְתֹּב Ex 24:4 +, etc. (Impf. 39 times); Imv. כְּתֹב Is 8:1 + 5 times, כְּתָב־ Ex 34:27 + 2 times; sf. כָּתְבָהּ Is 30:8, כָּתְבֵם Pr 3:3; 7:3; pl. כִּתְבוּ Dt 31:9 + 3 times; Inf. abs. כָּתוֹב Je 32:44; cstr. כְּתוֹב ψ 87:6, לִכְתֹּב Dt 31:24 Jos 18:8; sf. כָּתְבוֹ Je 45:1; Pt. act. כֹּתֵב Je 36:18, pl. כֹּתְבִים Je 32:12 Ne 10:1; pass. (113 times), כָּתוּב Jos 1:8 +, f. כְּתוּבָה 2 S 1:18 +, pl. כְּתוּבִים 1 K 15:7 +, כְּתֻבִים 1 K 11:41 +; fpl. כְּתוּבוֹת 2 Ch 34:24;— 1. write: a. c. acc., words Ex 34:27, commandments 24:12, etc., acc. cogn. מכתב Ex 39:30, cf. כַּמִּכְתָּב Dt 10:4; with כְּ, giving purport of writing, also Est 8:8; but obj. also a book, סֵפֶר Ex 32:32 Dt 24:1; מְגִלָּה Je 38:6, cf. pt. pass., וְהִיא כְּתוּבָה פָּנִים וְאָחוֹר Ez 2:10 (of מגלה; i.e. written on both sides); a letter, סֵפֶר 2 S 11:14 2 K 10:1 + 4 times, אִגֶּרֶת 2 Ch 30:1; a divorce-certificate סֵפֶר כְּרִיתֻת Dt 24:1, etc.; even לֻחֹת כְּתֻבִים tablets inscribed by the finger of God Ex 31:18 cf. Dt 9:10; ל׳ כ׳ מִשְּׁנֵי עֶבְרֵיהֶם Ex 32:15 tables inscribed on both sides (cf. Ez 2:10 supr.) Here belongs (prob.) וְזֶה יִכְתֹּב יָדוֹ לי׳ Is 44:5 and this one shall inscribe his hand, ‘Yahweh’s,’ so 𝔊 Hi Kn Che Br Du Di, > Ges Ew De, shall sign (with) his hand unto י׳. b. more often write something on, or in (עַל־ 85 times, בְ 44 times, אֶל־ 3 times) a tablet, roll, book, etc. (obj. various, as above):—(1) כ׳ עַל־ sq. סֵפֶר = book Dt 17:18 + 55 times, especially in phr. כתובים על־ספר דברי וגו׳ 1 K 11:41 + often K Ch; כ׳ עַל־מְגִלָּה Je 36:2, 28, 32; 36:29; כ׳ עַל־לוּח(ות) Ex 34:1 + 7 times, עַל־אֶבֶן Dt 27:3 + 2 times, עַל־גִּלָּיוֹן Is 8:1; עַל־מְזֻזוֹת בַּיִת Dt 6:9; 11:20; עַל־מַטֶּה on a rod Nu 17:17, 18; עַל־עֵץ Ez 37:16(×2), עַל־צִיץ (high priest’s plate) Ex 39:30; even (only Ch) עַל־ sq. name of book or its contents:—כ׳ עַל־דִּבְרֵי נָתָן 2 Ch 9:29 cf. 33:19; עַל־מִדְרַשׁ וגו׳ 24:27; עַל־הַקִּינוֹת 35:25; fig., כ׳ עַל־לִבָּם Je 31:33 I will write them upon their heart; cf. כ׳ עַל־לוּחַ לִכֶּ֑ךָ Pr 3:3. (2) כ׳ אֶל־ appears for כ׳ עַל־ only Je 36:2 cf. Ez 2:10, Je 51:60. (3) כ׳ בְּ sq. ספר = book Jos 24:26 (E) + 35 times; = letter, bill, deed, 1 K 21:9 + 5 times; בִּמְגִלַּת סֵפֶר כָּתוּב עָלָ֑י ψ 40:8 it is prescribed to me, על as 2 K 22:13 (N. B. כ׳ על־ not used with סֵפֶר = letter, and כ׳ בְּ not used with לוּחַ, אבן or עֵץ). c. other uses of prep. with כ׳ are:—בְּ instr., כ׳ בְּחֶרֶט אֱנוֹשׁ Is 8:1, כ׳ בְּעֵט בַּרְזֶל Je 17:1; כְּתֻבִים בְּאֶצְבַּע אֱלֹהִים Dt 9:10 Ex 31:18; כ׳ אֶל־ unto, of person to whom letter, etc., is addressed 2 S 11:14 2 K 10:6 Est 9:23; עַל־ subst. for אֶל־ (late) 2 Ch 30:1 Ezr 4:7 Est 8:8; the fuller construction is (אֶל־) כ׳ ספר וישׁלח 2 K 10:1 Est 8:10; 9:20 +; כ׳ אֶל־ write down for the benefit or use of some one, Ju 8:14; לְ to or for, Dt 17:18; 24:1 +; note especially אֶכְתָּו֯ב־לוֹ רֻבֵּו֯ תּוֹרָתִי Ho 8:12, i.e. either, I write (keep writing) for them ever so many (We, רֹב, cf. رُبّ; Ew and most רִבּוֹ(א) a myriad) of my directions, or ‘Though I write,’ ‘Were I to write,’ etc.; כ׳ sq. ל c. inf. of purpose 2 Ch 32:17 Est 8:5; c. מִן in phr. כ׳ מִפִּי פ׳ write from the mouth of any one, i.e. from dictation, †Je 36:2, 32; 38:6, 17, 27; 45:1. 2. = write down, describe in writing, כ׳ אֶת־הָאָרֶץ Jos 18:4, 6, 8(×2), 9. 3. = register, enroll Is 10:19 (= record the number), 1 Ch 24:6; especially pass. הַכְּתוּבִים Nu 11:26 those enrolled cf. Ne 12:22; הַכּ׳ בְּשֵׁמוֹת 1 Ch 4:41 those recorded by name; in prediction, כ׳ אֶת־הָאִישׁ הַזֶּה עֲרִירִי Je 22:30 register this man as childless; with eschatol. reference, כַּל־הַכָּתוּב לַחַיִּים Is 4:3 all those enrolled (i.e. appointed) unto life; and, more explicitly, כָּל־הַנִּמְצָא כָּתוּב בַּסֵּפֶר Dn 12:1; י׳ יִסְפֹּר בִּכְתוֹב עַמִּים ψ 87:6 י׳ shall reckon, when he registers (note absence of suffix) the peoples, etc. 4. = decree, תִּכְתֹּב עָלַי מְרֹרוֹת Jb 13:26 thou (י׳) decreest against me bitter things. †Niph. (chiefly late, especially Est.), Impf. יִכָּתֵב Est 1:19 +, 3 fs. תִּכָּ֫תֶב זֹאת ψ 102:19; 3 mpl. יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ Je 17:13 + 3 times, יִכָּֽתְבוּן Jb 19:23; Pt. נִכְתָּב Est 3:12 + 2 times;— 1. be written, subj. words, Jb 19:23, book Mal 3:16; be written בְּסֵפֶר Est 2:23; 9:23, in, or among (ב) the laws Est 1:19; once, c. עַל־, עַל־סִפְרְךָ כֻּלָּם יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ ψ 139:16 in thy (י׳’s) book all of them (my members) are written, i.e. written down, recorded (v. infr.); abs. כְּתָב אֲשֶׁר נִכְתָּב בְּשֵׁם הַמֶּלֶךְ Est 8:8 a writing which is written in the king’s name, cf. (impers.) 3:12; impers. also וַיִּכָּתֵב כְּכָל־אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה Est 3:12; 8:9; יִכָּ׳ sq. לְ = for ψ 102:19; sq. לְ + inf. (really = a subject-cl.,—the contents of the letter) Est 3:9; 8:5. 2. be written down, recorded, Ezr 8:34; enrolled, בִּכְתָב בית ישׂראל לֹא יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ Ez 13:9 in the enrolment of the house of Israel they are not enrolled (eschatolog.); וְעִם־צַדִּיקִים אַל־יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ ψ 69:29 (‖ חַיִּים יִמָּחוּ מִסֵּפֶר).—בָּאָרֶץ יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ Je 17:13 is difficult; Gie reads, plausibly, מֵאֶרֶץ יִכָּרֵ֑תוּ (cf. ψ 34:17; 101:8, etc.) †Pi. frequent., Pf. and Pt., only כִּתֵּ֑בוּ וּמְכַתְּבִים עָמָל Is 10:1 and busy writers that make a business of writing oppression (i.e. register unjust sentences, cf. Qal 4; ‖ הַחֹקֲקִים חִקֲקֵי־אָוֶן).
II. בֶּ֫גֶד n.m. (except Lv 6:20 עָלֶיהָ, but Sam. עליו, Ez 42:14; Pr 6:27, cf. Köi, 482) garment, covering—Gn 28:2 + 36 times; sf. בִּגְדוֹ Ez 9:3 + (14 times without dag. lene GesLbg 94); pl. בְּגָדִים Lv 6:4 + 32 times; cstr. בִּגְדֵי Gn 27:15 + 39 times; sf. בְּגָדֶיךָ 1 K 22:20 + 81 times בִּגְדֹתֶיךָ ψ 45:9;— 1. garment, clothing, raiment, robe of any kind, from the filthy clothing of the leper to the holy robes of the high priest, the simplest covering of the poor as well as the costly raiment of the rich and noble, used throughout Heb. Lit.: Gn 24:53 (J), 28:20 (E; 14 times JE), Ex 28:2 + (P 90 times), Dt 24:17 Ju 8:26 + 4 times 1 S 19:13 + 10 times, 1 K 1:1 + 23 times, 2 Ch 18:9 + (Chr 9 times), Est 4:1, 4; Jb 13:28; 22:6; 37:17 ψ 22:19; 45:9; 102:27; 109:19; Pr 6:27; 20:16; 25:20; 27:13 Ec 9:8 Is 2; 24:16; 36:22; 37:1; Is 3; 50:9 + 10 times, Je 12:1 + 3 times, Ez 16:16 + 13 times, Jo 2:13; Am 2:8; Hg 2:12; Zc 3:3, 4, 5; 14:14; מְלֹא בִגְדוֹ his lap-ful 2 K 4:39. 2. covering, wrapping, of furniture of tabernacle Nu 4:6–13 (6 times); coverlet of a bed 1 S 19:13.
[נָצַל212] vb. not in Qal; Pi. strip, plunder; Niph. deliver oneself, be delivered; Hiph. snatch away, deliver (Ecclus Hiph. Pt. מצלת delivering 40:24b (Levi conj. יציל 40:24a); NH Hiph. = BH; Biblical Aramaic Haph. id.; Syriac ܢܨܰܠ pour out; Arabic نَصَلَ intrans. tincturam exuit emisitque barba, ex cuspide excidit sagitta, etc., Kam. Frey; Ethiopic iii. ተነጽለ evulsum vel abruptum excidere e suo loco, Di698);— †Niph. Pf. 1 pl. נִצַּלְנוּ Je 7:10; Impf. יִנָּצֵל Dt 23:16, + 1 s. אִנָּֽצְלָה ψ 69:15, + 8 times Impf.; Inf. הִנָּצֵל Is 20:6 + 3 times— 1. reflex. tear oneself away, deliver oneself: abs. Pr 6:3; Ez 14:16, 18; 2 K 19:11 = Is 37:11; c. מִיַּד Pr 6:5; מֵעִם … אֶל escape from—unto Dt 23:16. 2. passive, be torn out or away מִפִּי הָאֲרִי Am 3:12; be delivered, abs. Gn 32:31 Je 7:10 ψ 33:16 Mi 4:10; מִפְּנֵי Is 20:6; מִכַּף Hb 2:9; מִן ψ 69:15. †Pi. Pf. 2 mpl. נִצַּלְתֶּם Ex 3:22; Impf. יְנַצֵּל Ez 14:14 + 2 times;— 1. strip off, spoil, abs. 2 Ch 20:25; c. acc. pers. Ex 3:22; 12:36 (J). 2. deliver, c. acc. נַפְשָׁם Ez 14:14. Hiph.190 Pf. הִצִּיל Ex 12:27; 2 ms. הִצַּ֫לֳתָּ Ex 5:23 + 50 times Pf.; Impf. יַצִּיל 2 K 17:39; יַצֵּל Gn 31:9; + 63 times Impf.; Imv. הַצֵּל Pr 24:11; הַצִּ֫ילָה ψ 22:21; sf. הַצִּילֵנִי Gn 32:12 + 24 times Imv.; Inf. abs. הַצֵּל 2 K 18:30 + 4 times; cstr. הַצִּיל Gn 37:22 + 23 times Inf.; Pt. מַצִּיל Dt 32:39 + 16 times Pt.— †1. take away, snatch away, e.g. property Gn 31:9, 16 (E) Ho 2:11, prey from the mouth of animals 1 S 17:35; Am 3:12; Ez 34:10; words of י׳ from the mouth ψ 119:43; וְאֵין מַצִּיל בֵּינֵיהֶם 2 S 14:6 and there was none to tear them apart (two fighting); וְהִצִּיל עֵינֵנוּ 2 S 20:6 and take away our eye (elude our sight, Ges; Ew We after 𝔊 cast shadow over our eye, denom. from צֵל; Bö Th after 𝔖 tear away our eye, harm us irretrievably, v. Dr 1 S 26:2; HPS escape from us [מִמֶּנּוּ, as 𝔊L], cf. Bu [וְנִצַּל]). †2. rescue, recover, e.g. cities Ju 11:26; wives and property 1 S 30:8, 18, 22. 3. deliver from: a. enemies and troubles, abs. 1 S 12:21; Pr 19:19; Is 50:2; Je 39:17; †אֵין מַצִּיל Ju 18:28; Jb 5:4; 10:7 ψ 7:3; 50:22; 71:11; Is 5:29; 42:22; 43:13; Dn 8:4, 7 Ho 5:14; Mi 5:7; c. acc. Ex 18:8 (E) 5:23; 12:27 (J), Dt 23:15 + 39 times; †הַצִּיל נַפְשוֹ Is 44:20; 47:14; Ez 3:19, 21; 14:20; 33:19; c. מִן from Mi 5:6 + 25 times; מִיַּד from the hand or power of Gn 32:12; Ex 2:19 (J) + 57 times; מִתַּחַת יַד Ex 18:10 (E); †מִכַּף 2 S 14:16; 19:10; 22:1 = ψ 18:1, 2 K 20:6 = Is 38:6, 2 Ch 32:11 Ezr 8:31. †b. from death Pr 11:6; 12:6; מִמּוֹת Jos 2:13 (J), ψ 33:19; 56:14; Pr 10:2 = 11:4; מִשְּׁאוֹל ψ 86:13 Pr 23:14. †4. deliver from sin and guilt (in late writings), מִכָּל־פְּשָׁעַי ψ 39:9 from all my transgressions; מִדָּמִים ψ 51:16 from bloodguiltiness; הַצִּילֵנוּ וְכַפֵּר עַל־חַטֹּאתֵינוּ ψ 79:9 deliver us and cover over all our sins; prob. also כְּאִמְרָֽתְךָ הַצִּילֵנִי ψ 119:170. †Hoph. Pt. מֻצָּל;—כְּאוּד מֻצָּל מִשְּׂרֵפָה Am 4:11 as a brand plucked out of the burning; מֵאֵשׁ Zc 3:2 from the fire. †Hithp. וַיִּתְנַצְּלוּ אֶת־עֶדְיָם Ex 33:6 (E) and they stripped themselves of their ornaments.
שָׁכַב (LagBN 63)212 vb. lie down (NH = BH; שכב Ecclus 47:23 (in death), משכב bed 40:5; 47:20 d, = death bed 46:19; Ph. שכב, משכב (v. מ׳ 1 infr.), Lzb375; Ethiopic ሰከበ lie, so Aramaic שְׁכַב, ܫܟܶܒ; Nab. משכבא couch; Arabic سَكَبَ only pour out (water, tears), be poured out (cf. Hiph. infr., and LagBN 63));—Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Gn 26:10 +, etc.; Impf. יִשְׁכַּב Gn 30:15 +, 3 mpl. יִשְׁכְּבֻן 1 S 2:22, יִשְׁכָּב֑וּן Jos 2:8 Jb 30:17, etc.; Imv. ms. שְׁכַב 2 S 13:5 Ez 4:4, שִׁכְבָה Gn 39:7, 12, etc.; Inf. abs. שָׁכֹב Lv 15:24; cstr. שְׁכַב 1 K 1:21 +, sf. שָׁכְבוֹ Ru 3:4, שִׁכְבָהּ Gn 19:33, 35, שָׁכְבְּךָ Dt 6:7 + 2 times; Pt. שֹׁכֵב Gn 28:13 +, f. שֹׁכֶ֫בֶת Mi 7:5; Ru 3:8, etc.;— 1. lie down (sometimes opp. קוּם, הֵקִיץ): a. Ju 5:27 (prostrated by blow, + כָּרַע, נָפַל). b. to sleep, Gn 19:4 (J), 28:11 (E), 1 S 3:5; Dt 7:7; Pr 6:22 + often; read וַיִּשְׁכַּב) also (for וַיַּשְׁכֵּם 1 S 9:26 𝔊 Th We Dr and mod.; שׁ׳ + יָשֵׁן sleep 1 K 19:5 ψ 3:6; 4:9, cf. Pr 3:24(×2), + נִרְדָּם Jon 1:5; = be lying 1 S 3:2, 3; 26:5 (all בְּ loc.), v 7 4:5 (acc. cogn. noon-repose), 2 S 13:8, cf. שֹׁכֵב בְּלֶב־יָם Pr 23:34, of two lying (together, for warmth) Ec 4:11; + be sleeping 1 S 26:7; = keep lying, c. עַד Ju 16:3; 1 S 3:15; Ru 3:13; Pr 6:9; emphasis on resting, Lv 26:6 (H), Jb 11:18; token of mourning, וְשָׁכַב אָ֑רְצָה (וְלָן) 2 S 12:16, cf. 13:21, שׁ׳ בַּשָּׂק 1 K 21:27, שׁ׳ בֵּין שְׁפַתָּ֑יִם ψ 68:14 (of indolence?); fig. of prostration by disease 41:9 among foes 57:5; of humiliation Je 3:25; c. עַל rei: land Gn 28:13 (J), usually bed 2 S 13:5; 1 K 21:4; Lv 15:4, 24, 26, cf. v 20, for midday repose 2 S 4:7. c. lie on (עַל) one’s side Ez 4:4(×2), 6, 9 (symbol.). d. lie, עַל pers. 1 K 3:19 (fatally), 2 K 4:34 (to revive). e. lie בְּחֵיק, of lamb (i.e. be cherished) 2 S 12:3, of woman Mi 7:5 (intimacy), 1 K 1:2 (vital warmth); lie down for copulation Gn 19:33, 35 (of woman, v. 3 infr.; both opp. קוּם). 2. = lodge (for night), (שָׁ֫מָּה) שׁ׳ Jos 2:1 (E), 2 K 4:11, cf. 9:16 (yet perhaps = lie ill), Lv 14:47 (בְּ loc.). 3. of sexual relations, lie with: subj. man, c. עִם Gn 30:15, 16; 39:7, 12, 14 (J), Ex 22:15 (E), Dt 22:22 + 8 times Dt., 2 S 11:4, 11; 12:11, 24 Lv 15:33; c. אֶת fem. with (MT אֹתָהּ, etc., orig. אִתָּהּ, etc., v. Dr 2 S 13:14 and II. אֵת, p. 85a supra), Gn 26:10; 34:2, 7; 35:22 (all J), 1 S 2:22 (om. 𝔊 and mod.), 2 S 13:14; Ez 23:8 (fig.), Lv 15:24 (שָׁכֹב יִשְׁכַּב), Nu 5:19, also (c. acc. cogn. שִׁכְבַת־זֶרַע) v 13 Lv 15:18; 19:20; c. acc. (sf.) fem. Dt 28:30 Kt (v. [שָׁגֵל]); c. אֵצֶל fem. Gn 39:10 (J); c. אֵת vir. (sodomy), Lv 18:22; 20:13 (both H; c. acc. cogn. מִשְׁכְּבֵי אִשָּׁח); c. עִם־בְּהֵמָה Dt 27:21; Ex 22:18 (E); subj. woman, c. עִם vir. Gn 19:32, 34, 35 (J) 2 S 13:11; אֵת vir. Gn 19:33, 34 (cf. 1 e supra). 4. a. lie down in death, Is 14:8; 43:17 (opp. קוּם), Ez 31:18; 32:27, 28, 29, 30; Jb 14:12 (opp. קוּם, הֵקִיץ), שׁ׳ וְאֶשְׁקוֹט 3:13; be lying (dead) Is 51:20; La 2:21. b. especially in phr. שׁ׳ עִם אֲבוֹתָיו lie down with his fathers, of kings 1 K 1:21; 2:10 + 35 times K Ch, cf. Gn 47:30 (J), Dt 31:16, and (c. אֵת) 2 S 7:12. c. in grave, בְּבֵיתוֹ Is 14:18 (opp. מִקִּבְרְךָ), שֹׁכְבֵי קֶבֶר ψ 88:6; לֶעָפָר Jb 7:21, עַל־ע׳ 20:11; 21:26; in She’ôl Ez 32:21; in Gehenna (?) Is 50:11. 5. fig. = relax: Jb 30:17 my gnawing pains do not sleep; = have rest, לֹא שׁ׳ לִבּוֹ Ec 2:23. †Niph.Pu. = be lain with (sexually; subj. woman), only as Qr for Kt [שָׁגֵל] Niph.Pu. q.v. †Hiph. lay, Pf. 3 fs. הִשְׁכִּיבָה c. acc. puer. + בְּחֵיק 1 K 3:20, so Impf. 3 fs. sf. וַתַּשְׁכִּיבֵהוּ v 20, cf. (עַל־מִטָּה) 17:19 2 K 4:21; Inf. abs. הַשְׁכֵּב אוֹתָם אַ֫רְצָה 2 S 8:2 making them lie down on ground; Impf. also lay בַּמִּשְׁכָּב 2 Ch 16:14 (of burial); נִבְלֵי שָׁמַיִם מִי יַשְׁכִּיב Jb 38:37 i.e. tip them so that contents may flow out (cf. Arabic سَكَبَ supra). †Hoph. Pt. מֻשְׁכָּב 2 K 4:32 laid עַל־מִטָּה; Pf. consec. וְהֻשְׁכַּב Ez 32:32 shall be laid (in death), c. בְּתוֹךְ et אֵת pers. (with); so Imv. ms. הָשְׁכְּבָה v 19 (c. אֵת pers. only).
I. כָּלָה206 vb. be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, spent (NH id., Pi.; Ph. כלה; Assyrian kalû, put an end to, and cease, vanish Dl HWB 329; late Aramaic כְּלָא cease, perish (not 𝔗); on root-meaning enclose cf. כלא and Ba ZMG 1887, 605)— †Qal Pf. כ׳ 1 K 6:38 +; 3 fs. כָּֽלְתָה 1 S 20:7 +; 1 s. כָּלִיתִי ψ 39:11; 3 pl. כָּלוּ Jb 19:27 +; 2 mpl. כְּלִיתֶם Mal 3:6; וּכְלִיתֶם consec. Ez 13:14; 1 pl. כָּלִינוּ ψ 90:7, etc.; Impf. יִכְלֶה Pr 22:8; juss. יִ֫כֶל Jb 33:21 (v. Dr§ 171–173 Ges§ 109. 2 b Anm. Da Synt. § 51 R. 5; 64 R. 6); 3 fs. תִּכְלָה 1 K 17:14; וַתֵּ֫כֶל Ex 39:32 + 2 S 13:39 (v. infr.); 3 mpl. יִכְלוּ Is 1:28 +, יִכְלָי֑וּן Is 31:3, etc.; Inf. cstr. כְּלוֹת Ru 2:23 +, etc.;— 1. a. be complete, at an end, of a period of time Gn 41:53 (E; opp. iii. חלל Hiph. begin v 54), Je 8:20 (‖ עבר); so of action or event, with emphasis on time Is 10:25; 24:13; Ru 2:23; 2 Ch 29:28 (opp. הֵחֵל v 27), v 34 Dn 12:7 (‖ קֵץ v 6, 9);—vid. also 2 b infr. b. be completed, finished, of a work: temple 1 K 6:38 1 Ch 28:20; 2 Ch 8:16 (‖ שָׁלֵם), tabernacle Ex 39:32 (P). c. be accomplished, fulfilled, only of purposed wrath, or prediction of י׳, Ez 5:13 (‖ כַּלּוֹתִי v b see Pi.), Dn 11:36 2 Ch 36:22 = Ezr 1:1. d. be ideally complete, be determined, always in bad sense, plotted, subj. הָרָעָה: sq. מֵעִם of agent 1 S 20:7, also v 9 (+ לָבוֹא עַל), + v 33 (read כָּֽלְתָה, for MT כָּלָה הִיא, 𝔊 We Dr Kit Bu); כ׳ הָרָעָה אֶל־אֲדֹנֵינוּ וְעַל־כָּל־בֵּיתוֹ 25:17; sq. מֵאֵת of agent Est 7:7 (+ אֵלָיו). 2. a. be spent, used up (proposes come to an end), of water Gn 21:15 (E) meal 1 K 17:14, 16. b. waste away, be exhausted, fail, lit. of fading grass Is 15:6 (‖ יָבֵשׁ, לֹא היה), of vintage 32:10 (opp. בּוֹא), of vanishing cloud Jb 7:9 (in sim., ‖ הלך); fig. of fleeting days of life v 6 (‖ קלל), cf. ψ 102:4 and כָּלוּ בְיָגוֹן חַיַּי ψ 31:11, Je 20:18; v. also 1 a supr.; of flesh Jb 33:21, cf. of vital strength ψ 71:9, בָּשָׂר וּשְׁאֵר Pr 5:11, כ׳ שְׁאֵרִי וּלְבָבִי ψ 73:26, subj. רוּחִי 143:7; once of י׳’s compassion לֹא־כָלוּ רִחֲמָיו La 3:22 (‖ תמם, on text. see VB); especially of eyes exhausted by weeping La 2:11, strained by looking (fig.) for relief or refreshment, fail, languish 4:17 ψ 69:4; Jb 11:20; 17:5; Je 14:6 (of wild asses); sq. אֶל La 4:17; sq. לְ in spiritual sense ψ 119:82, 123; similarly (sq. לִ) of נפשׁ exhausted by longing ψ 84:3 (‖ נכסף), 119:81, כָּלוּ כִלְיֹתַי בְּחֵקִי Jb 19:27; so also 2 S 13:39 where read וַתֵּכֶל רוּחַ הַמֶּלֶךְ (for MT וַתְּכַל דָּוִד הַמּ׳) and the spirit of the king pined to go forth unto Absalom, cf. 𝔊L We Klo Dr Kit Bu. c. come to an end, vanish = perish, be destroyed, by י׳’s judgment Is 1:28 (‖ שֶׁבֶר), 16:4 (‖ אָפֵם, תָּמַם), 29:20 (‖ אָפֵם, נִכְרַת), 31:3 (‖ כשׁל, נפל), וּבַחֶרֶב וּבָרָעָב יִכְלוּ Je 16:4, cf. 44:27 (‖ תָּמַם), Ez 5:12 (‖ מוּת, נָפַל), 13:14 Mal 3:6 ψ 37:20(×2) (‖ אבד), Jb 4:9 (‖ id.), ψ 71:13 (‖ בּוֹשׁ); hyperbol., of severe discipline 39:11; 90:7 (‖ נבהל); of prosperity of a people Is 21:16; שֵׁבֶט עֶבְרָתוֹ יִכְלֶה Pr 22:8 the rod of his wrath perishes (> Ew al. is accomplished, of God’s wrath).—Dn 12:7 read perhaps וְכִכְלוֹת יַד נֹפֵץ עַם קֹדֶשׁ and when the power of the shatterer of the holy people should come to an end, so Bev after 𝔊 (for difficult MT וּכְכַלּוֹת נַפֵּץ יַד־עַם־קֹדֶשׁ)†. Pi.140 Pf. כִּלָּה Gn 18:33 +, כִּלָּא Pr 16:30 Baer (van d. H. כִּלָּה), sf. כִּלָּנוּ 2 S 21:5, כִּלָּם La 2:22; 3 fs. וְכִלְּתָה consec. Ho 11:6, sf. וְכִ֫לַּתּוּ consec. Zc 5:4; 1 s. כִּלִּיתִי Nu 25:11, כִּלֵּיתִי Is 49:4, וְכִלֵּיתִ֫י Ez 6:12 + 2 times; sf. כִּלִּיתִים Ez 22:31, וְכִלִּיתִיךָ consec. Ex 33:5; 3 pl. כִּלּוּ Gn 24:19 +, etc.; Impf. יְכַלֶּה Is 10:18; וַיְכַל Gn 2:2; 3 fs. וַתְּכַל Gn 24:19 + 2 S 13:39 (but read וַתֵּכֶל We Dr al., and v. Qal 2 b); 1 s. אֲכַלֶּה Gn 24:25 + 4 times; וָאֲכַל Ez 43:8; sf. אֲכֶלְךָ Ex 33:3 (Kö i 545); 3 mpl. יְכַלּוּ Jb 36:11 + 21:13 Qr (Kt יבלו; v. בלה p. 115 supr.), + etc.; Imv. כַּלֵּה ψ 59:14(×2) + 74:11 (but text dub., v. infr., 2); mpl. כַּלּוּ Ex 5:13; Inf. abs. כַּלֵּה 1 S 3:12 + 5 times; cstr. לְכַלֵּא Dn 9:24 (metapl. form), כַּלּוֹת 1 S 2:33 +, etc.; Pt. מְכַלֶּה Je 14:12; Jb 9:22; fpl. מְכַלּוֹת Lv 26:16;— 1. †a. complete, bring to an end, finish a thing, task, work, etc., c. acc. rei Ex 5:13, 14 (+ inf.; both J), 1 K 6:9, 14; 7:1; Ez 42:15, Gn 2:6; 6:16; Ex 40:33 (P), Ru 2:21; 2 Ch 31:1; 2 Ch 7:11; Ezr 9:1, so לְכַלֵּא הַפֶּשַׁע Dn 9:24 to make an end of the transgression (cf. VB Bev); Lv 23:22 (modified from 19:9 q.v. infr.); acc. om. 2 Ch 31:7 (opp. הֵחֵל לְ), 24:10, 14; Ne 3:34. †b. complete a period of time יָמִים Ez 4:6, 8; complete one’s days, enjoy the full measure of human life Jb 21:13; 36:11, or bring one’s years to an end ψ 90:9, with added idea of transitoriness. c. finish doing a thing, usually sq. ל inf. Gn 18:33; 24:15, 19(×2), 22 (all J), 17:22; Ex 31:18; Nu 4:15 (all P), Am 7:2 1 K 1:41; 2 Ch 29:29; Ru 3:3 + 31 times incl. 2 S 11:19, where obj. of infin. precedes it, v. Dr, so Lv 19:9 (cf. 23:22 supr.); + 1 Ch 27:24 (לְ inf. om.; opp. הֵחֵל לְ), 2 Ch 29:17; + Dn 12:7 (inf. without לְ; but see Qal 2 c ad fin.); sq. מִן inf., 1 S 10:13 2 S 6:18 = 1 Ch 16:2, Ex 34:33; Lv 16:20; Jos 19:51 (all P), Ez 43:23. †d. make an end, end, sq. בְּ make an end with, finish dealing with 2 Ch 20:23; Ezr 10:17; abs., opp. הֵחֵל, בַּגָּדוֹל הֵחֵל וּבַקָּטֹן כִּלָּה Gn 44:12 (J) he began with the eldest and with the youngest he ended; so inf. abs. adverb. הָחֵל וְכַלֵּה 1 S 3:12 a beginning and an ending, i.e. doing it thoroughly (v. Dr); also עַד־כַּלֵּה = utterly 2 K 13:17, 19, to extremity Ezr 9:14 (of י׳’s anger), עַד־לְכַלֵּה (late) = completely 2 Ch 24:10 (until all had given), 31:1 (until all were destroyed). †e. accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass, a thing Ru 3:18; c. acc. of י׳’s wrath (חֲמָתוֹ) La 4:11; so (חֲמָתִי, אַפִּי) + ב pers. Ez 5:13; 6:12; 7:8; 13:15; 20:8, 21. †f. accomplish in thought, determine (cf. Qal 1 d) sq. רָעָה Pr 16:30 (‖ חשׁב). †2. a. put an end to, cause to cease Nu 17:25 (+ מֵעָלַי); וַיְכַל־בַּהֶבֶל יְמֵיהֶם ψ 78:33 and he consumed (caused to vanish) in vanity their days. b. cause to fail, exhaust, use up, spend, חִצַּי אֲכַלֶּה־בָּם Dt 32:23 my arrows will I exhaust against them; exhaust one’s strength כֹּחַ Is 49:4 (‖ יָגַע); the eyes (by weeping; cf. Qal 2 b) 1 S 2:33; Jb 31:16; of a disease, consume the eyes Lv 26:16 (H). c. destroy, sometimes exterminate: (1) men subj., c. acc. pers. 2 S 21:5; 22:39 (‖ מחץ), Dt 7:22 2 Ch 8:8; Je 10:25 (‖ אכל), La 2:22 ψ 119:87; especially in phr. עַד כַּלּוֹתָם 1 S 15:18 (on text. v. Dr), 2 S 22:38 (‖ השׁמיד) = ψ 18:38, 1 K 22:11 = 2 Ch 18:10; (2) God subj., c. acc. pers. Jos 24:20 (E), Is 10:18 (Assyrian host, under fig. of forest); Je 5:3; Ex 32:10; 33:3, 5 (JE), Nu 16:21; 17:10; 25:11 (all P), Lv 26:44 (H), Ez 20:13; 22:31; 43:8 Jb 9:22; עַד כַּלֹּתוֹ אֹתְךָ Dt 28:21, עַד כַּלּוֹתִי אוֹתָם Je 9:15; 49:37; abs. ψ 59:14(×2); so also (si vera l.) 74:11 (see VB; Bi Che בְּקֶרֶב חֵקְךָ תִּכְלָא and thy right hand (why) keepest thou in thy bosom); acc. + ב instr. Je 14:12 (by sword, famine, and pestilence); sometimes the instrument of י׳’s judgment becomes grammat. subj.; subj. הַחֶרֶב Ho 11:6 (obj. בַּדָּיו, of city; ‖ אכל), subj. עֵגֶל Is 27:10 (obj. סְעִפֶֿיהָ; ‖ רָעָה), subj. flying roll Zc 5:4 (obj. house). †Pu. Pf. 3 pl. כָּלּוּ ψ 72:20 be finished, ended; Impf. 3 mpl. וַיְכֻלּוּ Gn 2:1 be completed (P).
שָׁאַל170 vb. ask, inquire (NH id.; Assyrian šaʾâlu, Arabic سَأَلَ, Ethiopic ሰአለ: Sab. מסאל request, petition, HomChrest. 124 Levy-Os ZMG xix (1865), 165; Aramaic ܫܶܐܠ, שְׁאֵיל; O Aramaic Zinj. שאל Ldzb371, Nab. Hiph. lend id.ib.;—on שׁ׳ cf. Jastr JBL xix (1900), 82 ff.);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Ju 5:25 +, שָׁאָ֑ל Ju 8:26 + 2 times; consec. וְשָׁ֫אַל לוֹ Nu 27:21; sf. וּשְׁאֵלְךָ consec. Gn 32:18 (Ges§ 64 f), וּשְׁאֵלֵךְ consec. Ju 4:20; 1 s. sf. שְׁאִלְתִּיו 1 S 1:20, שְׁאִלְתִּיהוּ Ju 13:16; 3 pl. sf. שְׁאֵלוּנוּ ψ 137:3; 2 mpl. שְׁאֶלְתֶּם 1 S 12:13 (del. 𝔊 Th We Dr and most), Jb 21:29, וּשְׁאֶלְתֶּס־ consec. 1 S 25:5, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁאַל Ex 22:13 +, etc.; Imv. שְׁאַל Is 7:11 +, שְׁאָלוּנִי Is 45:11 (תִּשְׁאָלוּנִי Weir Che al.), etc.; Inf. abs. שָׁאוֹל Gn 43:7 +; cstr. לִשְׁאֹל Ju 1:14 +, etc.; Pt. act. שֹׁאֵל 2 S 3:13 +, fs. שֹׁאֶלֶת 1 K 2:20, 22, mpl. הַשֹּׁאֲלִים 1 S 8:10; pass. שָׁאוּל 1:28; 2 K 6:5;— 1. a. ask, ask for, acc. rei (vel pers.) Ju 5:25; 8:26; 1 K 3:10 ψ 122:6 (= pray for) +; שׁ׳ אֶת־נַפְשׁוֹ לָמוּת 1 K 19:4; Jon 4:8, i.e. pray for death, but Jb 31:30 demand the life of another בְּאָלָה by a curse; c. ל pers. 1 K 2:22(×2) + (ל pers. reflex.) 1 S 12:17, 19 +; c. מִן pers. Ju 8:24 (acc. cogn.), Ezr 8:22; Zc 10:1 +; sq. הָבִין 1 K 3:11; sq. cl. שׁ׳ מָה אֶתֶּן־לָֽךְ׃ 1 K 3:5 = 2 Ch 1:7, cf. 2 K 2:9; c. acc. + מֵאֵת pers. 1 S 8:10 ψ 27:4 (from י׳) +; + מֵעִם pers. Is 7:11 (from י׳) +; c. acc. pers. (from whom) + rei †ψ 137:3; acc. om. Is 7:12; 2 S 12:20; 1 K 2:20; c. מִן pers. ψ 2:8; abs. Mi 7:3 ψ 105:40 (of prayer); הִקְשִׁיתָ לִשְׁאוֹל 2 K 2:10, i.e. thou hast asked for a difficult thing.—1 S 2:20 v. Hiph. b. specif. ask as a favour, for temporary use, i.e. borrow (cf. לָוָה, as matter of business, v. Bu 1 S 1:28), Ex 22:13 (E; acc. rei + מֵעִם pers.), 2 K 4:3 (acc. rei + מִן of source + ל pers. reflex.), 6:5 (pt. pass. abs.); so also (according to many), c. acc. rei Ex 3:22 (+ מִן pers.) 11:2; 12:35 (both + מֵאֵת pers.; all E),—it is, however, not clear that there was any pretext of mere temporary use; pt. pass. שָׁאוּל לי׳ 1 S 1:28 (lent, granted) made over to י׳ (in effect pass. of Hiph., q.v.). c. in weakened sense, seek, desire (late), c. acc. 2 Ch 11:23 Ec 2:10 (subj. עֵינַי); Pr 20:4 in harvest he shall look [for a crop], וָאָ֑יִן and there shall be none. 2. a. inquire of, c. acc. pers. + לֵאמֹר before inquiry Gn 32:18 (E), 44:19 (J) +; c. וְאָמַר Ju 4:20, וַיֹּאמֶר, etc., Gn 24:47 (J), Je 37:13; sq. וְאָמַר without acc. pers. Gn 32:30 (J), cf. 1 S 19:22, sq. לֵאמֹר Jos 4:6 (JE); c. acc. pers. + עַל rei Ne 1:2; עַל rei alone, Ec 7:10 (+ מֵחָכְמָה, i.e. prompted by wisdom); c. acc. pers. + rei (about which) 2 S 14:18; Is 45:11 + 4 times; acc. pers. + indir.quest. Ju 13:6; c. acc. pers. only, Ju 8:14; 1 S 25:8 Dt 32:7 +, inquire of beasts (acc.) Jb 12:7; c. acc. rei only, Je 50:5; c. ל pers. = acc. 2 K 8:6 (KöSynt. § 289 h); c. ל rei about which Gn 26:7 (J), 32:30 (J), Ju 13:18; 2 S 11:7; Je 6:16; Jb 8:8, also (+ לאמר before the inquiry) Gn 43:7 (J), and (sq. direct question) Dt 4:32; c. ל pers. about whom, Gn 43:27 (J), cf. phr. of greeting, שׁ׳ אִישׁ לְרֵעֵהוּ לְשָׁלוֹם Ex 18:7 (E) ask each for (or about) his fellow as to welfare, cf. †Ju 18:15; 1 S 10:4; 17:22; 25:5; 30:21 [read וַיִּשְׁאֲלוּ לוֹ 𝔊 𝔖 We Dr HPS Bu] 2 S 8:10; Je 15:5; 1 Ch 18:10; sq. direct question only, 1 S 17:56; Je 18:13 (c. ב loc.), sq. indirect question only (c. אִם) Je 30:6; שׁ׳ אֶת־פִי פ׳ Gn 24:57 (J); abs. make inquiry Dt 13:15 (+ דָּרַשׁ, חָקַר). †b. inquire of, consult, deity, oracle, etc. (JastrJBL xix (1900), 88 ff.), sq. acc. פִּי י׳ Jos 9:14 (JE), Is 30:2, י׳ 65:1 (‖ בִּקֵּשׁ); elsewhere in Hex only (acc. om.), Nu 27:21 (P; c. ל pers. for whom, + ב instr.), cf. Jos 19:50; also שׁ׳ אוֹב Dt 18:11 (pt. as subst.; JägerBAS ii. 292 cp. Assyrian maššaku ša šâ’ili, i.e. skin-vessel of the oracle-seeker, cf. JastrJBL xix (1900), 96 ff.); c. acc. of human agent 1 S 28:16; Je 38:14, 27; usually (ancient usage, chiefly Ju Sm) שׁ׳ בי׳ לֵאמֹר (בְּ perhaps orig. local, so GFM, or instr.), Ju 1:1; 20:23; 1 S 23:2; 30:8; 2 S 2:1; 5:19 = 1 Ch 14:10; לֵאמֹר om. 1 S 10:22 (sq. direct question), 22:10 (ל pers. for whom), 23:4; 28:6; 2 S 5:23 = 1 Ch 14:14; Ju 20:27; שׁ׳ בֵּאלֹהִים Ju 18:5; 20:18; 1 S 14:37 (sq. direct question), also (ל pers. for whom), 22:13, 15; שׁ׳ בִּדְבַר הָא׳ 2 S 16:23; likewise שׁ׳ בְּעֵצוֹ Ho 4:12 (i.e. his idol), בַּתְּרָפִים Ez 21:26, בָּאוֹב 1 Ch 10:13; perhaps = receive as oracle Dt 18:16 (מֵעִם י׳), Jastrl.c.. †Niph. ask for oneself (Ges§ 51 e), specif. ask leave of absence, c. מִן pers.: Pf. 3 ms. + Inf. abs. נִשְׁאֹל נִשְׁאַל 1 S 20:6 (sq. inf.), v 28 (sq. עַד;? ins. ל inf. HPS); Pf. 1 s. נִשְׁאַלְתִּי מִן־הַמֶּלֶךְ Ne 13:6 (abs.). †Pi. 1. inquire carefully: Impf. 3 mpl. + Qal Inf. abs. שָׁאוֹל יְשָֽׁאֲלוּ 2 S 20:18 (Bu proposes Qal Impf. יִשְׁאֲלוּ), c. ב loc.; on foll. context v. We Dr HPS Bu. 2. beg, practise beggary, Pf. 3 pl. וְשִׁאֵ֑לוּ (consec.) ψ 109:10. Hiph. (proposes let one ask [successfully], give, or lend, on request, then) grant, make over to (as a favour, with or without request): Pf. 1 s. sf. הִשְׁאִלְתִּהוּ לי׳ 1 S 1:28 I have made him over to י׳ (cf. Dr HPS Bu and Qal Pt. pass., ib.); perhaps also read 3 fs. הִשְׁאִילָה לי׳ 2:20 (whom) she hath made over to י׳ (for שָׁאַל לי׳) Bu HPS (after 𝔊 in part; other conj. in Dr); Impf. 3 mpl. sf. rei וַיַּשְׁאִלוּם Ex 12:36 (E) and they handed them over.
[שָׁחָה172] vb. bow down (NH id.; J Aram. שְׁחִי (rare); akin to שׁוח, שׁחח);— Qal Imv. fs. שְׁחִי Is 51:23 bow down. Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. sf. יַשְׁחֶ֑נָּה Pr 12:25, fig., anxiety depresses it (sc. לֵב; opp. שִׂמֵּחַ). Hithpaʿlēl170 (Ges§ 75 kk) Pf. 3 ms. הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה Ez 46:2; 2 ms. הִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֫יתָ Dt 4:19 + 3 times; 1 s. הִשְׁתַּחֲוֵ֫יתִי 1 S 16:4 + 2 times; 3 mpl. הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ Je 8:2, etc.; Impf. יִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה 2 S 15:32 + 3 times; apoc. יִשְׁתַּ֫חוּ Is 44:17 +; 3 mpl. יִשְׁתַּחֲווּ Gn 49:8 +; 2 fpl. תִּשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֫יןָ Gn 33:6; 37:7, etc.; Imv. fs. הִשְׁתַּחֲוִי ψ 45:12; mpl. הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ 29:2 +; Inf. cstr. הִשְׁתַּחֲוֹת Gn 37:10 +; sf. הִשְׁתַּחֲוָיָ֙תִי֙ 2 K 5:18 (but 𝔊 𝔙 and mod. -חֲוֹתוֹ); Pt. מִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה 2 K 19:37, etc.; מִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶם Ez 8:16, read -וִים all mod.;— 1. bow down, prostrate oneself, before a monarch or superior, in homage, etc.: a. c. ל, after descriptive cl. (especially with קדד, נפל 3 b, q.v.), 1 S 24:9; Gn 43:28 (J) 2 S 14:4, 22; Ru 2:10; 1 K 1:31; 2 K 4:37 + 6 times, + (after כָּרַע) Est 3:2(×2), 5. b. c. ל, sq. phr. (לפני) על אפים ארצה 2 S 14:33 1 K 1:23; לאפים Gn 48:12 (E) 2 S 18:28; אפים Gn 42:6 (E) + 4 times; om. אפים 33:3 (J) + 3 times; עַל כַּפּוֹת רַגְלַיִךְ Is 60:14. c. c. לְ pers. only, Gn 23:7 (P) 27:29(×2); 37:9 (E), 49:8 Ex 11:8 (J) + 8 times; c. לפני Gn 23:12 (P); c. אל Is 45:14 (‖ התפלּל); abs. Gn 33:6, 7(×2) (J), Ex 18:7 (E) 2 S 9:8; 16:4; Is 49:7. 2. before God, in worship, etc.: a. c. לְ, after descriptive phr.: קדד ארצה Ex 34:8 (J); ארצה om. Gn 24:26, 48 (J) + 4 times; כרע אפים ארצה 2 Ch 7:3; כרע 29:29; נפל ארצה Jb 1:20; נפל לפני 2 Ch 20:18. b. sq. phr.: קדד וישׁ׳ ל׳ אפים ארצה Ne 8:6; ארצה ל׳ Gn 24:52 (J); השׁ׳ ונכרעה ψ 95:6; השׁ׳ ל׳ בְּהַדְרַת קֹדֶשׁ 29:2; 96:9 = 1 Ch 16:29; אֶל־הֵיכָל (looking towards) ψ 5:8; 138:2; לַהֲדֹם רגלים 99:5; 132:7. c. c. לְ only: 1 S 1:28 (but read וַתַּנִּחֵהוּ 𝔊L and mod.), 15:25; Je 7:2 ψ 66:4 + 9 times; c. לפני Dt 26:10; Is 66:23 + 4 times; c. בְ loc. Is 27:13; c. לְ loc. ψ 99:9; abs. Gn 22:5 (E) Ju 7:15 + 5 times; acc. loc. Ex 33:10 (E) Je 26:2 Ez 46:3; לפני (ה)מזבח Is 36:7 = 2 K 18:22 = 2 Ch 32:12; c. על loc. Gn 47:31 (J) 1 K 1:47 Ez 46:2; מֵרָחֹק afar off Ex 24:1 (E). d. before angel in theoph.: after cl. c. נפל, קדד, Jos 5:14; Nu 22:31; sq. אפים ארצה Gn 19:1; ארצה 18:2 (all J). 3. before other gods: abs. Is 2:20; 44:15, 17; 46:6; acc. loc. 2 K 5:18(×3); 19:37 = Is 37:38; c. לְ, Ex 20:5 = Dt 5:9 (10 words), Ex 23:24 (E), Nu 25:2 (J), Jos 23:7 (D), Dt 8:19; 11:16; 1 K 16:31 + 34 times; c. על, Lv 26:1 (H); לפני 2 Ch 25:14 (‖ קטּר).
† בִּין vb. discern (Nö ZMG 1883, 532 f.; Arabic بَانَ become separated, be distinct, iv. speak perspicuously; Ethiopic በየነ: i. 2 consider, perceive, Aramaic ܒܰܝܶܢ make to understand, cf. Sab. בין (the) wise, as epith., Mordt ZMG 1876, 37)— Qal Pf. בִּין Dn 10:1; בַּנְתָּה ψ 139:2; בִּינֹתִי Dn 9:2; Impf. יָבִין ψ 19:13 + 25 times; וְיָבֵן Je 9:11 + 2 times; וַיָּבֶן 1 S 3:8 + 2 times; אָבִינָה ψ 73:17 + 4 times; יָבִינוּ Pr 28:5 + 12 times; Imv. בִּין Dn 9:23; בִּינָה ψ 5:2; בִּינוּ Dt 32:7 + 2 times; Inf. abs. בִּין Pr 23:1; Pt. בָּנִים Je 49:7;— 1. perceive (with the senses):— a. eyes, acc. Pr 7:7, with לְ Jb 9:11; 14:21; 23:8 Pr 14:15. b. ears, acc. Pr 29:19, with reflex. לְ Jb 13:1. c. touch, acc. ψ 58:10. d. taste, acc. Jb 6:30. 2. understand, know (with mind):— a. abs. Jb 18:2; 38:20; 42:3 ψ 49:21; 82:5 Pr 24:12 Is 6:9, 10; 44:18 Dn 12:10 Ho 4:14; 14:10; שׁמעתי ולא אבין I heard but I could not understand Dn 12:8. b. acc. Jb 15:9; 23:5; 36:29 Pr 2:5, 9; 20:24; 28:5 ψ 19:13; 92:7 Je 9:11; יבין משׁפט Jb 32:9 Pr 28:5; יבין דעת Pr 29:7. c. with כִּי 1 S 3:8 2 S 12:19 Is 43:10. d. with inf. & לְ, יבין לָדָ֑עַת Is 32:4. 3. observe, mark, give heed to, distinguish, consider (with attention):— a. acc. Dt 32:7 ψ 5:2; 50:22; 94:7, 8 Pr 23:1; 21:29 (Qr) Dn 9:2; 10:1. b. with לְ, ψ 73:17; 139:2 Dt 32:29. c. with בְּ, Ezr 8:15 Ne 13:7 Dn 9:23. d. with אל, ψ 28:5. e. with עַל, Dn 11:30, 37. 4. have discernment, insight, understanding Je 49:7. Niph. נְבֻנוֹתִי Is 10:13; Pt. נָבוֹן Gn 41:33 + 15 times; pl. נְבוֹנִים Je 4:22, elsewhere נְבֹנִים Dt 1:13 Is 5:22 (Baer) Ec 9:11; נְבֹנָיו Is 29:14; be intelligent, discreet, discerning, have understanding 1 S 16:18 Pr 1:5; 10:13; 14:6; 16:21; 17:28; 19:25 Ec 9:11 Is 3:3; 5:21; 10:13; 29:14 Je 4:22 Ho 14:10; לֵב נָבוֹן intelligent mind Pr 14:33; 15:14; 18:15; נָבוֹן וְחָכָם Gn 41:33, 39; חכם ונבון Dt 4:6 1 K 3:12; חכמים ונבנים Dt 1:13. Poʿl. יְבוֹנֲנֵהוּ he attentively considereth him Dt 32:10. Hiph. Pf. הֵבִין Jb 28:23 + 5 times; Impf. יָבִין Is 28:9 + 4 times; וַיָּבֶן 2 Ch 11:23 Dn 9:22; Inf. הָבִין ψ 32:9 + 9 times; Imv. הָבֵן Dn 8:16 + 12 times; Pt. מֵבִין Pr 28:7 + 26 times;— 1. understand:— a. abs. Is 29:16; 40:21; 56:11 1 K 3:11 ψ 32:9 Dn 8:17; 10:12. b. acc. 1 Ch 28:9 Jb 28:23 Pr 1:2, 6; 8:5; 14:8 Is 28:19 Dn 8:23 Mi 4:12; מֵבִין one with understanding Pr 8:9; 17:10, 24; 28:2, 7, 11; מְבִינֵי מַדָּע Dn 1:4; able to understand (i.e. old enough) Ne 8:3; 10:29, cf. 8:2 (sq. לִשׁמֹעַ). 2. give heed to, attend to, observe, discern, abs. Is 57:1 2 Ch 11:23 Dn 8:5; c. בְּ Ne 8:12 Dn 9:23; 10:11; מֵבִין בְּ skilled in 2 Ch 26:5; 34:12; c. אֶל ψ 33:15; בין טוב לרע 1 K 3:9. 3. give understanding, make understand, teach:— a. abs. Dn 8:27; 9:22. b. with acc. pers. ψ 119:34, 73, 125, 130, 144, 169 Jb 32:8 Ne 8:7, 9 Is 40:14. c. with לְ pers. 2 Ch 35:3 Dn 11:33; with לְ pers. & acc. rei Jb 6:24 Dn 8:16. d. בְּ rei Ne 8:8, + acc. pers. Dn 1:17. e. double acc. Is 28:9 ψ 119:27 Dn 10:14; מֵבִין teacher 1 Ch 15:22; 25:7, 8; 27:32 Ezr 8:16. Hithpoʿl. Pf. הִתְבּוֹנָ֑ן Is 1:3 + 6 times; Impf. אֶתְבּוֹנֵן Jb 23:15 + 3 times; אֶתְבּוֹנָ֑ן Jb 32:12 + 5 times; יִתְבּוֹנְנוּ ψ 107:43 + 2 times; יִתְבּוֹנָ֑נוּ Is 14:16; 43:18. 1. shew oneself attentive, consider diligently:— a. abs. Jb 11:11; 23:15 Is 1:3 Je 2:10; 9:16. b. acc. Jb 37:14 ψ 107:43; 119:95 Is 43:18; 52:15. c. with אֶל 1 K 3:21 Is 14:16. d. with עַל Jb 31:1 ψ 37:10. e. with עד Jb 32:12; 38:18. f. with בְּ Jb 30:20 Je 30:24. 2. get understanding, understand Je 23:20 Jb 26:14 (sq. acc.) ψ 119:104. 3. shew oneself to have understanding ψ 119:100.
† I. [כָּסָה] vb. cover (NH כָּסָה Pi; Aramaic כְּסָא chiefly Pa; ܟܣܳܐ Pa. hide, cover; ܟܣܳܝܳܐ covering, ܬܰܟܣܺܝܬܳܐ garment; Arabic كَسَا (كسو) clothe, كِسَآءٌ garment; Assyrian kusû, cover; kusîtu, garment DlHWB 342)— Qal , only Pt. act. כֹּסֶה;— 1. conceal shame Pr 12:16; knowledge Pr 12:23. 2. pass. (cstr.) כְּסוּי חֲטָאָה ψ 32:1 covered in respect of sin (by God, which he thus puts out of sight) (‖ נְשׂוּי־פֶּשַׁע). Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִכְסָ֑תָה, covered, with waves Je 51:42; Inf. cstr. הִכָּסוֹת Ez 24:8, (blood) not to be covered. Pi. Pf. 3 ms. כִּסָּה Nu 9:15 + 12 times; sf. כִּסָּהוּ Lv 17:13 Nu 17:7; כִּסָּמוֹ Ex 15:10; 3 fs. כִּסְּתָה Gn 38:15 + 5 times; 1 s. כִּסִּיתִי ψ 32:5 + 3 times; כִּסֵּתִי Ez 31:15 (del. Co); כִּסֵּיתִי Ez 32:7 + 13 times Pf.; Impf. 3 ms. יְכַסֶּה Is 6:2 + 8 times; וַיְכַס Ex 10:15 + 4 times; sf. יְכַסֶּ֑דָּ Hab 2:17; יְכַסֶּנָּה Ez 30:18; 3 mpl. sf. יְכַסְיֻמוּ Ex 15:5 + 41 times Impf.; Imv. sf. כַּסּוּנוּ Ho 10:8; Inf. cstr. כַּסּוֹת Mal 2:13 + 11 times; כַּסֹּת Nu 4:15; sf. כַּסֹּתוֹ Ex 26:13; Pt. מְכַסֶּה Pr 10:18 + 12 times; pl. מְכַסִּים Is 11:9; fpl. מְכַסּוֹת Ez 1:11, 23(×2);— 1. cover, clothe Ju 4:19 Ez 16:10 (2 acc.), v 18; Jon 3:6 is appar. reflex., c. acc. of garment (strange; read perhaps וַיִּכָּס); nakedness Gn 9:23 (J), Ex 28:42 (P), Ez 16:8 Ho 2:11; the naked Is 58:7 Ez 18:7, 16 (+ acc. rei); the face and legs of seraphim Is 6:2(×2); bodies of cherubim Ez 1:11, 23(×2); the face Gn 38:15 (J), Ez 12:6, 12, fig. Jb 23:17; earth with the great deep ψ 104:6; heavens with glory Hab 3:3; with בְּ of the clothing Gn 38:14 (J), Dt 22:12, these two appar. reflex., cf. Jon 3:6 supr.; Ju 4:18 1 K 1:1; heaven with clouds ψ 147:8, with glory Ez 32:7. 2. cover, conceal blood Gn 37:26 (J), Jb 16:18; human ordure Dt 23:14; mts. conceal men from God Ho 10:8; cover transgressions Jb 31:33 Pr 17:9; 28:13; iniquity ψ 32:5; righteousness ψ 40:11; hatred Pr 10:18; a thing Pr 11:13; judge’s face so as not to see justice Jb 9:24; heads of rulers and seers Is 29:10; with בְּ of covering Lv 17:13 (H), 1 S 19:13; face by fat Jb 15:27; sun by a cloud Ez 32:7; with מִן from whom Gn 18:17 (J), Jb 33:17. 3. cover (with covering of protection), a pit Ex 21:33 (Covt. code); with cloud of incense, the Kapporeth Lv 16:13 (P); coverings of the sacred tent, tabernacle, and their furniture Ex 26:13 Nu 4:9, 15 (P); with בְּ of the covering Nu 4:5, 8, 11, 12 (P); Zion בְּצֵל יָדִי Is 51:16. 4. cover, spread over, fat, the inwards Ex 29:13, 22 Lv 3:3, 9, 14; 4:8 (with עַל), 7:3 (P); leprosy, the skin and flesh Lv 13:12, 13 (P); the cloud of the theophany, the mount Ex 24:15, 16 (P), the tent of meeting Ex 40:34 Nu 17:7 (P), and the tabernacle Nu 9:15, 16 (P); altar with tears Mal 2:13 (2 acc.); Jerusalem with multitude of camels Is 60:6; of handiwork 1 K 7:18, 41, 42 = 2 Ch 4:12, 13. 5. cover, overwhelm, sq. accus., the sea the Egyptians Ex 14:28 (P), 15:5, 10 (song), Jos 24:7 (E), ψ 78:53; 106:11; waters Jb 22:11; 38:34 ψ 104:9 Je 46:8 Ez 26:19; locusts the eye of the land Ex 10:5, 15 (J), also Israel Nu 22:5, 11 (J); frogs the land Ex 8:2 (P); quails the camp Ex 16:13 (P); cloud the land Ez 30:18; 38:9, 16; darkness the earth Is 60:2; dust a city Ez 26:10; the depths of the sea by God Jb 36:30; with a reference to a person’s shame ψ 44:16; 69:8 Je 51:51 Ob 10 Mi 7:10; horror ψ 55:6 Ez 7:18; violence Pr 10:6, 11 Hb 2:17; confusion Je 3:25; mischief ψ 140:10; God covers sin ψ 85:3 (‖ נשׂא עון), cf. 32:1 (Qal). 6. sq. על of person or thing covered, cover over: cherubim over the ark 2 Ch 5:8; over the dead, the earth Nu 16:33 (JE), ψ 106:17 Is 26:21, worms Jb 21:26; dust over blood Ez 24:7; waters over the sea Hb 2:14, cf. לַיָּם Is 11:9; (v. Dr§ 135. 7 Obs.); love covereth over all sins Pr 10:12; God covereth over iniquity Ne 3:37; people not to cover over a guilty person Dt 13:9; + acc. of obj. covering (DaSynt. § 75), fig. covering over the garment with violence Mal 2:16; God’s hands with light Jb 36:32; + בְּ of covering ψ 44:20. Note. —כִסִּתִי (אֵלֶיךָ) ψ 143:9 is error for חָסִיתִי according to 𝔊 κατέφυγον SS, but חסה not cstr. wi. אֶל־; חִכִּיתִי Bae; הֶאֱבַלְתִּי כִּסֵּתִי עָלָיו אֶת־תְּהוֹם Ez 31:15 according to Co I caused the deep to mourn for them (del. כסתי). Pual. Pf. 3 mpl. כָּסּוּ ψ 80:11 Pr 24:31; Impf. יְכֻסֶּה Ec 6:4; pl. וַיְכֻסּוּ Gn 7:19, 20; Pt. pl. מְכֻסִּים 1 Ch 21:16; fpl. מְכֻסּוֹת Ez 41:16. 1. sq. accus. be covered, hills with shadow ψ 80:11; mountains with water Gn 7:19, 20 (P); field with nettles Pr 24:31; abs., windows of temple Ez 41:16. 2. sq. בְּ, be clothed, with sackcloth 1 Ch 21:16; name with darkness Ec 6:4. Hithp. Impf. וַיִּתְכַּס Is 37:1 = 2 K 19:1; 3 fs. תִּכַּסֶּה Pr 26:26; וַתִּתְכָּ֑ס Gn 24:65; pl. יִתְכַּסּוּ Is 59:6 Jon 3:8; Pt. מִתְכַּסֶּת 1 K 11:29; pl. מִתְכַּסִּים Is 37:2 = 2 K 19:2;—cover, clothe oneself, abs. (of veil) Gn 24:65 (J); with בְּ, of new garment 1 K 11:29; sackcloth 2 K 19:1, 2 = Is 37:1, 2; fig. of works Is 59:6, of hatred with guile Pr 26:26; with acc. Jon 3:8 (שַׂקִּים).
נֶ֫גֶד151 subst. what is conspicuous or in front, always as adv. or prep. in front of, in sight of, opposite to, נֶ֑גֶד, cstr. נֶגֶד, sf. נֶגְדִּי ψ 38:11 +, נֶגְדְּךָ 38:10 +, etc.; with ה loc. נֶ֫גְדָּה †ψ 116:14, 18;— 1. as adv. accus. in front of, a. locally (rather stronger and distincter than לִפְנֵי), (a) Gn 31:32 נֶגֶד אַחֵינוּ הַכֶּר־נָא in front of our brethren own it, now, v 37 47:15 ולמה נמות נגדך why should we die in thy sight? Ex 19:2 Isr. encamped נגד ההר in front of the mountain, 34:10 נגד כל־עמך אעשׂה נִפְלָאֹת before, in sight of, all thy people (cf. ψ 78:12), Jos 3:16 the people passed over נגד ירחו in front of J., 1 K 20:27, etc.; Ne 3:23 in front of their house, v 29; (כל) נגד ישׂראל Dt 31:11 Jos 8:35 1 S 15:30 2 S 12:12 +; 1 K 21:13 testify נֶגֶד הָעָם; נגד י׳ 1 S 12:3; 16:6 אַךְ נֶגֶד י׳ מְשִׁיחוֹ, so נֶגְדִּי ψ 89:37, נֶגְדּוֹ 18:13; נגד השׁמשׁ Nu 25:4 2 S 12:12; ψ 22:26 נ׳ יראיו, 52:11 so poet. נֶגְדָּה לְ ψ 116:14, 18); hostilely, Jb 10:17; with collat. idea of to the mortification of, ψ 23:5; 31:20, cf. Jo 1:16; with collat. idea of being open or known to, Pr 15:11 שׁאול ואבדון נגד י׳, Jb 26:6; ψ 38:10 נגדך כל־תאותי (‖ ממך לא נסתרה), 69:20 (‖ יָדַעְתָּ), 119:168; 138:1 Is 59:12; so נֶגֶד פָּנַי הָיוּ Ho 7:2. (b) with reflex. sf., and vb. of motion, to go in front of oneself, i.e. straightforward, Jos 6:5 ועלו העם אישׁ נגדו each straightforward, v 20 Am 4:3 Je 31:39 Ne 12:37, cf. Pr 4:25. b. mentally, = vividly present to, ψ 38:18 ומכאובי נגדי תמיד, 44:16; 51:5 וחטאתי נגדי תמיד, 109:15 נ׳ י׳ (remembered by): nearly = בְּעֵינָיו, כְּאַיִן נֶגְדּוֹ Is 40:17 ψ 39:6; so וְנ׳ פְּנֵיהֶם נְבוֹנִים Is 5:21. But Ex 10:10 כי רעה נגד פניכם before your face is = in your view, or purpose (cf. לא אשׁית לְנֶגֶד עֵינַי דבר־בליעל ψ 101:3). 2. With preps.: a. †כְּנֶגֶד according to what is in front of = corresponding to, note that in NH כְּנֶגֶד = in front of, Ber 4:5; 9:5 Ab 2:10, מכנגד פני Git 7:7 al. Gn 2:18 אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־לּוֹ עֵזֶר כְּנֶגְדּוֹ a help corresponding to him i.e. equal and adequate to himself, v 20 among the animals there was no עֵזֶר כְּנֶגְדּוֹ. b. לְנֶגֶד in front of, before, Gn 33:12 וְאֵֽלְכָה לְנֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ, Nu 22:32 2 K 1:13 fell on his knees לנגד אליהו, Is 1:7 your ground לנגדכם זרים אֹכלים אותהּ; with עָמַד Jos 5:13 Dn 8:15; 10:16, in a hostile sense v 13, cf. Pr 21:30; in the sight or presence of, Hb 1:3 וְשֹׁד וְחָמָס לְנֶגְדִּי, ψ 39:2 בעוד רשׁע לנגדי, 50:8 ועולתיך לנגדי תמיד, Ne 3:37; opposite to (prob. of opposite choirs), Ne 12:9, 24; = parallel to, 1 Ch 5:11; = over, for, a business (peculiar) Ne 11:22; fig. of what is visible morally, ψ 18:23 כי כל משׁפטיו לנגדי (‖ לֹא אָסִיר מֶנִּי), with to set or place ψ 16:8; 54:5 לא שׂמו אלהים לנגדם (cf. 86:14), 90:8; often in the phrase לְנֶגֶד עֵינֵי …, both lit., as Jb 4:16 תְּמוּנָה לנ׳ עֵינָ֑י, ψ 5:6 לא יתיצבו הוללים לנ׳ עיניך (cf. 101:7); and in a moral sense, ψ 18:25 כְּבֹר ידי לנ׳ עיניו, 26:3 כי חסדך לנ׳ עיני i.e. is ever present to my mind, 36:2 אין פחד אלהים לנ׳ עיניו i.e. he has no eye to discern God’s awe-inspiring judgments (cf. 10:5); with לא אשׁית i.e. have in view, purpose (‖ שׂנאתי) 101:3. c. †מִנֶּגֶד (a) adv. off (מִן 1 c) the front, in front, opposite, ex adverso, Gn 21:16 ותשׁב להּ מנגד sat her down opposite, v 16, 2 K 2:7; Dt 28:66 והיו חייך תלואים לך מנגד shall be hung up for thee in front (i.e. suspended, as by a thread, in front of thee); Ju 9:17 וישׁלך נפשׁו מנגד and flung away his life in front or straight away (i.e. hazarded it); = some way off, from or at a distance, Nu 2:2 Dt 32:52 כי מִנֶּגֶד תראה את הארץ, 2 K 2:15 וַיִּרְאֻהוּ מנ׳ at a distance, 3:22; 4:25; aloof, 2 S 18:13 ואתה תתיצב מנגד, Ob 1:11. (b) as a prep. (α) from the front of, away from, Ct 6:5 הָסֵבִּי עֵינַיִךְ מִנֶּגְדִּי, 1 S 26:20 אל־יפֹל דמי ארצה מנ׳ פני י׳; מנגד עיני from before the eyes of, with verbs of removing Is 1:16, cutting off ψ 31:23 Jon 2:5, hiding Am 9:3 Je 16:17. (β) opposite to, Ne 3:19, 25, 27; at a distance from, ψ 10:5 מרום משׁפטיך מנגדי, 38:12 מנגד נגעי יעמדו. (γ) מִנֶּגֶד לְ from before, Pr 14:7, in front of Ju 20:34. d. †עַד נֶגֶד as far as the front of, Ne 3:16, 26.
נָגַע150 vb. touch, reach, strike (NH id.; Arabic نَجَعَ is agree with one (of food), produce effect; Aramaic נְגַע Ithpa. be struck (sc. w. leprosy), cf. Pi. infr.);— Qal Pf. נ׳ Gn 32:33 +; נָֽגְעָה Ju 20:41 +; 1 pl. sf. נְגַעֲנוּךָ Gn 26:29; Impf. יִגַּע Lv 5:3 +; וַיִּגַּע Gn 32:26 +, etc.; Imv. גַּע ψ 144:5 + 2 times; Inf. cstr. נְגֹעַ, לִנְגּוֹעַ Gn 20:6 + 3 times; גַּ֫עַת 2 S 14:10 Ez 17:10; sf. נָגְעֵךְ Ru 2:9, etc.; Pt. act. נֹגֵעַ 1 K 19:5 +; נֹגְעִים Je 12:14; f. נֹגַ֫עַת Nu 19:22 + 2 times; pl. נֹגְעֹת 1 K 6:27; pass. נָגוּעַ ψ 73:14; Is 53:4;— 1. a. touch, usually sq. בְּ Gn 3:3 (J), 32:26, 33; Ex 19:12(×2), 13 (all E), 29:37; 30:29 (P), Lv 5:2, 3 + 25 times Lv; Nu 16:26 + 7 times Nu (P) + 19:22 (no בְּ or obj.), Dt 14:8; Ju 6:21; 2 S 23:7; 1 K 6:27(×2), 19:5, 7; 2 K 13:21 Est 5:2; Dn 8:5, 18; 10:10, 18; La 4:14; sq. אֶל־ Hg 2:12; Nu 4:15; 1 K 6:27; Dn 9:21, cf. Ho 4:2; sq. עַל־פֶּה Is 6:7; עַל־שָׂפָה Dn 10:16; sq. acc. Is 52:11; abs. (no obj. expr.) Jb 6:7 La 4:15. b. of י׳ touching earth, mountains, etc., sq. בְּ Am 9:5 ψ 104:32; 144:5; fig. of י׳ touching the heart, sq. בְּ 1 S 10:26. 2. nearly = strike, pass. stricken, ψ 73:14; Is 53:4 (‖ מֻכֶּה), of wind Jb 1:19; Ez 17:10; of divine chastisement 1 S 6:9 Jb 1:11; 19:21; sq. אֶל 2:5. 3. touch = harm, sq. בְּ, Gn 26:11 (J), Jos 9:19; 2 S 14:10; 1 Ch 16:22 (‖ הָרֵעַ) = ψ 105:15, Je 12:14; Zc 2:12(×2); sq. אֶל־ Gn 20:6 (touch a woman), so Pr 6:29 (sq. בְּ); sq. acc. Gn 26:29 (J, sf.), so Ru 2:9; v. also Jb 5:19 (subj. רַע, sq. בְּ), Ju 20:34, 41 (both subj. רָעָה, sq. עַל־). 4. reach, extend to, 2 S 5:8, sq. בְּ (but crpt. v. Dr HPS); in metaph., sq. עַד of vine Is 16:8; Je 48:32; of sword Je 4:10, cf. v 18; of chastisement Mi 1:9, cf. Jb 4:5 (‖ בּוֹא אֶל־); also (sq. אֶל) Je 51:9; = come, sq. אֶל־ Jon 3:6; arrive (of time), abs. Ezr 3:1; Ne 7:73. †Niph. Impf. וַיִּנָּֽגְעוּ Jos 8:15 be stricken, defeated (in battle), i.e. feign to be so, but read prob. וַיִּנָּֽגְפוּ, v. נָגַף" dir="rtl" >נגף Niph. †Pi. Pf. sf. נִגְּעוֹ 2 Ch 26:20 strike (with leprosy, 2 acc.), subj. י׳; so Impf. וַיְנַגַּע 2 K 15:5; Gn 12:17 (subj. י׳; acc. pers. + acc. cogn.). †Pu. Impf. יְנֻגָּע֑וּ be stricken by diseases (?; cf. Pi. and נֶגַע 2. 3. especially 2 S 7:14) ψ 73:5. †Hiph. Pf. הִגִּיעַ Is 25:12 + 6 times; 2 fs. הִגַּ֫עַתְּ Est 4:14; 1 s. sf. וְהִגַּעְתִּ֫יהוּ Ez 13:14, etc.; Impf. יַגִּיעַ Is 8:8 + 3 times; וַיַּגַּע Is 6:7; Je 1:9, etc.; Inf. cstr. הַגִּיעַ Est 2:12, 15; Pt. מַגִּיעַ Gn 28:12 +; f. מַגַּ֫עַת 2 Ch 3:11;—cause to touch; reach, approach, arrive: 1. cause to touch, apply, Ex 12:22 (JE; מִדָּם, אֶל־); cause to touch (sq. עַד עָפָר, לָאָרֶץ), i.e. bring to ground, Is 25:12; 26:5, cf. La 2:2, Ez 13:14 (sq. אֶל־), Ex 4:25 (J; sq. לְרַגְלָיו); sq. עַל־פֶּה Is 6:7; Je 1:9; sq. בְּ Is 5:8. 2. intr. reach, extend, Gn 28:12 (sq. ָה loc.); sq. אֶל־ Zc 14:5, sq. עַד Is 8:8; cf. תַּגּ׳ יָדוֹ דֵּי שֶׂה Lv 5:7 if his hand do not reach enough for a lamb (i.e. he be not able to furnish a lamb); sq. לְ Jb 20:6 (hyperb.) 2 Ch 3:11(×2), 12; sq. עַד לְ 28:9; attain, sq. לְ Est 4:14, arrive, come, sq. acc. loc. Is 30:4 Est 4:3; 8:17, sq. לְ (of time) Dn 12:12, sq. אֶל־ 1 S 14:9, sq. עַד־ ψ 107:18, abs. Est 6:14; sq. אֵצֶל Dn 8:7. 3. approach, of time, abs. Ec 12:1; Ct 2:12; Ez 7:12 (‖ בּוֹא); v. also Est 9:1 (sq. Inf.), cf. 2:12, 15 ψ 88:4 (sq. לְ). 4. of fate or lot, = befall, sq. אֶל־ Est 9:26 Ec 8:14(×2); reach ψ 32:6.
שָׁבַר148 vb. break, break in pieces (NH id.; Sab. תֿבר break, destroy DHMHof.Mus., no. 1(×2). 26 MordtmHI 74; Arabic ثَبَرَ restrain, destroy; Aramaic תְּבַר, ܬܒܰܪ: Assyrian šabâru, break, break in pieces; Ethiopic ሰበረ: break);— Qal53 Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ 1 K 13:28; Is 14:5, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁבֹּר Je 19:11, -בּוֹר Is 42:3; 3 fs. תִּשְׁבָּר־ Pr 25:15, etc.; Imv. ms. שְׁבֹר ψ 10:15, sf. שָׁבְרֵם Je 17:18; Inf. cstr. לִשְׁבֹּר Gn 19:9 + 2 times, שְׁבוֹר Je 28:12; Pt. act. שֹׁבֵר Ez 4:16 + 2 times; pass. שָׁבוּר Lv 22:22, pl. cstr. שְׁבוּרֵי ψ 147:3;—break, lit., obj. earthen vessel Ju 7:20 Lv 11:33 (P), Je 19:11 (in sim.), cf. v 11 48:38; Is 30:14, flask Je 19:10, gate-bar Am 1:5 (in metaph.), bow Ho 1:5; Je 49:35, and sword Ho 2:20 (מִן־הָאָרֶץ), bone of lamb Ex 12:46; Nu 9:12 (P), and (in metaph.) Pr 25:15, cf. שָׁבוּר" dir="rtl" >שָׁבוּר i.e. fractured of limb Lv 22:22 (H), yoke Je 28:10, 12, 13, and, in metaph., of deliverance (י׳ subj.) v 2, 4, 11; 38:8 (c. מֵעַל), + 4 times, of rebellion Je 2:20; 5:5, so staff Is 14:5 + 5 times, reed Is 42:3, arm of Pharoah Ez 30:21, 22, 24 cf. ψ 10:15; trees (subj. thunder) ψ 29:5; break in, down, door Gn 19:9 (J); rend violently (of lion), man 1 K 13:26, ass v 28; wreck Tyre (as ship) Ez 27:26; fig. break pride Lv 26:19 (H); crush (fig.) Is 14:25 (cf. Je 48:28 supr.), La 1:15; Dn 11:26; מִשְׁנֶה שִׁבָּרוֹן שׁ׳ Je 17:18; break, rupture, heart (fig.) ψ 69:21 + Ez 6:9 (v. Niph. ad fin.), שְׁבוּרֵי לֵב ψ 147:3; וָאֶשְׁבֹּר עָלָיו חֻקִּי Jb 38:10 broke for it my boundary, of sea, ref. to abrupt ending of mainland; = quench thirst (frangere sitim) ψ 104:11. Niph.57 Pf. 3 ms. נִשְׁבַּר Ex 22:9 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשָּׁבֵר Lv 6:21 +, 3 fs. וְתִשָּׁ֫בֶר Ec 12:6, 2 ms. תִּשָּׁבֵר Ez 29:7, -בַר֥ 32:28, etc.; Inf. cstr. הִשָּׁבֵר Jon 1:4; Pt. נִשְׁבָּר ψ 51:19, fs. נִשְׁבָּרָה v 19, נִשְׁבֶּ֫רֶת Ez 27:34 +, etc.;—be broken, of neck 1 S 4:18, bones ψ 34:21, gate-bars Je 51:30, rod (in fig.) Is 14:21; Je 48:17, idols Ez 6:4, 6, horn Dn 8:8, cf. v 22, arm Jb 31:22 (מִקָּנָה), and (in metaph.) Je 48:25; Jb 38:15 ψ 37:17, cf. Ez 30:22, bough Ez 31:12; Is 27:11, cf. (fig.) of wickedness, like a tree Jb 24:20, other things ψ 37:15 Je 50:23; Ez 29:17 ψ 124:7; cisterns Je 2:13 (id.), pottery Lv 6:21; 15:12 (P), Ec 12:6 (in fig.); = be maimed, crippled (have limb broken), of animal Ex 22:9, 13 (E), and (fig.) Ez 34:4, 16; Zc 11:16, so (fig. of men stumbling) Is 8:15; 28:13; be wrecked, of ships 1 K 22:49 (read Qr נִשְׁבְּרוּ), ‖ 2 Ch 20:37, Jon 1:4, metaph. of Tyre Ez 27:34; fig. be crushed, destroyed (pers., warriors, kingdoms, etc.), Je 14:17; 22:20; 48:4; 51:8 + 10 times; fig. be broken, of heart †Je 23:9; Is 61:1 ψ 34:19; 51:19, cf. רוּחַ" dir="rtl" >רוּחַ נִשׁ׳ v 19.—Ez 6:9 read prob. וְשָֽׁבְרְתִּ֫י (We Sm Berthol Toy Krae); Co בְּשָׁבְרִי. Pi.36 Pf. 3 ms. שִׁבַּר Is 21:9 +, שִׁבֵּ֑ר Ex 9:25, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְשַׁבֵּר ψ; 46:10 +, 2 mpl. תְּשַׁבֵּר֑וּן Ex 34:13, etc.; Inf. abs. שַׁבֵּר Ex 23:24; Pt. מְשַׁבֵּר 1 K 19:11;—shatter, break, tablets Ex 32:19 (E), 34:1 (J), Dt 9:17; 10:2; מַצֵּבוֹת Ex 23:24 (E; + Inf. abs.), 34:13 (J) + 7 times; images 2 K 11:18 + 3 times; bronze sea, etc., 2 K 25:13 = Je 52:17; horns Dn 8:7; jaws Jb 29:17 (in fig.); of hail shattering trees Ex 9:25 (J), cf. 1 K 19:11; elsewhere subj. י׳, shattering gate-bars, etc., weapons Is 45:2; 38:13; La 2:9; 3:4 ψ 46:10; 76:4; 107:16, trees 29:5; 105:33, heads of תַּנִּינִים 74:13; wrecking ships 48:8. †Hiph. cause to break out, i.e. bring to the birth, Impf. 1 s. הַאֲנִי אַשְׁבִּיר וְלֹא אוֹלִיד Is 66:9 (י׳ subj.; cf. מַשְׁבֵּר infr.). †Hoph. be broken, shattered (in heart), Pf. 1 s. עַל־שֶׁבֶר בַּת־עַמִּי הָשְׁבַּ֑רְתִּי Je 8:21.
רָדַף141 vb. pursue, chase, persecute (NH id., Aramaic רְדַף, ܪܕܰܦ; Arabic رَدَفَ; Sab. רדף id., SabDenkm No. 7, 1, 2);— Qal128 Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ Ju 4:16 +; 1 s. וְרָדַפְתִּ֫י Je 29:18, etc.; Impf. יִרְדֹּף Dt 19:6 +, יִֽרַדֹּף ψ 7:6 (appar. to give choice of Qal or Pi, Ki JHMich Bae al.; Ges§ 63 n expl. as developed from יִרֲדֹף, cf. Ol § 236 e, and, further, Köi. 160), sf. יִרְדָּפֶ֑ךָ Ez 35:6(×2), etc.; Imv. ms. רְדֹף Gn 44:4 +, sf. רָדְפֵהוּ ψ 34:15; mpl. רִדְפוּ Ju 3:28 +;, Inf. cstr. לִרְדֹּף Jos 8:16 +, מִרְדֹף 1 S 23:28; 2 S 18:16, sf. רָדְפִי ψ 38:21 Qr, רדופי Kt, etc.; Pt. רֹדֵף Ju 4:22 +, pl. רֹדְפִים 8:4 +;— 1. a. pursue (sometimes + הִשִּׂיג): lit. c. אַהֲרֵי pers., in order to overtake Gn 44:4 (J), 2 K 5:21; especially with hostile purpose Gn 31:23 (+ הִדְבִּיק), 35:5; Jos 24:6 (all E), 2:5, 7(×2); 8:16(×2), 17; 10:19 (JE), Dt 11:4; 19:6; Jos 20:5 (all D), Ex 14:4, 8, 9 (P), Ju 1:6; 2 S 20:6, 7, 10, 13; 2 K 9:27 + 17 times, + 2 K 25:5 (אַהַר), + Ju 4:16 (אַהֲרֵי הָרֶכֶב); + רִדְפוּ אַהֲרַי Ju 3:28 = follow me (as leader; but this meaning not elsewhere; read רְדוּ 𝔊 Kit GFM). b. lit., c. acc. pers., put to flight, chase (defeated foe; sometimes c. הִשִּׂיג): Am 1:11; Ho 8:3; Dt 32:30 (poem; ‖ הֵנִיס), 28:22, 45; Jos 23:10 (D), Lv 26:8(×2) (H); וְרָדַף אֹתָם קוֹל עָלֶה נִדָּף v 36a (H); Jos 7:5; 8:24; 10:10; 11:8 (all JE), Gn 14:15; Dt 1:44; Ju 4:22; Is 41:3 + 13 times + Ju 7:25 (read אֶת־ for אֶל־, 𝔊 𝔙 𝔗 GFM Bu Now). †c. lit., acc. om. Ju 8:4; 1 S 30:8 (+ הִשִּׂיג), v 10; Gn 14:14; Ex 14:23 (P), 15:9 (poem; + הִשִּׂיג), Lv 26:36b, 37 (H), Pr 28:1; especially pt. pl. הָר׳ the pursuers Jos 2:16(×2), 22(×2;) Ne 9:11; Is 30:16, so הָרֹדֵף Jos 8:20; La 1:6. †d. chase, hunt, partridge (קֹרֵא) 1 S 26:20 (in sim.; ‖ בִּקֵּשׁ). †e. pursue, in fig., Je 20:11; La 4:19, רִדְפוּ וְתִפְשׂוּהוּ ψ 71:11, cf. La 1:3; ψ 7:6 (+ הִשִּׂיג; v. supr.); especially subj. י׳, pursue (fig. of punishment, judgment), c. אחרי Je 29:18 (בַּהֶרֶב), acc. pers. La 3:43 (om. v 66), ψ 83:16 (בְּסַעֲרֶ֑ךָ); אֶת־קַשׁ יָבֵשׁ תִּרְדֹּף Jb 13:25 (‖ תַּעֲרוֹץ); רֹדְכָּם, of מַלְאַךְ י׳, ψ 35:6. †f. fig. persecute, harass, c. acc. pers. Dt 30:7; Jb 19:22 (כְּמוֹ־אֵל), ψ 69:27; 109:16; 119:86, 161; c. acc. נַפְשִׁי 143:3, c. acc. נְדִבָתִי Jb 30:15 (but subj. obscure; read perhaps תֵּרָדֵף Bu; Du תִּנָּדֵף); c. ל pers. Jb 19:28; pt. as subst. Je 15:15; 17:18 ψ 7:2; 31:16 (‖ אוֹיְבַי; We מְרַדְּפָ֑י for מֵרֹדְפָ֑י), 35:3; 119:84, 157 (+ צָרַי), 142:7. †g. pursue, dog, subj. דָּם, c. acc. pers. Ez 35:6(×2) (del v a 𝔊 Co Toy Krae); in good sense, attend closely upon, טוֹב וָחֶסֶד יִרְדְּפוּנִי ψ 23:6. †2. fig. follow after, aim to secure: in bad sense, c. acc. שַׁלְמֹנִים Is 1:23, שֵׁכָר 5:11, ר׳ קָדִים Ho 12:2, רֹדְפֵי זִמָּה ψ 119:150; good sense, c. inf. לְדַעַת אֶת־י׳ Ho 6:3, c. acc. צֶדֶק Dt 16:20 Is 51:1 (‖ מְבַקְשֵׁי י׳), צְדָקָה וָהָ֑סֶד Pr 21:21, שָׁלוֹם ψ 34:15 (‖ בַּקֵּשׁ), טוֹב 38:21. †Niph. pass.: Pf. 1 pl. עַל־צַוָּארֵנוּ נִרְדָּ֑פְנוּ La 5:5 upon our neck (i.e. closely) we are pursued (improb., cf. Bu); perhaps Impf. 3 fs. תֵּרָדֵף Jb 30:15 Bu (for תִּרְדֹּף); Pt. א׳ יְבַקֵּשׁ אֶת־נִרְדָּ֑ף Ec 3:15 God seeketh the pursued, (i.e. what has disappeared, is past, but dub.). †Pi. Pf. 3 fs. consec. וְּרִדְּפָה Ho 2:9; Impf. 3 ms. יְרַדֶּף־ Na 1:8 (ψ 7:6 v. Qal); 3 fs. תְּדַדֵּף Pr 13:21; Pt. מְרַדֵּף 11:19 +;—pursue ardently, c. acc. pers. Ho 2:9 (in fig.); fig. also וְאֹיְבָיו יְר׳ הֹשֶׁךְ Na 1:8 (GunkZAW xiii (1893), 230, plausibly, רֶהְדֹּף), cf. Pr 13:21; elsewhere pt., in Pr: aim (eagerly) to secure, c. acc. רָעָה 11:19, רֵיקִים 12:11; 28:19, אֲמָרִים 19:7 (meaning dub., v. Toy); in good sense, צְדָקָה 15:9. †Pu. Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְרֻדַּף כְמֹץ הָרִים Is 17:13 it shall be chased away like chaff of the mountains (‖ וְנָס). †Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. sf. הִרְּדִיפֻהוּ Ju 20:43 usually they chased him (Benj., coll.), but strange after כִּתְּרוּ surrounded (still stranger after כתתו or כרתו 𝔊), and why Hiph.? GFM conj. dittogr. of הִדְרִיכֻהוּ foll.; the reverse conjectured by Bu Now.
לָכַד121 vb. capture, seize, take (by lot) (Ph. לכד take out, choose (?); 𝔗 לְכַד as BH; Arabic لَكَدَ is strike, push, with the hand, etc., مِلْكَدٌ pestel, cf. mod. لَكَد attack WetzstZMG xxii. 1868, 140; لَكِدَ stick or cleave to);— Qal Pf. ל׳ Jos 8:21 +, לָכַדְתִּי 2 S 12:27 etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִלְכּוֹד Am 3:5; וַיִּלְכֹּד Ju 8:12 +, etc.; Imv. ms. sf. לָכְדָהּ 2 S 12:28, mpl. לִכְדוּ; Inf. abs. לָכוֹד Am 3:5; cstr. sf. לְלָכְדֵנִי Je 18:22, לְלָכְדָהּ 32:24; Pt. לֹכֵד Jb 5:13 Pr 16:32;— 1. capture, seize (not in P) c. acc., usually a city or town, in war Ju 1:8, 12 Jos 8:21; 10:1 (JE), Dt 2:35 + 48 times (but Ju 1:18 del. as gloss Bu Kit GFM al.); land Jos 10:42 (D), Dn 11:18; water-courses (fords), Ju 3:28; 7:24(×2); 12:5; obj. men (usually princes, kings) in battle Ju 7:25; 8:12, 14 Jos 11:12, 17 (D), 2 Ch 22:9; 33:11; captives and spoils 2 S 8:4 = 1 Ch 18:4; of Saul’s seizing the kingdom (הַמְּלוּכָה), i. e. acquiring it actually by force of arms 1 S 14:47; also of Samson’s catching the foxes Ju 15:4; of a lion catching his prey Am 3:4; of a trap, snare, לָכוֹד יִלְכּוֹד 3:5. †2. fig. of entrapping men Je 5:26 ψ 35:8, cf. Pr 5:22 Jb 5:13 and (of a pit) Je 18:22. †3. of taking by lot Jos 7:14(×3), 17 (JE; v. Niph. 3). †Niph. Pf. נִלְכַּד La 4:20; 3 fs. נִלְכְּדָה 1 K 16:18 +, etc.; Impf. יִלָּכֵד Is 24:18 Je 48:44; יִלָּ֫כֶד בָּהּ Ec 7:26; וַיִּלָּכֵד Jos 7:16 +, etc.; Pt. נִלְכָּד Jos 7:15;— 1. be captured in war, of city 1 K 16:18 2 K 18:10 Je 38:28(×2); 48:1, 41; 50:2, 9, 24; 51:31, 41 Zc 14:2; of men Je 51:56 La 4:20 (cf. Qal 1). 2. of men, be caught, viz. in a snare or trap, only fig., usually by divine judgment Is 8:15; 24:18; 28:13 ψ 9:16; 59:13 Pr 6:2; 11:6 Je 6:11; 8:9; so of Moab Je 48:7, 44; of being ensnared by a woman Ec 7:26; of being caught by cords of distress, בְּחַבְלֵי עֹ֑נִי, Jb 36:8. 3. be taken by lot Jos 7:15, 16, 17, 18 (all JE), 1 S 10:20, 21(×2); 14:41, 42 (cf. Qal 3). †Hithp. Impf. 3 mpl.; יִתְלַכְּדוּ וְלֹא יִתְפָּרָ֑דוּ Jb 41:9 they grasp each other, and cannot be separated, of crocodile’s scales (‖ אִישׁ בְּאָחִיהוּ יְדֻבָּ֑קוּ); פְּנֵי תְהוֹם יִתְלַכָּ֑דוּ Jb 38:30 the face of the deep compacts (of freezing; ‖ כָּאֶבֶן מַיִם יִתְחַבָּ֑אוּ; vbs. transp., plausibly, by Me Bi Siegf Bu).
שָׁפַךְ113 vb. pour out, pour (NH id.; Assyrian šapâku, pour out, especially (DlWB JenKosmol. 41) earth, to form mound; Arabic سَفَكَ pour out, cf. سَبَكَ melt and pour into mould; Ethiopic ሰበከ: Aramaic שְׁפַךְ, ܫܦܰܟ (rare) = BH);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ 1 K 2:31 +; 3 fs. sf. שְׁפָכַ֫תְהוּ Ez 24:7, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁפֹּךְ 2 K 19:32 +; 2 ms. sf. 3 ms. תִּשְׁפְּכֶנּוּ Dt 12:16 +, etc.; Imv. ms. שְׁפוֹךְ Ju 6:20 +, שְׁפָךְ־ ψ 69:25; fs. שִׁפְכִי La 2:19, etc.; Inf. cstr. שְׁפָךְ־ 1 K 18:28 +, לִשְׁפֹּךְ Is 59:7 +, etc.; Pt. act. שֹׁפֵךְ Gn 9:6 +, f. שֹׁפֶ֫כֶת Ez 22:3, etc.; pass. שָׁפוּךְ ψ 79:10, שְׁפוּכָה Ez 20:33, 34;— 1. lit.: a. pour out, pour water Ex 4:9 (J; acc. loc.), 1 S 7:6 (+ לִפְנֵי י׳, unique, symb. of contrition), עַל־פְּנֵי הָאָרֶץ (subj. י׳) Am 5:8; 9:6; blood like water (to flow away and be absorbed), עַל־הָאָרֶץ Dt 12:16, 24; 15:23, cf. Lv 17:13 (H) Ez 24:7; also + אֶל loc. Ex 29:12; Lv 4:7, 18, 25, 30, 34; + עַל pers. reflex. 1 K 18:28; pour out broth Ju 6:20, libation (נֶסֶךְ, to (ל) false gods) Is 57:6; dust Lv 14:41 (P; אֶל loc.); c. acc. סֹלְלָה mound (in siege), = make by pouring (earth, orig. from baskets, see especially Assyrian šapâku DlWB 679 b JenKosmol. 41), + עַל־ of city 2 K 19:32 = Is 37:33; Je 6:6; Ez 4:2; 26:8, אֶל־ 2 S 20:15; abs. Ez 17:17; 21:27; Dn 11:15; וַיִּשׁ׳ מֵעָיו אַרְצָה 2 S 20:10 (by a sword-thrust in the belly), cf. יִשׁ׳ לָאָרֶץ מְרֵרָתִי Jb 16:13 (metaph., י׳ subj.). b. techn., acc.; דָּם shed blood Gn 37:22 (E) 9:6 (P) 1 S 25:31; Ez 22:4 + 9 times Ez, + 15 times (pass. ψ 79:10) + Ez 36:18 (c. עַל־הָאָרֶץ), 1 Ch 22:8 (c. אַ֫רְצָה); acc. דָּמִים †1 K 2:31; 1 Ch 28:3 ψ 79:3 (כַּמַּיִם). 2. fig.: a. י׳ subj., pour out anger, etc.: עֲלֵ��הֶם אֶשׁ׳ כַּמַּיִם עֶבְרָתִי Ho 5:10; שׁ׳ חֲמָתִי עַל Ez 14:19 + 8 times Ez, Je 10:25; Is 42:25 ψ 79:6 (אֶל et עַל); acc. ח׳ om. Je 6:11; c. ב loc. La 2:4; ח׳ שְׁפוּכָה Ez 20:33, 34; acc. חֲרוֹן אַפּוֹ La 4:11; acc. זַעַם (עַל pers.) Ez 21:36 + 3 times; acc. בּוּזּ contempt, עַל pers., Jb 12:21 = ψ 107:40; pour their own wickedness עֲלֵיהֶם Je 14:16 (i.e. requite it); pour out רוּחִי עַל Ez 39:29, cf. Zc 12:10; Jo 3:1, 2. b. hum. subj. pour out one’s heart, etc., כַּמַּיִם לִבֵּךְ La 2:19, לְפָנָיו לְבַבְכֶם ψ 62:9 (i.e. bef. י׳), אֶת־נַפְשִׁי לִפְנֵי י׳ 1 S 1:15, עָלַי (reflex.; v. עַל 1 d) ψ 42:5; אֶת־שִׂיחוֹ לִפְנֵי י׳ ψ 102:1 (title), cf. 142:3; in bad sense, וַתִּשְׁפְּכִי אֶת־תַּזְנוּתַיִךְ עַל־ Ez 16:15, cf. 23:8. †Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִשְׁפַּךְ La 2:11, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשָּׁפֵךְ Gn 9:6 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. הִשָּׁפֵךְ Ez 16:36;—be poured out: of ashes 1 K 13:3, 5, blood (עַל loc.) Dt 12:27; be shed, of blood Gn 9:6 (P) Dt 19:10; in fig. La 2:11 my liver is poured לָאָרֶץ (cf. Qal 1 a ad fin.); ψ 22:15 I am poured out like water (nerveless, helpless); subj. נְּחֻשְׁתֵּךְ Ez 16:36 (v. ii. [נְחשֶׁת]; cf. v 15 Qal 2 b). †Pu. Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְשֻׁפַּךְ Zp 1:17 be poured out כֶּעָפָר, of blood; שֻׁפַּךְ Nu 35:33 (P) be shed, of blood; 3 fs. שֻׁפְּכָה ψ 73:2 Kt my steps were caused to slip (Qr שֻׁפְּכוּ). †Hithp. Impf. 3 fs. עָלַי תִּשְׁתַּפֵּךְ נַפְשִׁי Jb 30:16 my soul pours itself out upon me; 3 fpl. תִּשְׁתַּפֵּ֫כְנָה אַבְנֵי־קֹדֶשׁ (Ges§ 54 k) La 4:1 fig. of slaughter; Inf. cstr. בְּהִשְׁתַּפֵּךְ נַפְשָׁם אֶל־חֵיק אִמֹּתָם 2:12, i.e. they expire.
† לָבֵשׁ, לָבַשׁ vb. put on (a garment), wear, clothe, be clothed (NH id.; Aramaic לִבֵישׁ ܠܒܶܫ; Assyrian labâšu; Arabic لَبِسَ; Ethiopic ለብሰ ); Qal Pf. 3 m.s. לָבֵ֣שׁ, לָ֫בֵ֥שׁ ψ 93:1; לָ֮בַ֤שׁ Jb 7:5 + 2 times; וְלָבַשׁ (cons.) Lv 6:3 + 3 times; sf. וּלְבֵשָׁם (cons.) Lv 16:4; 3 fs. לָֽבְשָׁה Ju 6:34 + 2 times, etc. (Ez 42:14 read prob. וְלָֽבְשׁוּ Qr, for ילבשׁו Kt, but cl. perhaps interpol., v. Co); Impf. 3 ms. יִלְבַּשׁ Dt 22:5 +; sf. וַיִּלְבָּשֵׁנִי Jb 29:14, יִלְבָּשָׁם Ex 29:30; 1 s. sf. אֶלְבָּשֶׁ֑נָּה Ct 5:3; 3 fpl. תִּלְבַּשְׁןָ 2 S 13:18, etc.; Imv. ms. לְבַשׁ 1 K 22:30, etc.; Inf. abs. לָבוֹשׁ Hg 1:6; cstr. לִלְבֹּשׁ Gn 28:20 Lv 21:10; Pt. act. pl. הַלֹּבְשִׁים Zp 1:8; pass. abs. לָבוּשׁ 1 S 17:5; Dn 10:5; לָבֻשׁ Ez 9:2 + 3 times; cstr. לְבוּשׁ Dn 12:6, 7, לְבֻשׁ Ez 9:11 + 3 times; pl. cstr. לְבֻשֵׁי Ez 23:6 + 2 times;— a. lit. put on (one’s own) garment (acc.) Gn 38:19; 1 S 28:8; 2 S 14:2; 1 K 22:30 = 2 Ch 18:29, Ex 29:30; Lv 6:3, 4; 16:4(×2), 23, 24, 32; 21:10; Dt 22:5; Ez 44:17, 19, and so 42:14 Qr (v. supr.), Jon 3:5; Ct 5:3; Est 4:1; 5:1; c. acc. garment + עַל־בְּשָׂרוֹ Lv 16:3; of putting on armour Je 46:4; = wear (more or less habitually), c. acc. of garment, Is 4:1; Dt 22:11; Zp 1:8; Zc 13:4; of Jerus. under fig. of woman Je 4:30, of rulers under fig. of shepherds Ez 34:3, cf. כֵּן תִּלְבַּשְׁןָ 2 S 13:18 (no acc.) b. very often fig., put on, be clothed with, c. acc. of garment;—לָבַשׁ בְּשָׂרִי רִמָּה Jb 7:5 my flesh is clothed (i.e. covered) with worms; of Jerus., be clothed with inhabitants Is 49:18; of pasture, with flocks ψ 65:14; more often the garment is some abstract quality, e.g. righteousness, majesty, beauty, strength, etc.;—וַיִּלְבַּשׁ צְדָקָה כַּשִּׁרְיָן Is 59:17 he (י׳) hath put on righteousness as a breastplate, cf. v 17 (vengeance), ψ 93:1 (majesty), v 1 (strength), 104:1 (honour and majesty), Is 51:9 (strength); also Jb 40:10; said of men, 2 Ch 6:41 (salvation), ψ 132:9 (righteousness), Jb 29:14 (id.); of Zion Is 52:1(×2); also in bad sense, clothed with terror, trembling, shame, etc., Ez 7:27; 26:16; Jb 8:22; ψ 35:26; 109:29, cf. v 18 (cursing). c. lit. put on, obj. om., נָתַן … בֶּגֶד לִלְבּשׁ Gn 28:20 Jb 27:17; Inf. abs. לָבוֹשׁ Hg 1:6 (there is) a clothing, but he has nothing for warmth. d. once c. בְּ, לְבוּשׁ … אֲשֶׁר לָבַשׁ בּוֹ Est 6:8. e. Pt. pass., clothed with, chiefly Ezek.;—c. acc. of garment, Ez 9:2, 3; Zc 3:3; Pr 31:21; Dn 10:5; of wearing armour 1 S 17:5; cstr. before garment, לְבֻשׁ הַבַּדִּים Ez 9:11; 10:2, 6, 7, cf. 23:6, 12; 38:4; Dn 12:6, 7. f. fig.:—וְרוּחַ י׳ לָֽבְשָׁה אֶת־גִּדְע֑וֹן Ju 6:34 and the spirit of י׳ clothed itself with Gideon, i.e. (GFM) took possession of him (cf. ܠܒܺܝܫ possessed); so 1 Ch 12:18; 2 Ch 24:20; צֶדֶק לָבַשְׁתִּי וַיִּלְבָּשֵׁנִי Jb 29:14 and it clothed itself in me, as it were, became incarnate in me. Pu. only Pt. pl. מְלֻבָּשִׁים arrayed, c. acc. of garment 1 K 22:10 = 2 Ch 18:9, 2 Ch 5:12; abs. in full apparel Ezr 3:10. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. sf. הִלְבִּישַׁנִי Is 61:10; 3 fs. הִלְבִּישָׁה Gn 27:16; 2 ms. וְהִלְבַּשְׁתָּ֫ Ex 28:41 + 3 times; sf. וְהִלְבַּשְׁתָּם (consec.) Ex 29:8; Nu 20:26; 1 s. sf. וְהִלְבַּשְׁתִּיו Is 22:21; 3 pl. הִלְבִּישׁוּ 2 Ch 28:15, וְהִלְבִּשׁוּ (consec.) Est 6:9; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּלְבֵּשׁ Gn 41:42 + 5 times; sf. וַיַּלְבִּשֵׁם Gn 3:21; Lv 8:13; 3 fs. תַּלְבִּישׁ Pr 23:21, etc.; Inf. abs. הַלְבֵּשׁ Zc 3:4; cstr. הַלְבִּישׁ Est 4:4; Pt. sf. הַמַּלְבִּֽשְׁכֶּם 1 S 1:24;—clothe, array with. 1. usually c. 2 acc., a. lit. וַיּלְבֵּשׁ אֹתוֹ בִּגְדֵי־שֵׁשׁ Gn 41:42; 2 S 1:24; Is 22:21; Ex 28:41; 29:5, 8; 40:13, 14 Lv 8:7, 13 Nu 20:26, 28 Zc 3:4, 5; of clothing Jerus. under fig. of infant Ez 16:10; of putting armour on some one 1 S 17:38(×2). b. fig., Jb 10:11 thou hast clothed me with skin and flesh; cf. 39:19 (quivering of horse’s neck); Is 50:3; 61:10; ψ 132:16, 18. 2. c. acc. garment only, Gn 27:16 (+ עַל־יָדָיו); fig., Pr 23:21. 3. c. acc. pers. only Gn 3:21; 27:15 2 Ch 28:15(×2) Est 4:4; 6:9, 11.
[שָׁלֵם103] vb. be complete, sound (NH id. (Jastr), Ph. שלם Pi. complete, requite, especially in n.pr., Lzb 376 GACooke 99, also 81, 111, etc.; Arabic سَلِمَ be safe, secure, free from fault, ii. make over, resign to, iv. resign or submit oneself, especially to God, whence ptcp. Muslim, and inf. Islām, proposes submission to God; Assyrian šalâmu, be complete, unharmed, be paid; Aramaic שְׁלֵים, ܫܠܶܡ be complete, safe, 𝔗 peaceful; O Aramaic שלם reward, repay (Pa; in n.pr.); cf. Sab. סלם peace HomChr 124, Arabic سِلْمٌ, also سَلَامٌ safety, security; Assyrian šulmu, welfare; Ethiopic ሰላም Di 322 security, peace; Aramaic שְׁלָמָא, ܫܠܳܡܳܐ security, welfare, O Aramaic שלם Lzb 376, especially = submission, in n.pr. RSSem. 79 f.; Bondi 70 (after Brugsch), cp. šarmā, greet, do homage, as loan-word in Egyptian);— Qal Pf. 3 pl. שָֽׁלְמוּ Is 60:20; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּשְׁלָ֑ם Jb 9:4; f. תִּשְׁלַם 1 K 7:51 + 2 times;— 1. be complete, finished, ended: temple 1 K 7:51 = 2 Ch 5:1; walls of city Ne 6:15; of time Is 60:20. 2. be sound, uninjured, Jb 9:4. Pi.89 Pf. 3 ms. שִׁלַּם Lv 5:24 +, 1 s. וְשִׁלַּמְתּ֫י Je 16:18 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְשַׁלֵּם Ex 21:34 +; sf. יְשַׁלְּמֶ֑נָּה Lv 24:18 +, etc.; Imv. ms. שַׁלֵּם Ec 5:3 ψ 50:14, etc.; Inf. abs. שַׁלֵּם Ex 21:36 +; cstr. id. Pr 22:27, etc.; Pt. מְשַׁלֵּם Dt 7:10 +, etc.;— †1. complete, finish, temple 1 K 9:25. †2. make safe, c. acc. Jb 8:6. 3. make whole or good, restore thing lost Jo 2:25, or stolen Ex 21:37 (E); pay a debt 2 K 4:7 ψ 37:21 Pr 22:27; Jb 41:3; make compensation, for injury Lv 24:18, 21 (P); for trespass in sacred things 5:16 (P). 4. make good, i.e. pay, vows, c. acc. נֶדֶר Dt 23:22; 2 S 15:7 + 9 times, + (c. ל to God) ψ 50:14; 66:13; 116:14, 18; obj. om. 76:12; abs. Is 19:21; c. acc. תּוֹדוֹת c. ל to God ψ 56:13; פרים שׂפתינו Ho 14:3 (v. p. 830b). 5. requite, recompense, reward, good 1 S 24:20; Ru 2:12; evil Is 65:6; Je 51:56; c. ל pers. Dt 7:10 + 4 times, + (c. acc. rei) Je 51:24; אל pers. Jb 21:19; acc. rei Pr 20:22; Je 16:18; שִׁלַּם גְּמוּל לְ Is 59:18(×2), (but v. i. שִׁלֵּם), 66:6 + (v. גְּמוּל); †שׁ׳ פֹּעַל לְ Jb 34:11; שׁ׳ גְּמוּל עַל Jo 4:4; עַל חֵיק Is 65:6; אֶל־חֵיק Je 32:18; †c. ל pers. and כ of deeds, שׁ׳ reward according to one’s works 2 S 3:39 + 3 times; acc. pers. ψ 31:24; acc. rei †שׁ׳ רעה תחת טובה Gn 44:4 (J) ψ 35:12; 38:21 (read מְשַׁלְּמֵנִי). Pu. Impf. 3 ms. יְשֻׁלַּם ψ 65:2 Je 18:20; יְשֻׁלָּ֑ם Pr 11:31; 13:13;— 1. be performed, of vow ψ 65:2. 2. be repaid, requited, Je 18:20; Pr 11:31; 13:13. Hiph. 1. complete, perform: Impf. 3 ms. יַשְׁלִים Jb 23:14; Is 44:26, יַשְׁלִם v 28. 2. make an end of, 2 ms. sf. תַּשְׁלִימֵנִי Is 38:12, 13 (𝔊 Du Marti deliver up to pains, as in Aramaic).
† כִּפֶּר vb.Pi etc. denom. cover over (fig.), pacify, make propitiation;— Pi Pf. כִּפֶּר Ex 30:10 + 31 times; 2 ms. sf. כִּפַּרְתָּ֑הוּ Ez 43:20; 3 mpl. יְכַפְּרוּ Ez 43:26; 2 mpl. כִּפַּרְתֶּם Ez 45:20; Impf. יְכַפֵּר Ex 30:10 + 10 times; יְכַפֶּר־ Lv 7:7 Nu 5:8; sf. יְכַפְּרֶנָּה Pr 16:14; 1 s. אֲכַפֵּר 2 S 21:3; אֲכַפְּרָה Gn 32:21 Ex 32:30, etc.; Imv. כַּפֵּר Dt 21:8 + 4 times; Inf. כַּפֵּר Ex 30:15 + 28 times; sfs. כַּפְּרִי Ez 16:63; כַּפֶּרְךָ Ex 29:36; כַּפְּרָהּ Is 47:11;— 1. cover over, pacify, propitiate; אֲכַפְּרָה פָנָיו בַּמִּנְחָה Gn 32:21 let me cover over his face by the present (so that he does not see the offence, i.e. pacify him; E; RSOTJC, 2d ed., 381 ‘wipe clean the face,’ blackened by displeasure, as the Arabs says ‘whiten the face’); וְתִפֹּל עָלַיִךְ הֹוָה לֹא תוּכְלִי כַּפְּרָהּ Is 47:11 and disaster will fall upon thee, thou wilt not be able to propitiate it (by payment of a כֹּפֶר, see Is 43:3); pacify the wrath of a king Pr 16:14 (e.g. by a gift). 2. cover over, atone for sin, without sacrifice: a. man as subj., בַּמָּה אֲכַפֵּר 2 S 21:3, with what shall I cover over (viz. the bloodguiltiness of the house of Saul, says David. The answer is by a death penalty of seven sons of the guilty house); בְּעַד חטאתכם Ex 32:30 on behalf of your sins (JE; Moses, by intercession); c. על of persons Nu 17:11, 12 (P; by incense), 25:13 (P when Phinehas slays the ringleaders). b. with God as subj., c. acc. pers., cover, i.e. treat as covered, view propitiously, Yahweh’s land Dt 32:43 (song); לְ pers. Dt 21:8 (bloodguiltiness flows away in the stream), Ez 16:63; בְּעַד of person 2 Ch 30:18; c. acc. of the sin ψ 65:4; 78:38, prob. also Dn 9:24 (‖ ח֯תם חטאת; עַל of sin, ψ 79:9 Je 18:23 (‖ מחה). It is conceived that God in his sovereignty may himself provide an atonement or covering for men and their sins which could not be provided by men. 3. cover over, atone for sin and persons by legal rites, in the codes of H, P, and Ez: abs. וכ׳ הַכֹּהֵן and the priest shall make atonement Lv 16:32; a. c. acc. of sacred places (by the great sin-offering of the day of atonement), Lv 16:20, 33(×2); also Ez 43:20, 26; 45:20 (by the blood of the sin-offering ‖ חִטֵּא, טִהַר). b. usually c. עַל (1) of things, e.g. of the altar to which the blood of the sin-offering was applied Ex 29:36, 37; 30:10; Lv 8:15 (‖ קִדַּשׁ), 16:18; and specifically the horns of the altar Ex 30:10 the holy place of the tabernacle Lv 16:16 (by the great sin-offering, because of (מִן) the uncleannesses of the children of Israel and because of their transgressions); for the leprous house by ceremony of purification Lv 14:53 (‖ טִהַר); for the goat לעזאזל Lv 16:10 (which was presented before Yahweh to consecrate him for the bearing away of the sins of the people). (2) of persons, על־נפשׁתיכם, for your persons, yourselves, e.g. by the payment of atonement-money כֶּסֶף הַכִּפֻּרִים at the census Ex 30:15, 16; by the קרבן of the spoils Nu 31:50; by the blood upon the altar Lv 17:11; in the ritual עֲלֵיהֶם, עָלָיו by ministry of priest through the blood of the sin-offering Lv 4:20, 31; 8:34; 10:17; 12:7, 8; 14:19, 31; 16:30, 33; 23:28; Nu 8:12, 21; 15:25, 28(×2); 28:22, 30; 29:5; 2 Ch 29:24 Ne 10:34; of the trespass-offering Lv 5:16, 18, 26; 7:7; 14:21; 19:22; Nu 5:8; the whole burnt-offering Lv 1:4; 14:20; 16:24; by the oil used in purifying a leper Lv 14:18, 29; by the תרומה Ez 45:15; by the priestly ministry in general 1 Ch 6:34; by the substitution of the Levites for the firstborn Nu 8:19. Underlying all these offerings there is the conception that the persons offering are covered by that which is regarded as sufficient and satisfactory by Yahweh. (The purpose of the covering is stated Lv 16:30 יְכַפֵּר עֲלֵיכֶם לְטַהֵר אֶתְכֶם מִכֹּל חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם לִפְנֵי י׳ תִּטְחָ֑רוּ = shall atonement be made for you to cleanse you, from all your sins shall ye be clean before Yahweh, and Nu 8:21 וַיְכַפֵּר עֲלֵיהֶם לְטַהֲרָם and (Aaron) made atonement for them to cleanse them.) c. the need of the atonement is expressed by מִן: others understand מִן as = away from; cf. Di Lv 4:26, RiSühne 50 f.. מֵחטאתו because of his sin Lv 4:26; 5:6, 10; 16:34; מטמאתו Lv 14:19; 16:16; מזוב Lv 15:15, 30; מֵאֲשֶׁר חָטָא Nu 6:11; also עַל, עַל־חַטָּאתוֹ on account of his sin Lv 4:35; 5:13; 19:22; על־שׁגגתוֹ Lv 5:18. d. c. בְּ instr. בְּאֵיל Lv 5:16; 19:22; Nu 5:8; with a trespass-offering Lv 7:7; כִּי־הַדָּם הוּא בַּנֶּפֶשׁ יְכַפֵּר Lv 17:11 for it is the blood with the living being that covers over (H, see נפשׁ 3 (a); RV by reason of the life after De Di Kn Bähr Kau and most moderns; AV follows 𝔊 𝔙 𝔗, so Ges Ew§ 282 a. Anm. 1: ‘for the soul’); c. בְּ loc. בַּקֹּדֶשׁ Lv 6:23; 16:17, 27 e. c. בַּעַד pers., on behalf of Lv 9:7(×2); 16:6, 11, 17, 24 (by Aaron), Ez 45:17 (by the prince). Pu Pf. כֻּפַּר Ex 29:33 Is 28:18 (but read תֻּפַר,—√ I. פרר,—so 𝔗 Hu We Che SS al. v. BrMP 209); Impf. יְכֻפַּר Nu 35:33; + 3 times; 3 fs. תְּכֻפָּ֑ר Is 6:7 be covered over, atoned for. 1. apart from the ritual, חטאתך תכפר Is 6:7 thy sin shall be covered over (‖ וְסָר עֲוֹנֶךָ; by the touch of the live coal from the altar); אִם־יְכֻפַּר הֶעָוֹן הַזֶּה לָכֶם Is 22:14 surely this iniquity shall not be covered over for you; c. בְּ instr. בזאת יכפר עון Is 27:9 by this shall the iniquity of Jacob be covered over (‖ הסר חטאתו; namely by the destruction of idolatrous objects); בחסד ואמת יכפר עון Pr 16:6 by mercy and fidelity iniquity is covered over. 2. c. לְ for whom, לארץ לא יכפר לדם Nu 35:33 for the land atonement cannot be made, in view of the blood shed in it, except by the blood of the shedder of blood; in the ritual of P, c. בְּ instr. אֲשֶׁר כֻּפַּר בָּהֶם Ex 29:33 wherewith atonement was made (ram of consecration). Hithp. Impf. יִתְכַּפֵּר 1 S 3:14; c. בְּ instr. אִם־יִתְכַּפֵּר עֲוֹן בֵּית־עֵלִי בְּזֶבַח וּבְמִנְחָה the iniquity of the house of Eli shall not be covered by peace-offering or minchah (in other words there was no atonement for it; cf. Pu Is. 22:14). Nithp. (Ges§ 55, 9 Pf. וְנִכַּפֵּר לָהֶם הַדָּם Dt 21:8 and the blood shall be covered for them.
† טָהֵר vb. be clean, pure (Arabic طَهَرَ, طَهُرَ id.; NH id., Pi. make or declare ceremonially clean; Aramaic טְהַר emptiness, טִיהֲרָא brightness; Sab. טהר Hal 682; Ethiopic አጥሀረ, ተጣሀረ purify, wash oneself with water)— Qal Pf. ט׳ Lv 11:32 + 12 times; 3 fs. טָֽהֲרָה Lv 12:7; 15:28; טָהֵ֑רָה Lv 12:8 etc., + 5 times Pf.; Impf. יִטְהַר Lv 15:13 Jb 4:17 etc., + 9 times Impf.; Imv. טְהָ֑ר 2 K 5:10, 13;— 1. be clean, i.e. (miraculously) freed from leprosy by washing in the Jordan 2 K 5:10, 12, 13, 14. 2. be clean ceremonially (only H P), Lv 15:13, 28(×2) (P), 22:4 (H); by washing with water, the flesh Lv 22:7 (H); garments Lv 13:6, 34, 58 Nu 31:24 (all P); both flesh and garments Lv 17:5 (H), 14:8, 9; 15:13 Nu 19:19 (all P); other articles Lv 11:32 (P); passing things through the fire Nu 31:23 (P); offering sin-offerings Lv 12:7, 8; 14:20 (P); by the ceremony of the two birds Lv 14:53 (P); by ashes of red heifer Nu 19:12(×2) (P). 3. be clean morally, of people, made clean by י׳’s scattering clean water upon them Ez 36:25; of Jerus., specif. made clean from idolatry, under fig. of adultery Je 13:27; also sq. מִן Ez 24:13(×2) (purification by י׳); made clean מִכָּל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם Lv 16:30 (P; by the sin-offering of the atonement day); also of the individual, be clean מֵחַטָּאוֹת Pr 20:9 (‖ זכה); become clean by use of hyssop ψ 51:9 (‖ אַלְבִּין); more generally אִם־מֵעֹשֵׂהוּ יִטְהַר־גָּ֑בֶר Jb 4:17 shall a man be more pure than his maker? (‖ יִצְדָּ֑ק). Pi. Pf. טִהַר Lv 13:3 + 4 times; sf. טִהֲרוֹ Lv 13:6 + 5 times; 2 ms. טִהַרְתָּ Nu 8:6, 15 etc. + 7 times Pf.; Impf. יְטַהֵר 2 Ch 34:5 etc. + 4 times Impf.; Imv. sf. טַהֲרֵנִי ψ 51:4; Inf. cstr. טַהֵר Ez 39:12 + 5 times; sf. טַהֲרִי Ez 36:33 etc. + 4 times Inf.; Pt. מְטַחֵר Lv 14:11 Mal 3:3;—chiefly P; 1. cleanse, purify: a. physically, metals from dross Mal 3:3; land from corpses Ez 39:12, 14, 16; heavens from clouds Jb 37:21; temple from unclean things 2 Ch 29:15, 16, 18; land and city from Asherim and images 2 Ch 34:3, 5, 8; store-chambers of temple from household stuff Ne 13:9; priesthood by exclusion of alien blood Ne 13:30. b. ceremonially, the altar of incense by the blood of the annual sin-offering Lv 16:19 (P); the people, gates, and wall (by some undefined ceremony) Ne 12:30; the altar of the court by the blood of sin-offerings Ez 43:26; of consecration of Levites by מֵי חטאת Nu 8:6, 7 (P), and חטאת Nu 8:15, 21 (P). c. morally Lv 16:30 (P), Ez 37:23 Mal 3:3; מֵחַטָּאֹת ψ 51:4; מֵעונ(ות) Je 33:8 Ez 36:33; מִטּמא(ו)ת Ez 24:13; 36:25. 2. pronounce clean, ceremonially Lv 13:6, 13, 17, 23, 28, 34, 37, 59; 14:7, 48 (all P). 3. perform the ceremony of cleansing Lv 14:11 (P). Pu. Pf. 3 ms. טֹהַר 1 S 20:26 (so read for MT טהור 𝔊 We Dr, he is not clean, because he hath not been cleansed); Pt. אֶרֶץ לֹא מְטֹהָרָה a land not cleansed Ez 22:24 (but 𝔊 Hi Ew Co SS read a land not rained upon, v. מטר). Hithp. Pf. 3 pl. הִטָּֽהֲרוּ Ezr 6:20; הִטֶּהָ֑רוּ (Köi 271) 2 Ch 30:18; Nu 8:7; 1 pl. הִטַּהַרְנוּ Jos 22:17; Impf. יִטָּֽהֲרוּ Ne 12:30; Imv. הִטָּֽהֲרוּ Gn 35:2; Pt. מִטַּהֵר Lv 14:7 + 11 times; pl. מִטַּהֲרִים Ne 13:22 Is 66:17;—reflexive: 1. purify oneself: a. ceremonially, especially in preparation for sacred duties Gn 35:2 (R), Nu 8:7 2 Ch 30:18 Ezr 6:20 Ne 13:22; also for heathen mysteries Is 66:17; of purifying priests, people, and wall Ne 12:30 (cf. Pi. 1 b). b. morally Jos 22:17 (P). 2. present oneself for purification, only pt. הַמִּטַּהֵר the candidate for purificaion Lv 14:4, 7, 8, 11, 14, 17, 18, 19, 25, 28, 29, 31 (P).
תָּמִים91 adj. complete, sound;—ת׳ Gn 6:9 +; f. תְּמִימָה Lv 3:9 +; cstr. תְּמִים Jb 36:4; 37:16; pl. תְּמִימִים Ez 43:25 +; תְּמִימֹת Lv 23:15; cstr. תְּמִימֵי ψ 119:1 Pr 11:20;— †1. complete, whole, entire, Jb 36:4 תְּמִים דֵעוֹת, 37:16. 2. whole, sound, healthful, of men Pr 1:12 (‖ חַיִּים); vine Ez 15:5; usually of sacrif. animals, P; Ex 12:5 + 40 times, so Ez 43:22 + 10 times †3. complete, entire, of time: day Jos 10:13; year Lv 25:30; sabbaths 23:15. †4. sound, wholesome, unimpaired, innocent, having integrity: of God’s way ψ 18:31 = 2 S 22:31; work Dt 32:4; law ψ 19:8; elsewhere of man Gn 6:9 17:1 (P; both ‖ אלהים (לִפְנֵי) הִתְהַלֵּךְ אֵת); ת׳ עם י׳ Dt 18:13 ψ 18:24, c. ל in ‖ 2 S 22:24; often c. דֶרֶךְ way: דֶּרֶךְ ת׳ ψ 101:2; ת׳ בִּדְרָכֶ֫יךָ Ez 28:15; תְּמִימֵי דָ֑רֶךְ Pr 11:20 ψ 119:1; וַיַּתֵּר ת׳ דרכו֯ 2 S 22:23 ‖ וַיִּתֵּן ת׳ דַּרְכִּי ψ 18:33; הלך בדרך ת׳ 101:6; דֶּרֶךְ om., הלך תמים, Pr 28:18 ψ 15:2; לב ת׳ 119:80; = noun (late), man of integrity Pr 11:5 Jb 12:4; pl. Pr 2:21; 28:10 ψ 37:18. †5. as neuter adj. = subst. what is complete, entirely in accord with truth and fact: דֹּבֵר ת׳ Am 5:10; אִם־בֶּאֱמֶת וּבְת׳ עֲשִׂיתֶם Ju 9:16, 19; עִבְדוּ י׳ בְּת׳ וּבֶאֱמֶת Jos 24:14 (E); integrity גְּבַר ת׳ ψ 18:26 (cstr. Ges§ 93 s; ‖ 2 S 22:26 גִּבּוֹר), 84:12; הֹלְכִים בְּת׳.—1 S 14:41 v. תֹּם²" dir="rtl" >תֹּם 4.
πληρ-όω, 3rd.pers. plural imperfect ἐπληροῦσαν cited by Refs 5th c.BC+: future -ώσω: perfect πεπλήρωκα, Aeolic dialect participle πεπληρώκων Refs —middle, future πληρώσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐπληρωσάμην Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, future -ωθήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+; future middle in passive sense, Refs 5th c.BC+:—make full: __I with genitive of things, fill full of, λάρνακας λίθων Refs 5th c.BC+; κρατῆρα, πίστρα (i.e. οἴνου), Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be filled full, τινος of a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 fill full of food, gorge, satiate, βορᾶς ψυχὴν ἐπλήρουν Refs 5th c.BC+ glut one's rage, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be filled full of, satisfied, δαιτὸς -ωθείς Refs 5th c.BC+; φόβου, ἐλπίδος, etc., LXX+5th c.BC+ __I.3 π. τὴν χεῖρά τινος consecrate,LXX __II rarely with dative, fill with, πεύκαισιν.. χέρας πληροῦντες Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, πνεύμασιν -ούμενοι filled with breath, NT+4th c.BC+ __III without any modal case, π. νέας man ships, Refs 5th c.BC+; πληροῦτε θωρακεῖα man the breastworks, Refs 4th c.BC+:—middle, τριήρη πληρωσάμενος Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 impregnate, [τὰ θήλεα] Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive Refs __III.3 make full or complete, τοὺς δέκα μῆνας Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τοὺς χρόνους, τὸν ἐνιαυτόν, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.:—middle, τὰ πάντα ἐν πᾶσι π. NT:— passive, of the moon, to be full, NT+5th c.BC+ let the figure be completed, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III.4 π. δικαστήρια fill them, Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, δικαστήριον πεπληρωμένον ἐκ τούτων Refs 4th c.BC+ __III.5 render, pay in full, τροφεῖα πληρώσει χθονί Refs; π. τὴν χρείαν supply it, make it good, Refs 5th c.BC+: with double accusative, ἵνα πληρώσῃς αὐτοὺς τὴν τιμήν Refs 4th c.AD+, etc.: absolutely, Refs __III.6 fulfil, τὸ χρεών (destiny) Refs 1st c.AD+; τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν, τὰς ὑποσχέσεις, Refs 2nd c.AD+; execute, perform, τὰ προσταχθέντα Refs 3rd c.AD+:—passive, λαμπαδηφόρων νόμοι.. διαδοχαῖς πληρούμενοι fully observed, Refs 4th c.BC+; to be fulfilled, of prophecy, NT __III.7 ἐς ἄγγος.. βακχίου μέτρημα πληρώσαντες having poured wine into the vessel till it was full, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, assemble, muster, πληρουμένης τῆς ἐκκλησίας Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.8 fill up a document, Refs 6th c.AD+ —passive Refs __IV intransitive, ἡ [ὁδὸς] πληροῖ ἐς τὸν ἀριθμὸν τοῦτον the length of road comes in full to this number, Refs 5th c.BC+
מַעֲנִית ψ 129:3 Qr v. foregoing.
† רָכַב vb. mount and ride, ride (NH = BH; Assyrian rakâbu, Arabic رَكِبَ,, Aramaic רְכֵיב, ܪܟܶܒ, all id.; cf. Zinj. רכב war-chariot, n.pr. div. רכבאל (Cook108); Sab. רכבהו = his rider MordtmHim. Inschr. 25 (of horse; but his trappings CISiv. no. 306, 5); Ethiopic ረከበ: is attain, acquire);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ Est 6:8; 2 ms. רָכַבְתָּ Nu 22:30; 3 pl. רָֽכְבוּ 1 S 30:17; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְכַּב Lv 15:9, etc.; Imv. ms. רְכַב ψ 45:5; Inf. cstr. לִרְכֹּב 2 S 16:2 2 K 4:24; Pt. act. רֹכֵב abs. Nu 22:22 +, cstr. Am 2:15; sf. רֹכְבוֹ Gn 49:17 +; fs. abs. רֹכֶ֫בֶת 1 S 25:30; mpl. רֹכְבִים 2 K 9:25 +, etc.;— 1. mount, mount and sit, or ride, c. עַל of camel Gn 24:61 (J), 1 S 30:17, of ass (חֲמוֹר) 1 S 25:42; 25:20 2 S 16:2 (עַל obj. om.), 19:27 1 K 13:13, of mule (פֶּרֶד) 2 S 13:29; abs. of mounting (and riding in) chariot 1 K 18:45 2 K 9:16. 2. ride, be riding, c. עַל of mule (פֶּרֶד) 2 S 18:9, of ass, אָתוֹן Nu 22:22 (J), so (עַל obj. om.) 2 K 4:24, of חֲמוֹר Zc 9:9, of horse Zc 1:8; c. עַל־מֶרְכָּב (v מ׳) Lv 15:9; c. ב of animal (בְּהֵמָה) Ne 2:12; ב of chariotry and horses Je 17:25 = 22:4; abs. (perhaps in chariot) ψ 45:5 ride on! ride (habitually) c. עַל of אָתוֹן Nu 22:30 (J), of עֲיָרִים Ju 10:4; 12:14, of סוּם Ho 14:4 (fig. of alliance with Egypt), Je 6:23; 50:42 Est 6:8, Hb 3:8 (fig. of י׳; poss. add sf. ref. to יָם, cf. Dt 33:26), עַל־קַל (‖ סוּם) Is 30:16; of י׳, עַל־כְּרוּב 2 S 22:11 = ψ 18:11, עַל־עָב קַל Is 19:1, c. acc. שָׁמַיִם ride through Dt 33:26, but also c. ב loc. in, through, ψ 68:5, 34. 3. pt. רֹכֵב etc., as subst., rider: רֹכְבֵי אֲתֹנוֹת Ju 5:10; ר׳ (ה)סוּם Am 2:15 2 K 9:18, 19 Ez 23:23; 38:15 Zc 10:5, so (appos. פָּרָשִׁים) Ez 23:6, 12; sf. of סוּם Gn 49:17 Ex 15:1, 21 Je 51:21a Zc 12:4 Jb 39:18 Hg 2:22b; עַל of סוּם 2 K 18:23 = Is 36:8; רֹכְבֵי רֶכֶשׁ Est 8:10, 14; sf. of chariot Je 51:21 b Hg 2:22. Hiph. Pf. 2 ms. הִרְכַּבְתָּ ψ 66:12, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּרְכֵּב Gn 41:43 2 K 13:16, sf. יַרְכִּבֵהוּ Dt 32:13, etc.; Imv. ms. הַרְכֵּב 2 K 13:16;— 1. cause to (mount and) ride: c. acc. pers. + עַל of חֲמוֹר Ex 4:20 (J), of פִּרְדָּה 1 K 1:33, 38, 44, of סוּם Est 6:9, cf. (עַל־סוּם om.) v 11; c. acc. pers. + ב of chariot Gn 41:43 (E), 2 K 10:16; ב of chariot om. 2 K 9:28; 23:30 = (c. עֶל־רֶכֶב) 2 Ch 35:24; fig. Jb 30:22 (sc. on the wind); c. acc. rei + אֶל־עֲגָלָה 2 S 6:3 = 1 Ch 13:7; fig., c. acc. pers. + עַל loc. (על־במותי ארץ) Dt 32:13 so Is 58:14, + לְרֹאשֵׁנוּ ψ 66:12 over our heads. 2. cause to draw (plough, etc.) Ho 10:11, obj. Ephr. under fig. of heifer. 3. fig. (עַל־הַקֶשֶׁת) הַרְכֵּב יָֽדְךָ 2 K 13:16(×2) cause hand to ride upon (grasp) bow.
† [אָסַר] vb. tie, bind, imprison (Arabic أَسَرَ, Assyrian asâru, cf. COTGloss, Aramaic אֲסַר, ܐܶܣܰܪ, Ethiopic አሰረ, አሠረ )— Qal Pf. sf. אֲסָרָם Jb 36:13; 3 fs. אָֽסְרָה Nu 30:5 +, etc.; Impf. יֶאְסֹר 1 K 20:14; וַיֶּאֱסֹר Gn 42:24; וַיֶּאְסֹר Gn 46:29 +; pl. sf. יַאַסְרֻנִי Ju 16:7 etc.; Imv. אֱסֹר 1 K 18:44; 2 K 9:21; אִסְרוּ Je 46:4 ψ 118:27; Inf. abs. אָסֹר Ju 15:13; אָסוֹר 16:11; cstr. לֶאְסֹר Nu 30:3 +; לֶאֱסוֹר Ju 15:10; לֶאֱסָרְךָ 15:12; אָסֳּרָם Ho 10:10; Pt. act. cstr. אֹסְרִי Gn 49:11; pass. אָסוּר Gn 40:3 +; pl. אֲסוּרִים 39:20 +; also Ju 16:21, 25 Qr (Kt אסירים); הָ��וּרִים Ec 4:14 (cf. Now); אֲסֻרוֹת 2 S 3:34; cstr. אסורי Gn 39:20; Kt (Qr אֲסִירֵי);— 1. tie, bind, for security, foal to vine (sq. ל) Gn 49:11 (blessing of Jacob); horses and asses 2 K 7:10(×2); ψ 118:27 is dub. De bind the festal victim with cords; Che bind the procession with branches, etc. 2. tie, harness, kine to (ב) cart 1 S 6:7, 10; so (metaph.) Ho 10:10 harness them to (ל) their two iniquities (but Jer Ew Now make א׳ here = יסר chastise, cf. אֶסֳּרֵם v a); also sq. acc. chariot Gn 46:29 (J) Ex 14:6 (E) 2 K 9:21; abs. 1 K 18:44 2 K 9:21; even of making ready chargers א׳ הַסּוּסִים Je 46:4 (‖ עֲלוּ הַפָּרָשִׁים). 3. bind, with cords, fetters, etc., as prisoner, Simeon Gn 42:24 (E), Samson Ju 15:10, 12, 13(×3); 16:5, 7, 8, 11(×2), 12; א׳ בַּנְחֻשְׁתַּיִם 2 K 25:7 = 2 Ch 36:6 = Je 39:7; 52:11; also 2 Ch 33:11; cf. (without בַּנ׳) 2 K 17:4 (א׳ בֵּית כֶּלֶא ‖ עָצַר), 23:33; cf. of divine chastisement Jb 36:13 & v. also Ez 3:25 ψ 149:8; fig. of absolute authority ψ 105:22; especially Pt. pass. 2 S 3:34 thy hands were not bound (‖ and thy feet not put in fetters); א׳ בָּאֿזִקִּים Je 40:1 cf. א׳ בַּזִּקִּים Jb 36:8 (prob. fig. ‖ חַבְלֵי־עֹ֑נִי); metaph. of king held captive by a woman’s tresses Ct 7:6; perhaps = imprisoned (whether bound or not) Gn 39:20; 40:3, 5 (all JE); as subst. pl. prisoners Gn 39:20 (Kt, v. supr.); so (late) as distressed, & obj. of divine compassion Is 49:9; 61:1 ψ 146:7; בֵּית האסיר֯ים prison Ju 16:21, 25; cf. Ec 4:14. 4. gird (rare & late) א׳ אֵזוֹר בְּמָתְנֵיהֶם Jb 12:18 (אֵזוֹר = slaves’ waistcloth, RS p. 25 supr.; Hoffm reads וַ��ָּסַר for וַיֶּאְסֹר); חַרְבּוֹ אֲסוּרִים עַל־מָתְנָיו Ne 4:12. 5. sq. מִלְחָמָה begin the battle, make the attack (cf. Germ. mit jemandem anbinden) 1 K 20:14 2 Ch 13:3. 6. fig. of obligation of oath or vow (only Nu 30, P) א׳ עַל־נֶפֶשׁ, usually sq. acc. cogn. אֱסָר, אִסָּר Nu 30:3, 5(×2), 6, 8, 9, 11, 12; without אֱסָר etc., v 7, 10; cf. v 4 א׳ אִסָּר (עַל־נֶפֶשׁ om.) Niph. pass. of Qal 3, be bound, imprisoned, Impf. (juss.) יֵאָסֵר Gn 42:19 (E); 2 ms. תֵּאָסֵר Ju 16:6, 10, 13 (of Samson); Imv. הֵאָֽסְרוּ Gn 42:16 (E). Pu. Pf. be taken prisoner אֻסְּרוּ Is 22:3; אֻסָּ֑רוּ ib.
רָחַץ72 vb. wash, wash off, away, bathe (NH = BH; Arabic رَحَضَ (also of garments); Ethiopic ርሕፀ:, ረሐፀ:, sweat; cf. Assyrian raḫâṣu, overflow, flood (on ḫ = ح v. NöZMG xi (1886), 727));— Qal69 Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ Is 4:4 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְחַץ Dt 23:12 + etc.; Imv. ms. רְחַץ 2 S 11:8; 2 K 5:13; mpl. רַחֲצוּ Gn 18:4 +; Inf. cstr. רְחֹץ Gn 24:32 +, לְרָחְצָה Ex 30:18 +; Pt. fs. רֹחֶ֫צֶת 2 S 11:2, fpl. רֹחֲצוֹת Ct 5:12;— 1. trans. wash (with water), c. acc. feet (רגלים; בַּמַּיִם often expr.), Gn 18:4; 19:2; 24:32; 43:24 (all J), Ju 19:21; 1 S 25:41; 2 S 11:8; Ct 5:3; יִר׳ פְּעָמָיו בְּדַם הָרָשָׁע ψ 58:11 (fig. of righteous, at י׳’s vengeance); c. acc. hands (יָדַיִם) Dt 21:6 (+ עַל over, in ceremonial, to express innocence), hence fig. אֶר׳ כַּפַּי בְּנִקָּיוֹן ψ 26:6; 73:13; hands and feet Ex 30:19 (+ מִן of laver), v 21; 40:31 (+ מִן id.; all P); c. acc. face (פָּנָיו) Gn 43:31 (J); c. acc. pers. Ez 16:9; Ex 29:4; 40:12; Lv 8:6 (all P), acc. בְּשָׂרוֹ (often ‖ כבּס of garments), Lv 14:9; 15:13 + 9 times P (H); c. acc. of parts of sacrificial victim Ex 29:17; Lv 1:9, 13; 8:21; 9:14; wash off, away, c. acc. of filth Is 4:4 (fig.). 2. intrans. wash, bathe (oneself): Ex 2:5 (E), 2 S 11:2; 12:20 1 K 22:38; 2 K 5:10, 12, 13; Is 1:16; Ez 23:40 (+ ל pers. of whom), Ru 3:3; Lv 14:8 + 14 times P (often ‖ כבּס); + ב of laver 2 Ch 4:6(×2); of eyes, bathed in milk (בֶּחָלָב) Ct 5:12 (fig.); Jb 29:6 (fig.), v. הָלִיךְ" dir="rtl" >הָלִיךְ. †Pu. Pf. 3 ms. רֻחָ֑ץ Pr 30:12 be washed (+ מִן of filth, fig.); 2 fs. בְּמַיִם לֹא רֻחַצְתְּ Ez 16:4 (in fig.). †Hithp. Pf. 1 s. הִתְרָחַצְתִּי במו שׁלג Jb 9:30 if I washed myself in snow (fig.).
מֵעִם72 from with or beside (= παρὰ with a gen.: cf. מֵאֵת): hence a. after verbs of departing, taking, removing, etc., Gn 13:14 אַחֲרֵי הִפָּרֶד־לוֹט מֵעִמּוֹ, 26:16 לֵךְ מֵעִמָּנוּ, 1 S 10:2, 9; 14:17 מי הלך מעמנו, 2 S 1:2; 1 S 16:14 ורוח י׳ סרה מעם שׁאול, 18:12; 2 K 2:9 בטרם אֶלָּקַח מעמך; 2 S 15:28 עַד בּוֹא דָבָר מֵעִמָּכֶם; of heart turning מעם י׳ Dt 29:17; 1 K 11:9; after שׁאל to ask, Ex 22:13; Dt 10:12 מה י׳ שֹׁאֵל מֵעִמָּ֑ךְ, 1 S 1:17; 20:23 (Niph.), Is 7:11 +; דרשׁ to require, Dt 18:19; 23:22; 1 K 14:5 (to inquire); יצא מֵעִם פרעה from (being) with Ph. Ex 8:8, 25, 26; 9:33 +: cf. 2 S 3:26; 1 S 18:13 ויסירהו שׁאול מעמו; and מֵעִם פְּנֵי Gn 44:29; Jb 1:12. †Sq. a word denoting a place, Gn 48:12 וַיּוֹצֵא יוֹסֵף אֹתָם מֵעִם בִּרְכָּיו, Ex 21:14 מֵעִם מִזְבְּחִי (cf. 1 S 2:33), Ju 9:37 מֵעִם טַבּוּר הארץ, 1 S 20:34 מֵעִם הַשֻּׁלְחָן; Jb 28:4 מֵעִם גָּר away from, far from (si vera l.). †b. Gn 24:27 אשׁר לא עזב חסדו מעם אֲדֹנִי (cf. with הכרית 1 S 20:15, הסיר 2 S 7:15; 1 Ch 17:13 (‖ 2 S 7:15 מן), הפיר ψ 89:34); Ru 4:10 לֹא־יִכָּרֵת שֵׁם מֵעִם. †c. From the possession, or custody, of (cf. עִם 3 b, c): so with גזל Gn 31:31, ערב to take in pledge 44:32, גנב Ex 22:11, יצא (subj. a slave; cf. עם 3 a) Lv 25:41 Dt 15:16 (cf. with שִׁלַּח חָפְשִׁי Dt 15:12, 13, 18; Je 34:14, הִנָּצֵל Dt 23:16), לקח 2 S 3:15, קנה 24:21. †d. Expressing origination or authorship: 1 S 20:7 כִּי כָֽלְתָה הָרָעָה מֵעִמּוֹ, v 9, 33 (cf. מֵאֵת Est 7:17); especially of י׳ (cf. מֵאֵת c), Gn 41:32 נָכוֹן הַדָּבָר מֵעִם הא׳ is established from, on the part of, God, 1 K 2:33 שׁלום … מעם י׳, 12:15 (2 Ch 10:15) כִי הָֽיְתָה סִבָּה מעם י׳, Is 8:18 signs and portents מעם י׳, 28:29 גם זאת מעם י׳ יצאה, 29:6 ψ 121:2 עֶזְרִי מעם י׳, Ru 2:12. And of a judgment proceeding from any one: 2 S 3:28 נקי מעם י׳ = pronounced guiltless by י׳, Jb 34:33 הֲמֵעִמְּךָ at thy judgment shall he requite? (cf. מִן 2 d end).
[פָּלָא71] vb. denom. Niph. etc., be surpassing, extraordinary (cf. Gerber 212);— Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִפְלָאת ψ 118:23 (Ges§ 44 f); נִפְלְאַ֫תָה 2 S 1:26 (Köi. 610 f., 614 Ges§ 7500); 3 pl. נִפְלְאוּ Pr 30:18; Impf. יִפָּלֵא Dt 17:8 + 6 times; Pt. mpl. נִפְלָאִים ψ 139:14; fs. נִפְלֵאת Dt 30:11; pl. נִפְלָאוֹת Jos 3:5 +; sf. נִפְלְאֹתַי Ex 3:20, etc.;— †1. be beyond one’s power, difficult to do, לעשׂות 2 S 13:2; בְּעֵינֵי פ׳ Zc 8:6(×2); c. מן pers. too difficult for Dt 30:11, for י׳ Gn 18:14 (J) Je 32:17, 27. †2. be difficult to understand; c. מן pers. too difficult for ψ 131:1; Pr 30:18; Jb 42:3, to decide Dt 17:8. Especially †3. a. be extraordinary, wonderful, 2 S 1:26 ψ 119:18; of God’s acts, נ׳ בְּעֵינֵינוּ 118:23, cf. 139:14. b. Pt. as subst. marvellous things Jb 37:14 (acts of God), Dn 11:36 (presumptuous words); as adv. wondrously Jb 37:5; Dn 8:24. 4. נִפְלָאוֹת = wonderful acts of י׳ in judgment and redemption, Ex 3:20 (J) Ju 6:13; Je 21:2 1 Ch 16:9, 24 ψ 9:2; 26:7 + 15 times ψψ; also עשׂה נ׳ Ex 34:10; Jos 3:5 (J) Jb 5:9 = 9:10, + 9 times Chr ψψ; הראה נ׳ Mi 7:15 ψ 78:11. †Pi. Inf. cstr. לְפַלֵּא נֶדֶר make a special votive offering, Lv 22:21 Nu 15:3, 8 (P). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִפְלִיא ψ 31:22; 2 Ch 26:15; הִפְלִא Is 28:29; וְהִפְלָא consec. Dt 28:59 (Ges§ 7500); Impf. יַפְלִא Lv 27:2; Nu 6:2; Inf. abs. הַפְלֵא Is 29:14; 2 Ch 2:8; cstr. הַפְלִיא Is 29:14; Jo 2:26; Pt. מַפְלִא Ju 13:19;— 1. do a hard or difficult thing: הפ׳ (לִנְדֹּר) נֶדֶר make a hard vow Lv 27:2; Nu 6:2 (cf. Pi.). 2. make wonderful, do wondrously: of God, הפ׳ מַכּוֹת make plagues wonderful (exceptional), Dt 28:59; הפ׳ עֵצָה Is 28:29 make counsel wondrous, 29:14 do wonderfully with people, + הַפְלֵא וָפֶלֶא; עשׂה עמכם לה׳ Jo 2:26 dealt with you doing wondrously; הפ׳ חַסְדּוֹ לִי ψ 31:22; הפ׳ לְהֵעָזֵר 2 Ch 26:15 did marvellously in receiving help; of the temple גָּדוֹל וְהַפְלֵא 2 Ch 2:8 (KöSynt. § 318 e). 3. of God, מַפְלִא לעשׂות Ju 13:19 working wonders in doing. †Hithp. Impf. תִּתְפַּלָּא בִי Jb 10:16 thou dost shew thyself marvellous (act inexplicably) against me.
תָּקַע67 vb. thrust, clap, give a blow, blast (NH id.; J.Aram תְּקַע strike, blow horn; Ethiopic ጠቅዐ blow trumpet);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ת׳ Gn 31:25 +, 1 s. וְתָקַעְתִּ֫י Ju 7:18, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּתְקַע 3:27 +, sf. וַיִּתְקָעֵהוּ Ex 10:19, etc.; Imv. mpl. תִּקְעוּ Ho 5:8 +; Inf. abs. תָּקוֹעַ Jos 6:9, 13; cstr. לִתְקוֹעַ Ju 7:20, כִּת׳ Is 18:3; Pt. act. תֹּקֵעַ Pr 17:13 +, etc.; pass. f. תְּקוּעָה Is 22:25;— 1. thrust, drive, weapon (acc.) into (ב) a person Ju 3:21; 4:21; 2 S 18:14, peg into (ב) sthg. Is 22:23, 25 (cf. Ju 4:21); hence pitch a tent (acc.), i.e. drive its pegs: Gn 31:25a; Je 6:3 (+ עַל against, in fig.), acc. om. Gn 31:25b; thrust, drive, beat (strands of hair together) בַּיָּתֵד Ju 16:14, ins. also v 13 (so 𝔊; cf. GFMComm. and paos Oct. 1889, 176 ff.); thrust, drive locusts seaward (ה loc.), Ex 10:19 (J); cf. ת׳ בְּ 1 S 31:10 of fastening bodies to wall, and similarly 1 Ch 10:10 (but read in both הוֹקִיעוּ, √ יקע Lag We Dr and mod.). 2. give a blast, blow (Germ. ‘stossen’), c. ב of instr. (usually horn or clarion) Jos 6:4, 8, 9, 13(×2), 16, 20 (JE), Ju 3:27; 6:34; 7:18(×2), 19, 20 + 14 times, + Nu 10:3, 4, 8, 10 (P; v. חֲצֹצְרָה), also Ez 7:14 (v. תָּקוֹעַ infr.); ת׳ alone Ju 7:20 Nu 10:7 (P; opp. חֵרִיעַ sound an alarm), c. acc. תְּרוּעָה v 5, 6(×2) (P; v. חֲצֹצְרָה); c. acc. of instrument Ju 7:22; Ho 5:8; Is 18:3; Je 4:5; 6:1; 51:27; Jo 2:1, 15 ψ 81:4, + תקעו Jos 6:9 (Kt; Qr תֹּקְעֵי). 3. strike, clap hands; in triumph, ��׳ כַּף עָלֶיךָ Na 3:19, ת׳ כָ֑ף ψ 47:2; also (late) of gesture ratifying a bargain, specif. pledging oneself to become surety, only Pr. (all ‖ עָרַב): ת׳ לַזָּר כַּפֶּיךָ, ת׳ כַּף 17:18; 22:26; abs. 11:15. †Niph. Impf. 3 ms. 1. יִתָּקַע שׁוֹפָר Am 3:6 if a horn be blown, cf.יִתּ׳ בְּשׁ׳ Is 27:13 it shall be blown (a blast shall be given) on a horn. 2. מִי־הוּא לְיָדִי יִתָּקֵֽעַ׃ Jb 17:3 who is there that will strike himself (i.e. pledge himself) into my hand?
† אָחַז68 vb. grasp, take hold, take possession (Arabic أَخَذَ, Sab. אחֿדֿ Sab. Denkm.39, Aramaic אְחַד, ܐܶܚܰܕ, Assyrian aḫâzu, Ethiopic አኀዘ )— Qal Pf. אָחַז Ex 15:14 +; אָֽחֲזָה Jb 23:11 Is 33:14; sf. אֲחָזַנִי 2 S 1:9; 1 s. sf. אֲחַזְתִּיו Ct 3:4, etc.; Impf. יֹאחֵז Jb 17:9 +; וַיֹּ֫אחֶז 2 S 6:6; 3 fs. תֹּאחֵז Dt 32:41; וַתֹּאחֶז Ru 3:15; וַתֹּחֶז 2 S 20:9; וָאֹחֵז Ju 20:6 יֹאחֵזוּן Is 13:8; sf. יֹאחֲזֵ֫מוֹ Ex 15:15; יֹאחֱזוּךְ Je 13:21, etc.;—†as פ׳ gutt. וַיֶּאֱחֹז Ju 16:3 1 K 6:10; 2 ms. תֶּאֱחֹז Ec 7:18; Inf. אֲחֹז 1 K 6:6; אֱחֹז 1 Ch 13:9 + 3 times; Imv. אֱחֹז Ex 4:4 2 S 2:21, אֶחֳזִי־ Ru 3:15; אֶהֱזוּ Ct 2:15; אֱחֹ֑זוּ Ne 7:3; Pt. act. אֹחֵז 2 Ch 25:5; pass. אָחוּז Est 1:6, etc.;—grasp, take hold of, sq. בְּ Gn 25:26 Ex 4:4 (both J) Ju 16:3; 20:6 (= וַיַּחֲזֵק בְּ 19:29) 2 S 4:10; 6:6; 20:9 1 K 1:51 Ru 3:15(×2); 1 K 6:6 of beams having hold in a wall; (cf. בֵּית אֲבָנִים יֶֽחֱזֶה֑ Jb 8:17; Hoffm reads יֹחֲזָה = יֹא׳); also Ct 7:9 of taking hold of branches, in metaph.; poet. fig., of God’s seizing man in wrath Jb 16:12; taking hold graciously ψ 73:23; taking hold of judgment Dt 32:41; subj. man בַּאֲשֻׁרוֹ אָֽחֲזָה רַגְלִי Jb 23:11 (‖ דַּר��כּוֹ שָׁמַרְתִּי cf. also 17:9); of taking hold of folly Ec 2:3 cf. 7:18; subj. הַשַּׁהַר Jb 38:13, לֶאֱחֹז בְּכַנְפוֹת הָאָ֑רֶץ; also sq. acc. Ju 1:6; 12:6; 16:21 2 S 2:21 Is 5:29 Ct 2:15; 3:4 1 Ch 13:9 2 Ch 25:5 ψ 56:1; 137:9; cf. 1 K 6:10 (cf. v 6 supr.), subj. הַיָּצוּעַ, וַיֶּא׳ אֶת־הַבַּיִת בַּעֲצֵי אֲרָזִים; of a snare catching the heel, in metaph. Jb 18:9; fig., subj. God ψ 77:5; God’s hand 139:10; subj. pain, sorrow, fear, etc. Ex 15:14, 15 2 S 1:9 Jb 21:6; 30:16 ψ 48:7; 119:53 Is 21:3; 33:14 Je 13:21; 49:24; subj. man, obj. fear, etc. Jb 18:20 Is 13:8; obj. דֶּרֶךְ take one’s way Jb 17:9 יֹאחֵז צַדִּיק דַּרְכּוֹ AV RV hold on his way (cf. 23:11 supr., & Assyrian ṣabâtu urḫu, e.g. V. R 1, 74);—abs. Ne 7:3 of barring gates; pt. pass. caught Ec 9:12; fastened, held Est 1:6; taken (by lot) 1 Ch 24:6(×3) (on text v. Öt); taken out of a number Nu 31:30, 47; pt. act. of same form אֲחֻזֵי חֶרֶב Ct 3:8 cf. Thes BaNB 175 & Ethiopic pt.; similarly Aramaic אָחִיד, e.g. 𝔗 Am 2:5; ܐܰܚܺܝܕ e.g. 𝔖 Ju 8:10 1 Ch 5:18; & Ez 41:6(×2) (but v. Co). Niph. Pf. 3 pl. ��ֹאחֲזוּ Jos 22:9; וְנֹא׳ (cons.) Nu 32:30; Impf. וַיֵּאָחֲזוּ Gn 47:27; Imv. הֵאָחֲזוּ Gn 34:10 Jos 22:19; Pt. נֶאֱחָז Gn 22:13; נֶאֱחָזִים Ec 9:12;—be caught Gn 22:13 Ec 9:12; elsewhere have possessions Gn 34:10; 47:27 Nu 32:30 Jos 22:9, 19 (P). Pi. Pt. מְאַחֵז Jb 26:9 c. acc. enclose, overlay (so Assyrian DlW, p. 294, cf. Aramaic ܐܚܕ, shut). Hoph. Pt. pl. מָאֳחָזִים 2 Ch 9:18 fastened to sq. לְ.
† תָּפַשׂ vb. lay hold of, wield (= NH תָּפַשׂ, תָּפַס, Aramaic תְּפַשׂ, תְּפַס);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ת׳ 2 K 14:13 +, sf. consec. וּתְפָשָׂהּ Dt 22:28, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִתְפּשֹׁ Is 3:6, 1 pl. נִתְפְשֵׂם 2 K 7:12, etc.; Imv. mpl. תִּפְשׂוּ 1 K 18:40, etc.; Inf. abs. תָּפשֹׁ Je 34:3; cstr. תְּפשֹׁ Ez 14:5, לִתְפּשֹׁ 21:16; 30:21, sf. לְתָפְשָׂהּ Dt 20:19, etc.; Pt. תֹּפֵשׂ Gn 4:21 +, cstr. תֹּפְשִׂי Je 49:16 (Ges§ 90 1), etc.;— 1. lay hold of, seize (with the hand), acc. pers. Gn 39:12 (J; + בְּבִגְדוֹ), ב pers. Is 3:6; Dt 21:19; 22:28; Je 37:14; Ez 29:7 (in fig.; + ב instr.); c. ב rei 1 K 11:30; Dt 9:17; arrest, catch, acc. pers. 1 S 23:26; 1 K 13:4; 18:40(×2) Je 26:8; 37:13, 2 K 14:13 = 2 Ch 25:23; 2 K 25:6 = Je 52:9, ψ 71:11; in phrase catch, capture alive (חַי), acc. pers. Jos 8:23 (JE), 1 S 15:8; 1 K 20:18(×2); 2 K 7:12; 10:14(×2); seize city (acc.) Jos 8:8 (JE), 2 K 14:7; 16:9; 18:13 = Is 36:1; Dt 20:19; Je 40:10; fig. Ez 14:5 seize Isr. (acc.) by (ב) their heart (terrorize them); Pr 30:9 seize (do violence to) the name (acc.) of my God; תָּפוּשׂ זָהָב Hb 2:19 grasped (sheathed) in gold; ת׳ מְרוֹם גִּבְעָה Je 49:16 holding (occupying) the height of the hill. 2. grasp in order to wield, wield, use skillfully: grasp sword בַּכָּף Ez 21:16 (acc. om.), cf. 30:21 (ב of sword), and especially pt.: תֹּפֵשׂ הַקֶּשֶׁת Am 2:15, תֹּפֵשׂ כִּנּוֹר Gn 4:21 (J), ת׳ מַגָּל Je 50:16, תֹּפְשֵׂי מָגֵן 46:9a (del. ת׳ v 9 b 𝔊 Gie Co Du), ת׳ מָשׁוֹט Ez 27:29, ת׳ חֲרָבוֹת 38:4; even ת׳ הַתּוֹרָה Je 2:8 they that handle (deal with, are expert in) the law, ת׳ הַמִּלְחָמָה Nu 31:27 (P) those skilled in war.—Je 34:3 v. infr. Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִתְפַּשׂ Ez 19:4, 2 fs. נִתְפַשְׂתְּ Je 50:24, etc.; Impf. 3 fs. וַתִּתָּפֵשׂ 51:41, 2 ms. תִּתָּפֵשׂ Je 34:3; 38:23, etc.; Inf. cstr. לְהִתָּפֵשׂ Ez 21:28;—be seized, arrested, caught (sometimes ‖ נִלְכַּד), subj. pers., Je 38:23 (ב instr.), 50:24 (fig. of Bab.), also (c. ב instr.) Ez 12:13; 17:20; 19:4, 8 (both fig. of Israel), 21:29, and (without ב) v 28 Nu 5:13; + Inf. abs. Qal תָּפשֹׁ תִּתָּפֵשׂ Je 34:3; be seized, of fortress, city Je 48:41; 51:41 (both ‖ נִלְכַּד), 50:46, cf. 51:32; fig. ψ 10:2 may they be caught in (ב) the devices which they have planned. Pi. Impf. 2 ms. תְּתַפֵּשׂ Pr 30:28 a lizard thou mayest grasp with the hands (ב);—or read תִּתָּפֵשׂ Niph. Impf. 3 fs., v. De Toy.
† דָּרַךְ vb. tread, march (Aramaic דְּרַךְ, ܕܪܶܟ NH Hiph. lead, conduct; Arabic iv. ادرك reach, overtake; Ethiopic ደረከ be rough, severe (from calcavit, Di); መድረክ threshold, vestibule)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. דָּרַךְ Nu 24:17 + 6 times; 3 fs. דָּרְֽכָה Jos 14:9; 2 ms. דָּרַכְתָּ Hb 3:15; 1 s. דָּרַכְתִּי Is 63:3 Zc 9:13; pl. דָּֽרְכוּ Jb 22:15 + 3 times; Impf. 3 ms. יִדְרֹךְ Mi 5:4 + 6 times + ידרך Je 51:3 (כתיב ולא קוי); 3 fs. תִּדְרֹךְ Dt 11:24 Jos 1:3; 2 ms. תִּדְרֹךְ Dt 33:29 + 2 times; 2 fs. תִּדְרְכִי Ju 5:21; 1 s. sf. וְאֶדְרְכֵם Is 63:3; 3 mpl. יִדְרְכוּ 1 S 5:5, יִדְרְכוּן ψ 11:2, וַיִּדְרְכוּ Ju 9:27; 2 mpl. תִּדְרְכוּ Dt 11:25; Pt. act. דֹּרֵךְ Am 4:13 + 5 times; דּוֹרֵךְ Jb 9:8; דֹּרְכִים Je 25:30 Ne 13:15; דֹּרְכֵי Je 46:9 + 5 times; pass. f. דְּרוּכָה Is 21:15; דְּרֻכוֹת 5:28;— 1. tread, march, march forth, abs., תִּדְרְכִי נַפְשִׁי עֹז Ju 5:21; cf. דָּרַךְ כּוֹכָב מִיַּעֲקֹב Nu 24:17 (poem) a star hath marched forth from Jacob. 2. tread upon (land), sq. בְּ Dt 1:36; 11:25 (subj. pers.), Jos 14:9 (subj. רֶגֶל) cf. Dt 11:24 = Jos 1:3 (subj. כַּף רַגְלְכֶם); tread in a path, sq. בְּ Is 59:8 (fig. of mode of life); tread in (on) the sea, sq. בְּ Hb 3:15 (but text dub. cf. VB); of an invader יִדְרֹךְ בְּאַרְמְנוֹתֵינוּ Mi 5:4 (‖ יָבוֹא בְּאַרְצֵנוּ); יִד׳ בִּגְבוּלֵינוּ v 5 (‖ id.); sq. עַל 1 S 5:5 (עַל־מִפְתַּן דָּגוֹן); ψ 91:13 (עַל־שַׁחַל וָפֶתֶן); especially (poet.) עַל־בָּמֳו֯תֵי אֶרֶץ Mi 1:3, of י׳, so Am 4:13, & (עַל־בָּמֳתֵי יָ֑ם) Jb 9:8; of Isr. treading on heights of enemies, i.e. subduing them Dt 33:29. Once sq. acc. (אֲשֶׁר ref. אֹרַח) Jb 22:15. In technical senses 3. tread wine- (or oil-) press, sq. acc. יְקָבִים Jb 24:11 (‖ יַצְהִירוּ), גִּתּוֹת Ne 13:15; sq. acc. of thing pressed ד׳עֲנָבִים Am 9:13; also of product תִּדְרֹךְ־זַיִת … וְתִירוֹשׁ Mi 6:15; יַיִן בַּיְקָבִים לֹא יִדְרֹךְ הַדֹּרֵךְ Is 16:10; sq. בְּגַת Is 63:2 (in sim.); abs. Je 25:30 (sim.) 48:33; fig. of judgment Is 63:3 sq. acc. פּוּרָה winepress, subj. י׳, cf. v וְאֶדְרְכֵם בְּאַפִּי (‖ רמס) i.e. tread them down; so גַּת דָּרַךְ אֲדֹנָי לִבְתוּלַת בַּת־יְהוּדָה La 1:15. 4. tread (i.e. bend) the bow, sq. acc. קֶשֶׁת Je 51:3 (אֶל־יִדְרֹךְ יד֯רך הַדֹּרֵךְ קַשְׁתּוֹ); fig. of assaults of wicked ψ 11:2; 37:14, of judgments of י׳ ψ 7:13 La 2:4; 3:12; also fig. of Judah as bow in hand of י׳, כִּי דָרַכְתִּי לִי יְהוּדָה Zc 9:13 (‖ קֶשֶׁת מִלֵּאתִי אֶפְרַיִם); twice in like meaning c. obj. חֵץ arrow ψ 58:8 (but on text cf. Checrit. n.) 64:4; דֹּרְכֵי קֶשֶׁת = bow-benders, archers 46:9 Je 50:14, 29 1 Ch 5:18; 8:40 2 Ch 14:7; קֶשֶׁת דְּרוּכָה bent bow Is 21:15, קַשְׁתֹֿתָיו דְּרֻכוֹת 5:28. Hiph. Pf. וְהִדְרִיךְ Is 11:15; sf. הִדְרִיכָהּ Je 51:33 (where many Inf. cstr.). cf. RSJ Ph. xvi. (1888) 72; 1 s. sf. הִדְרַכְתִּיךָ Pr 4:11; 3 pl. sf. הִדְרִיכֻ֑הוּ Ju 20:43, הִדְרִיכוּהוּ Jb 28:8; Impf. יַדְרֵךְ ψ 25:9; sf. יַדְרִכֵנִי Hb 3:19; וַיַּדְרִיכֵם ψ 107:7; 1 s. sf. אַדְרִיכֵם Is 42:16; וַיַּדְרְכוּ Je 9:2 (cf. Ges§ 53 n); Imv. ms. sf. הַדְרִיכֵנִי ψ 25:5; 119:35; Inf. cstr. v. supr.; Pt. sf. מַדְרִיכְךָ Is 48:17;— 1. tread, tread down, of treading down enemy in battle Ju 20:43; of treading a path Jb 28:8; levelling threshing-floor Je 51:33 (all sq. sf.). 2. tread (bend) the bow (= Qal 4), only fig. וַיַּדְרְכוּ אֶת־לְשׁוֹנָם קַשְׁתָּם שֶׁקֶר Je 9:2 and they have bent their tongue as their bow in falsehood. 3. causat. cause to tread or march, lead, returning exiles Is 11:15 (subj. י׳; no obj. expressed); cf. וַיַּדְרִיכֵם בְּדֶרֶךְ יְשָׁרָה ψ 107:7 and he led them in a straight way; v. also Is 42:16 (‖ הוֹלִיךְ); with a moral application הִדְרַכְתִּיךָ בְּמַעְגְּלֵי־ישֶׁר Pr 4:11; cf. ψ 119:35 ��ַדְרִיכֵנִי בִּנְתִיב מִצְוֹתֶיךָ lead me in the path of thy commandments; ψ 25:5 בַּאֲמִתֶּ֑ךָ (‖ לַמְּדֵנִי) cf. v 9 בַּמִּשְׁפָּט (‖ יְלַמֵּד דַּרְכּוֹ) Is 48:17 בְּדֶרֶךְ תֵּלֵךְ (‖ מְלַמֶּדְךָ לְהוֹעִל); once of giving security & truimph עַל־בָּמוֹתַי יַדְרִכֵנִי Hb 3:19 upon mine heights he maketh me tread (cf. Qal 2).
† יָצַר vb. form, fashion (NH in pt. יוֹצֵר potter, creator, and deriv.; Ph. יצר potter; 𝔗 יצר; Syriac ܝܰܨܪܳܐ = יֵצֶר, etc.; Arabic وِصْرٌ covenant, contract; Assyrian êṣêru, as Heb., DlHWB 309)— Qal Pf. י׳ Is 44:10; יָצָ֑ר Gn 2:8; sf. יְצָרָהּ Is 45:18; 2 m. יָצַרְתָּ ψ 104:26 + 8 times Pf.; Impf. 3 m. וַיִּ֫יצֶר Gn 2:7; וַיִּצֶ֫ר v 19; sf. יִצְּרֵהוּ Is 44:12; 1 s. sf. אֶצָּו֯רְךָ Je 1:5; Pt. יוֹצֵר Is 41:25 + 20 times; יֹצֵר 45:18 + 6 times; sf. יֹצְרִי 49:5 + 11 times sf.; pl. יוֹצְרִים 30:14 1 Ch 4:23; cstr. יֹצְרֵי Is 44:9;— 1. of human activity: a. of a potter who forms out of clay a vessel Is 29:16; 41:25 Je 18:4(×2), 6(×2) 1 Ch 4:23 La 4:2 Zc 11:13(×2) (these last two according to Thes SS et al. error for אוֹצָר); כְּלִי (ה)י׳ potter’s vessel 2 S 17:28 ψ 2:9 Je 19:11; חֹמֶר הי׳ potter’s clay Is 29:16; נֵבֶל י׳ 30:14; בַּקְבֻּק י׳ Je 19:1; בית הי׳ 18:2, 3. b. of a carver of wood, graven images Is 44:9, 10, 12 Hb 2:18(×2). c. frame, devise in the mind י׳ עָמָל ψ 94:20. 2. of divine activity: a. (as a potter) forming Adam out of עפר from אדמה Gn 2:7, 8 (J), beasts and birds, also from אדמה v 19 (J); Israel as a people Is 27:11; 43:1, 21; 44:21; 45:9(×2), 11; 64:7, even from the womb 44:2, 24; the servant of Yahweh from the womb 49:5; of the formation of the individual man 43:7; Jeremiah in the womb Je 1:5; the eye of man ψ 94:9; the locust Am 7:1; Leviathan ψ 104:26; the dry land 95:5; the earth Is 45:18(×2); the mountains Am 4:13; הַכֹּל Je 10:16 = 51:19. Fig. perhaps lost sight of in some of the above, and quite certainly in the forming of light Is 45:7, of summer and winter ψ 74:17, the רוּחַ of man Zc 12:1, and the לב of men ψ 33:15. b. fig. for frame, pre-ordain, plan (in divine purpose), of a situation מֵרָחוֹק Is 22:11; of an occurrence מִימֵי קֶדֶם 37:26 = 2 K 19:25; יָצַרְתִּי אַף אֶעֱשֶׂנָּה I have planned, I will also do it 46:11; י׳ רעה על Je 18:11; י׳ לַהֲכִינָהּ devised it to establish it 33:2. Niph. Pf. לְפָנַי לֹא־נוֹצַר אֵל Is 43:10 before me a god was not formed (created). Pu. Pf. יָמִים יֻצָּ֑רוּ days (that) were pre-ordained (in the divine purpose) ψ 139:16 (cf. Qal, 2 b). Hoph. Impf. כָּל־כְּלִי יוּצַר עָלַיִךְ לֹא יִצְלָ֑ח Is 54:17 any weapon that is formed against thee will not prosper.
קָרַע63 vb. tear (NH id.; Arabic قَرَعَ strike head, bell, etc., beat drum, box ear, gnash teeth (Frey Dozy); also impugn, censure);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ק׳ 1 S 15:28 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּקְרַע Gn 37:29 +; 1 s. sf. אֶקְרָעֶנָּה 1 K 11:12, etc.; Imv. mpl. קִרְעוּ 2 S 3:31 Jo 2:13; Inf. abs. קָרֹעַ 1 K 11:11; cstr. לִקְרוֹעַ Ec 3:7, sf. קָרְעִי Ezr 9:5; Pt. act. קֹרֵעַ 1 K 11:31; pass. קָרוּעַ 2 S 15:32, etc.;—tear, rend: 1. a. usually (39 times) of rending garment in (1) grief: בֶּגֶד Gn 37:29, שִׂמְלָה 37:34; 44:13, כְּתֹנֶת 2 S 13:19, ק׳ ב׳ לִשְׁנַיִם קְרָעִים 2 K 2:12, ק׳ לְבַבְכֶם וְאַל ב׳ Jo 2:13; pt. pass. בְּגָדָיו ק׳ 2 S 1:2; cstr. קְרֻעֵי ב׳ torn of garments (pers. with torn garments) 2 S 13:31 (but read קָֽרְעוּ ב׳ 𝔊 𝔙 Th We al.), 2 K 18:37 = Is 36:22, Je 41:5; מְעִיל †Jb 1:20; 2:12 Ezr 9:3 (+ בֶּגֶד), כְּתֹנֶת 2 S 13:19, קָרוּעַ כֻּתָּנְתּוֹ 2 S 15:32 (Ges§ 121 d); שְׂמָלֹת †Gn 37:34; 44:13; Jos 7:6; pt. pass. †מַדָּיו קְרֻעִים 1 S 4:12; †(2) as symbolic act, ק׳ שַׂלְמָה שְׁנֵים עָשָׁר קְרָעִים 1 K 11:30; †(3) abs. עֵת לִקְרוֹעַ וְעֵת לִתְפּוֹר Ec 3:7. b. tear away or out: veils Ez 13:21, fillets from (מֵעַל) arms v 20, mark of leprosy out of (מִן) garment Lv 13:56. †2. tear away sovereignty (under fig. of garment), subj. י׳, מֵעַל pers. 1 S 15:28 1 K 11:11, also מִיַּד 1 S 28:17 1 K 11:12, 31, מִן 14:8, abs. 11:13; c. acc. יִשׂ׳ + מֵעַל 2 K 17:21. †3. tear, rend asunder: a. book with (ב) knife Je 36:23. b. = make wide, large, eyes, with (ב) stibium Je 4:30; windows, וק׳ לוֹ חַלּוֹנָ֑י[ו] 22:14. c. rend open heavens, and descend, of י׳, Is 63:19. †4. tear, rend, of wild beasts: י׳ as fierce bear Ho 13:8 (obj. סְגוֹר לִבָּם); fig. of human foes ψ 35:15 (acc. pers. om.), so Hup al., but (from context) Ol Bae We al. malign, rail (cf. Arabic supr.); > Gr al. קָרְאוּ. †Niph. be rent, of garment (מְעִיל), Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּקָּרַ֑ע 1 S 15:27, יִקָּרֵעַ Ex 28:32; 39:23; be rent, split asunder, of altar 1 K 13:3, 5.
† [תָּמַם], תַּם vb. be complete, finished (Arabic تَمَّ id., Ph. תם, Syriac ܬܰܡ der. spec. and deriv.; cf. NH = BH (rare), Aramaic תְּמִימָא, ܬܰܡܺܝܡܳܐ perfect);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. תַּם Gn 47:18 + 3 times (+ Qr מֵאֵשׁ֯ תַּם Je 6:29); 3 pl. תַּמּוּ Dt 2:16 +; תָּ֑מּוּ 2 K 7:13; 1 pl. תַּמְנוּ (Ges§ 67 dd) Nu 17:28 ψ 64:7; תָּ֑מְנוּ Je 44:18; (La 3:22 read תַּמּוּ 𝔗 𝔖 Ew Löhr Bu); Impf. 3 ms. יִתֹּם (Ges§ 67g) Gn 47:15; Ez 47:12; 3 fs. תִּתֻּם Ez 24:11 (Ges§ 67q; del. Co), תִּתֹּם Gn 47:18 1 K 7:22; 1 s. אֵיתָ֑ם ψ 19:14; 3 mpl. יִתַּ֫מּוּ Nu 14:35 +, וַיִּתְּמוּ Dt 34:8; Inf. cstr. תֹּם Lv 25:29 + 10 times; תָּם־ Is 18:5; sf. תֻּמִּי Je 27:8 + 7 times sf.;— 1. be finished, completed; the writing of words Dt 31:24, 30 (v. Dr.; J), Jb 31:40; building of temple 1 K 6:22, cf. 7:22; fulfilled, י׳’s command (by obedience) Jos 4:10 (E); as auxil. + vb. fin. = completely, wholly, entirely, תַּמּוּ נִבְרָ֑תוּ Jos 3:16 (E) were wholly cut off; סָפוּ תַמּוּ ψ 73:19 entirely consumed; sq. ל inf.: תַּמּוּ לעבור were finished in regard to, etc., i.e. were entirely passed over Jos 3:17; 4:1, 11 (JE) 2 S 15:24; להמּול Jos 5:8 (E) entirely circumcised, Nu 17:28. 2. be finished, come to an end, cease: the year, Gn 47:18 (J), Lv 25:29 (P), Je 1:3; the years of י׳ have no end ψ 102:28; days of weeping Dt 34:8 (P), cf. La 4:22; also Is 18:5; La 3:22. 3. be complete, of number, 1 S 16:11. 4. be consumed, exhausted, spent: silver Gn 47:15, 18 (J); strength Lv 26:20 (H); lead Je 6:29 (Qr); bread 37:21; fruit Ez 47:12; rust 24:11. 5. be finished, consumed, destroyed: people Nu 14:33 (J), v 35 17:28 (P; ‖ מות), 32:13 (J), Jos 8:24; 10:20 (JE), Dt 2:14, 15, 16; Jos 5:6 (D), 1 K 14:10; 2 K 7:13; Is 16:4; Je 14:15; 24:10; 27:8; 36:23; 44:12(×2), 18, 27 ψ 9:7 (but read דַּמּוּ), 104:35. 6. be complete, sound, unimpaired, ethically, ψ 19:14 (‖ נִקָּה; late). 7. twice, very strangely, si vera l., trans.: ψ 64:7 תמנו we have completed (read prob. הֲתִמֹּנוּ); Je 27:8 עַד־תֻּמִּי אֹתָם בְּיָדוֹ (read with Gr תִּתִּי). Hiph. Pf. 1 s. הֲתִמֹּ֫תִי Ez 22:15; 3 mpl. הֵחַ֫מּוּ 2 S 20:18; Impf. יַתֵּם 2 K 22:4; 2 ms. תַּתֵּם Jb 22:3 (Ges§ 67 y); Inf. abs. הָתֵם Ez 24:10; cstr., id., Dn 8:23 + 9:24 Qr (v. Dr.); sf. הֲתִֽמְךָ (Ges§ 67 v) Is 33:1;— 1. finish, complete, perfect, a matter 2 S 20:18 (but Qal, come to an end, c. ה interrog., We Dr al.); flesh in cooking Ez 24:10. 2. finish, cease doing a thing, sq. pt. (Ges§ 120 b), שׁוֹדֵד Is 33:1. 3. complete, sum up, c. acc. money 2 K 22:4 (other conj. Klo Gr Gi); transgressors Dn 8:23; sin 9:24 (Qr; Kt חתם). 4. destroy uncleanness, c. מן from, Ez 22:15. 5. causative (of Qal 6): acc. דרכיך Jb 22:3 make sound thy ways. Hithp. Impf. 2 ms. תִּתַּמָּם 2 S 22:26, c. עִם deal integrity with = ψ18:26 (late, v. Qal 6).
ἱμάτιον [ῑμᾰ-], τό, in form a diminutive of ἷμα (i.e. εἷμα), a piece of dress; in usage always of an outer garment, formed by an oblong piece of cloth worn above the χιτών, Refs 5th c.BC+; θοἰμάτιον by crasis for τὸ ἱμ-, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the Roman toga, Refs 1st c.AD+, of civilians,= togati, Refs; but ἱ. Ἑλληνικόν, opposed to the toga, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 ἱμάτια, τά, generally, clothes, Refs 6th c.BC+; of grave-clothes, ἐν εἱμ. τρισὶ [θάπτειν] Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 metaphorically, ἱμάτια πόλεως τείχη Refs __II generally, cloth, Refs 5th c.BC+ in Attic dialect Inscrr., Refs 1st c.BC+
† פָּדָה vb. ransom (NH in deriv.; Ph. in n.pr.; Assyrian padû, id., Arabic فَدَى; Ethiopic ፈደየ; Min. פדית redeemed or purchased land MordtBeitr. 23);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. פָּדָה Lv 27:27 +; sf. פָּֽדְךָ Jb 5:20; 2 ms. פָּדִיתָ Dt 9:26 +, etc.; Impf. יִפְדֶּה ψ 49:8 +, etc.; Imv. פְּדֵה ψ 25:22; sf. פְּדֵנִי ψ 26:11 + 3 times; Inf. abs. פָּדֹה Nu 18:15 ψ 49:8; cstr. לִפְדּוֹת 2 S 7:23 = 1 Ch 17:2; Pt. act. פּוֹדֶה ψ 34:23; sf. פֹּדְךָ Dt 13:6; pass. pl. cstr. פְּדוּיֵי Is 35:10; 51:11 Nu 3:49; also abs. פְּדוּיִם Nu 3:51 (Qr; Kt פדים), cstr. פְּדוּיֵי v 46; sf. פְּדוּיָו Nu 18:16 (all n. abstr. according to Di Köii. 1, 138, v. פְּדוּיִם, פִּדְיֹם infr.);—ransom: 1. for an assessed price Ex 13:13, 15; 34:20 (J), Lv 27:27 Nu 3:46, 48, 49, 51; 18:15, 16, 17 (P). 2. from violence and death 1 S 14:45 Jb 6:23 ψ 49:8. 3. God subj. (underlying thought of payment): a. from Egypt, c. מִן, מִבֵּית עֲבָדִים Dt 7:8; 13:6 Mi 6:4; מִנִּי־צָר ψ 78:42; ממצרים 2 S 7:23 (but del. פָּדִיתָ GeiUrschr. 288 We Dr al.) = 1 Ch 17:21; מִשָּׁם Dt 24:18; abs. Dt 9:26; 15:15; 21:8 Ne 1:10. b. from exile, Je 31:11 Zc 10:8; פְּדוּיֵי י׳ יְשֻׁבוּן Is 35:10 = 51:11. c. in gen. Ho 7:13; מִכֹּל צָרוֹתָיו ψ 25:22; מִכֹּל עֲוֹנוֹתָיו ψ 130:8. d. c. acc. individ. ψ 26:11; 31:6; 44:27; 69:19; Abraham Is 29:22; פ׳ נפשׁ ψ 34:23; 71:23; + מכל צרה 2 S 4:9 1 K 1:29; מֵעֲבֹר בַּשָּׁ֑חַת Jb 33:28; מִקְּרָב־לִי ψ 55:19; מִמָּוֶת Jb 5:20; מיד שׁאול ψ 49:16 Ho 13:14; מֵעשֶׁק אָדָם ψ 119:134; מִכַּף עָרִיצִים Je 15:21. Niph. Pf. 3 fs. (+ Hoph. Inf. abs.) הָפְדֵּה לֹא נִפְדָּ֑תָה Lv 19:20 she hath not been at all ransomed (from bondage); Impf. יִפָּדֶה Lv 27:29 (from ban); 3 fs. צִיּוֹן בְּמִשְׁפָּט תִּפָּדֶ֑ה Is 1:27. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. sf. וְהֶפְדָּהּ Ex 21:8 he shall let her be ransomed. Hiph. Inf. abs. v. Niph.
† I. זָרַע vb. sow, scatter seed (NH id.; Assyrian zirû TPPrism vi. 15; Arabic زَرَعَ; Aramaic ܙܪܰܥ, זְרַע; Ethiopic ዘርአ: ዘርዐ: but in Sab. דֿרא DHMZMG 1883, 15 and in n.pr., Id. in MV10, pp. 242, 983)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. זָרַע Ju 6:3; 1 s. וְזָרַעְתִּ֫י Je 31:27; sf. וּזְרַעְתִּיהָ consec. Ho 2:25; 3 pl. זָֽרְעוּ Je 12:13; 2 mpl. זְרַעְתֶּם Hg 1:6; וּזְרַעְתֶּם consec. Gn 47:23 + 2 times; Impf. יִזְרָ֑ע Ec 11:4; וַיִּזְרַע Gn 26:12; sf. וַיִּזְרָעֶהָ Ju 9:45; 1 s. אֶזְרְעָה Jb 31:8; sf. וְאֶזְרָעֵם Zc 10:9, etc.; Imv. ms. זְרַע Ec 11:6; mpl. זִרְעוּ Ho 10:12 + 2 times; Inf. לִזְרֹעַ Is 28:24; Pt. act. זֹרֵעַ Is 55:10 + 3 times; זוֹרֵעַ Pr 22:8 Je 50:16, etc.; Pt. pass. sm. זָרֻעַ ψ 97:11 (but v. infr.); f. זְרוּעָה Je 2:2;— 1. lit. sow: a. abs. sow (seed), do one’s sowing Ju 6:3 Gn 26:12 (J), Is 28:24 (after ploughing חרשׁ); זִרְעוּ וקצרו ונטעו כרמים Is 37:30=2 K 19:29; ‖ קצר also Mi 6:15 Lv 25:11 (H), Ec 11:4: ‖ אסף Lv 25:20 (H); opp. אכל Jb 31:8; זֹרְעֵי על־כל־מים Is 32:20 (on cstr. cf. Ges§ 130, 1); c. את־השּׁנה הַשׁמינִת Lv 25:22; sq. הַרְבֵּה Hg 1:6 (opp. הָבֵא מְעָ֑ט). b. c. acc. of land אדמה Ex 23:10 (JE; ‖ אסף), Gn 47:23 (J); filed (שׂדה) Lv 25:3 (‖ אסף), cf. v 4 ψ 107:37; as pt. pass. אֶרֶץ לֹא וְרוּעָה Je 2:2 (‖ מִדְבָּר). c. c. acc. of seed ז׳ אֶת־זַרְעֲךָ Dt 11:10, cf. 22:9 Je 35:7 Lv 26:16 (H) Ec 11:6; sq. חִטִּים Je 12:13 (‖ קצר); cf. also בִּכּוּרֵי מַעֲשֶׂיךָ אשׁר תזרע בַּשָּׁדֶה Ex 23:16 (JE). d. sq. 2 acc. לֹא תזרע כַּרְמְךָ כִּלְאָ֑יִם Dt 22:9; cf. שָׂדְךָ לֹא תִזְרַע כִּלְאַיִם Lv 19:19 (H); זַרְעֲךָ אשׁר־תזרע את־האדמה Is 30:23; also of destroyed city וַיִּזְרָעֶהָ מֶ֑לַח Ju 9:45. e. pt. act. as subst. זוֹרֵעַ Je 50:16 (‖ תֹּפֵשׂ מַגָּל בְּעֵת קָציר); לַזֹּרֵעַ Is 55:10 (‖ לָאֹכֵל). 2. of shrub and tree producing, yielding seed, c. acc. cogn. Gn 1:29(×2) (P), cf. Hiph. 3. fig.: a. of Yahweh’s sowing (planting) Isr. in the land וזרעתיה לי בָארץ Ho 2:25 (We וזרעתיהו, obj. being Jezreel); on the other hand וְאֶזְרָעֵם בָּעַמִּים Zc 10:9. b. c. 2 acc., of Yahweh’s fructifying Isr. and Judah וזרעתי את־בית ישׂראל ואת־ב׳ יהודה זֶרַע אדם וזרע בהמה Je 31:27. c. of moral action, זִרְעוּ לָכֶם לִצְדָקָה Ho 10:12 (‖ קצר); ז׳צדקה Pr 11:18; אַל־תִּזְרְעוּ אֶל־קֹצִים Je 4:3 sow not in among thorns (said of a few righteous deeds amid much wickedness); especially of evil-doing רוּחַ יזרעו וְסוּפָתָה יִקְצֹ֑רוּ Ho 8:7; זֹרְעֵי עָמָל Jb 4:8 (‖ קצר); זוֹרֵעַ עַוְלָה יקצור־אָוֶן Pr 22:8. d. of Israel’s practising idolatry זְמֹרַת זָר תִּזְרָעֶ֑נּוּ Is 17:10 (2 acc.) e. הזרעים בדמעה בְּרִנָּה יִקְצֹ֑רוּ ψ 126:5 metaph. of distress followed by joy. f. אוֹר זָרֻעַ לַצַּדִּיק ψ 97:11 read prob. זָרַח, Vrss Ol Hu Bae Che al. Niph. be sown, fructified, Pf. 3 fs. וְנִזְרְעָה consec. Nu 5:28; 2 mpl. וְנִזְרַעְתֶּם consec. Ez 36:9; Impf. 3 ms. יִזָּרַע Na 1:14; יִזָּרֵ֑עַ Dt 21:4 Lv 11:37; 3 fs. תִּזָּרַע Dt 29:22;— 1. be sown: a. subj. אֶרֶץ, לֹא תִזּ׳ ולא תַּצְמִחַ Dt 29:22, cf. (of נַחַל אֵיתָן) לא יֵעָבֵד בּוֹ ולא יִזּ׳ Dt 21:4; in address to הָרֵי ישׂראל, וְנֶעֱבַדְתֶּם וְנִזְרַעְתֶּם Ez 36:9. b. subj. זֶרַע, זֶרַע זֵרוּעַ אשׁר יִזָּרֵעַ Lv 11:37 (P); fig. לֹא יִזּ׳ מִשִּׁמְךָ עוֹד Na 1:14 no more of thy name be sown, in judgment against Nineveh. 2. be fructified, made pregnant וְנִזְרְעָה זָ֑רַע Nu 5:28 (P; of woman). Pu. Pf. 3 pl. זֹרָ֑עוּ Is 40:24 of princes and judges under fig. of trees (‖ נִטָּ֑עוּ, שֹׁרֵשׁ בָּאָרֶץ גִּזְעָם). Hiph. Impf. 3 fs. תַּזְרִיעַ Lv 12:2; Pt. מַזְרִיעַ Gn 1:11, 12;— 1. produce seed, of herb, c. acc. cogn. Gn 1:11, 12; appar. denom. from זֶרַע; cf. Qal 2. 2. of a woman,=bear a child תַּזְרִיעַ וְיָֽלְדָה זָכָר Lv 12:2.
פָּעַל57 vb. do, make (poet. for עָשָׂה) (NH פּוֹעֵל workman, cf. J Aram.; Ph. פעל = BH (often); Arabic فَعَلَ id.; Old Aramaic פעל; Syriac in der. spec. and deriv.);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. Dt 32:27 +, פָ֫עַל אֵל Nu 23:23, 2 ms. פָּעַלְתָּ Ex 15:17 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְעַל Jb 22:17 +; 2 ms. תִּפְעָל־ 35:6, etc.; Inf. cstr. לְפָעֳלָם Jb 37:12 (v. infr.); Pt. act. פֹּעֵל ψ 15:2 +, pl. cstr. פֹּעֲלֵי 5:6 +, etc.;— 1. do: a. of God, c. acc. (abstr.) Nu 23:23; Dt 32:27; Jb 33:29, יְשׁוּעוֹת ψ 74:12; + ל pers. ψ 31:20; 68:29; Is 26:12 Jb 22:17; c. acc. cogn. פֹּעַלִ ψ 44:2 Hb 1:5; acc. om. Is 43:13, cf. 41:4. b. of men, c. acc. ψ 11:3 Jb 11:8, + ל pers. (God) 7:20, + ב pers. (God) 35:6; especially of doing evil, שָׁ֑קֶר Ho 7:1, עָוֶל Jb 34:32, עַוְלָה 36:23 ψ 58:3; 119:3, אָוֶן Pr 30:20, especially פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן Ho 6:8; Is 31:2 Jb 31:3; 34:8, 22 ψ 5:6 + 15 times ψ, Pr 10:29; 21:15, פֹּעֲלֵי רָע Mi 2:1; rarely of doing right, c. acc. מִשְׁפָּטוֹ Zp 2:3, צֶדֶק ψ 15:2. c. of clouds, c. acc. Jb 37:12 (disregarding—֑). 2. make: a. of God, c. acc. concr. object + ל end Pr 16:4, ל of 2nd obj. ψ 7:14; פֹּעֲלִי Jb 36:3 my Maker. b. of man, c. acc. concr. Is 44:12, 15; acc. om. 44:12 ψ 7:16.—Is 1:31 v. פֹּ֫עַל" dir="rtl" >פֹּעַל.
† כָּעַס vb. be vexed, angry (NH כָּעַס, Aramaic כְּעַס (not Syriac));— Qal Pf. כ׳ ψ 112:10 Ec 5:16; Impf. וַיִּכְעַס Ne 3:33 2 Ch 16:10; 1 s. אֶכְעַס Ez 16:42; Inf. לִכְעוֹס Ec 7:9.— 1. be vexed, indignant ψ 112:10 Ne 3:33 Ec 5:16. 2. be angry Ez 16:42 Ec 7:9, c. אֶל pers. 2 Ch 16:10. Piel. Pf. 3 fs. sf. כִּעֲסַתָּה 1 S 1:6; 3 mpl. sf. כִּעֲסוּנִי Dt 32:21 angered (בְּהַבְלֵיהֶם). Hiph. Pf. הִכְעִיס Ho 12:15 1 K 15:30; sf. הִכְעִיסוֹ 2 K 23:26 + 4 times Pf.; הַכְעִסֵו֯נִי Je 25:7; (scribal error for תַּכְעִיסוּני according to SS); Impf. וַיַּכְעֵס 1 K 22:54 2 Ch 28:25; 3 fs. sf. תַּכְעִיסֶנָּה 1 S 1:7 + 6 times Impf.; Inf. cstr. הַכְעִיס 1 K 16:13 + 5 times; sf. הַכְעִ(י)סֵנִי Je 7:18 + 11 times, + 6 times sfs.; Pt. pl. מַכְעִיסִים Je 7:19 + 4 times— 1. vex, c. acc. pers. 1 S 1:7 Ez 32:9. 2. vex, provoke to anger, especially of provoking Yahweh by worship of other gods Ju 2:12 1 K 14:9, 15; 16:33; 22:54 2 K 17:11; 23:19 2 Ch 28:25 Ne 3:37 Je 7:18, 19; 11:17; 32:29, 32; 44:3 Ez 8:17; 16:26 Is 65:3 Ho 12:15; c. בּ instr. בְּתוֹעֵבֹת Dt 32:16; בְּגוֹי נָבָל Dt 32:21 1 K 16:13, 26; בחטאתם 1 K 16:2; במעשׂ(י) יד(יו) Dt 31:29 1 K 16:7 Je 25:6, 7; 32:30; 44:8; בכל מעשׂ(ה) ידיהם 2 K 22:17 = 2 Ch 34:25; בבמות ψ 78:58; בפסיליהם Je 8:19; במעלליהם ψ 106:29; cf. the phrases עשׂה הרע(ה) בעיני י׳ להכעיס(ו) do the evil in the eyes of Yahweh to provoke (him) to anger Dt 4:25; 9:18; 31:29 1 K 16:7 2 K 17:17; 21:6 = 2 Ch 33:6; so מכעסים 2 K 21:15 Je 32:30; כעס(ים) אשׁר הכעיס 1 K 15:30; 21:22 2 K 23:26.—The phrase is characteristic of D Je and the compiler of Kings; see DrIntr. 191; Dt 4:25 HolzEinl. Hex. 287.
† I. עָמָל n.m. Jb 4:8 f. Ec 10:15 (against AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 113, v. KöSynt. § 249 m) trouble, labour, toil (on this form as abstr. v. LagBN 143 BaNB 105);—ע׳ Nu 23:21 +; cstr. עֲמַל Ju 10:16 +; sf. עֲמָלִי Gn 41:51 +, etc.;— 1. trouble (‖ sorrow): one’s own suffering, עָמָל וְיָגוֹן Je 20:18; ע׳ וָכַעַם ψ 10:14; עֳנִי וע׳ Dt 26:7 ψ 25:18; ע׳ וָאָ֑וֶן 90:10; ‖ אָוֶן Nu 23:21; Jb 5:6; ‖ שָֽׁוְא Jb 7:3; ע׳ נפשׁו Is 53:11; ע׳ בְּעֵינָ֑י ψ 73:16; וַיַּסְתֵּר ע׳ מֵעֵינָ֑י Jb 3:10; מְנַחֲמֵי ע׳ 16:2; אדם לע׳ יוּלָּד 5:7; בע׳ אנושׁ אינימוֹ ψ 73:5; שׁכח ע׳ Jb 11:16; נַשַּׁנִי ע׳ Gn 41:51 (E); ע׳ לא זכר Pr 31:7; תקצר נפשׁו בע׳ Ju 10:16. 2. trouble, mischief, as done to others: ‖ שֹׁד Pr 24:2; יֹצֵר ע׳ ψ 94:20; ‖ רָע Hb 1:13; יָשׁוּב ע׳ בְרֹאשׁוֹ ψ 7:17; ע׳ וָאָ֑וֶן 10:7; און וע׳ 55:11; ‖ אָוֶן Is 10:1; 59:4; Hb 1:3 ψ 7:15; Jb 4:8; 15:35; עֲמַל שְׂפָתֵימוֹ ψ 140:10 mischief of their lips. 3. toil, labour (late in Heb.): Ec 2:10(×2), 21, 24; 3:13; 4:4, 6, 8, 9; 5:14, 18; 6:7; 8:15; 10:15; c. עָמַל (q.v.) 1:3; 2:11, 19, 20; 5:17; עָמֵל (שְׁהוּא) ע׳ שֶׁאֲנִי 2:18, 22; ע׳ אֲשֶׁר עָמֵל 9:9; = fruit of labour, ע׳ לְאֻמִּים יִירָ֑שׁוּ ψ 105:44; וַיַּכְנַע בע׳ לִבָּם 107:12 he humbled their mind by toil.
דָּבַק, דָּבֵק vb. cling, cleave, keep close (NH id., Arabic دَبِقَ, Aramaic דְּבֵק, דְּבַק, ܕܒܶܩ, ܕܒܰܩ )— Qal Pf. דָּבַק 1 K 11:2 + 2 times; וְדָבַק consec. Gn 2:24; דָּבֵ֑ק 2 K 3:3; 3 fs. דָּֽבְקָה Ru 1:14 + 5 times; דָּבֵ֑קָה Job 29:10; 1 s. דָּבַקְתִּי ψ 119:31; 3 pl. דָּֽבְקוּ 2 S 20:2; וְדָֽבְקוּ consec. Dt 28:60; דָּבֵ֑קוּ Jb 41:15; וּדְבַקְתֶּם consec. Jos 23:12; Impf. יִדְבַּק Dt 13:18 + 3 times; 3 fs. תִּדְבַּק 2 K 5:27 ψ 137:6; וַתִּדְבַּק Gn 34:3 + 2 times; sf. תִּדְבָּקַנִי Gn 19:19; 2 ms. תִּדְבָּ֑ק Dt 10:20 Ez 29:4 (del. B Co); 2 fs. תִּדְבָּקִין Ru 2:8, 21; 3 pl. יִדְבְּקוּ Nu 36:7, 9; 2 mpl. תִּדְבָּ֑קוּ Jos 23:8; תִּדְבָּקוּ֑ן Dt 13:5; Inf. cstr. וּלְדָבְקָה־בּוֹ Dt 11:22 + 2 times;—in Hexateuch only JD, except Nu 36:7, 9 (P);— 1. cling, cleave to, a. lit. sq. בְּ Jb 19:20 (bone to skin), so sq. לְ ψ 102:6; sq. אֶל 2 S 23:10 (hand to sword; accidentally om. with other words 1 Ch 11:13 cf. Dr 2 S 23:11), Je 13:11 (girdle to loins), La 4:4 (tongue to roof of mouth, in thirst), so sq. לְ Jb 29:10 ψ 137:6 (as a judgment); so also in metaph. ψ 44:26 דָּֽבְקָה לָאָרֶץ בִּטְנֵנוּ our belly cleaveth to the earth (‖ שָׁחָה לֶעָכָּר נַפְשֵׁנוּ), 119:25 דָּֽבְקָה לֶעָפָר נַפְשִׁי; fish to scales of crocodile (fig. of Pharaoh), sq. בְּ Ez 29:4 (but cf. supr.); abs. (recipr.) of folds of crocodile’s belly Jb 41:15; further of the חֵרֶם remaining in (sticking to) the hand sq. בְּ Dt 13:18; so of spot, stain Jb 31:7. b. so also of abiding on the land of one’s tribe Nu 36:7, 9 (sq. בְּ). c. = remain with, close to sq. עִם Ru 2:8, 21 sq. בְּ v 23. 2. cling, cleave to, a. fig. of loyalty, affection etc., sometimes with idea of physical proximity retained, sq. בְּ Gn 2:24 (J; man to wife) cf. 34:3 (J) 1 K 11:2 Jos 23:12 (D); further Ru 1:14 (Ruth to Naomi); 2 S 20:2 (people to king); especially (sq. בְּ) of cleaving to י׳ Dt 11:22 (‖ אָהֵב, הָלַךְ בְּכָל־דְּרָכָיו) 30:20 (‖ אָהֵב, שָׁמַע בְּקֹלוֹ), Jos 22:5 (‖ אָהֵב, הָלַךְ וגו׳, שָׁמַר מִצְוֹתָיו); cf. further Dt 10:20; 13:5; Jos 23:8 (all D), 2 K 18:6; ψ 63:9 (sq. אַחֲרֵי) & ψ 119:31 דָּבַקְתּי בְעֵֽדְוֹתֶ֑יךָ; so b. of the opposite בְּחַטֹּאות יָֽרָבְעָם … דָּבֵ֑ק 2 K 3:3; c. subj. disease, calamity, sq. בְּ pers. Dt 28:60 2 K 5:27; sq. אַחֲרֵי Je 42:16; sq. acc. Gn 19:19 (J); subj. sin ψ 101:3 (sq. בְּ pers.) Pu. Impf. 3 mpl. יְדֻבָּ֑קוּ pass. of Hiph. 1. sq. בְּ, of crocodile’s scales, they are joined together Jb 41:9 (‖ יִתְלַכְּדוּ); abs. of earth-clods Jb 38:38. Hiph. Pf. 3 fs. sf. הִדְבִּיקָ֑תְהוּ Ju 20:42; 3 pl. sf. הִדְבִּיקֻהוּ 2 S 1:6; 1 s. הִדְבַּקְתִּי Je 13:11; וְהִדְבַּקְתִּי Ez 29:4; Impf. juss. יַדְבֵּק Dt 28:21; וַיַּדְבֵּק Gn 31:23; אַדְבִּיק Ez 3:26; וַיַּדְבִּיקוּ Ju 18:22; 20:45; וַיַּדְבְּקוּ 1 S 14:22 + 2 times (cf. Ges§ 53 R 4 Kö i 210). 1. cause to cling or cleave to, sq. acc. + אֶל, lit. וּלְשׁוֹנְךָ אַדְבִּיק אֶל־חִכֶּ֑ךָ Ez 3:26; v. also 29:4 (sq. acc. + בְּ; lit., but in metaph.); fig. of causing to cleave to י׳ Je 13:11 (sq. acc. + אֶל); cf. further Dt 28:21 (subj. י׳, sq. acc. of disease + בְּ). 2. pursue closely, sq. אַחֲרִי Ju 20:45 1 S 14:22; 1 Ch 10:2 = 1 S 31:2 (sq. acc.); so also 2 S 1:6 (sq. acc.) 3. overtake, sq. acc. Gn 31:23 (E), Ju 18:22; cf. 20:42 (subj. הַמִּלְחָמָה). Hoph. Pt. וּלְשׁוֹנִי מֻדְבָּק מַלְקוֹחָ֑י ψ 22:16 and my tongue is made to cleave (to) my gums; cf. sub Qal 1.
† I. מִדָּה n.f. measure, measurement, stature, size, garment (mostly late)—מ׳ Ex 26:2 + 35 times; cstr. מִדַּת Ez 40:21 + 2 times; pl. מִדּוֹת Ez 41:17 + 12 times; מִדּוֹתָיו ψ 133:2; מִדּוֹתֶיהָ 48:16;— 1. measure, act of measurement, i.e. long measure Ez 41:17 (del. Co), 42:15; 48:30, 33; cf. Jos 3:4 (P), 1 Ch 23:29, v. also Lv 19:35 (H); once of liquid measure, fig., Jb 28:25; קַו֯ה הַמּ׳ Je 31:39 measuring-line; חֶבֶל מ׳ Zc 2:5 (id.); קְנֵה הַמּ׳ measuring-reed Ez 40:3, 5; 42:16 (del. Co), v 16, 17, 18, 19. 2. measurement, size of curtains in tabern. Ex 26:2, 8; 36:9, 15 (all P); cf. 1 K 6:25; 7:37 (both ‖ קֶצֶב), v 9, 11 2 Ch 3:3 Ez 40:10(×2), 21, 22, 24, 28, 29, 32, 33, 35; 43:13; 46:22; 48:16; once of time, מִדַּת יָמַי ψ 39:5; prob. also Jb 11:9 (fig. of God’s wisdom) where מִדָּהּ = מִדָּתָהּ, cf. Sta§ 347, c. 2; בֵּית מִדּוֹת = house of size Je 22:14; אִישׁ מִדָּה = man of size, stature, 1 Ch 11:23; 20:6; so also prob. ‖ 2 S 21:20 (for ℌ מדין, Qr מָדוֹן, v. [מַד]), We Dr Kit Bu; pl. Nu 13:32 Is 45:14. 3. measured portion, extent, stretch (of wall) Ne 3:11, 19, 20, 21, 24, 27, 30, cf. Ez 45:3. 4. garment (pl. poet.) ψ 133:2.
† I. בָּרָא53 vb. shape, create (cf. Arabic بَرَى, form, fashion by cutting, shape out, pare a reed for writing, a stick for an arrow; بَرَأَ, create (loan-word); Ph. הברא CISi. 347 incisor, a trade involving cutting; Assyrian barû, make, create, COTGloss & Hpt KAT2 Gloss 1 but dub.; Sab. ברא found, build, DHMZMG 1883, 413, synon. בנה; BaZA 1888, 58, comp. Assyrian banû, create, beget, with change of liquid; Aramaic בְּרָא, ܒܪܳܐ, create)— Qal Pf. Gn 1:1 + 19 times; Impf. יִבְרָא Gn 1:21, 27 Nu 16:30; Inf. בְּרֹא Gn 5:1; Imv. בְּרָא ψ 51:12; Pt. בּוֹרֵא Is 42:5 + 10 times; sf. בֹּרַאֲךָ Is 43:1; בּוֹרְאֶיךָ Ec 12:1;—shape, fashion, create, always of divine activity, with acc. rei, seldom except in P and Is 2. 1. obj. heaven and earth Gn 1:1; 2:3 (P) Is 45:18, 18; mankind Gn 1:27(×3); 5:1, 2 (P) 6:7 (J) Dt 4:32 ψ 89:48 Is 45:12; the host of heaven Is 40:26; heavens Is 42:5; ends of the earth Is 40:28; north and south ψ 89:13; wind Am 4:13; the תנינים Gn 1:21 (P). 2. the individual man Mal 2:10 (‖ father) Ec 12:1; the smith and the waster Is 54:16(×2) Israel as a nation Is 43:15; Jacob Is 43:1; the seed of Israel Is 43:7. 3. new conditions and circumstances: righteousness and salvation Is 45:8; darkness and evil Is 45:7; fruit of the lips Is 57:19; a new thing חֲדָשָׁה (a woman encompassing a man) Je 31:22; בְּרִיאָה (swallowing up the Korahites) Nu 16:30 (J); cloud and flame over Zion Is 4:5. 4. of transformations: a clean heart ψ 51:12 (‖ חִדֵּשׁ; new heaven and earth Is 65:17 (in place of old); transformation of nature Is 41:20; with double acc. בורא ירושׁלם גילה transform Jerusalem into rejoicing Is 65:18. Niph. Pf. 2 fs. נִבְרֵאתְ Ez 21:35; 3 pl. נִבְרְאוּ Ex 34:10 + 2 times; Impf. יִבָּרֵא֑וּן ψ 104:30; Inf. sf. הִבָּרַאֲךָ Ez 28:13; הִבָּֽרְאָךְ Ez 28:15; הִבָּֽרְאָם Gn 2:4; 5:2; Pt. נִבְרָא ψ 102:19;—Pass. 1. be created: heaven and earth Gn 2:4 (P); creatures ψ 104:30; mankind Gn 5:2 (P); heavens ψ 148:5. 2. with reference to birth: במקום אשׁר נבראת in the place where thou wast created (i.e. native land) Ez 21:35; יום הבראך day when thou wast created (king of Tyre) Ez 28:13, 15 (cf. היום ילדתיך ψ 2:7); עַם נִבְרָא ψ 102:19 (‖ עַם נוֹלָד ψ 22:32). 3. of something new, astonishing: miracles Ex 34:10 (J); new things, חדשׁית Is 48:6. Pi. Pf. בֵּרֵאתָ Jos 17:15; בֵּרֵאתוֹ Jos 17:18; Inf. abs. בָּרֵא Ez 21:24(×2) 23:47;— 1. cut down: a forest Jos 17:15, 18 (J); וּבָרֵא אוֹתְהֶן בְּחַרְבוֹתָם Ez 23:47. 2. cut out: יָד hand, as an index Ez 21:24(×2).
† יָצַק vb. pour, cast, flow (Talm. id.)— Qal Pf. יָצַק Lv 8:15 + 2 times; וְיָצַק consec. 2:1; 14:15; וַיִּצֹק Lv 8:12 sf. יְצָקָם 1 K 7:46 2 Ch 4:17, etc.; Impf. יִצֹּק Lv 14:26 Nu 5:15; וַיִּצֹּק Gn 28:18 + 8 times; וַיִּ֫צֶק 1 K 22:35 (intrans.); 3 fs. וַתִּצֹּק 2 S 13:9; אֶצֹּק Is 44:3; אֶצָּק־ v 3; וַיִּֽצְקוּ 2 K 4:40; Imv. יְצֹק Ez 24:3; צַק 2 K 4:41; יִצְקוּ 1 K 18:34; Inf. צֶ֫קֶת Ex 38:27 Jb 38:38; Pt. pass. Jb 28:2 + 5 times; pl. יְצוּקִים 2 Ch 4:3; יְצֻקִים 1 K 7:24; יְצֻקוֹת v 30;— 1. pour, pour out, oil, in anointing, sq. acc. (שׁמן) + על Gn 28:18 (E), 35:14 (J); sq. מִשֶּׁמֶן + על Lv 8:12 (P); sq. על (שׁמן implied from context) Ex 29:7 (P), 1 S 10:1 2 K 9:3; sq. שֶׁמֶן + אֶל־ v 6; fig., c. רוּחִי + על Is 44:3; oil in sacrifice, + על Lv 2:1, 6 Nu 5:15; in cleansing, + על Lv 14:15, 26 (upon his palm; all P); oil into (על) vessels 2 K 4:4; water, for washing, + על 3:11; for drenching, + על 1 K 18:34; for boiling (into (בְ) the caldron), symbol., Ez 24:3; for satisfying thirst (fig.) + על Is 44:3; blood (of sacrifice) + אֶל־יְסוֹד Lv 8:15; 9:9 (P); pottage, for eating, 2 K 4:40, 41; cakes (לְבִבוֹת) 2 S 13:9; fig. of disease יָצוּק בּוֹ ψ 41:9 infused into him (al. less prob. as 3 molten, i. e. fixed upon). 2. cast (objects of metal) Ex 25:12; 26:37; 36:36; 37:3, 13; 38:5, 27 (all P), 1 K 7:46 = 2 Ch 4:17, 1 K 7:24, 30; 2 Ch 4:3. 3. Pt. pass. as adj. fig. cast, hard, of crocodile’s scales Jb 41:15; of crocodile’s heart v 16(×2) (as stone). 4. intrans. flow, pour, only וַיִּצֶ֫ק 1 K 22:35 (of blood), Jb 38:38 בְּצֶקֶת עָפָר לַמּוּצָק. Hiph. Impf. וַיַּצִּ֫קוּ 2 S 15:24; וַיַּצִּקֻם Jos 7:23; Pt. f. מֹי֯צָ֑קֶת 2 K 4:5;—pour (oil) 2 K 4:5, fig. of shekels of silver, etc., pour out Jos 7:23; of the ark, 2 S 15:24 set down (?); but read וַיַּצִּיגוּ (Dr Gr). Hoph. Pf. הוּצַק ψ 45:3; Impf. יוּצַק Lv 21:10 Jb 22:16; Pt. מוּצָ֑ק 1 K 7:23, 33 2 Ch 4:2 Jb 37:18; מֻצָק 11:15; cstr. מֻצַּק 1 K 7:16;— 1. be poured, subj. שֶׁמֶן, sq. על (in anointing), Lv 21:10 (H); fig. of foundation of wicked Jb 22:16, v. Di; of grace חֵן, on lips, ψ 45:3 (sq. ב), v. Che. 2. Pt. = cast, molten הים המ׳ 1 K 7:23 = 2 Ch 4:2, ראי Jb 37:18; as pred. 1 K 7:33; cstr. as subst. מֻֽצַּק נְחֹשֶׁת 1 K 7:16. 3. Pt., fig. firmly established, pred. of pers., וְהָיִיתָ מ׳ Jb 11:15 and thou shalt be established (‖ לֹא תִירָא). Cf. צוּק²" dir="rtl" >II צוק (p. 848).
† [נָדַח] vb. impel, thrust, banish (especially Dt. Je. and later) (NH id., beguile, Hiph. Niph.; Aramaic נְדַח (rare) = BH; Ethiopic ነድሐ thrust; Arabic نَدَخَ is drive a ship to shore);— Qal Impf. יִדַּח 2 S 14:14; Inf. לִנְדֹּחַ Dt 20:19;—trans. 1. impel (i.e. wield) an axe, sq. עַל־ Dt 20:19; 2. thrust away, banish, sq. מִן־ 2 S 14:14. Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִדְּחָה Jb 6:13, etc.; (Impf. יִדַּ֫חוּ Je 23:12 v. דחח); Pt. נִדָּח 2 S 14:14; נִדָּחָה Mi 4:6 + 2 times; נִדַּ֫חַת Ez 34:4, 16, etc. On נִדְחֵי Is 11:12; 56:8; ψ 147:2 v. Ki Köi. 317;— 1. be impelled: וְנדְּחָה יָדוֹ בַּגַּרְזֶן be impelled with the axe Dt 19:5. 2. be thrust out, banished: of dispersion in exile, sq. שָׁם Je 40:12; 43:5 (‖ שׁוּב); sq. לִפְנֵי 49:5 (‖ קִבֵּץ); cf. also fig. תֻּשִׁיָּה נִדְּחָה מִמֶּנִּי Jb 6:13 is banished from me, i.e. is non-existent; especially Pt. banished one(s), outcast(s), as acc. cogn. c. נָדַח 2 S 14:14; c. קִבֵּץ Mi 4:6; Dt 30:4; Zp 3:19; Ne 1:9; נ׳ יִשִׂרָאֵל, c. אָסַף Is 11:12 (‖ נְפֻצוֹת יְקַבֵּץ); c. קִבֵּץ 56:8; c. כִּנֵּס ψ 147:2; c. הֵשִׁיב 2 S 14:13; Ez 34:4, 16 (both ‖ אֹבֵד); c. בּוֹא Is 27:13 (‖ id.); v. also Is 16:3, 4 Je 49:36; outcast = neglected one, fig. of Zion 30:17 (‖ דֹּרֵשׁ אֵין לָהּ). 3. driven away (from herd, i.e.) straying Dt 22:1. 4. thrust away, aside, from י׳ to idolatry Dt 4:19; 30:17 (sq. וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוָה). Pu. Pt. אֲפֵלָה מְנֻדָּח Is 8:22 thrust into darkness. Hiph. Pf. וְהִדִּיחַ consec. 2 S 15:14; הִדַּ֫חְתִּי Je 23:3; 29:14, etc.; Impf. sf. וַיַּדַּח 2 Ch 21:11 + 2 K 17:21 Qr; וַיַּדִּ֫יחוּ Dt 13:14, etc.; Imv. sf. הַדִּיחֵ֫מוֹ ψ 5:11; Inf. הַדִּיחַ 62:5, etc.;— 1. thrust, move, impel, fig., obj. רָעָה 2 S 15:14 (sq. עַל־). 2. thrust out, banish, especially of exile, subj. י׳, c. acc. sq. שָׁ֫מָּה Dt 30:1 Je 46:28; 16:15 (‖ הֶעֱלָה); sq. שָׁם Je 8:3; 24:9; 29:18 Dn 9:7 + Ez 4:13 (om. 𝔊 Co); Je 23:3 (‖ קִבֵּץ), v 8 (‖ הֶעֱלָה, הֵבִיא), 29:14 (‖ קִבֵּץ, הֵשִׁיב, so 32:37; also 27:10 (‖ הַרְחִיק), v 15 (‖ אָבַד), cf. 23:2 (Judah under fig. of flock, subj. evil shepherd, ‖ הֵפִיץ), 50:17 (Isr. as sheep, subj. enemies as lions); of driving out priests 2 Ch 13:9; invader Jo 2:20 (sq. אֶל־); wicked ψ 5:11 (‖ הַאֲשִׁימֵם); good man from his eminence ψ 62:5 (sq. מִן). 3. thrust away, aside, from י׳ to idolatry, c. acc., Dt 13:14; sq. מִן־הַדֶּרֶךְ v 6; מֵעַל י׳ v 11; מֵאַחֲרֵי י׳ 2 K 17:21 Qr (Kt v. נדא); cf. 2 Ch 21:11 (‖ הִזְנָה). 4. compel, force, subj. adulteress (by flattery), sq. acc. Pr 7:21 (‖ הִטָּה). Hoph. Pt. מֻדָּח chased, hunted, צְבִי מ׳ Is 13:14, sim. of fugitive Babylonians.
† בָּקַע vb. cleave, break open or through (NH id., MI15 מבקע השחרת from break of dawn; Aramaic בְּקַע; cf. Ethiopic በቍዐ profit, be useful, orig. findere, aperire, Di)— Qal Pf. בָּקַע ψ 78:13, בָּֽקְעָה Is 34:15, בָּקַעְתָּ Ne 9;11 ψ 74:15, וּבָֽקַעְתָּ֫ Ez 29:7; Impf. וַיִּבְקַע Ju 15:19 Is 48:21, וַיִּבְקְעוּ 2 S 23:16 = 1 Ch 11:18, וַיִּבְקָעוּהָ 2 Ch 21:17; Imv. וּבְקָעֵהוּ Ex 14:16; Inf. cstr. sf. בִּקְעָם Am 1:13 2 Ch 32:1; Pt. act. בּוֹקֵעַ Is 63:12 Ec 10:9, בֹּקֵעַ ψ 141:7;— 1. cleave, cleave open, sq. acc. Ju 15:19 God cleft open the hollow (הַמַּכְתֵּשׁ), and water came out, cf. Is 48:21 (obj. צוּר), also ψ 74:15 bring forth by cleaving, obj. מַעְיָן וָנָחַ֑ל, all three of divine operation; cleave or rip open pregnant women Am 1:13; of a broken staff, tearing the shoulder Ez 29:7 (but read כַּף hand for כָּתֵף, 𝔊 𝔙 Sm (?) Co); cleave wood Ec 10:9 (‖ מַסִּיעַ אֲבָנִים); of ploughing (furrowing) the earth ψ 141:7 (‖ פֹּלֵחַ; in sim.); especially of dividing the sea, Ex 14:16 (P) Ne 9:11 ψ 78:13, cf. Is 63:12, obj. מַיִם;—in all these subj. י׳ except Ex 14:16 where he commands Moses; of hatching out (a brood, but no obj. expr.) Is 34:15, subj. קִפּוֹז arrow-snake. 2. break through or into, sq. בְּ 2 S 23:16 = 1 Ch 11:18; sq. acc. 2 Ch 21:17 וַיַּעֲלוּ בִיהוּדָה וַיִּבְקָעוּהָ; also 32:1, obj. suff. ref. to cities, ויאמר לְבִקְעָם אֵלָיו and he thought to break into them and so bring them unto himself. Niph. Pf. נִבְקַע Jb 26:8 Zc 14:4 (וְ consec.); נִבְקְעוּ Gn 7:11 Is 35:6, נִבְקָ֑עוּ 2 Ch 25:11 Pr 3:20; Impf. יִבָּקַע Is 58:8, יִבָּקֵ֑עַ Jb 32:19; 3 fs. תִּבָּקַע Is 59:5, וַתִּבָּקַע Nu 16:31 + 3 times; Inf. cstr. לְהִבָּקֵעַ Ez 30:16;— 1. be cleft, rent open, subj. the ground, הָֽאֲדָמָה Nu 16:31 (J), הָאָרֶץ 1 K 1:40 (hyperb.) mountain Zc 14:4; burst open, of men hurled from rock 2 Ch 25:12; of cloud beneath its weight of water Jb 26:8; hyperb. of belly full of words seeking a vent, Jb 32:19 like new wine-skins it will burst open; so of the water-receptacles (מעינות) of the great deep, at the flood Gn 7:11, of the water-masses themselves, תהומות Pr 3:20, מים ונחלים Is 35:6; also of the Red Sea, וַיִּבָּקְעוּ המים Ex 14:21; of light breaking forth Is 58:8 (fig.); of serpent’s egg hatching out as a viper Is 59:5 הַזּוּרֶה תִּבָּקַע אֶפְעֶה. 2. be broken into, of city captured by breaches in walls 2 K 25:4 = Je 52:7, Ez 30:16. Pi. Pf. בִּקֵּעַ 2 K 15:16 Jb 28:10, וּבִקַּעְתִּ֫י Ez 13:13, בִּקֵּ֑עוּ Is 59:5; Impf. יְבַקַּע ψ 78:15, וַיְבַקַּע Gn 22:3; 3 fs. תְּבַקֵּעַ Ez 13:11, תְּבַקְּעֵם Ho 13:8; 2 ms. תְּבַקַּע־ Hb 3:9, תְּבַקֵּ֑עַ 2 K 8:12; 2 fpl. וַתְּבַקַּעְנָה 2 K 2:24;—cleave, cut to pieces, or rend open (often more complete or more violent than Qal), sq. acc., of cleaving wood Gn 22:3 i.e. cut it up for burning, so 1 S 6:14; of ripping open pregnant women 2 K 8:12; 15:16; of tearing in pieces children 2 K 2:24; cf. also Ho 13:8 (fig.); of cleaving open rocks, to bring forth water ψ 78:15 (subj God); of cutting mining-shafts Jb 28:10 בַּצּוּרוֹת יְאֹרִים בּ׳; נְהָרוֹת תְּבַקַּע־אָ֑רֶץ Hb 3:9 into rivers thou cleavest (the) earth; break through or down (a wall, but no obj. expr.), Ez 13:11 רוּחַ סְעָרוֹת תְּבַקֵּ֑עַ (but Co תִּבָּקֵעַ), cf. v 13 וּבִקַּעְתִּי רוּחַ סְעָרוֹת בַּחֲמָתִי of hatching eggs Is 59:5 בֵּיצֵי צִפְעוֹנִי בִּקֵּ֑עוּ (fig.) Pu. Impf. יְבֻקָּ֑עוּ Ho 14:1; Pt. מְבֻקָּעָה Ez 26:10, מְבֻקָּעִים Jos 9:4;—be ripped open, of women Ho 14:1 (vb. of masc. form); rent, of old wine-skins Jos 9:4; broken into, of a city in whose walls a breach has been made Ez 26:10. Hiph. Impf. 1 pl. sf. וְנַבְקִעֶנָּה Is 7:6; Inf. cstr. לְהַבְקִיעַ 2 K 3:26;—break into, sq. sf. ref. to Judah, Is 7:6 ונב׳ אֵלֵינוּ let us break into it, lay it open, and so bring it unto ourselves (cf. Qal 2 Ch 32:1); break through (abs.) with sword, שֹׁלֵף חֶרֶב לְהַבְקִיעַ אֶל־מֶלֶךְ אֱדוֹם 2 K 3:26. Hoph. Pf. 3 fs. הָבְקְעָה הָעִיר Je 39:2 the city was broken into, entrance was made by a breach. Hithp. Pf. הִתְבַּקָּ֑עוּ Jos 9:13, Impf. יִתְבּקָּ֑עוּ Mi 1:4;—burst (themselves) open, of wine-skins Jos 9:13; cleave asunder, of valleys Mi 1:4.
[כָּבַס51] vb. (tread), wash (NH id.; Ph. כבס as pt.; Assyrian kabâsu, tread, (down), subjugate, kilšu, step, path, DlHWB)— Qal Pt. only מְסִלַּת שְׂדֵה כוֹבֵס highway of fuller’s (= treader’s, washer’s) field Is 7:3; 36:2 = 2 K 18:17. Pi. Pf. וְכִּבֶּס consec. Lv 13:6 + 11 times; כִּבֵּס Gn 49:11 2 S 19:25, etc.; Impf. יְכַבֵּס Lv 11:25 + 16 times; 2 ms. sf. תְּכַבְּסֵנִי ψ 51:9, etc.; Imv. sf. כַּבְּסֵנִי 51:4; fs. כַּבְּסִי Je 4:14; Pt. pl. מְכַבְּסִים Mal 3:2;— 1. wash garments (i.e. by treading) Ex 19:10, 14 (E), 2 S 19:25; fig. of Judah Gn 49:11; elsewhere chiefly P: Lv 6:20; 11:25, 28; 13:6, 34; 15:11; Nu 8:9 +; ‖ רָחץ (which = wash person) Lv 14:8, 9; 15:5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11 + (כ׳ in Lv 27 times, ‖ ר׳ 15 times; in Nu 8 times, ‖ ר׳ 3 times); Pt. = fuller (cf. Qal), only בֹּרִית מְכ׳ Mal 3:2. †2. wash person, only poet. and fig. אִם תְּכַבְּסִי בַּנֶּתֶר Je 2:22; כַּבְּסִי מֵרָעָה לִבֵּךְ 4:14; c. sf. ψ 51:4 (‖ טהר; + מֵעָוֹן); v 9 (‖ חִטֵּא). †Pu. Pf. וְכֻבַּס consec. Lv 13:58; 15:17 be washed, of garment. †Hothp. (Ges§ 54, 3) Inf. אַחֲרֵי הֻכַּבֵּס אֶת־הַנֶּגַע Lv 13:55 after the plague is washed out, so v 56.
† נָגַף vb. strike, smite (Aramaic נְגַף);— Qal Pf. נ׳ 2 Ch 13:15; Is 19:22 (וְ consec.); sf. נְגָפוֹ 2 Ch 21:18, etc.; Impf. יִגֹּף Ex 21:35 + 2 times; וַיִּגֹּף Ex 32:35 + 4 times; אֶגּוֹף ψ 89:24 +, etc.; Inf. abs. נָגֹף Is 19:22; cstr. לִנְגֹּף Ex 12:23(×2); נָגְפוֹ v 27;—strike, smite, of serious (even fatal) injury, sq. acc. pers. Ex 21:22, 35 (E); one’s foot against (בְּ) stone ψ 91:12; abs. (stumble) Pr 3:23; especially of judgment, subj. י׳, obj. individ. (fatal stroke) 1 S 25:38; 26:10; 2 S 12:15; 2 Ch 13:20; 21:18 (לָחֳלִי); obj. people (abs.) Ex 12:23(×2), 27 (JE), 32:35 Jos 24:5 (E), Is 19:22, cf. v 22; v. also ψ 89:24; cf. c. acc. cogn. מַגֵּפָה Zc 14:12, 18; 2 Ch 21:14 (sq. also בְּעַמֶּ֑ךָ); c. בְּ instr. Ex 7:27; of causing defeat in battle, sq. acc. + לִפְנֵי Ju 20:35 1 S 4:3 2 Ch 13:15; 14:11. Niph. Pf. נִגַּף 2 S 10:15; נִגְּפוּ v 19 + 2 times, etc.; Impf. יִנָּגֵף 2 Ch 6:24; וַיִּנָּגֵף 1 S 4:2 + 4 times; Inf. abs. נִגּוֹף Ju 20:39; cstr. הִנָּגֵף 1 K 8:33; Pt. נִגָּף Dt 28:25; Ju 20:39, etc.;—be smitten, bef. enemy, in battle, sq. לִפְנֵי Ju 20:32, 39(×2) 1 S 4:2; 7:10; 2 S 10:15, 19; 18:7; 1 K 8:33; 2 K 14:12; 1 Ch 19:16, 19; 2 Ch 6:24; 25:22; Lv 26:17; Nu 14:42; Dt 1:42; abs. Ju 20:36; 1 S 4:10; 2 S 2:17; 2 Ch 20:22; Pt. after נָתַן, sq. לִפְנֵי Dt 28:7, 25 Vid. נָגַע" dir="rtl" >נָגַע Niph. Hithp. Impf. יִתְנַגְּפוּ Je 13:16 = stumble, subj. רַגְלֵיכֶם, sq. על (loc.); cf. Qal (ψ 91:12) and נֶ֫גֶף" dir="rtl" >נֶגֶף 2.
סָמַךְ48 vb. lean, lay, rest, support (NH id.; Ph. in n.pr. Lzb 317, 329; Aramaic סְמַךְ, ܣܡܰܟ; also Ethiopic ((ሰመከ) አስመከ) cause to lean upon, etc. Di 335; Arabic سَمَكَ is be high, ascend, raise, uplift, سَمْكٌ roof);— Qal41 Pf. 3 ms. ס׳ Dt 34:9; Ez 24:2, וְסָמַךְ consec. Am 5:19 +; 3 fs. סָֽמְכָה ψ 88:8, sf. סְמָכָ֑תְהוֹ Is 59:16, סְמָכָ֑תְנִי 63:5, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּסְמֹךְ Lv 8:14; Nu 27:23, sf. יִסְמְכֵ֫נִי ψ 3:6, etc.; Imv. ms. sf. סָמְכֵנִי ψ 119:116; Pt. act. סוֹמֵךְ Is 63:5 + 3 times; pl. cstr. סֹמְכֵי Ez 30:6 ψ 54:6; pass. סָמוּךְ Is 26:3 ψ 112:8; pl. סְמוּכִים 111:8;— 1. a. lean or lay hand upon (עַל־): Am 5:19; elsewhere in sacred rite: on head of sacrif. victim, as those who share in sacrif., Ex 29:10, 15, 19; Lv 1:4 + 12 times Lv, Nu 8:12 (all P), 2 Ch 29:23; so of Levites, presented to י׳ Nu 8:10 (P); on head of blasphemer Lv 24:14 (P; as witnesses of his guilt); on head of Joshua in consecration (Moses subj.) Nu 27:18, 23; Dt 34:9 (all P). b. intrans. ψ 88:8 thy wrath hath rested upon me (עָלַי); also סָמַךְ מֶלֶךְ־בָּבֶל אֶל־ Ez 24:2 hath leaned against, rested his weight upon, Jerusalem, i.e. invested (Toy), begun the siege of it. †2. support, uphold, sustain, only fig.: c. 2 acc. Gn 27:37 (J) with corn and must have I sustained him, provided sustenance for him, cf. (of י׳) ψ 51:14; uphold Egypt Ez 30:6; abs. Is 63:5; especially of י׳ upholding, sustaining Is 59:16; 63:5 ψ 3:6; 37:17, 24; 54:6 (on בְּ essentiae v. Ges§ 119 i, בְּ supr. 7 a), 119:116; 145:14; so pt. pass. ψ 111:8 they are sustained, i.e. maintained (י׳’s commands), סָמוּךְ לִבּוֹ 112:8 his heart is sustained, firm, and so יֵצֶר ס׳ Is 26:3. †Niph. Pf. 1 s. נִסְמַ֫כְתִּי ψ 71:6; 3 pl. נִסְמָ֑כוּ Is 48:2; Impf. יִסָּמֵךְ 2 K 18:21 Is 36:6, וַיִּסָּמֵךְ Ju 16:29; 3 mpl. וַיִּסָּֽמְכוּ 2 Ch 32:8;—reflex. support, or brace oneself, also c. עַל־: Ju 16:29 and he braced himself against (upon) them (the pillars): 2 K 18:21 (if) a man support himself on it (Egypt as a cracked reed) = Is 36:6; on cheering words 2 Ch 32:8; on God Is 48:2 ψ 71:6. †Pi. Imv. mpl. sf. + בְּ instr.: סַמְּכוּנִי Ct 2:5 sustain (refresh, revive) me with raisin-cakes.
† שַׂק n.m. Jos 9:4 sack sackcloth (v. SchwallyZAW xi (1891), 173 who conj. Egyptian origin; NH סַק sackcloth (rare); Assyrian šaḳḳu, sack (DlHWB 687 a), sackcloth (WklAltor. Forsch. vi. 44); Ethiopic ሠቅ = BH; Aramaic סַקָּא, ܣܰܩܳܐ; Gk. σάκκος LewyFremdw. 87);—abs. שׂ׳ Gn 37:34 +, שָׂ֑ק Je 48:37 +; sf. שַׂקִּי ψ 30:12, etc.; pl. שַׂקִּים Jos 9:4 +, sf. שַׂקֵּיהֶם Gn 42:35;— 1. sack, for grain Gn 42:25, 27 (‖ אַמְתַּחַת), v 35(×2) (E), Jos 9:4 (JE), perhaps also Lv 11:32 (P). 2. sackcloth: a. worn in mourning and humiliation (v. NowArch. i. 192 f. SACookEncy. Bib. s.v.), either loose garment like sack, or piece of similar material (of rough, dark hair), fastened round body: put (שִׂים) on loins Gn 37:34 (J), 1 K 20:31, on (bare) flesh 21:27 2 K 6:30, cf. Je 48:37 Jb 16:15 (c. תָּפַר); וְהַעֲלֵיתִי עַל־כָּל־מָתְנַיִם שׂ׳ Am 8:10; usually חָגַר שַק 2 S 3:31 Is 15:3; 22:12, cf. 3:24, Je 4:8; 6:26; 49:3 Ez 7:18; 27:31 1 K 20:32 Jo 1:8 La 2:10; כִּסָּה בַּשּׂ׳ 2 K 19:1, 2 = Is 37:1, 2, Jon 3:6, 8 1 Ch 21:16, fig. of heavens (cf. קָדַר), שׂ׳ אָשִׂים כְּסוּתָם Is 50:3; late לָבַשׁ שׂ׳ put on sackcloth Jon 3:5 Est 4:1, cf. v:2 ψ 35:13; 69:12; בְּצוֹם וְשׂ׳ Ne 9:1, cf. Dn 9:3; פִּתַּח שׂ׳ loosen sackcloth Is 20:2 (+ מֵעַל), ψ 30:12 (opp. שִׂמְחָה), הֵסִיר שׂ׳ מֵעַל Est 4:4. b. same garment (or material) spread out (to lie on), 2 S 21:10 (c. הִטָּה), Is 58:5 (c. הִצִּיעַ), cf. Est 4:3; וַיִּשְׁכַּב בַּשׂ׳ 1 K 21:27, לִינוּ בַּשּׂ׳ Jo 1:13.
κρᾰτ-έω, Aeolic dialect κρετέω, aorist infinitive κρέτησαι Refs 7th c.BC+ — middle, aorist ἐπι-κρατησάμενοιRefs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, future κρατήσομαι Refs 1st c.AD+ and, with variant{κρατηθήσομαι}, Refs 5th c.BC+:—to be strong, powerful: hence, __I absolutely, rule, hold sway, Ἤλιδα.., ὅθι κρατέουσιν Ἐπειοί Refs 8th c.BC+; μέγα κρατέων ἤνασσε with mighty sway.., Refs 8th c.BC+; ὁ κρατῶν the ruler, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ κρατοῦσα the lady of the house Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.2 in Poets, with dative, rule among, μέγα κρατέεις νεκύεσσιν Refs 8th c.BC+; Φθίᾳ rule in Phthia, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.3 with genitive, to be lord or master of, rule over, πάντων Ἀργείων, πάντων, Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. τοῦ βίου to be master of.., Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ μὴ πείθεσθαι τοῖς νόμοις κρατῆσαι to be above obedience.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II conquer, prevail, get the upper hand, absolutely, Refs 5th c.BC+; πλοῖα; πάλᾳ, ἱπποδρομίᾳ, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν μάχην variant for{τῇ μάχῃ} in Refs 1st c.BC+; πάντα in all things, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ κρατοῦντες the conquerors, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.b to be superior, πλήθους ἕκατι ναυσὶν κρατῆσαι Refs 4th c.BC+: absolutely, to be the best, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.c of reports, etc., prevail, become current, φάτις κρατεῖ Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 c.infinitive, prevail so that, κ. τῷ πλήθει ὥστε μὴ αὐτίκα τὰς πύλας ἀνοίγεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+ 'tis better to.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 c.genitive, conquer, prevail over, τῶν ἐναντίων Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. τῆς διαβολῆς get the better of it, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ λόγος τοῦ ἔργου ἐκράτει surpassed, went beyond it, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ φύσις.. τῶν διδαγμάτων κρατεῖ is better than.., Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3.b of food, digest, assimilate, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 c.accusative, conquer, master, Refs 5th c.BC+; μάχῃ, τῷ πολέμῳ τινά, Refs 5th c.BC+; πάχει μάκει τε in.., Refs 5th c.BC+; outdo, τοὺς φίλους εὖ ποιῶν Refs 5th c.BC+; surpass, κρατεῖ δὲ ὁ τῆς ἡδονῆς [βίος] τὸν τῆς φρονήσεως Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be overcome, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III become master of, get possession of, τῆς ἀρχῆς, τῶν νεκρῶν, Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. τῆς λέξεως have it at command, remember it, Refs 2nd c.AD+; master by the intellect, πάντων τῶν τῆς ἱστορίας μερῶν Refs 2nd c.BC+:—passive, to be mastered, δεῖ ἐν ταῖς τέχναις καὶ ἐπιστήμαις ταῦτα κρατεῖσθαι Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV lay hold of, τῆς χειρός LXX+NT __IV.2 c.accusative of things, seize, win and keep, especiallyby force, πᾶσαν αἶαν Refs 5th c.BC+; seize, hold fast, arrest, τινα NT+2nd c.BC+; secure, grasp, τὴν ἀκατονόμαστον ΤριάσαRefs 5th c.BC+ __IV.3 hold up, support, τινα Refs 1st c.BC+; maintain a military post, Refs 5th c.BC+; hold fast, τὰς παραδόσεις NT; keep, retain, Refs 2nd c.BC+:—passive, οὐκ ἦν δυνατὸν κρατεῖσθαι αὐτὸν ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ (i.e. τοῦ θανάτου) NT; ἡ κτῆσις τοῖς τέκνοις κεκράτηται has been reserved for, settled upon, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __IV.4 in Law, possess a title to, κ. καὶ κυριεύειν c.genitive, Refs 3rd c.AD+: absolutely, tumult, uproar, Refs 8th c.BC+ __IV.5 hold in the hand, ὁ κρατῶν τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἀδτέρας ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ NT+1st c.AD+, etc.; δακτύλιον Refs 4th c.AD+ __IV.6 endure, put up with, τὸν ἀργυροπράτην Refs 6th c.AD+ __V control, command, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, αἰσχρὰ τῷ νόμῳ κρατούμενα controlled by.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __VI repair, make good, τὸ βεδὲκ (Hebrew) τοῦ οἴκου LXX
† I. [פָּרַר] vb. Hiph. break, frustrate (NH Pi. crumble; J.Aram פְּרַר; Assyrian parâru, destroy; ii. shatter; Liḥy. והפרו destroy, DHMEpigr. Denkm., No. 21, 7);—Pf. 3 ms. הֵפֵר Is 33:8 +, הֵפַ֑ר Gn 17:14 Nu 15:31; also metaplastic form הֵפִיר Ez 17:19 ψ 33:10 (Ges§ 67 v); 2 ms. וְהֵפַרְתָּ֫ה 2 S 15:34, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָפֵר Nu 30:13 +, וַיָּ֫פֶר Ne 4:9, etc.; also 1 s. אָפִיר ψ 89:34 (Gesl.c.); Imv. ms. הָפֵר 2 Ch 16:3 ψ 85:5, הָפֵ֫רָה 1 K 15:19; Inf. abs>. הָפֵר Pr 15:22 +; cstr. לְהָפֵר 2 S 17:14 +, לְהָפֵיר Zc 11:10, sf. לְהַפְרְכֶם Lv 26:15 (Ges§ 67 dd); Pt. מֵפֵר Is 44:25 Jb 5:12;— 1. break, violate, especially c. acc. בְּרִית: a. of י׳ Ju 2:1 Je 14:21 Lv 26:44 Zc 11:10. b. of men violating covenant with י׳ Je 11:10; 31:32 Dt 31:16, 20 Lv 26:15 Ez 44:7 Gn 17:14 Is 24:5, Je 33:20 Ez 16:59. c. of men breaking compact, league (with men), Is 33:8 1 K 15:19 = 2 Ch 16:3, Ez 17:15, 16, 18, 19. d. of destroying the אַחֲוָה between Judah and Israel Zc 11:14. e. of breaking י׳’s מִצְוָה Nu 15:31 Ezr 9:14, תּוֹרָה ψ 119:126. 2. frustrate, make ineffectual: a. counsel (עֵצָה) 2 S 15:34; 17:14 Ezr 4:5; י׳ subj. Ne 4:9 ψ 33:10; of man frustrating י׳’s counsel Is 14:27, so, c. acc. מִשְׁפָּט Jb 40:8; c. acc. מַחֲשָׁבוֹת in gen., of men Pr 15:22, י׳ subj. Jb 5:12, so, c. acc. אֹתוֹת Is 44:25. b. make vow (נֶדֶר) ineffectual, annul it Nu 30:9, 14 (opp. הֵקִים), v 13, also (Impf. + Inf. abs.) v 13, 16. c. of annulling (godly) fear Jb 15:4; חַסְדִּי לֹא אָפִיר מֵעִמּוֹ ψ 89:34 read prob. אָסִיר Ol Che Bae al.; הָפֵר בַּעַסְךָ 85:4 (read הָסֵר 𝔊 Bi Che). d. וְתָפֵר הָאֲבִיּוֹנָה Ec 12:5 is dub.: De Wild al. fails (to excite [?וְתֻפַר Hoph. is made ineffectual]); Ew bursts (Siegf וְתֻפַר); but caper-berry not dehiscent (PostFlora of Syriac 106 ff. M’Lean-DyerEncy. Bib. 696); PostLetter, July 28, 1901 breaks up (by shrivelling), fig. of failing sexual power; Aq from פרה bear fruit (cf. GFMJBL x (1891), 60); PerlesAnal. 30 וְתִפְרַח. Hoph. Impf. 1. be frustrated, 3 fs. וְתֻפָ֑ר Is 8:10 (of עֵצָה). 2. be broken, of covenant, 3 fs. תֻּפַר Je 33:21; וַתֻּפַר Zc 11:11; so Is 28:18 (read וְתֻפַר for וְכֻפַּר, v. כ׳). Phip. Impf. 3 ms. sf. וַיְפַרְפְּרֵנִי Jb 16:12 he hath shattered me.
† פָּגַע vb. meet, encounter, reach (NH id.; Aramaic פְּגַע, ܦܓܰܥ; poss. akin to Arabic فَجَأَ, فَجِىَٔ happen to, light upon; فَجَعَ is pain, afflict);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ 1 K 2:32 +, sf. וּפְגָעוֹ consec. Am 5:19, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּפְגַּע Gn 28:11 +; 1 pl. נְפְגַּע Jb 21:15, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּגַע Ju 8:21 +; mpl. פִּגְעוּ Gn 23:8; Inf. cstr. לִפִגֹּעַ 1 S 22:17, sf. פִּגְעוֹ Nu 35:19, 21;— 1. meet, light upon, c. acc. pers. 1 S 10:5 Ex 5:20 (J), c. sf. pers. Am 5:19; פ׳ שׁוֹר Ex 23:4; c. ב pers. Gn 32:2 (E), Nu 35:19, 21 (P); c. ב loc. Gn 28:11 (E). 2. meet, with kindness, c. acc. pers. Is 64:4 (subj. י׳), so 47:3 according to Ew De Di al.; CheHpt. אֶפְרַע (reading, with Du, אמר for אָדָם). 3. encounter with hostility, fall upon c. ב pers. Jos 2:16 (JE), Ju 8:21; 15:12; 18:25 1 S 22:17, 18(×2) 2 S 1:15 1 K 2:25, 29, 31, 32, 34, 46 Ru 2:22; of God, c. acc. (sf.), + ב instr. Ex 5:3. 4. encounter with request, entreat, c. ב pers. Je 7:16 Jb 21:15, sq. cl. Je 27:18 Ru 1:16, + ל pers. on whose behalf Gn 23:8. 5. strike, touch, of boundary, c. ב loc. Jos 16:7; 19:11, 22, 26, 27, 34(×2), cf. 17:10; c. אֶל loc. 19:11. Hiph. 1. cause to light upon, Pf. 3 ms. הִפְגִּיעַ c. acc. rei + ב pers. Is 53:6. 2. cause one (acc.) to entreat 1 s. הִפְגַּעְתִּי (ב pers.) Je 15:11 (otherwise Gie; Co del. v. as gloss). 3. make entreaty, 3 pl. הִפְגִּעוּ Je 36:25 c. ב pers.; more gen. interpose, Impf. 3 ms. יַפְגִּיעַ Is 53:12, c. ל pers. in whose behalf; Pt. מַפְגִּיעַ 59:16 one interposing. 4. make attack, only Pt. Jb 36:32 assailant, but Ol Bu Du al. מִפְגָּע mark.
† [חָגַר] vb. gird, gird on, gird oneself (NH id., Aramaic חֲגַר; Arabic حَجَرَ hinder, restrain, so Syriac ܚܓܰܪ; Assyrian agâru, surround, in deriv., DlW 105 ff.; Sab. מחגרת (cf. Arabic مَحْجِرٌ, مَحَاجِر, enclosed space, district, etc.), DHM in MV; also n.pr. dei and loc. חגר, Sab. Denkm3.81.93 CISiv. 1, No. 49 etc.)— Qal Pf. 3 fs. חָֽגְרָה Pr 31:17; 2 ms. וְהָגַרְתָּ֫ Ex 29:9; 3 pl. חָֽגְרוּ Is 15:3 La 2:10; וְח׳ consec. Ez 7:18; 27:31; Impf. 3 ms. יַחְגֹּר Lv 16:4, וַיַּחְגֹּר Lv 8:7(×2) + 4 times; sf. יַחְגְּרֶ֑הָ ψ 109:19; 2 ms. תַּחְגֹּר ψ 76:11 (but on text v. infr.); 3 mpl. יַחְגְּרוּ Ez 44:18 2 S 22:46 (but on text of both v. infr.), וַיַּחְגְּרוּ 1 S 25:13 1 K 20:32; 3 fpl. תַּחְגֹּרְנָה ψ 65:13; 2 mpl. וַתַּחְגְּרוּ De 1:41; Imv. ms. חֲגֹר 2 K 4:29; 9:1, חֲגוֹר ψ 45:4; fs. חִגְרִי־ Je 6:26; mpl. חִגְרוּ 1 S 25:13 + 3 times; fpl. חֲגֹרְנָה Je 49:3, cf. חֲג֖וֹרָה Is 32:11 (v. infr.); Inf. cstr. לַחֲגֹר Is 22:12; Pt. act. חֹגֵר 1 K 20:11 2 K 3:21; pass. m. חָגוּר Ju 18:11 + 5 times; f. cstr. חֲגֻרַת־ Jo 1:8; pl. חֲגוּרִים Ex 12:11 Ju 18:16; חֲגֻרִים Dn 10:5;— 1. trans., gird some one, with girdle; c. 2 acc. Ex 29:9 Lv 8:13 (both P); pass., girded with ephod (acc.) 1 S 2:18 2 S 6:14; sq. בְּ Dn 10:5, c. acc. and בְּ, fig. Pr 31:17, חגרה בְּעוז מתניה Lv 8:7(×2) (P), c. acc. מתנים gird up thy loins, i.e. make ready to go 2 K 4:29; 9:1, pass. Ex 12:11 (P); cf. prob. also חֲג֖וֹרָה עַל־חֲלָצָ֑יִם Is 32:11 gird upon the loins (2nd acc. om.); on verb. form as Imv. fpl. v. AE Ki Ew§ 226 a Di Du; > as ms. Ol§ 234 a Ges§ 48. 5 Sta§ 591 d Kö§ 20. 12. 2. gird on, bind on (= gird oneself with), a girdle ψ 109:19 (in sim.); so especially c. acc. שׂק, שׂקים of mourning Is 15:3; 22:12 La 2:10 Ez 7:18; 27:31 2 S 3:31 Je 4:8; 6:26; 49:3; also 1 K 20:32 (c. acc. שׂק + ב bef. מתנים); pass., sq. על bef. obj. of mourning Jo 1:8 (sim.); abs. (שׂק om.) Jo 1:13 (‖ ספדו); sq. חֶרֶב 1 S 25:13(×3) Dt 1:41; ψ 45:4 ח׳ חרב על יָרֵךְ, so Ju 3:16, 1 S 17:39 (sq. acc. + מֵעַל); c. acc. cogn. ח׳ חגורה 2 K 3:21; abs. 1 K 20:11; pass. Ju 18:11, 16, 17 2 S 20:8 b (where read חֶרֶב Klo Dr—not We), 21:16; read perhaps also חָגוּר for חֲגוֹר 20:8 c, so Klo Dr. 3. intr. gird oneself, sq. בְּ rei Lv 16:4 (P), so לֹא יַח׳ בַיָּ֑זַע they shall not gird themselves with sweat(?) Ez 44:18 (del. 𝔖 Co Sgfr); c. acc. rei (fig.) גִּיל גְּבָעוֹת תַּח׳ ψ 65:13 with rejoicing the hills gird themselves; cf. שְׁאֵרִית חֵמֹת תַּחְ׳ ψ 76:11 with a remnant (residue) of wraths thou girdest thyself, so Hi Hup De VB; but very doubtful; 𝔊 Bö; Ew read תְּחָגֶּ֑ךָ for תַּחגר; Bae Ka omit line as corrupt; cf. further Che and crit. n.—וְיַחְגְּרוּ 2 S 22:46 is textual error for וְיַחְרְגוּ, cf. ‖ ψ 18:46; so Now Hup Kit al.
† קָשַׁר vb. bind, league together, conspire (NH id., bind, join, קֶשֶׁר knot; 𝔗 קְטַר, Syriac ܩܛܰܪ bind (ט for ת after ק) NöZMG xl.735, who cp. also (‘perhaps’) Arabic قَسَرَ force to do a thing, Ethiopic ቈጸረ: bind);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. קָשַׁר Am 7:10; 1 K 16:16; 2 ms. sf. וּקְשַׁרְתָּם consec. Dt 6:8, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּקְשֹׁר 1 K 15:27 +, וַיִּקְשָׁר־ 2 K 15:30, etc.; Imv. ms. sf. קָשְׁרֵם Pr 3:3 +; Pt. act. pl. קשְׁרִים 2 S 15:31 +; pass. fs. קְשׁוּרָה Gn 44:30; Pr 22:15; pl. קְשֻׁרִים Gn 30:42;— 1. bind: a. lit., c. acc. rei + עַל Gn 38:28 (J), Je 51:63, + ב, Jos 2:18, 21 (JE); bind, confine, c. acc. רֵים Jb 39:10 (+ בְּתֶלֶם), acc. of crocod. 40:29. b. fig., c. acc. + עַל Dt 6:8; 11:18; Pr 3:3; 6:21; 7:3 (all of religious and moral precepts); c. ב, נַפְשׁוֹ קְשׁוּרָה בְנַפְשׁוֹ Gn 44:30 his life is bound up with his [viz. the boy’s] life (J; of strong affection); אִוֶּלֶת ק׳ בְלֶב־נָ֑עַר Pr 22:15. c. pt. pass. vigorous (proposes well-knit; opp. עֲטֻפִים) Gn 30:42 (J) 2. league together, conspire: c. על pers. against 1 S 22:8, 13; Am 7:10; 1 K 15:27; 16:9; 2 K 10:9; 15:10, 25; 21:23, 24 = 2 Ch 33:24, 25; 2 Ch 24:21; c. acc. cogn. קֶשֶׁר, 1 K 16:20; 2 K 12:21; 15:15, + עַל pers. 14:19 = 2 Ch 25:27; 2 K 15:30; abs. 1 K 16:16; Ne 4:2 (+ inf. purpose); c. עִם, together with, 2 S 15:31. Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִקְשְׁרָה 1 S 18:1 the life of Jonathan was bound up with the life of D. (Qal 1 b); Impf. 3 fs. וַתִּקָּשֵׁר כ��ּל־הַחוֹמָה Ne 3:38 all the wall was joined together (the circuit complete). Pi. Impf. 1. bind on (as ornament), 2 fs. sf. וּתְקַשְּׁרִים Is 49:18 (fig.; ‖ תִּלְבְּשִׁי). 2. bind fast, 2 ms. (הַ)תְקַשֵּׁר מַעֲדַנּוֹת כִּימָה Jb 38:31 canst thou bind fast the bands of the Pleiades? Pu. Pt. הַצֹּאן הַמְּקֻשָּׁרוֹת Gn 30:41 (J), = Qal 1 c. Hithp. conspire: Pf. 3 pl. הִתְקַשְּׁרוּ עַל־ 2 Ch 24:25 (‖ 2 K 12:21 Qal 2); Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּתְקַשֵּׁר אֶל־ 2 K 9:14; Pt. pl. הַמִּתְקַשְּׁרִים עָלָיו 2 Ch 24:26.
† I. שֶׁ֫בֶר, שֵׁ֫בֶר n.m. Je 4:5 breaking, fracture, crushing, breach, crash;—abs. שֶׁבֶר Is 51:19 +, שָׁ֑בֶר La 3:47; Pr 17;19, cstr. שֶׁבֶר Is 1:28 +, שֵׁבֶר Am 6:6 +; sf. שִׁבְרִי Je 10:19, etc.; pl. שְׁבָרִים Jos 7:5 Jb 41:17 (dub., v. infr.), sf. שְׁכָרֶיהָ ψ 60:4;— 1. breaking of pottery Is 30:14, fracture of member, limb Lv 21:19; 24:20 (H), especially fig. of people personif. שׁ׳ יוֹסֵף Am 6:6, cf. Is 30:26 (‖ מַחַץ מַכָּתוֹ), Je 8:21; 10:19; 14:17; 30:12 (‖ מַכָּה), v 15 (‖ מַכְאֹב), La 2:11; 3:48; 4:10, also (c. רפא, רפה heal) Je 6:14; 8:11 La 2:13 ψ 60:4, cf. Na 3:19; of sinners Is 1:28; shattering, crushing, of wall (in fig.) Is 30:13; שׁ׳ גָּדוֹל (‖ רָעָה) Je 4:6; 6:1, שׁ׳ עַל־שׁ׳ 4:20; שֹׁד וָשׁ׳ Is 59:7; 60:18; Je 48:3, cf. Is 51:19; הַשֵּׁאת וְהַשּׁ׳ La 3:47; זַעֲקַת שׁ׳ Is 15:5, cf. Je 48:5; of individ. Pr 16:18; 17:19; 18:12; fig., שׁ׳ רוּחַ of spirit Is 65:14, cf. Pr 15:4; so (רוּחַ om.) מִשְּׁבָרִים Jb 41:17 from terror, Di De, cf. Bi, but dub.; Buhl Bu conj. מִשְׁבְּרֵי יָם, Gie מִשִּׁנָּיו גִּבֹּרִים, Du מִשְׁמָרִים. 2. crashing, Zp 1:10 (‖ קוֹל צְעָקָה, יְלָלָה), Je 50:22 (‖ מִלְחָמָה), 51:54 (‖ קוֹל זְעָקָה). 3. breaking of a dream, i.e. its interpretation (solution of mystery) Ju 7:15 (cf. GFM). 4. הַשְּׁבָרִים Jos 7:5, perhaps (Di Benn Steuern) the quarries, as n.pr.loc., 𝔙 Sabarim (הִשָּֽׁבְרָם).—שִׁבְרִי Ez 32:9, read שִׁבְיְךָ 𝔊 Co Sta Berthol Krae (not Toy).
δέω, __B Refs 4th c.BC+: future δεήσω Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐδέησα Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect δεδέηκα Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, future δεήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+, Doric dialect δεοῦμαι Refs 5th c.BC+; later -ηθήσομαι LXX+1st c.AD+: aorist ἐδεήθην Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect δεδέημαι Refs 5th c.BC+:—lack, miss, stand in need of, with genitive, ἐμεῖο δὲ δῆσε.. ἀλκτῆρα γενέσθαι Refs 8th c.BC+; παραδείγματος τὸ παράδειγμα αὐτὸ δεδέηκεν Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.2 frequently in Attic dialect, πολλοῦ δέω I want much, i.e. am far from, mostly with infinitive present, πολλοῦ δ. ἀπολογεῖσθαι I am far from defending myself, Refs 5th c.BC+; παρὰ μικρὸν ἐδέησα ἀποθανεῖν variant in Refs 5th c.BC+ I am far from it, Refs 5th c.BC+: in participle, παλαστῆς δεόντων τεττάρων ποδῶν Refs 4th c.BC+; the participle is frequently used to express numerals compounded with 8 or 9, ἀνδράσιν ἑνὸς δέουσι τριάκοντα Refs; δυοῖν δέοντα τεσσεράκοντα forty lacking two, thirty-eight, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἑνὸς δέον εἰκοστὸν ἔτος the Refssave one,Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive stands absolutely, περὶ τὰ ἑνὸς δεῖν πεντήκοντα fifty save one, Refs 4th c.BC+: participle in genitive, τροφαλίδες μιᾶς δεούσης εἴκοσιν Refs 1st c.AD+ __B.3 participle δέων, δέουσα, as adjective, fit, proper, ὁ καιρὸς οὐκ ἔστι χρόνος δέων Refs 4th c.BC+; ἡ δέουσα ἑκάστων χρῆσις Hierocl.p.61 Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.4 δεῖ impersonal, see entry __B.II deponent verb δέομαι: contraction δῆσθε Refs 5th c.BC+, participle δεύμενος Refs: future δεήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+aorist ἐδεήθην: always personal, and used by Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.II.1 absolutely, to be in want or need, require, mostly in participle, κάρτα δεόμενος Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ δεόμενοι the needy, opposed to οἱ κεκτημένοι τὰς οὐσίας, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.1.b stand in need of, want, with genitive, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐδὲν δεῖσθαι τροφῆς have no need of.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἤν τι δέωνται βασιλέως if they have any need of him, Refsinfinitive, τοῦτο ἔτι δέομαι μαθεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ πράττεσθαι δεόμενα things needing to be done, Refs 5th c.BC+necessaries, Refs; ἐπισκευάσαι τὰ δεόμενα parts needing repair, Refs; τὸ δεόμενον the point threatened, Refs 2nd c.BC+; δεῖται impersonal, see at {δεῖ}. __B.II.2 beg a thing from a person, with double genitive of things et person, τῶν ἐδέετο σφέων Refs 5th c.BC+ having begged a favour of you, Refs 4th c.BC+: c.genitive person et infinitive, ἐδέετο τοῦ δήμου φυλακῆς πρὸς αὐτοῦ κυρῆσαι Refs 5th c.BC+I pray, LXX
† I. הָרָה vb. conceive, become pregnant (Assyrian erû cf. DlPr 21 Muss. Arnolt Hbr Oct. 1890, 67 JägerBAS i. 473);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. וְהָרָה consec. ψ 7:15; 3 fs. הָרָ֑תָה Gn 16:4, 5; 2 fs. וְהָרִית consec. Ju 13:3; i s. הָרִיתִי Nu 11:12; 1 pl. הָרִינוּ Is 26:18; Impf. וַתַּ֫הַר Gn 4:1 + 26 times (וַתַּ֑הַר Gn 16:4); 3 fpl. וַתַּהֲרֶיןָ Gn 19:36; 2 mpl. תַּהֲרוּ Is 33:11; Inf. abs. הָרֹה Jb 15:35, הָרוֹ Is 59:4 cf. also v 13 sub Po. infr.; Pt. f. sf. הוֹרָתִי Ct 3:4; הוֹרָתָם Ho 2:7;— 1. lit. conceive, become pregnant Gn 16:4(×2), 5; 19:36; 25:21; 38:18 (all J), 2 S 11:5 (agency of man expressed by מִן Gn 19:36, לְ 38:18); usually in phr. וַתַּהַר וַתֵּלֶד Gn 4:1, 17; 21:2; 29:32, 33, 34, 35; 30:5, 7 (all J), v 17, 19, 23 (all E), 38:3, 4 (both J), Ex 2:2 (E), 1 S 1:20; 2:21 2 K 4:17 1 Ch 7:23 Is 8:3 Ho 1:3, 6, 8, prob. also 1 Ch 4:17 ותהר אֶת־מִרְיָם [ותלד] cf. Be; further Ju 13:3, and cf. Moses’ question הֶאָנֹכִי הָרִיתִי אֵת כָּל־הָעָם הַזֶּה אִם־אָנֹכִי יְלִדְתִּיהוּ Nu 11:12 have I conceived all this people, or have I brought it forth? Pt. f. ‖ אֵם Ho 2:7 Ct 3:4. 2. metaph. הָרִינוּ חַלְנוּ כְמוֹ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Is 26:18 of anxious and disappointed waiting; תַּהֲרוּ חֲשַׁשׁ תֵּלְדוּ קַשׁ Is 33:11, of futile planning, cf. Che; elsewhere of evil, mischief וְהָרָה עָמָל וְיָלַד שָׁ֑קֶר ψ 7:15 (subj. wicked man), cf. Jb 15:35 Is 59:4, so also v 13, read הָרוֹ (Inf. abs.) cf. Di. Pu. Pf. 3 ms. הֹרָה גָּ֑בֶר Jb 3:3 a man hath been conceived (Böii p. 103 BaNB 77 regard as Qal pass.). Po. Inf. abs., conceive, contrive, devise הֹרוֹ וְהֹגוֹ מִּלֵּב דִּבְרֵי שָׁ֑קֶר Is 59:13, but read rather הָרוֹ וְהָגוֹ Qal Inf. abs. v. supr. (Ba l.c. expl. MT as Qal Inf. pass.).—On הוֹרַי Gn 49:26 v. הוֹר" dir="rtl" >הוֹר and הַר²" dir="rtl" >הַר 1 c.
† פָּשַׁט vb. strip off, make a dash, raid (cf. Assyrian pašâṭu, expunge, obliterate; NH פָּשַׁט, Aramaic פְּשַׁט, ܦܫܰܛ, are stretch out, extend, make plain, so Arabic بَسَطَ );— Qal Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Ho 7:1 +, 2 ms. וּפָשַׁטְתָּ֫ Ju 9:33, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִפְשַׁט 1 S 19:24; 3 mpl. יִפְשֹׁ֑טוּ Ez 26:1, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּשֹׁ֫טָה Is 32:11; Pt. pl. פֹּשְׁטִים Ne 4:17;— 1. strip off, put off, one’s garment (acc.) 1 S 19:24; Ez 26:16; 44:19; Lv 6:4 (opp. לָבַשׁ, 16:23 (id.; both P), Ne 4:17; Ct 5:3; acc. om. Is 32:11; of locusts Na 3:16 stripping off (sheaths of wings, cf. Da DrAm 85). 2. put off (one’s shelter), i.e. make a dash (from a sheltered place), c. אֶל Ju 20:37, abs. 9:44; especially of marauding foray, Ho 7:1, c. עַל against Ju 9:33, 44; 1 S 23:27; 30:14 (ins. עַל cf. 𝔊 We Dr al.), Jb 1:17, c. אֶל 1 S 27:8; 30:1, c. בְּ 1 Ch 14:9, 13; 2 Ch 25:13; 28:18; in 1 S 27:10 read אָן (for אַל־), We Dr al. Pi. Inf. cstr. לְפַשֵּׁט, c. acc. pers. 1 S 31:8 to strip the slain = 1 Ch 10:8; abs. only to strip (sc. the slain) 2 S 23:10 (ins. also ‖ 1 Ch 11:13 Dr). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִפְשִׁיט Jb 19:9; 3 mpl. sf. וְהִפְשִׁיטוּךְ Ez 23:26, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּפְשֵׁט Nu 20:28; 1 s. sf. אַפְשִׁיטֶנָּה Ho 2:5; 2 mpl. תַּפְשִׁט֑וּן Mi 2:8, etc.; Imv. הַפְשֵׁט Nu 20:26; Inf. cstr. הַפְשִׁיט 2 Ch 29:34; Pt. pl. מַפְשִׁיטִים 35:11;— 1. strip one of garment (2 acc.) Gn 37:23 (E), Nu 20:26, 28 (opp. הִלְבִּישׁ), Ez 16:39; 23:26; c. acc. pers. alone 1 Ch 10:9; Ho 2:5 strip her (sf.) naked (עֲרֻמָּה). 2. strip off, acc. כֵּלָיו 1 S 31:9, clothing Jb 22:6; c. acc. אֶדֶר + מִמּוּל Mi 2:8; c. acc. עוֹר + מֵעַל 3:3, cf. (acc. כְּבוֹדִי) Jb 19:9. 3. flay, c. acc. הָעֹלָה Lv 1:6; 2 Ch 29:34; acc. om. 35:11. Hithp. Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּתְפַּשֵּׁט 1 S 18:4 he stripped himself of his garment (acc.).
λύω, poetry imperative λῦθι Refs 5th c.BC+future λύσω [ῡ] Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist ἔλῡσα Refs: perfect λέλῠκα Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.:— passive, perfect λέλῠμαι Refs 8th c.BC+, etc.: pluperfect ἐλελύμην [ῠ] Refs 8th c.BC+, etc.: aorist ἐλύθην, Epic dialect λύθην [ῠ] Refs 5th c.BC+: future λῠθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+aorist passive λύμην [ῠ] Refs 8th c.BC+; λύτο [ῠRefs; λύντο Refs: also 3rd.pers. singular optative perfect λελῦτο Refs 8th c.BC+:—middle, future λύσομαι Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist ἐλυσάμην Refsperfect passive λέλῦμαι in middle sense, Refs 4th c.BC+future λύσομαι in passive sense, (δια-) Refs 5th c.BC+—Homer uses all tenses except perfect active, present and future passive [In present and imperfect ῡ always in Attic dialect, ῠ mostly in Epic dialect, though Refs 8th c.BC+ has ῡ twice, ἔλῡεν Refs 8th c.BC+; also in compounds, ἀλλῡεσκεν Refsfuture and aorist 1 ῡ always: in other tenses ῠ always, except in the forms λελῦτο, λῦτο (see. above).] (Cf. Latin luo (pay), re-luo, solvo (for se-luo), solūtus, etc.):—loosen: __I of things, unbind, unfasten, especially clothes and armour, λῦσε δέ οἱ ζωστῇρα, θώρηκα, Refs 8th c.BC+; λ. παρθενίην ζώνην loose the maiden-girdle, of the husband after marriage, Refs 8th c.BC+; of the wife, λύοι χαλινὸν ὑφ᾽ ἥρωϊ παρθενίας Refs 5th c.BC+; frequently of the tackling of ships, λ. πρυμνήσια, ἱστία, λαῖφος, etc., Refs 8th c.BC+; λ. πρύμνας, νεῶν πόδα, Refs 5th c.BC+, of ships, set sail, λῦε, κυβερνήτα Refs; ἀσκὸν λ. untie a skin (used as a bag), Refs 8th c.BC+; λ. ἡνίαν slacken the rein, Refs; κλῄθρων λυθέντων when the gates have been opened, Refs 4th c.BC+; λ. γράμματα, δέλτον, open a letter, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. πέδας, δεσμά, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀρτάνας.. δέρης ἔλυσαν loosed it from my neck,Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, ἀπὸ στήθεσφιν ἐλύσατο κεστὸν ἱμάντα undid her belt, Refs 8th c.BC+; but λύοντο τεύχεα they undid the armour for themselves, i.e. stripped it off (others), Refs; later λυσαμένα πλοκαμῖδας unbinding her hair, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __I.b in various phrases, στόμα λ. open the mouth, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. βλεφάρων ἕδραν wake up, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. ὀφρύν unfold the brow, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 of living beings, __I.2.a of horses, etc., unyoke, unharness, opposed to ζεύγνυμι, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐξ ὀχέων, ὑπὲξ ὀχέων, Refs 8th c.BC+ unyoke our horses, Refs 8th c.BC+; λύε μώνυχας ἵππους loosed them, Refs 8th c.BC+; λ. κύνα let him loose, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2.b of men, release, deliver, especially from bonds or prison, and so, generally, from difficulty or danger, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὁ λύσων he that shall deliver, Refs 8th c.BC+; also λ. δόμους ἁβρότατος rob the house of.., Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. τινὰ τῆς ἀρχῆς depose him from.., Refs 1st c.BC+:—middle, properly get one loosed or set free, λύσασθαί τινα δυσφροσυνάων Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, λυθῆναι τὰς πέδας Refs 1st c.BC+; λέλυται γὰρ λαὸς ἐλεύθερα βάζειν, ὡς ἐλύθη ζυγὸν ἀλκᾶς has been let loose to speak, since the yoke was loosed, Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.2.c of prisoners, release on receipt of ransom, admit to ransom, release, Refs 8th c.BC+; Σαρπηδόνος ἔντεα καλὰ λύσειαν would give them up, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀνὴρ ἀντ᾽ ἀνδρὸς λυθείς Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, release by payment of ransom, get a person released, redeem, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἑαυτοὺς λ. pay their own ransom, Refs; buy from a pimp, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2.d λελύσθαι τῶν νόμων, = Latin legibus solvi, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __I.3 give up, [θρόνον] λῦσον ἄμμιν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II resolve a whole into its parts, dissolve, break up, λ. ἀγορήν dissolve the assembly, Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, λῦτο δ᾽ ἀγών Refs 8th c.BC+; πρὶν [ἂν].. ἡ ἀγορὰ (market) λυθῇ Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.2 of concrete objects, σπάρτα λέλυνται, i. e. have rotted, Refs 8th c.BC+; λ. τὴν σχεδίην break it up, Refs 5th c.BC+; [τὴν γέφυραν] Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 especially of physical strength, loosen, i. e. weaken, relax, λῦσε δὲ γυῖα made his limbs slack or loose, i. e. killed him, Refs 8th c.BC+; but οἵ μοι καμάτῳ.. γούνατ᾽ ἔλυσαν made my knees weak with toil, Refs 8th c.BC+ —passive, λύντο δὲ γυῖα, etc., as the effect of death, sleep, weariness, fear, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.3.b λύει βλέφαρα closes her eyes in sleep, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3.c metaphorically, λ. τὴν ἐν ταῖς ψυχαῖς πρὸς μάχην παρασκευήν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 undo, bring to naught, destroy, πολίων κάρηνα Refs 8th c.BC+: generally, put an end to, νείκεα Refs 8th c.BC+; βίον, i.e. die, Refs; αἰῶν᾽ ἔλυσε, i.e. died, Refs 5th c.BC+; μαχας Refs 5th c.BC+; forgive, ἁμαρτήματα LXX __II.4.b in Prose, λ. νόμους repeal or annul laws, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐθὲν τῶν περὶ τὴν πολιτείανRefs 4th c.BC+; ἐπεὶ ἐκεῖνοι ἔλυσαν τὰς σπονδὰς λελύσθαι μοι δοκεῖ ἡ ἐκείνων ὕβρις καὶ ἡ ἡμετέρα ὑποψία Refs 5th c.BC+; rescind a vote, ψῆφον λύει ὁ νόμος Refs 4th c.BC+; revoke a will, διαθήκην Refs 4th c.BC+ (but in passive, to be opened, of a will, Refs 2nd c.AD+; unbind a spell, Refs 4th c.AD+ —passive, λέλυται πάντα all ties are broken, all is in confusion, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.4.c as a technical term, solve a difficulty, a problem, a question, λύεται ἡ ἀπορία Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4.d refute an argument, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4.e unravel the plot of a tragedy, opposed to πλέκειν, Refs __II.4.f λ. τὴν φάσιν, of the Moon, pass out of, Refs __II.5 break a legal agreement or obligation, τὸν νόμον Refs 5th c.BC+; σίς κε τὰς ϝρήτας τάσδε λύση whoso breaks this agreement, Refs __II.6 in physical sense, dissolve, λύθεν, opposed to πάγεν, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ θερμὸν λύει, opposed to πήγνυσι, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἀμμωνιακὸν ὄξει λύσας Refs 2nd c.AD+; melt, παγείσας χιόνας Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.7 of medicines, λ. τὴν κοιλίαν Refs 5th c.BC+; so of the effects of terror, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.8 resolve [musical notation] into [musical notation], in passive, Refs 1st c.AD+ __III solve, fulfil, accomplish, τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ μαντεῖα Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV atone for, make up for, τὰς πρότερον ἁμαρτίας Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, τῶν πάλαι πεπραγμένων λύσασθ᾽ αἷμα.. δίκαις Refs 4th c.BC+ __V μισθὸν λύειν pay wages in full, quit oneself of them, used only in cases of obligation, Refs 5th c.BC+ __V.2 τέλη λύειν, ={λυσιτελεῖν}, pay, profit. avail, ἔνθα μὴ τέλη λύει φρονοῦντι where it boots not to be wise, Refs 5th c.BC+, construed like{λυσιτελεῖ}, absolutely, λύει δ᾽ ἄλγος Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, πῶς οὖν λύει.. ἐπιβάλλει; Refs; ἐμοί τελύειτοῖσιμέλλουσιν τέκνοις τὰ ζῶντ᾽ ὀνῆσαι it is good for me to benefit my living children by means of those to come,Refs 2nd c.BC+infinitive, λύει γὰρ ἡμᾶς οὐδέν, οὐδ᾽ ἐπωφελεῖ,.. θανεῖν it is not expedient that we should die (οὐδ᾽ ἐπωφελεῖ being parenthetic), Refs 5th c.BC+; compare λυσιτελέω.
† I. בָּלַל vb. mingle, mix, confuse, confound (Arabic بَلَّ moisten (with water), cf. بَلَلٌ moisture, Assyrian balâlu, DlPr 70; cf. Ph. בלל name of a sacrifice, & NH בִּלְבֵּל; Aramaic בַּלְבֵּל ܒܰܠܒܶܠ )— Qal Pf. בָּלַל Gn 11:9, בַּ֜לֹּתִ֗י ψ 92:11 (but cf. infr.); Impf. 1 pl. נָֽבְלָה = נָבֹ֫לָּה Gn 11:7, cf. Köi. 325; Pt. pass. בָּלוּל Ex 29:40 + 3 times, בְּלוּלָה Lv 2:5 + 28 times, בְּלוּלֹת Ex 29:2 + 4 times;— 1. mingle, confuse (obj. שָׂפָה = speech, language, q.v.) Gn 11:7, 9 (J). 2. mix (cakes or flour, etc. always with oil) sacrificial techn. term, only P, cf. Di on Lv 2:4; usually as מנחה, סֹלֶת בּ׳ בַּשֶּׁמֵן Ex 29:40; Lv 2:5; 14:10, 21; 23:13; Nu 7:13, 19, 25, 31, 37, 43, 49, 55, 61, 67, 73, 79; Nu 8:8; 15:4, 6, 9; 28:5, 9, 12(×2), 13, 20, 28; 29:3, 9, 14, מנחה ב׳ בשׁ׳ Lv 7:10 (opp. חֲרֵבָה) 9:4, חַלּוֹת מַצוֹת ב׳ בשׁ׳ Ex 29:2; Lv 7:12(×2), i.e. made by mixing with oil; סלת חלות מצות ב׳ בשׁ׳ Lv 2:4, סלת חלות ב׳ בשׁ׳ Nu 6:15, i.e. fine flour (in the form) of cakes so made. בַּ֜לֹּתִ֗י בְּשֶׁמֶן רַעֲנָן ψ 92:11 I shall be (am) anointed with fresh oil AV RV; vb. not elsewhere in this sense; 𝔊 𝔙 Hup Che read בְּלֹתִי from בלה, Inf. cstr. sf., abstr. for concrete, my wasting = my wasting strength, of declining age; Israel under figure of old man; this however is not favoured by context. The passage is therefore doubtful. Hithpo. Impf. יִתְבּוֹלָ֑ל Ho 7:8; אפרים בעמים הוא י׳ Ephraim, among the peoples doth he mix himself; but Ew Now derive here from בלל = בלה (or נבל) waste away, cf. Hiph. Hiph. Impf. וַנָּ֫בֶל Is 64:5 and we faded away, but read perhaps וַנִּבֹּל from נבל cf. Di (De, less probably, derives from בלל—cf. Ew Now Ho 7:8—or בול = נבל).
† [זוּב] vb. flow, gush (NH id., Aramaic דּוּב, דִּיב, ܕܳܒ, all used often in sense 4 infr.; Arabic ذَابَ (med. و) melt, dissolve, flow)—only Qal Impf. יָזוּב Lv 15:25 etc.; Pt. זָב Je 49:9 f. זָבָ֫ה Lv 15:19 etc.;— 1. flow, gush (poet.), of water from the smitten rock ψ 78:20 (‖ שָׁטַף), 105:41 (‖ הָלַךְ), Is 48:21 (‖ נָזַל). 2. Pt. freq. in זָבַת חָלָב וּדְבַשׁ (אֶרֶץ), mostly of promised land, Ex 3:8, 17; 13:5 (all J) 33:3 Nu 13:27; 14:8; 16:14 (all JE) Dt 6:3; 11:9; 26:9, 15; 27:3; 31:20 Jos 5:6 (D) Lv 20:24 (H) Je 11:5; 32:22 Ez 20:6, 15, of Egypt Nu 16:13; זָב עִמְקֵךְ Je 49:4 (fertile valley of Ammon). 3. fig. flow away = pine away (from hunger) La 4:9. 4. flow, of issue from woman (all P), Lv 15:25 יָזוּב זוֹב דָּמָהּ (v. זוֹב); especially have an issue (flux, gleet), of woman Lv 15:25 and 15:19 (תִּהְיֶה זָבָה); usually of man, 2 S 3:29 (‖ מְצֹרָע); elsewhere P, Lv 15:2 זָב מִבִּשָׂרוֹ; with cogn. acc. 15:33; ordinarily Pt. זָב one that has an issue Lv 15:4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 32 (all P), 22:4 (H; ‖ צָרוּעַ); also Nu 5:2 (P; ‖ id.)
† I. [נָכַר] vb. (not Qal) regard, recognize (NH Hiph. know, be acquainted with; 𝔗 Aph. id.; Syriac Aph. ܐܰܟܰܪ id.; cf. also Arabic نَكِرَ in sense be shrewd, appar. rare, cf. نُكْرٌ cunning Lane 2850 a. v. p. 1125);— Niph. Pf. 3 mpl. לֹא נִכְּרוּ La 4:8 they are not recognized. Pi. Pf. לֹא נִכַּר שׁוֹעַ לִפְנֵי־דָ֑ל Jb 34:19 he regardeth not the opulent above the poor (‖ לֹא־נָשָׂא פְּנֵי שָׂרִים); Impf. לֹא תְנַכֵּ֑רוּ Jb 21:29 do ye not recognize their tokens. Hiph. Pf. הִכִּיר Dt 33:9; Dn 11:39 Kt; sf. הִכִּירוֹ Gn 27:23; 3 pl. הִכִּירוּ Ju 18:3 + 2 times, sf. הִכִּירֻהוּ Jb 2:12, הִכִּרֻהוּ Gn 42:8; Impf. יַכִּיר Dt 21:17 + 3 times + Dn 11:39 Qr; וַיַּכֵּר Gn 38:26 +; sf. וַיַּכִּרֵ֫הוּ 1 K 18:7, יַכִּירֶ֫נּוּ Jb 7:10, וַיַּכִּירָהּ Gn 37:33, etc.; Imv. הַֽכֶּר־ Gn 31:32 + 2 times; Inf. abs. הַכֵ��ֽר־ (Ginsb van d. H. הַֽכֶּר־) Pr 24:23; 28:21; cstr. sf. הַכִּירֵנִי Ru 2:10; Pt. מַכִּיר ψ 142:5, sf. מַכִּירֵךְ Ru 2:19, etc.;— 1. regard, observe, especially with a view to recognition, c. obj. cl., Gn 31:32; 37:32; 38:25; pay attention to, c. acc. pers. Ru 2:10, 19; acc. rei (of God) Jb 34:25; acc. rei om. 2 S 3:36; י׳ subj. כֵּן אַכִּיר … לְטוֹבָה Je 24:5 so will I regard the exiles … for good; Antiochus subj. Dn 11:39; הִכִּיר פָּנִים pay regard to (shew partiality, = נָשָׂא פְּנֵי פ׳) Dt 1:17; 16:19 (‖ הִטָּה מִשְׁפָּט), Pr 24:23; 28:21. 2. Recognize (as formerly known) c. acc. pers. vel rei, Gn 27:23; 37:33; 38:26 (all J), 42:7, 8(×2) (E), 1 K 18:7; 20:41; Jb 2:12; proverb. בְּטֶרֶם יַכִּיר אִישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵהוּ Ru 3:14 before a man could recognize his fellow (i.e. before dawn); recognize voice (קוֹל), Ju 18:3; 1 S 26:17; = perceive the true situation, וָאַכִּירָה וְהִנֵּה Ne 6:12 and I perceived, and lo! God had not sent him. 3. Be willing to recognize, acknowledge Dt 21:17; 33:9; Is 63:16 (‖ יָדַע), ψ 142:5; acknowledge with honour Is 61:9. 4. Be acquainted with, לֹא יַכִּירֶנּוּ עוֹד מְקוֹמוֹ Jb 7:10 his place shall be acquainted with him no more (he shall be gone and forgotten), cf. ψ 103:16; c. acc. rei Jb 24:13, 17. 5. Distinguish, understand, הִכִּיר קוֹל … לְקוֹל Ezr 3:13 could not distinguish, etc.; cf. Jb 4:16 could not distinguish its appearance; הִכִּיר לְדַבֵּר Ne 13:24 understand how to speak, etc. Hithp. Impf. יִתְנַכֶּר־נָ֑עַר Pr 20:11 by his deeds a youth maketh himself known, whether his doing be pure, etc.
ἐργάζομαι, Refs 8th c.BC+, etc., Cretan dialect ϝεργάδδομαι Refs: future -άσομαι Refs 6th c.BC+, etc., Doric dialect LXX+3rd c.BC+: aorist εἰργασάμην, Ionic dialect Refs 6th c.BC+: perfect εἴργασμαι, Ionic dialectRefs 5th c.BC+ —These tenses are used both in middle and passive significations: for other passive tenses, see belowRefs 4th c.BC+; but this rule is often broken in later Papyrus, Inscrr., and codices:—work, labour, especially of husbandry, Refs 8th c.BC+; of quarrymen, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. ἐν τοῖς ἔργοις in the mines, Refs 8th c.BC+; of birds working to get food, Refs 4th c.BC+; of bees, Refs; of Hephaestus' self-acting bellows, Refs 8th c.BC+ the matter works, i.e. goes on, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ ἀὴρ ἐργάζεται produces an effect Refs 3rd c.BC+; οὐχ ὁμοίως ἐργάσεται τὸ θερμόν Refs __II transitive, work at, make, ἔργα κλυτά, of Athena, Refs 8th c.BC+; εἰκόνας, ἀνδριάντας, καλὰ ἔργα, Refs 5th c.BC+; make so and so, Refs 2nd c.AD+. __II.2 do, perform, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἔργον ἐπ᾽ ἔργῳ ἐ., of husbandmen, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐ. πρᾶγμα, opposed to βουλεύειν, NT+5th c.BC+: with double accusative, do something to.., Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.; chiefly in bad sense, do one ill, do one a shrewd turn, Refs 6th c.BC+; less frequently, Refs 5th c.BC+; seldom Refs 6th c.BC+. __II.2.b perform rites, Refs. __II.2.c in Law, ζημίαν ἐ. do damage, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3 work a material, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐ. γῆν till the land, Refs 6th c.BC+; [ἀργυρῖτιν] Docum. cited in Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.4 earn by working, Refs 8th c.BC+. __II.5 work at, practise, μουσικήν, τέχνας, etc., Refs 6th c.BC+; ἀρετὴν καὶ σωφροσύνην variant in NT+5th c.BC+ __II.6 absolutely, work at a trade or business, traffic, trade, Refs 5th c.BC+ (also οἱ τὴν τετράγωνον (i.e. ἀγοράν) ἐργαζόμενοι those who trade in the square, Refs 4th c.BC+; τούτοις..ναυτικοῖς ἐ. trade with this money on bottomry, Refs; ταῦτα ἐ. thus he trades, Refs; οἱ ἐν Δήλῳ ἐ., = Latin qui Deli negotiantur, Refs Latin quaestum corpore facere, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἀπὸ τῆς ὥρας Alexis Sam. cited in Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.7 cause, Refs 5th c.BC+. __III passive, rarely in present and imperfect, Refs 4th c.BC+: future Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect εἴργασμαι (see. below): aorist 1 Refs 6th c.BC+ __III.1 to be made or built, Refs 5th c.BC+; λίθοι εἰργ. wrought stones, Refs 6th c.BC+. __III.2 to be done, Refs 5th c.BC+
πράσσω, Epic dialect and Ionic dialect πρήσσω, Attic dialect πράττω (first in Refs 5th c.BC+, Cretan dialect πράδδω Refs: future πράξω, Ionic dialect πρήξω: aorist ἔπραξα, Ionic dialect ἔπρηξα: perfect πέπραχα, Ionic dialect πέπρηχα, (transitive) Refs 5th c.BC+: pluperfect ἐπεπράχει (ν) (transitive) Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect Refs 5th c.BC+: pluperfect ἐπεπράγεσαν (intransitive) Refs 5th c.BC+:— perfect πέπραγα Attic dialect, πέπραχα Hellenistic, accusative Refs 5th c.BC+, but see above:—middle, future πράξομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐπραξαμην Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, future (see.above), also πραχθήσομαι Refs 4th c.BC+; future Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐπράχθην Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect πέπραγμαι Refs 4th c.BC+ __I in Epic dialect only, pass through, pass over, δὶς τόσσον ἅλα πρήσσοντες ἀπῆμεν Refs 8th c.BC+; ὄφρα πρ. ὁδοῖοRefs: Grammars note that this sense is found only in present, Refs __II experience certain for- tunes, fare well or ill, ὁ στόλος οὕτως ἔπρηξε Refs 5th c.BC+; μακαρίως, εὐδαιμόνως, Refs 5th c.BC+: frequently with neuter pronoun or adjective, εὖ π. τι Refs 5th c.BC+ __III achieve, effect, accomplish, οὔ τι Refs 8th c.BC+; κλέος ἔπραξεν won it, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔπραξε δεσμόν achieved bondage, i.e. brought it on himself, Refs; ὕμνον π. grant power of song, Refs; λεόντεσσι π. φόνον do slaughter upon them,Refs 5th c.BC+; π. εἰρήνην, φιλίαν, bring it about, Refs 4th c.BC+; π. τι παρά τινος get something from.., ὧν δέονται πάντων πεπραγότες εἶεν παρὰ βασιλέως Refs 5th c.BC+; also, attempt, plot, δήμου κατάλυσιν Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, πέπρακται τοὖργον Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ ἔργα τῶν πραχθέντων the facts of what took place, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 absolutely, effect an object, be successful, δὸς Τηλέμαχον πρήξαντα νέεσθαι Refs 8th c.BC+ __III.3 of sexual intercourse, ἐπράχθη τὰ μέγιστα Refs 3rd c.BC+ __III.4 to be busy with, σὺ μὲν τὰ σαυτῆς πρᾶσσ᾽ mind your own business, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐδ᾽ εὖ.. οἰκοῦνται αἱ πόλεις, ὅταν τὰ αὑτῶν ἕκαστοι πράττωσι (ironical) Refs; μὴ τὰ αὑτῶν π. not to act their part, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.5 manage affairs, do business, act, εἰπεῖν τε καὶ πρᾶξαι Refs; πράττειν τὰ πολιτικὰ πράγματα, τὰ τῆς πόλεως, manage state-affairs, take part in government, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.6 generally, transact, negotiate, manage, οἱ πράξαντες πρὸς αὐτὸν τὴν λῆψιν τῆς πόλεως Refs 5th c.BC+; Θηβαίοις τὰ πράγματα π. manage matters for their interest, Refs 4th c.BC+ —so in passive, τῷ Ἱπποκράτει τὰ.. πράγματα ἀπό τινων ἀνδρῶν.. ἐπράσσετο matters were negotiated with him by.., Refs 5th c.BC+: but frequently absolutely, treat, negotiate, manage, act, οἱ πράσσοντες αὐτῷ Refs; ἐς (variant{πρὸς}) τοὺς βαρβάρους, ἐς τοὺς Εἵλωτας, Refs:—passive, ἐπράττετο οὐ πρὸς τοὺς ἄλλους Refs 5th c.BC+the traitors, Refs:—followed by dependent clauses, πρᾶσσε καὶ τὰ ἐμὰ καὶ τὰ σὰ ὅπῃ κάλλιστα ἕξει Refs, etc.: with accusative et infinitive, μὴ δεῦρο πλεῖν τὴν ναῦν ἔπραττεν Refs 4th c.BC+ __III.6.b especially of secret practices and intrigues, εἴ τι μὴ ξὺν ἀργύρῳ ἐπράσσετ᾽ ἐνθένδ᾽ unless some bribery was being practised, Refs 5th c.BC+; νῦν δ᾽ αὔτ᾽ Ἀτρεῖδαι φωτὶ παντουργῷ φρένας ἔπραξαν have jobbed them (the arms) away to a villain, Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV practise, πόνῳ π. θεοδμάτους ἀρετάς Refs 5th c.BC+: then absolutely, act, π. ἔργῳ μὲν σθένος βουλαῖσι δὲ φρήν Refs 5th c.BC+; ὡς πράττοντες as doing, Refs 5th c.BC+; μεθ᾽ ἡμῶν ἔπραττεν, i. e. he took our side, Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV.2 study, δράματα Refs see at {Ἀριστοφάνη; συλλογισμούς} Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἐν τοῖς πραττομένοις in the poems which are now studied, made the subject of commentaries, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __V with double accusative person et of things, πράττειν τινά τι do something to one, Refs 5th c.BC+ __VI exact payment from one, αὐτοὺς ἑκατὸν τάλαντα ἔπρηξαν Refs 5th c.BC+; πράσσει με τόκον he makes me pay interest, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὐφειλόμενον π. Δίκη Refs 4th c.BC+: frequently of tax-gatherers or other collectors of public debt, Refs 5th c.BC+; φόρον ἔπρησσον παρ᾽ ἑκάστων obtained or demanded from.., Refs 5th c.BC+: with accusative person, press for payment, μὴ π. τοὺς ὀφειλέτας Refs 2nd c.BC+; π. τινά τι ὑπέρ τινος demand from one as the price for a thing, Refs 2nd c.AD+ exact punishment or vengeance for a murder: hence, avenge, punish, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, ὑπὸ βασιλέως πεπραγμένος φόρους called on to pay up the tribute, Refs 5th c.BC+; πραχθεὶς ὑπὸτῶνδε Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, exact for oneself, πράξασθαί τινα μισθόν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀργύριον, χρήματα, Refs 5th c.BC+; φόρους πράσσεσθαι ἀπό, ἐκ τῶν πόλεων, Refs 5th c.BC+: metaphorically of exacting punishment, etc., μεγάλ᾽ ἀντ᾽ ὀλίγων ἐπράξαο Refs 3rd c.BC+ —passive perfect and pluperfect in middle sense, εἰ μὲν ἐπεπράγμην τοῦτον τὴν δίκην if I had exacted from him the full amount, Refs 4th c.BC+ __VII with accusative person, πράττειν τινά deal with, finish off, euphemistic, ἔπρασσε δ᾽ ᾇπέρ νιν, ὧδε θάπτει Refs 4th c.BC+
† III. שֵׁשׁ n.m. Ex 26:1 byssus (loan-wd. prob. from Egyptian šen-suten Reinischap. DHM VOJ viii (1894), 7 Copt. šens, cf. Copt. šent, weave; v. MʿLeanEncy. Bib. linen; on spinning, weaving, and wearing of linen in Egypt ErmanAegypten 594 ff.; Eng. Trans. 448 f.);—always abs. שׁ׳ (שׁשׁי Ez 16:13 is error):—byssus, fine Egyptian linen (בּוּץ, q.v., is later synon.), i.e. the linen thread (spun by women Ex 35:25), and the material woven from it: used for garments Gn 41:42 (E), Ez 16:10, 13 (שׁשׁי, read שׁשׁ), Pr 31:22; for sail (in fig. of Tyre as ship) Ez 27:7 (brought from Egypt); elsewhere P, of priestly vestments Ex 28:5, 39(×2); 39:3, 27, 28(×2); also שׁ׳ מָשְׁזָר twisted linen 28:6, 8, 15; 39:2, 5, 8, 28, 29 + v 24 (read וְשֵׁשׁ מ׳ Sam. 𝔊 Bae); שׁ׳ of hangings, etc., in tabern. 25:4; 35:6, 23, 25, 35; 38:23, and so שׁ׳ מָשְׁזָר 26:1, 31, 36; 27:9, 16, 18; 36:8, 35, 37; 38:9, 16, 18.
Included with: ἅπτω, future ἅψω: aorist ἧψα:—passive, perfect ἧμμαι, Ionic dialect ἅμμαιRefs 5th c.BC+: future ἅψομαιRefs 8th c.BC+ (συν-) Refs 2nd c.AD+ —middle, see.below (compare ἑάφθη):—fasten or bind to, used by Refs 8th c.BC+active, ἅψας ἀμφοτέρωθεν.. ἔντερον οἰός (of a lyre-string) Refs 8th c.BC+; once in middle, ἁψαμένη βρόχον.. ἀφ᾽ ὑψηλοῖο μελάθρου having fastened the noose to the beam (to hang herself), Refs; so later ἅψεται ἀμφὶ βρόχον.. δείρᾳRefs 5th c.BC+:—active, βρόχους ἅ. κρεμαστούςRefs 5th c.BC+ __2 join, ἅ. χορόνRefs 4th c.BC+; πάλην τινὶ ἅ. fasten a contest in wrestling on one, engage with one, Refs: —passive, ἅπτεσθαι τὴν Μεγαρέων πόλιν καὶ Κορινθίων τοῖς τείχεσινRefs 4th c.BC+ __II more frequently in middle, ἅπτομαι, future ἅψομαι, aorist ἡψάμηνRefs 5th c.BC+, with perfect passive ἧμμαιRefs 5th c.BC+:—fasten oneself to, grasp, c.genitive, ἅψασθαι γούνωνRefs 8th c.BC+; ἅπτεσθαί τινος, Latin manus inicere alicui, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῶν σφυγμῶν feel the pulse, Refs 2nd c.AD+: metaphorically, take hold of, cleave to, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.b absolutely, τῶν μὲν γὰρ πάντων βέλε᾽ ἅπτεται for the spears of all the Trojans reach their mark, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.c ἅ. τῆς γῆς land, Refs 1st c.BC+ __III metaphorically, engage in, undertake, βουλευμάτωνRefs 5th c.BC+; πολέμου prosecute it vigorously, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπιτηδεύματοςRefs 5th c.BC+ attack, impugn the argument of another, Refs; τούτων ἥψατο touched on these points, handled them, Refs 5th c.BC+; but also, touch on, treat superficially, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.b absolutely, begin, set to work, ταῖς διανοίαιςRefs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 fasten upon, attack, Refs 5th c.BC+; of diseases, ἧπταί μουRefs 5th c.BC+; ὅσα ἅπτεται ἀνθρώπων all that feed on human flesh, Refs __III.2.b lay hands on, χρημάτωνRefs 5th c.BC+ __III.3 touch, affect, ἄλγος οὐδὲν ἅπτεται νεκροῦRefs 5th c.BC+; make an impression upon, ἡμῶνRefs 2nd c.BC+ __III.4 grasp with the senses, perceive, Refs 5th c.BC+; apprehend, τῆς αἰτίαςRefs 4th c.BC+ __III.5 have intercourse with a woman, NT+5th c.BC+ __III.6 come up to, reach, overtake, Refs 5th c.BC+; attain, τῆς ἀληθείαςRefs 5th c.BC+; but also with genitive, Ἡρακλέος σταλᾶνRefs __III.7 make use of, avail oneself of, τῆς τύχηςRefs 5th c.BC+ __III.8 Geometry texts, of bodies and surfaces, to be in contact, Refs 4th c.BC+; of lines or curves, meet, Refs 3rd c.BC+; touch, Refs 3rd c.BC+; pass through a point, Refs 3rd c.BC+; of points, lie on a line or curve,Refs; ἅπτεται τὸ σημεῖον θέσει δεδομένης εὐθείας the locus of the point is a given straight line, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __B active, kindle, set on fire (i.e. by contact of fire), Refs 5th c.BC+ (so in middle, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be set on fire, ὁ μοχλὸς ἐλάϊνος ἐν πυρὶ μέλλεν ἅψεσθαιRefs 8th c.BC+; ὡς ἅφθη τάχιστα τὸ λήιον.. ἅψατο νηοῦ as soon as the corn caught fire, it set fire to the temple, Refs 5th c.BC+; πυρῆς ἤδη ἁμμένηςRefs 5th c.BC+ __B.II ἅ. πῦρ kindle a fire, Refs:—passive, ἄνθρακες ἡμμένοι red-hot embers, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.III cook, Refs 2nd c.AD+
† צָרַף vb. smelt, refine, test (NH id.; Ph. מצרף smelter: Assyrian ṣurrupu, refined, ṣarpu, silver, naṣraptu, crucible; Arabic صِرْفٌ is pure, unmixed (especially of wine);* very doubtful is Sab. צדף silver, money, cf. MordtmHim. Inschr. pp. 14, 29 CIS iv, No. 291, l. 1);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. צ׳ Je 6:29, sf. צְרָפָ֑תְהוּ ψ 105:19; 2 ms. sf. צְרַפְתָּנִי ψ 17:3, etc.; Impf. 1 s. אֶצְרֹף Is 1:25, sf. אֶצְרְפֶנּוּ Ju 7:4; Imv. ms. צרופה ψ 26:2 Kt, צָרְפָה Qr; Inf. abs. צָרוֹף Je 6:29; cstr. לִצְרוֹף Dn 11:35, etc.; Pt. act. sf. צוֹרְפָם Je 9:6, etc.; pass. צָרוּף ψ 12:7, etc.;— 1. smelt, refine: Je 6:29(×2) in vain hath he smelted continually (inf. abs.; fig. of purifying people); so smelt away Is 1:25 (acc. of dross; fig.); of silver Zc 13:9 ψ 66:10, כֶּסֶף צָרוּף בַּעֲלִיל 12:7 (all sim.); of אִמְרַת י׳ ψ 18:31 = 2 S 22:31, ψ 119:140 Pr 30:5 (אִמְרַת אֱלוֹהַּ); refine (men, by trials) Dn 11:35 (+ לְבָרֵר, לַלְבֵּן). 2. test Ju 7:4 I will test them (the warriors) for thee (י׳ subj.);—perhaps also v 3 (v. I. צפר); more gen., of י׳’s testing, trying (the hearts of) men (often ‖ בָּחַן) Je 9:6; Is 48:10; Zc 13:9 ψ 17:3; 26:2; 66:10. 3. test (& prove true) a man (subj. י׳’s saying) ψ 105:19. 4. Pt. act. as n. smelter, refiner, hence = goldsmith Ju 17:4; Je 10:9, 14; 51:17; Is 40:19(×2) (but perhaps del. vb, cf. Du Che Marti), 41:7; 46:6 Pr 25:4; as a guild Ne 3:8, 32. Niph. Impf. 3 mpl. יִצָּֽרְפוּ Dn 12:10 many shall be refined (by suffering; + יִתְבָּֽרְרוּ, יִתְלַבְּנוּ). Pi. Pt. מְצָרֵף as n. a refiner, כְּאֵשׁ מ׳ Mal 3:2 (sim. of י׳), cf. מְ׳ alone v 3 (+ מְטַהֵר כֶּסֶף).
† [חָבַשׁ] vb. bind, bind on, bind up (NH id.; Assyrian abâšu, according to DlW 70, Pr 174; Arabic حَبَسَ confine, restrict; yet on Assyrian ḫibšu ‘Kopfbinde’ (c. חֿ), etc., v. ZehnpfundBAS i. 499, 526; Aramaic ܚܒܰܫ; cf. ܚܒܽܘܫܝܳܐ, חֲבוּשְׁיָא imprisonment, etc.)— Qal Pf. 2 ms. וְחָבַשְׁתָּ֫ Ex 29:9; 2 mpl. חֲבַשְׁתֶּם Ez 34:4; Impf. יַחֲבוֹשׁ Jb 34:17; וַיַּחֲבֹשׁ Gn 22:3 + 4 times; וִיַּחֲבָשׁ־ 1 K 13:23; וְיֶחְבָּ֑שׁ Jb 5:18; וַיַּחְבְּשֵׁנוּ Ho 6:1; 3 fs. וַתַּחֲבֹשׁ 2 K 4:24; אֶהֱבֹשׁ Ez 34:16; cohort. אֶחְבְּשָׁה־ 2 S 19:27 (but cf.infr.); וָאֶחְבְּשֵׁךְ Ez 16:10; וַיַּחְבְּשׁוּ־ 1 K 13:13; וַיַּחֲבֹ֑שׁוּ 1 K 13:27; Imv. חֲבֹשׁ Jb 40:13; חֲבוֹשׁ Ez 24:17; חִבְשׁוּ 1 K 13:13, 27; Inf. cstr. חֲבֹשׁ Is 30:26; 61:1; לְחָבְשָׁהּ Ez 30:21 (del. Co, cf. 𝔊). Pt. act. חֹבֵשׁ Is 3:7; pass. חָבוּשׁ Jon 2:6; חֲבוּשִׁים Ju 19:10; חֲבֻשִׁים 2 S 16:1 Ez 27:24;— 1. bind, bind on: a. headgear, c. acc. rei, לְ pers. Ex 29:9 Lv 8:13 (both P); c. על pers. Ez 24:17; pass. of seaweeds clinging about head סוּף חָבוּשׁ לְרֹאשִׁי Jon 2:6; c. sf. pers. et בְּ rei וָאֶחְבְּשֵׁךְ Ez 16:10 and I bound (or wound) about thee (i.e. thy head, Sm VB) שֵׁשׁ (in metaph. of י׳’s care for Jerus.; ‖ אַלְבִּישֵׁךְ, אֶנְעֲלֵךְ); fig. of punishment for wicked פְּנֵיהֶם חֲבֹשׁ בטמון Jb 40:13 veil their faces in darkness (‖ טָמְנֵם בֶּעָפָר) v. Di b. pass. prob. twined, twisted in חֲבָלִים חֲבֻשִׁים וַאֲרֻזִים Ez 27:24, cords twisted and strong, v. Sm Da. Especially c. of equipping a beast for riding; ass, in acc. Gn 22:3 Nu 22:21 (both E), 2 S 17:23 & 19:27 (where however read לוֹ חָבְשָׁה־לִּי, so 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Th We Dr), 1 K 2:40; 13:13(×2), 23, 27(×2) (v 27 b no dir. obj. expressed) 2 K 4:24; pass., also of asses, Ju 19:10 2 S 16:1. d. fig. = restrain, control (Germ. bändigen), abs. Jb 34:17. 2. bind up, viz. a wound, usually in fig., of comforting the distressed, etc.; c. sf. pers. Ho 6:1 (‖ רָכָּא, opp. הִכָּה); sq. לְ pers. לַחֲבֹשׁ לְנִשְׁבְּרֵי־לֵב Is 61:1; cf. Ez 34:4 (sq. לַנִּשְׁבֶּרֶת; ‖ חַזֵּק, רִפֵּא), v 16 (sq. id.; ‖ חִזֵּק); sq. acc. rei בְּיוֹם חֲבֹשׁ י׳ אֶת־שֶׁבֶר עַמּוֹ Is 30:26;26 (‖ רָפָא); c. acc. of Pharaoh’s broken arm Ez 30:21 (si vera l., v. supr.; cf. Pu.); abs. Jb 5:18 (opp. הִכְאִיב; ‖ רָפָה = רָפָא); also Is 3:7 of repairing fortunes of people. Pi. Pf. חִבֵּשׁ bind, restrain מִבְּכִי נהרות Jb 28:11; Pt. מְחַבֵּשׁ bind up לְעַצְבוֹתָם ψ 147:3. Pu. Pf. be bound up חֻבְּשָׁה Ez 30:21 (metaph.) Pharaoh’s broken arm; חֻבָּ֑שׁוּ Is 1:6 (wounds of land of Judah).
† לְבוּשׁ, לְבֻשׁ n.m. Jb 30:18 garment, clothing, raiment (on format. cf. Ges§ 84 a, 12 LagBN 64, 179);—לְבוּשׁ abs. 2 K 10:22 + 9 times; cstr. לְבוּשׁ Est 4:2 + 2 times, לְבֻשׁ Is 14:19; sf. לְבוּשִׁי Jb 30:18 + 3 times; לְבוּשֶׁ֑ךָ Is 63:2; Pr 27:26; לְבוּשׁוּ Is 63:1; Jb 41:5, לְבֻשׁוֹ 2 S 20:8 + 2 times; לְבוּשָׁהּ ψ 45:14 + 2 times; לְבוּשְׁכֶן 2 S 1:24; לְבוּשָׁם Je 10:9; pl. sf. לְבֻשֵׁיהֶם La 4:14;—garment, clothing, Gn 49:11 (poem in J; ‖ סוּתֹה), Jb 24:7 (‖ כְּסוּת), v 10; 30:18; 31:19; Pr 27:26; ψ 22:19; La 4:14; of women’s raiment 2 S 1:24 Pr 31:22, also fig. עֹז וְהָדָר לְבוּשָׁהּ v 25; specif. of princess ψ 45:14; of warrior’s tunic 2 S 20:8, cf. Is 63:1, 2 (י׳ as warrior); raiment for worshippers 2 K 10:22; for mourners, לְבוּשִׁי שָׂ֑ק ψ 35:13, cf. 69:12; בִּלְבוּשׁ שָׂק Est 4:2; of royal apparel ל׳ מַלְכוּת Est 6:8; 8:15, cf. (without מ׳) 6:9, 10, 11; scaly coat of crocod. פְּנֵיּ לְבוּשׁוֹ Jb 41:5; cover garment with violence Mal 2:16, fig. of putting away a wife, cf. RSK, 269 We; in other fig. uses:—as changed ψ 102:27 (sim. of heavens and earth), as covering 104:6 (sim. of deep upon earth); of cloud as garment of sea Jb 38:9, sim. of terrestrial objects in the light v 14.
† [יָנַק] vb. suck (NH id.; Aramaic יְנַק, ܝܺܢܰܩ, and deriv.; Assyrian enîḳu, suck SASm Asrb. i, Gloss. mušêniḳtu, nurse, Jen ZA, 1886, 402)— Qal Pf. וְיָנַקְתְּ consec. Is 60:16; וִינַקְתֶּם 66:12; Impf. יִינָ֑ק Jb 20:16; אִינָ֑ק 3:12; תִּינָ֑קִי Is 60:16; יִינָ֑קוּ Dt 33:19; תִּינְקוּ Is 66:11; Pt. יוֹנֵק Dt 32:25 + 7 times, יֹנֵק Nu 11:12; יוֹנְקִים ψ 8:3; יוֹנְקֵי Jo 2:16;—suck, of infant at mother’s breast, abs. Jb 3:12; metaph. of abundance and honour of Jerusalem in future, Is 66:11 abs.; sq. acc. of breast 60:16, acc. of milk v 16; 66:12; sq. acc. רֹאשׁ פְּתָנִים Jb 20:16 of punishment of wicked; pt. sq. acc. יוֹנֵק שְׁדֵי אִמִּי Ct 8:1; cstr. יוֹנְקֵי־שָׁדַיִם Jo 2:16 elsewhere as subst., suckling, babe Nu 11:12; Dt 32:25 (opp. אִישׁ שֵׂיבָה); ‖ עוֹלֵל 1 S 15:3; 22:19; ψ 8:3 Je 44:7 La 2:11; ‖ עוֹלָל 4:4, cf. Jo 2:16; ‖ גָּמוּל Is 11:8;—on Is 53:2 v. יוֹנֵק" dir="rtl" >יוֹנֵק Infr. Hiph. Pf. הֵינִ֫יקָה Gn 21:7; הֵנִ֫יקוּ La 4:3; Impf. sf. וַיֵּנִקֵ֫הוּ Dt 32:13; 3 fs. תֵּינִק Ex 2:7; וַתֵּ֫נֶק 1 S 1:23; וַתְּנִיקֵ֫הוּ Ex 2:9; Imv. fs. sf. הֵינִקִ֫הוּ v 9; Inf. לְהֵינִיק 1 K 3:21; Pt. מֵינֶ֫קֶת Ex 2:7; cstr. id. Gn 35:8; מֵנִקְתּוֹ 2 K 11:2; מֵינִקְתּוֹ 2 Ch 22:11; מֵנִקְתָּהּ Gn 24:59; מֵינִיקוֹת 32:16; מֵינִיקֹתַיִךְ Is 49:23;—give suck to, nurse, sq. acc. Gn 21:7 1 K 3:21 Ex 2:7, 9; 1 S 1:23; cause to suck honey, fig. Dt 32:13 (2 acc.); of animals La 4:3 sq. acc.; pt. fem. = nursing, אִשָּׁה מֵינֶקֶת Ex 2:7 lit. a nursing woman, a nurse; מ׳ alone as subst. = nurse Gn 24:59 (J), 35:8 (E דְּבֹרָה), 2 K 11:2; 2 Ch 22:11; metaph. Is 49:23; of camels גְּמַלִּים מֵינִיקוֹת Gn 32:16.
† I. נָשַׁק vb. kiss (NH id., Assyrian našâku, 𝔗 נְשֵׁיק, נְשַׁק, Syriac ܢܫܰܩ, kiss (orig. smell [نَشِقَ] according to LagNov. Psalt. Spec. 24 f.): Arabic نَسَقَ is fasten together, arrange in order, Ethiopic ንሱቅ pt. ordine dispositus, apte sertus Di 641, poss. akin to II. נשׁק);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. נ׳ 1 K 19:18 2 S 15:5; 3 fs. נָֽשְׁקָה Pr 7:13; 3 pl. נָשָׁ֑קוּ ψ 85:11; Impf. יִשַּׁק Gn 41:40, וַיִּשַּׁק 27:27 +; sf. יִשָּׁקֵ֫נִי Ct 1:2; 1 s. cohort. אֶשֳּׁקָה־ 1 K 19:20; 3 mpl. יִשָּׁק֑וּן Ho 13:2, etc.; Imv. וּשֲׁקָה Gn 27:26; Inf. cstr. נְשָׁק־ 2 S 20:9;—kiss, usually c. לְ pers.: Gn 27:26, 27; 29:11; 50:1 Ex 4:27 (all J), Gn 48:10 Ex 18:7 (both E), 2 S 15:5; 14:33; 19:40; 20:9 1 K 19:20 Pr 7:13 Ru 1:9, 14; so of idol-worship 1 K 19:18 (cf. WeSkizzen iii. 105; Heid. 109), cf. וַתִּשַּׁק יָדִי לְפִי Jb 31:27 and my hand hath kissed my mouth; rarely c. acc. pers. 1 S 20:41 (אִישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵהוּ), sf. pers. 1 S 10:1 Ct 1:2 (+ מִנְּשִׁיקוֹת), 8:1, also Gn 33:4 וַיִּשָּׁקֵהוּ (J; Holz E; wd. suspicious, Di rejects); עֲגָלִים יִשּׁ׳ Ho 13:2 calves do they kiss; שְׂפָתַיִם יִשָּׁ֑ק Pr 24:26 lips he kisses; abs. ψ 85:11 (fig., recipr.).—עַל־פִּיךָ יִשַּׁק Gn 41:40 is dub., Di ‘to thy mouth all my people shall yield’ (fit, adapt themselves, cf. Arabic √), so Kau BuhlLex, but this meaning uncertain, and text perhaps corrupt, v. Di Holz). Pi. Impf. 3 ms. וַיְנַשֵּׁק Gn 32:1; 45:15, וַיְנַשֶּׁק־ 29:13; Imv. mpl. נַשְּׁקוּ־ ψ 2:12; Inf. cstr. נַשֵּׁק Gn 31:28;—kiss = Qal: c. לְ pers. Gn 29:13 (J), 31:28; 32:1; 45:15 (all E); נַשְּׁקוּ־בַר ψ 2:12 is dub., cf. i. בַּר" dir="rtl" >בַּר p. 135 a supr. Hiph. Pt. מַשִּׁיקוֹת Ez 3:13 of wings of cherubim, gently touching each other (c. אֶל־).
† שָׁטַף vb. overflow, rinse or wash off (NH id., so J.Aram. שְׁטַף; Assyrian šaṭâpu, overflow, Arabic سطف id., Cuche);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Is 8:8 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּשְׁטֹף 1 K 22:38, etc.; Pt. שׁוֹטֵף Is 10:22 +, pl. שֹׁטְפִים Is 28:2;— 1. overflow, of river Is 8:8; Je 47:2a (v. נַחַל), Dn 11:10, 40, all fig. of invading army, cf. Is 28:15 (qy. by StaThLZ, Apr. 1894, 235, Du Marti read שׁוֹט שֹׁטֵט), v 18 (v. שׁוֹט), also (sim. of י׳ in judgment) v 2 (מַיִם), 30:28, of judicial destruction, שׁוֹטֵף צְדָקָה Is 10:22; c. acc. of land Je 47:2b, pers. (fig.) Is 43:2 (נְהָרוֹת), ψ 69:3 (שִׁבֹּלֶת), v 16 (שׁ׳ מַיִם), 124:4 (מַיִם), cf. Is 28:17 Ct 8:7; גֶּשֶׁם שׁוֹטֵף flooding rain (of י׳’s judgment) Ez 13:11, 13; 38:22; נַחַל שׁוֹטֵף Is 66:12, sim., in good sense.—Abs. Dn 11:26 v. Niph.—Fig. of dashing, rushing horse, כְּסוּס שׁוֹ׳ בַּמִּלְחָמָה Je 8:6. 2. flow, run, lit. of נַחַל ψ 78:20 2 Ch 32:4. 3. lit., rinse or wash off, c. acc. of thing washed 1 K 22:38, יָדָיו בַּמָּ֑יִם Lv 15:11 (P); of stain Ez 16:9 (מֵעָלַיִךְ; ‖ רָחַץ); עֲפַר־אָ֑רֶץ Jb 14:19. Niph. Impf. 3 ms. יִשָּׁטֵף בַּמַּיִם Lv 15:12 be rinsed out, off (P; of wooden vessel); 3 mpl. יִשָּֽׁטְפוּ מִלְּפָנָיו Dn 11:22 be swept away (defeated), read prob. יִשָּׁטֵף (for יִשְׁטֹף), also v 26 (cf. Dr). Pu. Pf. 3 ms. וּמֹרַק וְשֻׁטַּף בַּמָּ֑יִם Lv 6:21 (P) it shall be scoured and rinsed.
† שִׂמְלָה n.f. wrapper, mantle;—abs. שׂ׳ Gn 9:23 +, cstr. שִׂמְלַת Dt 21:13; 22:5; sf. שִׂמְלָֽתְךָ Dt 8:4, etc.; pl. שְׂמָלֹת Gn 45:22(×2) +, sf. שִׂמְלֹתָם 44:13 +, etc.;—wrapper, mantle (of man or [Ru 3:3 +] woman), usually square piece of cloth worn as outer garment (v. MackieHast.DB i. 625; BenzEncy. Bib. iii. 2932), Gn 35:2 Ex 22:26 (both E), Dt 8:4; 10:18; 21:13; 22:3; Is 3:6, 7; 9:4; 2 S 12:20 Kt, Ru 3:3 Kt (Qr in both pl.); as covering in sleep Gn 9:23 (J; cf. Ex 22:26), bed-covering Dt 22:17; covering or receptacle for articles Ex 12:34 (E), Ju 8:25 1 S 21:10, cf. Pr 30:4; more gen. garment, Dt 22:5, clothes (pl.) Gn 37:34; 44:13 (J), 41:14 Ex 19:10, 14 (all E), Jos 7:6 (JE), Is 4:1; as costly gifts Gn 45:22(×2) Ex 3:22; 12:35 (all E).
† I. גָּזַל vb. tear away, seize, rob (NH id., Ph. גזל Niph., Aramaic גְּזַל, ܓܠܰܙ & (Nas.) ܓܙܰܠ; Arabic جَزَلَ cut off)— Qal Pf. גָּזַל Jb 20:19 Ez 18:18, גָּזָ֑ל Lv 5:23 + 2 times, גָּזַלְתִּי ψ 69:5 etc.; Impf. יִגְזֹל Ez 18:7, וַיִּגְזֹל 2 S 23:21 1 Ch 11:23 etc.; Inf. גְּזֹל Is 10:2; Pt. act. גּוֹזֵל Pr 28:24; sf. גֹּזְלוֹ ψ 35:10; pl. cstr. גֹּזְלֵי Mi 3:2; pass. גָּזוּל Dt 28:29 + 4 times;—tear away, rob, c. obj. rei (movable), flock (עֵדֶר) Jb 24:2, ass Dt 28:31, women Ju 21:23 cf. Gn 31:31 (E), tear away orphan child from breast Jb 24:9 יתום מִשֹּׁד, snatch a spear from enemy’s hand 2 S 23:21 = 1 Ch 11:23; fig. of drying up snow-water Jb 24:19; (obj. stationary) take violent possession of, well of water Gn 21:25 (E), house Jb 20:19, fields Mi 2:2; (hyperb.) the skin Mi 3:2; c. acc. cogn. = seize, plunder, obj. גְּזֵלָה Lv 5:23 (P) Ez 18:7, 12, 16, גָּזֵל Ez 18:18; 22:29; indef. ψ 69:5; fig., obj. מִשְׁפָּט Is 10:2; c. obj. pers. robbed ψ 35:10 Pr 22:22; 28:24, prob. also Ju 9:25 cf. Lv 19:13 (H; abs.); cf. also pass. Dt 28:29 (‖ עָשׁוּק); הציל גָּזוּל מיד עושׁק Je 21:12 cf. 22:3; Mal 1:13 גָּזוּל (‖ פִּסֵּחַ lame and חוֹלֶה sick), prob. that rescued after seizure by wild beasts, therefore mutilated. †Niph. Pf. 3 fs. וְנִגְזְלָה, subj. sleep Pr 4:16 לא (‖ יִשְֽׁנוּ).
† [יַרְכָה, or יְרֵכָה Ol§ 167. g] flank, side, du. extreme parts, recesses;—sf. יַרְכָֿתוֹ Gn 49:13; du. יַרְכָתַיִם Ex 26:27; 36:32 + Ez 46:19 Qr (Kt ירכתם); יַרְכָתָ֑יִם Ex 26:23; 36:28; cstr. יַרְכְּתֵי Ju 19:1 + 20 times + 1 K 6:16 Qr (Kt ירכותי);— 1. side, i.e. further side of Zebulun, poet. for more distant border of the his territory Gn 49:13. 2. elsewhere always du. the two thighs, i.e. fig. angle, recess, extreme parts: as recesses of Mt. Ephr. Ju 19:1, 18; of Lebanon 2 K 19:23 = Is 37:24; of recesses or innermost part of a cave 1 S 24:4; a house Am 6:10 ψ 128:3; the pit (בּוֹר) Is 14:15 (‖ שְׁאוֹל), Ez 32:23; a ship Jon 1:5; יַרְכְּתֵי צָפוֹן remote parts of the north Is 14:13 Ez 38:6, 15; 39:2 ψ 48:3 (but here Lag proposes יר׳ רצון); יַרְכְּתֵי אָ֑רֶץ remote parts of earth Je 6:22; 25:32; 31:8; 50:41; of a long building, extreme or hinder part, so of tabernacle Ex 26:22, 23, 27; 36:27, 28, 32 (all P); of temple 1 K 6:16; of Ezek.’s temple Ez 46:19.
† יָעַד vb. appoint (NH id., appoint, assign, especially of acquiring or designating as wife; Aramaic id.; Arabic وَعَدَ promise, threaten, predict, iii. appoint a time or place; perhaps Assyrian ādu, decide, M-A17 DlHWB 230; Ph. n.pr. אשמניעד)— Qal Pf. sf. יְעָדוֹ 2 S 20:5; יְעָרָהּ Ex 21:8 + 2 times; Impf. 3 m. sf. יִיעָדֶנָּה Ex 21:9;—appoint, a time 2 S 20:5; place Je 47:7; a rod Mi 6:9; assign or designate as concubine Ex 21:8, 9 (JE). Niph. Pf. נוֹעַדְתִּי Ex 25:22; נֹעַדְתִּי Ex 29:43; pl. נוֹעֲדוּ ψ 48:5; Nu 10:3, 4; נוֹעָ֑דוּ Am 3:3; Impf. אִוָּעֵד Ex 29:42 + 3 times; 3 pl. וַיִּוָּעֲדוּ Jos 11:5; Jb 2:11; 1 pl. נִוָּעֵד Ne 6:10; וְנ��וָּעֲדָה v 2; Pt. pl. נוֹעָדִים Nu 14:35 + 3 times; נֹעָדִים 16:11;— 1. reflexive, meet at an appointed place, with לְ, of Yahweh meeting Moses at the Tent of ‘Meeting’ Ex 29:42, 43; 30:36 (P); at the throne of the Kapporeth 25:22; 30:6; Nu 17:19 (P). 2. meet by appointment Am 3:3 Jb 2:11; with בְּ of place Ne 6:2; אֶל of place v 10. 3. gather, assemble by appointment, kings for a campaign (abs.) Jos 11:5 (D), ψ 48:5; with אֶל, unto Moses Nu 10:4 (P); to the door of the tent of meeting v 3 (P); with עַל, unto Solomon 1 K 8:5 = 2 Ch 5:6; against Yahweh Nu 14:35; 16:11; 27:3 (P). Poʿēl; Pf. 1 s. יוֹעַדְתִּי (for MT יוֹדַעְתִּי) 1 S 21:3 sq. acc. pers. + אֶל of place, according to 𝔊 We Dr Kit Bu. Hiph. Impf. מִי יוֹעִדֶנִּי Je 50:44 = מִי יֹעִידֶנִּי 49:19 = מִי יוֹעִידֵנִי Jb 9:19 who will make me meet him at the appointed place (of judgment)? i.e. who will summon or arraign me? Hoph. Pt. מוּעָדִים לִפְנֵי Je 24:1 be set, placed before; אָנָה פָנַיִךְ מֻעָדוֹת Ez 21:21 whither thy face is set.
† תָּלָה vb. hang (NH id.; Assyrian Pi. tullû, hang up; Arabic تَّلَ let down, dangle (a rope, etc.); Aramaic תְּלָא, ܬܠܴܐ hang; perhaps Old Aramaic תלה id., Lzb386; Ethiopic ተለወ in derived sense, be devoted, addicted, to);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ת׳ Gn 40:22 +; 2 ms. וְתָלִ֫יתָ Dt 21:22 consec.; 3 pl. תָּלוּ Est 8:7; 9:14, sf. תלום 2 S 21:12 Kt (Qr v. תלא), etc.; Impf. 3 ms. sf. וַיִּתְלֵם Jos 10:26, etc.; Imv. mpl. sf. תְּלֻהוּ Est 7:9; Inf. cstr. לִתְלוֹת Ez 15:3 Est 6:4; Pt. act. תֹּלֶה Jb 26:7; pass. תָּלוּי Dt 31:23 + 2 times, pl. תְּלוּיִם Jos 10:26;—hang: 1. hang up any object: acc. of hands and feet of slain, + עַל־הַבְּרֵכָה 2 S 4:12; תָּלוּי of Absalom בָּאֵלָה in the terebinth 18:10; ת׳ c. acc. rei, + עַל Is 22:24 Ez 15:3 Ct 4:4 ψ 137:2; subj. י׳, ת׳ אֶרֶץ עַל־בְּלִימָה Jb 26:7. 2. specif. put to death by hanging, c. acc. pers. Gn 40:22; 41:13 (both E), 2 S 21:12 (cf. תלא), Est 9:14; abs. תָּלוּי Dt 21:23 one hanged; acc. pers. + עַל־עֵץ Gn 40:19 (E), Dt 21:22 Jos 8:29; 10:26(×2) (all JE), Est 5:14; 6:4; 7:9, 10; 8:7; 9:13, 25. Niph. Pf. 3 pl. שָׂרִים בְּיָדָם נִתְלוּ La 5:12 princes have been hung up by their hands; Impf. 3 mpl. וַיִּתָּלוּ עַל־עֵץ Est 2:23 they were hanged on a tree; + 3 ms. apoc. וַיִּתָּל 2 S 18:9 (for וַיֻּתַּן v. נתן Hoph.). Pi. hang up for display, c. acc. rei: Pf. 3 pl. תִּלּוּ Ez 27:10 (ב loc.), v 11 (עַל־חוֹמוֹתַיִךְ).
ἐνδύω or ἐνδύνω (ἐνδυνέω variant in Refs 5th c.BC+, with middle ἐνδύομαι, future -δύσομαι: aorist 1 -εδυσάμη; Epic dialect aorist or imperfect -εδυσόμην: aorist 2 active -έδυν: perfect -δέδῡκα: __I with accusative of things vel loci, go into, __I.1 of clothes, put on, ἔνδυνε χιτῶνα Refs 8th c.BC+; τὴν σκευήνRefs 5th c.BC+perfect ἐνδέδῡκα, wear, κιθῶνας λινέους Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, ἐν δ᾽ αὐτὸς ἐδύσετο χαλκόν Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐνδύεσθαι ὅπλα variant in Refs 5th c.BC+; also τὸν Ταρκύνιον ἐνδύεσθαι assume the person of T., NT+1st c.BC+:—passive, to be clothed in, have on, ἐσθῆτα ἐνδεδύσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 enter, press into, with accusative, ἐν δέ οἱ ἦτορ δῦν᾽ ἄχος ἄτλητον Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀκοντιστὺν ἐνδύσεαι thou wilt enter the contest Refs 5th c.BC+; also ἐ. εἰς.. Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς τὴν ἐπιμέλειαν ἐνδῦναι enter upon it, undertake it, Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, enter, Refs 5th c.BC+ insinuate oneself into their minds, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐνὶ χροῒ δύετο ῥινὸς ἐντυπάς Epic.inRefsperfect passive, φυσικαῖς ἐνδεδυμένος αἰτίαις uncertain in Refs 1st c.AD+: absolutely, creep in, variant for{ἐσ-}, Refs 5th c.BC+slip through, Refs 1st c.AD+ __I.3 sink in, hence τρίβος ἐνδεδυκώς sunken path, Refs; ῥίς sunken nose, Refs __II causal in present ἐνδύω, future -δύσω: aorist 1 -έδυσα:—put on another, clothe in, with double accusative, τὴν ἐξωμίδ᾽ ἐνδύσω σε Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 clothe, ἐνδύουσι τὤγαλμα Refs 5th c.BC+; σύ με ἐνδέδυκας [probably ῠ] Refs 2nd c.AD+
τελέω, Epic dialect also τελείω, both in Refs 8th c.BC+ (τελέοντες Refs 8th c.BC+: Epic dialect imperfect τέλεον Refs 8th c.BC+; Ionic dialect τέλεσκον Refs 3rd c.BC+: future τελέσω Refs 5th c.BC+; Epic dialect also τελέω, Refs 8th c.BC+; Attic dialect τελῶ Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist (ἐ) τέλεσα Refs 8th c.BC+; Epic dialect τέλεσσα and ἐτέλεσσα Refs 8th c.BC+ (infinitive τελέσσαι Refs 5th c.BC+; Attic dialect ἐτέλεσα Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect τετέλεκα Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, future (see. below): aorist ἐτελεσάμην Refs; perfect τετέλεσμαι Refs 3rd c.BC+:—passive, Epic dialect imperfect ἐτελείετο Refs 8th c.BC+: future τελεσθήσομαι Refs 4th c.BC+; future middle in this sense, τελεῖται Refs 8th c.BC+; participle τελεόμενος Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐτελέσθην Refs 8th c.BC+; Aeolic dialect infinitive τελέσθην Refs 7th c.BC+: perfect τετέλεσμαι Refs 8th c.BC+: pluperfect τετέλεστο Refs: Cretan dialect perfect participle τετελημένος Refs; Ionic dialect 3rd.pers. plural perfect τετέληνται uncertain in Refs 3rd c.BC+: (τέλος):—fulfil, accomplish, execute, perform, frequently in Poets from Refs 8th c.BC+; μ᾽ ἔφαντο ἄξειν εἰς Ἰθάκην, οὐδ᾽ ἐτέλεσσαν but did it not,Refs 8th c.BC+; ταύτῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐς Φάρσαλον ἐτέλεσε Refs; κίνδυνον τελέσσαι perform a dangerous feat, Refs 5th c.BC+, compare d:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+; καὶ εἰ τετελεσμένον ἐστί, ={τελεῖσθαι δύναται}, Refs 8th c.BC+; αὐτίκ᾽ ἔπειθ᾽ ἅμα μῦθος ἔην, τετέλεστο δὲ ἔργον 'no sooner said than done',Refs 5th c.BC+; τετέλεσται NT __2 fulfil one's word, τ. ἔπος, μῦθον, ὑπόσχεσιν, Refs 8th c.BC+; τελέσαι κότον, χόλον, glut one's fury, wrath, Refsgrant one the fulfilment or accomplishment of anything, τ. νόον τινί fulfil his wish,Refs 8th c.BC+; rarely with infinitive, οὐδ᾽ ἐτέλεσσε φέρων δόμεναι he succeeded not in.., Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, to be fulfilled, Refsperfect participle, [μῦθος] τετελεσμένος ἐστί Refs 8th c.BC+ —middle, τελέσασθαι δίκην bring a suit to issue, Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 grant in full, work out, ἀγαθόν τινι, ὅ τι φρεσὶν ᾗσι μενοινᾷ Refs 8th c.BC+; θεῶν τελεσάντων (i.e. αὐτό) Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 ὅρκια τελεῖν make an oath effective, Refs 8th c.BC+: later, execute a legal document, δημόσιος χρηματισμὸς τετελεσμένος δι᾽ ἐπιτηρητῶν ἀγορανομίας Mitteis Refs 1st c.AD+ __5 bring to fulfilment or perfection, ἀρετὰν.. πεπρωμέναν τελέσει Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. τινά bless him with perfect happiness, Refs 4th c.BC+: also, bring a child to maturity, bring it to the birth, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5.b with an adjective added, ἅπαντας ἡ παίδευσις ἡμέρους τελεῖ makes perfectly gentle, Refs 4th c.BC+ __6 bring to an end, finish, end, ἐξ ἀγαθοῦ γὰρ ἀρξάμενος τελέω τὸν λόγον εἰς ἀγαθόν Refs __7 of Time, ὅτε δὴ τρίτον ἦμαρ.. τέλεσ᾽ Ἠώς Refs 8th c.BC+; βίον τ. Refs 5th c.BC+; πολλοὺς τρόχους ἡλίουRefs; also τ. νοῦσον come to the end of it, Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, περὶ δ᾽ ἤματα μακρὰ τελέσθη Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐν τοῖς ἔτεσι τοῖς δὶς ἑπτὰ τετελ. Refs 4th c.BC+; of men, come to one's end, οἴμοι.. δεσπότου τελουμένου Refs 4th c.BC+ __8 sometimes intransitive, like the passive, come to an end, be fulfilled, turn out, οὐ γὰρ οἶδ᾽ ὅπῃ τελεῖRefs 5th c.BC+: later ={τελέθω}, to be, φύσει τελῶν μνησίκακος Refs __II pay what one owes, what is due, λιπαρὰς τελέουσι θέμιστας Refs 8th c.BC+ (unless this means 'will administer good laws'); νῆας.. αἵ κεν τελέοιεν ἕκαστα ἄστε᾽ ἐπ᾽ ἀνθρώπων ἱκνεύμεναι bring supplies of everything, Refs 8th c.BC+: generally, pay, present, δῶρα, δωτίνην, Refs 8th c.BC+; τ. ψυχὰν Ἀΐδᾳ, i.e. die, Refs __II.b especially pay tax, duty, toll, φόρον Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. μετοίκιον pay the tax of a μέτοικος,Refs 4th c.BC+; τ. σῖτον pay one's contribution of corn, Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, pay tax, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, of money, etc., to be paid, Refs; of persons, to be in receipt of rent, χώραν ἀτέλεστον ἔχουσιν αὐτοὶ τετελεσμένοι Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 lay out, spend, χρήματα μεγάλα Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be spent or expended, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐς τὸ δεῖπνον τετρακόσια τάλαντα τετελεσμένα laid out upon the dinner, Refs; ἕνδεκα μυριάδας μεδίμνων τελεομένας ἐπ᾽ ἡμέρῃ ἑκάστῃRefs 5th c.BC+ __II.2.b consume, eat Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 since, in many Greek cities, the citizens were distributed into classes accusative to their taxable property, τ. εἴς τινας meant to belong to a class, to be reckoned among, τ. ἐς Ἕλληνας, ἐς Βοιωτούς, belong to the Greeks, the Boeotians, Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς ἀστοὺς τ. become a citizen, Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς ἄνδρας τ. come to man's estate, Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς γυναῖκας ἐξ ἀνδρὸς τ. become a woman instead of a man, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἕκαστος ἡμῶν ὑπό τινα τελεῖ δαίμονα ὃς πάσης ἡμῶν τῆς ζωῆς ἐπάρχει belongs.. , Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.4 from the last sense perhaps may be explained the phrase, κοῖός τις δοκέοι ἀνὴρ εἶναι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα τελέσαι to compare with his father, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III initiate in the mysteries, τινα Refs 5th c.BC+; τυμπανίζειν καὶ τ. Refs 1st c.AD+:—passive, to have oneself initiated, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐτέλεις, ἐγὼ δ᾽ ἐτελούμην Refs 4th c.BC+; Διονύσῳ τελεσθῆναι to be consecrated to Dionysus, initiated in his mysteries, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.b in Magic, endow a thing with potency, consecrate it, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.c enchant, Παλλάδιον τετελεσμένον Eust.ad Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III.2 metaphorically, τελεσθῆναι στρατηγός to be formally appointed general, Refs 4th c.BC+; τετελεσμένος σωφροσύνῃ a votary of temperance, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.3 also of sacred rites, perform, ἱερά Refs 5th c.BC+; γάμον, γάμους, Refs 3rd c.BC+:— passive, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.4 passive, of women, to be married, Refs
† בָּשַׁל vb. boil, seethe (intr.), grow ripe (Aramaic בְּשַׁל, ܒܫܶܠ ripen, Nas. ܒܫܰܠ boil, NSyr. ܒܵܫܸܠ be boiled, cooked, cf. Assyrian bašâlu (bašlu, cooked) ZimBP 76)— Qal Pf. בָּשַׁל Jo 4:13, בָּֽשְׁלוּ Ez 24:5;—boil, cook (intr.) Ez 24:5; grow ripe (of קציר) Jo 4:13;— Pi. Pf. 3 ms. sf. בִּשְּׁלָם 1 K 19:21; וּבִשַּׁלְתָּ֫ Ex 29:31; Dt 16:7, בִּשְּׁלוּ La 4:10 + 2 times, וּבִשְּׁלוּ consec. Zc 14:21; Impf. 3 fs. וַתְּבַשֵּׁל 2 S 13:8; 2 ms. תְּבַשֵּׁל Ex 23:19 + 2 times, יְבַשְּׁלוּ Ez 46:20, 24, וַיְבַשְּׁלוּ 2 Ch 35:13, תְּבַשְּׁלוּ Ex 16:23, וַנְּבַשֵּׁל 2 K 6:29; Imv. בַּשֵּׁל 2 K 4:38, בַּשְּׁלוּ Lv 8:31, בַּשֵּׁ֑לוּ Ex 16:23; Inf. בַּשֵּׁל 1 S 2:13; Pt. מְבַשְּׁלִים Ez 46:24;— 1. boil (tr.) obj. om. Nu 11:8, בָּשָׂר 1 S 2:13; גְּדִי Ex 23:19; 34:26; Dt 14:21; נזיד 2 K 4:38; of offerings, obj. הקדשׁים 2 Ch 35:13; obj. אשׁם Ez 46:20, זבח Ez 46:24 (no obj.) v 24, cf. Zc 14:21 (no obj.); Ex 16:23(×2) opp. אפה bake. 2. cook (general), obj. בשׂר 1 K 19:21 Ex 29:31; Lv 8:31 (both P); obj. בֵּן 2 K 6:29 cf. יֶלֶד La 4:10; hence also of הפסח Dt 16:7 (cf. Di; ‖ Ex 12:8, 9 has צְלִי אֵשׁ opp. מְבֻשָּׁל בַּמַּיִם) 2 Ch 35:13 (בָּאֵשׁ), cakes (הלבבות) 2 S 13:8. Pu. Pf. 3 fs. בֻּשָּׁ֑לָה Lv 6:21; Impf. 3 fs. תְּבֻשַּׁל־ Lv 6:21; Pt. מְבֻשָּׁל Ex 12:9; 1 S 2:15;—be boiled, sodden, במים Ex 12:9 cf. Lv 6:21(×2) (all P) 1 S 2:15. Hiph. Pf. הִבְשִׁילוּ ripened, brought to ripeness Gn 40:10 (grape-clusters).
† חָלַף vb. pass on or away, pass through (mostly poet.) (NH id., pass by or away, change; Ph. חלפת equivalent, ReinachRÉJ 188, 276; Hoffm G. G. Abh. xxxvi. 1890, 20; Aramaic חֲלַף pass away, change; ܚܠܰܦ change, substitute; Nab. חלף change (?) Eut p. 53; Arabic خَلَفَ come after, succeed, replace [cf. ‘Caliph’ i.e. successor (of Mohammed)] and many deriv. Lane792–799; so also ויחלפה MI 6 and his son succeeded him; Ethiopic ኀለፈ pass by, across, through)— Qal Pf. חָלַף Ct 2:11 Hb 1:11 etc.; Impf. יַחֲלֹף Jb 4:15 + 4 times; 3 fs. sf. תַּחְלְפֵ֫הוּ Jb 20:24; יַחֲלֹ֑פוּ ψ 102:27; Inf. cstr. לַחֲלוֹף Is 21:1;— 1. a. pass on quickly 1 Sa 10:3; elsewhere only poet., move or sweep on, of a flood Is 8:8, or wind 21:1 Jb 4:15 Hb 1:11, of God Jb 9:11; 11:10. b. pass away (vanish) Jb 9:26 (of days); Ct 2:11 (of rain ‖ עבר), of the heavens ψ 102:27, of idols Is 2:18, (but perhaps gloss JBL ix. 1890, 86). 2. of grass, come on anew, i.e. sprout again (cf. Hiph. 2) ψ 90:5, 6, so Thes AV De Hi Che Bae al.; less suitably in context 𝔊 𝔙 Ew pass away, supr. 1 b. 3. trans. a. pass through, i.e. pierce, sq. acc. Ju 5:26 Jb 20:24. b. overstep, transgress Is 24:5 (‖ עבר), (cf. Arabic iv. to break a promise). Pi. Impf. וַיְחַלֵּף (cause to pass) change, sq. acc. garment Gn 41:14 (E) 2 S 12:20. Hiph. Pf. חֶחֱלִף Gn 31:7; Impf. יַחֲלִיף Jb 14:7; sf. יַחֲלִיפֶנּוּ Lv 27:10; 3 fs. תַּחֲלִיף Jb 29:20; 2 ms. וַתַּחֲלֵף Gn 31:41; sf. תַּחֲלִיפֵם; יַחֲלִ֫יפוּ Is 40:31; 41:1; נַחֲלִיף Is 9:9;— 1. change (trans.) garments Gn 35:2 (E) ψ 102:27, wages Gn 31:7, 41 (both E); no obj. expr. Lv 27:10 (P); substitute i.e. cause to succeed Is 9:9; change for better, renew, obj. כֹּחַ Is 40:31; 41:1. 2. shew newness, of tree, putting forth fresh shoots Jb 14:7, of bow 29:20.
† מְעִיל n.m. 1 S 2:19 robe (Thes conj. orig. meaning cover for √ מעל, cf. בגד; BAES 15 comp. Arabic مُلَاءَةٌ an outer garment, but against this StaThLZ, Apr. 28, 1894, 235);—מ׳ Ex 28:31 + 18 times; sf. מְעִילוֹ 1 S 15:27; מְעִלוֹ Jb 1:20; 2:12 + 4 times sg.; pl. מְעִילִים 2 S 13:18, (but del. We Klo Kit Bu SS; orig. gloss מֵעוֹלָם We Kit Bu); מְעִילֵיהֶם Ez 26:16;—exterior garment, robe, worn over the inner tunic כְּתֹנֶת: 1. worn by men of rank: Saul and Jonathan 1 S 18:4; 24:5, 12(×2); princes of the sea Ez 26:16; Job Jb 1:20; 2:12; Samuel 1 S 15:27; 28:14; Ezra Ezr 9:3, 5; David clothed with מ׳ בוץ 1 Ch 15:27 (in the procession of the ark); the child Samuel had מ׳ קָטֹן 1 S 2:19;—(it had a skirt כנף 1 S 15:27; 24:5, 12(×2)). 2. worn by the daughters of David 2 S 13:18 (but prob. del., v. supr.) 3. robe of high priest (only P): מְעִיל הָאֵפוֹד, made of purple stuff, Ex 28:31; 29:5; 39:22; אפוד ומעיל 28:4; הַמְּעִיל Lv 8:7, having שׁוּלֵי הַמְּעִיל skirts Ex 28:34; 39:24, 25, 26, around which were alternate coloured pomegranates and golden bells, and פִּי הַמְּעִיל, an opening or hole by which it might be drawn over the head 39:28. 4. fig. of attributes (of י׳, and of men), קנאה Is 59:17; צדקה 61:10; משׁפט Jb 29:14; בשׁת ψ 109:29.
† I. [נָדַד] vb. retreat, flee, depart, stray, wander, flutter (NH id.; Arabic نَدَّ flee, run away; Aramaic ܢܰܕ hate, abominate, shrink from, Aph. put to flight, etc.; נְדַד flee);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. נָֽדְדָה Is 10:31 Est 6:1; 3 pl. נָֽדְדוּ Ho 7:13 + 4 times, נָדָ֑דוּ Is 21:15 Je 4:25; Impf. יִדּוֹד Na 3:7; 3 fs. וַתִּדַּד Gn 31:40; 3 mpl. יִדֹּדוּן ψ 68:13(×2); Inf. cstr. נְדֹד ψ 55:8; Pt. נֹדֵד Je 49:5 +; f. נוֹדֶ֫דֶת Pr 27:8; pl. נֹדְדִים Ho 9:17;— 1. retreat, flee Is 21:15 from before (מִפְּנֵי) swords; 33:3 at the sound (מִקּוֹל) of tumult; abs. 10:31; 22:3 ψ 68:13(×2), of birds and beasts Je 4:25; 9:9 (+ הָלָ֑כוּ); pt. = fugitive Is 16:3; 21:14; of fleeing in horror, disgust, c. מִן pers. Na 3:7 ψ 31:12. 2. flee, depart, Isr. from (מִן) י׳ Ho 7:13; of sleep (מֵעֵינַי) Gn 31:40 (E), abs. Est 6:1. 3. wander, stray (homeless, cf. נוד), עוֹף נוֹדֵד Is 16:2 (in sim.), so Pr 27:8 (מִן loc., in sim.), cf. v 8 (מִן loc.); of scattered Isr. Ho 9:17 Je 49:5; (searching) for food Jb 15:23 (wicked man); אַרְחִיק נְדֹד ψ 55:8 I will wander afar. 4. trans. flutter wings (of bird, in fig.) Is 10:14. Poʿal Pf. consec. שֶׁמֶשׁ זָֽרְחָה וְנֹדַד Na 3:17 the sun hath arisen and it (the locust swarm) is chased away. Hiph. chase away, Impf. 3 mpl. sf. וּמִתֵּבֵל יְנִדֻּ֑הוּ Jb 18:18 (of wicked, ‖ יֶהְדְּפֻהוּ מֵאוֹר). Hoph. be chased away, Impf. 3 ms. וְיֻדַּד כְּחֶזְיוֹן Jb 20:8 (of wicked); קוֹץ מֻנָֿד 2 S 23:6 thorns thrust away (si vera l., cf. Dr.; Klo Bu HPS ק׳ מִדְבָּר). Hithpoʿl Impf. יִתְנוֹדְדוּ ψ 64:9 flee away (in horror, disgust, cf. Qal Na 3:7 ψ 31:12).
עֲבַד vb. make, do (𝔗 Syriac Old Aramaic Nab. Palm. Egyptian Aramaic (S-CPap.; cf. אַזְדָּא); = BH עָבַד, q.v., but in meaning ‖ עשׂה);— Pe. Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ Dn 3:1 +, 2 ms. עֲבַ֑דְתְּ (K§ 13, 2) 4:32; 1 s. עַבְדֵֿת 3:15; 6:23, 3 mpl. עֲבַ֫דוּ Ezr 6:13 +; Impf. 2 mpl. תַּעְבְּדוּן (Baer K§ 38, 1. b); תַּעַבְדוּן Gi Str) Ezr 6:8; 7:18; Inf. מֶעְבַּד (K§ 15, a) 2)) 4:22; 7:18 (מֶעְבַּ֑ד); Pt. act. עָבֵד 7:26 +, fs. עָבְדָא Dn 7:21; mpl. עָֽבְדִין Ezr 4:15;— 1. make, acc. rei Dn 3:1, 15 and (of creation) Je 10:11; make a feast Dn 5:1, war 7:21 (עִם pers.), ded. of temple Ezr 6:16. 2. do, acc. of deed, Dn 4:32 (of God), 6:23 Ezr 4:15, 22; do, act, כְּנֵמָא, thus, Ezr 6:13, כ, according to, Dn 7:18 and (of God) 4:32, abs. 6:11; acc. + ב rei Ezr 7:18 do something with, + עִם pers. 6:8; do, perform, acc. of God’s law 7:26, acc. of signs, etc. (subj. God) Dn 6:28 and (+ עִם pers.) 3:32. Hithpe. Impf. 3 ms. יִתְעֲבֵד Ezr 6:11 +, ד—ִ֑ 6:12; 7:21; 2 mpl. תִּתְעַבְדוּן Dn 2:5; Pt. מִתְעֲבֵד Ezr 7:26, -בֶד־ 4:19, fs. -עַבְדָא 5:8;— 1. be made into, c. n. pred., Dn 2:5; 3:29; Ezr 6:11. 2. be done, wrought, 4:19, 5:3 (subj. עֲבִידְתָּא); be performed, executed, of command Ezr 6:12; 7:21, 23, judgment 7:26.
I. [קָשָׁה] vb. be hard, severe, fierce (NH קָשָׁח be severe; Arabic قَسَا (ى) be hard, dry, iii. endure, struggle against, severity; Aramaic קְשָׁא, ܩܫܳܐ be hard, difficult; J.Aram קְשִׁי, קַשְׁיָה adj. hard);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. קָֽשְׁתָה 1 S 5:7, קָשָׁ֑תָה Gn 49:7; Impf. 3 ms. יִקְשֶׁה Dt 1:17; 15:18, וַיִּ֫קֶשׁ 2 S 19:44;— 1. be hard, difficult Dt 1:17 (of a legal case; מִן compar.). 2. be hard, severe, ק׳ יָדוֹ עָלֵינוּ 1 S 5:7 (of י׳, in judgment); יִק׳ בְעֵינֶ֑ךָ Dt 15:18 it shall not be hard in thine eyes (seem a severe trial, an injustice); of wrath Gn 49:7 (poem in J; ‖ עָ֑ז); of fierce words 2 S 19:44. Niph. Pt. נִקְשֶׁה Is 8:21 hardly bestead, hard pressed. Pi. Impf. 3 fs. וַתְּקַשׁ בְּלִדְתָּהּ Gn 35:16 (E) she made hard in her bearing (had severe labour). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִקְשָׁה Ex 13:15 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיֶּקֶשׁ 2 Ch 36:13; 3 mpl. וַיַּקְשׁוּ Je 7:26 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. sf. בְּהַקְשֹׁתָהּ Gn 35:17; Pt. מַקְשֶׁה Pr 28:14; 29:1;— 1. make difficult, difficulty: הִקְשָׁה לְשַׁלְּחֵנוּ Ex 13:15 Pharach made difficulty about sending us away; of travail Gn 35:17 (E; as Pi.); הַקְשִׁיתָ לִשְׁאוֹל 2 K 2:10 thou hast made hard to ask, asked a hard thing. 2. make severe, burdensome, yoke imposed by king 1 K 12:4 = 2 Ch 10:4. 3. a. make hard, stiff, stubborn, fig. of obstinacy: וַיַּקְשׁוּ אֶת־עָרְפָּם 2 K 17:14 they stiffened their neck, so Je 7:26; 17:23; 19:15; Dt 10:16; 2 Ch 30:8; 36:13; Ne 9:16, 17, 29 Pr 29:1; אַל־תַּקְשׁוּ לְבַבְכֶם ψ 95:8, cf. Pr 28:14; subj. י׳, אַקְשֶׁה אֶת־לֵב פ׳ Ex 7:3 (P), acc. אֶת־רוּחוֹ Dt 2:30. b. shew stubbornness Jb 9:4 (c. אֶל pers. [י׳]).
ἐκχέω (laterἐκφων-χύνω NT, etc., condemned by Refs 2nd c.AD+future -χέω (see. χέω): aorist 1 ἐξέχεα (also imperative ἔκχυσον Refs 5th c.AD+; Epic dialect aorist middle ἐκχευάμην Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect ἐκκέχῠκα Refs 4th c.BC+:—pour out, properly of liquids, οἶνον NT+8th c.BC+; ἀναίτιον αἷμα Refs 2nd c.BC+; πηγάς Refs 5th c.BC+is spilt, NT he poured forth his arrows, Refs 8th c.BC+ __b pour away: hence, spill, a vessel, ποδάνιπτρον Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸν χόα Men.[same place]:—passive, to be drained, εἰς [διώρυχα] Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 of words, pour forth, utter, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 pour out like water, squander, waste, ὄλβον Refs 5th c.BC+; spoil, τὸ πᾶν σόφισμα Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 spread out, λίνα, ὀθόνας, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __5 throw down, τινὰ κατὰ τοῦ κρηνοῦ Refs 1st c.BC+ __6 ὕπνον ἐ. shed, i.e. shake off sleep, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __7 ={συγχέω},{ὅρκια} Refs 5th c.AD+ __II passive, used by Refs 8th c.BC+pluperfect ἐξεκέχυντο, as also in 3rd.pers. singular Epic dialect aorist ἐξέχῠτο or ἔκχῠτο, participle ἐκχύμενος [ῠ]: later future ἐκχῠθήσομαι Refs 2nd c.BC+:—pour out, stream out or forth, properly of liquids, NT+8th c.BC+; ἱππόθεν ἐκχύμενοι pouring from the [wooden] horse, Refs 8th c.BC+: generally, to be spread out, πολλὰ δὲ [δέσματα].. μελαθρόφιν ἐξεκέχυντο Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.2 metaphorically, ῥηθέντα ματαίως ἐκκέχυται στομάτων Refs 5th c.BC+; to be cast away, forgotten, ἐκκέχυται φιλότης Refs 6th c.BC+ __II.3 give oneself up to any emotion, to be overjoyed, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. εἰς ἑταίρας, εἰς τὸν κίνδυνον, give oneself up to.., Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐπὶ τὰ εὐτρεπισθέντα, of a glutton, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.4 lie languidly, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II.5 metaphorically, of Time, ἐ. κατὰ τὴν χρονικὴν παράτασιν Refs 5th c.AD+ __II.6 extend, of a piece of land, Refs 1st c.AD+
† [נָתַק] vb. pull, draw, tear away, apart, off (NH id.; 𝔗 נְתַק in der. species (rare), pull off, tear off; Chr Pal. Aramaic ܢܬܩ shake off, SchwallyIdiot. 58; Arabic نَتَقَ pull off, draw out, shake; Di 660 cp. Ethiopic ነተገ, ነትገ detrahere, etc.);— Qal Pf. 1 pl. sf. וּנְתַקְּנוּהוּ consec. Ju 20:32 (on d. f. dirim. v. Ges§ 20 h); Impf. 1 s. sf. אֶתְּקֶנְךָּ Je 22:24 (cf. Ges§ 58, i); Pt. pass. נָתוּק Lv 22:24;— 1. draw away warriors from (כִון) city, unto (אֶל־) high road Ju 20:32. 2. draw or pull off ring from (מִן) finger Je 22:24 (fig. of rejection of king of Judah by י׳). 3. pull, tear away Lv 22:24 (pass., of testicles, + מָעוּךְ, כָּתוּת, כָּרוּת). Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִתַּק Is 5:27; 3 pl. נִתְּקוּ Jos 4:18; Jb 17:11, נִתָּ֑קוּ Je 6:29; 10:20; Impf. 3 ms. יִנָּתֵק Ju 16:9 + 2 times; 3 mpl. וַיִּנָּֽתְקוּ Jos 8:16, יִנָּתֵ֑קוּ Is 33:20;— 1. be drawn away from (מִן) city Jos 8:16 (cf. Qal 1); of soles of feet, be drawn out (from water) unto (אֶל־) dry ground 4:18. 2. be torn apart, or in two, snapped: of sandal-thong Is 5:27, strand of tow Ju 16:9 (sim.), cord Ec 4:12; especially tent-cord (in fig.) Is 33:20 Je 10:20, so יִנָּתֵק מֵאָהֳלוֹ מִבְטַחוֹ Jb 18:14; metaph. of plans (זִמֹּת) 17:11. 3. be separated, in smelting, fig., רָעִים לֹא נִתָּ֑קוּ Je 6:29. Pi. Pf. 1 s. נִתַּקְתִּי Je 2:20; 3 pl. נִתְּקוּ 5:5; Impf. 3 ms. יְנַתֵּק Ez 17:9 ψ 107:14, וַיְנַתֵּק Ju 16:9, sf. וַיְנַתְּקֵם v 12; 2 fs. תְּנַתֵּ֑קִי Ez 23:34; 1 s. אֲנַתֵּק Na 1:13; 1 pl. נְנַתְּקָה cohort. ψ 2:3; 2 mpl. תְּנַתֵּ֑קוּ Is 58:6;— 1. tear apart, snap, c. acc. הַיְתָרִים Ju 16:9 the cords, v 12 (+ מֵעַל זְרֹעֹתָיו); especially c. acc. מוֹסֵרוֹת, bonds (fig.) Na 1:13; Je 2:20; 5:5; 30:8 ψ 2:3; 107:14; obj. מוֹטָה Is 58:6 (‖ פַּתֵּחַ, and הַתֵּר אֲגֻדּוֹת מוֹטָה). 2. tear out, up, obj. roots Ez 17:9 (in fig.); tear out, away, obj. breasts 23:34 (in violent fig. of Jerus. as drunken woman). Hiph. 1. Inf. cstr. sf. הַתִּיקֵנוּ: draw away warriors from (מִוֹ city Jos 8:6 (= Qal 1). 2. Imv. ms. sf. הַתִּקֵם drag them away like sheep to slaughter Je 12:3 (of י׳’s dealing with wicked). Hoph. Pf. (si vera l.) הָנְתְּקוּ מִן־הָעִיר Ju 20:31 they were drawn away from the city (cf. Niph. 1), but prob. gloss, v. GFM.
† [קָדַם] vb. Pi. denom. (Gerber130) come or be in front, meet;—Pf. 1 s. קִדַּמְתִּי Jon 4:2 ψ 119:147; 3 pl. קִדְּמוּ Dt 23:5 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יְקַדְּמֵנִי ψ 59:11; 3 fs. sf. תְּקַדְּמַךָּ ψ 88:14; 1s. אֲקַדֵּם Mi 6:6; Imv. ms. קַדְּמָה ψ 17:13;— 1. a. meet, confront (with hostility) c. acc. pers. 2 S 22:6, 19 = ψ 18:6, 19, Jb 30:27, c. acc. פָּנָיו ψ 17:13; of hostile approach to city (acc.) 2 K 19:32 = Is 37:33 (+ adv. acc.). b. come to meet one (acc.) as friend, with (ב) sthg. Is 21:14; Dt 23:5; Ne 13:2, so, as worshippers (acc. of י׳), Mi 6:6(×2); c. acc. pers. + rei ψ 21:4; so 59:11 Kt 𝔊 𝔙 (acc. pers. alone Qr), acc. pers. alone ψ 79:8; acc. י׳ 88:14, acc. פָּנָיו (of י׳) 95:2 (+ בְּ), cf. חֶסֶד וֶאֱמֶת יְקַדְּמוּ פָנֶיךָ 89:15 (viz., to join themselves to thee). c. meet, receive, acc. pers., Jb 3:12. 2. a. go before, in front ψ 68:28. b. be in front, 1 S 20:25 (read וַיְקַדֵּם for וַיָּקָם) 𝔊 Ew Th We Dr al. 3. be beforehand, c. ב temp. ψ 119:147; + inf. cstr. Jon 4:2; anticipate, forestall, c. acc. rei ψ 119:148. Hiph. 1. Impf. 3 fs. תַּקְדִּים (We Now GASm תְּקַדֵּם) Am 9:10 calamity … shall not come in front about us (בַּעֲדֵינוּ). 2. Pf. 3 ms. sf. הִקְדִּימַנִי Jb 41:3 who has anticipated me [God]? 𝔊 Me Bi Bu confronted me (reading וַיִּשְׁלָ֑ם for foll. וַאֲשַׁלֵּם); Du יְקַדְּמֶנּוּ confronted him (the crocodile).
† אָפָה vb. bake (Assyrian epû, ZimBP 43 Aramaic אֲפָא, ܐܶܦܳܐ )— Qal Pf. א׳ Gn 19:3; אָפִיתִי Is 44:19; וְאָפוּ consec. Lv 26:26 etc.; Impf. 3 fs. sf. וַתֹּפֵהוּ 1 S 28:24; יֹאפוּ Ez 46:20; תֹּאפוּ Ex 16:23; Imv. אֵפוּ Ex 16:23; Pt. אֹפֶה Gn 40:1 +; אֹפֵהֶם Ho 7:6; pl. אֹפִים Gn 40:16 +; אֹפוֹת 1 S 8:13, etc.—bake, obj. לֶחֶם Lv 26:26 (H) Is 44:15, 19 (cf. Je 37:21); מַצּוֹת Gn 19:3 (J) 1 S 28:24; עֻגֹת מצות Ex 12:39 (J); חַלּוֹת Lv 24:5 (H); מִנְחָה Ez 46:20; מָן Ex 16:23(×2) (P;—c. 2nd obj. of material Ex 12:39 בָּצֵק, Lv 24:5 סֹלֶת, 1 S 28:24 קֶמַח). Pt. always as subst. baker Gn 40:1, 2, 5, 16, 17, 20, 22; 41:10 (all E) Ho 7:4, 6; Je 37:21 מִחוּץ הָא׳ out of the bakers’ street; also 1 S 8:13 (‖ טַבָּחוֹת, רַקָּחוֹת; only here fem.) Nowhere as a menial office, not even 1 S 8:13 where despotic power & growth of court emphasized. Niph. Impf. 3 fs. תֵּאָפֶה Lv 6:10; 7:9; 3 fpl. תֵּאָפֶינָה Lv 23:17;—pass. of Qal be baked, baken of לֶחֶם Lv 23:17; מִנְחָה 7:9 cf. 6:10.
† [חָצַב], חָצֵב vb. hew, hew out, cleave (NH id., Aramaic חֲצַב; SI4.6 pt. pl. החצבם; cf. Ph. מחצב = Heb. id.)— Qal Pf. חָצֵב Is 5:2; חָֽצְבָה Pr 9:1; חָצַבְתִּי Ho 6:5, etc.; Impf. וַיַּחְצֹב 2 Ch 26:10; 2 ms. תַּחְצֹב Dt 8:9; Inf. cstr. לַחְצֹב Je 2:13; לַחְצוֹב 1 Ch 22:2; Pt. act. חֹצֵב Is 10:15 + 4 times; cstr. חֹצְבִי Is 22:16; חֹצְבִים 1 Ch 22:2 + 3 times; חֹצְבֵי 2 K 12:13; pass. חֲצוּבִים Dt 6:11 Ne 9:25;— 1. hew out, (dig), wine-vat יֶקֶב Is 5:2; sepulchre (קֶבֶר) Is 22:16(×2); cisterns בֹּרוֹת Dt 6:11(×2) 2 Ch 26:10; Ne 9:25, cf. Je 2:13; of mining מהרריה תַּח׳ נחשׁת Dt 8:9 out of its mountains thou mayst hew out copper. 2. a. hew stone 1 Ch 22:2; metaph. of pillars Pr 9:1 (subj. wisdom); elsewhere pt., hewer of stone 2 K 12:13; 1 Ch 22:2, 15 (v. SI4.6 supr.); prob. 1 K 5:29; 2 Ch 2:1, 17 (ח׳ בָּהָר v. Be), cf. 24:12; Ezr 3:7. b. appar. hew wood Is 10:15 ח׳ בוֹ (i.e. בְּגַרְזֶן). 3. metaph. hew in pieces Ho 6:5 fig. of י׳ attacking people by agency of prophets (‖ הֲרַגְתִּים); divide, cleave subj. י׳’s voice ψ 29:7 obj. להבות אשׁ, i.e. the thunder of his voice sends forked lightnings (but on text cf. Che and crit. n.) Niph. Impf. יֵחָצְבוּן be cut, hewn, graven (words on rock) Jb 19:24. Pu. Pf. חֻצַּבְתֶּם Is 51:1 fig., hewn out of rock (of Isr.’s origin; ‖ נֻקַּר). Hiph. Pt. מַחֲצֶ֫בֶת Is 51:9 hew in pieces = Qal 3, fig. of destroying רהב = Egypt (cf. ψ 89:11).
† טָרַף vb. tear, rend, pluck (NH id., especially of wild beasts; Aramaic טְרַף tear, seize, especially of creditors; טְרֵיפָא torn flesh or animal; Arabic طَرَفَ depasture, said of camel)— Qal Pf. טָרַף Jb 16:9; טָרָ֑ף Ho 6:1, etc.; Impf. יִטְרֹף ψ 7:3; וַיִּטְרֹף Am 1:11 (but v. infr.); יִטְרָ֑ף Gn 49:27; אֶטְרֹף Ho 5:14 ψ 50:22; Inf. לִטְרֹף ψ 17:12; Pt. act. טֹרֵף Jb 18:4, etc.;—tear rend, of wild beasts, Gn 37:33 (J), 44:28 (J; inf. abs. c. Pu. q.v.), Ex 22:12 (JE; inf. abs. c. Niph. q.v.) Elsewhere only in sim. and metaph.; sim. of Gad’s fierceness Dt 33:20 (like a lioness, poem); so of Benjamin Gn 49:27 (as a wolf, poem); of the remnant of Jacob, like a young lion among sheep, רָמַם וְטָרַף Mi 5:7; of the wicked, ψ 17:12 (lion), 7:3 obj. נַפְשִׁי (like a lion); 22:14 psalmist’s foes like lion (‖ שֹׁאֵג); Ez 22:25 (טֹרֵף טָ֑רֶף), princes like wolves v 27 (id.); metaph. of Israel’s princes, like young lion 19:3, 6 (c. טֶרֶף acc. cogn.); of Nineveh’s king Na 2:13 (as lion); of God’s treatment of the wicked Ho 5:14 (like a lion), ψ 50:22; subj. wrath of God (אַף) conceived as assailing Job, Jb 16:9 his wrath teareth and persecuteth me; cf. טָרָ֖ף וְיִרְפָּאֵנוּ Ho 6:1 subj. י׳ (‖ יַךְ וְיַחְבְּשֵׁנוּ; on tenses v. Dr§ 84 β; 171, 174 n. 1); subj. anger of Edom (abs.) Am 1:11, but read perhaps וַיִּטֹּר for וַיִּטְרֹף and he kept his anger perpetually, so Ol on ψ 103:9 We; טֹרֵף נַפְשׁוֹ בְּאַפּוֹ, said of Job by Bildad Jb 18:4. Niph. Impf. of animal torn (by wild beasts) טָרֹף יִטָּרֵף Ex 22:12 (JE); יִטָּרֵף also in prediction of judgment on people of Jerusalem Je 5:6. Pu. Pf. טָרֹף טֹרַף יוֹסֵף Gn 37:33 (J) Joseph has certainly been torn in pieces; cf. ט׳ טֹרָ֑ף 44:28 (J). Hiph. Imv. ms. sf., note especially 2nd acc. לֶחֶם, הַטְרִיפֵנִי לֶחֶם חֻקִּי Pr 30:8 let me devour my appointed bread (of men, late; cf. טֶרֶף 31:15, and ψ 111:5 Mal 3:10).
† [פָּתָה] vb. denom. be simple (NH Pi. entice);— Qal Impf. 3 ms. יִפְתֶּה Dt 11:16; וַיִּפְתְּ Jb 31:27; Pt. פֹּתֶה Jb 5:2 Pr 20:19; f. פּוֹתֶה Ho 7:11;— 1. be open-minded(?), simple Jb 5:2; יוֹנָה פוֹתָה Ho 7:11 silly dove; פֹּתֶה שְׂפָתָיו Pr 20:19 one foolish as to his lips (most, openeth wide his lips). 2. be enticed deceived Dt 11:16 Jb 31:27. Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִפְתָּה Jb 31:9; Impf. 1 s. וָאֶפָּת Je 20:7;—be deceived Je 20:7; c. עַל enticed unto Jb 31:9. Piel Pf. 2 ms. פִּתִּיתָ Pr 24:28; sf. פִּתִּיתַנִי Je 20:7; 1 s. פִּתֵּיתִי Ez 14:9; Impf. 3 ms. יְפַתֶּה Ex 22:15 +, etc.; Imv. פַּתִּי Ju 14:15; 16:5; Inf. cstr. sf. פַּתֹּתְךָ 2 S 3:25; Pt. sf. מְפַתֶּיהָ (Ges§ 93 ss) Ho 2:15;— 1. persuade, woman Ho 2:16 (fig., י׳ subj.), seduce, virgin Ex 22:15; entice, husband Ju 14:15; 16:5; a man to sin Pr 1:10; 16:29. 2. deceive, 2 S 3:25 Pr 24:28 (yet cf. √ Hiph. supr.); subj. י׳, obj. proph., Je 20:7; Ez 14:9, cf. 1 K 22:20, 21, 22 = 2 Ch 18:19, 20, 21; obj. י׳, ψ 78:36. Pual Impf. 3 ms. יְפֻתֶּה: 1. be persuaded, Pr 25:15. 2. be deceived, 20:7, 10 be beguiled by י׳, Ez 14:9.
† שָׁלַף vb. draw out, off (NH id., loosen, draw (nail, sword; Jastr); Assyrian šalâpu, pluck out, draw sword; Aramaic שְׁלַף draw sword, draw off shoe, ܫܠܰܦ draw sword, in Lexx. remove corselet; Arabic سَلَفَ is pass, pass away, سَلَبَ strip, plunder, etc.);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Ju 3:22 +; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּשְׁלֹף Ru 4:8, etc.; Imv. ms. שְׁלֹף Ju 9:54 +; Pt. act. שֹׁלֵף 8:10 +, etc.; pass. f. שְׁלוּפָה Nu 22:23 +;— 1. draw out sword from (מִן) wound Ju 3:22, cf. Jb 20:25; usually sword from sheath Ju 8:20; 9:54; 1 S 31:4 = 1 Ch 10:4, + מִתַּעְרָהּ 1 S 17:51; וְחַרְבּוֹ שְׁלוּפָה בְּיָדוֹ Nu 22:23, 31; Jos 5:13 (all J), 1 Ch 21:16; elsewhere אִישׁ שֹׁלֵף ח׳ coll. Ju 8:10; 20:2, 15, 17, 46; 2 S 24:9 2 K 3:26 1 Ch 21:5(×2), cf. Ju 20:35 and (שֹׁלְפֵי ח׳) v 25. 2. draw off sandal Ru 4:7, 8 (cf. I. חלץ 1; also RSK 269 Dr Dt 25:9 BewerSK lxxvi (1903), 332). 3. shoot up (?), i.e. draw out blade, of grass on roof ψ 129:6 (cf. Ew Bae al.); Che Dr is unsheathed (vb. c. subj. indef. = pass.), with same meaning; Hup-Now proposes שָׁלֵם (with ‖ in Syriac); v. OrtenbergTextkritik d. Ps. (1861), 30 שֶׁחָלָף, WeHpt Du חֲלֹף (as 90:5, 6, v. ח׳ 2).
κοπ-ιάω, future -άσω [ᾱ]: aorist ἐκοπίᾱσα Refs 4th c.BC+: perfect κεκοπίᾱκα NT: (κόπος):—to be tired, grow weary, LXX+5th c.BC+, Men.[same place]; κ. ὑπὸ ἀγαθῶν to be weary of good things, NT+5th c.BC+: with participle, κ. ὀρχούμενοι Refs 5th c.BC+aorist participle κοπιάσας, defunctus laboribus, Refs:—middle in active sense, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II work hard, toil, NT+2nd c.AD+: with infinitive, strive, struggle, μὴ κοπία ζητεῖν Refs __III ={κοπάζω}, come to rest: arrive at a state of saturation, Refs 3rd c.AD+
περιβάλλω, future -βᾰλῶ: aorist περιέβᾰλον (see. below):— throw round, about, or over, put on or over, with accusative of things, φίλας περὶ χεῖρε βαλόντε Refs 8th c.BC+; π. τινὶ δεσμά, βρόχους, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τινὰ χαλκεύματι put him round the sword, i. e. stab him, Refs 4th c.BC+; also περὶ τὰ στέρνα θώρηκας π. Refs 5th c.BC+; περὶ ἕρμα π. ναῦν wreck it on.., Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, throw round or over oneself, put on, with accusative of things, περιβαλλόμενοι τεύχεα putting on their arms, Refs 8th c.BC+; εἷμα, φᾶρος περιβάλλεσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; frequently of defences, τεῖχος καὶ σωτηρίην περιβαλέσθαι τοῖς τε χρήμασι καὶ τοῖς σώμασιν Refs 5th c.BC+; λιμένι τεῖχος, χάρακα τῇ παρεμβολῇ, Refs 2nd c.BC+; also περὶ τὴν Πελοπόννησον τεῖχος π. Refs 5th c.BC+ build a wall round it, Refs 5th c.BC+: in perfect passive, have a thing put round one, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ τεῖχος περιβεβλημένος having his wall around him, encompassed by it, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 metaphorically, put round or upon a person, i. e. invest him with it, π. τινὶ ἀγαθόν (i. e. βασιληΐην), τυραννίδα, Refs 5th c.BC+; τινὶ π. ἀνανδρίαν, i.e. make him faint-hearted, Refs; π. τὴν αἰτίαν τῷ ἰατρῷ impute blame to.., Refs C.:—passive, with accusative, to be involved in, μεγίστην ζημίαν τὸ ταμεῖον περιβληθήσεται Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II reversely with dative of things, surround, encompass with.., περιβαλεῖν πλῆθος τῶν ἰχθύων (i.e. τῷ ἀμφιβλήστρῳ) Refs 5th c.BC+; [Βόσπορον] πέδαις π. Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τινὰ χερσί embrace, Refs:—middle, surround or enclose for one's advantage or defence, τὴν νῆσον π. τείχει Refs 5th c.BC+; π. θύννους net them, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 metaphorically, π. τινὰ κακῷ, συμφοραῖς, involve one in evil or calamity, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τινὰ φυγῇ, i.e. banish him, Refs 1st c.AD+ — passive, [συμφοραῖς] Refs 1st c.BC+ __III with accusative only, encompass, surround, περιβάλλει με σκότος, νέφος, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. ἀλλήλους embrace each other, Refs 5th c.BC+; also, clothe, τινα NT; τὸ περιβεβλημένον the space enclosed, enclosure, Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, ἤλαυνον περιβαλόμενοι [τὰ ὑποζύγια] surrounding them, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 fetch a compass round, double, ἵπποι περὶ τέρμα βαλοῦσαι Refs 8th c.BC+; especially of ships, round a cape, π. τὸν Ἄθων Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, of a hare, double, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.3 amplify, expand, λόγον Refs 2nd c.AD+ __IV middle, bring into one's power, compass, ἰδίῃ π. ἑωυτῷ κέρδεα Refs 5th c.BC+; σωφροσύνης δόξαν π. Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect passive, to have come into possession of.., πόλιν Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV.2 appropriate mentally, comprehend, περιβάλλεσθαι τῇ διανοίᾳ τὰς πράξεις Refs; πολλὰ περιβεβλῆσθαι πράγματα to have aimed at learning many things, Refs 4th c.BC+; logically, ξύμπαντα τὰ οἰκεῖα.. γένους τινὸς οὐσίᾳ π. embrace, Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV.3 use circumlocution, κομψῶς κύκλῳ π. Refs __V throw beyond, beat in throwing: hence generally, excel, surpass, μνηστῆρας δώροισι Refs 8th c.BC+; π. ἀρετῇ to be superior in.., Refs 8th c.BC+ __VI π. τὸ λουτρόν take a bath, Refs 3rd c.AD+
τελει-όω and τελεόω (the latter always in Refs 5th c.BC+:— make perfect, complete: __I of things, acts, works, time, make perfect, complete, accomplish, πάντα ἐτελέωσε ποιήσας Refs 5th c.BC+; τελεώσαντες τὰς σπονδάς having completed the libations, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. βίου ἐνιαυτούς complete the tale of years, Refs; τὸ ἔργον NT+2nd c.AD+:—middle, Refs 4th c.AD+:—passive, to be accomplished, Refs 5th c.BC+; τελεωθέντων ἀμφοτέροισι when both men had their wishes accomplished, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.b execute a legal instrument, make it valid by completing it, Refs 1st c.AD+ __I.2 in Logic, τ. τὸ εἶδος complete, make perfect the form or species, Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, of syllogisms, to be made perfect (by reduction to the 1st pers. figure, the other figures being ἀτελεῖς), Refs __I.3 passive, of prophecies, to be fulfilled, NT __II bring to perfection or consummation, ἐπιγενόμενα δὲ ταῦτα τῷ Δαρείῳ ἐτελέωσέ μιν sealed his success, in his claim to the monarchy, Refs 5th c.BC+; τελειῶσαι λόχον make the ambush successful, Refs 5th c.BC+:— passive, to be made perfect, attain perfection, Refs; especially by reaching maturity in point of age, Refs 5th c.BC+; so of the embryo, plants, come to maturity, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 in passive also, τελειωθῆναι, ={γῆμαι}, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.3 passive, to be made perfect, of true Christians, NT __II.4 passive, die, Refs __III intransitive, bring fruit to maturity, come to maturity, Refs 4th c.BC+
† I. בַּד, בָּ֑ד n.[m.] white linen (deriv. unknown) pl. בַּדִּים—אֵפוֹד בָּ֑ד 1 S 2:18 (Samuel), 1 S 22:18 (priests of Nob), 2 S 6:14 = 1 Ch 15:27 (David): in P as material of diff. priestly vestments Ex 28:42; 39:28 Lv 6:3(×2) 16:4(×4), 23, 32. Pl. (ה)לבושׁ (הַ)בַּדִּים clad in (the) linen garments, of angel Ez 9:2, 3, 11; 10:2, 6, 7; Dn 10:5; 12:6, 7.
† [גָּלַח] vb. be bald (Arabic جَلِحَ ); Pi. shave, shave off (so NH, Aramaic)—Pf. וְגִלַּח consec. Lv 14:8 + 2 times; sf. וְגִלְּחוֹ consec. 2 S 14:26; 3 fs. וְגִלְּחָה consec. Dt 21:12; Impf. יְגַלַּח Lv 14:9 Is 7:20, יְגַלֵּ֑חַ Lv 13:33 + 2 times, וַיְגַלַּח Gn 41:14 2 S 10:4; sf. (3 ms.) יְגַלְּחֶנּוּ, וַיְגַלְּחֵם 1 Ch 19:4; 3 fs. וַתְּגַלַּח Ju 16:19; 3 mpl. יְגַלֵּ֑חוּ Lv 21:5 Ez 44:20; Inf. sf. of subj. גַּלְּחוֹ 2 S 14:26;— 1. shave, obj. the head, רֹאשׁ Nu 6:9(×2), 18 (P) Dt 21:12 (hair as containing impurity cf. RSSem i 407), 2 S 14:26(×2) cf. 26 Ez 44:20; Lv 13:33 (P), obj. הַנֶּתֶק; obj. persons 1 Ch 19:4. 2. shave off, the hair שֵׂעָר Lv 14:8, 9(×2) (P) cf. Ju 16:19; the beard זָקָן Lv 21:5 (H) 2 S 10:4. 3. fig. of devastation by Assyrians Is 7:20 (obj. הָרֹאשׁ, שַׂעַר הָרַגְלָ֑יִם and הַזָּקָן) 4. intrans. he shaved (himself) Gn 41:14 (E). Pu. Pf. גֻּלָּ֑ח Ju 16:22, גֻּלַּחְתִּי Ju 16:17; Pt. cstr. מְגֻלְּחֵי Je 41:5;—be shaven, subj. pers. (of Samson) Ju 16:17, 22; מְגֻלְּחֵי זָקָן Je 41:5. Hithp. Pf. וְהִתְגַּלָּ֑ח consec. Lv 13:33; Inf. sf. הִתְגַּלְּחוֹ Nu 6:19;—shave oneself Lv 13:33; c. acc. אֶת־נִזְרוֹ Nu 6:19 (both P).
† I. חָלַץ vb. draw off or out, withdraw (NH id.; Aramaic חֲלַץ; ܚܠܰܨ despoil, usually Pa. etc.; Ph. n.pr. חלצבעל Baal has rescued, and חלץ alone; Arabic خَلَصَ withdraw, retire)— Qal Pf. Ho 5:6; וְחָֽלְצָה consec. Dt 25:9; חָֽלְצוּ La 4:3; Impf. 2 ms. תַּחֲלֹץ; Pt. pass. cstr. חֲלוּץ Dt 25:10— 1. draw, draw off, c. acc. of sandal Dt 25:9 Is 20:2 (both sq. רֶגֶל c. מִן), cf. בֵּית חֲלוּץ הַנָּ֑עַל Dt 25:10; draw out, present the breast, of animal giving suck La 4:3. 2. intrans. withdraw (himself) sq. מִן Ho 5:6. Niph. Pf. be delivered נֶחֱלָ֑ץ Pr 11:8 (sq. מִן); Impf. יֵחָלֵ֑צוּ Pr 11:9; יֵחָֽלְצוּן ψ 60:7 = 108:7 (Ges§ 51. 2. R. 2). Pi. Pf. חִלֵּץ Lv 14:43 etc.; Impf. יְחַלֵּץ Jb 36:15; וָאֲחַלְּצָה ψ 7:5 (but on text vid. infr. ad fin.); sf. אֲחַלֶּצְךָ ψ 50:15; אֲחַלְּצֶ֫ךָּ ψ 81:8, etc.; Imv. חַלְּצָה ψ 6:5; חַלְּצֵנִי ψ 119:153; 140:2;— 1. pull out, tear out Lv 14:40, 43 (P; stones from infested house). 2. rescue, deliver, c. obj. pers., but only poet.;—sq. נפשׁי ψ 6:5; 116:8 (מִמָּ֫וֶת); cf. 140:2 (sq. מִן); abs. c. acc. ψ 18:20 = 2 S 22:20, ψ 34:8; 50:15; 81:8; 91:15; 119:153 Jb 36:15; וָאֲחַלְּצָה ψ 7:5; sq. acc., but I delivered AV Hup Ri, cf. Ew; and spoiled, despoiled Ges Hi De Bae (but this only in Aramaic); and oppressed (read וָאֶֽלְחְצָה) Krochm Dy Gr Che; (‖ גָּמַלְתִּי רַע).
† [כָּהַן] vb. only Pi.denom. act as priest;—Pf. כִּהֵן Ex 40:13 1 Ch 5:36; 3 mpl. כִּהֲנוּ Ex 28:41; 40:15; Impf. 3 ms. יְכַהֵן Nu 3:4 + 2 times; pl. יְכַהֲנוּ 1 Ch 24:2; Inf. cstr. כַּהֵן Ex 29:1 + 11 times; sf. כַּהֲנוֹ Ex 28:1, 3, 4.— 1. minister as a priest, abs. Ex 31:10; 35:19; 39:41 Lv 16:32 Nu 3:3, 4 (all P); כ׳ לִי minister to me (י׳) Ex 28:1, 3, 4, 41; 29:1, 44; 30:30; 40:13, 15 (all P), Ez 44:13 Ho 4:6; כ׳ ליהוה Lv 7:35 (P), 1 Ch 5:36; 24:2 2 Ch 11:14 (always of Aaron and his sons, except Ez 44:13 2 Ch 11:14, where Levites are forbidden to minister; and Ho 4:6 of Israel, whose national priesthood is taken away). 2. be or become priest Dt 10:6 (E?). 3. play the priest: כֶּחָתָן יְכַהֵן פְּאֵר Is 61:10 as a bridegroom (that) priests it with his turban, decks himself with a splendid turban such as the priests wore.
† I. נָסַךְ vb. pour out (NH id., pour, cast (metals, Pi. make libation; Ph. נסך cast gold or iron Lzb323f.; 𝔗 נְסַךְ make libation; Syriac ܢܣܰܟ pour out; Arabic نَسَكَ, orig. be-pour, water NöZMG xli (1887), 719 (rare), usually worship Lane3032 (cf. RSSem. i. 213; 2d ed. 229), i.e. pour out blood of victim, pour out wine WeHeid. 2, 114, 118, 142);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. נָסַךְ Is 29:10; 40:19; נָסָ֑ךְ 44:10; Impf. 3 mpl. יִסְּכוּ. Ho 9:4; 2 ms. תִּסְּכוּ Ex 30:9; Inf. לִנְסֹךְ Is 30:1; v. ii. נָסַךְ²" dir="rtl" >נסך for Is 25:7;— 1. pour out (the spirit of deep sleep) c. על pers. Is 29:10. 2. pour out libations, c. acc. נֶסֶךְ Ex 30:9 (P); מַסֵּכָה Is 30:1; יַיִן Ho 9:4. 3. cast metal images, c. acc. פֶּסֶל Is 40:19; 44:10. Piel. Impf. יְנַסֵּךְ 1 Ch 11:18 pour out as libation, c. acc. מַיִם + ליהוה (= 2 S 23:16 Hiph.). Hiph. Pf. 3 mpl. הִסִּכוּ Je 32:39; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּסֵּךְ Gn 35:14 + 2 times; 1 s. אַסִּיךְ ψ 16:4; 3 mpl. וַיַסִּיכוּ Ez 20:28; Imv. הַסֵּךְ Nu 28:7; Inf. abs. הַסֵּיךְ Je 44:17; הַסֵּךְ Je 7:18 + 3 times; cstr. לְהַסֵּךְ Je 44:19, 25 (Köi. 309);—pour out libations, c. acc. נֶסֶךְ Gn 35:14 (E), 2 K 16:13; Nu 28:7 (P), מַיִם 2 S 23:16 ליהוה; elsewhere, נְסָכִים to other gods Je 7:18; 19:13; 32:29; 44:17, 18, 19(×2), 25, 19 Ez 20:28 ψ 16:4. Hop. Impf. 3 ms. יֻסַּךְ be poured out, Ex 25:29; 37:16, of holy wine, c. בְ of vessels.
κατεργ-άζομαι, future -άσομαι, later 3rd.pers. singular -ᾶται Refs 2nd c.BC+aorist κατειργασάμην, and (in passive sense) κατειργάσθην (see. below): perfect κατείργασμαι both in active and passive sense (see. below):— effect by labour, achieve, πρήγματα μεγάλα Refs 5th c.BC+; ἢν κατεργάσῃ if you do the job, Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect κατείργασμαι, μέγιστα ἔργα Refs 5th c.BC+: in passive sense, to have been effected or achieved, Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist -ειργάσθην Refs 2nd c.AD+ __b earn, gain by labour, acquire, τὴν ἡγεμονίην Refs 5th c.BC+ __c absolutely, achieve one's object, be successful, αὐτὸς ἑωυτῷ Refs; simply, work, ἐν τοῖς ἐργαστηρίοις Refs __2 with accusative person, make an end of, finish, kill, ἑωυτόν Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.b overpower, subdue, conquer, Refs 5th c.BC+; ποσὶ καὶ στόματι κ. [τινά] attack him, of a horse, Refs in passive sense, of land, μακέλλῃ τῇ κατείργασται πέδον is subdued, brought under cultivation, Refs 4th c.BC+; later transitive, cultivate, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __2.c prevail upon, κατεργάσατο καὶ ἀνέπεισε Ξέρξην, ὥστε.. Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, οὐκ ἐδύνατο κατεργασθῆναι [ἡ γυνή] could not be prevailed upon, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.d with double accusative, do something to one, καλόν τι τὴν πόλιν Refs 5th c.BC+ carry on business in the city, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II till, cultivate land, Refs 3rd c.BC+, etc.; work up for use, frequently of food, by chewing or digestion, ὀδόντας ἔχει οἷς κ. τὴν τροφήν Refs 4th c.BC+; τὸ -αζόμενον ἔχειν εὔρωστον a strong digestion, Refs; κ. τὰ ἐδέσματα Refs 5th c.BC+; by grinding (of corn), Refs 1st c.BC+; by ripening (of fruits), κατειργασμένα ἐπὶ τοῦ δένδρου Refs 2nd c.AD+; κ. μέλι make.., Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. τὴν κόπρον prepare it, Refs 4th c.BC+; λίθους Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.2 turn bullion into coin, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __III work at, practise, ἄλλην μελέτην κ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV κ. ὄρη level them, LXX+1st c.AD+
† גָּדַע vb. hew, hew down or off (NH id. (rare), Aramaic גְּדַע Ithp.; Arabic جَدَعَ cut off hand or other member, mutilate)— Qal Pf. גָּדַע La 2:3; וְגָדַעְתִּ֫י 1 S 2:31; Impf. וָאֶגְדַּע Zc 11:10, 14; Pt. pass. גְּדוּעָה Is 15:2 (so many edd. but) Baer גְּרוּעָה; cf. infr., גְּדֻעִים Is 10:33;—hew, cut in two, a staff Zc 11:10, 14; metaph. hew off, an arm 1 S 2:31; horns La 2:3; hew down, trees Is 10:33; if in Is 15:2 then = shave off (object זקן, beard), but no other indication of this meaning, and true MT גְּרוּעָה, cf. Baer’s note & Je 48:37; v. גָּרַע" dir="rtl" >גרע. Niph. Pf. נִגְדַּע Ju 21:6, נֶגְדַּע Je 50:23; 3 fs. נִגְדְּעָה Je 48:25, וְנִגְדְּעָה consec. Is 22:25; 2 ms. נִגְדַּעְתָּ Is 14:12; 3 pl. וְנִגְדְּעוּ consec. Ez 6:6 Am 3:14;—be hewn off, of altarhorns Am 3:14, of idols Ez 6:6 (‖ נשׁבר); of severance of a tribe from nation Ju 21:6; fig. of king of Babylon Is 14:12; of Babylon as hammer Je 50:23 (‖ נשׁבר); of a minister, under fig. of secure per or pin Is 22:25; of horn of Moab Je 48:25 (‖ נשׁבר). Pi. Pf. גִּדַּע 2 Ch 34:7, גִּדֵּ֑עַ 2 Ch 34:4 ψ 107:16, וַיְגַדַּע 2 Ch 14:2, אֲגַדֵּ֑ע ψ 75:11 Is 45:2, וַיְגַדְּעוּ 2 Ch 31:1; 3 mpl. תְּגַדֵּע֑וּן Dt 7:5; 12:3;—hew off, down, in two (cf. Qal) of Asherîm Dt 7:5 2 Ch 14:2; 31:1, of idols Dt 12:3 (פְּסִילִים) 2 Ch 34:4, 7 (חַמָּנִים); fig. horns of wicked ψ 75:11; bars of iron (i.e. of Babylon’s gates) Is 45:2, cf. ψ 107:16. †Pu. Pf. גֻּדָּ֑עוּ Is 9:9 be hewn down (of trees).
† I. חָפַר vb. dig, search for (Arabic حَفَرَ id.; Aramaic חֲפַר, ܚܦܰܪ, id.; NH חֵפֶר act of digging)— Qal Pf. ח׳ Jb 39:29; וְחָפַרְתָּ֫ Jb 11:18; וְחָפַרְתָּ֫ה Dt 23:14; חָפַרְתִּי Gn 21:30; חָֽפְרוּ Gn 26:18 + 2 times; חָפָ֑רוּ Gn 26:32; חֲפָרוּהָ Nu 21:18; Impf. וַיַּחְפֹּר Gn 26:18, 22; וַיַּחְפִּרֵהוּ ψ 7:16; וָאֶחְפֹּר Je 13:7; יַחְפְּדוּ Jb 39:21 (but read יַחְפֹּר so 𝔊 𝔙 𝔖 Di) Dt 1:22; וַיַּחְפְּרוּ Gn 26:19 + 2 times; וַיַּחְפְּרֻהוּ Jb 3:21; Inf. cstr. לַחְפֹּר Jos 2:2, 3 + Is 2:20 (cf. infr.); Pt. חֹפֵר Ec 10:8;— 1. dig: a. a well, c. acc. בְּאֵר Gn 21:30 (E), 26:15, 18(×2), 19, 21, 22, 32 (J), Nu 21:18 (E); cf. Ex 7:24 (E); dig (a hole, implied as obj.) Dt 23:14; a pit, with hostile purpose, as snare or trap, fig. of malicious plan, c. acc. בּוֹר ψ 7:16 (‖ כָּרָה); so c. acc. גומץ Ec 10:8, cf. ח׳ לְנַפְשִׁי [שַׁחַת] ψ 35:7; of horse, dig, i.e. paw the ground, יַחְפֹּר בָּעֵמֶק Jb 39:21 (so read, v. supr.) he paweth in the valley (cf. Arabic حَافِرٌ hoof). b. dig for something hidden, c. acc. Jb 3:21 (fig. of longing for death), Je 13:7 (no obj. expr.) 2. search, search out, explore, c. acc. הָאָרֶץ Jos 2:2, 3 (JE), Dt 1:22; of eagle, search for food, c. acc. ח׳ אֹכֶל Jb 39:29, with especially reference to keen vision (‖ מֵרָחוֹק עֵינָיו יַבִּיטוּ); so = search or look carefully about before going to rest Jb 11:18 (no obj.).—לַחְפֹּר Is 2:20 v. חֲפַרְפָּרָה" dir="rtl" >חֲפַרְפָּרָה infr.
† I. [נָקַב] vb. pierce (NH id.; SI 1.1.4 הנקבה the piercing, boring through; Aramaic נְקַב, ܢܩܰܒ id.; נֶקְבָּא hole, etc.; Sinait. n.pr.m. נקבו Eut 441, 2, נקיבו Eut 99, 2; 153, 2 (Lzb 325.326 Cook 83); Assyrian naḳbu, depth, spring of water; Arabic نَقَبَ perforate, pierce, scrutinize, etc., نَقِيبَةٌ sagacity, etc., نَقِيبٌ leader, chief (one who scrutinizes));— Qal Pf. 3 fs. sf. נְקָבָהּ 2 K 18:21; Is 36:6; 2 ms. נָקַבְתָּ Hb 3:14; Impf. יִנְקָב־ Jb 40:24, וַיִּקֹּב 2 K 12:10; sf. יִקֳּבֶ֫נּוּ Is 62:2; 2 ms. תִּקֹּב Jb 40:26; Imv. ms. נָקְבָה Gn 30:28; Pt. pass. נָקוּב Hg 1:6; pl. cstr. נְקֻבֵי Am 6:1;— 1. pierce, bore, c. acc. 2 K 18:21 = Is 36:6, Hb 3:14 (all in fig.), Jb 40:24, 26; c. acc. cogn. + ב, וְיִּקֹּב חֹר בְּדַלְתּוֹ 2 K 12:10 and he bored a hole in its lid; צְרוֹר נָקוּב Hg 1:6 a bag pierced, i.e. with a hole in it. 2. prick off, designate, wages Gn 30:28 (J), name Is 62:2 (י׳ subj.; cf. Niph.); pt. pass. noted, distinguished Am 6:1. Niph. Pf. 3 pl. in phr. נִקְּבוּ בְשֵׁמוֹת (אֲשֶׁר) who were pricked off, designated, by name Nu 1:17; 1 Ch 12:32 (v 31 van d. H), 16:41; 2 Ch 28:15; 31:19, cf. Ezr 8:20.
† [סָקַל] vb. stone, put to death by stoning, also (Pi.) free from stones (appears like denom., but noun unknown; NH סְקִילָא execution by stoning);— Qal Pf. 2 ms. sf. וּסְקַלְתּוֹ consec. Dt 13:11; 3 mpl. sf. וּסְקָלֻנִי consec. Ex 17:4; 2 mpl. וּסְקַלְתֶּם consec. Dt 22:24, etc.; Impf. 3 mpl. יִסְקְלוּ Jos 7:25, sf. יִסְקְלֻהוּ 1 K 21:13, etc.; Imv. mpl. sf. סִקְלֻהוּ 1 K 21:10; Inf. abs. סָקוֹל Ex 19:13; 21:28; cstr. sf. סָקְלוֹ 1 S 30:6;—pelt with stones, stone to death, (as penalty) c. acc. pers. vel animal., Ex 8:22; 17:4 (both JE) 1 S 30:6; 1 K 21:10, abs. Ex 19:13; 21:28 (JE); c. acc. pers. + בְּ instr. בָּאֲבָנִים Dt 13:11; 17:5; 22:21, 24; Jos 7:25; 1 K 21:13. Niph. Impf. 3 ms. יִסָּקֵל be stoned to death Ex 19:13; 21:28, 29, 32 (JE). Pi. Impf. 3 ms. יְסַקֵּל 2 S 16:6, 13, sf. יְסַקְּלֵהוּ Is 5:2; Imv. mpl. סַקְּלוּ Is 62:10;— 1. stone, pelt with stones, c. acc. pers. + בָּאֲבָנִים 2 S 16:6, acc. om. v 13 (‖ עִפַּר בֶּעָפָר). 2. free vineyard (acc.) from stones (Ges§ 52 h) Is 5:2; so also 2 S 4:6, reading pt. f. מְסַקְּלָה חִטִּים lo, the portress was cleansing wheat from stones (for MT לֹקְחֵי ח׳), so We Dr Bu Kit Löhr HPS after 𝔊; (> reading however mostly סֹלְקָה, Qal Pt.); סַקְּלוּ מֵאֶבֶן Is 62:10 free (highway) from stones. Pu. Pf. סֻקַּל be stoned to death 1 K 21:14, 15.—Not in HP; these and other writings (except above) use syn. רגם, cf. BrHex. 73
† II. עַ֫יִן n.f. spring (of water) (connexion with i. ע׳ dub.; NH id., Ph. ען; Assyrian ênu, înu; Arabic عَيْنٌ; Ethiopic ዐይን; Palm. עינא, 𝔗 עֵינָא, עַיְינָא; Syriac ܥܰܝܢܳܐ );—abs. ע׳ 1 S 29:1 +, עָ֑יִן Gn 49:22 +, הָעַ֫יְנָה 24:16, 45; cstr. עֵין v 13 +; pl. עֲיָנֹת Dt 8:7, -וֹת 2 Ch 32:3; cstr. עֵינוֹת Ex 15:27 = Nu 33:9, עִינוֹת Pr 8:28 (Ges§93 v);—spring Gn 16:7; 24:16, 29, 30, 42, 45 (all J) 49:22 (poem in J), 1 S 29:1; עֵין הַמַּיִם Gn 16:7; 24:13, 43 (J), cf. Ex 15:27 (J) Nu 33:9 (P); נַחֲלֵי מַיִם ע׳ וּתְהֹמֹת Dt 8:7; מֵימֵי הָעֲיָנוֹת 2 Ch 32:3; ע׳ תְּהוֹם Pr 8:28 (i.e. of the sea); fig. עֵין יַעֲקֹב Dt 33:28 (poem), i.e. Jacob’s descendants. Particular springs are: a. חֲרֹד" dir="rtl" >ע׳ חֲרֹד Ju 7:1 (on loc. cf. GFM). b. ע׳ הַקּוֹרֵא (partridge-spring) Ju 15:19 (cf. id.). c. ע׳ רֹגֵל near Jerus. (early sanctuary RSSem i. 157, 2nd ed. 172) 2 S 17:17 cf. 1 K 1:9, on border of Judah Jos 15:7, and Benj. 18:16. d. תַּנִּין" dir="rtl" >ע׳ הַתַּנִּין (dragonspring) Ne 2:13 (= c.? so RSl.c.).—On שַׁעַר הָעַיִן Ne 2:14; 3:15; 12:37 v. שַׁ֫עַר²" dir="rtl" >שַׁעַר.
I. צָרַר vb. bind, tie up, be restricted, narrow, scant, cramped (NH id.; Arabic صَرَّ bind, tie up; so Aramaic צְרַר, ܨܰܪ );— A. trans.: Qal Pf. 3 ms. צָרַר Ho 4:19; Pr 30:4; Imv. צוֹר Is 8:16; Inf. cstr. צְרוֹר Pr 26:8 (?); Pt. act. צֹרֵר Jb 26:8; pass. צָרוּר Ho 13:12, f. צְרוּרָה 1 S 25:29; fpl. צְרֻרֹת Ex 12:34; 2 S 20:3;—bind or tie up, of kneading-troughs Ex 12:34 (E); fig. of a life preserved by י׳, נֶפֶשׁ צְרוּרָה בִּצְרוֹר הַחַיִּים 1 S 25:29; of preserving prophetic teaching Is 8:16; of retention of guilt Ho 13:12; of י׳’s binding waters in (a garment of) cloud Pr 30:4 Jb 26:8; = shut up 2 S 20:3;—צָרַר רוּחַ אֹתָהּ בִּכְנָפֶיהָ Ho 4:19 (si vera l.) pregn., the wind hath wrapped her up in its wings, to carry her off; כִּצְרוֹר אֶבֶן Pr 26:8 like the tying up of a stone, but unintellig. in context (v. Toy). Pu. Pt. pl. מְצֹרָרִים Jos 9:4 tied up (mended by tying), of old wine-skins. B. intrans.: Qal Pf. 3 fs. צָ֫רָה Is 28:20; Impf. 3 ms. יֵצַר Pr 4:12, יֵ֫צֶר לוֹ Jb 20:22, וַיֵּ֫צֶר Gn 32:8 +, 2 fs. תֵּצְרִי Is 49:19;—be scant, cramped; of scanty bed-covering Is 28:20 (in fig.); of land too small for (מִן) its people Is 49:19 + Jos 19:47 (for וַיֵּצֵא) DrExpos. Jan. 1887, 59 Benn, cf. 𝔊; of steps = be cramped, or impeded, Pr 4:12; Jb 18:7 (both in fig.); especially impers. c. ל pers., וַיֵּצֶר לוֹ Gn 32:8 and it was narrow for him = he was in straits, distress, so Ju 2:15; 2 S 13:2; Jb 20:22, also 3 fs. וַתֵּ֫צֶר לְ Ju 10:9; 1 S 30:6 (v. Dr).* Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. וְהֵצַר Dt 28:52, 52 consec.; 1 s. וַהֲצֵרֹתִי Je 10:18; Zp 1:17; Impf. 3 ms. יָצַר־לוֹ 1 K 8:37 = 2 Ch 6:28, וַיָּ֫צַר 2 Ch 28:20; 3 mpl. וַיָּצֵרוּ Ne 9:27; Inf. cstr. הָצֵר 2 Ch 28:22; 33:12;—make narrow for, press hard upon, cause distress to, c. ל pers., Je 10:18 (subj. י׳), Zp 1:17 (subj. id.); Dt 28:52(×2); 1 K 8:37 = 2 Ch 6:28; Ne 9:27 (all subj. foe), 2 Ch 28:20 (subj. TP); Indef. subj. 2 Ch 28:22 (but read כִּי אִם לִצָרָה לוֹ, and join to v 21, opp. לְעֶזְרָה לוֹ, 𝔊 Kit BuhlLex), 33:12.
ἐνεργ-έω, to be in action or activity, operate, Refs 4th c.BC+; especially of divine or supernatural action, frequently in NT., τινί, ἔν τινι, NT:—middle, NT __2 to be efficacious, of drugs, Refs 1st c.AD+; to be effective, of troops, ταῖς σαρίσαις Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, to be the object of action, Refs 4th c.BC+; also, to be actualized, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II transitive, effect, execute, πάντα κατὰ δύναμιν Refs 2nd c.BC+:—passive, to be actively carried on, ὁ πόλεμος ἐνηργεῖτο Refs 2nd c.BC+things executed, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __III in Medicine texts, of sexual intercourse, τὴν τοιαύτην πρᾶξιν -οῦσι μετρίως Refs in opere esse, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __IV operate, in surgery, Refs 4th c.AD+; ὁ ἐνεργῶν, ὁ ἐνεργούμενος, the surgeon, the patient, Refs 2nd c.AD+
† חָלִילָה subst. c. ה loc., used as exclam. lit. ad profanum! i.e. far be it (for me, thee, etc.)! (v. BaNB 136)—ח׳ Gn 44:7 + 17 times, חָלִלָה Gn 18:25 + 2 times—alone, 1 S 14:45; 20:2; elsewhere c. לְ pers.: Gn 18:25b (J), 1 S 2:30; 20:9; 22:15; + מִן and inf. of act deprecated Gn 18:25a; 44:7, 17 (all J), Jos 24:16 (E), 1 S 12:23 2 S 23:17; + מִמֶּנּוּ ל (peculiarly) Jos 22:29 (P; = from it, even to rebel); + אִם (= surely not) 2 S 20:20 (ח׳ ח׳), Jb 27:5; strengthened idiom. by מיהוה, ח׳לִי מִיּ׳ sq. מִן and inf. 1 S 26:11 1 K 21:3 + 2 S 23:17 (read מיהוה, 𝔊L 𝔖 𝔗) = 1 Ch 11:19 (מאלהי) sq. אִם 1 S 24:7; ח׳ לָאֵל מֵרֶשַׁע Jb 34:10.
† [יָשֵׁן] vb. sleep (NH id.; Aramaic n. ܫܶܢܬܳܐ sleep; Arabic وَسِنَ be sleepy, وَسَنٌ, سِنَةٌ sleep; Assyrian šittu, sleep, DlHWB 246, šunatu, šuttu, dream, Id ib, Flood iv. 22 AsrbAnnals, v R. 2, 97)— Qal Pf. יָשַׁנְתִּי Jb 3:13; וְיָֽשְׁנוּ consec. Je 51:39 + 2 times; Impf. יִישָׁ֑ן Is 5:27 ψ 121:4; וַיִּישַׁן 1 K 19:5, etc.; Inf. cstr. לִישׁוֹן Ec 5:11;—sleep, go to sleep, and be asleep, Gn 2:21 (J), 41:5 (E), Ez 34:25; Jb 3:13 ψ 3:6; 4:9; Pr 4:16; Ec 5:11, also 2 S 4:6 𝔊 We Dr Kit Bu, vid. חֹ֫מֶשׁ²" dir="rtl" >חֹמֶשׁ; c. לֹא, of Assyrian army Is 5:27 (‖ נוּם); of Baal 1 K 19:5; of י׳, עוּרָה לָמָּה תִישַׁן אֲדֹנָי ψ 44:24; לֹא יִישָׁ֑ן 121:4 (‖ נוּם); c. acc. cogn. ישׁ׳ שְׁנַת עוֹלָם Je 51:39, 57 (v. שֵׁנָה), of death, cf. אִישַׁן הַמָּוֶת ψ 13:4. Niph . only in deriv. sense of become inactive or stationary; Pf. וְנוֹשַׁנְתֶּם consec. Dt 4:25 and ye be grown old בָּאָרֶץ, i.e. (v. Di Dr) have lost freshness of first impressions; of inanimate things, be old, stale, only Pt. יָשָׁן נוֹשָׁן Lv 26:10 (H), f. צרעת נוֹשֶׁנֶת Lv 13:11 = old leprosy (P); these poss. denom. from יָשָׁן. Pi . causat. Impf. וַתְּיַשְּׁנֵהוּ Ju 16:19 and she made him sleep.
† [נָתַךְ] vb. pour forth (intrans.), be poured out (NH id., Niph. flow, Hiph. melt (trans.); Assyrian natâku, flow DlHWB 487 Jäger BAS ii. 292; 𝔗 Aph. pour out, especially melt; Zinj. ליתכה (Haph.) Nö ZMG xlvii (1893), 98 Cook 83; Syriac ܢܬܰܟ (rare) PS 2480);— Qal Impf. 3 fs. תִּתַּךְ Je 42:18 + 3 times, וַתִּתַּךְ Je 44:6 Dn 9:11; 3 mpl. וַיִּתְּכוּ Jb 3:24;—pour forth, always fig., וַיִּתּ׳ כַמַּיִם שַׁאֲגֹתָ֑י Jb 3:24 and my groans have poured forth like water; usually of divine wrath (חֵמָה) Je 42:18 (c. עַל־ pers.), 44:6 (abs.), 2 Ch 12:7; 34:25 (both c. בְּ loc. against); cf. also Dn 9:11 v 27 (both c. עַל־ pers.). Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִתַּךְ Ex 9:33 + 2 times; 3 fs. נִתְּכָה Na 1:6 2 Ch 34:21, וְנִתְּכָה consec. Ez 24:11; 2 mpl. וְנִתַּכְתֶּם Ez 22:21; Pt. f. נִתֶּ֫כֶת Je 7:20;—be poured, of rain, אָ֑רְצָה Ex 9:33 (J), cf. נ׳ מַיִם עֲלֵיהֶם 2 S 21:10; be poured out, of wrath of י׳ Na 1:6 (abs.), Je 7:20 (c. אֶל־ loc.), 42:18 (c. עַל־ pers.), 2 Ch 34:21 (c. בְּ pers.); be poured forth i.e. melted, annihilated in the midst of (בְּתוֹךְ) the fire of י׳’s fury Ez 22:21 (subj. persons), so 24:11 (subj. impurity, fig. of caldron). Hiph. Pf. 3 mpl. הִתִּיכוּ עֲבָדֶיךָ אֶת־הַכֶּסֶף 2 K 22:9 thy servants have poured out the money (‖ 2 Ch 34:12 infr.); 1 s. וְהִתַּכְתִּ֫י אֶתְכֶם consec. Ez 22:20 and I will melt you (fig. of judgment); Inf. cstr. לְהַנְתִּיךְ Ez 22:20 in order to melt it (i.e. metal in furnace; Co after 𝔊 𝔖 reads לְהִנָּתֵךְ Niph. Inf., so Berthol, cf. Toy); Impf. 3 mpl. וַיַּתִּיכוּ 2 Ch 34:17 (‖ 2 K 22:9 supr.); הֲלֹא כֶחָלָב תַּתִּיכֵנִי Jb 10:10 dost (= didst) thou not pour me out like milk? (of beginnings of life). Hoph. Impf. 2 mpl. כֵּן תֻּתְּכוּ Ez 22:22 so shall ye be melted (fig. of judgment).
† [תָּמַךְ] vb. grasp, support, attain (Aramaic תְּמַךְ Pa. hold fast; cf. Ph. and OAramaic תמבאל Ēl hath sustained Lzb386 SAC121 Cooke361);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. תָּֽמְכָה ψ 63:9, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִתְמֹךְ Pr 29:23, 3 mpl. יִתְמֹ֑כוּ Jb 36:17; Pr 5:5, etc.; Inf. abs. תָּמֹךְ ψ 17:5; cstr. תְּמֹךְ Is 33:15; Pt. תּוֹמֵךְ Am 1:5, 8, תּוֹמִיךְ ψ 16:5 (? read -מֵיךְ Ges§ 50 e, or תֹּמֵךְ, cf. Vrss Du; > Ol תּוֹסִיף, Bi Che תָּמִיד), etc.;— 1. grasp, lay hold of, c. acc. rei Gn 48:17 (E), Pr 31:19 (‖ שׁלּח יד בְּ); acc. pers. (wisdom) Pr 3:18 (‖ מַחֲזִיק); acc. rei (grasp and) wield Am 1:5, 8; ψ 16:5 (v. supr.) thou dost grasp my lot (i.e. take and cast it for me, cf. mod. Pal. بجَرَلي الله يَقُوم may Allah uphold my lot, BergheimPEF 1894, 194); fig., Jb 36:17 judgment and justice seize (thee; but v. obscure and doubtful); Pr 5:5 her steps lay hold of Sheʾôl (keep the path to it); lit. c. ב rei Is 33:15, ב pers. Pr 28:17 (or sub 3; meaning dub.); lay hold of, attain, honour, wealth (acc.) Pr 11:16(×2). 2. hold up, support, c. בְּיָדָיו Ex 17:12 (E); fig., ב pers. Is 42:1 ψ 41:13; 63:9; acc. pers. Is 41:10 (ב instr.), Pr 29:23 (opp. הִשְׁפִּיל). 3. hold, keep, c. acc. rei Pr 4:4 let thy heart keep my words (‖ שָׁמַר); hold firmly ψ 17:5 (ב loc.; opp. נָמ֫וֹטוּ). Niph. Impf. וּבְחַבְלֵי חַטָאתוֹ יִתָּמֵ֑ךְ Pr 5:22 in the cords of his sin is he seized (‖ לָכַד).
ἐπιλαμβάνω, take or get besides, ἐπὶ τοῖς πεντήκοντα ταλάντοις ἑκατόν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1259a28: with genitive partitive, ἐ. τοῦ χρόνου take a little more time, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2. simply, take, receive, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II. lay hold of, seize, attack, as a disease, Refs 5th c.BC+; of an enemy, Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, ἐπείληπται νόσῳ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 732; τὴν αἴσθησιν ἐπιληφθείς becoming unconscious, Refs 1st c.AD+; ἐπελήφθη had an epileptic fit, Refs __II.b. of events, overtake, surprise, μὴ.. χειμὼν τὴν φυλακὴν ἐπιλάβοι Refs 5th c.BC+, with accusative et infinitive, it befalls one that.. , Refs __II.2. attain to, come within reach of, reach, Refs; ἔτη ὀκτὼ ἐ. πολέμου live over eight years, Refs 1st c.AD+ arrive at, of the foetus, Refs; ὥστε καὶ τοῦ χειμῶνος ἐ. Refs __II.3. seize, stop, especially by pressure, τὴν ῥῖνα 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 703; ἐ. τὸ κλύσμα τῆς ὀπίσω ὁδοῦ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.87; ἐ. τὸ ὕδωρ stop the water-clock in court, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.4. occupy space, μηδὲν τῶν τῆς πόλεως.. οἰκοδομήμασι ἐ. Refs; πλείω τόπον 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Caelo” 305b19; πλατύτερον τόπον 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Cat.Ma.” 5: metaphorically, πολὺν χῶρον ἐ. get over much ground, traverse it rapidly, Refs __II.5. with genitive, undertake, τῆς κινήσεως, τῆς νήξεως, Refs __II.6. with dative, assist, Refs (nisi to be read <συν>επιλ.). __II.7. intransitive, succeed, follow, Refs __II.8. of food or drink, take extra, οἰνάριον 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Cat.Ma.” 1; take after other food, Refs __III. middle (with perfect ἐπείλημμαι Refs, hold oneself on by, lay hold of, with genitive, τῶν νεῶν Refs 5th c.BC+; τῶν ἐπισπαστήρωνRefs 5th c.BC+; ὅτου ἐπιλάβοιτο τὰ δρέπανα whomsoever the scythes caught, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῶν τριχῶν by the hair, Refs; μὴ 'πιλαμβάνου hold me not! Refs __III.2. attack. τινός Refs; of things, τῆς θερμασίας πόρων -ομένης Epieur.Refs; of diseases, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III.3. make a seizure of, arrest, τῶν παίδων 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 33.9; seize goods in default of payment, Refs __III.3.b. lay hands on in assertion of a claim, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __III.4. lay hold of, get, obtain, προστάτεω a chief, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξουσίας, γαλήνης, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐ. λογισμῷ, Latin ratione assequi, Refs __III.5. of Place, reach, δασέος 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 629b15; τῶν ὀρῶν 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Antonius” 41: metaphorically, of a state or condition, ἐρημίας ἐπειλημμένοι having found an empty field, i.e. an absence of all competitors, Refs __III.6. attempt, πράξεων μεγάλων 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Marius” 7. __III.6.b. with infinitive, undertake, γεωργεῖν Refs __III.7. touch on, τινός 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 449d. __III.8. take up, interrupt in speaking, Refs; object to, τοῦ ψηφίσματος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.1.32; ἐ. ὅτι.. object that.., Refs __III.9. rarely with accusative, seize, τὰς Ἀθήνας (to be read λήψονται) Refs
κτίσ-ις [ῐ], εως, ἡ, (κτίζω) founding, settling, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 loosely, ={πρᾶξις}, κούφα κ. an easy achievement, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 creation, κ. κόσμου NT __II created thing, creature, LXX+NT __III authority created or ordained, NT
† [רִיק] vb. Hiph. make empty, empty out (Arabic رَاقَ (ى) pour out, forth, intrans. (of water, blood, etc.); Aramaic רִיק empty, pour, ܪܳܩ in deriv.; Assyrian rêḳu, empty);—Pf. 1 s. הֲרִיקֹ֫תִי Lv 26:33 Mal 3:10; 3 pl. הֵרִיקוּ Ez 28:7; 30:11; Impf. 3 ms. יָרִיק Hb 1:17, וַיָּ֫רֶק Gn 14:14 (but v. infr.); Imv. ms. הָרֵק ψ 35:3; Inf. cstr. הָרִיק Is 32:6; Pt. pl. מְרִיקִים Gn 42:35 Zc 4:12;— 1. empty vessels Gn 42:35 (E) Je 48:12; keep empty, לְהָרִיק נֶפֶשׁ רָעֵב Is 32:6 (i.e. keep hungry). 2. pour out or down, rain Mal 3:10 Ec 11:3, oil Zc 4:12. 3. empty out (i.e. draw) sword (cf. Assyrian kakkê ittabbaku [pass.], DlHWB 699 b) Ex 15:9 (poem), Lv 26:33 (H), Ez 5:2, 12; 12:14; 28:7; 30:11; prob. also Hb 1:17 (חרבו for חרמוֹ Gie We Now); of lance ψ 35:3; cf. (si vera l.) וירק חניכיו Gn 14:14 (R) led forth, וַיָּ֫דֶק (Aramaic דּוּק Aph. look) i.e. mustered 𝔊 cf. Di al., ויפקד Ball.—In ψ 18:43 𝔊 𝔖 Hup-Now Bae read אֲדִקֵּם; so ‖ 2 S 22:43 MT; but De Dr אֲרִיקֵם (v. דקק). Hoph. be emptied out from vessel: Pf. 3 ms. הוּרַק Je 48:11; Impf. 2 ms. תּוּרַק Ct 1:3 (al. 3 fs.; of ointment, in sim.); cf. also Am 6:6, where Oort מוּרְקֵי for מִזְרְקֵי.
† רָמַס vb. trample (NH id.; J.Aram רְמַס; cf. perhaps Syriac ܪܦܰܣ, Arabic رَفَسَ kick (BaES 33 Köii. 196); رَمَسَ is bury, and conceal grave);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְר׳ Mi 5:7; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְמֹם Ez 26:11 ψ 7:6, יִרְמָס־ Is 41:25, sf. וַיִּרְמְסֶנָּה 2 K 9:33, etc.; Imv. fs. רִמְסִי Na 3:14; Inf. cstr. רְמֹס Is 1:12; Pt. רֹמֵס Is 16:4;—trample, of men, c. acc. חֲצֵרָ֑י Is 1:12, חוּצוֹת Ez 26:11 (by horses’ hoofs), טִיט Is 41:25 (in sim.), cf. ר׳ בַחֹמֶר Na 3:14, acc. מִרְעֶה Ez 34:18 (in fig.); trample down, acc. pers., anim., vel rei, 2 K 7:17, 20, so (by horses’ hoofs) 9:33, יִר׳ לָאָרֶץ חַיָּי֑ ψ 7:6; 91:13 (‖ תִּדְרֹךְ); subj. י׳ Is 63:3 (fig.; + דָּֽרַךְ), subj. רֶגֶל Is 26:6; subj. beast 2 K 14:9 (allegory) = 2 Ch 25:18; Dn 8:7 (vision), of horn, v 10; abs. of lion, וְר׳ וְטָרַף Mi 5:7 (sim.); pt. as subst. coll. tramplers (i.e. devastators) Is 16:4. Niph. be trampled, Impf. 3 fpl. בְּרַגְלַיִם תֵּרָמַ֑סְנָה Is 28:3 (on subj. cf. Di Du CheHpt Köi. 183).
† [רָצַץ] vb. crush (NH = BH; Arabic رَضَّ bruise, bray, crush; Aramaic רְעַע, ܪܰܥ crush, shatter);— Qal Pf. 2 ms. sf. רַצּוֹתָנוּ 1 S 12:4; 1 s. רַצּוֹתִי v 3; Impf. 3 ms. יָרוּץ (Ges§ 67 q) Is 42:4 (Cod. Bab. יֵרוֹץ, Niph., so SS here and Ec 12:6 a), 3 fs. תָּרוּץ Ec 12: 6 a, 1 s. אָרֻץ ψ 18:30 = אָרוּץ 2 S 22:30 (v. רוּץ); Pt. act. fpl. רֹצְצוֹת Am 4:1; pass. רָצוּץ Is 42:3 +, cstr. רְצוּץ Ho 5:11; pl. רְצוּצִים Is 58:6;—crush: 1. lit., a. pt. pass. in (הַ)קָּנֶה (הַ)רָצוּץ 2 K 18:21; = Is 36:6, Is 42:3 (all metaph. of weak pers.). b. impf. intrans.get crushed (read תֵּרוֹץ?), of bowl Ec 12:6 a (in metaph.). 2. fig. crush, oppress, acc. pers. 1 S 12:3, 4; Am 4:1; pt. pass. Dt 28:33, as subst. the oppressed Is 58:6; רְצוּץ מִשְׁפָּט Ho 5:11 (We Now רֹצֵץ, i.e. suppressing judgment, but dub.); intrans. get crushed (read יֵרוֹץ?), of servant of י׳, under fig. of wick, Is 42:4 (+ יִכְהֶה) he shall not grow dim or be crushed out. Niph. be crushed, broken: Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְנָרֹץ (Ges§ 67 t) Ec 12:6 b (of wheel at cistern); Impf. 2 ms. תֵּרוֹץ Ez 29:7 (of Pharaoh as reed, cf. Qal 1 a); Jb 20:10 read perhaps יֵרֹצּוּ (for יְרַצּוּ, v. רצה Pi.), are crushed (as) poor men, Bu, cf. Hoffm SS Gerber.—Is 42:4 Ec 12:6 a v. Qal. Pi. crush in pieces: 1. lit. (in metaph.) Pf. 2 ms. רִצַּצְתָּ ψ 74:14 c. acc. rei 2. fig. = grievously oppress, 3 ms. רִצַּץ Jb 20:19; Impf. 3 ms. וַיְרַצֵּץ מִן הָעָם 2 Ch 16:10. Pōʿēl Impf. 3 mpl. וַיְרֹצְצוּ Ju 10:8, acc. pers. (= Pi. 2; ‖ רעץ; רצץ here perhaps doublet, so GFMHpt, cf. Bu Now). Hiph. Impf. 3 fs. וַתָּ֫רִץ (Köi. 352; BaZMG xliii (1889), 181 thinks Qal) Ju 9:53 she crushed his skull. Hithpōʿ. recipr., Impf. 3 mpl. וַיִּתְרֹצֲצוּ הַבָּנִים בְּקִרְבָּהּ (ץְ Gi) Gn 25:22 (J) the children crushed one another within her.
ἐπιβάλλω: __I. transitive, throw or cast upon, θριξὶ.., ἃς ἐπέβαλλον (i.e. πυρί) Refs 8th c.BC+ (Lyric poetry); ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+ throwing on more and more, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2. lay on, [ἡμιόνοις] ἐπέβαλλεν Refs 8th c.BC+; Ζεὺς ἐπὶ χεῖρα Refs 5th c.BC+ (but τῷ καρπῷ τοῦ νοσοῦντος τὴν χεῖρα, of feeling the pulse, NT+2nd c.BC+; impose as a tax tribute, LXX+5th c.BC+ (passive); inflict, θνατοῖς ἐ. ἀνάλγητα, λύπην, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.3. ἐ. σφρηγῖδα, δακτύλιον, affix a seal, Refs 6th c.BC+; σύμβολόν τινι Refs __I.4. add, contribute, μικρὸν [ἀληθεία] Refs 4th c.BC+; νέον [φῶς] Refs 5th c.BC+, throw in, mention, τι uncertain in Refs 5th c.BC+, bid higher, Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.5. place next in order, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __I.6. let grow, Refs 3rd c.BC+; βλαστούς Refs __I.7. let loose, Refs 1st c.BC+ __I.8. causal of Refs 5th c.BC+ __II. throw oneself upon, go straight towards, with accusative, Refs 8th c.BC+: later with dative loci, Refs 3rd c.BC+; εἰς Ιταλίαν, ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.2. fall upon, ὅπου ἂν ὁ ἥλιος ἐ. Refs 4th c.BC+; especially in hostile sense, set upon, c.dative, Refs 1st c.BC+: absolutely, Refs 1st c.AD+ jostling, trampling, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3. (i.e. τὸν νοῦν) set to a thing, devote oneself to it, with dative, Refs 1st c.BC+ (in full τὴν διάνοιαν ἐ. πρός τι Refs 1st c.BC+: generally, give one's attention to, think on, NT.Mark.14.72. __II.3.b. apprehend, Refs 4th c.BC+; attain by intuition, c.dative, Refs 5th c.AD+ __II.4. fall in one's way, ὅταν ἐπιβάλλῃ περὶ τῆς τοιαύτης Refs 4th c.BC+. __II.5. follow, come next, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐφ᾽ ὃν ἐπιβαλὼν ἔφη said thereupon, Refs 2nd c.BC+; interrupt, Refs 3rd c.BC+. __II.6. belong to, fall to the share of, μόριον Refs 5th c.BC+; ἑκάστῳ τῆς εὐδαιμονίας ἐπιβάλλει τοσοῦτον ὅσονπερ ἀρετῆς Refs the portion that falls to one, NT+5th c.BC+, etc.; fall due, of payments, Refs 2nd c.BC+ which was payable by him, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.6.b. participle ἐπιβάλλων, in Law, next-of-kin, ὁ ἐ., οἱ ἐ., Refs __II.7. impersonal with accusative et infinitive, τοὺς Δελφοὺς δὴ ἐπέβαλλε.. παρασχεῖν it concerned them to provide, Refs 5th c.BC+ et infinitive, Refs 3rd c.BC+; κοινῇ πᾶσιν Refs 2nd c.BC+: frequently in participle, ἐπιβάλλουσαν ἡγεῖσθαι τὴν στρατείαν τινί incumbent upon.., Refs 4th c.BC+; τὸ τῇ φύσει ἐ. Refs; appropriate, ὑποδοχαί TelesRefs 4th c.AD+ a specific form which ought to be present, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II.8. shut to, close, of the larynx, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.9. in Logic, λόγοι ἐπιβάλλοντες, -όμενοι, overlapping and overlapped, of syllogisms in a sorites, Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, Refs __II.10. in Alchemy, make a `projection' (compare ἐπιβολή), Syn.Alch.p.68B. __III. middle, mostly like the intransitive usages, but also: __III.1. with genitive, throw oneself upon, desire eagerly, Refs 8th c.BC+. __III.2. with accusative, put upon oneself, ἐπιβαλλομέναν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπιβάλλεσθαι put on more wraps, Refs 4th c.BC+: metaphorically, take possession of, Refs 8th c.BC+; αὐθαίρετον δουλείαν ἐπιβαλεῖται will take upon himself, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2.b. of trees, make fresh growth, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III.3. c.accusative, also, attempt, undertake, Refs 6th c.BC+: c.infinitive, Decrees cited in Refs 4th c.BC+ though many have made the attempt, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __III.4. with dative, put one's hand to, Refs 3rd c.BC+, apply or devote oneself to, Refs 2nd c.BC+, etc. __III.5. arrive at, [πολίεσσι] Refs 1st c.BC+. __III.6. ἐπὶ πᾶσι -εβάλοντο brought up the rear, Refs __IV. in passive, lie upon, be put upon, ἐπιβεβλημένοι τοξόται archers with their arrows on the string, Refs 5th c.BC+ having a rough cloak on, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ ἐν ψύχει κεῖσθαι -ημένον Refs 5th c.BC+. __IV.2. to be set over, Refs 2nd c.AD+. __IV.3. Rhet., ornate (see. ἐπιβολή), ἰδέα λόγων οὔτ᾽ ἐπιβεβλημένη Refs.
κόπ-ος, ὁ, (κόπτω) striking, beating, ὀξύχειρι σὺν κόπῳ (Pauw for κτύπῳ) Refs 4th c.BC+; στέρνων κόπους (Seidler for κτύπους) Refs 5th c.BC+; ={κοπανισμός}, Refs 5th c.AD+ __II toil and trouble, suffering, Refs 5th c.BC+; pain of a disease, Refs 5th c.BC+; κόπους παρέχειν τινί to give trouble, NT+2nd c.BC+; κόπον ἔχειν Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.2 fatigue, Refs 5th c.BC+; κόπου ὕπο from very weariness, Refs 5th c.BC+; κόπῳ δαμέντες, ἁλίσκεσθαι, NT+5th c.BC+; περὶ κόπων title of work by Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3 work, exertion, καμάραν ἀφ᾽ ἱδίων κόπων ἐποίησεν Refs 1st c.AD+; κόπῳ κόπον λύειν proverbial in Refs 4th c.AD+
† [בָּרַר] vb. purify, select (cf. Assyrian barâru, be shining, in deriv. ZimBP 46, 73 Belser BAS ii. 154; Arabic بِرٌّ pious, kind, true; بَرَّ he was pious, good, virtuous, honest)— Qal Pf. בָּרוֹתִי Ez 20:38; Inf. sf. לְבָרָם Ec 3:18, Ges§ 67 p; cf. לָבוּר 9:1 (si vera l.) as metaplastic form, but on text vid. בּוּר" dir="rtl" >בּוּר supra p. 101; Pt. pass. m. בָּרוּר Jb 33:3 + 4 times; f. בְּרוּרָה Ne 5:18 Zp 3:9;— 1. purge out, purify: וּבָרוֹתִי מִכֶּם הַמֹּרְדִים and I will purge out from among you the rebels Ez 20:38; שָׂפָה בְרוּרָה a purified lip Zp 3:9; בָּרוּר מִלֵּל֑וּ utter in a pure, sincere manner Jb 33:3. 2. choose, select, only Pt. and in Chronicler: chosen, valiant men 1 Ch 7:40; porters 1 Ch 9:22; musicians 1 Ch 16:41; sheep Ne 5:18. 3. cleanse, make shining, polish, pt. pass. חֵץ בָּרוּר polished arrow Is 49:2 (cf. De & Je 51:11 infr.) 4. test, prove Ec 3:18 לְבָרָם הָאֱלֹהִים that God may prove them (RV);—on 9:1 v. בּוּר" dir="rtl" >בּוּר. Niph. הִבָּרוּ Is 52:11; Pt. נָבָר 2 S 22:27 (= ψ 18:27);—purify oneself: a. ceremonially, the bearers of the sacred vessels Is 52:11. b. morally 2 S 22:27 = ψ 18:27. Pi. Inf. לְבָרֵר Dn 11:35 purify (‖ לִצְרוֹף, לַלְבֵּן). Hiph. 1. Inf. לְהָבַר Je 4:11 purify, cleanse. 2. Imv. הָבֵרוּ הַחִצִּים Je 51:11 polish arrows (vid. 3 above). Hithp. 1. Impf. יִתְבָּרֲרוּ Dn 12:10 purify oneself. 2. תִּתְכָּרַר ψ 18:27 = תִּתָּבָר 2 S 22:27 shew oneself pure, just, kind.
† II. [גָּלַל] vb. roll, roll away (NH id., & deriv.; Aramaic Pa. גַּלֵּל, Palp. גַּלְגֵּיל roll, Ithpalp. reflex., & deriv.; cf. ܓܰܠ Ethiopic, Ethpalp. (v. PS). ܓܺܓܰܠ rota, ܓܰܠܠܴܐ fluctus, etc.)— Qal Pf. 1 s. גַּלּוֹתִי Jos 5:9, וְגָֽלֲלוּ consec. Gn 29:3, 8; Imv. גֹּל ψ 22:9 (MT De; but 𝔊 Bi Che read גַּל 3 ms. pf., so AV RVm) Pr 16:3, גּוֹל ψ 37:5, גַּל 119:22 (but read גֹּל Ew Hi Ri Gr Che), גֹּלּוּ Jos 10:18 1 S 14:33; Pt. גֹּלֵל Pr 26:27;—roll a stone Pr 26:27; roll away stone from upon (מֵעַל) the mouth of a well Gn 29:3, 8; roll stones unto (אֶל) the mouth of a cave Jos 10:18; stone unto (אֶל) Saul, at which to slay beasts 1 S 14:33; fig. reproach from upon (מֵעַל) the people Jos 5:9 (subj. י׳), cf. ψ 119:22 (sq. מֵעַל); but also גּוֹל עַל־י׳ דַּרְכֶּ֑ךָ ψ 37:5, cf. 22:9 Pr 16:3 (both sq. אֶל־). Niph. Pf. וְנָגֹלּוּ consec. Is 34:4; Impf. וְיִגַּל (juss.) Am 5:24;—roll, roll up or along (intrans.). וְנָגֹלּוּ כַסֵּפֶר הַשָּׁמַיִם Is 34:4 and the heavens shall roll up like a book; יִגַּל כַּמַּיִם מִשְׁפָּט Am 5:24 let judgment roll along (flow down) as the waters. Pilp. Pf. וְגִלְגַּלְתִּיךָ consec. Je 51:25 and I will roll thee down from (מִן) the rocks (subj. י׳; obj. Babylon under fig. of mt.) Pōʿal. Pt. שִׂמְלָה מְגוֹלָלָה בְדָמִים Is 9:4 garment rolled (dabbled, rolled over and over) in blood. Hithpo. Inf. לְהִתְגֹּלֵל Gn 43:18; Pt. מִתְגֹּלֵל 2 S 20:12; roll oneself over and over, וַעֲמָשָׂא מִתְג׳ בַּדָּם 2 S 20:12 now Amasa was wallowing in his blood; fig. Gn 43:18 לְהִתְג׳ עָלֵינוּ to roll himself upon us, i.e. assail us with overwhelming force (‖ וּלְהִתְנַפֵּל עָלֵינוּ). Hithpalp. Pf. הִתְגַּלְגָּ֑לוּ Jb 30:14 (abs.; ‖ כְּפֶרֶץ רָחָב יֶאֱתָ֑יוּ) cf. Hithpo. Gn 43:18. Hiph. Impf. וַיָּ֫גֶל Gn 29:10;—roll away stone from upon (מֵעַל) mouth of well; as Qal (which it really is, Impf. in i, according to BaZMG 1888, 178).
† [דָּכָא] vb. crush, poet. (Assyrian dakû, crush, Muss-ArnoltHbr Oct. 1890, 66) not in Qal ;— Niph. Pt. נִדְכָּאִים Is 57:15;—crushed, fig. = contrite ones. Pi. Pf. דִּכָּא ψ 143:3; 2 ms. דִּבִּאתָ ψ 89:11; Impf. וִידַכֵּא ψ 72:4; 2 ms. תְּדַכֵּא Pr 22:22 (juss.); יְדַכְּאוּ ψ 94:5, תְּדַכְּאוּ Is 3:15; sf. וִידַכְּאֵנִי Jb 6:9, יְדַכְּאוּם Jb 4:19; 2 mpl. וּתְדַכּאוּנַּנִי Jb 19:2 (so Baer, v. his ed. p. 44, cf. Norzi); Inf. לְדַכֵּא La 3:34; sf. דַּכְּאוֹ Is 53:10;—crush, (fig.) c. acc. one’s life to the earth ψ 143:3, Egypt ψ 89:11 (cf. De Che; י׳ subj.), servant of Yahweh Is 53:10 (י׳ subj.), Jb 6:9 וְיֹאֵל אֱלוֹהַּ וִיד׳; oppressor ψ 72:4, God’s people ψ 94:5 (‖ יְעַנּוּ), Is 3:15, cf. Pr 22:22 illegally in tribunal, La 3:34 ד׳ תחת רגליו (in all human oppressor subj.); crush me בְּמִלִּים Jb 19:2 (Job’s friends, subj.; ‖ תּוֹגְיוּן נַפְשִׁי); never lit., not even Jb 4:19 (יְדַכְּאוּם, with indef. subj.), for suff. ref. not to בָּֽתֵּי־חֹמֶר, but rather to שֹׁכְנֵי, i.e. men inhabiting the clay houses, bodies, cf. Di. Pu. Pf. דֻּכְּאוּ Je 44:10; Impf. יְדֻכָּא Jb 22:9; Pt. מְדֻכָּא Is 53:5, מְדֻכָּאִים Is 19:10;—crushed, broken in pieces, shattered Jb 22:9 c. obj. fem. זרועות; Is 19:10 subj. שָׁתוֹת (here metaphor. for nobles); fig. of servant of י׳ Is 53:5; made humble, contrite Je 44:10. Hithp. Impf. יִדַּכְּאוּ Jb 5:4, יִדַּכָּ֑אוּ Jb 34:25;—must let themselves be crushed, i.e. maltreated Jb 5:4 (in court בשׁער, cf. Pi. Pr 22:22); are crushed Jb 34:25 (the mighty, by God).
† [כָּלָא] vb. shut up, restrain, withhold (NH id.; Aramaic כְּלָא, ܟܠܴܐ; Ethiopic ከልአ: restrain, hinder; Assyrian kâiû, id.; Arabic كَلَأَ protect Qor 21:43 cf. Ba ZMG 1887, 605 Anm. 4)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. sf. כְּלָאוֹ Je 32:3; 3 fs. כָּֽלְאָה Hg 1:10; 2 fs. sf. כְּלִתִ֫נִי 1 S 25:33; 1 s. כָּלִאתִי ψ 119:101; 3 pl. כָּֽלְאוּ Hg 1:10, כָּלוּ 1 S 6:10; Impf. 3 ms. יִכְלֶה Gn 23:6; 2 ms. תִּכְלָא ψ 40:12; 2 fs. תִּכְלָ֑אִי Is 43:6; 1 s. אֶכְלָא ψ 40:10; Imv. sf. כְּלָאֵם Nu 11:28; Inf. cstr. לִכְלוֹא Ec 8:8; Pt. pass. כָּלוּא Je 32:2, כָּלֻא ψ 88:9; (on the metapl. forms, as if from כלה, v. Ges § 75, 21 c Köi 611);— 1. shut up, c. acc. 1 S 6:10 (+ בְ loc.), Je 32:3; pt. pass. Je 32:2 (בְ loc.), fig. ψ 88:9 (opp. יצא). 2. restrain, c. acc. 1 S 25:33 (+ מִבּוֹא בְדָמִים), ψ 119:101 (+ מִכָּל־); כְּלָאֵם (sc. מֵהִתְנַבֵּא) Nu 11:28; כ׳ שְׂפָתַי ψ 40:10; כ׳ אֶת־הָרוּחַ Ec 8:8. On ψ 74:11 v. כלה" dir="rtl" >כלה Pi. 2. 3. withhold, כ׳ אֶת־קִבְרוֹ מִמְּךָ מִקְּבֹר מֵתֶ֑ךָ Gn 23:6 (P), כ׳ רַחֲמֶיךָ מִמֶּ֑נּי ψ 40:12, Hg 1:10b, prob. also v a (read מָ֑ל for MT 𝔊 מִטָּ֑ל, We); abs. אַל־תִּכְלָאִי (sc. exiles) Is 43:6 (‖ תְּנִי). Niph. Impf. וַיִּכָּלֵא הַגֶּשֶׁם מִן־הַשָּׁמַיִם Gn 8:2 (J), and the rain from heaven was restrained, cf. וַיִּכָּֽלְאוּ מַיִם רַבִּים Ez 31:15 (in fig.; ‖ מנע); וַיִּכָּלֵא הָעָם מֵהָבִיא Ex 36:6 (P). Pi. [Pf. כִּלָּא and] Inf. cstr. לְכַלֵּא v. כלה" dir="rtl" >כלה Pi.
† I. [נָפַץ] vb. shatter (NH id., dash, beat; Assyrian napâṣu, shatter, destroy DlHWB 475; 𝔗 נְפַע Pa. shatter, but also נְפַץ Pa., id., Syriac ܢܦܰܨ shake, break, so Mand., NöM 240, and ZMG xxxii (1878), 406);— Qal Inf. abs. וְנָפוֹץ c. acc. Ju 7:19 and a shattering (= and shattered) the jars; Pt. pass. עֶצֶב נִבְזֶה נָפוּץ Je 22:28 (fig.) a vessel to be despised (and) shattered (cf. Ew Gie Rothstein Kau); also Pt. act. נֹפֵץ shatterer of the holy people Dn 12:7 (Bev MartiKau, reading כִּכְלוֹת יַד נֹפֵץ). Pi. dash to pieces: Pf. 3 ms. וְנִפֵּץ consec. ψ 137:9 c. acc. infants ag. (אֶל) rock; 1 s. וְנִפַּצְתִּ֫י of י׳ dashing all in pieces with (ב) Babyl. as war-club Je 51:20, 21(×2), 22(×3) 23(×3); sf. וְנִפַּצְתִּים אִיּשׁ אֶל־אָחִיו 13:14; Impf. 2 ms. sf. כִּכְלִי יוֹצֵר תְּנַפְּצֵם ψ 2:9 (i.e. nations); 3 mpl. נִבְלֵיהֶם יְנַפֵּ֑צוּ Je 48:12 (symbol. of destroying Moab); Inf. נַפֵּץ יַד־עַם־קֹדֶשׁ Dn 12:7 when (they) finish shattering the hand (fig. for power) of the holy people, but read poss. נֹפֵץ, v. Qal.; = break up rafts 1 K 5:23. Pu. Pt. fpl. מְנֻפָּצוֹת Is 27:9 like chalk-stones pulverized.
סִרָה v. בּוֹר הַסּ׳ p. 92 supr. יסור, only in יסורי Je 17:13 Kt, but v. Qr סור Qal Pt.
Included with: νίζω, Refs 5th c.BC+; imperative νίζε Refs 8th c.BC+; infinitive νίζειν Refs 8th c.BC+; participle νίζων Refs 8th c.BC+: Epic dialect imperfect νίζον Refs 8th c.BC+:— the present νίπτω, analogically formed from νίψω ἔνιψα, first in NT+5th c.BC+ uses middle νίπτομαι Refs: future νίψω Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist ἔνιψα Refs; Epic dialect νίψα Refs 8th c.BC+:—middle, νίζομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: imperfect νίζετο Refs 8th c.BC+future νίψομαι (see. ἀπο-, ἐκ-νίζω)LXXaorist ἐνιψάμη; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular νίψατο Refs 8th c.BC+perfect νένιμμαι (see. below): aorist passive ἐνίφθην (κατ-) Refs 5th c.BC+:—wash the hands or feet (see. entry near the end), νίζε δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἆσσον ἰοῦσα ἄναχθ᾽ ἑόν Refs 8th c.BC+, cf. Oracle texts cited in Refs 5th c.BC+ [same place]:—middle, νίψατο δ᾽ αὐτὸς χεῖρας Refs 8th c.BC+; νίψασθαι, absolutely, to wash one's hands, Refs 8th c.BC+; χεῖρας νίψασθαι ἁλός [with water] from the sea, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 generally, purge, cleanse, νίψαι καθαρμῷ Refs 5th c.BC+ __II wash off, ἐπεί σφιν κῦμα θαλάσσης ἱδρῶ.. νίψεν ἀπὸ χρωτός Refs 8th c.BC+[same place]:—passive, αἷμα νένιπται Refs 8th c.BC+ —middle, ἐκ ποταμοῦ χρόα νίζετο ἅλμην he washed the brine off his skin [with water] from the river, Refs 8th c.BC+—Commonly used of washing part of the person, while λούομαι is used of bathing, πλύνω of washing clothes, etc.; but νίζω is sometimes used of things, σπόγγοισι.. τραπέζας νίζον Refs 8th c.BC+ — _Attic dialect_ Prose writers use the word only in compounds, see.{ἀπο-}, ἐναπο-, ἐκ-νίζω. (Cf. OIr. nigid, Sanskrit nénekti 'wash', niktá- 'washed', Gr. ἀ-νιπτό-ποδες, χέρνιβα, I.-Refs 5th c.BC+ nig[uglide]-.)
† [בָּצַע] vb. cut off, break off, gain by violence (so NH, Arabic بَضَعَ, Ethiopic በጽዐ Aramaic בְּצַע)— Qal Impf. יִבְצָ֑ע Jb 27:8, יִבְצָ֑עוּ Jo 2:8; Imv. sf. בְּצַ֫עַם בְּרֹאשׁ (K3) Am 9:1; Inf. בְּצֹעַ Ez 22:27; Pt. בּוֹצֵעַ Pr 15:27 Je 6:13, בֹּצֵעַ ψ 10:3 + 3 times;—cut off, break off (c. acc. capitals of pillars) Am 9:1 (but LagProv. v, vi בְּצַעַם = בְּזַעַם Hb 3:12 in wrath); so fig. Jb 27:8 when Eloah cutteth off, draweth out, his soul; obj. om. their course, i.e. stop Jo 2:8 (cf. Hi-St); usually gain by violence or in gen. wrongfully Ez 22:27; Pt. abs. ψ 10:3 = greedy getter, robber; & c. acc. cogn. בֶּ֫צַע Pr 1:19; 15:27 Je 6:13; 8:10 Hb 2:9. Pi. Pf. בִּצַּע La 2:17; Impf. יְבַצַּע Is 10:12; sf. יְבַצְּעֵנִי Is 38:12 Jb 6:9; 2 fs. וַתְּבַצְּעִי Ez 22:12; 3 fpl תְּבַצָּ֑עְנָה Zc 4:9;—cut off, (dis)sever (i.e. from life) Jb 6:9 cf. Is 38:12 (מִדַּלָּה); = finish, complete Is 10:12 Zc 4:9; accomplish (= carry out, fulfil) La 2:17 (obj. אמרתו); violently make gain of, obj. pers. Ez 22:12 (instr. בּעשׁק).
† [יָצַג] vb. Hiph. set, place, a vivid and forcible syn. of שָׂם (Köi 430 Ges§ 71)— Hiph. Pf. sf. הִצִּיגַ֫נִי Je 51:34 Qr (Kt הציגנו), Jb 17:6; 1 s. sf. הִצַּגְתִּיו Gn 43:9; וְהִצַּגְתִּיהָ consec. Ho 2:5; Impf. וַיַּצֵּג Gn 30:38; Ju 8:27; sf. וַיַּצִּגֵם Gn 47:2; 2 ms. תַּצִּיג Ju 7:5, etc.; Imv. הַצִּ֫יגוּ Am 5:15; Inf. cstr. הַצֵּג Dt 28:56 (Ges§ 53, 3, R. 2 Kö l.c.); Pt. מַצִּיג Ju 6:37;—set, place, c. acc.: + ב loc. Gn 30:38 (J; + לְנֹכַח צֹאן), Ju 6:37; 8:27 2 S 6:17 (+ בְּתוֹךְ), c. בְּתוֹךְ in ‖ 1 Ch 16:1; + אֵצֶל 1 S 5:2; of setting foot on (על) ground Dt 28:56; Gn 33:15 (J; sq. עִם) = station with thee some of my retinue; + לִפְנֵי Gn 43:9 (J); so with idea of presenting, introducing to Gn 47:2 (J); set (so that all may see) + לְ Jb 17:6; sq. 2 acc. (= set as) Je 51:34; וְהִצַּגְתִּיהָ כְּיוֹם הִוָּלְֽדָ֑הּ Ho 2:5 and (lest) I set (= exhibit) her as in the day when she was born (‖ אַפְשִׁיטֶנָּה עֲרֻמָּה); fig. set up, establish, הציגו בשׁער משׁפט Am 5:15 (opp. v 7 לארץ הניחו). Hoph. Impf. יֻצָּ֑ג Ex 10:24 (E) be stayed, stopped, detained (of herds, etc.)
† [כָּתַת] vb. beat, crush by beating (NH id.; Aramaic כְּתַת);— Qal Pf. 1 s. וְכַתּוֹתִ֫י ψ 89:24; Impf. i s. וָאֶכֹּת Dt 9:21; Imv. mpl. כֹּ֫תּוּ Jo 4:10; Pt. pass. כָּתוּת Is 30:14 Lv 22:24;— 1. beat or crush fine, of a potter’s vessel Is 30:14, the golden calf Dt 9:21 (+ טָחוֹן הֵיטֵב); a sacrificial victim Lv 22:24 (i.e. its testicles; + מָעוּךְ, נָתוּק, כָּרוּת); fig. of enemies ψ 89:24. 2. beat, hammer (ploughshares into swords, cf. Pi. 2) Jo 4:10. Pi. Pf. 3 ms. כִּתַּת 2 K 18:4 2 Ch 34:7; 3 mpl. וְכִּתְּתוּ consec. Is 2:4 + 2 times;—as Qal 1. beat or crush fine 2 K 18:4 2 Ch 34:7 (of images); fig. of devastating the land Zc 11:6. 2. beat, hammer (swords into ploughshares, cf. Qal 2) Is 2:4 = Mi 4:3. Pu. Pf. 3 mpl. וְכֻתְּתוּ 2 Ch 15:6 and they were beaten in pieces, one nation against another. Hiph. Impf. 3 mpl. וַיַּכְּתוּ Dt 1:44 beat in pieces an enemy, sf. וַיַּכּוּם וַיַּכְּתוּם Nu 14:45. Hoph. Impf. 3 ms. וּשְׁאִיָּה יֻכַּת־שָׁ֑עַר Is 24:12 and to ruins is the gate crushed; 3 mpl. יֻכַּתּוּ Mi 1:7 (of idol-images); fig. of warriors Je 46:5; of frail man Jb 4:20.
II. [נָקַף] vb. go around (intrans.), (Ecclus 45:9 Hiph. ויקיפהו surround something with (2 acc.); Pf. 3 fs. הקיפה 43:12 (acc. + ב instr.); NH Hiph. הִקִּיף = BH; also = cling to, be attached, joined to, and so Aramaic אַקֵּיף (Aph.), ܢܩܶܦ );— Qal Impf. חַגִּים יִנְקֹ֑פוּ Is 29:1 (fig.) let feasts go around, i.e. run the round (of the year). Hiph. Pf. הִקִּיף Jb 19:6; 3 fs. הִקִּ֫יפָה Is 15:8; 3 pl. הִקִּ֫יפוּ Jb 1:5 ψ 88:18, וְהִקִּיפוּ consec. 2 Ch 23:7, sf. הִקִּיפוּנִי ψ 22:17; 2 mpl. וְהִקַּפְתֶּם consec. 2 K 11:8; Impf. וַיַּקַּף La 3:5; 3 mpl. יַקִּ֫יפוּ ψ 17:9, וַיַּקִּ֫פוּ 2 K 6:14; 2 mpl. תַּקִּ֫פוּ Lv 19:27; Imv. mpl. sf. הָקִּיפ֫וּהָ ψ 48:13; Inf. abs. הַקֵּיף Jos 6:3, הַקֵּף v 11; Pt. pl. מַקִּ(י)פִים 1 K 7:24 2 Ch 4:3;— 1. go around, surround, encompass: a. go around, c. acc. of city, Jos 6:3 cf. v 11 (acc. om.), ψ 48:13 (all ‖ סָבָב); also (fig.) הִקִּ֫יפָה הַזְּעָקָה אֶת־ Is 15:8 the cry hath gone about the border of Moab. b. surround, encompass, enclose, usually c. עַל־: וַיַּקִּ֫פוּ עַל־הָעִיר 2 K 6:14 and they closed in upon the city (beleaguered it); c. עַל pers. 2 K 11:8 (+ סָבִיב), ψ 17:9; 88:18 (‖ סָבַב), + acc. rei Jb 19:6 he hath closed his net in upon me, cf. La 3:5; less often c. acc. pers. ψ 22:17 (‖ סָבַב), 2 Ch 23:7 (‖ 2 K 11:8; + סָבִיב), also of inanim. things 1 K 7:24 = 2 Ch 4:3 (both + סָבִיב, ‖ סָבַב). 2. make the round, i.e. complete the circuit הִקּ׳ יְמֵי הַמִּשְׁתֶּה Jb 1:5 when the days of feasting had completed their circuit. 3. make round, round off (lit.): לֹא תַקּ׳ פְּאַת רֹאשְׁכֶם Lv 19:27 (‖ לֹא תַשְׁחִית אֵת פְּאַת זְקָנֶ֑ךָ), of heathen rite.
ἐργᾰτ-ης, ου, ὁ, workman, Hermes NT, etc.; especially one who works the soil, husbandman, Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.: also with substantive, Refs 4th c.BC+ the country-folk, Refs 5th c.BC+; of animals, βοῦς ἐ. a working ox, Refs 7th c.BC+; also ἐ. θαλάττης, of a fisher, Refs 4th c.AD+ a stone-mason, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __b in the religious sense, NT __2 adjective hard-working, strenuous, Refs 6th c.BC+; opposed to ἀργός, Refs 5th c.BC+. __II one who practises an art, Refs 6th c.BC+; ἐ. δίκης, of a judge, Refs 3rd c.BC+, practitioner in some special branch of surgery, e.g. lithotomy, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III doer, NT+6th c.BC+. __IV producer, Refs 1st c.AD+ __V a sort of capstan or windlass, Refs 3rd c.BC+
συλλαμβάνω, future -λήψομαι: perfect -είληφα, passive -είλημμαι: aorist συνέλᾰβον, infinitive συλλᾰβεῖν:—middle, present in Refs 4th c.BC+: aorist συνελαβόμην Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive (see. below; in Refs 5th c.BC+:—collect, gather together, especially rally scattered troops, τῆς στρατιῆς τοὺς περιγενομένους Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 take with one, carry off, Refs 5th c.BC+; συλλαβὼν θεσπίσματα κεῖται παρ᾽ Ἅιδῃ with all his prophecies, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔκπλει σεαυτὸν συλλαβὼν ἐκ τῆσδε γῆς pack yourself off, Refs __3 put together, close, τὸ στόμα καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς (of a corpse) Refs 5th c.BC+; ξ. αὐτοῦ τὸ στόμα shut his mouth, Refs 5th c.BC+; enclose, τῇ ἐπιδέσει συλλαμβάνοντα συνάγειν τοὺς μηρούς Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3.b combine in pronunciation, λέγε δὴ μόλωμεν ξυνεχὲς ὡδὶ ξυλλαβών say αὐτὸ μόλωμεν as one word, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 in speaking, comprehend, comprise, ἑνὶ ἔπεϊ πάντα συλλαβόντα εἰπεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+.; εἰς ἓν πάντα σ. Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be comprehended (logically), μετὰ τοῦ γένους αἱ συλλαμβανόμεναι διαφοραί Refs 4th c.BC+; σὺν τῇ ὕλῃ συνειλημμένος, i.e. concrete, opposed to abstract, Refs __II lay hands on, seize, ὁλκάδας Refs 7th c.BC+; ξ. τῶν σχοινίων lay hold of them, help to pull, Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, τίς ξυλλάβοιτ᾽ ἂν τοῦ ξύλο; Refs __II.b buy up, τὰ τρύβλια Refs __II.2 seize the person of.., apprehend, arrest, Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. ζῶντα, ὅμηρον, Refs 5th c.BC+; συλλαβόντας αὐτὸν ἴσχειν seize and hold him, Refs 4th c.BC+ — passive, πρὶν ξυλληφθῆναι before they were arrested, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 of the mind, grasp the meaning of, comprehend, τὸ χρηστήριον, τὸ ῥηθέν, τὸν λόγον, τὴν φωνήν, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III receive at the same time, enjoy together, Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV of females, conceive, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the womb, σ. τὸ σπέρμα Refs 4th c.BC+ near to be delivered, LXX __V take with or besides, take as an assistant, τὴν δίκην σ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __VI with dative person, take pert with another, assist him, οὐ τοῖς ἀθύμοις ἡ τύχη ξ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ δυνατὰ τῇ πόλει ξ. Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. τισί τι take part with or assist them in a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+ contributed towards persuading, Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, assist, Refs 5th c.BC+; δεῖ δὲ ξυλλαμβάνοντα τοὺς θεοὺς ἐπικαλέεσθαι while invoking the gods one must help oneself, Refs 5th c.BC+ __VI.2 middle, c.genitive of things, take part in, συνελάβοντο τοῦ στρατεύματος Refs 5th c.BC+; ξυνελάβοντο τοῦ τοιούτου οὐχ ἥκιστα, ὥστε.. especially contributed to this, Refs 5th c.BC+ intervene in a storm together with circumstance, Refs 5th c.BC+
† [אָזַר] vb. gird, encompass, equip (Talm. id., Arabic أَزَّرَ, Aramaic in deriv. LagBN 177 der. from وَزَرَ ). Qal Pf. אָֽזְרוּ 1 S 2:4; Impf. sf. יַאַזְרֵנִי Jb 30:18; 2 ms. תֶּאֱזוֹר Je 1:17; Imv. אֱזָר־נָא Jb 38:3; 40:7; Pt. pass. אָזוּר 2 K 1:8;—gird, gird on, sq. acc. rei loins חֲלָצֶיךָ Jb 38:3; 40:7, מָחְנֶיךָ Je 1:17; pass., with אֵזוֹר, וְאֵזוֹר עוֹר אָזוּר בְּמָתְנָיו 2 K 1:3; cf. act. c. acc. pers. Jb 30:18 כְּפִי כֻתָּנְתִּי יַאַזְרֵנִי, subj. לְבוּשִׁי v. Di; fig. 1 S 2:4 אָֽזְרוּ חַיִל. Niph. Pt. נֶאְזָר fig. ψ 65:7 of God (נ׳ בִּגְבוּרָה) girded with might. Pi. Impf. 2 ms. sf. וַתְּאַזְּרֵנִי ψ 18:40; 30:12; וַתַּזְרִנִי 2 S 22:40 (Ges§ 68 R 2); Pt. sf. הַמְּאַזְּרֵנִי ψ 18:33; cstr. מְאַזְּרֵי Is 50:11 but cf. infr.—gird, c. 2 acc. (pers. & rei) fig., ψ 18:40 = 2 S 22:40 ψ 18:33 (חַיִל); ψ 30:12 (שִׂמְחָה); acc. rei om. Is 45:5; acc. pers. om. מְאַזְּרֵי זִיקוֹת Is 50:11; but read rather מְאִירֵי cf. 27:11 (𝔖 Kn Brd Di). Hithp. Pf. הִתְאַזָּ֑ר ψ 93:1; Imv. הִתְאַזְּרוּ Is 8:9(×2)—gird oneself, for war Is 8:9(×2); with עֹז ψ 93:1 (subj. י׳).
† I. טָבַל Niph. Pf. 3 mpl. נִטְבְּלוּ Jos 3:15 be dipped, בְּ of water. vb. dip (NH id.; Aramaic טְבַל dip, bathe; cf. perhaps Arabic طَمَلَ saturavit tinctura vestem, Frey)—Qal Pf. וְטָבַל consec. Lv 4:6 + 5 times; וְטָבַלְתְּ consec. Ru 2:14; וּטְבַלְתֶּם consec. Ex 12:22; Impf. וַיִּטְבֹּל Lv 9:9 + 3 times; 2 ms. sf. תִּטְבְּלֵנִי Jb 9:31; וַיִּטְבְּלוּ Gn 37:31;—dip: 1. trans., dip a thing in, c. acc. rei + בְּ: in blood Gn 37:31 (J), so especially in connexion with sacrifices Lv 4:6; 9:9; 14:6, 51 (also in fresh water); in water, for purification Nu 19:18 (all P); of dipping rod in honey 1 S 14:27, bread in vinegar Ru 2:14, foot in oil Dt 33:24 (poem); בַּשַּׁחַת תִּטְבְּלֵנִי Jb 9:31 in the ditch dost thou dip me; acc. omitted Ex 12:22 (JE; in blood), 2 K 8:15 (in water); but also + מִן = moisten with, with some of Lv 4:17 (blood), 14:16 (oil). 2. intrans., dip (oneself), sq. בְּ, 2 K 5:14 in Jordan (‖ רָחַץ בְּ v 10, 12). Ni.
† [יְגִיעַ] n.m. toil, product;—cstr. יְגִיעַ Gn 31:42 + 5 times; sf. יְגִיעֲךָ Dt 28:33; יְגִיעֶ֑ךָ Jb 39:11; יְגִיעֵךְ Ez 23:29; יְגִיעוֹ ψ 109:11 Ne 5:13; יְגִיעָהּ Jb 39:16 Je 20:5; וִיגִיעֲכֶם Is 55:2; וִיגִיעָם ψ 78:46; pl. sf. יְגִיעַי Ho 12:9 (but יְגִיעָיו 𝔊 Che);— 1. toil, יג׳ כַּפַּיִם Gn 31:42 (E; ‖ עֳנִי), Jb 39:11 (= husbandry), laying of eggs 39:16. 2. result of toil, product, produce, acquired property: יְגִיעַי Ho 12:9 (‖ אוֹן, on text v. supr.), Dt 28:33 (‖ פְּרִי אדמתך), ψ 78:46 (‖ יְבוּל); יְגִיעַ כַּפַּיִם 128:2, Hg 1:11 (‖ דָּגָן, תִּירוֹשׁ, יִצְהָר, אֲשֶׁר תּוֹצִיא הָאֲדָמָה, אָדָם, בְּהֵמָה); Ne 5:13 (‖ בית), ψ 109:11 (‖ כל־אשׁר־לוֹ), Is 45:14 (יגיע מצרים, ‖ סַחַר־כּוּשׁ), 55:2 (‖ כֶּסֶף), Je 3:24 (‖ צֹאן, בָּקָר, בָּנִים, בָּנוֹת), 20:5 (‖ חֹסֶן, יָקָר, of city), Ez 23:29; of Job as product of God’s hands (יְג׳ כַּפֶּיךָ) Jb 10:3.
† I. כָּרָה vb. dig (NH id.; Aramaic כְּרָא, Ethiopic ከረየ Arabic كَرَا (c. و and especially ى, Dozy ii. 461); Syriac ܟܪܳܐ is be short, cut off (i.e. rounded off ?), Arabic كُرَةٌ ball; 𝔗 כְּרֵי heap Dalm Gr 109; Syriac ܟܰܪܝܳܐ, Mish. כרי id.; Assyrian karê, large vessels for holding corn, etc., DlHWB 353, cf. kirû (dub.) Wkl Tel Am. Vocab.; Ba ZMG 1887, 615 conjectures be round as orig. √ meaning, and comp. Arabic كَرِيَتِ السَّاقُ the leg is round);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. כָּרָה 2 Ch 16:14 ψ 7:16; 2 ms. כָּרִיתָ ψ 40:7; 1 s. כָּרִי��ִי Gn 50:5; 3 pl. כָּרוּ Je 18:20 + 3 times; sf. כָּרוּהָ Nu 21:18; Impf. 3 ms. יִכְרֶה Ex 21:33; 3 mpl. וַיִּכְרוּ Gn 26:25; Pt. כֹּרֶה Pr 16:27; 26:27;—dig a grave, קֶבֶר Gn 50:5 (J), cf. 2 Ch 16:14; a well, בְּאֵר Gn 26:25 (J), Nu 21:18 (song in JE); a pit, בּוֹר Ex 21:33; fig. of plotting against others ψ 7:16; so sq. שׁוּחָה Je 18:20, 22, sq. שִׁיחָה ψ 57:7; 119:85; sq. שַׁחַת Pr 26:27; hence כֹּרֶה רָעָה Pr 16:27 one digging a calamity; אָזְנַיִם כ׳ לִי ψ 40:7 ears hast thou dug (with allusion to the cavity of the ear) for me, thou hast given me the means of hearing and obeying thy will.—On ψ 22:17 v. כוּר" dir="rtl" >II. כּוּר. Niph. Impf. 3 ms. עַד יִכָּרֶה שַׁחַת ψ 94:13 until the pit be digged for the wicked, fig. of judgment.
† [נָזַל] vb. flow, trickle, drop, distil (poet.) (𝔗 נְזַל of flowing water; Syriac ܢܙܠ descendit, defluet PS2331; Arabic نَزَلَ descend (milk into udder, but also in gen.));— Qal Pf. נָֽזְלוּ Ju 5:5; Impf. יִזַּל Nu 24:7, etc.; Pt. נֹזְלִים Ex 15:8 +, etc.;— 1. flow, subj. water, Nu 24:7 (JE); ψ 147:18; cf. Je 18:14; subj. clouds, Jb 36:28 sq. rain as acc. mat. Ges§ 117 z (‖ רעף and, v 27, זקק), cf. Je 9:17 (of eyelids); so fig. Is 45:8 sq. צֶדֶק (‖ רעף); of mts. (i.e. their torrents) Ju 5:5 according to 𝔙 Ew GFM al., but v. זָלַל" dir="rtl" >I. זלל; especially pt. as subst., = streams, floods, Ex 15:8 (‖ מים, תהום of Red Sea); ψ 78:44 (‖ יְאֹר); for drinking ψ 78:16 (‖ מים כַנהרות, תהום v 15), Pr 5:15 out of well (‖ מים); for irrigation Is 44:3 (‖ מים); fig. of Shulammite נ׳ מִן־לְבָנוֹן Ct 4:15 (‖ מעין גנים, באר מים). 2. distil, of spices בְּשָׂמִים Ct 4:16; fig. of words, like dew Dt 32:2 (‖ ערף). Hiph. Pf. הִזִּיל Is 48:21 cause to flow, water from rock (‖ זוב).—Vid. also זָלַל" dir="rtl" >I. זלל.
† עָרוֹם, עָרֹם adj. naked (perhaps secondary form from עֵירֹם Ew§ 163 c Sta§ 327 a; or from √ עָרָה, q.v.);—abs. עָרוֹם Am 2:16 + 8 times, עָרֹם 1 S 19:24 + 3 times; f. עֲרֻמָּה Ho 2:5; pl. עֲרוּמִּים Gn 2:25 Jb 22:6;—naked Gn 2:25 (J) 1 S 19:24 Ho 2:5; adverb. (Ges§ 118 n) c. הָלַךְ Is 20:2, 3, 4 Mi 1:8, cf. Am 2:16 Jb 24:7, 10; = subst. concr. Is 58:7 Jb 22:6; = without possessions Jb 1:21(×2) = Ec 5:14; of Sheʾôl. open before י׳ Jb 26:6.
† [פֵּ֫שֶׁת] n.f. Jos 2:6 flax, linen (√ dub.; NH פִּשְׁתָּן, Pun. Φοιστ; Löwp. 233);—sf. פִּשְׁתִּי Ho 2:7, 11; elsewhere pl. פִּשְׁתִּים Ju 15:14 +, cstr. פִּשְׁתֵּי Jos 2:6;— 1. flax, after gathering, פִּשְׁתֵּי הָעֵץ Jos 2:6 (JE, v. עֵץ 2 f); inflammable Ju 15:14 (sim.); as natural product (+ צֶמֶר) Ho 2:7, 11; as material, פְּתִיל פ׳ Ez 40:3; of various garments Je 13:1; Ez 44:17, 18(×2), + צֶמֶר Dt 22:11; Lv 13:47, 48, 52, 59 (P), cf. Pr 31:13; עֹבְדֵי פ׳ שְׂרִיקוֹת Is 19:9 (v. [שָׂרִיק]).
† II. [שׁוּר] vb. behold, regard (especially Jb);— Qal Impf. 3 ms. יָשׁוּר Je 5:26, sf. יְשׁוּרֶנּוּ Jb 34:29, etc.; Imv. ms. שׁוּר Jb 35:5;— 1. behold, c. acc. pers. Nu 23:9; 24:17 (poems in JE, ‖ רָאָה), לֹא תְּשׁוּרֵנִי, subj. eye, Jb 24:15, and (= I shall not exist) 7:8, cf. 20:9 (subj. מְקוֹמוֹ), 17:15; God object 34:29; 35:14; look, gaze, abs., מִן loc. Ct 4:8. 2. regard with watchful care (subj. י׳) Ho 14:9; so, = notice, Jb 35:13; regard, observe, acc. rei, God’s word Jb 33:14 (Hi De Da al.), so, (reading 2 ms.), Siegf Bu; Du יְשִׁיבֶנָּה he (God) retracts it not. 3. watch stealthily, lie in wait, כְּנָמֵר עַל־דֶּרֶךְ אָשׁוּר Ho 13:7 (subj. י׳; Meinh Marti אֶשְׁקֹד; 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 We Now al. אַשּׁוּר), Je 5:26 (subj. wicked).—Jb 33:27 v. שׁיר" dir="rtl" >שׁיר.
† II. שַׂלְמָה n.f.id.(transp. from שִׂמְלָה);—abs. שׂ׳ Ex 22:8 +, cstr. שַׂלְמַת v 25; sf. שַׂלְמָתוֹ Dt 24:13; pl. שְׂלָמוֹת Jos 9:5 +, sf. שַׂלְמֹתֵיהֶם v 13, etc.;—garment (of man or [Ct 4:11] woman): outer garment Ex 22:8, 25 (E), Jos 9:5, 13 (JE), Dt 24:13; 1 K 11:29, 30 ψ 104:2 (fig.); in gen. clothes (pl.) Dt 29:4; Ne 9:21; Jb 9:31; Ct 4:11; as costly gifts 1 K 10:25 = 2 Ch 9:24; as booty Jos 22:8 (late).—Mi 2:8 read prob. שֹׁלְמֹה (Roorda, RSProph. vii. N. 4), or שֹׁלְמִים (We Now GASm), him (those) at pease (with him), cf. 𝔊𝔖.
γυμνός, ή, όν, naked, unclad, γ. περ ἐών Refs 8th c.BC+: comparative, Ἴρου γυμνότερος Refs 5th c.AD+; γυμνὸν στάδιον, opposed to ὁπλιτοδρόμος, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 unarmed, οὐδ᾽ ὑπέμεινε Πάτροκλον, γυμνόν περ ἐόντ᾽ ἐν δηϊοτῆτι Refs 8th c.BC+parts not covered by armour, exposed parts, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially right side (the left being covered by the shields), Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 of things bare, γ. τόξον an uncoveredbow,i.e. taken out of the case, Refs 8th c.BC+ __4 c.genitive, stripped of a thing, κολεοῦ γ. φάσγανον Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative ἀνδριάντων -ότερος Refs 1st c.AD+ __5 lightly clad, i.e. in the undergarment only, Refs 8th c.BC+; of horses, without harness, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __6 of facts, naked, bald, γυμνῶν τῶν πραγμάτων θεωρουμένων Refs 4th c.BC+ adverb -ῶς baldly, Refs 4th c.BC+ __7 destitute, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __8 bare, mere, κόκκος NT __9 beardless, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __10 scalped, Refs 7th c.BC+ __11 γυμνή· ἄνηβος, Refs 5th c.AD+ __12 proverbial of impossibilities, γυμνῷ φυλακὴν ἐπιτάττεις Refs 5th c.BC+. (Akin to Sanskrit nagnás, Latin nādus, etc.; compare λυγνός.)
δέρω Refs 5th c.BC+:—also δείρω Refs 5th c.BC+: imperfect ἔδερον Refs 8th c.BC+, Epic dialect δέρον Refs 8th c.BC+: future δερῶ Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἔδειρα Refs 8th c.BC+ —middle, see. {ἀναδέρω}:—passive, future δᾰρήσομαι NT+2nd c.AD+aorist ἐδάρην [ᾰ] Refs 5th c.BC+; participle δαρθείς Refs 4th c.BC+perfect δέδαρμαι (see. below):— skin, flay, of animals, δ. βοῦς Refs 8th c.BC+ 'flog a dead horse', Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀσκὸς δεδάρθαι to have one's skin flayed off, Refs 6th c.BC+; δερῶ σε θύλακον κλοπῆς I will make a thief's purse of your skin, Refs 5th c.BC+ 'first catch your hare, then cook it', Refs; ἀέρα δέρειν 'plough the sands', Refs __2 Anatomy texts, separate by avulsion, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II colloquially, cudgel, thrash, δέδοκταί μοι δέρεσθαι καὶ δέρειν δι᾽ ἡμέρας Refs 5th c.BC+ 'spare the rod and spoil the child', Refs 4th c.BC+: metaphorically, εἰς πρόσωπόν τινα δ. NT. (Cf. Lithuanian derù 'flay', Sanskrit dṛṇā´ti 'split'.)
καταλαμβάνω, future -λήψομαιRefs 5th c.BC+, Ionic dialect -λάμψομαιRefs 7th c.BC+: perfect -είληφαRefs 5th c.BC+ c.BC)), -λελάβηκα Refs 6th c.BC+:—passive, Ionic dialect aorist -ελάμφθηνRefs; -ελάφθην Refs 4th c.BC+: perfect in middle sense, Refs 1st c.BC+:—seize, lay hold of, with accusative, τοῦ κατὰ νῶτα λαβών Refs 8th c.BC+; πάντα φυλακαῖς κ. Refs 5th c.BC+; φάσκων Ποσειδῶ πρότερον Ἀθηνᾶς καταλαβεῖν αὐτήν (i.e. τὴν πόλιν) Refs 5th c.BC+; later, simply, arrive at a place, Refs 6th c.AD+, etc.:—middle, seize for oneself, τὰ πρήγματα Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ ἄλλοι οὐ κατελάβοντο matters which others had not preoccupied, Refs 2nd c.BC+ —passive, of a person, ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ καταληφθείς possessed, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __2 of death, fatigue, disaster, etc., τὸν δὲ κατ᾽ ὄσσε ἔλλαβε.. θάνατος Refs 8th c.BC+; befall, overtake, συμφορὰ κ. πόλεις Refs 5th c.BC+; ὅσα φεύγοντας ἐκ τῆς πατρίδος κακὰ ἐπίδοξα καταλαμβάνειν may be expected to befall them,Refs: followed by infinitive, νοῦσός τινα κ. νοσῆσαι Refs; πρίν τι ἀνήκεστον ἡμᾶς κ. Refs 5th c.BC+; rarely of good fortune, τοῦτον κατέλαβε εὐτυχίη τις Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 seize with the mind, comprehend, NT+5th c.BC+ (perhaps overcome); κάλλος διὰ τῆς [ὄψεως] Refs 5th c.BC+:—so in middle, NT+1st c.BC+:— passive, Refs 1st c.BC+ __4 accept, παρὰ τοῦ βασιλέως.. δωροδοκήματα uncertain reading in Refs 5th c.BC+ __II catch, overtake, come up with, τοὺς φεύγοντας Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.:—passive, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.2 find on arrival, with participle, τινὰ ζῶντα Refs 5th c.BC+; detect, ἐπ᾽ αὐτοφώρῳ ἐμαυτόν Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, κατελήφθη σοῦ λάθρᾳ πωλῶν τὰ σά NT+5th c.BC+; to be taken by surprise, Refs 1st c.AD+ __III impersonal, καταλαμβάνει τινά with infinitive, it happens to one, it is one's fortune to.., καταλαμβάνει μιν φεύγειν Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV absolutely, πρὸς τὴν καταλαβοῦσαν συμφορήν that had befallen, Refs; τὰ καταλαβόντα, ={τὰ συμβάντα}, what had happened, the circumstances, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῆς νυκτὸς -λαμβανούσης as night was coming on, Refs 1st c.BC+ __V hold down, cover, τῇ Χειρὶ τὸν ὀφθαλμόν Refs 5th c.BC+; fasten down, κ. πῶμα γόμφοις Refs 2nd c.AD+ (so in middle, Refs 1st c.BC+:—passive, to be compressed, opposed to διαλύεσθαι, Refs 4th c.BC+ __V.2 keep under, repress, check, κ. τινῶν αὐξανομένην τὴν δύναμιν Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. τὸ πῦρ get it under,Refs; κ. τὰς διαφοράς put an end to them, Refs.; κ. ἐρίζοντας stop their quarrelling, Refs: followed by infinitive, κ. τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους ταῦτα μὴ ποιέειν Refs; ὁ τῶν Περσέων θάνατος καταλαμφθεὶς ἐσιγήθη inquiries about their death being checked.. , Refs __V.2.b κ. τὸ πνεῦμα hold the breath, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __V.3 bind, κ. πίστι καὶ ὁρκίοισι Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, εἴ τινι -λέλαμμαι ὅρκῳ Refs; νόμοις, ἔθεσι κατειλημμένα enforced, Refs 5th c.BC+; [τὰς σπονδὰς] ηὗρε κατειλημμένας he found the treaty concluded, Refs 5th c.BC+ __V.4 compel, constrain one to do, with infinitive, ἀναγκαίη μιν κ. φαίνειν forces him to bring out the truth, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, ἀναγκαίῃ καταλαμβανόμενος being constrained, Refs 5th c.BC+ __V.5 convict, condemn, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to ἀπολύειν, Refs 4th c.BC+; of the prosecutor, secure a conviction, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ -λαβών Refs 2nd c.BC+
κτίζω, Refs 5th c.BC+: future -ίσω Refs 4th c.BC+: aorist ἔκτῐσα Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect ἔκτῐκα Refs 1st c.BC+:— middle, poetryaorist ἐκτίσσατο Refs 5th c.BC+:— passive, future κτισθήσομαι Refs 1st c.BC+: aorist ἐκτίσθην Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἔκτισμαι Refs 5th c.BC+:—people a country, build houses and cities in it, κτίσσε δὲ Δαρδανίην Il.[same place]; κ. χώρην, νῆσον, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 of a city, found, build, Θήβης ἕδος ἔκτισαν Od.[same place],Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀποικίαν Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, to be founded, Σμύρνην τὴν ἀπὸ Κολοφῶνος κτισθεῖσαν founded by emigrants from Colophon, Refs 5th c.BC+; μήτε ἄστεα μήτε τείχεα ἐκτισμένα no fixed cities or walls, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 κ. ἄλσος plant a grove, Refs 5th c.BC+; βωμόν set up an altar, Refs; ἑορτάν, ἀγῶνα, found, establish it, Refs; τὸν Κύρνον.. κτίσαι, ἥρων ἐόντα establish his worship, Refs 5th c.BC+; τάφον τινί Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 produce, create, bring into being, γόνῳ τινά Refs 4th c.BC+; bring about, τελευτήν Refs; ὁ τὴν φιλίην ἐκτικώς Refs [prev. cited]; of painters, δένδρεα.. καὶ ἀνέρας ἠδὲ γυναῖκας Emp.[same place]; ἵπποισι τὸν χαλινὸν κτίσας having invented it, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 make so and so, ἐλεύθερον κ. τινά Refs 5th c.BC+ __6 perpetrate a deed, Refs 5th c.BC+. (Cf. Sanskrit kséti 'reside', k[snull]itís (={κτίσις}) 'habitation'.)
† [כָּבַשׁ] vb. subdue, bring into bondage (NH id., press, oppress; Aramaic כְּבַשׁ, ܟܒܰܫ tread down, beat or make a path, subdue; Arabic كَبَسَ press, squeeze, knead (body or limb, as in the bath, massage), also attack, assault)— Qal Pf. 3 pl. וְכָֽבְשׁוּ consec. Zc 9:15; Impf. יִכְבּוֹשׁ Mi 7:19; וַיִּכְבְּשׁוּם Je 34:11 Qr (Kt Hiph), etc.; Imv. pl. sf. כִּבְשֻׁהָ Gn 1:28; Inf. כְּבוֹשׁ 2 Ch 28:10 Est 7:8; Pt. כֹּבְשִׁים Ne 5:5;— 1. bring into bondage, sq. acc. + לַעֲבָדִים Je 34:11, 16 2 Ch 28:10 Ne 5:5. 2. (late) subdue, force, a woman Est 7:8 (= earlier עִנָּה). 3. subdue, dominate, the earth Gn 1:28 (P), Zc 9:15 (of conquest); tread down, sq. אַבְנֵי־קֶלַע; fig. subdue, sq. עֲוֹנֹתֵינוּ Mi 7:19. Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִכְבְּשָׁה Jos 18:1 + 3 times; Pt. fpl. נִכְבָּשׁוֹת Ne 5:5;—pass. of Qal 1, subj. בְּנוֹתֵינוּ Ne 5:5; of Qal 3, subj. הָאָרֶץ (of conquest) Nu 32:22, 29 Jos 18:1 (all P), 1 Ch 22:18. Pi. Pf. כִּבֵּשׁ subdued 2 S 8:11, obj. גּוֹיִם. Hiph. Impf. bring into bondage sq. acc. + לַעֲבָדִים Je 34:11 Kt (Qr Qal).
† I. [עָצַב] vb. hurt, pain, grieve (NH Nithp. and in deriv.; 𝔗 עֲצַב be in pain (rare); Ethiopic ዐጸበ: be hard, difficult; LagBN 50, cf. 201 cp. Arabic غَضِبَ be angry, but dub.);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. sf. עֲצָבוֹ 1 K 1:6 his father had not pained him (𝔊 Klo Gr עֲצָרוֹ, but v. Benz); ins. עָצַב (with other words) 2 S 13:21 𝔊 Ew Th We Kit Bu HPS; Inf. cstr. sf. לְבִלְתִּי עָצְבִּי 1 Ch 4:10 that it (רָעָה) may not pain me; Pt. pass. cstr. עֲצוּבַת רוּחַ Is 54:6 hurt in spirit (of Zion under fig. of deserted wife). Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נֶעְצַב 1 S 20:34 be pained for (אֶל pers.; del. 𝔊 HPS); נֶעֱצַב 2 S 19:3 the king is in pain (is grieving) for (עַל pers.); Impf. 3 ms. יֵעָצֵב 1 S 20:3 lest he be pained; + בָּהֶם instr. Ec 10:9 shall be hurt by them (i.e. אֲבָנִים; only here of physical pain); 2 mpl. תֵּעָֽצְבוּ Gn 45:5 be not grieved (+ יִחַר; sq. כִּי that ye sold me), cf. Ne 8:10, 11 (abs.) do not grieve. Pi. Pf. 3 pl. עִצְּבוּ c. acc. Is 63:10 they vexed his holy spirit (+ מָרוּ); Impf. 3 mpl. דְּבָרַי יְעַצֵּ֑בוּ ψ 56:6 my affairs they vex (Thes al.), but improb., בְּדָבָר יְע׳ with speech they vex (me). Hiph. Impf. 3 mpl. sf. יַעֲצִיבוּהוּ ψ 78:40 they used to cause him [י׳] pain. Hithp. Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּתְעַצֵּב אֶל־לִבּוֹ Gn 6:6 and he was vexed to his heart (of י׳; ‖ וַיִּנָּחֶם); 3 mpl. וַיִּתְעַצְּבוּ Gn 34:7 (+ וַיִּחַר, sq. clause with כִּי).
† [עָרָה] vb. be naked, bare (Arabic عَرِىَ be naked; Ph. ערה [Pi.] lay bare (cf. Bloch Lzb); Assyrian ûru, nakedness, also desert waste (cf. [עָרָה] infr.) JägerBAS ii. 282 and reff.; NH עֶרְוָה = BH, 𝔗 עִירְיְתָא; Syriac ܥܪܳܝܽܘܬܳܐ in Lexx);— Pi. Pf. 3 ms. עֵרָה Is 22:6 Zp 2:14; Impf. 3 ms. יְעָרֶה Is 3:17; 3 fs. וַתְּעַר Gn 24:20; 2 ms. juss. תְּעַר ψ 141:8; 3 mpl. וִיעָרוּ 2 Ch 24:11; Imv. mpl. עָ֫רוּ ψ 137:7(×2); Inf. abs. עָרוֹת Hb 3:13 (Ges§ 75 n);— 1. lay bare Is 3:17; 22:6; Zp 2:14 (indef. subj.); of laying foundations bare, i.e. tearing down walls, etc. Hb 3:13 (yet on text v. Now), abs. עָ֫רוּ עָ֑רוּ ψ 137:7(×2). 2. lay bare by removing contents, empty, water-jar Gn 24:20 (J; + אֶל loc.), chest 2 Ch 24:11. 3. pour out, אַל־תְּעַר נַפְשָׁי ψ 141:8 (i.e. slay). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֶעֱרָה: 1. make naked, of sexual offences Lv 20:18, 19 (both ‖ גִּלָּה). 2. pour out, הֶע׳ לַמָּוֶת נַפְשׁוֹ Is 53:12 (fig. for slay, cf. Pi. 3). Niph. pass. of Hiph. 2: 3 ms. יֵעָרֶה עָלֵינוּ רוּחַ Is 32:15 (fig.) until there be poured upon us a spirit from on high. Hithp. 1. Impf. 2 fs. תִּתְעָרִ֑י La 4:21 thou shalt make thyself naked (of Edom under fig. of drunken woman). 2. Pt. מִתְעָרֶה ψ 37:35 usually pouring himself, i.e. spreading himself out like a tree (Bae doubts; Du מִתְעַלֶּה lifting himself up, cf. 𝔊).
ἁρπάζω, future -άξωRefs 8th c.BC+ -άσω Refs 5th c.BC+, (ἀν-) Refs 5th c.BC+; in Attic dialect more commonly ἁρπάσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+, (ἀν-) Refs 5th c.BC+; contraction ἁρπῶμαι, ἁρπᾷLXX: aorist ἥρπαξαRefs 8th c.BC+; Trag. and Attic dialect ἥρπασαRefs 8th c.BC+: perfect ἥρπακαRefs 5th c.BC+:—middle, aorist ἡρπασάμηνRefs 5th c.BC+:—passive, perfect ἥρπασμαιRefs 5th c.BC+ (ἀν-): Refspluperfect ἥρπαστοRefs 2nd c.AD+, infinitive -άχθαιRefs 1st c.BC+aorist 1 ἡρπάσθην Refs 5th c.BC+ 4, etc., -χθην Refs 1st c.BC+; later, aorist 2 ἡρπάγην [ᾰ] Refs 3rd c.BC+: future ἁρπᾰγήσομαιNT+1st c.AD+; participle ἁρπάμενος (as if from ἅρπημι) Refs 1st c.AD+, (ὑφ-) Refs 6th c.AD+:—snatch away, carry off, ὅτε σε πρῶτον Λακεδαίμονος ἐξ ἐρατεινῆς ἔπλεον ἁρπάξαςRefs 8th c.BC+; ὡς δ᾽ ὅτε τίς τε λέων.. ἀγέλης βοῦν ἁρπάσῃRefs 8th c.BC+: absolutely, to be a robber, ὁτιὴ ’πιώρκεις ἡρπακώς Refs 5th c.BC+; ἁρπάζειν βλέπει looks thievish, Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive (or middle), ἐκ χερῶν ἁρπάζομαι I have her torn from my arms, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 seize hastily, snatch up, λᾶανRefs 8th c.BC+; ἁ. τινὰ μέσον seize him by the waist, Refs 5th c.BC+; λίθος ἥτις τὸν σίδηρον ἁρπάζει, of the magnet, Refs 5th c.BC+greedily, Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle in Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3 seize, overpower, overmaster, γλῶσσαν ἁ. φόβοςRefs 4th c.BC+; seize, occupy a post, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἁρπάσαι πεῖραν seize an opportunity of attacking, Refs 5th c.BC+; snap up, ὥσπερ εὕρημαRefs 3rd c.BC+ __4 seize, adopt a legend, of an author, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 grasp with the senses, ὀσμαὶ -όμεναι ταῖς ὀσφρήσεσινRefs 1st c.AD+ __6 captivate, ravish, LXX+1st c.AD+ __7 draw up by means of a vacuum, Refs 6th c.AD+ __II plunder, πόλεις, τὰ ἐκ τῶν οἰκιῶν, τὴν Ἑλλάδα, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+
κλάω [ᾰ], __A imperfect ἔκλων (κατ-) Refs 8th c.BC+: future κλάσω [ᾰ] Refs 1st c.AD+: aorist 1 ἔκλᾰσα, Epic dialect κλάσε Refs 8th c.BC+:—middle, poetry aorist κλάσσατο Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, future κλασθήσομαι Refs 4th c.BC+: aorist ἐκλάσθην Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect κέκλασμαι Refs 4th c.BC+aorist 2 participle κλάς (as if from κλῆμι) Refs 6th c.BC+:—break, break off, ἐξ ὕλης πτόρθον κλάσε Refs 8th c.BC+; break off the luxuriant shoots of the vine, NT+4th c.BC+ __A.2 Geometry texts, deflect, inflect, usually of drawing a straight line 'broken back' at a line or surface, κλάσαι εὐθεῖαν τὴν ΑΓΒ ἐν λόγῳ τῷ δοθέντι Refs 3rd c.AD+; ἀπὸ δύο σημείων τῶν B, E κλάσαι τὴν ΒΝΞΕ Refs:—more frequently in passive, Refs 4th c.BC+.; ἡ κεκλασμένη (i.e. γραμμή) Refs 3rd c.BC+; ἐὰν ἀπὸ τῶν σημείων κλασθῶσινRefs 3rd c.BC+; of visual rays, Refs 4th c.BC+; of arteries, Refs 1st c.AD+ their broken courses, Refs __A.3 metaphorically, break, weaken, frustrate, τὴν ἐλπίδα Refs 1st c.AD+perfect participle passive, κεκλασμένη φωνή weak, effeminate voice, Refs 5th c.BC+ (also of the Siren's song, Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὰ κεκλ. τῶν ὀμμάτων enfeebled eyes, Refs 4th c.BC+; κεκλ. μέλη varied by modulation, Refs 1st c.AD+; ῥυθμὸς κεκλ. broken rhythm, Refs 3rd c.AD+; τὸ κεκλ. καὶ παντοδαπόν (i.e. τῆς λέξεως) Refs 1st c.BC+ __A.3.b of emotion, ἐκλάσθην πρὸς ἔλεον Refs 1st c.AD+
τύπτω, Refs 8th c.BC+: future τύψω Refs 4th c.AD+aorist 1 ἔτυψα, Epic dialect τύψα, Refs 8th c.BC+, but rare in Trag. and Attic dialect, as Refs 5th c.BC+: Attic dialect future τυπτήσω Refs 5th c.BC+aorist 1 ἐτύπτησα first in Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist 2 ἔτῠπον Refs 5th c.BC+; Epic dialect participle τετυπόντες Refs 3rd c.BC+perfect τέτῠφα only in Refs 2nd c.AD+:— middle, Refs 7th c.BC+: aorist 1 ἐτυψάμην Refs 5th c.BC+future (in passive sense) τυπτήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, aorist 1 ἐτύφθην Refs 1st c.AD+aorist 2 ἐτύπην [ῠ] Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect τέτυμμαι Refs 8th c.BC+, infinitive τετύφθαι Refs 5th c.BC+:—In Attic dialect and LXX the future and aorist are supplied by πατάσσω, e.g. τύπτει.. καὶ καταβάλλει πατάξας Refs 5th c.BC+; later sometimes by παίω, e.g. ὁ δὲ παίσας ἐπερωτᾷ ποτέρᾳ τετύπτηκεν Refs 2nd c.AD+; the perfect by πλήσσ; the passive partly (especially in perfect and aorist) by πλήσσω: a complete paradigm of this verb is given by Refs 4th c.AD+:—beat, strike, smite, τύπτουσιν ῥοπάλοισι (i.e. τὸν ὄνον) Refs 8th c.BC+; φασγάνῳ Refs 8th c.BC+; μάστιγι Legal cited in Refs 8th c.BC+: with a preposition, Φόρκυνα.. κατὰ γαστέρα τύψε Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐγκύμονά τις ἔτυψε κατὰ γαστρός [NT+5th c.BC+; τ. χαλκώματα beat pots and pans (to make a noise), Refs 2nd c.AD+: absolutely, strike, τύπτε δ᾽ ἐπιστροφάδην Refs 8th c.BC+; Ζέφυρος λαίλαπι τύπτων beating with fury, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 even of missiles, ἐκ χειρὸς τοῖς λίθοις τύπτοντες Refs 8th c.BC+ __3 later, sting, ὄφις υ᾽ ἔτυψε μικρός Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 metaphorically, τὸν δ᾽ ἄχος ὀξὺ κατὰ φρένα τύψε βαθεῖαν sharp grief smote him to the heart, Refs 8th c.BC+; τύπτειν τὴν συνείδησίν τινος ἀσθενοῦσαν wound his conscience, NT; of divine punishment, ἐγώ εἰμι Κύριος ὁ τύπτων LXX+NT __5 strike a coin, ἐξ ἀργύρου τυπτόμενον νόμισμα Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II middle τύπτομαι, beat, strike oneself, especially, like{κόπτομαι}, beat one's breast for grief, Refs 5th c.BC+: with accusative person, mourn for a person, Refs __III passive, to be beaten, struck, or wounded, δουρὶ τυπείς Refs 8th c.BC+; ὑπὸ δουρίRefs 8th c.BC+ __III.2 with accusative cognate, receive blows or wounds, ἕλκεα.. ὅσσ᾽ ἐτύπη Refs 8th c.BC+; τύπτομαι πολλάς (i.e. πληγάς) I get many blows, Refs 5th c.BC+
† מָחַץ vb. smite through, wound severely, shatter (poet.) (Assyrian maḫâṣu, smite, wound, DlHWB 398; Arabic مَخَضَ churn; beat or agitate the milk, etc.; Sab. מחֿץֿ DHMZMG xxx. 1876, 684; xxxvii. 1883, 338; Burgen u. Schlösser (SB. xcvii. 1881), 965 (of stone-cutter’s work), HomChrestom. 127; Ethiopic መሐጸ: );— Qal Pf. 3 ms. מ׳ Jb 26:12 + 3 times וּמָֽחֲצָה Ju 5:26 etc.; Impf. יִמְחַץ Jb 5:18 ψ 68:22; 1 s. sf. אֶמְחָצֵם ψ 18:39; וָא׳ 2 S 22:39;—smite through, sq. רֹאשׁוֹ, of Jael, Ju 5:26 (‖ הָלַם, מָחַק, חָלַף); of Isr., shattering enemies, חִצָּיו יִמ׳ Nu 24:8 (obj. om.; ‖ עַצְמֹתֵיהֶם יְגָרֵם) cf. v 17 (obj. פַּֽאֲתֵי מוֹאָב); cf. ψ 18:39 = 2 S 22:39; of י׳, smiting through or shattering his foes, ψ 110:5, their heads v 6 68:22 Hb 3:13, loins Dt 33:11; cf. Jb 26:12 obj. רַהַב, q.v.; abs., Dt 32:39 (opp. רָפָא; ‖ cl. אָמִית וַאֲחַיֶּה) cf. Jb 5:18 (opp. רָפָא, ‖ cl. יַכְאִיב וְיֶחְבָּ֑שׁ). For תִּמְחַץ (רגלך בְּדָם) ψ 68:24, read תִּרְחַץ (58:11), Ol Br Che Bae We.
† I. מָרַר vb. be bitter (NH id.; Assyrian marâru and deriv. DlHWB 427; Arabic مُرَّ become roused (of bile), ii. make bitter, iv. become bitter; مُرٌّ bitter; Ethiopic መረረ; Aramaic ܡܰܪ, מְרַר);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. מַר Is 38:17 + 2 times; 3 fs. מָ֫רָה 1 S 30:6 2 K 4:27; Impf. 3 ms. יֵמַר Is 24:9;—be bitter: 1. lit. יֵמַר שֵׁכָר לְשֹׁתָיו Is 24:9. 2. fig. מָ֫רָה נֶפֶשׁ 1 S 30:6 the soul of all the people was bitter against (עַל־); נַפְשָׁהּ מָ֫רָה־לָהּ 2 K 4:27 her soul, it is bitter to her (i.e. she is in bitter distress); impers. מַר־לִי מְאֹד מִכֶּם Ru 1:13 it is very bitter to me on your account (I am much distressed), cf. La 1:4.—לְשָׁלוֹם מַר־לִי מָ֑ר Is 38:17 is dub.; Che Comm. for (my) welfare was it (so) bitter to me, (so) bitter, cf. Brd; so De Kau (treating מר appar. as adj.); for my welfare did the bitter become bitter to me (מָ֑ר adj.); Lo Gr, cf. Buhl (sub מַר adj.), read מָר for מַר (√ מור), the bitter is changed for me into welfare; CheHpt. del. מָ֑ר; Du (after 𝔊) del. cl. as gloss. Pi. Impf. i s. אֲמָרֵר Is 22:4; 3 mpl. וַיְמָֽרֲרוּ Ex 1:14, sf. וַיְמָֽרֲרֻהוּ Gn 49:23;—make bitter, shew bitterness:— 1. וַיְמ׳ Gn 49:23 (poem) and the arches shewed bitterness (i.e. bitter hostility) toward him (sf. of indir. obj.); אֲמָרֵר בַּבֶּ֑כִי Is 22:4 I will shew bitterness in weeping (=weep bitterly). 2. וַיְמ׳ אֶת־חַיֵּיהֶם Ex 1:14 (P) and they made their lives bitter by slavery. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֵמַר Ru 1:20 Jb 27:2; Impf. 2 ms. תַּמֵּר Ex 23:21 (but read תֶּ֫מֶר √ מרה Hiph. q.v.); Inf. abs. הָמֵר Zc 12:10(×2);—make bitter, shew bitterness: 1. שַׁדַּי הֵמַר נַפְשִׁי Jb 27:2 Shadday, who hath embittered my soul; הֵמַר שַׁדַּי לִי מְאֹד Ru 1:20. 2. וְהָמֵר עָלָיו כְּהָמֵר עַל־הַבְּכוֹר Zc 12:10(×2) and a bitter outcry (=lit. shewing bitterness; ‖ מִסְפֵּד, סָפַד) over him, like a bitter outcry over the first-born. Hithpalp. Impf. וְיִתְמַרְמַר Dn 11:11 and the king of the south shall embitter himself (be enraged); וַיִּתְמ׳ אֶל־ 8:7 and he was enraged against.
† [פָּגַשׁ] vb. meet, encounter (syn. פָּגַע);— Qal Pf. 1 s. פָּגָ֑שְׁתִּי Gn 33:8; 3 pl. consec. וּפָֽגְשׁוּ Is 34:14; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יִפְֿגָֽשְׁךָ֫ Gn 32:18 (Gi; Baer יִפְגָֽשְׁךָ֫; van d. H. יִֽפְגָּֽשְׁךָ֫), וַיִּפְגְּשֵׁהוּ Ex 4:24, 27; 3 fs. וַתִּפְגֹשׁ 1 S 25:20 (read prob. וַתִּפְגֹּשׁ Ges§ 47 k, cf. van d. H.), etc.; Inf. abs. פָּגוֹש Pr 17:12; cstr. פְּגשׁ Je 41:6;—meet, c. acc. Gn 33:8 1 S 25:20 Is 34:14 Je 41:6, so c. sf. Gn 32:18 Ex 4:24, 27 2 S 2:13; meet, encounter, of bear, c. ב pers. Pr 17:12, of י׳ (like a bear) Ho 13:8 (c. sf. pers.). Niph. meet together, each other, Pf. 3 pl. נִפְגָּ֑שׁוּ Pr 22:2; 29:13, fig. of חֶסֶד וֶאֱמֶת ψ 85:11. Pi. intens. Impf. 3 mpl. יְפַגְּשׁוּ חֹשֶׁךְ Jb 5:14 they keep encountering darkness in the daytime.
[קָצַץ] vb. cut off (NH id., also קֵץ end; Assyrian ḳaṣâṣu, hew off, cut off, kiṣṣatu, boundry-stone, Belser BAS ii. 120, 139, cf. Hilpr Assyriaca i. 12; Arabic قَصَّ cut, clip, cut off; Aramaic קְצַץ, ܩܨܶܨ cut off, קִיצָּא, ܩܶܨܳܐ end);— Qal Pf. 2 ms. consec. וְקַצֹּתָה Dt 25:12 (acc. כַּפָּהּ); Pt. pass. pl. cstr. קְצוּצֵי פֵאָה Je 9:25; 25:23; 49:32 (v. פֵּאָה 1). Pi. Pf. 3 ms. קִצֵּץ ψ 129:4, וְק׳ consec. Ex 39:3 ψ 46:10, קִצַּץ 2 K 18:16; Impf. וַיְקַצֵּץ 16:17 +, etc.;—cut or hew off, thumbs, toes, Ju 1:6, hands and feet 2 S 4:12; cut in two, spear (חֲנִית) ψ 46:10, threads Ex 39:3 (P), cords ψ 129:4 (fig.); cut in pieces, vessels (of gold) 2 K 24:13 2 Ch 28:24; bases (הַמְּכֹנוֹת) 2 K 16:17 (so Kit Benz, transposing הַמִּסְגְּרוֹת), doors 2 K 18:16 (both, for the sake of metal sheathing). Pu. Pt. pl. מְקֻצָּצִים Ju 1:7 hewn off (as v 6 supr.).
† [אָרַג] vb. weave (Mish. id. cf. Ph. ארג weaver)— Qal Impf. 2 fs. תַּאַרְגִי Ju 16:13, 3 mpl. יֶאֱרֹ֑גוּ Is 59:5; Pt. אֹרֵג Ex 28:32 + 4 times; pl. אֹרְגִים Is 19:9 + 5 times; אֹרְגוֹת 2 K 23:7;—weave cloth, etc. Is 19:9 (in Egypt) 2 K 23:7, Samson’s locks Ju 16:13; metaph. weave spider’s web = intrigue Is 59:5; most often Pt. used as subst. = weaver Is 38:12; work of the weaver מעשׂה א׳ Ex 28:32; 39:22, 27 cf. 35:35; weavers’ beam (pl.) מְנוֹר א׳ 1 S 17:7; 2 S 21:19 1 Ch 11:23; 20:5 (sim. of huge spear-shaft)—cf. also sub יִתְנָ֑ן" dir="rtl" >יַעֲרֵי ארגים.
† גָּזַר vb. cut, divide (Arabic جَزَرَ, NH גָּזַר cut, determine, circumcise; Ethiopic ገዘረ Aramaic גְּזַר, ܓܙܰܪ )— Qal Pf. גָּזַר Hb 3:17; Impf. וַיִּגְזֹר Is 9:19; 2 ms. תִּגְזַר Jb 22:28; וַיִּגְזְרוּ 2 K 6:4; Pt. act. גֹּזֵר ψ 136:13;— 1. divide, cut in two, sq. acc. 1 K 3:25 (ג׳ לִשְׁנָ֑יִם) cf. v 26 (obj. not expressed). 2. divide the Red Sea (acc.) ψ 136:13 sq. לִגְזָרִים. 3. cut down הָעֵצִים 2 K 6:4. 4. cut off (piece of meat to eat, but obj. not expr. ‖ אכל) Is 9:19. 5. cut off, i.e. destroy, exterminate Hb 3:17 (c. acc.; indef. subj.), sq. מִן loc. 6. decree (Aramaism, cf. Biblical Aramaic) Jb 22:28 c. acc. Niph. Pf. נִגְזַר 2 Ch 26:21; Est 2:1, נִגְזָ֑רְתִּי La 3:54, נִגֳז֑רוּ ψ 88:6, נִגְזַרְנוּ Ez 37:11; Is 53:8;— 1. be cut off, separated, excluded from (מִן) temple 2 Ch 26:21, from (מִן) Yahweh’s hand ψ 88:6 (of the slain), from (מִן) the land of the living Is 53:8 (of the suffering servant of י׳). 2. be cut off = destroyed La 3:54; Ez 37:11. 3. be decreed, Est 2:1 sq. עַל against (cf. Qal 6).
† [דָּקַק] vb. crush, pulverise, thresh; be fine (Arabic دَقَّ be or become thin, minute; Ethiopic ደቀቀ Assyrian daḳâḳu Pa. break in pieces COTGloss; Ph. דק id., Aramaic דַּקֵּק Pa. id., ܕܰܩ )— Qal Pf. 3 ms. דַּק Dt 9:21, דָּ֑ק Ex 32:20; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יְדֻקֶּ֑נּוּ Is 28:28; 2 ms. תָּדֹק Is 41:15;— 1. crush (trans.) sq. acc. לֶחֶם bread-stuff, corn Is 28:28; of threshing ‖ דּוּשׁ Is 41:15 (fig. of pulverizing mts.) 2. only Pf.; be fine, of state to wh. Moses reduced the golden calf by grinding וַיִּטְחַן עַד אֲשֶׁר־דָּ֑ק Ex 32:20; וָאֶכֹּת אֹתוֹ טָחוֹן הֵיטֵב עַד אֲשֶׁר־דַּק לְעָפָר Dt 9:21. Hiph. Pf. הֵדַק 2 K 23:15; 2 Ch 34:4; 2 fs. וַהֲדִקּוֹת consec. Mi 4:13; Impf. וַיָּ֫דֶק 2 K 23:6; 2 Ch 15:16; 1 s. sf. אֲדִקֵּם 2 S 22:43 (but אֲרִיקֵם ‖ ψ 18:43); Inf. abs. הָדֵק Ex 30:36; cstr. לְהֵדַק 2 Ch 34:7 (form anomalous cf. Ew§ 238 d Ol§ 258 b Be; read perhaps לְהָדֵק Ki; or לָדַק [v. כַּדַּק Is 40:15] cf. Öt);—make dust of, pulverize וַיָּ֫דֶק לְעָפָר 2 K 23:6 (i.e. the Ashera), ‖ 2 Ch 34:4, 7 (כִּתַּת לְהֵדַק); so of the bamah הֵדַק לְעָפָר 2 K 23:15; of the מִפְלֶצֶת 2 Ch 15:16; fig. Mi 4:13 (obj. עַמִּים רַבִּים); Ex 30:36 (P) has וְשָׁחַקְתָּ֫ מִמֶּנָּה הָדֵק and thou shalt beat some of it fine i.e. the incense); 2 S 22:43 read אֲרִיקֵם (‖ ψ 18:43) for אֲדִקֵּם (v. ריק). Hoph. Impf. יוּדָ֑ק Is 28:28 be crushed, subj. לֶחֶם bread corn (cf. supr. Qal);—on sense cf. Che Di.
† [חָבַק] vb. clasp, embrace (NH id.; 𝔗 חַבֵּקֹ; Mand.. ܚܒܰܩ, NSyr. ܚܦܩ; Arabic حَبَقَ ii. collect one’s possessions, etc., Frey)— Qal Inf. לַחֲבוֹק Ec 3:5; Pt. חֹבֵק Ec 4:5; חֹבֶקֶת 2 K 4:16;—embrace, c. acc. בֵּן 2 K 4:16; יָדָיו Ec 4:5 (said of הַכְּסִיל = fold his arms, i.e. be idle; cf. חִבֻּק); no obj. expr. Ec 3:5 (‖ Pi). Pi. Pf. חִבְּקוּ Jb 24:8 La 4:5; Impf. וַיְחַבֵּק Gn 48:10; וַיְחַבֶּק־ Gn 29:13; וַיְחַבְּקֵהוּ Gn 33:4; 3 fs. sf. תְּחַבְּקֵ֫נִי Ct 2:6; 8:3; 2 ms. וּתְחַבֵּק Pr 5:20, sf. תְּחַבְּקֶ֫נָּה Pr 4:8; Inf. חַבֵּק Ec 3:5;—embrace of pers., no obj. עת לִרְחֹק מֵחַבֵּק Ec 3:5 (‖ Qal); sq. לְ Gn 29:13 (J), 48:10 (E); sq. sf. 33:4 (J), Pr 4:8 Ct 2:6; 8:3; c. acc. Pr 5:20; embrace צוּר for want of shelter Jb 24:8 (of poor); embrace refuse-heaps אשׁפתות La 4:5, i.e. are outcasts.
[מַד] n.m. 1 S 4:12 measure, also cloth garment (as extended, wide);—sf. מַדּוֹ ψ 109:18; מִדּוֹ Lv 6:3 2 S 20:8 (מִדָּהּ Jb 11:9, v. sub מִדָּה); pl. מִדִּין Ju 5:10 (v. infr.), 2 S 21:20 Kt (Qr מָדוֹן; read perhaps מִדָּה, v. 1 Ch 20:6, cf. Dr); sf. מִדַּיִךְ Je 13:25; מַדָּיו 1 S 4:12 + 4 times;— 1. measure (only pl.) = apportionment Je 13:25, מְנָֽת־מִדַּיִךְ (of lot of Judah, ‖ גּוֹרָל); cf. lit. 2 S 21:20 Kt (but v. מִדָּה). 2. perhaps cloth, carpet (for sitting on), Ju 5:10 (so most, conj. from context; on pl. in ן, v. Ges§ 87 e). 3. garment, outer garment Ju 3:16; 1 S 4:12, cf. (sim.) ψ 109:18; of fighting-attire 1 S 17:38 (c. vb. הִלְבִּשׁ), v 39 18:4; 2 S 20:8 (‖ לְבוּשׁ); of priest’s garment וְלָבַשׁ הַכֹּהֵן מִדּוֹ בַד Lv 6:3; cf. [מַדּוּעַ²" dir="rtl" >מָדוּ, מַדְוֶה²" dir="rtl" >מַדְוֶה] sub מדה" dir="rtl" >מדה.
† I. [עָלַל] vb. Poʿēl, act arbitrarily (toward) (NH id., deal with (rare), and deriv.; Arabic عَلَّ do a thing (drink, beat, give) a second time, ii. divert, occupy, v. divert, occupy oneself with (food, a woman, etc.); Syriac ܥܶܠܬܳܐ cause, occasion, affair);—act severely, always c. ל pers.: Pf. 2 ms. עוֹלַלְתָּ לִי La 1:22 as thou hast acted severely to me (in punishment, subj. י׳); לְמִי ע׳ 2:20 to whom hast thou acted thus severely? 3 fs. עֵינִי עוֹלְלָה לְנַפְשִׁי 3:51 my eye deals severely with me, i.e. gives me pain (?; text dub.; cf. PerlesAnal. 18 Bu). Imv. ms. עוֹלֵל לָמוֹ La 1:22 deal severely with them.—Vid. also ע׳ denom. infr. Pōʿal Pf. 3 ms. מַכְאֹבִי אֲשֶׁר עוֹלַל לִי La 1:12 my pain which is severely dealt out to me. Hithpa. Pf. 1. busy, divert oneself with (cf. Arabic v.), always c. ב pers.: 1 s. אֶת־אֲשֶׁר הִתְעַלַּלְתִּי בְּ׳ Ex 10:2 (J) how I [י׳] have made a toy of Egypt; especially deal wantonly, ruthlessly with (ב pers.): 3 ms. הִתְעַלֵּל 1 S 6:6; 2 fs. הִתְעַלַּלְתְּ Nu 22:29 (JE; Balaam’s ass); 3 pl. וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ consec. 1 S 31:4 = 1 Ch 10:4; Je 38:19; Impf. 3 mpl. וַיִּתְעַלְּלוּ־בָהּ Ju 19:25 (of abusing a woman; ‖ וַיֵּדְעוּ אֹתָהּ). Hithpōʿ. Inf. cstr. לְהִתְעוֹלֵל עֲלִלוֹת ψ 141:4 to practise practice in wickedness (perhaps denom.).
† [שָׁלַם] vb. denom. be in covenant of peace;— Qal Imv. שְׁלָ֑ם Jb 22:21 be at peace (in covt.); Pt. sf. שׁוֹלְמִי ψ 7:5 i.e. my ally, friend (cf. 41:10); Pt. pass. cstr. שְׁלֻמֵי 2 S 20:19, read שָׂמוּ EwG iii.264 Ges 130 f.N.4 Dr (cf. We). Pu. Pt. מְשֻׁלָּם Is 42:19 one in covt. of peace (with י׳; but 𝔊 משְׁלָם their ruler, so CheHpt; Ges Hi Ew al. one resigned (to God), read then מָשְׁלָם, cf. √, Arabic iv.; Kroch Grä Marti מְשֻׁלָּחִי). Hiph. Pf. 3 fs. הִשְׁלִ֫ימָה Jos 10:4; 11:19; 3 mpl. הִשְׁלִ֫ימוּ 10:1; Impf. יַשְׁלִים Is 44:26 +, יַשְׁלִם Pr 16:7; וַיַּשְׁלֵם 1 K 22:45, etc.;— 1. make peace with, אֶת, Jos 10:1, 4; 2 S 10:19 = 1 Ch 19:19 (עִם); עִם Dt 20:12 1 K 22:45; c. אֶל pregn. Jos 11:19 submitting unto. 2. cause to be at peace, אֶת, Pr 16:7. Hoph. Pf. 3 fs. הָשְׁלְמָה Jb 5:23 live in peace with, לְ (‖ ברית).
† תַּ֫עַר n.m. ψ 52:4 and (Is 7:20) f. razor, sheath;— 1. a. razor, abs. יְגַלַּח בְּת׳ Is 7:20 (fig.); subj. of לֹא יַעֲבֹר עַל־רֹאשׁ Nu 6:5, obj. of הֶעֱבִיר עַל־ 8:7 (P), cf. cstr. ת׳ הַגַּלָּבִים Ez 5:1; abs. כְּת׳ מְלֻטָּשׁ ψ 52:4 (sim. of tongue). b. cstr. ת׳ הַסֹּפֵר Je 36:23 = penknife. 2. sheath, always sf. of sword: בְּתַעְרָהּ 2 S 20:8; of drawing sword, שָׁלַף מִתּ׳ 1 S 17:51, הוֹצַיא מִתּ׳ Ez 21:8, 10, תֵּצֵא מִתּ׳ v 9; of sheathing, הֵאָֽסְפִי אֶל־תַּעְרֵךְ Je 47:6; הָשַׁב אֶל־תַּעְרָהּ Ez 21:35.
πῐέζω, imperfect ἐπίεζον, Epic dialect πίεζον Refs 8th c.BC+: future πιέσω Refs 4th c.BC+; Epic dialect πιέσσω Refs 4th c.AD+: aorist ἐπίεσα Refs 5th c.BC+ (but subjunctive πιέξῃς Refs 5th c.BC+, infinitive πιέξαι Refs 4th c.BC+participle πιέξας (variant{πιάξας}) Refs 2nd c.BC+: perfect πεπίεκα Refs 2nd c.BC+:—passive, future πιεσθήσομαι Refs 2nd c.AD+ (δια-), Heliod cited in Refs 4th c.AD+: aorist ἐπιέσθην Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect πεπίεσμαι Refs 5th c.BC+—From πῐεζέω we have πιεζέουσι variant in Refsimperfect πιέζευν variant in Refs 8th c.BC+; participle πιεζεῦντα Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, participle πιεζεύμενος Refs 5th c.BC+ (always with variant -όμενος), Refs 5th c.BC+: imperfect ἐπιεζοῦντο Refs 2nd c.BC+; so in later Gr., as Refs 1st c.AD+; Doric dialect, Aeolic dialect, and later Gr. πῐάζω Refs 7th c.BC+: aorist 1 ἐπίᾰσα LXX+NT+3rd c.BC+passive, future πιασθήσομαι LXX: aorist ἐπιάσθην NT: perfect πεπίασμαι Refs 1st c.BC+:—press tight, squeeze, χειρὶ ἑλὼν ἐπίεζε βραχίονα Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀστεμφέως ἐχέμεν μᾶλλόν τε π. Refs 8th c.BC+; π. τὰ χείλεα compress them, Refs 5th c.BC+; ῥύγχος εἰς ὄξος π. Refs 4th c.BC+; π. τοὺς ὑπευθύνους squeezing them (like figs), to try if they are ripe, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be pressed tight, ἐν δεσμοῖς Refs 8th c.BC+; of wrestlers, Refs 1st c.AD+; πιέζεται ὅσα πόρους ἔχει κενούς are compressible, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II press or weigh down, of a heavy weight, Σικελία αὐτοῦ π. στέρνα Refs 5th c.BC+:—and in passive, ὁ δ᾽ ὦμος.. πιέζεται Refs 5th c.BC+: metaphorically, oppress, distress, π. τινὰ ἡ δαπάνη Refs 5th c.BC+; συμφορὰ δ᾽ἑτέρους ἑτέρα π. Refs 5th c.BC+; π. ἡ ἀνάγκηRefs 5th c.BC+:—frequently in passive, ὑπὸ νούσοισι Refs 6th c.BC+; of a river, to be exhausted from the heat of the sun, Refs __II.2 press hard, of a victorious army, τοὺς ἐναντίους Refs —passive, τὴν πιεζομένην μάλιστα τῶν μοιρέωνRefs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 bear hardly upon, τινα Refs 5th c.BC+; of a point in the argument, hold fast to, Refs 5th c.BC+; press it, Refs 2nd c.BC+ [same place], etc.; lay stress on, Refs 1st c.AD+: with dative, insist upon, τοῖσι περιπάτοισι Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3.b determine precisely, ἀποστήματα Refs 5th c.AD+; π. δεῖ πῶς ἓν ἐκεῖνο καὶ ἕτερον Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II.4 repress, stifle, ἐν θυμῷ χόλον Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 outweigh, τἀγαθῷ τὸ δυστυχές Refs 5th c.BC+ __III later, lay hold of, ταῦρον.. πιάξας τᾶς ὁπλᾶς by the hoof, NT+3rd c.BC+
† [בּוּס] vb. tread down, trample— Qal Impf. יָבוּס ψ 60:14 = 108:14; 3 fs. תָּבוּס Pr 27:7, אָבוּס Is 63:6; sf. 3 s. אֲבוּסֶנּוּ Is 14:25; 1 pl. נָבוּס ψ 44:6;—tread down, trample (of warriors), no obj. expr. Zc 10:5; id., fig. c. acc. (subj. י׳, as warrior) Is 14:25 cf. ψ 60:14 = 108:14 Is 63:6; (subj. men, with God’s help) ψ 44:6; fig. = reject, loathe Pr 27:7. Poʿl. Pf. בּוֹסְסוּ Is 63:18; בֹּסְסוּ Je 12:10—tread down, in bad sense, subj. enemies of י׳, obj. acc. Je 12:10 (in metaph.): = desecrate (obj. מקדשׁ) Is 63:18. Hithpoʿl. Pt. f. מִתְבּוֹסֶסֶת Ez 16:6, 22—of the blind movements of infant’s limbs, kick out (this way and that), fig. of Jerusalem. Hoph. Pt. מוּרָ֑ס Is 14:19—pass. trodden down Is 14:19, of corpse, sim. of king of Babylon.
† I. חָרַץ vb. cut, sharpen, decide (NH id., cut in, decide, Aramaic in deriv.; Assyrian ḫarâṣu, dig, decide, ḫariṣu, trench, ZehnpfundBAS i. 502; Ph. חרץ decision, HoffmAGG xxxvi. May 1889, 11)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ח׳ Jos 10:21; חָרָ֑צְתָּ 1 K 20:40; Impf. יֶחֱרַץ־ Ex 11:7; 2 ms. תֶּחֱרָ֑ץ 2 S 5:24; Pt. pass. חָרוּץ Is 10:22 Lv 22:22; pl. חֲרוּצִים Jb 14:5 (v. also חָרוּץ infr.)— 1. cut, mutilate Lv 22:22 (עַוֶּרֶת אוֹ שָׁבוּר אוֹ־חָרוּץ אוֹ יַבֶּלֶת). 2. sharpen, fig. the tongue, לֹא יֶח׳־כֶּלֶב לְשֹׁנוֹ לְ Ex 11:7 (J), i.e. utter no sound against Isr., Jos 10:21. 3. decide 1 K 20:40 (abs.); so pt. pass. חרוצים ימיו Jb 14:5 his days are determined, fixed (‖ מִסְפַּר חדשׁיו), Is 10:22 כִּלָּיוֹן ח׳; act with decision 2 S 5:24. Niph. Pt. נֶחֱרָצָה Is 10:23 + 3 times; נֶחֱרֶצֶת Dn 9:26 (both these forms inf. cstr. according to BaNB 90); decisive כָּלָה וְנֶח׳ Is 10:23; 28:22 Dn 9:27 a consumption and strict decision (i.e. that which is strictly determined), כי נ׳ נֶעֱשָׂ֑תָה Dn 11:36; נח׳ שֹׁמֵמוֹת Dn 9:26 strict determining of desolation.
† I. [לָוָה] join (intr.), be joined (NH Pi. לִוָּה (ליוה) trans., Hithp. intr.; Aramaic לַוֵּי accompany; so ܠܘܳܐ; BAES 12 comp. Arabic وَلِىَ be near);—Qal (late) Impf. 3 ms. sf. יִלְוֶנּוּ. Ec 8:15, be joined to, attend (of mirth). Niph. נִלְוָה ψ 83:9 Is 14:1; 3 mpl. consec. וְנִלְווּ Nu 18:4 + 2 times, + Je 50:5 (GesLbg Bö Köi. 588 Gf Gie; >Imv. Ki Ew§ 226 c Ol§ 264); Impf. יִלָּוֶה Gn 29:34; יִלָּווּ Nu 18:2; Pt. נִלְוָה Is 56:3 (pointed as Pf., read prob. נִלְוֶח); pl. נִלְוִים Est 9:27; Is 56:6;—join oneself or be joined unto, sq. עַל Nu 18:2, 4 (מַטֵה לֵנִי to Aaron, by word-play), Is 14:1 (strangers to Isr.), Dn 11:34 (flatterers to the people), cf. Est 9:27; Is 56:6 (to י׳); sq. אֶל־ Is 56:3 (to י׳), Zc 2:15 (to י׳), Je 50:5 (to י׳), Gn 29:34 (J; husband to wife); sq. עִם ψ 83:9 (Aasshur with enemies of Isr.)
† מִצְנֶ֫פֶת n.f. turban of high priest;—abs. מ׳ Ez 21:31, מִצְנָ֑פֶת Ex 28:37; 29:6; cstr. מִצְנֶ֫פֶת Lv 16:4;—turban of linen Ex 28:4, 37(×2), 39; 29:6(×2); 39:28, 31; Lv 8:9(×2); 16:4; sign of royalty Ez 21:31.
† רִקְמָה n.f. variegated stuff (woven or embroidered);—abs. ר׳ Ju 5:30 +; sf. רִקְמָתֵךְ Ez 16:18, -תָם 26:16; du. רִקְמָתַיִם Ju 5:30; pl. רְקָמוֹת ψ 45:15;—(piece of) variegated stuff, Ju 5:30(×2), for garments Ez 16:10, 13; 27:16, 24 ψ 45:15; explicitly, בִּגְדֵי ר׳ Ez 16:18; 26:16; ר׳ appar. = variegated work 27:7; fig. of variegated plumage 17:3; of variegated stone 1 Ch 29:2.
σχίζω, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.: poetry imperfect σχίζον Refs 5th c.BC+: future σχίσω LXX: aorist ἔσχισα Refs 8th c.BC+, Epic dialect σχίσσα Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, future σχισθήσομαι LXXperfect ἔσχισμαι (see. below):—split, cleave, ῥινὸν ὀνύχεσσι Refs 8th c.BC+; ἔσχισε δώδεκα μοίρας, i.e. divided them into twelve parts, Refs[same place]; σ. νῶτον γᾶς, of the plough, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially of wood, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the wind, σ. περὶ πρῷραν τὰ κύματα Refs 4th c.BC+; ἔσχισε νῆα θάλασσα shattered it, Refs 1st c.BC+; σ. ὑποδήματα cut out, opposed to νευρορραφεῖν, Refs 5th c.BC+; tear, ἱμάτιον Refs 3rd c.AD+; οἱ ἀποθανόντες ἐσχισμένοις ἐνειλοῦνται ῥάκεσιν ὡς καὶ τὰ βρέφη Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 generally, part, separate, divide, Νεῖλος μέσην Αἴγυπτον σχίζων Hdt.[same place],Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. τὰς φλέβας divide them, Refs:—passive, σχισθέντα Refs 5th c.BC+; Νεῖλος σχίζεται τριφασίας ὁδούς branches into three channels, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ στρατιὴ ἐσχίζετο the army divided, Refs; of a bird's wings (compare σχιζόπτερος), Refs 4th c.BC+; of feet divided into toes (compare σχιζόπους), Refs; and of various parts of the body,Refs; branch off, ἀπὸ [τοῦ στελέχους] Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 σχίζειν γάλα make milk curdle, i. e. separate the whey from the curds, Refs __II metaphorically of divided opinions, σφεων ἐσχίζοντο αἱ γνῶμαι Refs 5th c.BC+. (Cf. Latin scindo, Gothic skaidan 'separate', etc.)
χῐτών, in Ionic dialectProse κῐθών, ῶνος, ὁ (also probably in Refs, Doric dialect κῐτών (which see):— garment worn next the skin, tunic. __I in early times, only of a man's tunic (the woman's being πέπλος, Refs 8th c.BC+: sometimes with a girdle, Refs 8th c.BC+; μαλακός, ἐΰννητος, Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.2 later worn also by women, ἅμα κιθῶνι ἐκδυομένῳ συνεκδύεται καὶ τὴν αἰδῶ γυνή Refs 5th c.BC+; the Ionian sleeved χ. was distinguished fr the Dorian, fastened with περόναι, μετέβαλον [αἱ τῶν Ἀθηναίων γυναῖκες] ἐς τὸν λίνεον κ. ἵνα δὴ περόνῃσι μὴ χρέωνται Refs 5th c.BC+; χ. ποδήρης, ὀρθοστάδιος, στατός (see entry); κιθὼν ποδηνεκής, worn by Babylonians, Refs 5th c.BC+; κιθῶνες λίνεοι περὶ τὰ σκέλεα θυσανωτοί, worn by Egyptians, Refs; κιθῶνες εἰρίνεοι, worn by Cilicians, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II coat of mail, probably of leather covered with scales or rings, στρεπτὸς χ. Refs 8th c.BC+; κιθῶνες χειριδωτοὶ λεπίδος σιδηρέης coats of iron scales with sleeves, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III part of a shoe that coats the foot, upper, Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV metaphorically, any coat, case, or covering, λάϊνος χιτών (see. λάϊνος) τειχέων κιθῶνες, i. e. walls, Refs 5th c.BC+; in Anatomy, coat, membrane, τὸν ἀμφὶ τὴν ὄψιν χ. Refs 5th c.BC+; χ. ὑμενώδης, ἀραχνιώδης, Refs; of foetal membranes, Refs 2nd c.AD+; τριγλοφόροι χιτῶνες, of fishing-nets, Refs 1st c.BC+; χιτῶνες ἀραχνίων spiders' webs, Refs 5th c.BC+: plural, pods or coats of seeds, bulbous roots, etc., Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV.2 vesture, [φύσις] σαρκῶν ἀλλογνῶτι περιστέλλουσα (i.e. ψυχάς) χιτῶνι Refs 5th c.BC+ of the soul, Refs 5th c.AD+. (Accad. kitinnu 'linen garment', Hebrew kètōnet 'tunic'; χεθὼν γὰρ τὸ λίνον ἡμεῖς καλοῦμεν Refs 1st c.AD+
χράω. __BRefs 4th c.BC+ FORMS: contraction χρῇ Refs 5th c.BC+, Ionic dialect χρᾷ Refs 5th c.BC+; infinitive χρᾶν Refs 5th c.BC+; Ionic dialect participle χρέων Refs 5th c.BC+; Epic dialect χρείων Refs 8th c.BC+: imperfect ἔχραον Refs 5th c.BC+; 3rd.pers. singular ἔχρη Refs 7th c.BC+: future χρήσω Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἔχρησα Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, aorist ἐχρήσθην Refs, etc.: perfect κέχρησμαι (variant{κέχρημαι}) Refs: pluperfect ἐκέχρηστο (variant{ἐκέχρητο}) Refs:—middle, χρῶμαι Refs 5th c.BC+, Ionic dialect χρέομαι Refs 5th c.BC+, infinitive χρέεσθαι Refs; participle χρεώμενος Refsimperfect 3rd.pers. plural ἐχρέωντο (variant{ἐχρέοντο}) Refs: future χρήσομαι Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.I in active of the gods and their oracles, proclaim, absolutely, χρείων μυθήσατο Φοῖβος Refs 6th c.BC+; χρῆσεν οἰκιστῆρα Βάττον proclaimed him the colonizer, Refs 5th c.BC+; also in Trag., ὁ χρήσας Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, warn or direct by oracle, ἔχρησας ὥστε τὸν ξένον μητροκτονεῖν Refs 4th c.BC+; χρήσαντ᾽ ἐμοὶ.. ἐκτὸς αἰτίας κακῆς εἶναι that I should be.., Refs; with infinitive aorist, Refs 5th c.BC+: rare in Attic dialect Prose, τάδε ὁ Ἀπόλλων ἔχρησεν Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ θεὸς ἔχρησε Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.II passive, to be declared, proclaimed by an oracle, τίς οὖν ἐχρήσθ; Refs 5th c.BC+; mostly of the oracle delivered, τὰ ἐκ Δελφῶν οὕτω τῷ Κροίσῳ ἐχρήσθη Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ χρησθέν, τὰ χρησθέντα, the response, Refs 5th c.BC+; χρησθὲν αὐτῷ ἐν Νεμέᾳ τοῦτο παθεῖν since it was foretold him by an oracle that.. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἃ τοῦδ᾽ ἐχρήσθη σώματος which were declared about it, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ κακοῦ τοῦ κεχρησμένου Refsinfinitive, καί σφι ἐχρήσθη ἀνέμοισι εὔχεσθαιRefs: with accusative et infinitive, ἐκέχρηστό σφι.. τοῦτον βασιλεύσειν Refs; with infinitive aorist, Refs __B.III middle, of the person to whom the response is given, consult a god or oracle, with dative, ψυχῇ χρησόμενος Θηβαίου Τειρεσίαο Refs 8th c.BC+; χ. θεῷ, χρηστηρίοισι, μαντηΐῳ, Refs 5th c.BC+; χ. χρηστηρίῳ εἰ.. inquire at the oracle whether.., Refs 8th c.BC+; οἱ χρώμενοι the consulters, Refs 5th c.BC+; κεχρημένος having inquired of an oracle, Refs 4th c.BC+infinitive, σωφρονεῖν κεχρημένον being divinely warned to be temperate, Refs 4th c.BC+: later simply, receive a divine revelation, Refs 8th c.BC+ has the word in this sense only in Refs 8th c.BC+active only in present participle χρείων (future χρήσω Refsmiddle only in participle future χρησόμενος. __B furnish with a thing, in which sense the present was κίχρημι, Refs 4th c.BC+; Cretan dialect 3rd.pers. singular κίγχρητι Refs 2nd c.BC+; Delph. 3rd.pers. singular present subjunctive κιχρῇ Refs 4th c.BC+aorist χρέηRefs; present participle κιχρέντε Refsχρηννύναι, χρηννύω, Refs 4th c.BC+: middle, χρηννυόμεθα Refs 3rd c.BC+: future χρήσω Refs 5th c.BC+aorist ἔχρησαRefs 5th c.BC+ (3rd.pers. singular written ἔκχρησεν Refs; imperative χρῆσον Refs 5th c.BC+ Comedy texts 205: perfect κέχρηκα Refs 4th c.BC+: pluperfect ἐκεχρήκει Refs 2nd c.AD+ —passive, perfect κέχρημαι (δια-) Refs 4th c.BC+:—middle, present κίχρᾰμαι Refs 1st c.AD+; infinitive κίχρασθαι Refs 4th c.BC+: imperfect ἐκιχράμηνRefs: aorist ἐχρησάμην, imperative χρῆσαι Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.:—furnish the use of a thing, i.e. lend, usually in a friendly way, δανείζω being the word applied to usurers (but χ. ={δανείζω} in LXX+5th c.BC+; χ. τὰν χέρα, in the formula of manumission, Refs:—middle, borrow, τι Refs 5th c.BC+; πόδας χρήσας, ὄμματα χρησάμενος having lent feet and borrowed eyes, of a blind man carrying a lame one, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II ={χρηματίζω}Refs
† [הָדַף] vb. thrust, push, drive (הֲדַף in 𝔗; Arabic هَدَفَ is ingressus ad aliquem fuit, propinquus fuit, also of time prope accessit)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. sf. הֲדָפוֹ Nu 35:22 Je 46:15; 1 s. sf. וַהֲדַפְתִּיךָ consec. Is 22:19; Impf. 3 ms. יֶהְדֹּף Pr 10:3; sf. 3 ms. יֶהְדֳּפֶנּוּ Nu 35:20; sf. 3 mpl. יֶהְדֳּפֵם Jos 23:5; 3 mpl. sf. יֶהְדְּפֻהוּ Jb 18:18; 2 mpl. תֶּהְדֹּ֑פוּ Ez 34:21; Inf. הֲדֹף Dt 6:19; 9:4; sf. הָדְפָהּ 2 K 4:27;— 1. thrust, push, subj. man, sq. acc. Nu 35:20, 22 (here fatally); subj. cattle, fig. of men, Ez 34:21 (instr. בְּכָתֵף; ‖ נָגַח); push away 2 K 4:27 (Gehazi, the Shunammite); thrust away (from oneself) fig. = reject, הַוַּת רְשָׁעִים Pr 10:3 (subj. י׳). 2. thrust out, drive out, sq. מִן of place whence & acc. pers.; of י׳ driving out enemies of Isr. from Canaan Dt 6:19; 9:4 Jos 23:5; cf. also indef. subj. יֶהְדְּפֻהוּ מֵאוֹר אֶל־חֹשֶׁךְ Jb 18:18 (‖ וּמִתֵּבֵל יְנִדֻּהוּ); & Je 46:15 (where no pl. whence). Hence 3. = depose Is 22:19 of י׳ deposing Shebna (sq. מִן of station).
† חָשַׂף vb. strip off, strip, make bare— Qal Pf. חָשַׂף Is 52:10, חֲשָׂפָהּ Jo 1:7, חָשַׂפְתִּי Je 13:26; 49:10; Impf. וַיֶּחֱשֹׂף ψ 29:9; Imv. fs. חֶשְׂפִּי־ Is 47:2; Inf. abs. חָשׂף Jo 1:7; cstr. לַחְשֹׂף Is 30:14 Hg 2:16; Pt. pass. חֲשׂוּפָה Ez 4:7, חֲשׂוּפַי Is 20:4 (pl. cstr.? cf. infr.).— 1. strip off, expose oneself by removing (obj. שֹׁבֶל, flowing skirt, train) Is 47:2 of Babylon, personified as queen (‖ גַּלִּי שׁוֹק), ח׳ שׁוּלַיִךְ עַל־פָּנַיִךְ Je 13:26. 2. strip, lay bare, fig. of י׳ Is 52:10 obj. זְרוֹעַ קדשׁו; of prophet, Ez 4:7 (but Co del. v. as interpol.); obj. pers. Je 49:10 (‖ גִּלֵּיתִי); חָשׂף חשׂפהּ Jo 1:7 of locusts stripping fig-tree; חֲשׂוּפַי שֵׁת Is 20:4 (pt. either sg. coll., with formative ending ַי, De LagSe i, 19 (cf. 69), BN 192; or pl. cstr., v. Ges§ 87, 1 c.); ח׳ יְעָרוֹת ψ 29:9 of voice of י׳ (i.e. a storm) stripping forests. 3. draw (water) Is 30:14; (wine) Hg 2:16; properly take from the surface, skim.
† [כָּנַס] vb. gather, collect (NH id. brought in; Aramaic כְּנַס (v. כנשׁ); Ethiopic ከነሰ in der. conj. assemble for worship, etc.; Arabic كَنَسَ is sweep, sweep away, destroy)— Qal (late) Pf. 1 s. כָּנַסְתִּי Ec 2:8; Imv. כְּנוֹס Est 4:16; Inf. cstr. 1 Ch 22:2 + 3 times; Pt. כֹּנֵס ψ 33:7;—gather people 1 Ch 22:2 Est 4:16; כ׳ כַּנֵּד מֵי הַיָּ֑ם נֹתֵן בְּאוֹצָרוֹת תְּהוֹמוֹת ψ 33:7 (read perhaps, for כַּנֵּד, כַּנֹּאד as in a wine skin, v. נאד, נד); gather, collect portions of harvest for priests and Levites Ne 12:44; stones Ec 3:5 (opp. השׁליך); silver and gold = amass wealth Ec 2:8; abs. v 26 (‖ אסף). Pi. Pf. 1 s. וְכִנַּסְתִּ֫י אֶתְכֶם Ez 22:21 and I will gather you together (for punishment; Co tr. to v 20 and reads for וְהִנַּחְתִּ֫י; ‖ קבץ v 19, 20); of restoration וְכִנַּסְתִּים אֶל־אַדְמָתָם 39:28, and יְכַנֵּס ψ 147:2. Hithp. Inf. cstr. וְהַמַּסֵּכָה צָרָה כְּהִתְכַּנֵּס Is 28:20 and the covering is (too) narrow when one gathers oneself together (‖ קָצַר הַמַּצָּע מֵהִשְׂתַּרֵעַ), i.e. the bed is too short to stretch one-self at full length, and when one (perforce) draws up the feet, the covering becomes too narrow.
† לְבֵנָה n.f. brick, tile (NH id.; Aramaic לְבִינְתָּא, ܠܒܶܢܻܬܳܐ; Zinj. לבן (?) DHMSendsch. 37. 59; Assyrian libittu; Arabic لِبْنٌ, لَبِنٌ, لَبِنٌ, لِبْنَةٌ, لَبِنَةٌ (loan-words according to Frä4 f.); according to Thes and most from whiteness of clay, or light colour of sun-baked bricks; so NöZMG xl, 1886, 735 LagBN 139; >others regard as Assyrian loan-word VOJ i, 22 ff.; in Assyrian a deriv. from labânu, throw down, prostrate, is sought DlPr 93f. (cf. HWB 369);—ל׳ Gn 11:3 Ez 4:1; cstr. לִבְנַת Ex 24:10; pl. לְבֵנִים Gn 11:3 + 7 times; sf. מִלִּבְנֵיכֶם Ex 5:19;— 1. brick, as building-material, Gn 11:3 (sg. coll.; elsewhere pl.) v 3; Ex 1:14; straw used in making Ex 5:7, cf. v 8, 16, 18, 19; Is 9:9 (fig.; as inferior to גָּזִית hewn stone); incense burnt on Is 65:3 (= roof-tiles? cf. Che Di). 2. = tile, on which plan of city could be engraved (חקק) Ez 4:1. 3. = pavement, Ex 24:10 (cf. Di).
† [מָשַׁשׁ] vb. feel, grope (NH id. Pi; Arabic مَسَّ fell; Ethiopic መርሰሰ: Di166; Aramaic ܡܰܫ, מְשַׁשׁ Pa., Palp.—v. also ימשׁ, II. מושׁ);— Qal Impf. 3 ms. sf. יְמֻשֵּׁנִי Gn 27:12 perhaps my father will feel me; וַיְמֻשֵּׁהוּ v 22 and he felt of him (both J). Pi. Pf. 2 ms. מִשַּׁשְׁתָּ; Impf. 3 ms. יְמַשֵּׁשׁ Dt 28:29, וַיְמַשֵּׁשׁ Gn 31:34; 3 mpl. יִמַשִׁשׁוּ Jb 5:14; 12:25; Pt. מְמַשֵּׁשׁ Dt 28:29;—feel over or through, grope:— 1. וַיְמ׳ לָבָן אֶת־כָּל־הָאֹהֶל Gn 31:34 and Laban felt through the whole tent (i.e. searched it); so (obj. כֵּלַי) v 37 thou hast felt through all my possessions (or baggage; both E). 2. grope, of blind Dt 28:29b (in sim.), periphr. conj., וְהָיִיתָ מְמַשֵּׁשׁ v 29a and thou shalt become one that gropes at noonday (fig. of judicial blindness); cf. Jb 5:14; 12:25. Hiph. Impf. וְיָמֵשׁ חֹשֶׁךְ Ex 10:21 that one may feel (the) darkness; read also Imv. sf. הֲמִשֵּׁנִי (for והימשׁני, v. ימשׁ, p. 413 supr.) Ju 16:26 and let me touch the pillars (2 acc.)
† [נָבַע] vb. flow, spring, bubble up, poet. and late (NH id. (rare); Assyrian nabû, id., DlHWB 442; Arabic نَبَعَ well or issue forth (of water); Aramaic ܢܒܰܥ, נְבַע; Ethiopic ነብዐ ii. weep, አንብዕ tear(s));— Qal Pt. נַ֫חַל נֹבֵעַ Pr 18:4 a flowing wady, metaph. of מְקוֹר חָכְמָה. Hiph. Impf. יַבִּיעַ ψ 19:3 + 3 times; אַבִּ֫יעָה ψ 78:2 Pr 1:23; יַבִּ֫יעוּ ψ 94:4; 145:7; יַבִּיעוּן ψ 59:8; 3 fpl. תַּבַּ֫עְנָה ψ 119:171;— pour out, emit, cause to bubble, belch forth: 1. pour out, fig. אַבִּיעָה לָכֶם רוּחִי Pr 1:23 (‖ אוֹדִ֫יעָה דְבָרַי אֶתְכֶם). 2. cause to bubble, ferment זְבוּבֵי מָ֫וֶת יַבְאִישׁ יַבִּיעַ שֶׁמֶן רוֹקֵ֑חַ Ec 10:1. 3. fig., usually of speech, pour forth, emit, belch forth, emphat. expression: פִּי רְשָׁעִים יַבִּיעַ רָעוֹת Pr 15:28 (opp. לֵב צַדִּיק יֶהְגֶּה לַעֲנוֹת) i.e. the righteous considers before he speaks, the wicked bursts out with reckless utterance; פִּי כְסִילִים יַבִּיעַ אִוֶּלֶת Pr 15:2 (opp. לְשׁוֹן חֲכָמִים תֵּיטִיב דָּ֑עַת); יַבִּ֫יעוּ יְדַבְּרוּ עָתָק ψ 94:4 (‖ יִתְאַמְּרוּ כָּל־פֹּעֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן); יַבּ׳ בְּפִיהֶם 59:8 (‖ חֲרָבוֹת בְּשִׂפְתוֹתֵיהֶם); in good sense, אַבִּ֫יעָה חִידוֹת 78:2 (‖ אֶפְתְּחָה בְּמָשָׁל פִּי); תַּבַּעְנָה שְׂפָתַי תְּהִלָּה 119:171; זֵכֶר רַב־טוּבְךָ יַבִּ֑יעוּ 145:7 (‖ וְצִדְקָֽתְךָ יְרַנֵּ֑נוּ, cf. also v 6); metaph. יוֹם לְיוֹם יַבּ׳ אֹמֶר 19:3, i.e. though silent, it really pours forth speech.
† נָגַח vb. push, thrust, gore (NH id.; Arabic نَجَحَ succeed, attain, make progress; 𝔗 as BH);— Qal Impf. יִגַּח Ex 21:28, 31, 32 (E), יִגָּ֑ח v 31;—gore, subj. שׁוֹר, sq. acc. pers. Pi. Impf. יְנַגַּח Dt 33:17; 2 ms. תְּנַגַּח 1 K 22:11 2 Ch 18:10; תְּנַגְּחוּ Ez 34:21; נְנַגֵּחַ ψ 44:6; Pt. מְנַגֵּחַ Dn 8:4;—push or thrush at, sq. acc.: of Joseph under fig. of wild ox Dt 33:17, cf. 1 K 22:11 = 2 Ch 18:10 ψ 44:6 (‖ בּוּס); v. also Ez 34:21 (of Isr. under fig. of sheep), cf. Dn 8:4 (of ram in vision; obj. not expr.). Hithp. Impf. יִתְנַגַּח עִמּוֹ מֶלֶךְ הַנֶּגֶב Dn 11:40 engage in thrusting with, wage war with.
† עָמַל vb. labour, toil (NH id.; Arabic عَمِلَ labour, make; Sab. עמל work (? n. or vb.) CIS iv. No. 250; Aramaic עֲמַל, ܥܡܰܠ; Zinj. עמל; Assyrian nîmelu, gain, possessions);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ Ec 2:21; 3 fs. עָֽמְלָה Pr 16:26; 2 ms. עָמַלְתָּ Jon 4:10; 1 s. עָמַלְתִּי Ec 2:11 + 2 times; pl. עָֽמְלוּ ψ 127:1; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲמֹל Ec 1:3 + 3 times;—labour (very late): in building, c. בְּ ψ 127:1; tillage, c. בְּ Jon 4:10; gen., c. בְּ Ec 2:21, c. לְ Pr 16:26; Ec 5:15, c. לְ + inf. 8:17; עֲמָלוֹ שֶׁיַּעֲמֹל 1:3; 5:17, cf. 2:11, 19, 20.
† [רָקַע] vb. beat, stamp, beat out, spread out (NH id.; Hiph., Aramaic רְקַע Aph., both spread out, and deriv.; Syriac ܪ��ܰܥ press down (Lk 6:38 𝔊), spread out, also consolidate; Arabic رَقَعَ patch, put on a patch, repair, cf. Chr-Pal. ܡܪܩܥܐ patch, ܡܪܘܩܥܢܝܬܐ swaddling-bands, SchwallyIdiot. 90; Ph. מרקע platter, or bowl, of gold CISi. 90, 1);— Qal Impf. 1 s. sf. אֶרְקָעֵם 2 S 22:43 I will stamp them down (prob. gloss to אֲדִקֵּם preceding, cf. Bae ψ 18:43); Imv. רְקַע בְּרַגְלְךָ Ez 6:11 beat (stamp) with thy foot, in token of contemptuous pleasure, cf. Da (‖ הַכֵּה בְכַפְּךָ); so Inf. cstr. sf. רַקְעֲךָ בְּרָ֑גֶל 25:6 (‖ מַחְאֲךָ יָד); Pt. act. as subst. cstr. (Ges§ 65d) רֹקַע הָאָרֶץ (i.e. י׳) he that (beateth out) spreadeth out the earth Is 42:5, רֹקַע הָא׳ 44:24, רוֹקַע הָא׳ ψ 136:6. Pi. Impf. 3 ms. sf. בַּזָּהָב יְרַקְּעֶנּוּ Is 40:19 a goldsmith with gold over-layeth it (lit. beateth it out); 3 mpl. וַיְרַקְּעוּ אֶת־ פַּחֵי הַזָּהָב Ex 39:3 they beat out the plates of gold; sf. וַיְרַקְּעוּם צִפּוּי Nu 17:4 they beat them out as plating. Pu. Pt. כֶּסֶף מְרֻקָּ֑ע Je 10:9 silver beaten out. Hiph. Impf. 2 ms. תַּרְקִיעַ עִמּוֹ לִשְׁחָקִים Jb 37:18 canst thou make with (= like) him a spreading for clouds (spread out clouds; cf. רָקִיעַ)?
ἀφαιρ-έω, Ionic dialect ἀπαιρέω, future -ήσω: perfect ἀφῄρηκα, Ionic dialect ἀπαραίρηκα: aorist ἀφεῖλον, later infinitive ἀφέλαιRefs 2nd c.AD+:—take away from:—Constr.: mostly ἀ. τί τινι, σῖτον μέν σφιν ἀφεῖλε took it from him, Refs 8th c.BC+ codices, etc. (but also, relieve one of a duty, Refs 5th c.BC+; also τινά τι probably Refs 5th c.BC+, see infr. II. I, III: with genitive, take from, τιμῆς οὔτ᾽ ἀφελὼν οὔτ᾽ ἐπορεξάμενοςRefs 6th c.BC+; μηδὲν ἀφαιρῶμεν τοῦ ἀδίκου (from the unjust man) ἀπὸ τῆς ἀδικίαςRefs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ πλήθους diminish the number, Refs 5th c.BC+ having taken them off, Refs 5th c.BC+took away, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 set aside, κρέαRefs 4th c.BC+ __2.b exclude, separate, τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν ὡς ἓν ἀπὸ πάντων ἀφαιροῦντες χωρίςRefs 5th c.BC+; opposed to προστιθέναι, Refs __3 in Mathematics texts, ἀ. ἀπὸ.. subtract from, Refs 3rd c.BC+, etc.; of ratios, divide out from both sides of an equation, Refs 2nd c.AD+; intercept, in passive, Refs 5th c.AD+ __4 in Logic, abstract, with accusative, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II middle, future ἀφαιρήσομαι (in passive sense, variant for{ἀπαιρε-θήσεσθαι}, Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἀφειλόμην, later ἀφειλάμην Refs 1st c.AD+ 116: perfect ἀφῄρημαι (in middle sense) Refs 8th c.BC+ downwards more frequently than active, take away for oneself; also in reciprocal sense, ἀφαιρεῖσθον τύχην ye have received each the fortune of the other, Refs 5th c.BC+ —Constr. like active, ἀφαιρεῖσθαί τί τινι, as καὶ δή μοι γέρας.. ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖςRefs 8th c.BC+: with double accusative of things et person, bereave or deprive of, μήτε σὺ τόνδ᾽.. ἀποαίρεο κούρηνRefs 8th c.BC+; frequently in Attic dialect and Trag., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 with accusative of things, ἀ. ψήφισμα cancel or rescind, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀφελομένης τῆς νυκτὸς τὸ ἔργον having broken off the action, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 followed by μή with infinitive, prevent, hinder from doing, τί μ᾽ ἄνδρα.. ἀφείλου μὴ κτανεῖ;Refs 5th c.BC+; κἄκτεινας, ἤ τις συμφορά σ᾽ ἀφείλετο [μὴ κτεῖναι]; Refs; with infinitive passive, τὸν τὰ ὕστερον ἀφείλετο ἀδικήματα εὐεργέτην μὴ ὀνομασθῆναιRefs 2nd c.AD+; with infinitive only, Refs 5th c.BC+: simply, obstruct, ἀρχήνRefs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 ἀ. τινὰ εἰς ἐλευθερίαν, Latin vindicare in libertatem, claim as free, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III passive, future -αιρεθήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+ -ήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+perfect ἀφῄρημαι, Ionic dialect ἀπαραίρημαιRefs 5th c.BC+:—to be robbed or deprived of a thing, τι Refs 5th c.BC+; τι πρός or ὑπό τινος, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐκ χερῶν ἀφῃρέθην had them taken out of my hands, Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, ἀφῃρέθη Σκίρωνος ἀκτὰς ὄμμα τοὐμὸν εἰσορᾶν was deprived of, hindered from seeing them, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 ὁ ἀφαιρεθείς, in Law, the person from whom a slave has been claimed, Refs
ἐκκόπτ-ω, cut out, knock out, τοὺς γομφίους Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, ἢν..τωφθαλμὼ᾽ κκοπῇς have your eyes knocked out, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξεκέκοπτο τὴν φωνήν had lost his voice, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 cut [trees] out of a wood, fell, Refs 5th c.BC+; παράδεισον laid waste the park, Refs 1st c.BC+ __2.b metaphorically, cut off, make an end of, τοὺς ἄνδρας Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. φενακισμόν, ἱεροσυλίαν, Refs 4th c.BC+; eradicate abuses, Refs 1st c.AD+; τὴν αἰσθητικὴν ἐνέργειαν Refs 4th c.BC+; extirpate, [λύπας] Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, ἡ θρασύτης ἐξεκέκοπτο Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.c ἐ. πλοῖα scuttle ships, Refs __3 as military term, beat off, repulse, τὰς ἀκροβολίσεις Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 win, in throwing the dice, Refs 4th c.BC+:— passive, to be ruined at play, Refs 5th c.AD+ __5 ἐ. θύρας break open, Refs 5th c.BC+ __6 cut out or erase an inscription, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. τὴν χεῖρα NT; cut out, as a surgeon does, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __7 coin, stamp money, Refs 1st c.BC+ __7.b metaphorically, φαντασίαν ἐ. ὡς.. Refs 1st c.BC+ O.; γένη οὐκ ἐκκοπτόμενα ἰδίοις τέλεσι genders not marked by different terminations, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἐ. ἀναφθέγματα coin expressions, Refs 1st c.BC+ __8 hinder, bring to a stop, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II intransitive, pause, come to a stop, Refs
ἐπιτελ-έω, future -τελῶRefs 4th c.BC+, Doric dialect3rd.pers. plural future -τελεσσεῦντιRefs 2nd c.BC+, 3rd.pers. plural perfect -τετελέκαντιRefs 3rd c.BC+:—complete, finish, accomplish, ἐ. τὰ ἐπιτασσόμενα Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸν προκείμενον ἄεθλονRefs 5th c.BC+; especially of the fulfilment of oracles, visions, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; εὐχήνRefs 5th c.BC+ —middle, τὴν κρίσιν ἐπιτελέσασθαι get it completed, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, ὅπως ἂν ἡ εἰρήνη ἐπιτελεσθῇ that it may be brought to pass, Decrees cited in Refs 4th c.BC+; of movements, Refs 2nd c.BC+; [παθήματα] τῇ ἀδελφότητι ἐ.NT __2 bring to perfection, τὴν γένεσιν Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, Refs __3 passive in Logic, of a syllogism, to be made perfect, by reduction to the first figure, Refs __II discharge a religious duty, θυσίας Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ νομιζόμενα τοῖς θεοῖς Refs 2nd c.BC+; νηστείας καὶ ὁρτάς NT+5th c.BC+(so in middle, εὐωχίαν ἐπετελέσατο Refs 1st c.BC+: absolutely, sacrifice, τινί Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 celebrate, τὴν τοῦ Κυνὸς ἐ. ἐπιτολήν Refs 6th c.AD+ __III pay in full, ἀποφορήν Refs 5th c.BC+middle, ἐπιτελεῖσθαι τὰ τοῦ γήρως to have to pay, be subject to, the burdens of old age, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. θάνατον have to pay the debt of death, Refs —passive, ἡ δίκη.. τοῦ φόνου.. ἐκ Μαρδονίου ἐπετελέετο was paid in full by.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV impose upon, ἀσεβείας δίκην τινί Refs 5th c.BC+
κοσμ-έω, order, arrange, especially set an army in array, marshal it, Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, ἐπεὶ κόσμηθεν ἅμ᾽ ἡγεμόνεσσιν ἕκαστοι Refs; πένταχα κοσμηθέντες marshalled in five bodies, Refs; of a population, διὰ τρίχα κοσμηθέντες Refs 8th c.BC+ —middle, κοσμησάμενος πολιήτας having arranged his men, Refs 8th c.BC+; so after Homer, κ. στρατόν (variant for{κοιμήσων}) Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 generally, arrange, prepare, δόρπον ἐκόσμει Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, δεῖπνον κεκόσμηται Refs 5th c.BC+; δεῖ οὕτω κοσμηθῆναι ὅκως.. Refs 3rd c.AD+; τὸ κοσμηθὲν αἷμα, ={τὸνοἰκεῖον κόσμον κτησάμενον}, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II order, rule, τὴν πόλιν κ. καλῶς τε καὶ εὖ Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. ἐμαυτόν restrain myself, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, τὰ κοσμούμενα orderly institutions, Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect participle, of persons, orderly, ταπεινὸς καὶ κεκοσμημένος Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 in Crete, hold office of κόσμος Refs 4th c.BC+; Cretan dialect κοσμίω Refs; also κορμίω (which see). __III adorn, equip, dress, especially of women, Refs 8th c.BC+middle, κοσμέεσθαι τὰς κεφαλάς to adorn their heads, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν φοινικίσι κοσμησάμενοι having decked themselves who roasts Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, χρυσῷ κοσμηθεῖσα Refs 7th c.BC+ __III.2 metaphorically, adorn, embellish, λόγους Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. ἔργον ἄριστονRefs 5th c.BC+; τὸν.. τὴν ἐκείνων ἀρετὴν κοσμήσοντα (in speaking) Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, ἦθος σεμνότητι -μημένον Refs 1st c.BC+ __III.3 honour, λουτροῖς σ᾽ ἐκόσμης᾽ Refs 5th c.BC+; of persons, adorn, be an honour to, πατρίδα Refs 6th c.BC+ __III.4 bury, Refs __IV passive, to be assigned, ascribed to, ἐς τὸν Αἰγύπτιον νομὸν αὗται [αἱ πόλεις] ἐκεκοσμέατο Refs 5th c.BC+; especially of philosophic schools, κατὰ τὴν Ἀκαδημίαν κοσμεῖσθαι Refs 2nd c.AD+
πᾰτάσσω, Epic dialect imperfect πάτασσον Refs 8th c.BC+: future -άξωRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐπάταξα Refs 6th c.BC+:—passive, aorist ἐπατάχθην Refs 2nd c.AD+: future παταχθήσομαι Refs 2nd c.AD+perfect πεπάταγμαι (ἐκ-) Refs 8th c.BC+: Attic dialect and Refsfuture and aorist active (τύπτω and πλήσσω being used in other tenses): __I intransitive in Refs 8th c.BC+, beat, knock, θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσι πάτασσεν Refs 8th c.BC+ __II with accusative of the thing set in motion, strike, smite, [ξίφος] πάταξον εἰς ἄκρον πόδα Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸς κίονα νῶτον π. Refs 5th c.BC+ the man who struck the blow, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a deadly blow, ἐὰν λίθος.. ἢ σίδηρος πατάξῃ Refs; sting, of a bee, Refs; of lightning, strike, Arist. [prev. cited]; π. τινὰ δορί Refs 5th c.BC+, see at {θύρα}:—passive, ὁ μηρὸς πατασσέσθω Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.b smite, slaughter, LXX: simply, kill,LXX __II.c afflict, visit, πατάξαι σε Κύριος παραπληξίᾳLXX+2nd c.AD+ __II.2 metaphorically, ἄτῃ πατάξαι θυμόν Refs 5th c.BC+; πόθος καρδίαν π. Refs 5th c.BC+; πατάξω.. μεγάλοις ποτηρίοις Refs 4th c.BC+