Domains / AUTHORITY_RULE

AUTHORITY_RULE

Macro-32 Domain · 281 senses · 199 lemmas

Sub-domains

Control, Rule (169)Status (112)

Lemmas in this domain

κύριος [ῡ], α, ον, also ος, ον Refs 5th c.BC+:—Thess. κῦρρος Refs 8th c.BC+: __I of persons, having power or authority over, with genitive, Ζεὺς ὁ πάντων κ. Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὶν ἄν σε κ. στήσω τέκνων put thee in possession of.., Refs 5th c.BC+, of the god to whom a temple is dedicated, Refs 2nd c.BC+; τῶν αὑτοὺ κ. Refs 5th c.BC+; θανάτου κ. τινός with power of life and death over, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 κύριός εἰμι with infinitive, I have authority to do, am entitled to do, Refs 4th c.BC+; οὗτος κ. ὁρκωμοτεῖν (probably to be read instead of -ῶν) Refs 5th c.BC+; -ώτεροι δοῦναι better able to give, Refs 5th c.BC+; also κ. τοῦ μὴ μεθυσθῆναι having power not to.., Refs: with accusative et infinitive, κ. εἶναι ἢ τοίαν εἶναι [πόλιν] ἢ τοίαν Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.3 followed by a dependent clause, κ. γενέσθαι, ὅντινα δεῖ καταστήσασθαι Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.4 with participle, πριαμένους τι ἢ πωλοῦντας κυρίους εἶναι Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.5 absolutely, having authority, supreme, τί τῶνδε κυριωτέρους μένει; Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ πατὴρ μέχρι τούτου κ. [ἐστι] Refs 4th c.BC+; τὸ κ. the sovereign power in a state, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ κ. the supreme authorities, Refs 5th c.BC+; at Athens, κ. ἐκκλησία a sovereign or principal assembly, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of things, ὁ τῆς ὥρας τῆς καταρχῆς κ. [ἀστήρ] Refs 2nd c.BC+: but usually absolutely, authoritative, decisive, δίκαι Refs 5th c.BC+; μῦθος -ώτερος of more authority, Refs 5th c.BC+; -ωτάτη τῶν ἐπιστημῶν [ἡ πολιτική] Refs 4th c.BC+; -ωτέρα ἡ καθόλου [ἀπόδειξις] Refs 4th c.BC+; of sovereign remedies, - ωτάτη τῶν καθάρσεων Refs 5th c.BC+; important, principal, κ. δόξαι, of certain doctrines of Epicurus, Refs 4th c.BC+; τὰ -ώτατα the principal organs, Refs 2nd c.AD+ (but, the most important matters, Refs 4th c.BC+ principal accent, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.2 opposed to ἄκυρος, valid, νόμος, δόγματα, Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. ποιεῖν [τὴν γνῶσιν], opposed to ἄκυρον π., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔστω τὰ κριθέντα κ. Legal cited in Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 of times, etc., ordained, appointed, ἡ κυρίη ἡμέρη Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.; κ. μήν, of a woman with child, i.e. the ninth month, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὅταν τὸ κ. μόλῃ φάος (probably) the appointed time, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἡ κ. [ἡμέρα] Refs 4th c.BC+ but αἱ κ. [ἡμεραι], ={κριτικαί}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 legitimate, lawful, ὕπνος πόνος τε, κ. ξυνωμόται Refs 4th c.BC+; κύρι᾽ ἔχοντες having lawful power, Refs __II.5 ἡ κ. ἀρετή goodness proper, real goodness, Refs 4th c.BC+; Rhet. and Grammars, κ. ὄνομα the real or actual, hence current, ordinary, name of a thing, opposed to μεταφορά, γλῶττα, Refs 4th c.BC+; σπάνει κυρίου ὀνόματος for lack of a current term, Refs 1st c.BC+; -ώτατα ὀνόματα most ordinary terms, Refsproper, personal name, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ὄνομα alone in this sense, Refs 2nd c.BC+; κ. [λέξεις] Refs 5th c.BC+; κατὰ τὸν κ. τρόπον, opposed to καταχρωμένη, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III adverb κυρίως, see entry __B substantive κύριος, ὁ, lord, master, τοῖσι κ. δωμάτων Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ κ. alone, head of a family, master of a house (compare Refs 5th c.BC+; also, guardian of a woman, Refs 4th c.BC+, etc.: generally, guardian, trustee, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.b later κύριε, as a form of respectful address, sir, NT+2nd c.AD+ __B.2 feminine κυρία, ἡ, mistress, lady of the house, LXX+4th c.BC+: in vocative, madam, Refs 2nd c.AD+; applied to women from fourteen years upwards, Refs 1st c.AD+. (In later Gr. frequently written κύρα, Refs 6th c.AD+ __B.2.b epithet of Ἶσις, Refs 1st c.BC+ __B.3 of gods, especially in the East, Σεκνεβτῦνις ὁ κ. θεός Refs 1st c.BC+; Κρόνος κ. Refs 1st c.AD+; Ζεὺς κ. Refs 3rd c.AD+; κ. Σάραπις Refs 2nd c.AD+; of deified rulers, τοῦ κ. βασιλέος θεοῦ Refs 1st c.BC+; οἱ κ. θεοὶ μέγιστοι, of Ptolemy XIV and Refs 1st c.BC+; of Roman Emperors, Refs __B.4 ὁ Κύριος, = Hebrew LXX; of Christ, NT
אָדוֹן n.m. Mal 3:1 lord (Ph. אדן)—א׳ ψ 12:5 + cstr. אֲדוֹן Jos 3:11 +; pl. אֲדֹנִים Is 26:13 +; cstr. אֲדֹנֵי Dt 10:17 +; sf. אֲדֹנֵינוּ 1 S 25:14 + etc.; (אֲדֹנִי, אֲדֹנַי, אֲדֹנָי are variations of Mass. pointing to distinguish divine reference fr. human. Pl., with few except an intens. pl. of rank; word takes sf. as pl. in all other pers.; so doubtless here. Orig. reading prob. in all cases אֲדֹנַי (v. DalmanDer Gottesname Adonaj; LagBN 188 makes אֲדֹנָי an Aramaic format.); אֲדֹנִי now found in J 51 textual; in E †Gn 31:35; 32:19; 42:10 Ex 21:5; in P †Gn 23:6, 11, 15 Nu 36:2(×2) often S & K in Chr only in sources, 1 Ch 21:3(×3), 23 (= 2 S 24:3, 22) 2 Ch 2:13, 14; Is & Je only in hist. parts Is 36:8, 9, 12 Je 37:20; 38:9; elsewhere †Dn 1:10; 10:16, 17, 19; 12:8 Zc 1:9; 4:4, 5, 13; 6:4 ψ 110:1 Ju 4:18; 6:13 Ru 2:13; בִּי אֲדנָי †Ex 4:10, 13; Jos 7:8 (J) Ju 6:15; 13:8 is referred to God, but בִּי אֲדנִי †Gn 43:20; 44:18 Nu 12:11 (J) 1 S 1:26; 25:24 (+ אני) 1 K 3:17, 26 to human superiors. There is doubt as to אֲדֹנָ֯י Gn 18:3; 19:18; אֲדֹ֯נַי 19:2)— †1. sg. lord, master (1) ref. to men: (a) supt. of household, or of affairs Gn 45:8, 9 (E) = ψ 105:21; (b) master ψ 12:5; (c) king Je 22:18; 34:5; (2) ref. to God, הָאָדוֹן יהוה the Lord Yahweh (v. יהוה) Ex 23:17; 34:23 (Cov’t codes); אֲדוֹן כָּל־הָאָרֶץ Lord of the whole earth Jos 3:11, 13 (J) ψ 97:5 Zc 4:14; 6:5 Mi 4:13; צְבָאוֹת הָא׳ י׳, earlier Is 1:24; 3:1; 10:33; 19:4 (אֲדֹנָי Is 10:16 in common MT; not Massora, doubtless scrib. error); הָא׳ Mal 3:1; אָדוֹן ψ 114:7. 2. pl. lords, kings Dt 10:17 = ψ 136:3; Is 26:13 masters Am 4:1, elsewhere intens. pl. of rank, lord, master, (1) ref. to men: (a) proprietor of hill Samaria †1 K 16:24; (b) master Gn 40:7 (E) Ex 21:4(×2), 6, 8, 32 (Cov’t code) Gn 24:9 + (J, 11 times) Dt 23:16 Ju 19:11, 12 + 13 times S & K; Jb 3:19 ψ 123:2 Pr 25:13; 27:18; 30:10 Is 24:2 Zp 1:9 Mal 1:6(×2) (c) husband Ju 19:26, 27 ψ 45:12; (d) prophet 2 K 2:3, 5, 16; (e) governor Ne 3:5; (f) prince Gn 42:10, 30, 33 (E) 44:8 (J) 1 S 29:10; (g) king Gn 40:1 (E) Ju 3:25 + 40 times S & K; Ch only in sources 1 Ch 12:19 cf. 1 S 29:4; 2 Ch 13:6; 18:16 = 1 K 22:17; Is 19:4; 22:18; 36:12; 37:4, 6 Je 27:4; (2) ref. to God Mal 1:6; אֲדֹנֵי הָאֲדֹנִים Lord of lords Dt 10:17 = ψ 136:3; אֲדֹנֵינוּ ψ 135:5; 147:5 Ne 8:10; י׳אֲדֹנֵינוּ ψ 8:2, 10 Ne 10:30; אֲדֹנַיִךְ י׳ Is 51:22 (prob. = thy husband, Yahweh); אֲדֹנָיו Ho 12:15 (possibly error for אֲדֹנָי). 3. sf. 1 s. אֲדֹנִי (אֲדֹנַי) (1) ref. to men: my lord, my master, (a) master Ex 21:5 (Cov’t code) Gn 24:12 +, 44:5 (J, 20 times) 1 S 30:13, 15 2 K 5:3, 20, 22; 6:15; (b) husband Gn 18:12 (J); (c) prophet 1 K 18:7, 13 2 K 2:19, 4:16, 28; 6:5; 8:5; (d) prince Gn 42:10 (E), 23:6, 11, 15 (P), 43:20; 44:18 +, 47:18, + (J, 12 times); Ju 4:18; (e) king 1 S 22:12 + (S & K 75 times); (f) father Gn 31:35 (E); (g) Moses Ex 32:22 Nu 11:28; 12:11; 32:25, 27 (J); 36:2(×2) (P); (h) priest 1 S 1:15, 26(×2); (i) theophanic angel Jos 5:14 Ju 6:13; (j) captain 2 S 11:11; (k) general recognition of superiority Gn 24:18; 32:5 +; 33:8 +; 44:7 + (J, 13 times), Ru 2:13 1 S 25:24 + (15 times); (2) ref. to God: אֲדֹנָי a. my Lord Gn 20:4 (?E) Ex 15:17 (Sam. יהוה) elsewhere in Hex, J; Gn 18:3(?), 27, 30, 31, 32; 19:2, 18(?) Ex 4:10, 13; 5:22; 34:9 Nu 14:17 Jos 7:8; also Ju 6:15; 13:8; not S; 1 K 22:6 2 K 19:23; noChron exc. memorials Ezr 10:3 (ref. to Ezra) Ne 1:11; 4:8; WisdLt only Jb 28:28 (doubtless scrib. error for יהוֹה of many MSS.); not Ho; Is 37:24; 38:16 (hist. part); exile Is 49:14 (cf. 51:22); Mi 1:2 ψ 16:2 + (47 times, chiefly this sense, exc. sub b.; cf. אֱלֹהַי וַאדֹנָי my Lord and my God ψ 35:23; (writers that use אֱלהִים seld. use אֲדֹנָי); b. Adonay n.pr. of God, parallel with Yahweh, substit. for it oft. by scrib. error, & eventually supplanting it. In earlier Is 3:17 + (19 times seeming to belong here), Am 7:7, 8; 9:1 Ez 18:25, 29; 33:17, 20; 21:12 (prob. אֲדֹנָי י׳ as in usual phrase); Zc 9:4 Mal 1:12, 14 La 1:14 + (14 times) ψ 2:4; 37:13; 78:65; 90:17 (? יהוה) 110:5 (Dalman puts most of these sub (a);—many cases are doubtful); 1 K 3:10, 15 (Mass. אדני for יהוה cf. Dalm. 2 K 7:6; Dalm. rightly questions; he reads יהוה). The phrases אֲדֹנָי אֱלֹהַי ψ 38:16; 86:12, Adonay my God; אֲדֹנָי הָאֱלֹהִים Dn 9:3, א׳ אֱלֹהֵינוּ 9:9, 15, א׳ הָאֵל Dn 9:4 favour taking א׳ Dn 1:2; 9:7, 8 (יהוה?) v 16, 17, 19(×3) as the divine name. 4. אֲדֹנָי יהוה (a) my Lord Yahweh (v. יהוה) Gn 15:2, 8 (JE) Jos 7:7 (J, 𝔊 om. י׳) Dt 3:24; 9:26 Ju 6:22; 16:28 2 S 7 (6times) 1 K 2:26; 8:53; prob. Am 3:7, 8; 7:2, 4, 5; 9:8 Je 1:6; 4:10; 14:13; 32:17, 25 Ez 4:14; 8:1; 9:8; 11:13; 20:39; 37:3 (יָדַע כִּי אֲני א׳ י׳) 13:9; 23:49; 24:24; 28:24; 29:16 inappropriate in mouth of God; del. אֲדֹנָי (Co) or read י׳ אֱלֹהֵיכֶם (Dalm.); Mi 1:2 Zp 1:7 Ob 1 Zc 9:14 ψ 71:5, 16; 73:28; (b) appar. n.pr. Adonay Yahweh Is 25:8 Je 44:26; exil. Is 40:10 + (10 times, but 61:1, 11 read יהוה, 𝔊); (c) uncertain whether (a) or (b) in proph. formula אָמַר א׳ י׳ Is 7:7; 28:16; 30:15; 49:22; 52:4; 65:13 Je 7:20 Am 1:8; 3:11; 5:3; 7:6 Ob 1 Ez (131 times); נְאֻם א׳ י׳ Is 56:8 Je 2:22 Am 3:13; 4:5; 8:3, 9, 11 Ez (80 times); דְּבַר־א׳ י׳ Ez 6:3; 25:3; 36:4; נִשְׁבַּע א׳ י׳ Am 4:2; 6:8; כֹּה הִרְאַנִי א׳ י׳ Am 7:1, 4; 8:1. 5. יהוה אֲדֹנָי Yahweh my Lord ψ 68:21; 109:21; 140:8; 141:8 Hb 3:19. 6. אֲדֹנָי יהוה צְבָאוֹת (a) my Lord Yahweh Ṣ. (v. צבאות) ψ 69:7 Am 9:5 Is 10:23; 22:5, 12; 28:22 cf. י׳ אֱלֹהֵי הַצְבָאוֹת א׳, Yahweh, the God of Hosts my Lord Am 5:16; (b) a divine name, Adonay, Yahweh Ṣ. Je 46:10(×2); 50:25; (c) uncertain are כֹּה אָמַר א׳ י׳ צ׳ Is 10:24; 22:14, 15; נְאֻם א׳ י׳ צ׳ Is 3:15 Je 2:19; 49:5; 50:31.
אָדוֹן n.m. Mal 3:1 lord (Ph. אדן)—א׳ ψ 12:5 + cstr. אֲדוֹן Jos 3:11 +; pl. אֲדֹנִים Is 26:13 +; cstr. אֲדֹנֵי Dt 10:17 +; sf. אֲדֹנֵינוּ 1 S 25:14 + etc.; (אֲדֹנִי, אֲדֹנַי, אֲדֹנָי are variations of Mass. pointing to distinguish divine reference fr. human. Pl., with few except an intens. pl. of rank; word takes sf. as pl. in all other pers.; so doubtless here. Orig. reading prob. in all cases אֲדֹנַי (v. DalmanDer Gottesname Adonaj; LagBN 188 makes אֲדֹנָי an Aramaic format.); אֲדֹנִי now found in J 51 textual; in E †Gn 31:35; 32:19; 42:10 Ex 21:5; in P †Gn 23:6, 11, 15 Nu 36:2(×2) often S & K in Chr only in sources, 1 Ch 21:3(×3), 23 (= 2 S 24:3, 22) 2 Ch 2:13, 14; Is & Je only in hist. parts Is 36:8, 9, 12 Je 37:20; 38:9; elsewhere †Dn 1:10; 10:16, 17, 19; 12:8 Zc 1:9; 4:4, 5, 13; 6:4 ψ 110:1 Ju 4:18; 6:13 Ru 2:13; בִּי אֲדנָי †Ex 4:10, 13; Jos 7:8 (J) Ju 6:15; 13:8 is referred to God, but בִּי אֲדנִי †Gn 43:20; 44:18 Nu 12:11 (J) 1 S 1:26; 25:24 (+ אני) 1 K 3:17, 26 to human superiors. There is doubt as to אֲדֹנָ֯י Gn 18:3; 19:18; אֲדֹ֯נַי 19:2)— †1. sg. lord, master (1) ref. to men: (a) supt. of household, or of affairs Gn 45:8, 9 (E) = ψ 105:21; (b) master ψ 12:5; (c) king Je 22:18; 34:5; (2) ref. to God, הָאָדוֹן יהוה the Lord Yahweh (v. יהוה) Ex 23:17; 34:23 (Cov’t codes); אֲדוֹן כָּל־הָאָרֶץ Lord of the whole earth Jos 3:11, 13 (J) ψ 97:5 Zc 4:14; 6:5 Mi 4:13; צְבָאוֹת הָא׳ י׳, earlier Is 1:24; 3:1; 10:33; 19:4 (אֲדֹנָי Is 10:16 in common MT; not Massora, doubtless scrib. error); הָא׳ Mal 3:1; אָדוֹן ψ 114:7. 2. pl. lords, kings Dt 10:17 = ψ 136:3; Is 26:13 masters Am 4:1, elsewhere intens. pl. of rank, lord, master, (1) ref. to men: (a) proprietor of hill Samaria †1 K 16:24; (b) master Gn 40:7 (E) Ex 21:4(×2), 6, 8, 32 (Cov’t code) Gn 24:9 + (J, 11 times) Dt 23:16 Ju 19:11, 12 + 13 times S & K; Jb 3:19 ψ 123:2 Pr 25:13; 27:18; 30:10 Is 24:2 Zp 1:9 Mal 1:6(×2) (c) husband Ju 19:26, 27 ψ 45:12; (d) prophet 2 K 2:3, 5, 16; (e) governor Ne 3:5; (f) prince Gn 42:10, 30, 33 (E) 44:8 (J) 1 S 29:10; (g) king Gn 40:1 (E) Ju 3:25 + 40 times S & K; Ch only in sources 1 Ch 12:19 cf. 1 S 29:4; 2 Ch 13:6; 18:16 = 1 K 22:17; Is 19:4; 22:18; 36:12; 37:4, 6 Je 27:4; (2) ref. to God Mal 1:6; אֲדֹנֵי הָאֲדֹנִים Lord of lords Dt 10:17 = ψ 136:3; אֲדֹנֵינוּ ψ 135:5; 147:5 Ne 8:10; י׳אֲדֹנֵינוּ ψ 8:2, 10 Ne 10:30; אֲדֹנַיִךְ י׳ Is 51:22 (prob. = thy husband, Yahweh); אֲדֹנָיו Ho 12:15 (possibly error for אֲדֹנָי). 3. sf. 1 s. אֲדֹנִי (אֲדֹנַי) (1) ref. to men: my lord, my master, (a) master Ex 21:5 (Cov’t code) Gn 24:12 +, 44:5 (J, 20 times) 1 S 30:13, 15 2 K 5:3, 20, 22; 6:15; (b) husband Gn 18:12 (J); (c) prophet 1 K 18:7, 13 2 K 2:19, 4:16, 28; 6:5; 8:5; (d) prince Gn 42:10 (E), 23:6, 11, 15 (P), 43:20; 44:18 +, 47:18, + (J, 12 times); Ju 4:18; (e) king 1 S 22:12 + (S & K 75 times); (f) father Gn 31:35 (E); (g) Moses Ex 32:22 Nu 11:28; 12:11; 32:25, 27 (J); 36:2(×2) (P); (h) priest 1 S 1:15, 26(×2); (i) theophanic angel Jos 5:14 Ju 6:13; (j) captain 2 S 11:11; (k) general recognition of superiority Gn 24:18; 32:5 +; 33:8 +; 44:7 + (J, 13 times), Ru 2:13 1 S 25:24 + (15 times); (2) ref. to God: אֲדֹנָי a. my Lord Gn 20:4 (?E) Ex 15:17 (Sam. יהוה) elsewhere in Hex, J; Gn 18:3(?), 27, 30, 31, 32; 19:2, 18(?) Ex 4:10, 13; 5:22; 34:9 Nu 14:17 Jos 7:8; also Ju 6:15; 13:8; not S; 1 K 22:6 2 K 19:23; noChron exc. memorials Ezr 10:3 (ref. to Ezra) Ne 1:11; 4:8; WisdLt only Jb 28:28 (doubtless scrib. error for יהוֹה of many MSS.); not Ho; Is 37:24; 38:16 (hist. part); exile Is 49:14 (cf. 51:22); Mi 1:2 ψ 16:2 + (47 times, chiefly this sense, exc. sub b.; cf. אֱלֹהַי וַאדֹנָי my Lord and my God ψ 35:23; (writers that use אֱלהִים seld. use אֲדֹנָי); b. Adonay n.pr. of God, parallel with Yahweh, substit. for it oft. by scrib. error, & eventually supplanting it. In earlier Is 3:17 + (19 times seeming to belong here), Am 7:7, 8; 9:1 Ez 18:25, 29; 33:17, 20; 21:12 (prob. אֲדֹנָי י׳ as in usual phrase); Zc 9:4 Mal 1:12, 14 La 1:14 + (14 times) ψ 2:4; 37:13; 78:65; 90:17 (? יהוה) 110:5 (Dalman puts most of these sub (a);—many cases are doubtful); 1 K 3:10, 15 (Mass. אדני for יהוה cf. Dalm. 2 K 7:6; Dalm. rightly questions; he reads יהוה). The phrases אֲדֹנָי אֱלֹהַי ψ 38:16; 86:12, Adonay my God; אֲדֹנָי הָאֱלֹהִים Dn 9:3, א׳ אֱלֹהֵינוּ 9:9, 15, א׳ הָאֵל Dn 9:4 favour taking א׳ Dn 1:2; 9:7, 8 (יהוה?) v 16, 17, 19(×3) as the divine name. 4. אֲדֹנָי יהוה (a) my Lord Yahweh (v. יהוה) Gn 15:2, 8 (JE) Jos 7:7 (J, 𝔊 om. י׳) Dt 3:24; 9:26 Ju 6:22; 16:28 2 S 7 (6times) 1 K 2:26; 8:53; prob. Am 3:7, 8; 7:2, 4, 5; 9:8 Je 1:6; 4:10; 14:13; 32:17, 25 Ez 4:14; 8:1; 9:8; 11:13; 20:39; 37:3 (יָדַע כִּי אֲני א׳ י׳) 13:9; 23:49; 24:24; 28:24; 29:16 inappropriate in mouth of God; del. אֲדֹנָי (Co) or read י׳ אֱלֹהֵיכֶם (Dalm.); Mi 1:2 Zp 1:7 Ob 1 Zc 9:14 ψ 71:5, 16; 73:28; (b) appar. n.pr. Adonay Yahweh Is 25:8 Je 44:26; exil. Is 40:10 + (10 times, but 61:1, 11 read יהוה, 𝔊); (c) uncertain whether (a) or (b) in proph. formula אָמַר א׳ י׳ Is 7:7; 28:16; 30:15; 49:22; 52:4; 65:13 Je 7:20 Am 1:8; 3:11; 5:3; 7:6 Ob 1 Ez (131 times); נְאֻם א׳ י׳ Is 56:8 Je 2:22 Am 3:13; 4:5; 8:3, 9, 11 Ez (80 times); דְּבַר־א׳ י׳ Ez 6:3; 25:3; 36:4; נִשְׁבַּע א׳ י׳ Am 4:2; 6:8; כֹּה הִרְאַנִי א׳ י׳ Am 7:1, 4; 8:1. 5. יהוה אֲדֹנָי Yahweh my Lord ψ 68:21; 109:21; 140:8; 141:8 Hb 3:19. 6. אֲדֹנָי יהוה צְבָאוֹת (a) my Lord Yahweh Ṣ. (v. צבאות) ψ 69:7 Am 9:5 Is 10:23; 22:5, 12; 28:22 cf. י׳ אֱלֹהֵי הַצְבָאוֹת א׳, Yahweh, the God of Hosts my Lord Am 5:16; (b) a divine name, Adonay, Yahweh Ṣ. Je 46:10(×2); 50:25; (c) uncertain are כֹּה אָמַר א׳ י׳ צ׳ Is 10:24; 22:14, 15; נְאֻם א׳ י׳ צ׳ Is 3:15 Je 2:19; 49:5; 50:31.
פָּקַד303 vb. attend to, visit, muster, appoint (NH id., visit, enjoin; Ph. פקד attend to, provide; Assyrian paḳâdu = BH; Arabic فَقَدَ; faqada) lose, miss; also (Dozy) give heed, attention, to; Ethiopic ፈቀደ; visit, muster, desire, need, etc.; Nab. פקד command (Cook), so 𝔗 פְּקַד Pa. Syriac ܦܩܰܕ, also visit);— Qal234 Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Ex 4:31 +; 1 s. פָּקַדְתִּי 3:16 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְקֹד Gn 50:24 +, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּקֹד Nu 3:15 +, etc.; Inf. abs. פָּקֹד Gn 50:24 +; cstr. לִפְקֹד 2 S 24:4 +, etc.; Pt. act. פֹּקֵד Ex 20:5 +; pass. פְּקֻדִים(הַ) 30:14 +, cstr. פְּקוּדֵי Nu 31:14 +, etc.;— A. 1. a. pay attention to, observe (with care, practical interest), of י׳ c. acc. pers. + rei Ex 3:16 (J), c. acc. pers. 4:31 (J; ‖ רָאָה), ψ 8:5 (with providence, cf. פְּקֻדָּה Jb 10:12; ‖ זָכַר); c. acc. rei 1 S 15:2 ψ 80:15 (‖ הִבִּיט, רָאָה), La 4:22 (‖ גִּלָּה עַל), יִזְכֹּר עֲוֹנָם וְיִפְקֹד חַטֹּאתָם Ho 8:13 = 9:9 = Je 14:10; 1 S 17:18 observe thy brothers as to well-being (לְשָׁלוֹם; i.e. see how they fare). b. attend to, in act, see to, c. acc. pers. 2 K 9:34; acc. of sheep Je 23:2 (in fig.); cf. Zc 10:3b; 11:16. c. seek (with interest, desire), seek י׳ Is 26:16; in bad sense, look about for Ez 23:21. Hence d. seek in vain, need, miss, lack (cf. Niph., and Arabic Ethiopic supr.), c. acc. pers. 1 S 20:6; Is 34:16, rei 1 S 25:15 Je 3:16. 2. specif. visit, c. acc., for different purposes: with (ב) a present Ju 15:1; especially of י׳, visit graciously Gn 21:1; 50:24, 25 = Ex 13:19 (all E), Is 23:17; Je 15:15 (‖ זָכַר), 27:22; 29:10; 32:5 ψ 65:10 Ru 1:6 +; בִּישׁוּעָתֶ֑ךָ 106:4 (‖ זָכַר); visit to search, test, acc. pers. Jb 7:18 (‖ בָּחַן), ψ 17:3 (‖ id.; obj. om.), abs. Jb 31:14; to punish Je 6:15; 49:8; 50:31 ψ 59:6; acc. pers. om. Ex 32:34a Is 26:14, c. עַל rei (of sin) Je 5:9, 29; 9:8 (here + ב pers.); acc. rei ψ 89:33; abs., of י׳’s anger Jb 35:15. 3. c. עַל pers., visit upon, י׳ subj., + acc. rei (of sin) Am 3:2, 14 Ho 1:4; 2:15; Ex 20:5; 34:7 Dt 5:9 + 10 times; acc. rei om., = punish Is 10:12 Je 9:24; 11:22; 13:21 + 10 times Je, + 8 times; + כ rei Ho 12:3 Je 21:14; + cl. of sin Ho 4:14; c. אֶל pers. Je 50:18(×2), אֶל + עַל 46:25; indef. subj. c. עַל of vineyard = injure Is 27:3. 4. pass in review, muster (nearly = number), c. acc., 1 S 11:8; 13:15; 2 S 24:2, 4 + 11 times + Nu 1:3, 19, 44, 49 + 16 times Nu (P); acc. om. 1 S 14:17(×2) Nu 3:42; obj. נָוֶה Jb 5:24; especially pt. pass., persons or things mustered (numbered), Ex 30:12, 13, 14; 38:25, 26;Nu 1:21, 22 + 67 times Nu, + 1 Ch 23:24. B. appoint: 1. c. acc. pers. + אִתָּם Gn 40:4, + עַל pers. over whom Je 15:3; 51:27; Nu 27:16, + אֶל (for עַל) Je 49:19 = 50:44; c. acc. pers. alone Nu 3:10, + בְּרֹאשׁ הָעָם Dt 20:9; pt. pass. pl. appointed ones, officers, of (fighting) host Nu 31:14, 48; 2 K 11:15 2 Ch 23:14. 2. c. acc. rei, appoint, assign, + עַל pers. to whom, Nu 4:27 (on text v. Di); c. acc. rei only, v 32; cf. Jb 34:13; 36:23; lay upon (עַל pers.) as a charge, Zp 3:7 (reading מֵעֵינֶיהָ, 𝔊 We Now, for מְעוֹנָהּ); + inf. 2 Ch 36:23 = Ezr 1:2; = deposit, c. acc. rei + ב loc., 2 K 5:24 (cf. פִּקָּדוֹן). †Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִפְקַד 1 S 25:7 +; 2 ms. וְנִפְקַדְתָּ֫ 20:18; Impf. 3 ms. יִפָּקֵד v 18 +, etc.; Inf. הִפָּקֵד abs. 1 K 20:39; cstr. Ju 21:3;— 1. be (sought, i.e. needed) missed, lacking 1 S 20:18 + v 19 (𝔊, for MT תֵּרֵד, We Dr al.), 25:7 1 K 20:39 (+ inf. abs.), 2 K 10:19(×2) Je 23:4 (Gr Gie conj. יִפְחָ֖דוּ), + מִן part. Ju 21:3; 1 S 25:21; 2 S 2:30 Nu 31:49; of seat 1 S 20:18, place v 25:27 (i.e. be empty). 2. be visited (graciously) Ez 38:8; Is 24:22, cf. 29:6 (ב accomp.; v. Di). 3. be visited upon, עַל pers., Nu 16:29 (subj. פְּקֻדָּה); בַּל יִפּ׳ רָ֑ע Pr 19:23 evil shall not be visited (sc. upon him; read perhaps שׂבֵר עָלָיו for שָׂבֵעַ יָלְין v. Toy). 4. be appointed Ne 7:1, + עַל 12:44. †Pi. (intens.) muster a host, Pt. מְפַקֵּד Is 13:4 (of י׳). †Pu. be passed in review, Pf. 3 ms. פֻּקַּד Ex 38:21; be caused to miss, deprived of, 1 s. פֻּקַּדְתִּי Is 38:10 c. acc. rei. Is 38:10 sense dub., Ges am (shall be) missed for; Hi Di De CheComm. am punished, muleted of. †Hithp. be mustered, Pf. 3 pl. הִתְפָּֽקְדוּ Ju 20:15, 17; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּתְפָּקֵד 21:9; 3 mpl. 20:15 (on form v. Ges§ 541). †Hothp. id., Pf. 3 pl. הָתְפָּֽקְדוּ 1 K 20:27 Nu 1:47; 2:33; 26:62 (Gesl.c.). Hiph.29 Pf. 3 ms. הִפְקִיד Gn 39:5 +, 2 ms. sf. הִפְקַדְתּוֹ 1 S 29:4, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַפְקִיד Is 10:28, etc.; Imv. ms. הַפְקֵד Nu 1:50 ψ 109:6, etc.;��� 1. c. acc. pers., set (over), make overseer, 2 K 25:23; + עַל Gn 39:4 Je 1:10 Nu 1:50 + 8 times, fig., acc. of punishment, Lv 26:16; + ב Je 40:5 + 3 times; + ב and על Gn 39:5; + ל 1 K 11:28; + אֲשֶׁר שָׁם 1 S 29:4 where thou hast stationed him, ins. also v 10 𝔊 The We Dr al.; + אִתּוֹ Je 40:7, cf. 41:10. 2. c. acc. rei (implic.), a. commit, entrust (cf. פִּקָּדוֹן), עַל־יַד פ׳ 1 K 14:27 = 2 Ch 12:10; c. acc. רוּחִי + בְּיָֽדְךָ ψ 31:6. b. deposit, c. acc. rei + ב loc. Je 36:20, + ל loc. Is 10:28; acc. pers. (Jer. as prisoner) + ב loc. Je 37:21. †Hoph. 1. be visited in punishment, Pf. 3 ms. הָפְקַד Je 6:6 (impers.; but 𝔊 ψευδής, read הַשֶּׁקֶר JDMich, הַפֶּרֶק Gie). 2. be deposited, אִתּוֹ Lv 5:23 (subj. הַפִּקָּדוֹן) 3. be made overseer, Pt. מֻפְקָדִים(הַ), c. בֵּית 2 K 22:9; 12:12 Qr (Kt הפקדים); בְּבֵית י׳ 22:5 (Qr del. ב), 2 Ch 34:10; c. עַל pers. 2 Ch 34:12; abs. v 17.
יָרַשׁ229 vb. take possession of, inherit, dispossess (MI7 וירש take possession of; Aramaic יְרֵית, ܝܺܪܶܬ take possession of, and be heir to, inherit; so Ethiopic ወረሰ Arabic وَرِثَ inherit; v. also Sab. ורתֿ, inherit, CISiv, 37, 3), especially D (62 times Qal, 1 times Pi, 7 times Hiph. in Dt + 13 times D in Jos);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. יָרַשׁ Je 49:1; וְיָרַשׁ consec. Je 49:2 Nu 27:11; 2 ms. יָרָ֑שְׁתָּ 1 K 21:19; וְיָרַשְׁתָּ֫ Dt 6:18 + 2 times; sf. וִירִשְׁתָּהּ consec. Dt 17:14 + 2 times (on this and kindred forms v. Köi. 406, 411); וִירִשְׁתָּם consec. Dt 19:1; 31:3; 3 pl. יָֽרְשׁוּ Dt 3:20 +; sf. וִירֵשׁוּךָ consec. Ez 36:12 (Köl.c.); וִירֵשׁוּהָ consec. Is 34:11 + 3 times; 2 mpl. וִירִשְׁתֶּם consec. Dt 4:1 + 7 times; 1 pl. יָרַשְׁנוּ Dt 3:12, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִירַשׁ Gn 21:10 ψ 25:13; 2 mpl. תִּירְשׁוּ Lv 20:24 1 Ch 28:8; תִּירָ֑שׁוּ Ez 33:25, 26; תִּירָשׁ֑וּן Dt 5:30, etc.; Imv. ms. יְרָ֑שָׁה Dt 33:23; רֵשׁ Dt 1:21 1 K 21:15; רָ֑שׁ Dt 2:24, 31; mpl. וּרְשׁוּ Dt 1:8; 9:23; Inf. cstr. לָרֶ֫שֶׁת Dt 2:31 + 17 times; לָרָ֑שֶׁת Ne 9:23; sf. לְרִשְׁתְּךָ Gn 28:4; לְרִשְׁתּוֹ 1 K 21:16, 18; לְרִשְׁתָּהּ Gn 15:7 + 28 times; Pt. יוֹרֵשׁ Gn 15:3 + 6 times; pl. י(וֹ)רְשִׁים Dt 12:2 Je 8:10; sf. יֹרְשָׁיו Je 49:2;— 1. take possession of, especially by force, have as a possession, often with collat. idea of taking in place of others, succeeding to, inheriting (cf. 2: a. land, sq. acc. Gn 15:7, 8 Nu 13:30; 21:24, 35 Jos 18:3 (all JE), 24:4, 8 (E), Ju 2:6; 11:21, 22, 23, 24(×2); 18:9 Dt 1:8, 21, 39 + 25 times Dt, + †Dt 11:31; 17:14; 26:1 (all possess land and dwell therein), similarly Is 65:9(×2) ψ 69:36; בְּאַרְצָם מִשְׁנֶה יִירָ֑שׁוּ Is 61:7 in their land they shall possess the double; הָחֵל רָשׁ Dt 2:24; הָחֵל רָשׁ לָרֶשֶׁת אֶת־אַרְצוֹ v 31; especially phr. (הארץ) שָׁמָּה לְרִשְׁתָּהּ (etc. עֹבְרִים) אֲשֶׁר אַתֶּם בָּאִים Dt 4:5, 14, 26 + 12 times Dt, also Ezr 9:10; v. Dt 30:18 Jos 1:11(×2), 15(×2); 12:1; 13:1; 21:41; 23:5 (all D); Am 2:10 Ob 19, 19 Hb 1:6 Ez 33:24, 25, 26 Lv 20:24(×2) (H), Gn 28:4 Nu 33:53 (both P), 1 Ch 28:8 Ne 9:15, 22, 23, 24; ψ 25:13; 37:9, 11, 22, 29, 34; + ב instr. 44:4; also וַעֲמַל לְאֻמִּים יִירָ֑שׁוּ 105:44 (‖ (וִיִּתֵּן לָהֶם אַרְצוֹת גּוֹיִם); †take possession of fields Je 8:10 (obj. not expr.), 1 K 21:15, 16, 18, 19 ψ 83:13; inheritance (in land) Nu 27:11; 36:8(×2) (all P); city (cities), Jos 19:47 (JE), Ju 3:13 Ob 20; so הַר־קָדְשִׁי Is 57:13 (‖ נחל ארץ), 63:18 where read prob. הַר־קָדְשֶׁ֑ךָ (for MT עַם־ק׳, see 𝔊 VB and ‖ cl.); possess city and dwell therein 2 K 17:24 Is 34:17; Is 34:11 yea the pelican and bittern shall possess it; so of nettles Ho 9:6; וְיִרַשׁ זַרְעֲךָ אֵת שַׁעַר אֹיְבָיו Gn 22:17, cf. 24:60 (both J); possess houses Ez 7:24 (del. Co), Ne 9:25; יוֹרֵשׁ עֶצֶר Ju 18:7 possessing wealth (? see VB)†. †b. a people (with collat. idea of being their heir (2), and so dispossessing them), so especially in Dt 2:12, 21, 22; 9:1 (+ cities), 11:23; 12:2, 29(×2); 18:14; 19:1; 31:3; Nu 21:32 (Kt וַיִּירַשׁ; JE), Am 9:12; מַדּוּעַ יָרַשׁ מִלְכֹּם אֶת־גָּ֑ד Je 49:1 (on text see VB), v 2, 2 (in these 3 perhaps play on meaning inherit, cf. v 1 a); Ez 36:12 Ob 17 Is 54:3; nations + countries Ez 35:10. †2. inherit, sq. acc. pers. = be one’s heir Gn 15:3, 4(×2) (JE); שִׁפְחָה כִּי־תִירַשׁ גְּבִרְתָּהּ Pr 30:23 (or, dispossess?); abs. be heir, sq. עִם pers. = jointly with 21:10 (E); (הַ)יּוֹרֵשׁ (the) heir 2 S 14:7 Je 49:1 (‖ בָּנִים); Mi 1:15 (= possessor, captor), where paronom. with n.pr.loc. מָרֵשָׁה; inherit persons, as slaves לָרֶשֶׁת אֲחֻזָּה Lv 25:46 (H). †3. = impoverish, הַלְיָרְשֵׁנוּ קְרָאתֶם (var. Pi. הַלְיָֽרְ׳ Ju 14:15 (v. Ges§ 69 m)) to impoverish us did ye call (us)? †Niph. Impf. יִוָּרֵשׁ Pr 23:21; 2 ms. תִּוָּרֵשׁ Gn 45:11 Pr 20:13; אִוָּרֵשׁ Pr 30:9;—be (dispossessed =) impoverished, come to poverty Gn 45:11 (E), Pr 20:13; 23:21; 30:9 (opp. אֶשְׂבַּע). †Pi. Impf. פְּרִי אַדְמָתֶ֑ךָ יְיָרֵשׁ הַצְּלָצַֽל Dt 28:42 the fruit of thy ground shall the cricket get full possession of (cf. Qal Ho 9:6 Is 34:11), i.e. devour. †Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הוֹרִישׁ Ju 1:27 +; 2 ms. הוֹרַשְׁתָּ 2 Ch 20:7 ψ 44:3, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יוֹרִישׁ Jos 3:10; וַיּ֫(וֹ)רֶשׁ Ju 1:19 +; 3 fs. sf. 3 mpl. תּוֹרִישֵׁמוּ Ex 15:9, etc.; Inf. abs. הוֹרֵשׁ Jos 3:10; 17:13; הוֹרֵישׁ Ju 1:28; cstr. לְהוֹרִישׁ Dt 4:38 +, etc.; Pt. מוֹרִישׁ 1 S 2:7 Dt 18:12; sf. מוֹרִישָׁם Dt 9:4, 5;— 1. cause to possess, or inherit Ju 11:24; מִיְּרֻשָֽׁתְךָ אֲשֶׁר הוֹרַשְׁתָּנוּ 2 Ch 20:11; sq. ל pers., וְהוֹרַשְׁתֶּם לִבְנֵיכֶם Ezr 9:12 and cause your sons to inherit (it); fig. תּוֹרִישֵׁנִי עֲוֹנוֹת נְעוּרָ֑י Jb 13:26 thou makest me to inherit (the consequences of) the iniquities of my youth. 2. cause (others) to possess or inherit, then gen. dispossess: a. sq. acc. gent. vel pers., Jos 13:13; 16:10 (both JE), Ju 1:29, 30, 31, 32, 33 (all opp. ישׁב בְּקֶרֶב), Jos 14:12 (JE), 17:13 (JE; הוֹרֵשׁ לֹא הוֹרִישׁוֹ), Ju 1:28 (id.); opp. ישׁב אֵת Jos 15:63; opp. ישׁב בְּ Ju 1:21, 27; also Nu 21:32 Qr, 32:39 Jos 17:18 (all JE), 13:12 (D), Ju 1:19b; 2:23; also וַיֹּרֶשׁ אֶת־הָהָר 1:19a (= את־יושׁבי ההר see v b), Dt 7:17 ψ 44:3; וְהוֹרַשְׁתָּם וְהַאֲבַדְתָּם Dt 9:3; sq. acc. + מִפְּנֵי Ex 34:24 Nu 32:21 Jos 3:10 (הוֹרֵשׁ יוֹרִישׁ; all these JE), Dt 4:38; 9:4, 5; 18:12 Jos 13:6; 23:9 (both D), Nu 33:52, 55 (both P), Ju 2:21; 11:23, 24 1 K 14:24; 21:26 2 K 16:3; 17:8; 21:2 (all D), 2 Ch 28:3; 33:2; acc. + מִלִּפְנֵי Dt 11:23 Jos 23:5, 13 (D; ‖ הָדַף), 2 Ch 20:7; acc. + מִשָּׁם Jos 15:14 (JE) = Ju 1:20; of cities (i.e. their inhabitants) Jos 8:7; 17:12; so of a land = Nu 33:53 (P), see v 52, 55 [𝔊 + יושׁבי] b. sq. acc. rei, מִבִּטְנוֹ יֹרִשֶׁנּוּ אֵל Jb 20:15 God shall cast them out of his belly, i.e. riches (‖ חַיִל בָּלַע וַיְקִאֶנּוּ). 3. = impoverish, יהוה מוֹרִישׁ וּמַעֲשׁיר 1 S 2:7 (song) י׳ impoverisheth and maketh rich; sq. acc. (of Tyre) אֲדֹנָי יוֹרִשֶׁנָּה Zc 9:4 (see v 3). 4. nearly = bring to ruin, destroy, sq. acc. gent. אָרִיק חַרְבִּי תּוֹרִישֵׁמוֹ יָדִי Ex 15:9 (poem in E); so perhaps also Nu 14:12 (JE; AV disinherit; ‖ אַכֶּנּוּ בַדֶּבֶר). 5. = Qal take possession of a land Nu 14:24 (JE), but read prob. יִרָשֶׁנָּה.
† II. כָּבוֹד n.m. Is 60:1 and †f. Gn 49:6 abundance, honour, glory;—כ׳ Jos 7:19 + 70 times; כָּבֹד Gn 31:1 Na 2:10; cstr. כְּבוֹד Ex 16:7 + 62 times; כְּבֹד Pr 25:2(×2); sf. כְּבוֹדִי Gn 45:13 + 17 times; כְּבֹדִי Gn 49:6 + 3 times; + 40 times sfs.— 1. abundance, riches Gn 31:1 (J), Is 10:3; 61:6; 66:11, 12 Na 2:10 ψ 49:17, 18. 2. honour, splendour, glory, of external condition and circumstances: a. of men: of Joseph in Egypt Gn 45:13 (E); of Job Jb 19:9; 29:20; of Ephraim Ho 9:11, Samaria Ho 10:5; עֹשֶׁר וְכָכוֹד wealth and splendour 1 Ch 29:12, 28; 2 Ch 17:5; 18:1; 32:27; Pr 3:16; 8:18; 22:4; עשֶׁר (וּ)נְכָסִים וְכ׳ 2 Ch 1:11, 12 = גם ע׳ גם כ׳ 1 K 3:13, Ec 6:2; ‖ עשֶׁר Pr 11:16; man was crowned with כ׳ וְהָדָר at his creation, ψ 8:6; the king is given כ׳ ‖ הוֹד וְהָדָר ψ 21:6. b. of things, כ׳ עָשְׁרוֹ Est 5:11 splendour of his wealth, of a throne 1 S 2:8 (poem), Is 22:23; Je 14:21; 17:12; a kingdom Est 1:4; chariots Is 22:18; priestly robes Ex 28:2, 40 (P); Lebanon Is 35:2; 60:13; forest Is 10:18 (fig. of royal might); trees Ez 31:18; temple Hg 2:3, 9; restored holy land ψ 84:12 Is 4:2, 5; Jerus. Is 62:2. c. of God, glory, (1) in historic theophanies: to Moses Ex 33:18, 22 (J); ‖ אֹתֹת Nu 14:22 (JE); ‖ גָּדְלוֹ Dt 5:21. P uses כ׳ יהוה for theophanies of the Exodus Ex 16:7, 10; 24:16, 17; 40:34, 35; Lv 9:6, 23; Nu 14:10; 16:19; 17:7; 2:6, cf. 2 Ch 5:14 = 1 K 8:11, 2 Ch 7:1, 2, 3; so Ezek., Ez 1:28; 3:12, 23; 10:4(×2), 18; 11:23; 43:4, 5; 44:4; with the variation כ׳ אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ez 8:4; 9:3; 10:19; 11:22; 43:2, and הַכָּבוֹד Ez 3:23; the sacred tent was sanctified by the Glory Ex 29:43 (P), and the temple was מְקוֹם מִשְׁכַּן כ׳ ψ 26:8; when the ark was captured, the Glory went into exile from Israel 1 S 4:21, 22. (2) in historic and ideal manifestations to the pious mind Yahweh’s name is a name of glory ψ 72:19 Ne 9:5; his eyes of glory Is 3:8; in the temple his glory is seen ψ 63:3; it is על השׁמים ψ 113:4; על כל הארץ ψ 57:6, 12; in a thunderstorm he is אֵל הַכָּבוֹד ψ 29:3; his glory is לְעוֹלָם ψ 104:31; it is great ψ 138:5; above all the earth ψ 108:6; the whole earth is full of it Is 6:3; the heavens are declaring כְּבוֹד אֵל ψ 19:2; with reference to the divine reign כּ׳ הֲדַר מַלְכוּתוֹ, ψ 145:12; הֲדַר כ׳ הוֹדֶ֑ךָ ψ 145:5. (3) he is מֶלֶךְ הַכָּבוֹד ψ 24:7, 8, 9, 10(×2); he will appear in his glory ψ 102:17, his glory will be revealed in a march through the wilderness to the holy land Is 40:5, the land will see it Is 35:2, shine with it Ez 43:2, and it will dwell in the land ψ 85:10; it will be to the rearward of Israel Is 58:8; it will arise and be seen upon Jerusalem Is 60:1, 2; Yahweh will be the glory in the midst of her Zc 2:9; the temple will be filled with it Hg 2:7; the earth will be filled with a knowledge of it Hb 2:14, and with it Nu 14:21 (JE) ψ 72:19; it will be declared among the nations and all will see it Is 66:18, 19(×2) ψ 97:6 and peoples and kings revere it ψ 102:16 Is 59:19; י׳ will reign before his elders in glory Is 24:23; the resting-place of the Messiah will be כָּבוֹד Is 11:10. 3. honour, dignity of position מנע מִכּ׳ withhold from honour Nu 24:11 (E); ירד מִכּ׳ descend from Je 48:18; שׁלח אחר כ׳ send after Zc 2:12; רוּם בכ׳ ψ 112:9; שׁכב בכ׳ Is 14:18; תמך כ׳ Pr 29:23; יַרְבֶּה כ׳ Dn 11:39; לקח כ׳ take me to honour ψ 73:24; not becoming to fools Ps 26:1; לפני כ׳ ענוה before honour (goeth) humility Pr 15:33; 18:12; antithesis קלון Ho 4:7; Hb 2:16; Pr 3:35, קִיקָלוֹן Hb 2:16; כָּבוֹד is used as collective, of honoured men, dignitaries, nobility כבוד ישׂראל Mi 1:15; elsewhere as cstr. before various nations or with sfs. only Is 5:13; 8:7; 10:16; 16:14; 17:3, 4; 21:16; 22:24. 4. honour, reputation, of character, of man וְלֹא־לְךָ לְכ׳ 2 Ch 26:18 neither will it be for thine honour; ‖ חכמה Ec 10:1; צדקה Pr 21:21; antith. כְּלִמָּה ψ 4:3; וְחֵקֶר כְּבֹדָם כָּבוֹד Pr 25:27 and searching out of their glory is (not) glory כ׳ לאישׂ Pr 20:3; כ׳ אֱלֹהִים הַסְתֵּר דָּבָר וכ׳ מְלָכִים חֲקֹר דָּבָר Pr 25:2 the honour of God is to conceal a thing, but the honour of kings is to search out a thing. 5. my honour, poet. of the seat of honour in the inner man, the noblest part of man ‖ נפשׁי Gn 49:6 (poem) ψ 7:6; לִבִּי ψ 16:9 108:2; it is called upon to זמּר ψ 30:13 (read כְּבוֹדִי for כָּבוֹד); עוּרָה ψ 57:9. 6. honour, reverence, glory, as due to one or ascribed to one: a. of men, due to a father Mal 1:6; honour done to David by Nathan’s prophecy 1 Ch 17:18; עשׂה כ׳ לְ 2 Ch 32:33 do honour to; נתן כ׳ לְ Pr 26:8; ‖ ישׁע ψ 62:8. b. of God, כְּבוֹדִי the honour due to me (Yahweh) Is 42:8; 43:7; 48:11 כ׳ שְׁמֶ֑ךָ ψ 79:9; נתן כ׳ לְ 1 S 6:5 Je 13:16 Mal 2:2 ψ 115:1; שׂים כ׳ לְ Jos 7:19 (J), Is 42:12; שׂים כ׳ תהלתוֹ ψ 66:2; יהב כ׳ ועז לְ ψ 29:1; 96:7 = 1 Ch 16:28; יהב כ׳ שְׁמוֹ לְ ψ 29:2; 96:8 = 1 Ch 16:29; זמּר כ׳ שְׁמוֹ ψ 66:2; ספּר כבודו בגוים ψ 96:3 = 1 Ch 16:24; אמר כ׳ מלכותך ψ 145:11; נתן כבודי בגוים Ez 39:21; אֹמֵר כָּבוֹד ψ 29:9 say Glory; יַעְלְזוּ בְּכ׳ exult with (ascriptions of) glory ψ 149:5. 7. glory as the object of honour, reverence and glorifying, כְּבוֹדִי ψ 3:4 my glory (the one whom I glorify); כְּבוֹדָם ψ 106:20 their glory; כְּבוֹדוֹ Je 2:11.
† כָּבֵד vb. be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honoured (NH Pi. honour, and deriv., כֹּבֶד weight; Ph. n.pr.f. כבדת = honoured one, and in cpd. n.pr.; Ethiopic ከብደ be heavy, etc.; Assyrian kabâdu or kabâtu, grow or be heavy, DlHWB; cf. Arabic كَبَدٌ difficulty, distress; كَبَدَ iii. struggle with difficulties, etc.; Zinj. כבדו honour, DHMSendsch. 58; Sab. כבודת gifts of honour, = Heb. נדבה freewill offering DHMZMG 1883, 341 f.)— Qal Pf. כ׳ Is 24:20; 3 fs. כָּֽבְדָה Gn 18:20 + 4 times; כָּבֵ֑דָה Ju 20:34; 3 mpl. כָּֽבְדוּ Gn 48:10; Impf. יִכְבָּד Ex 9:7 Is 66:5; יִכְבָּ֑ד Jb 6:3; 33:7 + 10 times Impf. (כָּבֵד Gn 12:10 + is given as 3 m. Pf. by some; but it is prob. taken better as adj. SS make כָּבֵד ψ 38:5 inf. abs.; 1. be heavy, in weight, of misfortune, heavier than sand Jb 6:3; of God’s hand in punishment 1 S 5:11, with אֶל 1 S 5:6; עַל ψ 32:4; of man’s hand in war Ju 1:35; יָדִי כָּֽבְדָה עַל־אַנְחָתִי my hand is heavy upon my groaning Jb 23:3 is explained by 𝔗 Hrz Schlottm as hand smiting me; but read rather with 𝔊 𝔖 Ew De Reu Di יָדוֹ of God’s hand; of pressure אַכְפִּי Jb 33:7 (𝔊 כַּפִּי); = vehement, sore, of battle Ju 20:34; c. אֶל 1 S 31:3 = עַל 1 Ch 10:3; burdensome, grievous; וְלֹא נִכְבַּד עָלֶי֑ךָ lest we be burdensome unto thee 2 S 13:25; of work laid upon one, bondage, with עַל Ex 5:9 (JE) Ne 5:18; of sin conceived as a burden Gn 18:20 (J), iniquities ψ 38:5; transgressions, with עַל Is 24:20. 2. heavy, insensible, dull, of the eyes, so as to be unable to see Gn 48:10 (JE); of the ears Is 59:1; of the לֵב, hard, insensible Ex 9:7 (J; P and E’s syn. is חָזַק, q.v.) 3. be honoured (cf. βαρύς) of a man Jb 14:21 (opp. יצערו: cf. Hiph. 3), of Tyre Ez 27:25, of Yahweh Is 66:5. Niph. Pf. נִכְבַּד 2 S 6:20, נִכְבָּ֔ר 2 S 23:19, 23 1 Ch 11:21; נִכְבַּדְתָּ Is 43:4; + 2 times Pf.; Impf. אֶכָּבֵד Lv 10:3 Is 49:5; אִכָּֽבְדָה Ex 14:4, 17; אִכָּבֵ֑דָה 2 S 6:22; אִכָּֽבְדָ֯ Hg 1:8; Imv. הִכָּבֵד 2 K 14:10; Inf. הִכָּֽבְדִי Ex 14:18 Ez 39:13; Pt. נִכְבָּד Gn 34:19 + 6 times; pl. נִכְבָּדִים Nu 22:15; cstr. נִכְבַּדֵּי Is 23:8, 9 Pr 8:24; נִכְבַּדֶּיהָ Na 3:10; נִכְבְּדֵיהֶם ψ 149:8; Pl. f. נִכְבָּדוֹת ψ 87:3— 1. pass. a. be made heavy from abundance, מַעְיָנוֹת נִכְבַּדֵּי־מָ֑יִם fountains abounding in water Pr 8:24. b. be honoured, enjoy honour, of man 1 S 9:6; 22:14; 2 S 6:20, 22; 23:19 = 1 Ch 11:21, 2 S 23:23; 2 K 14:10; Is 43:4; 49:5; 1 Ch 4:9 וַיְהִי נִכְבָּד, 11:25 נִכְבָּד הוּא (altered from 2 S 23:23); but more frequent in pt. as subst. honourable, honoured, distinguished man Gn 34:19 Nu 22:15 (JE) Is 3:5; 23:8, 9; Na 3:10; ψ 149:8; נִכְבָּדוֹת ψ 87:3 glorious things; הַשֵּׁם הַנִּכְבָּד וְהַנּוֹרָא Dt 28:58 the glorious and awe-inspiring name (of Yahweh). 2. medial, get oneself glory (or honour), of God Is 26:15; Ez 28:22; 39:13; Hg 1:8; with בְּ in or by any one Ex 14:4, 17, 18 (P); עַל־פְּנֵי Lv 10:3 (P). Piel Pf. 2 m. sf. כִּבַּדְתָּ֫נִי Is 43:23; 3 mpl. כִּבְּדוּ 1 S 6:6; + 3 times Pf.; Impf. יְכַבֵּד Mal 1:6 + 3 times; sf. יְכַבְּדָ֑נְנִי ψ 50:23; 3fs. sf. תְּכַבְּדֵנִי Is 43:20; אֲכַבְּדָה ψ 86:12; + 12 times Impf.; Imv. כַּבֵּד Ex 20:12 + 2 times; + 3 times Imv.; Inf. abs. כַּבֵּד Nu 22:17; + 2 times Inf.; Pt. מְכַבֵּד 2 S 10:3; + 4 times Pt.;— 1. make heavy, insensible (cf. Qal 2) the לב(ב) 1 S 6:6(×2). 2. make honourable, honour, glorify, usually c. human subj.: a. human obj., parents Ex 20:12 = Dt 5:16 (Dec.), Mal 1:6; Balaam Nu 22:17(×2), 37; 24:11(×2) (JE); sons of Eli 1 S 2:29; Saul 1 S 15:30; Nahash 2 S 10:3 = 1 Ch 19:3; Jerusalem La 1:8; more gen. ψ 15:4; subj. God 1 S 2:30 b ψ 91:15, cf. Pr 4:8. b. obj. things, sacred place Is 6:13 (God subj.); the Sabbath Is 58:13. c. God obj. 1 S 2:30 a Is 24:15; 25:3; 43:20 ψ 22:24; 50:15, 23 Pr 14:31; + acc. rei זבחיך Is 43:23; + בְּ instr. (lips) Is 29:13; + מִן (מֵהוֶֹנ֑ךָ) Pr 3:9; obj. the name of י׳, c. acc. ψ 86:12; c. לְ ψ 86:9; obj. the מַלְאַךְ י׳ Ju 13:17. d. subj. indef. (si vera l.), obj. God and man Ju 9:9 (of olive; on text, especially בּוֹ for בִּי, v. GFM). e. obj. a heathen god לֶאֱלֹהַּ Dn 11:38(×2). Pu. be made honourable, honoured. Impf. יְכֻבָּ֑ד Pr 13:18; 27:18; Pt. מְכֻבָּד Is 58:13. Hiph. Pf. הִכְבִּיד La 3:7 + 5 times; 2 f. הִכְבַּדְתְּ Is 47:6; + 4 times Pf.; Impf. וַיַּכְבֵּד Ex 8:28; 9:34; Imv. הַכְבֵּד Is 6:10; Infin. abs. הַכְבֵּד Ex 8:11; cstr. הַכְבִּיד 2 Ch 25:19; Pt. מַכְבִּיד Hb 2:6.— 1. make heavy, a yoke 1 K 12:10, 14 = 2 Ch 10:10, 14, Is 47:6; ellipt. with עַל Ne 5:15; a chain La 3:7; pledges, with עַל Hb 2:6. 2. make heavy, dull, unresponsive, the ears Is 6:10 Zc 7:11; the לֵב Ex 8:11, 28; 9:34; 10:1 (J). 3. cause to be honoured, of depopulated districts of NE. Israel, Is 8:23, of restored nation Je 30:19 (‖ לא יצערו); shew or display honour, 2 Ch 25:19 לְהַכְבִּיד (in ‖ 2 K 14:10 הִכָּבֵד). Hithp. Imv. הִתְכַּבֵּד Na 3:15; f. הִתְכַּבְּדִי Na 3:15; Pt. מִתְכַּבֵּד Pr 12:9;— 1. make oneself heavy, dense, numerous (cf. כָּבֵד 1 b) as locusts Na 3:15(×2). 2. honour oneself Pr 12:9.
ἐξουσ-ία, ἡ, (ἔξεστι) power, authority to do a thing, with infinitive, χαίρειν καὶ νοσεῖν ἐ. πάρεστι Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξουσίαν ὁ νόμος δέδωκε permission to do.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπὶ τῇ τῆς εἰρήνης ἐ. with the freedom permitted by peace, Refs 4th c.BC+ power of life and death, Refs 2nd c.AD+; πρᾶγμα οὗ τὴν ἐ. ἔχουσιν ἄλλοι control over.., Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἐ. τινός power over, licence in a thing, τοῦ λέγειν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν μεγάλῃ ἐ. τοῦ ἀδικεῖνRefs; κατὰ τὴν οὐκ ἐ. τῆς ἀγωνίσεως from want of qualification for.., Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, power, authority, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 abuse of authority, licence, arrogance, ὕβρις καὶ ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 Lit. Crit., ἐ. ποιητική poetic licence, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II office, magistracy, ἀρχαὶ καὶ ἐ. LXX+5th c.BC+; ἡ ὑπατικὴ ἐ. the consulate, Refs 1st c.BC+; ἡ ταμιευτικὴ ἐ. the quaestorship, Refs; δημαρχικὴ ἐ., see at {δημαρχικό; ἡ τοῦ θαλάμου ἐ}., in the Roman empire, lordship of the bedchamber, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 concrete, body of magistrates, Refs 1st c.BC+; αἱ ἐ. (as we say) the authorities, NT+1st c.AD+ __II.2.b ἡ ἐ. as an honorary title, Refs 4th c.AD+ __III abundance of means, resources, ἐξουσίας ἐπίδειξις Refs 5th c.BC+; excessive wealth, opposed to οὐσία, Refs __IV pomp, Refs 1st c.AD+
† III. מָשַׁל vb. rule, have dominion, reign (NH Pt. id.; Ph. משל);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. וּמָשַׁל consec. Zc 6:13 + 2 times, מָשָׁ֑ל Dn 11:4, וּמָשָׁ֑ל consec. v 5; 3 fs. מָשָׁ֑לָה ψ 103:19; 2 ms. מָשַׁלְתָּ Is 63:19, וּמָשַׁלְתָּ֫ Dt 15:16; 3 pl. מָֽשְׁלוּ Is 3:5 La 5:8; Impf. 3 ms. יִמְשֹׁל Ex 21:8 + 3 times, יִמְשׁוֹל Pr 22:7; יִמְשָׁל־ Gn 3:16, etc.; Imv. מְשָׁל־ Ju 8:22; Inf. abs. מָשׁוֹל Gn 37:8; cstr. מְשֹׁל Ju 9:2 +, לִמְשָׁל־ Jo 2:17, etc.; Pt. מֹשֵׁל Gn 45:26 +, etc.;— 1. human subj., rule, have dominion over (בְּ) Gn 3:16; 4:7; 24:2 (all J), 45:8, 26 (E), מָשׁוֹל תִּמְשֹׁל ב׳ 37:8 (E); Dt 15:6(×2) Jos 12:5 (D); Ju 8:22, 23(×2); 9:2(×2); 14:4; 15:11 2 S 23:3 (Pt. abs. = when one ruleth, cf. Dr), 1 K 5:1; 2 Ch 7:18; 9:26; 23:20; Is 3:4, 12; 19:4; Mi 5:1 Hb 1:14; Je 22:30; La 5:8; Jo 2:17; Pr 16:32 (משֵׁל בְּרוּחוֹ), 17:2; 19:20; 22:7 ψ 19:14; 105:21; 106:41 Dn 11:43; Ec 9:17; rarely other preps.: ל (c. inf.) Ex 21:8 (E); עַל־ Pr 28:15; Ne 9:37, אֶל־ Je 33:26; c. sf. Is 52:5 Je 30:21; c. acc. cogn. מ׳ מִמְשָׁל רָ֑ב Dn 11:3, 4; מָשַׁל מִן … וְעַד Jos 12:2 (D); abs. 2 S 23:3 (cf. Dr), Ez 19:14; Zc 6:13 (עַל loc.), Pr 12:24; 29:2; Dn 11:5; especially Pt. as subst. = ruler, משֵׁל־אֶרֶץ Is 16:1, משֵׁל עַמִּים ψ 105:20; abs. Is 14:5; 49:7; Je 51:46(×2) Ez 19:11; Pr 6:7; 23:1; 29:12, 26; Ec 10:4; משְׁלֵי הָעָם הַזֶּה Is 28:14. 2. of heavenly bodies, c. בְּ Gn 1:18. 3. of God, c. בְּ Ju 8:23; Is 63:19 ψ 22:29; 59:14; 89:10; 103:19 1 Ch 29:12; 2 Ch 20:6; abs. ψ 66:7; וּזְרֹעוֹ מ׳ לוֹ Is 40:10 his arm ruling for him. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. sf. consec. וְהִמְשִׁילָם Dn 11:39; Impf. 2 ms. sf. תַּמְשִׁילֵהוּ ψ 8:7; Inf. abs. הַמְשֵׁל Jb 25:2;—cause to rule, sq. acc. pers. + בְּ ψ 8:7 (subj. י׳), Dn 11:39; exercise dominion, only inf. abs. as n. abstr. the exercise of dominion Jb 25:2 (attrib. of God).
† עֱנוּת n.f. affliction;—ψ 22:25; CheJBL xv (1896), 198 proposes צַעֲקַת cry [cf. 𝔊 𝔙 𝔗], (צ dropped out after ץ).
† I. נַעֲרָה n.f. girl, damsel;—abs. נ׳ Ju 19:3 + 22 times, also Qr Gn 24:14 + 20 times Gn Dt (נַעֲרָה Kt in Pent. only Dt 22:19, v. infr.); pl. abs. נְעָרוֹת 1 S 9:11 +, cstr. נַעֲרוֹת Est 4:4; sf. נַעֲרוֹתָיו Ru 2:22; 3:2, נַעֲרֹתֶיהָ Gn 24:61; Ex 2:5, etc.;— 1. girl, damsel; נ׳ קְטַנָּה little girl only 2 K 5:2, cf. v 4, perhaps = young daughters Jb 40:29; elsewhere = young woman 1 S 9:11; especially as marriageable, Gn 24:14, 16, 28, 55, 57; 34:3, 12 (all J), Dt 22:15(×2), 16, 19, 20, 21, 24, 26(×2), 29; 1 K 1:3, 4; Est 2:4, 7, 8, 9, 12(×2), 13; specif. virgin נ׳ בְּתוּלָה Ju 21:12; Dt 22:23, 28; 1 K 1:2; Est 2:2, 3 (cf. Dt 22:15b, 20); נ׳ מְאֹרָשָׂה betrothed girl Dt 22:25, 27; young widow Ru 2:6; 4:12; of a concubine Ju 19:3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, a prostitute Am 2:7. 2. of female attendants, maids (always pl.), Gn 24:61 (J), Ex 2:5 (E), 1 S 25:42; Pr 9:3; 27:27; 31:15; Est 2:9(×2); 4:4, 16; gleaner(s) Ru 2:5, 8, 22, 23; 3:2.— Note. נער Kt in Pent. as fem. (Qr נַעֲ֯רָ is prob. not original; it is not found in Sam. Pent., and fpl. נַעֲרֹתֶיהָ occurs Gn Ex; cf. Ges§§ 2 n., 17 c.
† [אָסַר] vb. tie, bind, imprison (Arabic أَسَرَ, Assyrian asâru, cf. COTGloss, Aramaic אֲסַר, ܐܶܣܰܪ, Ethiopic አሰረ, አሠረ )— Qal Pf. sf. אֲסָרָם Jb 36:13; 3 fs. אָֽסְרָה Nu 30:5 +, etc.; Impf. יֶאְסֹר 1 K 20:14; וַיֶּאֱסֹר Gn 42:24; וַיֶּאְסֹר Gn 46:29 +; pl. sf. יַאַסְרֻנִי Ju 16:7 etc.; Imv. אֱסֹר 1 K 18:44; 2 K 9:21; אִסְרוּ Je 46:4 ψ 118:27; Inf. abs. אָסֹר Ju 15:13; אָסוֹר 16:11; cstr. לֶאְסֹר Nu 30:3 +; לֶאֱסוֹר Ju 15:10; לֶאֱסָרְךָ 15:12; אָסֳּרָם Ho 10:10; Pt. act. cstr. אֹסְרִי Gn 49:11; pass. אָסוּר Gn 40:3 +; pl. אֲסוּרִים 39:20 +; also Ju 16:21, 25 Qr (Kt אסירים); הָ��וּרִים Ec 4:14 (cf. Now); אֲסֻרוֹת 2 S 3:34; cstr. אסורי Gn 39:20; Kt (Qr אֲסִירֵי);— 1. tie, bind, for security, foal to vine (sq. ל) Gn 49:11 (blessing of Jacob); horses and asses 2 K 7:10(×2); ψ 118:27 is dub. De bind the festal victim with cords; Che bind the procession with branches, etc. 2. tie, harness, kine to (ב) cart 1 S 6:7, 10; so (metaph.) Ho 10:10 harness them to (ל) their two iniquities (but Jer Ew Now make א׳ here = יסר chastise, cf. אֶסֳּרֵם v a); also sq. acc. chariot Gn 46:29 (J) Ex 14:6 (E) 2 K 9:21; abs. 1 K 18:44 2 K 9:21; even of making ready chargers א׳ הַסּוּסִים Je 46:4 (‖ עֲלוּ הַפָּרָשִׁים). 3. bind, with cords, fetters, etc., as prisoner, Simeon Gn 42:24 (E), Samson Ju 15:10, 12, 13(×3); 16:5, 7, 8, 11(×2), 12; א׳ בַּנְחֻשְׁתַּיִם 2 K 25:7 = 2 Ch 36:6 = Je 39:7; 52:11; also 2 Ch 33:11; cf. (without בַּנ׳) 2 K 17:4 (א׳ בֵּית כֶּלֶא ‖ עָצַר), 23:33; cf. of divine chastisement Jb 36:13 & v. also Ez 3:25 ψ 149:8; fig. of absolute authority ψ 105:22; especially Pt. pass. 2 S 3:34 thy hands were not bound (‖ and thy feet not put in fetters); א׳ בָּאֿזִקִּים Je 40:1 cf. א׳ בַּזִּקִּים Jb 36:8 (prob. fig. ‖ חַבְלֵי־עֹ֑נִי); metaph. of king held captive by a woman’s tresses Ct 7:6; perhaps = imprisoned (whether bound or not) Gn 39:20; 40:3, 5 (all JE); as subst. pl. prisoners Gn 39:20 (Kt, v. supr.); so (late) as distressed, & obj. of divine compassion Is 49:9; 61:1 ψ 146:7; בֵּית האסיר֯ים prison Ju 16:21, 25; cf. Ec 4:14. 4. gird (rare & late) א׳ אֵזוֹר בְּמָתְנֵיהֶם Jb 12:18 (אֵזוֹר = slaves’ waistcloth, RS p. 25 supr.; Hoffm reads וַ��ָּסַר for וַיֶּאְסֹר); חַרְבּוֹ אֲסוּרִים עַל־מָתְנָיו Ne 4:12. 5. sq. מִלְחָמָה begin the battle, make the attack (cf. Germ. mit jemandem anbinden) 1 K 20:14 2 Ch 13:3. 6. fig. of obligation of oath or vow (only Nu 30, P) א׳ עַל־נֶפֶשׁ, usually sq. acc. cogn. אֱסָר, אִסָּר Nu 30:3, 5(×2), 6, 8, 9, 11, 12; without אֱסָר etc., v 7, 10; cf. v 4 א׳ אִסָּר (עַל־נֶפֶשׁ om.) Niph. pass. of Qal 3, be bound, imprisoned, Impf. (juss.) יֵאָסֵר Gn 42:19 (E); 2 ms. תֵּאָסֵר Ju 16:6, 10, 13 (of Samson); Imv. הֵאָֽסְרוּ Gn 42:16 (E). Pu. Pf. be taken prisoner אֻסְּרוּ Is 22:3; אֻסָּ֑רוּ ib.
[פָּלָא71] vb. denom. Niph. etc., be surpassing, extraordinary (cf. Gerber 212);— Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִפְלָאת ψ 118:23 (Ges§ 44 f); נִפְלְאַ֫תָה 2 S 1:26 (Köi. 610 f., 614 Ges§ 7500); 3 pl. נִפְלְאוּ Pr 30:18; Impf. יִפָּלֵא Dt 17:8 + 6 times; Pt. mpl. נִפְלָאִים ψ 139:14; fs. נִפְלֵאת Dt 30:11; pl. נִפְלָאוֹת Jos 3:5 +; sf. נִפְלְאֹתַי Ex 3:20, etc.;— †1. be beyond one’s power, difficult to do, לעשׂות 2 S 13:2; בְּעֵינֵי פ׳ Zc 8:6(×2); c. מן pers. too difficult for Dt 30:11, for י׳ Gn 18:14 (J) Je 32:17, 27. †2. be difficult to understand; c. מן pers. too difficult for ψ 131:1; Pr 30:18; Jb 42:3, to decide Dt 17:8. Especially †3. a. be extraordinary, wonderful, 2 S 1:26 ψ 119:18; of God’s acts, נ׳ בְּעֵינֵינוּ 118:23, cf. 139:14. b. Pt. as subst. marvellous things Jb 37:14 (acts of God), Dn 11:36 (presumptuous words); as adv. wondrously Jb 37:5; Dn 8:24. 4. נִפְלָאוֹת = wonderful acts of י׳ in judgment and redemption, Ex 3:20 (J) Ju 6:13; Je 21:2 1 Ch 16:9, 24 ψ 9:2; 26:7 + 15 times ψψ; also עשׂה נ׳ Ex 34:10; Jos 3:5 (J) Jb 5:9 = 9:10, + 9 times Chr ψψ; הראה נ׳ Mi 7:15 ψ 78:11. †Pi. Inf. cstr. לְפַלֵּא נֶדֶר make a special votive offering, Lv 22:21 Nu 15:3, 8 (P). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִפְלִיא ψ 31:22; 2 Ch 26:15; הִפְלִא Is 28:29; וְהִפְלָא consec. Dt 28:59 (Ges§ 7500); Impf. יַפְלִא Lv 27:2; Nu 6:2; Inf. abs. הַפְלֵא Is 29:14; 2 Ch 2:8; cstr. הַפְלִיא Is 29:14; Jo 2:26; Pt. מַפְלִא Ju 13:19;— 1. do a hard or difficult thing: הפ׳ (לִנְדֹּר) נֶדֶר make a hard vow Lv 27:2; Nu 6:2 (cf. Pi.). 2. make wonderful, do wondrously: of God, הפ׳ מַכּוֹת make plagues wonderful (exceptional), Dt 28:59; הפ׳ עֵצָה Is 28:29 make counsel wondrous, 29:14 do wonderfully with people, + הַפְלֵא וָפֶלֶא; עשׂה עמכם לה׳ Jo 2:26 dealt with you doing wondrously; הפ׳ חַסְדּוֹ לִי ψ 31:22; הפ׳ לְהֵעָזֵר 2 Ch 26:15 did marvellously in receiving help; of the temple גָּדוֹל וְהַפְלֵא 2 Ch 2:8 (KöSynt. § 318 e). 3. of God, מַפְלִא לעשׂות Ju 13:19 working wonders in doing. †Hithp. Impf. תִּתְפַּלָּא בִי Jb 10:16 thou dost shew thyself marvellous (act inexplicably) against me.
† I. [נָצַח] vb. be pre-eminent, enduring (Ecclus [Pi.] make brilliant 43:5, 13 [?] (cf. Oxford ed.xxxiii); NH נָצַח conquer, etc.; Ph. נצח, Aramaic נְצַח, ܢܨܰܚ shine, be illustrious, pre-eminent, victorious; Arabic نَصَحَ be pure, reliable; Ethiopic ነድሐ be pure, innocent; both classes of meaning prob. derived from shine, be bright, brilliant, v. also Dr 1 S 15:29);— Niph. Pt. act. f. נִצַּ֫חַת Je 8:5 enduring (מְשֻׁבָה apostasy). Piel = act as overseer, superintendent, director, only Chr. and ψ-titles;—Inf. לְנַצֵּחַ 1 Ch 15:21 + 4 times; pt. לַמְנַצֵּחַ Hb 3:19 ψ 4:1 + 54 times ψψ; pl. מְנַצְּחִים 2 Ch 2:1, 17; 34:13;— 1. in building temple 2 Ch 2:1, 17; Ezr 3:8, 9, cf. 2 Ch 34:12, 13. 2. in ministry of house of י׳ 1 Ch 23:4. 3. in liturgical service of song, על־השׁמינית, over the bass voices, leading them with כִּנֹּרוֹת 1 Ch 15:21; לַמְנַצֵּחַ in titles of ψψ has prob. sim. meaning, = musical director or choirmaster; Gk. Vrss. of 2nd cent. a.d., Aq Theod Sym, and so Jer, think of Aramaic victorious, but no clear explan.; 𝔊 εἰς τὸ τέλος (prob. לַמִּנְצָח) follows ordinary meaning of noun נֵצַח, which may be expl. in eschatological sense as referring to end of age of world after Euseb Theod; or for full rendering after De; neither satisfactory. Chr., near in date, gives the clue which is intrinsically prob.: לְ indicates, not assignment (nothing special in these ψψ to suggest it, and assignment of ψψ for such use a matter of course), but that these ψψ were taken by final editor from an older major Psalter known as the Director’s Collection, cf. the still earlier collections known as (ל)דוד, (ל)אסף, (ל)בני קרח. The 55 ψψ with למנצח were taken 39 from Davidic, 9 from Korahite, and 5 from Asaphic Psalters; only 2 anonymous. Hb 3 originally belonged to Director’s Psalter. This and other Director’s ψψ have musical directions in titles. The Director’s Psalter was prob. the prayer-book of synagogue of Gk. period, presupposed by our Hab., the collection of the twelve Minor Prophets, the prophetic canon, and Daniel (v. BrGen. Intr. 123).
† שִׁפְחָה n.f. maid, maid-servant (syn. אָמָה, q.v.; orig. = concubine? cf. √);—abs. שׁ׳ Gn 16:1 +; cstr. שִׁפְחַת v 2 +; sf. שִׁפְחָתִי v 2 +, שִׁפְחָתֶ֑ךָ Ru 2:13, etc.; pl. abs. שְׁפָחוֹת 12:16 +; etc.;— 1. lit., maid, maid-servant, as belonging to a mistress Gn 16:1, 3, 6, 8 (PJ) 29:24, 29 (P) ψ 123:2, Pr 30:23; Is 24:2; even where concubine of master (cf. אָמָה) Gn 16:2, 5 (PJ) 25:12; 35:25, 26 (P) 30:4, 7, 9, 10, 12, 18 (all JE); less often ref. to master 29:24, 29 (J), Ru 2:13, of concubine Gn 32:23, cf. 33:1, 2, 6 (all J); marriageable Lv 19:20 (H, cf. Ex 11:5; not elsewhere in legisl.); in gen., especially of menial service (never אָמָה) Ex 11:5 (J) 1 S 25:41 (opp. אָמָה) 2 S 17:17 (‖ עֶבֶד) Gn 12:16; 24:35 (J) 20:14 (E) 30:43 (P) 32:6 (J; coll.) Dt 28:68; 1 S 8:16; 2 K 5:26; Is 14:2; Je 34:9, 10, 11(×2), 16(×2) Jo 3:2; Ec 2:7; 2 Ch 28:10; Est 7:4. 2. fig. in address, שִׁפְתָֽתְךָ, etc., of speaker, in token of humility (v. אָמָה) Ru 2:13 (‖ אָמָה 3:9), 1 S 1:18 (‖ id. v 16), 25:27 (‖ v 24 f.), 28:21, 22; 2 S 14:6, 7, 12, 15, 17, 19 (‖ אָמָה v 15, 16); 2 K 4:2, 16; not toward God; but v. אָמָה" dir="rtl" >אָמָה.
† אֶבְיוֹן adj. in want, needy, poor,—so, always abs., Dt 15:4 + 40 times; אֶבְיֹנְךָ Ex 23:6 Dt 15:11; אֶבְיוֹנִים Am 4:1 + 14 times; אֶבְיוֹנֵי (אֶבְיֹנֵי) Ex 23:11 Is 29:19; אֶבְיוֹנֶיהָ ψ 132:15—(Hex. only JED; mostly poet., 23 times ψ) needy, chiefly poor (in material things); as adj. Dt 15:7(×2), 9; 24:14 ψ 109:16 (both ‖ עָנִי); elsewhere subst.; ψ 49:3 (‖ עָשׁיר); Dt 15:4, 11; subj. to oppression & abuse Am 2:6; 5:12 (both ‖ צַדִּיק) 4:1; 8:6 (all ‖ דַּל) Is 32:7; Am 8:4 Ez 16:49; 18:12; 22:29 ψ 37:14 Jb 24:4, 14 Pr 30:14—cf. ψ 109:16 supr.—(all ‖ עָנִי) Je 5:28 (‖ יָתוֹם) 2:34; cared for by good Jb 29:16; 30:25 (‖ קְשֵׁה־יוֹם) 31:19 ψ 112:9 Est 9:22; Pr 14:31 (‖ דַּל) 31:20 Je 22:16 (‖ עָנִי); care of them enjoined, negatively Ex 23:6; = cf. Dt 24:14 supr.—positively Ex 23:11 Dt 15:11 Pr 31:9 (both ‖ עָנִי)—cf. Dt 15:7(×2), 9 supr.—ψ 82:4 (‖ דַּל); cared for by God Je 20:13 ψ 107:41; 132:15 Jb 5:15; 1 S 2:8 = ψ 113:7 Is 14:30 (all ‖ דַּל) ψ 35:10; 140:13 (both ‖ עָנִי), cf. Davidic king ψ 72:12 (‖ עָנִי) = v 4 בְּנֵי אֶבְ׳ (‖ id.), v 13(×2) (‖ דַּל); needing help, deliverance from trouble, especially as delivered by God ψ 9:19; 12:6; 40:18 = 70:6; 74:21; 86:1; 109:22 Is 29:19; 41:17 (all ‖ עָנִי) Is 25:4 (‖ דַּל) ψ 69:34; 109:31.
† [יָכַח] vb.Hiph. decide, adjudge, prove, (NH Pi. וִכַּח argue with (עם), cf. Hithp., Hiph. prove, correct; Aramaic Pa וַכַּח, Aph. אוֹכַח, id.)— Hiph. Pf. הוֹכִיחַ Is 2:4 + 5 times; הֹכִיחַ Gn 24:44; הוֹכִחַ Gn 21:25; 2 ms. חֹכַחְתָּ Gn 24:14; 1 s. sf. הוֹכַחְתִּיו 2 S 7:14; Impf. יוֹכִיחַ Is 11:3 + 5 times; יוֹכַח Ho 4:4 + 4 times; יוֹכָ֑ח 1 Ch 12:17; sf. יוֹכִיחֵנִי ψ 141:5 + 12 times Impf.; Imv. הוֹכַח Pr 9:8; Inf. abs. הוֹכֵחַ Lv 19:17 + 5 times; cstr. הוֹכִיחַ Hb 1:12; הַלְהוֹכַח Jb 6:26; Pt. מוֹכִיחַ Ez 3:26 + 8 times; pl. מוֹכִיחִים Pr 24:25;— 1. decide, judge, abs. Gn 31:42 (E), 1 Ch 12:17 Is 11:3 ψ 94:10; c. לְ, decide for Is 2:4 = Mi 4:3, Is 11:4; c. בּין, Gn 31:37 (E), Jb 9:33; לְגֶבֶר עִם אֱלוֹהַּ Jb 16:21. 2. adjudge, appoint, c. לְ, Gn 24:14, 44 (J). 3. shew to be right, prove, c. acc. rei and על pers. against Jb 19:5; c. אל pers. unto Jb 13:15; so argue before v 3, and (abs.) 15:3. 4. convince, convict, c. acc. pers. ψ 50:21 בּ pers. Pr 30:6; c. לְ pers. Jb 32:12. 5. reprove, chide: a. of God, c. acc. pers. Jb 22:4 ψ 50:8; 105:14 = 1 Ch 16:21; c. בּ obj. 2 K 19:4 = Is 37:4. b. of man, abs. Ho 4:4 Ez 3:26 Jb 6:25(×2) Pr 24:25; 25:12; מוֹכִיחַ בַּשַּׁ��ַר Am 5:10 Is 29:21; c. acc. pers. Gn 21:25 (E), Lv 19:17(×2) (H), Pr 9:8; 28:23 Je 2:19; מוֹכִיחַ אֱלוהַּ Jb 40:2; acc. rei Jb 6:26; c. לְ, Pr 9:7, 8; 15:12; 19:25. 6. correct, rebuke, of God, abs. Hb 1:12; c. acc. pers. ψ 141:5 Jb 13:10(×2); בְּשֵׁבֶט 2 S 7:14; happy the man whom God corrects Jb 5:17; for God loves him Pr 3:12; God is entreated not to correct in anger ψ 6:2; 38:2. Hoph. Pf. וְהוּכַח בְּמַכְאוֹב he is chastened also with pain Jb 33:19. Niph. Impf. לְכוּ־נָא וְנִוָּֽכְחָה Is 1:18 come now and let us reason together; Pt. שָׁם יָשָׁר נוֹכָח עִמּוֹ Jb 23:7 there an upright man might reason with him; f. (pass.) וְנֹכָ֑חַת Gn 20:16 (E), but Di SS read וְנֹכַחַתְּ 2 fs. Pf. and thou art set right, righted, justified. Hithp. Impf. עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵל יִתְוַכָּח Mi 6:2 with Israel he will argue (‖ רִיב לי׳ עִם).
† אָמָה n.f. maid, handmaid (Ph. אמת, Arabic أَمَةٌ, Sab. אמת in n.pr. Sab.Denkm.20, Aramaic ܐܰܡܬܳܐ Assyrian amtu ZimBP 67)—א׳ abs. Gn 21:10 +; sf. אֲמָתִי Gn 30:3 +, etc.; pl. abs. אֲמָהֹת Gn 31:33 2 S 6:22; cstr. אַמְהוֹת 2 S 6:20; אַמְהֹתַי Jb 19:15 etc.—maid, handmaid. 1. lit. maidservant (= שִׁפְחָה q.v., wh. however sometimes more servile; rarely P in Hex) Gn 30:3; 31:33 (‖ שִׁפְחָה 29:24, 29 P 30:4 f. J etc.) Ex 2:5 (all E); 2 S 6:20, 22 Jb 19:15 Na 2:8 (sf. refers to mistress, except Jb 19:15 cf. 2 S 6:20, 22); in legisl. (‖ עֶבֶד) Ex 20:10, 17; 21:20, 26, 27, 32 (all E) Lv 25:6, 44(×2) (H) Dt 5:14(×2), 18; 12:12, 18; 15:17 (cf. v. 12) 16:11, 14; cf. also Jb 31:13 Ezr 2:65 Ne 7:67; applied to concubine (sf. of master) Gn 20:17; 21:12 Ex 23:12 (all E) Ju 9:18; 19:19; also Gn 21:10(×2), 13 (16:1 f. P שִׁפְחָה q.v.) Ex 21:7 (all E), vid. on this StaGesch. i. p. 380. 2. fig. in address, אֲמָֽתְךָ etc., referring to speaker, in token of humility; Ru 3:9(×2) (‖ שׁפחה 2:13) 1 S 1:16 (‖ id. v 18) 25:24(×2), 25, 28, 31, 41 (‖ id. v 27) 2 S 14:15, 16 (‖ id. v 6, 7, 12, 15, 17, 19); 20:17; 1 K 1:13, 17; 3:20; in addressing God (never שׁפחה) 1 S 1:11(×3), cf. בֶּן־א׳ ψ 86:16; 116:16.
† דַּל adj. low, weak, poor, thin (especially common in Wisd. lit. and poet.)—דַּל Lv 14:21 + 8 times, דָּל֑ Ex 23:3 + 17 times + דָּל֥ ψ 82:3; דַּלִּים Am 2:7 + 17 times; דַּלּוֹת Gn 41:19;—weak, thin, of kine Gn 41:19 (E); of Amnon 2 S 13:4; weak, of family of Saul 2 S 3:1 (opp. חָזֵק) cf. Ju 6:15; reduced, poor (opp. rich) Lv 14:21 (P) Ru 3:10 (opp. עָשִׁיר) Je 5:4 (opp. to הגדולים, v 5) Pr 28:15 Zp 3:12 (עַם עָנִי וָדָל֑); mostly subst., a poor (man), the poor Ex 23:3 (JE); opp. to עָשִׁיר Ex 30:15 (P) Pr 10:15; 22:16; 28:11; opp. הוֹן Pr 19:4; ‖ אביון 1 S 2:8 Jb 5:16 ψ 72:13; 82:4; 113:7 Pr 14:31 Is 14:30; 25:4 Am 4:1; 8:6; cf. also Jb 20:10, 19 Pr 22:9 Je 39:10; reduced, weak, helpless (‖ עני) Jb 34:28 ψ 82:3 (‖ also יתום), Pr 22:22 Is 10:2; 11:4; 26:6 Am 2:7; ‖ אלמנה Jb 31:16; opp. שׁוֹעַ Jb 34:19;—cf. also ψ 41:2 Pr 19:17; 21:13; 28:3, 8; 29:7, 14.
עָצַר46 vb. restrain, retain (NH id.; cf. prob. Assyrian eṣêru, retain, restrain, DlHWB 122 JägerBAS i.483 Zehnpfundib.500* cf. Assyrian uṣurtu, taboo SACJA, 1904, 754.; Ethiopic ዐጸረ: press, Arabic عَصَرَ; 𝔗 עֲצַר, Syriac ܥܨܰܪ id.);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ Gn 20:18 +, sf. עֲצָרַנִי 16:2; 1 s. עָצַרְתִּי Dn 10:8, 16, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַעְצֹר 1 S 9:17 +, יַעְצָר־ 2 Ch 2:5; sf. יַעֲצָרְכָה 1 K 18:44, etc.; Inf. abs. עָצֹר Gn 20:18, cstr. לַעְצֹר 2 Ch 22:9, וַעְצֹר Jb 4:2 (Ges§ 28 b); Pt. pass. עָצוּר Je 33:1 +, etc.;— 1. restrain, c. acc. pers. Gn 16:2 (J; + מִן, i.e. prevent), עָצֹר עָצַר בְּעַד כָּל־רֶחֶם 20:18 (E), cf. abs. Is 66:9 (opp. מוֹלִיד); sq. inf. 2 K 4:24; c. acc. pers. alone 1 K 18:44 hinder, stop; c. acc. of sky (hindering rain) Dt 11:17; 2 Ch 7:13; pt. pass. abs. shut up, or hindered (for reasons not given) Je 36:5; Ne 6:10 (? by a vow, or by ceremonial uncleanness, cf. RSSem i. 436 f., 2nd ed. 455 f.); = shut up (c. ב, in prison) 2 K 17:4, pt. pass. Je 33:1; 39:15, fig. 20:9; on עָצוּר וְעָזוּב (5 times), v. עָזַב" dir="rtl" >I. עזב; עֲצֻרָה לָנוּ 1 S 21:6 women have been kept away with ref. to us (cf. RSl.c.); עָצוּר מִפְּנֵי 1 Ch 12:1 kept away from before Saul; = detain, c. acc. Ju 13:15, 16; in Jb c. בְּ, ע׳ בְּמִלִּין 4:2, cf. 29:9, so בַּמַּיִם 12:15; ע׳ בְּעַמִּי 1 S 9:17 is rule over, etc. (si vera l.); ins. also (with other words) 10:1 𝔊 We Dr al. 2. (late) retain, c. acc. כֹּחַ 2 Ch 13:20; 22:9 Dn 10:8, 16; 11:6; + inf. = be able to 1 Ch 29:14 2 Ch 2:5; om. כֹּחַ 14:10 (+ עִמְּךָ), 20:37 (+ inf.). †Niph. be restrained, stayed, of plague: Pf. 3 fs. נֶעֱצָ֑רָה Nu 17:15; Impf. 3 fs. תֵּעָצַר 2 S 24:21 = 1 Ch 21:22, וַתֵּעָצַר Nu 17:13; 25:8 (P) 2 S 24:25 ψ 106:30; be shut up (of sky), Inf. cstr. בְּהֵעָצֵר 1 K 8:35 = 2 Ch 6:26; be under restraint or detention Pt. נֶעְצָר 1 S 21:8 + לִפְנֵי י׳ (? i.e. kept by a vow, cf. HPS and Ne 6:10 supr.).
† [נָקָה] vb. be empty (?), clean (Ecclus 16:11b Niph. Impf. ינקה be unpunished, so 40:15; 31:5 = Pr 28:20; NH Pi. = BH; Aramaic נְקָא Pa. = BH, adj. נְקֵא clean; Ph. נקי adj. pure; Palm. נקא be clean (perhaps) in n.pr. SachauZMG xxxv (1881), 735 Lzb325; Assyrian nâḳû, pour out, pour libation, make offering, nikû, libation, offering; Old Aramaic נקיה perhaps = נוּקָיָה libation (Lzb326), cf. Syriac ܢܽܘܩܳܝܳܐ Cook83; Syriac ܢܰܩܺܝ Pa. pour out, make a libation; 𝔗 נְקָא Pa. = cleanse (with lye) Is 1:25; adj. נְקֵא clean of bread or fruit Gn 40:16 𝔗J i, Dt 6:3 𝔗J ii, = exempt (BH נָקִי) 1 K 15:22. on the other hand, Arabic نَقِىَ purus, mundus fuit Kam. Frey; ii. cleanse, etc., Lane3037.—Orig. meaning prob. empty out, hence pour and be empty, clean);— Qal Inf. abs. נָקֹה Je 49:12 (נָקֹה תִּנָּקֶה, prob. error for הנקה ת׳, cf. Je 25:29). Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִקָּה Zc 5:3 + 5 times; f. נִקְּתָה Nu 5:28; נִקָּ֑תָה Is 3:26; 2 ms. נִקֵּיתָ Gn 24:8; 1 s. נִקֵּיתִי Ju 15:3 + 2 times; Impf. יִנָּקֶה Pr 6:29 + 6 times; 2 ms. תִּנָּקֶה Gn 24:41 + 2 times; pl. תִּנָּקוּ Je 25:29(×2); Imv. הִנָּקִי Nu 5:19; Inf. הִנָּקֵה Je 25:29;— 1. be cleaned out, of a plundered city Is 3:26; purged out, of liars and perjurers Zc 5:3(×2). 2. be clean, free from guilt, innocent, Je 2:35 c. מִן, מִפֶּשַׁע ψ 19:14; מֵעָוֹן Nu 5:31 (P); מִפְּלִשְׁתִּים from (at the hands of) the Philistines Ju 15:3. 3. be free, exempt from punishment, abs. Ex 21:19 (E) Nu 5:28 (P) 1 S 26:9; לֹא יִנָּקֶה Pr 6:29; 11:21; 16:5; 17:5; 19:5, 9; 28:20; Je 25:29(×3) 49:12b, נָקֹה תִּנָּקֶה v 12a. 4. free, exempt from obligation, c. מִן, from oaths Gn 24:8, 41 (J); מִמֵּי הַמָּרִים from effects of drinking the bitter water Nu 5:19 (P). Piel Pf. 1 s. נִקֵּיתִי Jo 4:21 (𝔊 𝔖 נִקַּמְתִּי; so Now SS Buhl); Impf. 3 ms. יְנַקֶּה Ex 20:7 + 2 times; יְנַקֵּ֑ה Nu 14:18 Na 1:3; 2 ms. sf. תְּנַקֵּנִי Jb 9:28; 10:14; תְּנַקֵּהוּ 1 K 2:9; 1 s. sf. אֲנַקֶּ֑ךָּ Je 30:11; 46:28; Imv. sf. נַקֵּנִי ψ 19:13; Inf. abs. נַקֵּה Ex 34:7 + 4 times;— 1. hold innocent, acquit, Jb 9:28; מֵעֲוֹנִי Jb 10:14; מִנִּסְתָּרוֹת ψ 19:13. 2. leave unpunished: of man, c. acc. 1 K 2:9; elsewhere of God: abs. נַקֵּה לֹא יְנַקֶּה Ex 34:7(×2) = Nu 14:18(×2) (all J) = Na 1:3(×2); c. acc. לֹא יְנַקֶּה Ex 20:7 = Dt 5:11; נַקֵּה לֹא אֲנַקֶּךָּ Je 30:11(×2) = 46:28(×2), cf. Jo 4:21(×2) (but v. supr.).
τῑμ-ή, ἡ, (τίω, see ad near the end). __I worship, esteem, honour, and in plural honours, such as are accorded to gods or to superiors, or bestowed (whether by gods or men) as a reward for services, τιμῆς ἔμμοροί εἰσι Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐν τ. τίθεσθαι or ἄγειν τινά, Refs 5th c.BC+; τιμὴν νεῖμαι, ἀπονέμειν τινί, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῖς φίλοις τιμὰς νέμειν pay due regard, Refs 5th c.BC+; τιμὰς ὤπασας, πορών, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. εὑρίσκεσθαι, δέκεσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; τιμῆς λαχεῖν, τυχεῖν, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ γεραίτεροι ταῖς τῶν νέων τιμαῖς ἀγάλλονται paid to them by the young, Refs 5th c.BC+ the honour due to them, Refs 5th c.BC+ with honour, honourably, Refs 5th c.BC+; τιμῆς ἕνεκα as a mark of honour, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 honour, dignity, lordship, as the attribute of gods or kings, Refs 8th c.BC+; δίθρονος.. καὶ δίσκηπτρος τ. Refs: generally, like{γέρας}, prerogative or special attribute of a king, and in plural his prerogatives, Refs 8th c.BC+; βασιλικαὶ τ. imperial prerogatives, Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.3 a dignity, office, magistracy, and in plural, civic honours (τιμὰς λέγομεν εἶναι τὰς ἀρχάς Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔν τε ταῖς ἀρχαῖς καὶ ταῖς ἄλλαις τ. Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ ἐν τιμαῖς men in office, Refs 5th c.BC+; τιμὰς ἴσχειν hold the office of τιμοῦχος (which see), Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, office, task, ἄχαρις τιμή Refs 5th c.BC+ —also, __I.3.b a person in authority, an authority, κλῦτε δὲ Γᾶ (Ahrens for τὰ) χθονίων τε τιμαί Refs 4th c.BC+; καὶ τὰ καρτερώτατα τιμαῖς ὑπείκει yield to authorities, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.4 present of honour, compliment, offering, e.g. to the gods, Refs 8th c.BC+; reward, present, ἢ ἀργύριον ἢ τιμή Refs 5th c.BC+; τιμαὶ καὶ δωρεαίRefs 4th c.BC+; τῶν εὐεργεσιῶν τιμὰς φέρονται Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.5 ἡ Δάου τ. 'the worthy Refs 4th c.BC+ __II of things, worth, value, price, Refs; ἐξευρίσκοντες τιμῆς τὰ κάλλιστα at a price, Refs 5th c.BC+. to name two prices, Refs; ἀξιοῦν τι τ. τινός Refs; περὶ τῆς τ. διαφέρεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐμοὶ δὲ τιμὰ τᾶσδε πᾷ γενήσετα; Refs 5th c.BC+; ἑστηκυῖαι τ. fixed prices, Refs 3rd c.BC+; ὑπὲρ τιμῆς πυροῦ payment of money representing the value of wheat, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 valuation, estimate, for purposes of assessment, τοῦ κλήρου Refs 5th c.BC+ __III compensation, satisfaction, penalty, τιμὴν ἀρνύμενοι Μενελάῳ.. πρὸς Τρώων Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀποτινέμεν, τίνειν τιμήν τινι, pay or make it, Refs; τιμὴν ἄγειν Refs 8th c.BC+; οὐ σὴ.. ἡ τ. the penalty is not yours, Refs 5th c.BC+ 'value, honour'; sense 111 perhaps arose from a later association with τίνω.)
† נָקִי adj. clean, free from, exempt;—נ׳ Gn 24:41 + 31 times; cstr. נְקִי ψ 24:4; pl. נְקִיִּים Je 2:34; נְקִיִּם Gn 44:10 + 6 times;— 1. free from guilt, clean, innocent, ‖ צַדִּיק: נָקִי וְצַדִּיק Ex 23:7 (E), נָקִי innocent person Jb 4:7; 17:8; 22:19, 30; 27:17 ψ 10:8; 15:5; Pr 1:11; נקיים Jb 9:23; דם נקי innocent blood, first used in D, Dt 19:10; 27:25; 1 S 19:5; 2 K 21:16; 24:4 ψ 94:21; 106:38; Pr 6:17; Is 59:7; Je 7:6; 22:3; 26:15; דם הנקי Dt 19:13 2 K 24:4 Je 22:17; הדם הנקי Dt 21:9; דם נקיים Je 19:4; נָקִי מִדְּמֵי 2 S 3:28 (+ מֵעִם י׳); נְקִי כַפַּיִם ψ 24:4; אביונים נקיים Je 2:34. 2. free from punishment Ex 21:28 (E) 2 S 14:9. 3. free, exempt from obligations Gn 44:10 (J); from service in war Nu 32:22 (P; + מִן pers., v. מִן 2 d), Dt 24:5 1 K 15:22 (cf. Arabic نَقِىَّ and WetzstZMG xxii (1868), 129); c. מן, from oaths Gn 24:41 (J) Jos 2:17, 19, 20 (JE).
† כָּבֵד adj. heavy;—כ׳ Gn 41:31 + 34 times; cstr. כְּבַד Ex 4:10(×2); כֶּ֫בֶד Is 1:4; pl. כְּבֵדִים Ex 17:12; cstr. כִּבְדֵי Ez 3:5, 6;— 1. a. heavy, a burden ψ 38:5; hands (weary of holding up) Ex 17:12 (E), hair of head 2 S 14:26, a corpulent old man 1 S 4:18; עַם כֶבֶד עָוֹן Is 1:4 a people heavy with (the burden of) iniquity; a cloud charged with rain Ex 19:16 (E); a rock of large size Is 32:2; oppressive, grievous, burdensome, a yoke 1 K 12:4, 11 = 2 Ch 10:4, 11; a famine Gn 12:10; 41:31; 43:1; 47:4, 13 (J); the vexation (כַּעַם) of a fool Pr 27:3; vehement, sore, of a mourning Gn 50:11 (J). b. massive, abundant, numerous, of a people עַם Nu 20:20 (J) 1 K 3:9; army חיל 2 K 6:14; 18:17 = Is 36:2; insect swarm Ex 8:20 (J). c. heavy, dull of speech and tongue Ex 4:10(×2) (JE); of the לֵב, hard Ex 7:14 (J). d. burdensome, of a thing Ex 18:18 (E) people Nu 11:14 (J); of a people to be understood Ez 3:5, 6. 2. in the usage of J כָּבֵד מְאֹד is frequent: a. very oppressive, grievous, of hail Ex 9 18:24; murrian Ex 9:3; lamentation Gn 50:10. b. very numerous, cattle Ex 12:38; army, מַחֲנֶה Gn 50:9; locusts Ex 10:14; so חַיִל 1 K 10:2 = 2 Ch 9:1. c. very rich, במקנה in cattle Gn 13:2.
ὑποτάσσω, Attic dialect ὑποτάττω, passive, future ὑποτᾰγήσομαι Refs 1st c.AD+aorist 2 ὑπετάγην [ᾰ] Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.:—place or arrange under, assign, τινί τι Refs 2nd c.BC+ —passive, τὸ ὑποτεταγμένον (i.e. ὀστέον) the inferior bone, i. e. the ulna, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II post in the shelter of, ὑποτάσσεσθαι τινι Refs 2nd c.AD+; draw up behind, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 subject, ἑαυτοὺς οὐδενί Refs 5th c.BC+; subdue, make subject, Θηβαΐδα Refs 1st c.BC+; ἔθνη NT+2nd c.AD+:—passive, to be obedient, τινι NT+1st c.AD+; ὑποτάξονται they will submit, Refs 1st c.AD+: absolutely, κοὐχ ὑποτᾰγεὶς ἐβάδιζεν ὥσπερ Νικίας dejectedly, timidly, Refs 5th c.BC+ (assuming variant); οἱ ὑποταττόμενοι subjects, Refs 2nd c.BC+, etc.; ὑποτεταγμένοι subordinates, Refs 1st c.BC+; ὑποτεταγμέναι ἀρεταί subordinate virtues, i. e. the sub-divisions of the four cardinal (πρῶται) virtues, Refs __II.3 passive, with dative, underlie, to be implied in or associated with, τὰ -τεταγμένα τοῖς φθόγγοις Refs 4th c.BC+; τὰ -τεταγμένα, ἡ -τεταγμένη διάνοια, of the content or meaning which underlies a writer's words, Refs 1st c.BC+ __III put after, Refs 1st c.AD+; subjoin, append, ὑποτετάχαμέν σοι.. τὸ ἀντίγραφον Refs 2nd c.BC+ —passive, τὰ -τεταγμένα what follows, Refs 2nd c.AD+; οἱ -τεταγμένοι [ἀριθμοί] the numbers that follow, Refs 1st c.AD+; οἱ ὑποτεταγμένοι the following persons, Refs 3rd c.AD+; κῶμαι αἱ ὑποτεταγμέναι the following villages, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III.2 take as a minor premiss, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __IV govern the subjunctive, Refs
† עָנִי adj. poor, afflicted, humble;—ע׳ Dt 24:12 + 51 times; pl. עֲנִיִּים Is 3:15 + 6 times; cstr. עֲנִיֵּי Is 10:2 + 4 times (v. also Kt and Qr sub עָנָו supr.); sf. עֲנִיֶּיךָ ψ 72:2; 74:19, עֲנִיֶּ֑ךָ Dt 15:11; עֲנִיָּו Is 49:13; fs. עֲנִיָּה Is 51:21; 54:11 (+ Is 10:30 MT, but read עֲנִיהָ, v. I. ענה);— 1. poor, needy, ‖ אביון Dt 15:11; 24:14, 15; Pr 31:20, ‖ יתום Jb 24:12; Ex 22:24 (E), Dt 24:12; having right to gleanings Lv 19:10; 23:22 (H); יְמֵי ע׳ Pr 15:15, cf. Pr 14:21 (Kt). 2. poor and weak, oppressed by rich and powerful Is 3:14, 15; 32:7 (Qr), 58:7; Jb 29:12; 36:6, 15; Pr 30:14; Ec 6:8; Ez 18:17; Zc 7:10; Jb 24:4, also Am 8:4 (Qr); ‖ דל Jb 34:28; Pr 22:22; עֲנִיֵּי עַמִּי Is 10:2; ענו ואביון Jb 24:14; Pr 31:9; Je 22:16; Ez 16:49; 18:12; 22:29. 3. poor, weak, afflicted Israel, or pious in Israel afflicted by wicked nations or the wicked in Israel itself ψ 10:2, 9(×2), 14:6 (dub., cf. ψ 53:6) 102:1 (or n.pr.), Is 14:32; Hb 3:14; of Zion, עֲנִיָּה Is 51:21; 54:11; שׁד ע׳ ψ 12:6; יחיד וע׳ 25:16; עני ואביון 35:10; 37:14; 40:18 = 70:6, 74:21; 86:1; 109:16, 22, pl. Is 41:17; עני וְכוֹאֵב ψ 69:30; ע׳ וָרָשׁ 82:3; עֱנוּת ע׳ 22:25; ע׳ וְג̇וֵעַ 88:16 ‖ דל Is 26:6 Zp 3:12; ע׳ וּנְכֵה־רוּחַ Is 66:2;—Zc 11:7, 11 v. ii. כְּנַעֲנִי²" dir="rtl" >כְּנַעֲנִי;—God does not forget them ψ 9;13 (Kt)19 (Qr) 10:12 (Kt) 74:19, but has pity on them Is 49:13, saves ψ 34:7, delivers 35:10, and bestows various favours 68:11; 140:13, the king also judges 72:2, 4, and delivers 72:12. 4. humble, lowly, Zc 9:9 (victorious king); opp. לֵצִים Pr 3:34 (Kt); opp. גֵּאִים 16:19 (Kt); עם עני opp. עינים רמות ψ 18:28 = 2 S 22:28.
† [כָּנַע] vb. be humble, only in der. conj. (Aramaic כְּנַע id.; Arabic كَنَعَ is be contracted, wrinkled; also fold wings (of eagle))— Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִכְנַע 1 K 21:29 + 3 times; 3 pl. נִכְנְעוּ 2 Ch 12:7; 30:11; נִכְנָ֑עוּ 2 Ch 12:7; Impf. יִכָּנַע Lv 26:41 + 3 times; 3 fs. וַתִּכָּנַע Ju 3:30; 2 ms. וַתִּכָּנַע 2 K 22:19 + 2 times; 3 mpl. וְיִכָּֽנְעוּ 2 Ch 7:14 + 5 times; יִכָּנֵ֑עוּ 1 Ch 20:4; Inf. הִכָּנַע 2 Ch 33:23; sf. הִכָּֽנְעוֹ 2 Ch 12:12; 33:19;— 1. reflex. humble oneself Lv 26:41 (H; subj. לְבָבָם), 2 Ch 7:14; 12:6, 7(×2), 12; 30:11; 32:26; 33:19, 23; before some one, לִפְנֵי 2 Ch 34:27; מִלִּפְנֵי 1 K 21:29 2 Ch 33:12, 23; 34:27; 36:12; מִפְּנֵי 1 K 21:29 2 K 22:19. 2. pass. be humbled, subdued 1 S 7:13 1 Ch 20:4 2 Ch 13:18; sq. לִפְנֵי pers. Ju 8:28; מִפְּנֵי Ju 11:33; under some one תַּחַת Ju 3:30 ψ 106:42. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִכְנִיעַ 2 Ch 28:19; 1 s. הִכְנַעְתִּי 1 Ch 17:10; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּכְנַע Ju 4:23 ψ 107:12; sf. יַכְנִיעֵם Dt 9:3 + 2 times; 2 ms. תַּכְנִיעַ Is 25:5; וַתַּכְנַע Ne 9:24; 1 s. אַכְנִיעַ ψ 81:15; Imv. הַכְנִיעֵהוּ Jb 40:12;— 1. humble 2 Ch 28:19 Jb 40:12 ψ 107:12 (obj. לֵב), Is 25:5 (obj. שְׁאוֹן זָרִים). 2. subdue enemies 2 S 8:1 = 1 Ch 18:1, 1 Ch 17:10 ψ 81:15; sq. לִפְנֵי Dt 9:3 Ju 4:23 Ne 9:24.
πτωχός, ή, όν, also ός, όν Refs 5th c.BC+:— beggar, Refs 8th c.BC+ beggar-woman, NT+5th c.BC+ __2 metaphorically, οἱ π. τῷ πνεύματι NT __II as adjective, beggarly, πτωχῷ διαίτῃ NT+5th c.BC+: with genitive, beggared of, poor in, [πηγὴ] π. νυμφῶν Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.2 comparative πτωχότερος Refs 4th c.BC+; proverbial, π. κίγκλου 'as poor as a church mouse', Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative πτωχότατος Refs 6th c.AD+ __II.3 adverb -χῶς poorly, scantily, ἠροτρία π. μέν, ἀλλ᾽ ἀναγκαίως Refs 2nd c.AD+
† [חָבַשׁ] vb. bind, bind on, bind up (NH id.; Assyrian abâšu, according to DlW 70, Pr 174; Arabic حَبَسَ confine, restrict; yet on Assyrian ḫibšu ‘Kopfbinde’ (c. חֿ), etc., v. ZehnpfundBAS i. 499, 526; Aramaic ܚܒܰܫ; cf. ܚܒܽܘܫܝܳܐ, חֲבוּשְׁיָא imprisonment, etc.)— Qal Pf. 2 ms. וְחָבַשְׁתָּ֫ Ex 29:9; 2 mpl. חֲבַשְׁתֶּם Ez 34:4; Impf. יַחֲבוֹשׁ Jb 34:17; וַיַּחֲבֹשׁ Gn 22:3 + 4 times; וִיַּחֲבָשׁ־ 1 K 13:23; וְיֶחְבָּ֑שׁ Jb 5:18; וַיַּחְבְּשֵׁנוּ Ho 6:1; 3 fs. וַתַּחֲבֹשׁ 2 K 4:24; אֶהֱבֹשׁ Ez 34:16; cohort. אֶחְבְּשָׁה־ 2 S 19:27 (but cf.infr.); וָאֶחְבְּשֵׁךְ Ez 16:10; וַיַּחְבְּשׁוּ־ 1 K 13:13; וַיַּחֲבֹ֑שׁוּ 1 K 13:27; Imv. חֲבֹשׁ Jb 40:13; חֲבוֹשׁ Ez 24:17; חִבְשׁוּ 1 K 13:13, 27; Inf. cstr. חֲבֹשׁ Is 30:26; 61:1; לְחָבְשָׁהּ Ez 30:21 (del. Co, cf. 𝔊). Pt. act. חֹבֵשׁ Is 3:7; pass. חָבוּשׁ Jon 2:6; חֲבוּשִׁים Ju 19:10; חֲבֻשִׁים 2 S 16:1 Ez 27:24;— 1. bind, bind on: a. headgear, c. acc. rei, לְ pers. Ex 29:9 Lv 8:13 (both P); c. על pers. Ez 24:17; pass. of seaweeds clinging about head סוּף חָבוּשׁ לְרֹאשִׁי Jon 2:6; c. sf. pers. et בְּ rei וָאֶחְבְּשֵׁךְ Ez 16:10 and I bound (or wound) about thee (i.e. thy head, Sm VB) שֵׁשׁ (in metaph. of י׳’s care for Jerus.; ‖ אַלְבִּישֵׁךְ, אֶנְעֲלֵךְ); fig. of punishment for wicked פְּנֵיהֶם חֲבֹשׁ בטמון Jb 40:13 veil their faces in darkness (‖ טָמְנֵם בֶּעָפָר) v. Di b. pass. prob. twined, twisted in חֲבָלִים חֲבֻשִׁים וַאֲרֻזִים Ez 27:24, cords twisted and strong, v. Sm Da. Especially c. of equipping a beast for riding; ass, in acc. Gn 22:3 Nu 22:21 (both E), 2 S 17:23 & 19:27 (where however read לוֹ חָבְשָׁה־לִּי, so 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Th We Dr), 1 K 2:40; 13:13(×2), 23, 27(×2) (v 27 b no dir. obj. expressed) 2 K 4:24; pass., also of asses, Ju 19:10 2 S 16:1. d. fig. = restrain, control (Germ. bändigen), abs. Jb 34:17. 2. bind up, viz. a wound, usually in fig., of comforting the distressed, etc.; c. sf. pers. Ho 6:1 (‖ רָכָּא, opp. הִכָּה); sq. לְ pers. לַחֲבֹשׁ לְנִשְׁבְּרֵי־לֵב Is 61:1; cf. Ez 34:4 (sq. לַנִּשְׁבֶּרֶת; ‖ חַזֵּק, רִפֵּא), v 16 (sq. id.; ‖ חִזֵּק); sq. acc. rei בְּיוֹם חֲבֹשׁ י׳ אֶת־שֶׁבֶר עַמּוֹ Is 30:26;26 (‖ רָפָא); c. acc. of Pharaoh’s broken arm Ez 30:21 (si vera l., v. supr.; cf. Pu.); abs. Jb 5:18 (opp. הִכְאִיב; ‖ רָפָה = רָפָא); also Is 3:7 of repairing fortunes of people. Pi. Pf. חִבֵּשׁ bind, restrain מִבְּכִי נהרות Jb 28:11; Pt. מְחַבֵּשׁ bind up לְעַצְבוֹתָם ψ 147:3. Pu. Pf. be bound up חֻבְּשָׁה Ez 30:21 (metaph.) Pharaoh’s broken arm; חֻבָּ֑שׁוּ Is 1:6 (wounds of land of Judah).
פְּקֻדָּה32 n.f. oversight, mustering, visitation, store;—abs. פ׳ Ho 9:7; 1 Ch 23:11; cstr. פְּקֻדַּת Nu 3:32 +; sf. פְּקֻדָּתוֹ 109:8, etc.; pl. פְּקֻדּ(וֹ)ת Je 52:11 +;— 1. visitation: a. = punishment Ho 9:7; Is 10:3; Mi 7:4; Ez 9:1; Nu 16:29 (P), especially in (שְׁנַת)עֵת פְּקֻדָּתָם Je 8:12; 10:15 + 6 times Je (cf. עֵת c. פָּקַד 6:15; 49:8; 50:31), בֵּית הַפּ׳ = prison 52:11. b. gracious visitation, providence Jb 10:12. 2. a. oversight, charge Nu 4:16 (P), also 3:36 (P; redund.), 1 Ch 26:30; = office 2 Ch 23:18. b. overseer (abstr. for concr.), 2 K 11:18; Ez 44:11 (c. אֶל rei), Nu 3:32 (P); coll. = magistracy Is 60:17 (LagBN 151), cf. 2 Ch 24:11. c. class of officers 1 Ch 23:11; 24:3, 19. d. charge = thing entrusted Nu 4:16 (P). 3. mustering 2 Ch 17:14; 26:11. 4. store, things laid up, Is 15:7 ψ 109:8 (perhaps; Hup WeSkizzen vi. 184 al. office).
II. צוּר vb. confine, bind, besiege (NH id., wrap (rare); Aramaic צוּר besiege, beleaguer);— Qal Pf. 2 ms. וְצַרְתָּ֫ Dt 14:25, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּ֫צַר 1 K 20:1 +, 2 ms. תָּצוּר Dt 20:19, etc.; Imv. fs. צוּרִ֫י Is 21:2 (after עֲלִי Köi. 444, cf. Ges§ 72 s); Inf. cstr. לָצוּר 1 S 23:8; Pt. pl. צָרִים 1 K 15:27 +;— 1. confine, secure (‖ I. צרר), acc. rei + ב of receptacle Dt 14:25; 2 K 5:23; Ez 5:3; complem. om. 2 K 12:11. 2. shut in, besiege, c. עַל of city 2 S 11:1; 1 K 15:27; 16:17; 20:1; 2 K 6:24, 25; 17:5; 18:9; 24:11; Is 29:3 (+ acc. of siege-works), Je 32:2; 37:5; 39:9; Dt 20:12; Ez 4:3; Dn 1:1; c. עַל pers. (Within city) 2 S 20:15; 2 K 16:5; Je 21:4, 9; c. אֶל of city (for עַל) Dt 20:19; c. אֶל pers. 1 S 23:8; c. אֵת of city only 1 Ch 20:1 (‖ 2 S 11:1 supr.); abs. Is 21:2.—הִנָּם צָרִים אֶת־הָעִיר עָלֶיךָ Ju 9:31 is corrupt; FrankenbRichterbuch 28 Bu GFMHpt Now מְעִרִים inciting against. 3. shut up, enclose: נָצוּר עָלֶיהָ לוּחַ אָ֑רֶז Ct 8:9 (על of maid [under fig. of door] + acc. mater., cf. Is 29:3 supr.); c. sf. pers. ψ 139:5 (fig., י׳ subj.).
† מָנַע vb. withhold, hold back (NH id.; Zinj. מנע DHMSendsch. 60; Arabic مَنَعَ; Sab. מנע Levy-OsZMG xix. 1865, 268; Aramaic מְנַע);— Qal Pf. מ׳ Gn 30:2; sf. מְנָעַ֫נִי 1 S 25:34; מָנַ֫עְתָּ ψ 21:3 Ne 9:20, etc.; Impf. יִמְנַע־ ψ 84:12; sf. יִמְנָעֵ֫נִי 2 S 13:13 etc.; Imv. מְנַע Pr 1:15; מִנְעִי Je 2:25; 31:16; Pt. מֹנֵעַ Pr 11:26 Je 48:10;—withhold, sq. מִן Gn 30:2 (obj. פְּרִי־בֶטֶן), Am 4:7 (rain), Ne 9:20 (manna; all subj. י׳); Jb 22:7 (bread), 1 K 20:7 (obj. om.; both hum. subj.), so Je 48:10 (sword), Ec 2:10 (heart), Je 5:25 (good), Pr 3:27 (id.), 1:15 (foot); Je 2:25 (id.) 31:16 (voice); further, 2 S 13:13 (woman), Je 42:4 (דָּבָר), Jb 31:16 (מן part.), Pr 23:13 (correction), obj. om. י׳ subj. Pr 30:7; מִן om. Pr 11:26 (obj. corn); cf. ψ 21:3 subj. י׳ (obj. אֲרֶשֶׁת שְׂפָתָיו ‖ נָתַן תַּאֲוַת לֵב), Jb 20:13 fig. (wickedness), Ez 31:15 י׳ subj. (obj. rivers); obj. pers. י׳ subj. sq. מן Nu 24:11; sq. מִן + inf. 1 S 25:26, 34; sq. לְ, subj. י׳ ψ 84:12 (good). Niph. Pf. נִמְנַע Jo 1:13; Impf. יִמָּנַע Jb 38:15, etc.; be withholden sq. מִן, subj. מִנְחָה etc. Jo 1:13; light from wicked Jb 38:15; Nu 22:16 (sq. מִן + inf.); subj. showers (רְבִבִים) Je 3:3.
† שָׁפֵל vb. be or become low, be abased (NH, der. spec.; Assyrian šapâlu, der. spec. and deriv.; Sab. ספל n. humility or lowland DHMxxix (1875), 604; Arabic سَفِلَ, سَفُلَ, سَفَلَ be low (LagBN 48); Aramaic שְׁפַל, ܫܦܰܠ (der. spec.));— Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Is 2:11; 2 fs. וְשָׁפַלְתְּ 29:4, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּשְׁפַּל 2:9; 5:15; 3 fpl. תִּשְׁפַּלְנָה 5:15, etc.; Inf. cstr. שְׁפַל Ec 12:4; Pr 16:19, v. infr.;— 1. all Is: become (be brought, laid) low, of trees Is 10:33 (‖ גְּדֻעִים), mts. 40:4 (opp. נִשָּׂא), of כָּל־נִשָּׂא 2:12 (but read, for שׁ׳, נִשְׂגָּב [Kohler], or גָּבֹהַּ [Lag], so Du CheHpt. Di-Kit Marti); fig. be humiliated, of man 2:9; 5:15, his loftiness 2:17, haughty eyes v 11 (all ‖ שָׁחַח), 5:15; of city 32:19; as helping vb. (= adv.) וְשׁ׳ מֵאֶרֶץ תְּדַבֵּ֑רִי 29:4 thou shalt speak low out of the ground (Ges§ 120 g; ‖ מֵעָפָר תִּשַּׁח אִמְרָתֵךְ). 2. שְׁפַל־רוּחַ Pr 16:19 to be lowly of spirit, so Buhl SS Toy al.; Thes RobGes. al. sub שָׁפָל. 3. of sound Ec 12:4. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִשְׁפִּיל Is 25:12, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַשְׁפִּיל ψ 75:8, sf. יַשְׁפִּילֶנָּה יַשְׁפִּילָהּ Is 26:5 (but 2nd vb. prob. doublet), etc.; Imv. mpl. (sf.) (הַשְׁפִּילֵ הוּ Jb 40:11 Je 13:18; Inf. cstr. sf. הַשְׁפִּילְךָ Pr 25:7 (Ez 21:31 read abs. הַשְׁפֵּיל, ‖ הַגְבֵּהַּ, so Co Krae Ges§ 113 bb R. 3); Pt. מַשְׁפִּיל 1 S 2:7 ψ 147:6; מַשְׁפִּילִי (Ges§ 90 l) ψ 113:6;— 1. usually fig., י׳ subj., lay low, tree Ez 17:24 (opp. הִגְבַּהְתִּי); city Is 26:5 (‖ הֵשַׁח); fortress 25:12 (+ הֵשַׁח; Du thinks doublet of 26:5); humiliate pride v 11; 13:11, cf. Jb 40:11; obj. עֵינַיִם רָמוֹת ψ 18:28, so read also ‖ 2 S 22:28, י׳מַשׁ׳אַף־מְרוֹמֵם 1 S 2:7, רְשָׁעִים ψ 147:6; זֶה יַשׁ׳ וְזֶה יָרִים 75:8, cf. Ez 21:31. 2. hum. subj. set one in a lower place Pr 25:7; subj. hum. pride Pr 29:23; declar. Is 57:9 thou didst shew abasement עַד־שְׁאוֹל. 3. as helping vb.: + vb. coörd., הַשׁ׳ שֵׁ֑בוּ Je 13:18 make low, sit down = take a low seat (Ges§ 120 g); + inf. מַשׁ׳ לִרְאוֹת ψ 113:6 he who maketh low to look upon heaven and earth (i.e. י׳; ‖ הַמַּגְבִּיהִי לָשָׁ֑בֶת v 5; Ges§ 114n).—הִשְׁפִּילוּ וַתֹּאמֶר גֵּוָ֑ה Jb 22:29 is dub.; ‖ יוֹשִׁעַ favours אֱלוֹהַּ as subj., which Bu conj. for וַתֹּא׳, read then הִשְׁפִּיל, א׳ hath abased pride, so (in part) Du; > they cast (thee) down (RV); men are cast down (הִשׁ׳ intrans.; AV, cf. LagBN 121); (thy ways) are brought low (Ew De Di).
† מָנָה vb. count, number, reckon, assign (NH id.; Assyrian manû DlHWB 416; Arabic مَنَى assign, apportion; Aramaic ܡܢܳܐ, מְנָא);— Qal Pf. מָנָה Nu 23:10; וּמָנִ֫יתִי Is 65:12; Impf. 2 ms. תִּמְנֶה־ 1 K 20:25; וַיִּמְנוּ 2 K 12:11; Imv. מְנֵה 2 S 24:1; Inf. cstr. לִמְנוֹת Gn 13:16 + 4 times; Pt. מוֹנֶה Je 33:13 ψ 147:4;— 1. count, number (cf. סָפַר) dust (grains) Gn 13:16 (J), cf. עֲפַר יַעֲקֹב Nu 23:10 (JE); money 2 K 12:11; stars (מ׳ מִסְפָּר לַכּוֹכָבִים) ψ 147:4; flock Je 33:13 (symb. of peace); days ψ 90:12; people, army 2 S 24:1 1 Ch 21:1, 17, cf. 27:24 (object om.); 1 K 20:25. 2. reckon, assign, appoint לַחֶרֶב Is 65:12 (with play on מְנִי v 11). Niph. Pf. נִמְנָה Is 53:12; Impf. יִמָּנֶה Gn 13:16 1 K 3:8; יִמָּנוּ 1 K 8:5=2 Ch 5:6; Inf. cstr. הִמָּנוֹת Ec 1:15;— 1. be counted, numbered, of descendants Gn 13:16 (J), of people 1 K 3:8 (‖ נִסְפַּר); of sacrificial animals 1 K 8:5=2 Ch 5:6 (both ‖ id.); indef. Ec 1:15. 2. be reckoned, assigned (a place), of servant of י׳ Is 53:12 (c. אֶת פֹּשְׁעִים). Pi. (late and poet.) (Biblical Aramaic and 𝔗 מַנִּי);—Pf. מִנָּה Dn 1:10, 11; מִנּוּ Jb 7:3; Impf. וַיְמַן Jon 2:1 + 4 times; Imv. מַן ψ 61:8; appoint, ordain, food Dn 1:10, v 5 (sq. לְ), officer v 11 (sq. על); nights of weariness (לֵילוֹ�� עָמָל) Jb 7:3 (subj. indef.; sq. לְ); in story of Jonah, obj. fish Jon 2:1, ricinus 4:6, worm v 7, wind v 8 (all subj. י׳); obj. חֶסֶד וֶאֱמֶת ψ 61:8 (subj. י׳). Pu. Pt. pl. מְמֻנִּים 1 Ch 9:29 appointed, of porters (sq. עַל).
I. [קָשָׁה] vb. be hard, severe, fierce (NH קָשָׁח be severe; Arabic قَسَا (ى) be hard, dry, iii. endure, struggle against, severity; Aramaic קְשָׁא, ܩܫܳܐ be hard, difficult; J.Aram קְשִׁי, קַשְׁיָה adj. hard);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. קָֽשְׁתָה 1 S 5:7, קָשָׁ֑תָה Gn 49:7; Impf. 3 ms. יִקְשֶׁה Dt 1:17; 15:18, וַיִּ֫קֶשׁ 2 S 19:44;— 1. be hard, difficult Dt 1:17 (of a legal case; מִן compar.). 2. be hard, severe, ק׳ יָדוֹ עָלֵינוּ 1 S 5:7 (of י׳, in judgment); יִק׳ בְעֵינֶ֑ךָ Dt 15:18 it shall not be hard in thine eyes (seem a severe trial, an injustice); of wrath Gn 49:7 (poem in J; ‖ עָ֑ז); of fierce words 2 S 19:44. Niph. Pt. נִקְשֶׁה Is 8:21 hardly bestead, hard pressed. Pi. Impf. 3 fs. וַתְּקַשׁ בְּלִדְתָּהּ Gn 35:16 (E) she made hard in her bearing (had severe labour). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִקְשָׁה Ex 13:15 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיֶּקֶשׁ 2 Ch 36:13; 3 mpl. וַיַּקְשׁוּ Je 7:26 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. sf. בְּהַקְשֹׁתָהּ Gn 35:17; Pt. מַקְשֶׁה Pr 28:14; 29:1;— 1. make difficult, difficulty: הִקְשָׁה לְשַׁלְּחֵנוּ Ex 13:15 Pharach made difficulty about sending us away; of travail Gn 35:17 (E; as Pi.); הַקְשִׁיתָ לִשְׁאוֹל 2 K 2:10 thou hast made hard to ask, asked a hard thing. 2. make severe, burdensome, yoke imposed by king 1 K 12:4 = 2 Ch 10:4. 3. a. make hard, stiff, stubborn, fig. of obstinacy: וַיַּקְשׁוּ אֶת־עָרְפָּם 2 K 17:14 they stiffened their neck, so Je 7:26; 17:23; 19:15; Dt 10:16; 2 Ch 30:8; 36:13; Ne 9:16, 17, 29 Pr 29:1; אַל־תַּקְשׁוּ לְבַבְכֶם ψ 95:8, cf. Pr 28:14; subj. י׳, אַקְשֶׁה אֶת־לֵב פ׳ Ex 7:3 (P), acc. אֶת־רוּחוֹ Dt 2:30. b. shew stubbornness Jb 9:4 (c. אֶל pers. [י׳]).
† חָשַׂךְ vb. withhold, refrain (NH חָסַךְ, Aramaic חֲסַךְ, ܚܣܰܟ Palm. חסך remit, spare, VogNos. 6, 15; Sab. משחכן weaned (child) DHMZMG 1875, 608)— Qal Pf. חָשַׂךְ Gn 39:9 + 4 times (+ Ez 30:18 Ba; v. חשׁך; Is 38:17 v. infr.), חָשָׂ֑ךְ Is 14:6, חָֽשְׂכוּ Jb 30:10, חָשָׂ֑כוּ Je 14:10, etc.; Impf. יַחְשׂךְ Jb 16:5 + 2 times; 2 ms. תַּחְשׂךְ Is 58:1, תַּחְשׂוֹךְ Pr 24:11; 2 fs. תַּחְשׂ֑כִי Is 54:2, etc.; Imv. חֲשׂךְ ψ 19:14; Pt. חֹשֵׂךְ Pr 10:19; 11:24; חוֹשֵׂךְ Pr 13:24; 17:27; sq.— 1. a. withhold, keep back, keep for oneself, acc., Gn 22:12 (E), v 16; 39:9 (sq. מִמֶּנִּי; both J); abs. Pr 21:26 (opp. נָתַן); withhold the rod (שׁבט) in discipline, Pr 13:24; no obj. expr. 11:24; 24:11. b. keep one from evil, calamity, Sheʾôl etc., c. acc. and מִן Gn 20:6 (E), 1 S 25:39 ψ 19:14; ח׳ מִמָּוֶת נַפְשָׁם ψ 78:50 cf. Jb 33:18 Is 38:7 (read חָשַׂכְתָּ or חֲשׂךְ for MT חָשַׁקְתָּ, v. חשׁק); abs. hinder (i.e. calamities from coming) Is 14:6; ח׳ לְמַטָּה מֵעֲוֹנֵנוּ Ezr 9:13 thou hast kept back, downward (= and kept down), part of our iniquity, i.e. hast not punished us according to our full desert. c. hold in check c. acc. 2 S 18:16 (or spare v. infr.); obj. רַגְלֵיהֶם Je 14:10; especially of keeping silence, obj. פִּי Jb 7:11 restrain my mouth, שׂפתים Pr 10:19, אמרים 17:27; מִפָּנַי לֹא ח׳ רֹק Jb 30:10 from my face they have not withheld spittle (= they have spit in my face). d. refrain (from doing what is mentioned in the context), abs. Is 54:2; 58:1. e. spare, c. acc. pers. 2 K 5:20 he hath spared Naaman מִקַּחַת so as not to take (= and hath not taken anything) out of his hand; perhaps also 2 S 18:16 Joab spared the people (v supr.). f. reserve for, c. acc. + לְ Jb 38:23. 2. (abs.) restrain, check (pain) i. e. assuage, so appar. MT Jb 16:5 (v. Di Kau; I would not restrain condolence of my lips, 𝔊 𝔖 Me, reading לא אחשׂך for יחשׂך).—Ez 30:18 v. חשׁן" dir="rtl" >חשׁך. Niph. Impf. לְיוֹם אֵיד יֵחָשֶׂךְ־רָע Jb 21:30 at the day of calamity the wicked is spared (pass. of Qal 1 e); יֵחָשֵׂךְ Jb 16:6 be assuaged, of pain (pass. of Qal 2).
† III. [עָנָה] vb. be bowed down, afflicted (NH id.; MI Pi. ויענו l5, אענו l6; Assyrian enû, thwart, frustrate, do violence to; Arabic عنو, عَنَا be lowly, submissive, v. Rahlfsעָנִי und עָנָו in d. Psalmen (1892), 67 ff.; 𝔗 עַנִּי Pa. oppress; Syriac Ethpe. humble oneself, and deriv.);— Qal Pf. 1 s. עָנִיתִי ψ 116:10; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲנֶה Is 25:5; 31:4, etc.;— 1. be put down or become low, of song of triumph Is 25:5 (others as Hiph. he putteth down, ‖ תַּכְנִיעַ). 2. be depressed, downcast Is 31:4 (of lion; ‖ יֵחָ֑ת). 3. be afflicted ψ 116:10; 119:67; Zc 10:2. Niph. Pf. 1 s. נַעֲנֵיתִי ψ 119:107; Inf. cstr. לֵעָנֹת (perhaps read as Qal Ges§ 51 l) Ex 10:3; Pt. נַעֲנֶה 53:7; fs. נַעֲנָה 58:10;— 1. humble oneself מִפְּנֵי Ex 10:3. 2. be afflicted ψ 119:107 Is 53:7; 58:10. Piel. Pf. 3 ms. עִנָּה Dt 22:24 + 5 times; 2 ms. עִנִּיתָ ψ 88:8; 1 s. עִנֵּיתִי ψ 35:13, sf. וְעִנִּתִךְ consec. Na 1:12, etc.; Impf. יְעַנֶּה Jb 37:23, etc.; Imv. עַנּוּ Ju 19:24; Inf. abs. עַנֵּה Ex 22:22; cstr. עַנּוֹת Is 58:5 +, etc.; Pt. pl. sf. מְעַנַּיִךְ Is 60:14 Zp 3:19;— 1. humble, mishandle, afflict: individual Gn 16:6; 31:50 (J) Ex 22:21, 22(×2) (E) Jb 30:11; by imprisonment and bonds Ju 16:5, 6, 19 ψ 105:18; a nation by way or in bondage Gn 15:13 (J) Ex 1:11, 12; Nu 24:24(×2) (E) Dt 26:6; 1 S 12:8 (inserting וַיְעַנּוּם מִצְרַיִם, so 𝔊 Dr Bu Kit HPS (cf. Th We]), 2 S 7:10; 2 K 17:20 ψ 94:5; Is 60:14; Zp 3:19; dynasty of David ψ 89:23. 2. humble, a woman by cohabit., Gn 34:2 (J) Dt 21:14; 22:24, 29; Ju 19:24; 20:5 2 S 13:12, 14, 22, 32; Ez 22:10, 11; La 5:11. 3. afflict as a discipline (God agent) Dt 8:2, 3, 16; 1 K 11:39 ψ 88:8; 90:15; 119:75; Is 64:11 Na 1:12(×2) La 3:33. 4. humble, weaken, obj. כֹּחַ ψ 102:24; משׁפט Jb 37:23 (cf. Talm עִנָּה דִּין); נֶפֶשׁ oneself, by fasting Lv 16:29, 31; 23:27, 32; Nu 29:7 (P) ψ 35:13; Is 58:3, 5; by an oath Nu 30:14 (P). Pu. Pf. 1 s. עֻנֵּיתִי ψ 119:71; Impf. 3 fs. תְּעֻנֶּה Lv 23:29; Inf. cstr. sf. עֻנּוֹתוֹ ψ 132:1; Pt. מְעֻנֶּה Is 53:4;— 1. be afflicted, in discipline by God ψ 119:71; 132:1 Is 53:4. 2. be humbled by fasting Lv 23:29 (P). Hiph. Impf. 2 ms. sf. תַּעֲנֵם 1 K 8:35 = 2 Ch 6:26 afflict, in discipline. Hithp. Pf. 3 ms. הִתְעַנָּה 1 K 2:26; 2 ms. הִתְעַנִּיתָ v 26; Impf. 3 mpl. יִתְעַנּוּ ψ 107:17; Imv. הִתְעַנִּי Gn 16:9; Inf. cstr. הִתְעַנּוֹת Ez 8:21 Dn 10:12;— 1. humble oneself (c. תַּחַת יָדֶיהָ Gn 16:9 (J). 2. be afflicted, by men 1 K 2:26(×2) by God in discipline ψ 107:17. 3. humble oneself in fasting Ezr 8:21 Dn 10:12.
† I. [רָדָה] vb. have dominion, rule, dominate (NH רָדָה, 𝔗Jon רְדָא, chastise; Arabic رَدَى tread, trample; Syriac ܪܕܳܐ chastise, also (and so Assyrian radû) go, flow);— Qal Pf. 3 pl. consec. וְרָדוּ Is 14:2; Lv 26:17; 2 mpl. רְדִיתֶם Ez 34:4; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יִרְדֶּנּוּ Lv 25:53, וַיִּרְדֶּ֑נָּה La 1:13, juss. וְיֵרְדְּ Nu 24:19 ψ 72:8; 2 ms. תִּרְדֶּה Lv 25:43, 46, etc.; Imv. ms. רְדֵה ψ 110:2; mpl. רְדוּ Gn 1:28; (Jo 4:13 v. ירד); Inf. cstr. רְדוֹת Ez 29:15; Pt. רֹדֶה 1 K 5:4; Is 14:6; sf. רִדֵם ψ 68:28; pl. הָרֹרִים 1 K 5:30 + 2 times;—have dominion, rule, over, usually c. ב pers. vel pop. 1 K 5:4, 30; 9:23 = 2 Ch 8:10; Is 14:2; Lv 25:43, 46, 53; 26:17; Ez 29:15; Ne 9:28 ψ 49:15; ב of fish, etc., Gn 1:26, 28; בְּקֶרֶב ψ 110:2; c. acc. pers. Ez 34:4; Is 14:6 (perhaps + acc. cogn., v. [מִרְדָּה] infr.); acc. om. Nu 24:19 (מִיַּעֲקֹב), Je 5:31 (+ עַל־יְדֵיהֶם, v. יָד 5 h (2); vid. also ingenious conj. sub II. רדה; but יוֹרוּ teach), ψ 72:8; for וַיִּרְדֶּנָּה La 1:13 and it (the fire) prevailed against them (my bones), read perhaps יָרָ֑דָה into my bones it descended (Bu).—רֹדֵם ψ 68:28 is dub.; Grill Hup-Now Che Du קִדֵּם. יְרַד Ju 5:13(×2) v. יָרַד" dir="rtl" >יָרַד. Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. וּמְלָכִים יַרְדְּ Is 41:2 and kings he causeth (him) to dominate; but apoc. form strange, read יָרֹד (√ רדד q.v.) Ew Di Du; יַחֲרִד 𝔊 Klo Che.
[רוּשׁ or רִישׁ]24 vb. be in want, poor (related to ירשׁ [cf. Qal 3, Niph. Hiph. 3
ἐλεύθερος, α, ον (ος, ον Refs 5th c.BC+: later ἐλαύθερος Refs; Elean ἐλεύθαρος Refs:— free, Refs 8th c.BC+ has the word only in Refs 8th c.BC+ the day of freedom, i.e.freedom, Refs 8th c.BC+; and κρητὴρ ἐλεύθερος the cup drunk to freedom,Refs 4th c.BC+; of persons, Refs 7th c.BC+: comparative, Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative, Refs; τὸ ἐ. freedom, Hdt Refs, etc.; τοὐλεύθερον Refs 5th c.BC+: c.genitive, free or freed from a thing, φόνου, πημάτων, φόβου, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔξω αἰτίας ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. ἀπ᾽ ἀλλήλων independent, Refs 5th c.BC+ __b ἐλευθέρα, ἡ, married woman, Refs 2nd c.AD+; wife, Refs 5th c.AD+; but, freedwoman, Refs __c free, of cities, in Roman Law, Refs 4th c.AD+ __2 of things, free, open to all, ἀγορά Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. φυλακή,= Latin libera custodia, Refs 1st c.BC+; unencumbered, of property, Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 ἐλεύθερον εἶναί τινι, with infinitive, legally permissible, open to.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II ={ἐλευθέριος}, fit for a freeman, free, frank, φρήν Refs 5th c.BC+; βάσανοι ἐ. tortures such as might be used to a freeman, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+: frequently in adverb -ρως, εἰπεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+; χαίρειν.. καὶ γελᾶν ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+; παιδευθεὶς ἐ. Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐλεύθεροι ἐλευθέρως free and like free men, Refs 5th c.BC+. (Cf. Latin līber, from Ital. *loufero-(cf. Osc. Refs 5th c.BC+ (e)leudh-ero-: the connexion with Slavonic liud, OHG. liut, etc. 'people' is doubtful.)
κωλύω, future -ύσω Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐκώλῡσα Refs 5th c.BC+; perfect κεκώλῡκα Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, future κωλυθήσομαι LXX+2nd c.AD+: also in middle form -ύσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐκωλύθην Refsperfect κεκώλῡμαιRefs. [ῡ always before a consonant: common before a vowel, κωλῡόμεσθα Refs 7th c.BC+.]:—hinder, prevent:—Constr.: __1 with accusative et infinitive, κ. ἐκρέειν τὸν Νεῖλον Refs 5th c.BC+; κώλυεν [μιν] μεῖναι Pi.[same place]; τί δῆτα καὶ σὲ κωλύει <λαβεῖν> κέρδο; Refs 5th c.BC+:— passive, χρημάτων σπάνει Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ ὕδατος πιεῖν from drinking the water, Refs 5th c.BC+ __1.b rarely with participle pro infinitive, κ. τινὰ πόλεμον εἰσάγοντα Refs:—passive, μὴ κωλύωνται περαιούμενοι Refs 5th c.BC+ __1.c with relative clause, κωλύειν εἴ τις ἐπαγγέλλεται, = {τινὰ μὴ ἐπαγγέλλεσθαι}, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐκωλύσαμεν, ἵνα γένησθε.. Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 with genitive of things, κ. τινά τινος hinder one from a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, τῆς ὁρμῆς ἐκωλύθησαν Refs 2nd c.BC+ __3 with accusative of things, prevent, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ἐν τούτῳ κεκωλῦσθαι ἐδόκει τὰ πράγματα Refs 5th c.BC+; μηδὲ.. δαπάνῃ κεκωλύσθω let there be no hindrance by reason of expense, Refs __3.b withhold, τι ἀπό τινος LXX+NT __4 with accusative person, hinder, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 absolutely, οὐδ᾽ ὁ κωλύσων παρῆν Refs 5th c.BC+; of the tribune's intercessio, Refs 1st c.AD+; τὸ κωλῦον hindrance, Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive may be supplied, εἶτα τίς σε κωλύει (i.e. γεωργεῖν); Refs 5th c.BC+; αὐτοὶ ὠφελούμενοι τοὺς πολεμίους κωλύσετε [ὠφελεῖσθαι] Refs 5th c.BC+ __6 frequently in Refs there is nothing to hinder, with accusative et infinitive, ὁμόψηφον τὸν Ἀργεῖον εἶναι κ. οὐδέν Refs 5th c.BC+; τί κ. ἡμᾶς διελθεῖ; Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐδὲν κ., absolutely, as a form of assent, be it so, Refs 5th c.BC+; τί γὰρ κ.; Refs 5th c.BC+; οὔτε ἐκεῖνο κωλύει ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖς neither is that any hindrance, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὔτε μίαν δυοῖν τὴν αὐτὴν εἶναι κ. nor is there any hindrance to one of two being the same, Refs 4th c.BC+
† [גָּרַע] vb. diminish, restrain, withdraw (NH id., Aramaic גְּרַע, ܓܪܰܥ shave head, etc.; cf. جَرِعَ swallow)— Qal Impf. יִגְרַע Jb 36:7, יִגְרָ֑ע Ex 21:10; 2 ms. תִּגְרַע Dt 13:1 + 3 times; אֶגְרַע Ez 5:11 (but cf. infr.), וָאֶגְרַע Ez 16:27; תִּגְרְעוּ Ex 5:8 + 2 times; Inf. לִגְרֹעַ Ex 3:14; Pt. גְּרוּעָה Is 15:2 (so Baer; v. d. H. גְּדוּעָה v. גדע), גְּרֻעָה Je 48:37;— 1. diminish, usually sq. מִן Ex 5:8, 19 (the tale of bricks), Dt 4:2; 13:1 (in both, word of י׳; opp. הוסיף) cf. Ec 3:14, and also Je 26:2 (c. acc.); c. acc. also Ex 21:10 (food etc.) cf. Ez 16:27; Pt. pass. diminished, clipped, of beard, Je 48:37 and Is 15:2 (so Baer, rightly, cf. his note and v. גדע). 2. restrain Jb 15:4 (c. acc. שִׂיחָה meditation, devotion), Jb 15:8 (c. acc. חָכְמָה, sq. אֵלֶיךָ, i. e. unto, for thyself, monopolize; De Di Da render draw unto thyself, appropriate; Schult. comp. Arabic swallow, cf. Ew saugst zu dir ein Weisheit). 3. withdraw Jb 36:7 (obj. עַיִן, eye, sq. מִן); Ez 5:11 absol. (si vera l.); Co. reads אֶתְגָּרֶה, for אֶגְרַע, on intern. grounds; others: withdraw (thy needs) Sm (cf. 16:27); withdraw (mine eye) Ges Ke. Niph. Pf. וְנִגְרַע consec. Lv 27:18; וְנִגְרְעָה Nu 36:3; Impf. יִגָּרַע Nu 27:4; 36:4, יִגָּרֵ֑עַ Nu 36:3; 1 pl. נִגָּרַע Nu 9:7; Pt. נִגְרָע Ex 5:11;— 1. be withdrawn c. מִן Nu 36:3(×2), 4 (inheritance, נחלה); Nu 27:4 a name out of a family; Ex 5:11 (מֵעֲבֹדַתְכֶם דָּבָר); impers. Lv 27:18 (abatement shall be made). 2. be restrained sq. inf. Nu 9:7. Pi. Impf. יְגָרַע Jb 36:27 withdraw = draw up c. acc. נִטְפֵי־מָ֑יִם cf. Di (on other hand, De al. draw down, let down).
† [קָרָה] vb. encounter, meet, befall (‖ II. קָרָא; NH קָרָה meet (rare), קְרִי misfortune, specif. (nocturnal) pollution, and so Aramaic קִרְיוּתָא, ܩܶܪܝܳܐ; Arabic قَرَا (و) is go, seek earnestly, قَرَى receive hospitably as guest; Ethiopic ii. 3, አቃረየ: present, offer as sacrifice);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. sf. קָֽרְךָ Dt 25:18, (ו)קָרָהוּ Gn 44:29 +; Impf. 3 ms. יִקְרֶה Ec 9:11 + Dn 10:14 Kt (Qr יִקְרָא), וַיִּ֫קֶר Ru 2:3, sf. יִקְרְךָ Nu 11:23, יִקְרֵךְ 1 S 28:10 (d. f. dirim.); Pt. fpl. קֹרֹת Gn 42:29;— 1. encounter, meet, acc. pers. Dt 25:18, cf. (acc. rei) וַיִּ֫קֶר מִקְרֶהָ חֶלְקַת וגו׳ Ru 2:3 her chance lighted upon a field, etc. 2. befall, acc. pers., subj. evil Gn 44:29 (J) 1 S 28:10, י׳’s word Nu 11:23 (JE), indef. Gn 42:29 (J) Is 41:22 (abs.) Est 4:7; 6:13 Dn 10:14 (ל pers.); עֵת וָפֶגַע יִק׳ אֶת־כֻּלָּם Ec 9:11; subj. מִקְרֶה 2:14, cf. v 15. Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִקְרָה Ex 3:18; 1 s. נִקְרֵיתִי 2 S 1:6; Impf. 3 ms. יִקָּרֶה Nu 23:3, וַיִּקָּר v 4, 16; 1 s. אִקָּרֶה v 15;— 1. encounter, meet without pre-arrangement, usually of י׳ (God): c. עַל pers. Ex 3:18 (J), אֶל pers. Nu 23:4, 16; יִקּ׳ י׳ לִקְרָתִי v 3 (all JE); obj. י׳ (om.) v 15. 2. chance to be present, ב loc., 2 S 1:6 (+ Inf. abs. נִקְרֹא). Hiph. 1. of י׳, cause (the right thing, good fortune) to occur, c. לִפְנֵי pers.; Pf. 3 ms. הִקְרָה Gn 27:20; Imv. ms. הַקְרֵה 24:12 (both J). 2. of Israel, Pf. 2 mpl. consec. וְהִקְרִיתֶם לָכֶם עָרִים Nu 35:11 ye shall (cause cities to occur rightly for yourselves, i.e.) select cities as suitable.
βᾰσῐλ-εύω, to be king, rule, reign, οὐ μέν πως πάντες βασιλεύσομεν ἐνθάδ᾽ Ἀχαιοί Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐν ὑμῖν.. βασίλευε was king among you, Refs 8th c.BC+; also of a woman, ἢ βασίλευεν ὑπὸ Πλάκῳ reigned as queen, Refs 8th c.BC+: in aorist, to have become king, Refs 5th c.BC+: with genitive, to be king of, rule over, ἐν.. Ἰθάκῃ βασιλεύσει Ἀχαιῶν Refs 8th c.BC+: with dative, to be king among, Γιγάντεσσιν βασίλευεν LXX+8th c.BC+:—passive, to be governed by a king, Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, to be governed or administered, Refs 5th c.BC+: hence, submit to the king, Refs 1st c.AD+ __b to be ἄρχων β. at Athens, Refs 5th c.BC+ of other magistrates, Refs __c later ἡ βασιλεύουσα πόλις the imperial city, of Rome, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 enjoy as master, τῶ χρυσῶ β. Refs 3rd c.BC+ __3 absolutely, live royally, β. ἐν πενίᾳ NT+1st c.AD+ __II causal, appoint as king, τινά LXX; but β. τισὶ βασιλέα make them a king,LXX
τῑμάω, Refs 8th c.BC+: future τιμήσω Refs, Doric dialect 3rd.pers. plural τιμᾱσεῦντι Refs 3rd c.BC+: aorist ἐτίμησα Refs 5th c.BC+, Epic dialect τίμησα Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect τετίμηκα Refs 5th c.BC+, Doric dialect τετίμᾱκα Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, future τιμήσομαι always in passive sense, Refs 5th c.BC+, where it is used in a technical sense (see. below Refsaorist ἐτιμησάμην in senses shared by active, Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, future τιμηθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐτιμήθην Refs 5th c.BC+; Lyric poetry 3rd.pers. plural τίμᾱθεν Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect τετίμημαι Refs 8th c.BC+middle in technical sense, see Refs:—honour, revere, reverence (in this sense the middle is used only by Refs 8th c.BC+; of the honour rendered to superiors, as by men to gods, by men to their elders, rulers, or guests, περὶ κῆρι θεὸν ὣς τιμήσαντο LXX+8th c.BC+; conversely of the honour bestowed by gods upon a man, μερμήριζε (i.e. Ζεὺς).., ὡς Ἀχιλῆα τιμήσῃ Refs 8th c.BC+; by a father on his son, Refs 8th c.BC+; by an elder brother, Refs 8th c.BC+, and Attic dialect, ἐξόχως τίμας εν Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸν φίλον τιμῶσιν ἐξ ἴσου πατρί Refs 5th c.BC+ bestow honours, Refs 5th c.BC+: hence simply, reward, Refs 5th c.BC+ (so in passive, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπαινεῖν καὶ τ., τ. καὶ δωρεῖσθαι, δωρεῖσθαί τε καὶ τ., τ. καὶ χαρίζεσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+ will honour him with gifts, Refs 8th c.BC+; τιμᾶν τινα τάφῳ, γόοις, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, mostly in perfect τετίμημαι, which alone is passive in Refs 8th c.BC+, to be honoured, held in honour, Refs 8th c.BC+: with accusative cognate attracted to genitive, ὥς μευ ἀεὶ μέμνησαι ἐνηέος, οὐδέ σε λήθω, τιμῆς ἧς τέ μ᾽ ἔοικε τετιμῆσθαι Refs 8th c.BC+ (= Latin quattuor militiis) Refs 2nd c.AD+; οἱ τετιμηυένοι men of rank, men in office, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ τιμώμενοιRefs 5th c.BC+; τῆς πόλεως τὸ τιμώμενον ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄρχειν the honour enjoyed by the city, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of things, hold in honour or esteem, value, prize, Refs 5th c.BC+; τί τὴν τυραννίδα τιμᾷς ὑπέρφε; Refs 5th c.BC+; νόμους τ. Refs; τὴν εὐσέβειαν, ἀγνωμοσύναν, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 with genitive pretii, estimate or value at a certain price, Refs 5th c.BC+; πλοῖα τετιμημένα χρημάτων Refs 5th c.BC+ that each man should have his property valued (for assessment), Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ τιμηθέν the estimate, Refs 5th c.BC+:—frequently in middle, διακοσίων ταλάντων ἐτιμήσατο <τὰ> αὑτοῦ estimated his property at.. , Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸ παντὸς τιμᾶσθαί τι, like{περὶ παντὸς ποιεῖσθαι} (see. περί Refs 5th c.BC+; πλείονος, μείζονος τιμᾶσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; μίαν ἡδονὴν θανάτου τ. Refs 4th c.BC+: without a genitive, ἐτιμήσαντο τήν τε χώραν καὶ τὰς οἰκίας Refs 2nd c.BC+: simply, value, estimate, ἐν προικί Refs 4th c.BC+; τινα LXX+NT __II.3 rarely, award or give as an honour, Παιάν τέ σοι τιμᾷ φάος Refs 5th c.BC+ __III as Attic dialect lawterm Refs __III.1 in active (later in middle, Refs 3rd c.BC+, of the court, estimate the amount of punishment due to the criminal, award the penalty, τιμάτω τὸ δικαστήριον, ὅ τι ἂν δέῃ πάσχειν.. τὸν ἡττηθέντα Refs 5th c.BC+; ἅπασι τ. τὴν μακράν (i.e. γραμμήν) award them the long line, i.e. sentence of death, Refs 5th c.BC+ I carry penalty in my eyes, am itching for pains and penalties, Refsgive sentence of death against a man, condemn him to death, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. τινὶ δέκα ταλάντων mulct him in ten talents, Refs; τίνος τιμήσειν αὐτῷ προσδοκᾷς τὸ δικαστήριο; at what do you expect the court to fix his penalty? Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἡλιαία τιμάτω περὶ αὐτοῦ ὅτου ἂν δόξῃ ἄξιος εἶναι παθεῖν Legal cited in Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive, τιμᾶσθαι ἀργυρίου to be condemned to a fine, τινος for a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐὰν.. ᾖ τῳ θανάτου τετιμημένον if sentence of death has been passed upon one, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 in middle, of the parties before the court, __III.2.a of the accuser, τιμᾶταί μοι ὁ ἀνὴρ θανάτου (i.e. τὴν δίκην) he estimates the penalty at death (genitive pretii) for me, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2.b of the person accused (compare ἀντιτιμάω, ὑποτιμάω), τιμήσεσθαι τοιούτου τινὸς ἐμαυτῷ estimate the penalty for myself at so high a rate, Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect passive, θανάτου τετιμημένος ἑαυτῷ Refs 4th c.BC+active in this sense. __III.2.c the accusative of δίκη or of the offence is added, πέντε μυριάδων τιμησάμενος τὴν δίκην Refs 1st c.AD+
δεσμός, ὁ, plural δεσμά Refs 6th c.BC+, and so mostly in Trag., Refs 5th c.BC+: both forms in Attic dialect Inscrr., δεσμοί Refs the latter preferred by Refs 6th c.AD+, Attic dialect accusative to Refs 5th c.AD+:—band, bond, anything for tying and fastening, as halter, Refs 8th c.BC+; mooring-cable, Refs 8th c.BC+; door-latch, Refs; yoke-strap, Refs 5th c.BC+: metaphorically, any bond of union or connexion, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the vowels, Refs; δεσμοὶ πολιτείας, of the laws, Refs; εἰς τὰ δεσμοῦ for binding material, Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 in plural (never δεσμά in this sense), bonds, chains, ἐκ δεσμῶν λυθῆναι Refs 4th c.BC+; πρὶν ἂν ἐξ ἀγρίων δ. χαλάσῃRefs 5th c.BC+; ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν δ., ={δεσμοφύλαξ}, Refs 2nd c.AD+: in singular, collectively, bonds, imprisonment, δ. ἀχλυόεις epigram cited in Refs 5th c.BC+: metaphorically of moral bondage, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __3 ligature, Refs 4th c.BC+ __4 δ. ἄρθρου in Refs 5th c.BC+ (at [prev. work]) as ankylosis. __5 spell, charm, Refs 4th c.AD+ __II ={δέσμη}, Papyrus in Refs 1st c.BC+; δ. ἀργυρίου LXX
κατέχω, future καθέξω (of duration) Refs 8th c.BC+aorist κατέσχον, poetry __A κατέσχεθον Refs 8th c.BC+; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular κάσχεθε Refs 8th c.BC+, Aeolic dialect κατέσκ [εθε] Refs 7th c.BC+; late aorist κατέσχα Refs 4th c.AD+ __A.I transitive, hold fast, καλύπτρην χείρεσσι Refs 8th c.BC+ __A.I.b hold back, withhold, εἴ με βίῃ ἀέκοντα καθέξει Refs 8th c.BC+: check, restrain, bridle, ἑωυτόν Refs 5th c.BC+; [γυναῖκε] Refs 5th c.BC+; ὀργήν, θυμόν, ὕβριν, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. τὴν ἀγωγήν put it off, Refs; κ. τὸ πλῆθος ἐλευθέρως, ἰσχύϊ, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὖρον hold in, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἑαυτὸν κατέχει μὴ ἐπιπηδᾶν restrains himself from.., Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be held down, γλῶσσα κατείχετο Refs 5th c.BC+; to be bound, ὁρκίοισι μεγάλοισι Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῖς τινων ὀφειλήμασιν Refs 3rd c.AD+; of a nation, to be kept under (by tyrants), Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.I.c detain, κ. [αὐτοὺς] ἐνιαυτόν Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be detained, stay, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.I.d in imprecations, inhibit (compare καταδέωRefs 4th c.BC+ __A.I.e place under arrest, Refs 1st c.AD+ __A.I.f keep an oath, ὅρκον Refs 3rd c.BC+ __A.I.2 c.genitive, gain possession of, be master of, τῶν ἐπιστημῶν μὴ πάνυ κ. Refs 4th c.BC+; control, τινων LXX; ἑαυτῶν Erot.see entry προπετή; μηκέτι κατέχων ἑαυτοῦ Refs 2nd c.AD+; cling to, τῶν κεράτων τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου LXX __A.II possess, occupy, especiallyof rulers, Refs 5th c.BC+; σῴζειν ἅπερ ἃν ἅπαξ κατάσχωσι whatever they have got, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially of property. enjoy possession of, Refs 2nd c.BC+, etc. (but also, sequestrate, Refs 3rd c.BC+; ὡς μηδὲν ἔχοντες καὶ πάντα κατέχοντες NT __A.II.b dwell in, occupy, Ὀλύμπου αἴγλαν Refs 5th c.BC+; especially of tutelary gods, Παρνασίαν ὃς κ. πέτραν, of Dionysus, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a place, μέσον ὀμφαλὸν γᾶς Φοίβου κ. δόμος Refs 5th c.BC+; of the dead. θήκας Ἰλιάδος γᾶς.. κατέχουσι occupy, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.2 of sound, fill, οἱ δ᾽ ἀλαλητῷ πᾶν πεδίον κατέχουσι Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. στρατόπεδον δυσφημίαις fill it with his grievous cries, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, οἶκος κλαυθμῷ κατείχετο Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.3 πανδάκρυτον βιοτὰν κ. continue to live a life.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.4 to be spread over, cover, νὺξ.. δνοφερὴ κάτεχ᾽ οὐρανόν Refs 8th c.BC+; τίνες αὖ πόντον κατέχουσ᾽ αὖρα; Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, σελήνη.. κατείχετο.. νεφέεσσιν Refs 8th c.BC+:—middle, Epic dialect aorist, κατέσχετο χερσὶ πρόσωπα Refs 8th c.BC+; κατασχομένη ἑανῷ having covered her face, Refs 8th c.BC+ __A.II.5 of the grave, confine, cover, τοὺς δ᾽ ἤδη κάτεχεν φυσίζοος αἶα Refs 8th c.BC+; as a threat, πάρος τινὰ γαῖα καθέξει sooner shall earth cover many a one, Refs 8th c.BC+ __A.II.6 of circumstances, etc., hold fast, have one in their power, μιν κατὰ γῆρας ἔχει χεῖράς τε πόδας τε Refs 8th c.BC+; ὃν θάνατος δακρυόεις καθέχει (sic) Refs 5th c.BC+; τύχη, πόλεμος κ. τινά, Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. κίνδυνος ΣικελίανRefs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, ὑπὸ μεγάλης ἀνάγκης κατεχόμενοι Refs 5th c.BC+: rarely in good sense, ὁ δ᾽ ὄλβιος, ὃν φᾶμαι κατέχοντ᾽ ἀγαθαί Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.6.b of circumstances, etc., prevail, prevail among, engage, ἄλλα τῶν κατεχόντων πρηγμάτων χαλεπώτερα Refs 5th c.BC+; μεγάλοι θόρυβοι κατέχουσ᾽ ἡμᾶς murmurs are rife among us, Refs 5th c.BC+; φήμης ἀθρόας -σχούσης τὸ Ἑλληνικόν a sudden rumour having overspread Greece, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __A.II.7 seize, occupy, in right of conquest, τὸ Καδμείων πέδον uncertain in Refs 5th c.BC+; especially in historical writers, -σχήσειν [τὴν ἀκρόπολιν] Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.8 achieve, effect an object, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.9 master, understand, οὐ κατέχω τί βούλει φράζειν Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. νοῦν στίχων grasp the sense of.., Refs __A.II.9.b keep in mind, remember, χρήσιμον καὶ τοῦτο κατασχεῖν τὸ στοιχεῖον Refs 4th c.BC+; κ. τινὰ ὀψοφάγον Chrysipp.Tyan. cited in Refs 2nd c.AD+; κ. ὅτι, διότι, Refs 3rd c.BC+:—passive, Refs 4th c.BC+ __A.II.10 possess, of a god, εἰ θεός ἐστιν ὁ σὰς κατέχων φρένας Refs; τοιοῦτος ἔρως κατεῖχε τὴν ἄνθρωπον she was so infatuated, Refs 1st c.AD+; of an actor, κ. τὸ θέατρον held the audience spellbound, Refs 1st c.AD+ (but, kept the audience waiting, Phoc.Refs; of poets, μύθοις [τοὺς ἀκούοντας] κ. Refs 2nd c.AD+:—mostly in passive, of persons, to be possessed, inspired, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξ ὉμήρουRefs 5th c.BC+; τὸ θέατρον κατείχετο the audience was spellbound, Refs 4th c.BC+; of hydrophobia patients, Refs 3rd c.AD+; of a lover, τῷ αὐτῷ θεῷ (i.e. Ἔρωτι) κατέσχημαι Refs 2nd c.AD+:—also in aorist middle, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.III follow close upon, press hard, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive Refs __A.IV bring a ship to land, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B intransitive, __B.1 (i.e. ἑαυτόν) control oneself, Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, κ. τὸ μὴ δακρύειν Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.1.b stop, cease, of the wind, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.2 come from the high sea to shore, put in (see. supr. IV), νηΐ Θορικόνδε Refs 5th c.BC+; τίνες ποτ᾽ ἐς γῆν τήνδε.. κατέσχετ; Refs 5th c.BC+; of a journey by land, rest, προξένων δ᾽ ἔν του κατέσχε; Refs 2nd c.BC+ shall come safe to land, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.3 prevail, ὁ λόγος κ. the report prevails, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.4 gain the upper hand, παρά τινι Refs 6th c.BC+; gain one's purpose, Refs 5th c.BC+ __C middle, keep back for oneself, embezzle, [τὰ χρήματα] Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.2 cover oneself, see above Refs 4th c.BC+ __C.3 hold, contain, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __C.II aorist middle, ={κατέχω} Refs 8th c.BC+ __C.II.2 in passive sense, τεαῖς ῥιπαῖσι κατασχόμενος subdued, Refs 5th c.BC+; καρδίαν κατέσχετο ἔρωτι was seized with, possessed by, Refs 5th c.BC+; see aboveRefs 4th c.BC+
† אָחַר vb. to remain behind, delay, tarry (Arabic أَخَّرَ to put off, also to remain behind; Aramaic Pa. אְחַר, Aph. ܐܰܘܚܰܕ, Shaph. ܫܰܘܚܰܪ, Sab. אחֿר OsianderZMG 1865, 197; אחֿחֿר DHMEpigr. Denkm. 34). †Qal once only Gn 32:5 וָאֵחַר (contr. from וָאֶאֱחַר cf. אֵהָ֑ב Pr 8:17) and I have tarried until now. †Pi. Pf. אֵחַר Gn 34:19; אֶחֱרוּ Ju 5:28; Impf. יְאַחֵר, תְּאַחֵר, (3 times תְּאַחַ֑ר) etc. Gn 24:56 + 9 times; Pt. (־רֵי) מְאַחֲרִים 3 times 1. intensive, delay, tarry, abs. Ju 5:28 (‖ בּשֵׁשׁ לָבוֹא) Is 46:13 and my salvation לֹא תְאַחֵר Hb 2:3 ψ 40:18 = 70:6 Dn 9:19; with ל & inf. Gn 34:19.—Pr 23:30 מְאַחֲרִים עַל־הַיָּיִ֑ן those tarrying over the wine, Is 5:11 מְאַחֲרֵי בַנֶּשֶׁף, ψ 127:2 מְאַחֲרֵי שֶׁבֶת (‖ מַשְׁכִּימֵי קוּם). 2. causat. of Qal, cause one to delay, hinder Gn 24:56; keep back (= bring late) Ex 22:28; with ל & inf. delay to … Dt 23:22 quoted Ec 5:3: ellipt. Dt 7:10 he delayeth (it, the recompense) not to his enemy.—2 S 20:5 Qr וַיּ֫וֹחֶר is taken by Ol§ 241 c as Qal (cf. וַתּ֫חֶז v 9 from אָחַז), by Sta§ 498 c KöI. 397 Ges§ 68 2 Rem as Hiph. (lit. shewed, exhibited delay): on the Kt (? וַיֵּיחַר) v. DrSm.
† [כָּלָא] vb. shut up, restrain, withhold (NH id.; Aramaic כְּלָא, ܟܠܴܐ; Ethiopic ከልአ: restrain, hinder; Assyrian kâiû, id.; Arabic كَلَأَ protect Qor 21:43 cf. Ba ZMG 1887, 605 Anm. 4)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. sf. כְּלָאוֹ Je 32:3; 3 fs. כָּֽלְאָה Hg 1:10; 2 fs. sf. כְּלִתִ֫נִי 1 S 25:33; 1 s. כָּלִאתִי ψ 119:101; 3 pl. כָּֽלְאוּ Hg 1:10, כָּלוּ 1 S 6:10; Impf. 3 ms. יִכְלֶה Gn 23:6; 2 ms. תִּכְלָא ψ 40:12; 2 fs. תִּכְלָ֑אִי Is 43:6; 1 s. אֶכְלָא ψ 40:10; Imv. sf. כְּלָאֵם Nu 11:28; Inf. cstr. לִכְלוֹא Ec 8:8; Pt. pass. כָּלוּא Je 32:2, כָּלֻא ψ 88:9; (on the metapl. forms, as if from כלה, v. Ges § 75, 21 c Köi 611);— 1. shut up, c. acc. 1 S 6:10 (+ בְ loc.), Je 32:3; pt. pass. Je 32:2 (בְ loc.), fig. ψ 88:9 (opp. יצא). 2. restrain, c. acc. 1 S 25:33 (+ מִבּוֹא בְדָמִים), ψ 119:101 (+ מִכָּל־); כְּלָאֵם (sc. מֵהִתְנַבֵּא) Nu 11:28; כ׳ שְׂפָתַי ψ 40:10; כ׳ אֶת־הָרוּחַ Ec 8:8. On ψ 74:11 v. כלה" dir="rtl" >כלה Pi. 2. 3. withhold, כ׳ אֶת־קִבְרוֹ מִמְּךָ מִקְּבֹר מֵתֶ֑ךָ Gn 23:6 (P), כ׳ רַחֲמֶיךָ מִמֶּ֑נּי ψ 40:12, Hg 1:10b, prob. also v a (read מָ֑ל for MT 𝔊 מִטָּ֑ל, We); abs. אַל־תִּכְלָאִי (sc. exiles) Is 43:6 (‖ תְּנִי). Niph. Impf. וַיִּכָּלֵא הַגֶּשֶׁם מִן־הַשָּׁמַיִם Gn 8:2 (J), and the rain from heaven was restrained, cf. וַיִּכָּֽלְאוּ מַיִם רַבִּים Ez 31:15 (in fig.; ‖ מנע); וַיִּכָּלֵא הָעָם מֵהָבִיא Ex 36:6 (P). Pi. [Pf. כִּלָּא and] Inf. cstr. לְכַלֵּא v. כלה" dir="rtl" >כלה Pi.
ἄφεσις, εως, ἡ, (ἀφίημι) letting go, release, περὶ τῆς τῶν πλοίων ἀφέσεως Philipp. cited in Refs 5th c.BC+; γῆ ἐν ἀφέσει land in private hands, opposed to βασιλική, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __b of persons, dismissal: in ritual, λαοῖς ἄ.Refs 4th c.AD+; release, NT+2nd c.BC+ __2 with genitive, ἀ. φόνου quittance from murder, Refs 5th c.BC+; discharge from a bond, Refs 4th c.BC+; opposed to ἀπόδοσις χρημάτων, Refs 5th c.BC+; exemption from attendance, leave of absence, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἀ. τῆς στρατείας exemption from service, Refs 1st c.AD+; remission of a debt, ταλάντουRefs 2nd c.BC+; χρημάτωνRefs 3rd c.BC+; i.e. καταδίκης, Refs __2.b forgiveness, NT.Mark.3.29; ἁμαρτιῶνNT __3 relaxation, exhaustion, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 divorce, τινὶ πέμπεινRefs 1st c.AD+ __5 starting of horses in a race, ἵππων ἄ. ποιεῖνRefs 1st c.BC+: hence, starting-post itself, ἰσώσας τἀφέσει (Musgr. for τῇ φύσει) τὰ τέρματα having made the winning-post one with the starting-post, i.e. having completed the δίαυλος and come back to the starting-post, uncertain conjecture in Refs 5th c.BC+: metaphorically, the first start, beginning of anything, Refs 4th c.AD+ __6 discharge, emission, ὕδατοςRefs 4th c.BC+; the dropping of a foal, Refs __6.b discharge, release of an engine, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __7 ={ἀφεσμός}, Refs 4th c.BC+ __8 release, ὕδατοςRefs 3rd c.BC+: hence, in concrete sense, conduit, sluice,Refs 3rd c.AD+channels, LXX __9 Astrology texts, reckoning of the vital quadrant, Refs 2nd c.AD+ simply, starting from.., Refs
† חָפְשִׁי adj. free (NH id.)—ח׳ Ex 21:5 + 10 times + ψ 88:6; pl. חָפְשִׁים Is 58:6 + 4 times— 1. free from slavery: of Hebrew bondslave (male or female) set free in 7th year Ex 21:2, 5 (JE), Dt 15:12, 13, 18, cf. Je 34:9, 10, 11, 14, 16; of slave (male or female) set free on account of injury done Ex 21:26, 27 (JE); עֶבֶד ח׳ מֵאֲדֹנָיו Jb 3:19 a slave is free from his master (i.e. in Sheʾôl); but בַּמֵּתִים חָפְשִׁי ψ 88:6 among the dead I am free (i.e. adrift, cut off from Yahweh’s remembrance); more gen., שַׁלַּח רְצוּצִים חָפְשִׁים Is 58:6 to let oppressed ones go free. 2. free from taxes, obligations, etc. אֵת בֵּית אָבִיו יַעֲשֶׂה חָפְשִׁי בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל 1 S 17:25 his father’s house will he make free in Israel.
† יְקָר n.m. preciousness, price, honour (late: cf. BA 𝔗 יְקָר, ܐܻܝܩܳܪ glory);—abs. יְקָר Zc 11:13 + 5 times; בִּיקָר etc. ψ 49:13 + 3 times; cstr. יְקָר Est 1:4; sf. בִּיקָרוֹ 6:6 + 4 times; יְקָרָהּ Je 20:5;— 1. preciousness: a. = precious (costly) things (coll.) Je 20:5 (om. 𝔊), חֹסֶן וִיקָר Ez 22:25; כָּל־יְקָר Jb 28:10. b. כְּלִי יְקָר Pr 20:15 a jewel of preciousness = precious jewel (‖ זָהָב, פְּנִינִים). 2. price Zc 11:13, v. יָקַר" dir="rtl" >יָקַר 2. 3. honour, ψ 49:13, 21; elsewhere only Est.: יְקָר תִּפְאֶרֶת גְּדוּלָּתוֹ Est 1:4 (‖ כְּבוֹד מַלְכוּתוֹ); יִתְּנוּ יְקָר לְ v 20 all wives give honour to their lords; מַה־נַּעֲשָׂה יְקָר וּגְדוּלָּה לְמָרְדְּכַי 6:3, c. עשׂה לְ also v 6; לַיְּהוּדִים הָֽיְתָה אוֹרָה וְשִׂמְחָה וְשָׂשׂן וִיקָר 8:16; (הָ)אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר הַמֶּלֶךְ חָפֵץ בִּיקָרוֹ the man in whose honour the king delighteth 6:6, 7, 9(×2), 11.
† [כָּבַשׁ] vb. subdue, bring into bondage (NH id., press, oppress; Aramaic כְּבַשׁ, ܟܒܰܫ tread down, beat or make a path, subdue; Arabic كَبَسَ press, squeeze, knead (body or limb, as in the bath, massage), also attack, assault)— Qal Pf. 3 pl. וְכָֽבְשׁוּ consec. Zc 9:15; Impf. יִכְבּוֹשׁ Mi 7:19; וַיִּכְבְּשׁוּם Je 34:11 Qr (Kt Hiph), etc.; Imv. pl. sf. כִּבְשֻׁהָ Gn 1:28; Inf. כְּבוֹשׁ 2 Ch 28:10 Est 7:8; Pt. כֹּבְשִׁים Ne 5:5;— 1. bring into bondage, sq. acc. + לַעֲבָדִים Je 34:11, 16 2 Ch 28:10 Ne 5:5. 2. (late) subdue, force, a woman Est 7:8 (= earlier עִנָּה). 3. subdue, dominate, the earth Gn 1:28 (P), Zc 9:15 (of conquest); tread down, sq. אַבְנֵי־קֶלַע; fig. subdue, sq. עֲוֹנֹתֵינוּ Mi 7:19. Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִכְבְּשָׁה Jos 18:1 + 3 times; Pt. fpl. נִכְבָּשׁוֹת Ne 5:5;—pass. of Qal 1, subj. בְּנוֹתֵינוּ Ne 5:5; of Qal 3, subj. הָאָרֶץ (of conquest) Nu 32:22, 29 Jos 18:1 (all P), 1 Ch 22:18. Pi. Pf. כִּבֵּשׁ subdued 2 S 8:11, obj. גּוֹיִם. Hiph. Impf. bring into bondage sq. acc. + לַעֲבָדִים Je 34:11 Kt (Qr Qal).
† I. מְחִיר n.m. price, hire (as that which is placed in front of one, presented, offered; Assyrian maḫîru, price; maḫirânu, buyer, DlHWB 404, Prol. 94);—מ׳ abs. Mi 3:11 + 9 times; cstr. Dt 23:19 + 2 times; sf. מְחִירָהּ Jb 28:15; pl. sf. מְחִירֵיהֶם ψ 44:13;— 1. price, often בִּמְחִיר for a price; in trade 2 S 24:24 1 K 10:28 2 Ch 1:16; cf. La 5:4 (‖ כֶּסֶף), also (no בְּ) 1 K 21:2 and מ׳ שָׂדֶה עַתּוּדִים Pr 27:26; of wisdom Jb 28:15 (‖ סְגוֹר כֶּסֶף) cf. Pr 17:16; (no בְּ); fig. בְּלוֹא־כֶסֶף וּבְלוֹא מ׳ Is 55:1 in purchase of blessings from י׳; of price of people, fig. ψ 44:13, cf. Je 15:13. 2. hire, מ׳ כֶּלֶב (i.e. of male prostitute) Dt 23:19 (‖ אֶתְנַן זוֹנָה) v. Di Dr; of venal priests Mi 3:11 (‖ שֹׁחַר) = reward, gain, denied of Cyrus Is 45:13 (‖ id.); affirmed of Ant. Epiph. Dn 11:39.
† מֶמְשָׁלָה n.f. rule, dominion, realm (cf. DrJPhil. xi. 1882, 215);—abs. מ׳ Mi 4:8; cstr. מֶמְשֶׁ֫לֶת ψ 136:8 (before בְּ Ges§ 130, 1 Köii 182), Je 34:1 + 2 times; sf. מֶמְשַׁלְתְּךָ Is 22:21 ψ 145:13; מֶמְשַׁלְתּוֹ 1 K 9:19 + 6 times; pl. cstr. מֶמְשְׁלוֹת ψ 136:9; sf. מַמְשְׁלוֹתָיו ψ 114:2;— 1. rule, dominion (human) Is 22:21 Mi 4:8; וְכָל־מֶמְשַׁלְתּוֹ עִמּוֹ 2 Ch 32:9 and all his imperial might with him (i.e. display of might—soldiers, court, luxury, etc.; of Sennach.); כֹּל אֶרֶץ מֶמְשַׁלְתּוֹ 1 K 9:19 = 2 Ch 8:6, Je 51:28, מַמְלְכוֹת אֶרֶץ מֶמְשֶׁלֶת יָדוֹ Je 34:1; hence מ׳ alone = realm, domain 2 K 20:13 = Is 39:2, Dn 11:5. 2. rule of heavenly bodies לִמְשׁ׳ הַיּוֹם Gn 1:16 the sun for the rule of the day, cf. v 16; also sq. בְּ ψ 136:8, 9. 3. God’s rule, dominion: ψ 145:13 (‖ מַלְכוּת), כָּל־מְקֹמוֹת מֶמְשַׁלְתּוֹ 103:22; pl. = realm הָֽיְתָה יְהוּדָה לְקָדְשׁ֑וֹ יִשְׂרָאֵל מַמְשְׁלוֹתָֽיו׃ 114:2.
τᾰπειν-όω, lower, in point of height, reduce, σπλῆνα (swollen spleen) Refs 1st c.AD+:—passive, πᾶν ὄρος ταπεινωθήσεται LXX+5th c.BC+; of a plant, decrease in size, Refs 4th c.BC+; of rivers, Refs 1st c.BC+; Astrology texts, of a planet, suffer dejection, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II metaphorically, lessen, τὸν φθόνον Refs 5th c.BC+; disparage, minimize, Refs 2nd c.BC+:—passive, to be lowered or lessened, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 humble, abase, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ταπεινωθεὶς ἕπεται Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2.b violate a woman, LXX __II.3 in moral sense, make lowly, humble, ἑαυτόν NT+1st c.BC+:—passive, humble oneself, τὴν θεὸν ἐξιλάσαντο τῷ ταπεινοῦσθαι σφόδρα NT+4th c.BC+ __II.4 especially of fasting or abstinence, θεοῦ ᾧ πᾶσα ψυχὴ ἐν τῇ σήμερον ἡμέρᾳ (i.e. on a fast-day) ταπεινοῦται μεθ᾽ ἱκετείας Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἐὰν ψυχὴν τεταπεινωμένην ἐμπλήσῃς feed the hungry, LXX; οἶδα ταπεινοῦσθαι, opposed to περισσεύειν, NT
† [רֵאשׁ] n.m. Dn 7:6 head (Egyptian Aramaic, S-CPap.; Palm. רש; 𝔗 רֵישׁ, Syriac ܪܺܝܫ; BH רֹאשׁ);—cstr. ר׳ Dn 7:1; emph. ה—ָ 2:38; sf. רֵאשִׁי 4:2 +, ךְ—ָ 2:28, הּ—ֵ v 32 +, הּ—ַ 7:20, הוֹן—ֵ 3:27; pl. abs. רֵאשִׁין 7:6, sf. רָאשֵׁיהֹם (K§§ 53, Anm. b); 63 Gu Hpt ad loc.) Ezr 5:10;— 1. head of man Dn 3:27, cf. 7:9; in vision: of image 2:32, 38, beast 7:6, 20. 2. head as seat of visions, הֶזְוֵי רֵאשָׁךְ, etc., 2:28; 4:2, 7, 10; 7:1, 15. 3. = chief, בְּר׳ Ezr 5:10 in the capacity of their chiefs. 4. sum, essential content, of matters Dn 7:1 (NesMM 40 beginning).
† שָׁלְטָן (K§ 61, 3, Beisp. α)) n.m. Dn 7:6 dominion;—שׁ׳ abs. Dn 7:6, 14, cstr. 6:27 +; emph. שָׁלְטָנָא 7:27; sf. שָׁלְטָנָךְ 4:19, -נֵהּ 3:33 +, -נְהוֹן 7:12; pl. emph. שָׁלְטָנַיָּא 7:27;— 1. dominion, sovereignty (usually of God): Dn 3:33; 4:19, 31(×2) 6:27b 7:6, 12, 14(×3), 26, 27(×2). 2. realm 6:27a. שִׁלְטוֹן v. p. 1127.
παιδίσκ-η, ἡ, diminutive of παῖς (ἡ), young girl, maiden, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. νέα, of a wife, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II young female slave, bondmaid, NT+5th c.BC+: generally, maidservant, NT; τοὺς παῖδας καὶ τὰς π. NT __II.2 prostitute, Refs 5th c.BC+
† פָּקִיד n.m. commissioner, deputy, overseer;—abs. פ׳ Je 20:1 +; cstr. פְּקִיד 2 Ch 24:11; Ne 11:22; sf. פְּקִידוֹ Ju 9:28; pl. פְּקִדִים Gn 41:34 Je 29:26, פְּקִידִים 2 Ch 31:13; Est 2:3;—commissioner, for special duty Gn 41:34 (E), Est 2:3; permanent deputy of king Ju 9:28, of priest 2 Ch 24:11, of Levites 31:13; overseer, one in charge of men, c. עַל of soldiers 2 K 25:19 = Je 52:25, Benjamites Ne 11:9, priests v 14; abs., without עַל Je 29:26 (of priest in temple, reading פָּקִיד Vrss Gie), cf. 20:1 (v. נָגִיד 3); c. sf. of Levites Ne 11:22, singers 12:42.
συνέχω, aorist συνέσχον:—middle, future συνέξομαι in passive sense, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, aorist συνεσχέθην Refs 4th c.BC+: future infinitive συσχεθήσεσθαι Refs 1st c.BC+ W.:—hold or keep together, confine, secure, ὅθι ζωστῆρος ὀχῆες χρύσειοι σύνεχον [θώρηκα] Refs 8th c.BC+; ἵνα τε ξυνέχουσι τένοντες ἀγκῶνος where the sinews of the elbow hold [it] together, Refsmeet, see below Refs; Ὠκεανός.. συνεῖχε σάκος enclosed, compassed it, Refs 8th c.BC+; Αἴτνα σ. [Τυφῶνα] Refs 5th c.BC+; τὼ μηρὼ σ. hold them together, Refs 5th c.BC+; συνέσχον τὰ ὦτα αὐτῶν closed or stopped their ears, NT; μηδὲ συσχέτω ἐπ᾽ ἐμὲ φρέαρ τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ let not the pit close its mouth upon me, LXX; τὸ δέρμα σ. [τὰ ὀστᾶ] Refs 5th c.BC+; Ἄτλας ἅπαντα σLXXpassive, τὸ λεγόμενον ἐν φρέατι συσχόμενος” trapped in a well, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ καρπὸς.. ἂν μὴ πλυθῇ.. συνέχεται sticks together, Refs 4th c.BC+; τὸ στόμα οὐ συνεσχέθη ἔτι my mouth was no longer closed, LXX __2 keep together, keep from dispersing, στράτευμα, δύναμιν, Refs 5th c.BC+; continue, keep on, μὴ πλείους πέντε ἡμερῶν σύσχῃς τὸ ὕδωρ (the flooding) Refs 3rd c.BC+; keep, τοὺς πολίτας σ. ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις Refs 1st c.AD+; preserve, οἱ ἅλες ἐπὶ πλεῖστον [τὰ σώματα] συνέχοντες Refs 1st c.AD+; maintain, σ. τοὺς στρατιώτας ἐκ τῶν ἱεροσυληθέντων λειψάνων Refs 1st c.BC+:—passive, to be continuous, Refs 4th c.BC+; to be maintained, πᾶσα ἕξις.. ὑπὸ τῶν καταλλήλων ἔργων συνέχεται καὶ αὔξεται Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2.b of social and political order, σ. πόλεις keep states together, keep them from falling to pieces, maintain them, Refs 5th c.BC+; καὶ θεοὺς καὶ ἀνθρώπους ἡ κοινωνία σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν οἴνῳ τὰς ἀρχὰς συνεῖχε conducted the government over wine, LXX+5th c.BC+; ξ. τὴν εἰρεσίαν keep the rowers together, make them pull in time, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, μετ᾽ ἀλλήλων συνέχεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.c keep together in friendship, ἁμέ Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, τὸ ὂν συνέχεται.. φιλίᾳ Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.d passive also, engage in close combat, ἐγχειριδίοισι Refs 5th c.BC+; of sexual intercourse, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2.e occupy or engage, ἑαυτὸν ἐν γυναιξὶ καὶ θιάσοις Refs 1st c.AD+ __3 contain, comprise, embrace, εἷς λόγος πάσας τὰς αἰσθήσεις σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ συνέχον the chief matter, Refs 2nd c.BC+ the chief reason for.. , Refs 2nd c.BC+; τῆς σωτηρίας the chief means of.. , Refs; τὰ σ. τῶν ἐγγράπτων the chief clauses, Refs —passive, τὸν πρὸς τῇ ὑπεκλύσει πυρετὸν ὑπ᾽ ἄλλης αἰτίας συνέχεσθαι is chiefly caused (compare συνεκτικός) by.., Refs 2nd c.AD+ __4 detain, τὰς καμήλους ἐν τῇ Νεχθενίβιος (i.e. κώμῃ) Refs 3rd c.BC+; sequestrate, Refs 3rd c.BC+; keep under arrest, NT+3rd c.BC+:—passive, συνέχομαι ἐμ φυλακῇ Refs 3rd c.BC+, etc.; of things held as security, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __5 constrain or force one to a thing, ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Χριστοῦ σ. ἡμᾶς NT; oppress, NT+2nd c.AD+passive, συνέχεσθαί τινι to be constrained, distressed, afflicted, and, generally, to be affected by anything whether in mind or body, πατρὶ συνείχετο.. χαλεπῷ Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. πολέμῳ, δουληΐῃ, Refs 5th c.BC+; δίψῃ, πόνῳ, NT+5th c.BC+; τῷ λόγῳ (variant{πνεύματι}) NT+1st c.BC+; συνεχομένη τῇ συνειδήσειLXX __6 constrain, hinder, hold back, Refs 5th c.BC+; σύσχῃ τὸν οὐρανόν shut up the heaven, LXX; συνεσχέθη ὁ ὑετὸς ἀπὸ τοῦ οὐρανοῦLXX; συνεσχέθη ἡ θραῦσις ἐπάνωθεν Ἰσραήλ the plague was stayed from Israel,LXX+2nd c.AD+ __7 hold at the same time, δύο σχολάς Refs 1st c.BC+ __8 buy up and withhold, make a corner in, σῖτον LXX __9 Grammars, σ. τὸ ἄρθρον to be accompanied by the article, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __10 συνέσχον I also received.. , Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II intransitive, meet, seeRefs 4th c.BC+; πρός τι to be connected with, Refs 2nd c.AD+
† I. חָרַץ vb. cut, sharpen, decide (NH id., cut in, decide, Aramaic in deriv.; Assyrian ḫarâṣu, dig, decide, ḫariṣu, trench, ZehnpfundBAS i. 502; Ph. חרץ decision, HoffmAGG xxxvi. May 1889, 11)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ח׳ Jos 10:21; חָרָ֑צְתָּ 1 K 20:40; Impf. יֶחֱרַץ־ Ex 11:7; 2 ms. תֶּחֱרָ֑ץ 2 S 5:24; Pt. pass. חָרוּץ Is 10:22 Lv 22:22; pl. חֲרוּצִים Jb 14:5 (v. also חָרוּץ infr.)— 1. cut, mutilate Lv 22:22 (עַוֶּרֶת אוֹ שָׁבוּר אוֹ־חָרוּץ אוֹ יַבֶּלֶת). 2. sharpen, fig. the tongue, לֹא יֶח׳־כֶּלֶב לְשֹׁנוֹ לְ Ex 11:7 (J), i.e. utter no sound against Isr., Jos 10:21. 3. decide 1 K 20:40 (abs.); so pt. pass. חרוצים ימיו Jb 14:5 his days are determined, fixed (‖ מִסְפַּר חדשׁיו), Is 10:22 כִּלָּיוֹן ח׳; act with decision 2 S 5:24. Niph. Pt. נֶחֱרָצָה Is 10:23 + 3 times; נֶחֱרֶצֶת Dn 9:26 (both these forms inf. cstr. according to BaNB 90); decisive כָּלָה וְנֶח׳ Is 10:23; 28:22 Dn 9:27 a consumption and strict decision (i.e. that which is strictly determined), כי נ׳ נֶעֱשָׂ֑תָה Dn 11:36; נח׳ שֹׁמֵמוֹת Dn 9:26 strict determining of desolation.
† I. [סָכַן] vb. be of use or service, benefit (Tel Am. sakânu, care for (c. prep. ana) ZimZA vi. 248 WklTA Gloss.; Ph. סכן prefect Lzb329; cf. perhaps TelAm. zukini as loan-word Wkll.c.);— Qal Impf. 3 ms. only Jb.: יִסְכֹּן 22:2, -וֹן 15:3, יִסְכָּן־ 22:2 + 2 times; Pt. סֹכֵן Is 22:15; f. סֹכֶ֫נֶת 1 K 1:2, 4;— 1. be of use or service, only pt. וּתְהִי לוֹ ס׳ 1 K 1:2 and let her become servitress to him, so v 4 (+ וַתְּשָׁרֲתֵהוּ); סֹכֵן Is 22:15 = servitor, steward. 2. benefit, profit, abs. Jb 15:3; c. לְ pers. 22:2; 35:3, עַל־ pers. 22:2; c. acc. 34:9 (or abs. gain benefit, גבר subj.). Hiph. Pf. 1 s. הִסְכַּ֫נְתִּי Nu 22:20; 2 ms. הִסְכַּ֑נְתָּה ψ 139:3; Imv. הַסְכֶּן־נָא Jb 22:21; Inf. abs. הַסְכֵּן Nu 22:30;—be used, wont, strictly exhibit use, or habit, הַהַסְכֵּן הִסְכַּנְתִּי לַעֲשׂוֹת לְךָ כֹּה Nu 22:30 (J) have I ever shewn the habit of doing thus to thee? hence shew harmony with (עִם) one Jb 22:21, be familiar with, known intimately (subj. י׳) ψ 139:3 (c. acc. דְּרָכַי).
ἐλευθ-ερία, Ionic dialect -ιη, ἡ, freedom, liberty, Refs 5th c.BC+; δι᾽ ἐλευθερίας μόλις ἐξῆλθες, i.e. μόλις ἠλευθερώθης, Refs 5th c.BC+; freedom from a thing, ἀπὸ πασῶν ἀρχῶν Refs 5th c.BC+ __b manumission, ἡ εἰκοστὴ τῶν ἐ.,= Latin vicesima manumissionum, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 licence, ἀκολασία καὶ ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+; of Diogenes, Refs 4th c.AD+ __3 later, ={ἐλευθεριότης}, Refs __4 name of a dance, Refs 2nd c.AD+
ἐπισκέπτ-ομαι, ={ἐπισκοπέω}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2. pass in review: hence, number a host, LXX
† אִסָּר n.m. Nu 30:8 bond, binding obligation (cf. Biblical Aramaic אֱבָר, Syriac ܐܶܣܳܪ; so forms with suff. infr. v. BaNB62 cf. Sta§ 208a; but perhaps Aramaic loanword v. LagBN 175)—א׳ abs. Nu 30:3 +; cstr. אִסַּר v 13; sf. אֱסָרָהּ v 5; pl. sf. אֱסָרֶיהָ v 6, 15, אֱסָרֶהָ v 8—only Nu 30 (P), binding obligation of oath or vow; mostly acc. cogn. with אָסַר (q.v.); Nu 30:3, 4, 5(×2), 6, 8, 11, 12; אִסַּר נַפְשָׁהּ v 13; שְׁבֻעַת אִסָּר binding oath v 14.
† [יָקַר] vb. be precious, prized, appraised (NH id., Pi., Hiph.; Aramaic יְקַר, ܝܺܩܰܪ, be heavy, precious; Pa. honour; יַקִּיר, ܝܰܩܺܝܪ weighty, precious, honoured; cf. Assyrian aḳâru, be precious, costly, and deriv., DlHWB240; Arabic وَقَرَ be heavy, ii. honour; وَقَارٌ dignity; Sab. n. וקר honour DHMZMG 1883, 402)— Qal Pf. 3 fs. יָקְֽרָה 1 S 26:21; 2 ms. יָקַרְתָּ Is 43:4; 1 s. יָקַרְתִּי Zc 11:13; 3 pl. יָקְֽרוּ ψ 139:17; Impf. וַיִּיקַר 1 S 18:30; וְיֵקַר ψ 49:9; וְיֵיקַר 72:14; juss. תִּיקַר(־נָא) 2 K 1:13, 14;— 1. be precious: a. = highly valued, esteemed, David’s name, וַיִּיקַר שְׁמוֹ מְאֹד 1 S 18:30; of Israel, יָקַרְתָּ בְעֵינַי Is 43:4 (+ נִכְבַּדְתָּ, אֲהַבְתִּיךָ); of God’s thoughts וְלִי מַה־יָּֽקִרוּ רֵעֶיךָ ψ 139:17 (Ew Hi Hup render hard, difficult: cf. יַקִּירָה Dn 2:11). b. especially of life (נֶפֶשׁ), in phr. יָֽקִרָה נַפְשִׁי בְּעֵינֶיךָ 1 S 26:21, i. e. thou hast spared it; so (juss.) 2 K 1:13, 14; similarly יֵיקַר דָּמָם בְּעֵינָיו ψ 72:14 (‖ מִתּוֹךְ וּמֵחָמָס יִגְאַל נַפְשָׁם). c. be costly, וְיֵקַר פִּדְיוֹן נַפְשָׁם ψ 49:9. 2. be appraised, valued, אֶדֶר הַיְקָר אֲשֶׁר יָקַרְתִּי מֵעֲלֵיהֶם Zc 11:13 the magnificence of the price at which I was appraised (and dismissed) from them! Hiph. Impf. 1 s. אוֹקִיר אֱנוֹשׁ מִפָּ֑ז Is 13:12 I will make men more rare (lit. precious) than fine gold. Imv. הֹקַר Pr 25:17 make rare (i. e. withhold) thy foot from the house of thy friend.
† [עָוַת] vb. be bent, crooked (NH id., Pi. Nithp.; Aramaic עַוֵּית Pa.; cf. ܥܰܬ, ܥܬܳܐ deceive PS 3008);— Pi. Pf. 3 ms. sf. עִוְּתָ֑נִי Jb 19:6, עִוְּתוֹ Ec 7:13; 3 pl. sf. עִוְּתוּנִי ψ 119:78; Impf. 3 ms. יְעַוֵּת ψ 146:9 Jb 8:3, יְעַוֶּת־ v 3; Inf. לְעַוֵּת Am 8:5 La 3:36;— 1. a. make crooked = falsify, scales Am 8:5; pervert justice (מִשְׁפָּט, צֶדֶק) Jb 8:3(×2); 34:12 (all God subj.); c. acc. pers. subvert (i.e. deprive of justice), לְע׳ אָדָם בְּרִיבוֹ La 3:36, cf. ψ 119:78 (v.l. 119:61); so עִוְּתָנִי Jb 19:6 (י׳ subj.). 2. bend, make crooked, דֶּרֶךְ רְשָׁעִים ψ 146:9 (י׳ subj.); in gen. Ec 7:13 (God subj.; opp. תִּקֵּן). Pu. Pt. מְעֻוָּת Ec 1:15 what is bent (opp. תְּקֹן). Hithp. Pf. 3 pl. consec. וְהִתְעַוְּתוּ Ec 12:3 and the strong men bend themselves.
† I. [צוּק] vb. Hiph. constrain, bring into straits, press upon (NH צוּק be distressed (rare), Hiph. = BH; Arabic ضَاقَ (ى) be narrow, tight, so Ethiopic ጦቀ:; Aramaic עִיק, ܥܳܩ; Chr. Pal. ܨܘܩ );—Pf. 3 fs. הֵצִיקָה Ju 16:16, sf. הֱצִיקַתְהוּ 14:17, -נִי Jb 32:18 (Gi v 19); 1 s. וַהֲצִיקוֹתִ֫י consec. Is 29:2; Impf. 3 ms. יָצִיק Dt 28:53 + 2 times; 3 mpl. יָצִיקוּ Je 19:9, Pt. מֵצִיק Is 51:13(×2) pl. מְצִיקִים 29:7;—bring into straits, by importunity c. ל pers. Ju 16:16, c. sf. pers. 14:17; constrain (to speak) Jb 32:18 (sf. pers.); elsewhere of bringing into straits a city or people, c. ל, Is 29:2, 7, so 7:6 (reading וּנְצִיקֶנָּה for MT וּנְקִיצֶנָּה), Thes Che Du Gr Marti, cf. formula בְּמָצוֹר וּבְמָצוֹק אֲשֶׁר יָצ׳ לְ Dt 28:53, 55, 57 Je 19:9; pt. abs. הַמֵּצִיק Is 51:13(×2) the oppressor.
δεσπότ-ης, ου, ; vocative δέσποτᾰ: Ionic dialect accusative δεσπότεα Refs 5th c.BC+:—master, lord, properly the master of the house, δόμων Refs 4th c.BC+: plural, of a family, Refs; in respect of slaves, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὦναξ δέσποταRefs 4th c.BC+ __2 despot, absolute ruler, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the Roman Emperors, Refs 1st c.AD+ __3 of the gods, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 dominant planet, Refs __II generally, master, lord, owner, κώμου, ναῶν, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἑπτὰ δεσποτῶν, of the seven Refs 8th c.BC+
ἔνοχος, ον, ={ἐνεχόμενος}, held in, bound by, τοιαύταις δόξαις Refs 4th c.BC+; [ἔθεσι γεροντικοῖς] Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 with genitive, connected with, κοιλίης Refs 5th c.BC+ __II as law-term, liable to, subject to, νόμοις, δίκαις, NT+5th c.BC+; τοῖς ἐπιτιμίοις τοῦ φόνου Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔ. ἀνοίαις liable to the imputation of it, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 ἔνοχος ψευδομαρτυρίοις liable to action for.., Refs 5th c.BC+; βιαίων, λιποταξίου (i.e. δίκῃ, γραφῇ), LXX+5th c.BC+; ἔ. θανάτου liable to the penalty of death, NT+1st c.BC+: with infinitive, ἔ. ἔστω ἀποτῖσαι Refs __II.3 less frequently with Preps., ἔ. ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς Decrees cited in Refs 6th c.BC+ __II.4 guilty, liable to the penalty for, ἔ. τῷ φόνῳ Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4.b of property, subject to liability, Refs 6th c.AD+
οἰκόνομ-ος, ὁ, ἡ, one who manages a household, ={οἰκοδεσπότης}, Refs 5th c.BC+; steward of an estate, Ζήνωνι τῷ οἰ. Refs 3rd c.BC+; house-steward, being a slave, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 generally, manager, administrator, opposed to τύραννος, Refs __2.b title of a subordinate state official, Refs 4th c.BC+; also of a high financial officer, Refs 4th c.BC+; under a monarch, Refs 3rd c.BC+; in Egypt, Refs 3rd c.BC+; in charge of the Serapeum, Refs 2nd c.BC+; οἱ Καίσαρος οἰ., = Latin procuratores Caesaris, Refs 2nd c.AD+; θεοῦ οἰ. minister of God, NT __II as feminine, housekeeper, housewife, Refs 6th c.BC+
παντο-κράτωρ [κρᾰ], ορος, ὁ, almighty, of Hermes, LXX; ὁ π. alone, the Almighty, NT
σύνδουλ-ος, ὁ, ἡ, fellow-slave, masculine, NT+5th c.BC+; also feminine συνδούλη, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 metaphorically in NT, NT (The statement of Moeris Refs 2nd c.AD+ distinguishes ς. 'slave of the same master' from ὁμόδουλος 'companion in slavery'.)
ἀναγκ-άζω, future -άσωRefs 5th c.BC+ (later 2nd pers.plural -ᾶτεRefs: perfect ἠνάγκακαRefs 5th c.BC+: pluperfect -εινRefs 4th c.BC+: (ἀνάγκη):—force, compel, mostly with accusative person et infinitive, ἀ. τινὰ κτείνειν, πόλισμα, συνθήκας ποιεῖσθαι, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; δρᾶν, λέγειν, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+: so in passive, ἠναγκάζοντο ἀμύνεσθαιRefs 5th c.BC+infinitive, κἄμ᾽ ἀναγκάζεις τάδε (i.e. δρᾶν) Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀναγκάζεσθαί τι to be forced [to do] a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 with accusative person only, constrain a person, τὸ συνδρῶν σ᾽ ἀναγκάσει χρέοςRefs 5th c.BC+; especially by argument, opposed to ῥητορικῶς ἐλέγχειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; δεινοῖς ἠναγκάσθην I was constrained, tortured, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἠναγκασμένος, ἀναγκασθείς under compulsion, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 with accusative of things only, carry through by force, πόλις ἀναγκάζει τάδεRefs 5th c.BC+; ἠναγκασμένα λάχανα forced vegetables, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __4 with accusative of things et infinitive, contend that a thing is necessarily so and so, μὴ ἀνάγκαζε ὃ μὴ καλόν ἐστιν αἰσχρὸν εἶναιRefs 5th c.BC+ __5 absolutely, apply compulsion, Refs 5th c.BC+ __6 in surgery, use force to reduce dislocations, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+
οἰκονομ-ία, ἡ, management of a household or family, husbandry, thrift, Refs 5th c.BC+; households, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 generally, direction, regulation, Refs 4th c.BC+; especially of a State, administration, αἱ κατὰ τὴν πόλιν οἰ. Refs 4th c.BC+; principles of government, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a fund, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __3 arrangement, ἡ περὶ τὸν νοσέοντα οἰ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ περὶ τῶν ὠνίων οἰ. market, fair, Refs 5th c.BC+proceedings, Refs; τίνα οἰκονομίαν προσαγήγοχας what steps you have taken, Refs 3rd c.BC+; αὕτη φύσεως οἰ. Refs 2nd c.BC+; of a literary work, arrangement, ἡ κατὰ μέρος οἰ. Refs 8th c.BC+ __4 in Egypt, office of οἰκονόμος, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __5 stewardship, LXX+NT __6 plan, dispensation, NT __7 in bad sense, scheming, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II public revenue of a state, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __III transaction, contract, or legal instrument, Refs 1st c.AD+ __IV magical operation or process, Refs
† גְּבֶ֫רֶת n.f. 1. lady, queen, Is 47:5, 7. 2. mistress of servants, sf. גְּבִרְתִּי Gn 16:8; גְּבִרְתֵּךְ Gn 16:9; גְּבִרְתָּהּ Gn 16:4 2 K 5:3 ψ 123:2 Pr 30:23; (pl. גברת women MI16); גְּבִרְתָּהּ Is 24:2.
† [דָּלַל] vb. hang, be low, languish (NH Hiph. thin, thin out vines, etc.; Assyrian dalâlu, be weak, humble ZimBP 74.97; Arabic دَلَّ idirect, guide, دُلَّ be directed, guided; دَلْدَلَ put in motion, commotion; تَدَلْدَلَ be in motion, hang, dangle; also دَلٌّ amorous, coquettish, gesture or behaviour of women)— Qal Pf. דַּלֹּתִי ψ 116:6, דַּלּוֹתִי 142:7; 1 pl. דַּלּוֹנוּ ψ 79:8, דָּֽלֲלוּ, Is 19:6, דַּלּוּ Is 38:14 Jb 28:4 (on דַּלְיוּ Pr 26:7 cf. דָּלָה);—hang, ‘depend,’ Jb 28:4 (of one descending a miner’s shaft ‖ נָעוּ); be low, of streams Is 19:6 (‖ דָֽרְבוּ); be low, brought low, metaph. of distress ψ 79:8; 116:6; 142:7; languish, of eyes, look languishingly (Che) Is 38:14.— Niph. Impf. יִדַּל Is 17:4, וַיִּדַּל Ju 6:6,—be brought low, laid low Ju 6:6 fig. of Israel; Is 17:4 of glory of Jacob.
† מֹ֫לֶךְ n.pr.div. Molech (𝔊 Μολοχ, 𝔙 Moloch) ( = מֶלֶךְ i.e. (divine) King, with vowels of בֹּשֶׁת to denote abhorrence, HoffmZAW iii. 1883, 124 RSSem i. 353; 2nd ed. 372; cf. Hoffm GGAbh. xxxvi. 1890 (May, 1889), 25; Ph. n. pr. div. מלך Milk, in n.pr. cf. Bloch, Dr Dt 222 f.);—c. art. הַמּ׳:—the god to whom Isr. sacrif. children with fire (in valley of Hinnom); העביר בָּאֵשׁ לַמּ׳ 2 K 23:10; העביר לַמּ׳ Je 32:35 (‖ הַבַּעַל), Lv 18:21 (H); נתן לַמּ׳ Lv 20:2, 3, 4 (H); more gen. לִזְנוֹת אַחֲרֵי הַמּ׳ v 5 (H). In 1 K 11:7 read prob. מִלְכֹּם, q.v.
† [שָׁסַע] vb. divide, cleave (NH Pi. tear apart; 𝔗 Jer Pa. La 3:11 tear in pieces (for ℌ פִּשֵּׁחַ));— Qal Pt. (c. acc. cogn. שֶׁ֫סַע): ms. וְשֹׁסַע שֶׁסַע פַּרְסָה Lv 11:7 (P; on שֹׁ׳ cf. LagBN 84) cleaving the cleft of the hoof, i.e. having cloven hoof, so fs. שֹׁסַ֫עַת v 3, cf. Dt 14:6; שֶׁסַע אֵינֶנָּה שֹׁסַ֫עַת Lv 11:26 (P); pass. הַפַּרְסָה הַשְּׁסוּעָה Dt 14:7. Pi. tear in two, a lion, kid, Impf., Inf. cstr. וַיְשַׁסְּעֵהוּ כְּשַׁסַּע הַגְּדִי Ju 14:6; a bird (by, or at, its wings), Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְשִׁסַּע אֹתוֹ Lv 1:17 (P); Impf. 3 ms. (אֶת־אֲנָשָׁיו בַּדְּבָרִים) וַיְשַׁסַּע 1 S 24:8 gives too violent a meaning; prob. crpt. for word = restrain, or the like Dr HPS, cf. Bu Now (hesitantly).
δουλ-όω, enslave, Refs 5th c.BC+:—mostly in passive, to be enslaved, ὑπὸ Πέρσῃσι, ὑπὸ Ἁρπάγου, Refs 5th c.BC+; αἱ ψυχαὶ δεδούλωνται Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle (with perfect δεδουλῶσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+, make subject to oneself, enslave, Refs 5th c.BC+
ὁρίζω, Ionic dialect οὐρ- Refs 5th c.BC+: future ὁριῶ Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ὥρισα Refs 5th c.BC+; Ionic dialect οὔρισα Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ὥρικα Refs 4th c.BC+:—middle, future -ιοῦμαιRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist ὡρισάμην Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, future ὁρισθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ὡρίσθην Refs: perfect ὥρισμαι Refs 5th c.BC+; but in middle sense, Refs 5th c.BC+: (ὅρος):—divide or separate from, as a border or boundary, c.accusative et dative, ὁ Νεῖλος ὁ τὴν Ἀσίην οὐρίζων τῇ Λιβύῃ Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, θύρᾳ βαλανωτῇ ὡρισμένην ἀπὸ τῆς ἀνδρωνίτιδος Refs 5th c.BC+; or __b with two accusatives joined by καί, separate, [λίμνη] οὐρίζει τήν τε Σκυθικὴν καὶ τὴν Νευρίδα γῆν Refs 5th c.BC+; see at {ὁρίζων}. __c delimit, χρὴ τὸν νόμον ὁρίζειν πειρᾶσθαι κατὰ μέρη Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 bound, τὴν ἀρχὴν ὥριζεν αὐτῷ ἡ Ἐρυθρὰ θάλαττα Refs 5th c.BC+; of a line (or surface) as limiting a surface (or solid), Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, Εὔβοια.. ὅροις ὑγροῖσιν ὡρισμένη Refs 5th c.BC+ so far let it go and no further, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 pass between or through, διδύμους πέτρας Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 part, divide, χειμὼν ἄλλοσ᾽ ἄλλον ὥρισεν Refs; ὁ. τινὰ ἀπὸ.. banish one from.., Refs —passive, ματρὸς ἐκ χερῶν ὁ. depart from.., Refs, but very uncertain in Refs 5th c.BC+ __II mark out by boundaries, mark out, βωμὸν ἱδρύσατο καὶ τέμενος περὶ αὐτὸν οὔρισε Refs 5th c.BC+; see infr. IV. 1: metaphorically, ὁ. τι ἔς τι limit one thing according to another, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 trace out as a boundary, πόρον (of Refs 4th c.BC+ __III ordain, determine, lay down, αἶσα τόνδε σοὐρίζει (i.e. σοι ὁρίζει) μόρον Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, ἄνακτες ὥρισαν.. θανεῖν ἐμὴν δέσποιναν οὐ ψήφῳ μιᾷ Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ. τινὰ θεόν determine one to be a god, deify, Refs 4th c.BC+; θάνατον ὡρικέναι τὴν ζημίαν Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, ὧραι ἑκάστοις εἰσὶν ὡρισμέναι Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐπί τισι ὡρισμένοις on certain definite terms (compare ῥητός), Refs; ἀρχαὶ ἀριθμῷ ὡρισμέναι limited, definite, opposed to ἄπειροι, Refs __III.2 define a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+middle than active,Refs __IV middle, mark out for oneself, τίνα ὅρον ὁρίζῃ what criterion do you assign, Refs 5th c.BC+; στήλας ὁ. set up stones as boundary marks, Refs 5th c.BC+take possession of, take to oneself, Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive added, ἱερὸν ὡρίσαντ᾽ ἔχειν Refs 5th c.BC+set up, Refs 5th c.BC+; see at {ὕπαστρος}. __IV.2 determine for oneself, get or have a thing determined, ἃ ὡρίσω σὺ δίκαια Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, αὐτὸν πολεμεῖν ὁρίζομαι I lay it down that.., Refs 4th c.BC+; τί ποτ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ὡρίσαντο καὶ τίνος γένους εἶναι τὸ φυτό; Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV.3 define a thing, τὴν ἡδονὴν ἀγαθὸν ὁ. Refs 5th c.BC+: with accusative et infinitive, ὁ. δικαίους εἶναι τοὺς εἰδότας κτλ. Refs 5th c.BC+:— passive, to be defined, [ἡ αἰδὼς] ὁρίζεται φόβος τις ἀδοξίας Refs 4th c.BC+; οἷς αἱ φιλίαι ὁρίζονταιRefs __V intransitive, border upon, πλὴν ὅσον αὐτῆς πρὸς τὴν Ἀσίην οὐρίζει Refs 5th c.BC+ __VI as Attic dialect law-term, δισχιλίων ὡρισμένος τὴν οἰκίαν having the house marked with ὅροι (compare ὅρος II) to secure a claim on it for Refs 4th c.BC+
προΐστημι, future -στήσω: aorist 1 προὔστησα, participle προστήσας, infinitive προστῆσαι. Causal in these tenses, as also in present and aorist 1 middle, set before, once in Refs 8th c.BC+ put his body in the way, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 set over, ὃν ἡ πόλις ἀξιοῖ αὑτῆς προϊστάναι, variant for{-εστάναι}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 exhibit publicly, prostitute, π. ἐπ᾽ οἰκημάτων Refs 1st c.AD+ __II middle, mostly aorist 1, put another before oneself, choose as one's leader, Refs 5th c.BC+take as one's guardian, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 put before one, put in front, σκίπωνα προστήσασθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν χεῖρα, so as to shade the eyes, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3 metaphorically, put forward as an excuse or pretence, use as a screen, τί τάδε προὐστήσω λόγ; Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 προστησώμεθα Τύρταιον put him forward, cite him as an authority, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 prefer, value above, ὦτα τοῦ νοῦ προστησάμενοι Refs __II.6 establish a thing before another, τοὺς ἀριθμοὺς τῆς ὑποστάσεως αὐτῶν (i.e. τῶν ὄντων) Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II.7 manifest, Refs __B passive, with aorist 2 active προὔστην: perfect προέστηκα, 2nd pers. plural προέστατε Refs 5th c.BC+; infinitive προεστάναι, participle προεστώς (see. below): future perfect προεστήξομαι, see below Refs:—aorist passive προεστάθην, see belowRefs:—come forward, variant for{προσ-} in Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.2 c.accusative, approach as a suppliant, ἥ σε.. λιπαρεῖ προὔστην χερί Refs 5th c.BC+; προστῆναι μέσην τράπεζαν uncertain in Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.3 with dative, stand so as to face another, σοὶ γὰρ αἴας πολέμιος προὔστη ποτέ Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.4 stand in public, be a prostitute, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.II with genitive, to be set over, be at the head of, τῆς Ἑλλάδος Refs 5th c.BC+; especially to be chief or leader of a party, τῶν παράλων, τῶν ἐκ τοῦ πεδίου, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. αὐτῶν to be their ringleader, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. χοροῦ, στρατεύματος, Refs; π. τῶν πολιτειῶν head the respective parties in the state, Refs 5th c.BC+ absolutely, οἱ προεστῶτες, _Ionic dialect_ -εῶτες, the leading men, τῶν σκυθέων Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι προστάντες Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.2 in various relations, govern, direct, οὐκ ὀρθῶς σεωυτοῦ προέστηκας you do not manage yourself well, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐργασίας, τέχνης, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __B.II.3 stand before so as to guard, οἱ δορυφόροι Μασίστεω προέστησαν Refs 5th c.BC+: hence, support, succour, πρόστητ᾽ ἀναγκαίας τύχης Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ προστὰς τῆς εἰρήνης the champion of peace, Refs 4th c.BC+; πάντων προστᾶσα [δύναμις] Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τινός to be his protector, Refs 2nd c.BC+; τῆς ἐναντίας π. γνώμης Refs 2nd c.BC+were the authors of.., Refs 5th c.BC+; π. [νόσου] Refs 5th c.BC+
τᾰπεινός, ή, όν, low: __1 of Place, low-lying, χώρη Refs 5th c.BC+; νῆσος Refs 1st c.BC+; ταπεινὰ νέμεσθαι to live in low regions, Refs 5th c.BC+; of stature or size, low, ὀστᾶ Refs 5th c.BC+; of position in the body, τὰ τ. τοῦ θώρακος Refs 2nd c.AD+; of a river, low, opposed to μέγας, Refs 2nd c.BC+; of stars, low, i.e. near the horizon, Refs 2nd c.AD+; but also, near the earth, Refs; of the sun, opposed to ὑψηλός, Refs 2nd c.AD+; λοξὸς καὶ τ. Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 of persons, humbled, abased in power, pride, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; σὺ δ᾽ οὐδέπω τ. Refs 5th c.BC+; submissive, Refs 5th c.BC+; αἱ τ. τῶν πόλεων small, poor, weak, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. δύναμις Refs 4th c.BC+; of low intelligence, αἱ τῶν ἀσυνέτων καὶ τ. ἀνθρώπων ψυχαί Refs 2nd c.AD+ adverb, ταπεινῶς (or ταπεινὰ) πράττειν to be in low estate or obscurity, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 of the spirits, downcast, dejected, διάνοια Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 in moral sense, either bad, mean, base, abject, τ. καὶ ἀνελεύθερος Refs 5th c.BC+; or good, lowly, humble, Refs 5th c.BC+, frequently in NT, NT __5 of things, mean, low, poor, τ. καὶ ἄπορος δίαιτα Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative, -οτάτη περίστασις Refs 1st c.AD+; θεωρία -οτέρα, opposed to τιμιωτέρα, Refs 4th c.BC+; of style, low, poor, τ. λέξις, opposed to κεκοσμημένη, Refs adverb, -νῶς λέγειν in a submissive manner, Refs
τᾰπεινο-φροσύνη, ἡ, humility, NT; mean-spiritedness, Refs 1st c.AD+
φῑμ-όω, muzzle, οὐ φιμώσεις βοῦν ἀλοῶντα LXX; shut up as with a muzzle, φ. τῷ ξύλῳ τὸν αὐχένα to make fast his neck in the pillory, Refs 5th c.BC+; close, seal up, στόμα [ἄγγους] Refs 3rd c.BC+: metaphorically, muzzle, put to silence, τινα NT:— passive, to be put to silence, be silent, φιμώθητι, πεφίμωσο, NT+2nd c.AD+; τινι by or because of a thing, Refs 1st c.AD+; φιμοῦσθαι πρός τι to be mute in a matter,Refs 2nd c.AD+
† I. דְּרוֹר n.[m.] a flowing; free run, liberty;— 1. מָר־דְּרוֹר Ex 30:23 (P) i.e. myrrh of flowing, fine-flowing m. cf. מֹר" dir="rtl" >מֹר & Di. 2. c. קרא proclaim liberty, וּקְרָאתֶם דְּרוֹר בָּאָרֶץ לְכָל־יֹשְׁכֶ֑יהָ Lv 25:10 (H) in Jubilee year, cf. Is 61:1 (‖ פְּקַח־קוֹחַ); Je 34:8, 15, 17 all ref. to liberty of Sabbatical year; v 17 (iron.) lo! I proclaim to you liberty unto the sword, unto pestilence & unto famine, i.e. liberty to be destroyed by sword, pestilence and famine, (a judgment of Yahweh); שְׁנַת־הַדּ׳ Ez 46:17 i.e. year of Jubilee (cf. Lv 25:10).
† I. שָׁלַט vb. domineer, be master of (late) (NH id.; Assyrian šalâṭu, have power; Arabic سَلُطَ overcome, prevail; سَلِيطٌ strong, hard, سُلْطَانٌ dominion, also ruler, sultan; Ethiopic ሠለጠ: Aramaic שְׁלַט, ܫܠܰܛ (especially der. spec.), Nab. שלט, שלטון);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Ec 8:9, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁלַט Ec 2:19, etc.; Inf. cstr. שְׁלוֹט Est 9:1;—domineer, lord it over, עַל pers., Ne 5:15; ב pers. Ec 8:9 (לְרַע לוֹ); ב rei 2:19; become master of, ב pers. Est 9:1(×2). Hiph. 1. give power of: Pf. 3 ms. sf. pers. וְהִשְׁלִיטוֹ לֶאֱכֹל Ec 5:18, so Impf. 3 ms. sf. יַשְׁלִיטֶנּוּ 6:2 (both subj. God). 2. = Qal, get mastery of: juss. 3 fs. אַל־תַּשְׁלֶט־בִּי כָּל־אָ֑וֶן ψ 119:133.
διατίθημι, 3rd.pers. plural imperfect διετίθουν Refs 4th c.BC+:—arrange each in their several places, distribute, τὰ κρέα, in sacrificing, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II manage well or ill, usually with adverb, κράτιστα δ. τὰ τοῦ πολέμου Refs 5th c.BC+; of persons, δ. ἑωυτὸν ἀνηκέστως treat himself barbarously, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, οὐ ῥᾳδίως διετέθη he was not very gently handled, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀπόρως διατεθέντας reduced to helplessness, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 with accusative person, with adverbs, dispose one so or so, ὅταν οὕτω διαθῇς τοὺς Ἕλληνας Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be disposed in a certain manner, πρός τινα Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐρωτικῶς δ., of animals, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III set forth, of speakers, minstrels, etc., recite, κακῶς ποιήματα Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 describe, Refs 1st c.BC+ __B middle, arrange as one likes, dispose of, τὴν θυγατέρα Refs 5th c.BC+; spend, δ. τὰς οὐσίας εἴς τι Refs 2nd c.BC+ __B.2 dispose of one's property, devise it by will, Refs 4th c.BC+; δ. διαθήκας, διαθήκην, make a will, Refs 5th c.BC+; κἂν ἀποθάνῃ μὴ διαθέμενος intestate, Refs 4th c.BC+; ὁ δ. the testator, NT __B.3 dispose of merchandise, φόρτον Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. τὴν ὥραν καὶ τὴν σοφίαν Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.4 arrange or settle mutually, δ. διαθήκην τινί make a covenant with one, NT+5th c.BC+; ἔριν δ. ἀλλήλοις settle a quarrel, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.5 compose, make, νόμους Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.6 set forth, recite, λόγους, δημηγορίαν, etc., Refs 2nd c.BC+ __B.6.b Grammars, διατιθέναι and -τίθεσθαι to act and be acted upon, Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὸ διατιθέν and τὸ διατιθέμενον subject and object, Refs
ἐπιστᾰτ-ης, ου, ὁ, (ἐφίσταμαι) one who stands near or by: hence, like{ἱκέτης}, suppliant, οὐ σύ γ᾽ ἂν.. σῷ ἐπιστάτῃ οὐδ᾽ ἅλα δοίης Refs 8th c.BC+ __2. in battle-order, one's rear-rank man, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.b. also, even numbers in a λόχος, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II. one who stands or is mounted upon, ἁρμάτων ἐ., of a charioteer, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐλεφάντων ἐ., of the driver, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.2. one who is set over, chief, commander, Refs 4th c.BC+; ποιμνίων ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐρετμῶν ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+; θύματος ἐ. Refs; but ταύρων πυρπνόων ζεύγλῃσι mastering them with.., Refs; ἐνόπτρων καὶ μύρων, of the Trojans, Refs; ἐ. Κολωνοῦ, of a tutelary god, Refs 5th c.BC+; [καιρὸς] ἀνδράσιν μέγιστος ἔργου παντός ἐστ᾽ ἐ. Refs; also in Prose, ἐ. γενέσθαι τῶν λόγων ἴσους καὶ κοινούς judges, Refs 5th c.BC+; ποίας ἐργασίας ἐ.; Answ. ἐ. τοῦ ποιῆσαι δεινὸν λέγειν (where it ={ἐπιστήμων}) Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπιστάται ἄθλων stewards of games, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a pilot, Refs; supervisor of training, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῶν ἐφήβων NT+1st c.BC+ __III. president of a board or assembly: at Athens, ἐ. τῶν πρυτάνεων chairman of βουλή and ἐκκλησία in 5th C, Refs 4th c.BC+, later, keeper of Treasury or Archives, Refs; ἐ. τῶν προέδρων chairman of βουλή and ἐκκλησία from 4th C Refs 4th c.BC+ __III.2. overseer, superintendent, in charge of any public building or works, τοῦ νεὼ τοῦ ἐν πόλει, i.e. of the temple of Athena Polias, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐ. τῶν ἔργων clerk of the works, LXX+4th c.BC+; τῶν κοπρώνων Refs 4th c.BC+ __III.3. governor, administrator, τῆς πόλεως Refs 3rd c.BC+; κώμης local magistrate, Refs __III.4. ={προστάτης}, Latin patronus, Refs __IV. in Refs 5th c.BC+; compare ἐπίστατον.
ἐπι-τᾰγή, ἡ, (ἐπιτάσσω) ={-ταγμα}, LXX+2nd c.BC+; imposition of taxes, αἱ ἐ. τῶν εἰσφορῶν Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 especially of oracles or divine commands, κατ᾽ ἐπιταγήν Refs; κατ᾽ ἐ. τοῦ θεοῦ NT
κῡρι-εύω, to be lord or master of, πάντων Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.; τῶν γενημάτων Refs 2nd c.BC+; τῆς θαλάττης Refs 2nd c.BC+; κυριεύειν τὴν γυναῖκα τοῦ ἀνδρός NT+1st c.BC+; gain possession of, seize, ζωγρίᾳ τινῶν Refs 3rd c.BC+; τοῦ κυριεύοντος τὴν ὅλην οἰκουμένην Refs: absolutely, to be dominant, Refs 3rd c.BC+:—passive, to be dominated, possessed, ὑπό τινος Refs 4th c.BC+ __b Astrology texts, of planets, κ. τοῦ σχήματος Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, οἱ -όμενοι τόποι Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 to have legal power to do, with infinitive, Legal cited in Refs 4th c.BC+ __II ὁ κυριεύων (i.e. λόγος, which is expressed in Refs 1st c.AD+
† [הָדַר] vb. swell (?), honour, adorn, (NH הִדֵּר adorn; Aramaic הַדַּר ܗܰܕܰܪ Pa. adorn, honour; perhaps all denom.; cf. Palm. n.pr.f. הדירת ornata, honorata VogNo. 55; Arabic هَدَرَ be of no account; but also ferbuit (vinum) & أَهْدَرُ inflatus, tumens (venter))— Qal Pf. 2 ms. וְהָדַרְתָּ֫ Lv 19:32; Impf. 2 ms. תֶּהְדַּר Ex 23:3 Lv 19:15; Pt. pass. הָדוּר Is 63:1, pl. הֲדוּרִים Is 45:2 (poss. הררים 𝔊 ὄρη, cf. Di, but v. הר):— 1. swell, only pt. pass. pl. Is 45:2 (si vera l.) in neuter sense, of hills, swelling places, swells of land (made level before Cyrus). 2. honour, pay honour to, sq. acc.; in good sense וְהָדַרְתָּ פְּנֵי זָקֵן Lv 19:32 (H) and thou shalt honour the face of an old man (‖ מִפְּנֵי שֵׂיבָה תָּקוּם); in bad sense (of partiality, favouritism) לֹא תֶהְדַּר פְּנֵי גָדוֹל Lv 19:15 (H) (‖ לֹא תִשָּׂא פְנֵי־דָל); cf. וְדַל לֹא תֶּהְדַּר בְּרִיבוֹ Ex 23:3 (JE; either read גָּדֹל for ודל,—ו not needed at beginning of v.,—so Kn SS al., yet 𝔊 πένητα;—or suppose balancing cl., as Lv 19:15, to have fallen out, cf. Di). 3. adorn, only pt. pass. adorned, made splendid הָדוּר בִּלְבוּשׁוֹ Is 63:1. Niph. Pf. נֶהְדָּ֑רוּ La 5:12 were (not) honoured, subj. פְּנֵי זְקֵנִים. Hithp. Impf. juss. 2 ms. תִּתְהַדַּר Pr 25:6 honour oneself, i.e. claim honour.
† שְׁלֵט vb. have power, rule (𝔗 Syriac; BH (q.v.) late);— Pe. Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Dn 3:27, 3 mpl. שְׁלִ֫טוּ 6:25; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁלַ֑ט 5:7, 3 fs. תִּשְׁלַט 2:39, 2 ms. תִּשְׁלַ֑ט 5:16;—have power upon, ב rei, Dn 3:27 (of fire); fall upon, assault (𝔗 = פָּגע בְּ), ב pers. 6:25 (of lions); subj. pers. rule; be ruler, abs., 5:7, 16, subj. kingdom, ב of earth, 2:39. Haph. make ruler: Pf. 3 ms. sf. הַשְׁלְטָךְ 2:38 (ב pers., etc.); הַשְׁלְטֵהּ v 48 (עַל of province).
βαρέω, Aeolic dialect βορ-, see below, future -ήσωRefs 2nd c.AD+: perfect βεβάρηκα Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, see below:—weigh down, depress, βαρήσει ταῦτα τὸ πορθμεῖον Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὸ ἔθνος ἐβάρει ταῖς εἰσφοραῖς Refs 1st c.AD+ [same place]:—passive, κῆρ.. βόρηται Refs 7th c.BC+; β. τῷ ἐκφορίῳ Refs 2nd c.AD+: with accusative, to be indignant at, αὐτῶν τὴν εὐγένειαν Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 charge an account, Refs 6th c.AD+ __II intransitive in Epic dialect perfect participle βεβαρηώς weighed down, heavy, οῐνῳ βεβαρηότες Refs 8th c.BC+:—later, perfect participle passive βεβαρημένος, μεθυσθεὶς τοῦ νέκταρος β. ηὗδεν Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς β. ὑπ᾽ οἴνουNT+3rd c.BC+; οἷον βεβαρημένος as though pregnant, Refs 3rd c.AD+:—passive, present βαρέεται Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐβαρήθην Refs 1st c.BC+: perfect βεβάρηται Refs
βᾰρύς, εῖα, ύ, poetry genitive plural feminine βαρεῶν uncertain in Refs 4th c.BC+:— heavy in weight, β. ἀείρεσθαι, opposed to κοῦφος, Refs 8th c.BC+ mostly with collateral notion of strength and force, χεῖρα βαρεῖαν Refs 8th c.BC+; of athletes, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ὀφρύς bushy, Refs; but also, heavy with age, infirmity or suffering, νόσῳ Refs 5th c.BC+; pregnant, Refs 4th c.AD+; β. βάσις heavy, slow, Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb κοῦφον βαρέως Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 heavy to bear, grievous, ἄτη, ἔρις, κακότης, Refs 8th c.BC+; βαρὺ or βαρέα στενάχειν sob heavily, Refs 8th c.BC+: in Trag. and Prose, burdensome, grievous, oppressive, β. ξυμφορά, τύχαι, καταλλαγαί, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+causing disgust, Refs 5th c.BC+; unwholesome, χωρίον Refs 5th c.BC+; indigestible, Refs 2nd c.AD+ adverb -έως, φέρειν τι take a thing ill, suffer it impatiently, Refs 5th c.BC+ bear with dignity, Refs 1st c.BC+; β. ἔχειν, with part, Refs 4th c.BC+; τοῖς λογίοις Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative βαρυτέρως τινὶ ἐναντιωθῆναι LXX; βαρέως ἀκούειν hear with disgust, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 violent, ὀργή Refs 5th c.BC+; θυμός Refs 3rd c.BC+ __4 weighty, grave, ἐπιστολαί NT; ample, βαρυτάτην εὐδαιμονίαν τοῖς ἀρχομένοις παρέξειν Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II of persons, severe, stern, β. ἐπιτιμητής Refs 5th c.BC+; wearisome, troublesome, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 overbearing, σεμνότεροι ἢ βαρύτεροι Refs 4th c.BC+; important, powerful, πόλις Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.3 of soldiers, heavy-armed, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the ὁπλίτης Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ β. τῶν ὅπλων Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.4 difficult, ὅρκος γὰρ οὐδεὶς ἀνδρὶ φηλήτῃ β. Refs 5th c.BC+ __III of impressions on the senses, __III.1 of sound, strong, deep, bass, opposed to to ὀξύς, Refs 8th c.BC+; especially of musical pitch, low, opposed to ὀξύς, βαρυτάτη χορδή Refs 5th c.BC+; ἆχος, φωνά, Refs 4th c.BC+ M.; of accent, grave, ἀντὶ ὀξείας τῆς μέσης συλλαβῆς βαρεῖαν ἐφθεγξάμεθα Refs 5th c.BC+ accentus gravis, Refs 2nd c.BC+unaccented, Refs adverb βαρέως with the accent thrown back, Refs 2nd c.AD+ (ου) opposed to οὗ), Refs 4th c.BC+ (but, on a lower note, αὐλεῖν Refs __III.2 of smell, strong, offensive, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.3 adverb βαρέως slowly, ἐπισπᾶσθαι Refs 2nd c.BC+. (guṛr-u- from gu[rmacr]ṛ-u-, Sanskrit gurús 'heavy', Latin gravis (from feminine gur[schwa]wī-), Gothic kaúrus 'heavy'.)
† [מָרֵא] n.m. lord (𝔗 מָר, c. מָרֵי; Syriac ܡܳܪܶܐ, e. ܡܳܪܳܐ, ܡܳܪܝܳܐ, Egyptian Aramaic מרא (RÉSi. 361); Chr-Pal. ܡܐܪ, etc., SchulthLex. 115; Old Aramaic Nab. Palm. מר(א) (Lzb316); cf. n.pr. dei מרנא (μαρνα), god of Gaza, SAC77; also Arabic مَرْءٌ man, Sab. מרא man, lord HomChr 127; AA 293 RÉSi. 454, 2);—lord: of God, cstr. מ׳ שְׁמַיָּא Dn 5:23, מָרֵה מַלְכִין 2:47; of king, sf. מָֽרְאִי Kt (as Nab., SACl.c.; K§ 58, 1), Qr מָרִי (as Palm., SACl.c.) 4:16, 21.
† [שְׁרָא] vb. 1. loosen 2. abide (v. BH I. שׁרה);— Pe. Inf. לְמִשְׁרֵא Dn 5:16; read מִשׁ׳ also v 12, for מְשָׁ׳ (K§ 40 n. M 87* al.);—Pt. pass. שְׁרֵא (K§ 47, Beisp. f)) 2:22; pl. שְׁרַיִן 3:25;— 1. loosen: lit. pt. pass. loosed Dn 3:25 (opp. bound); fig. loosen knots, i.e. solve difficulties, 5:12, 16. 2. abide (from loosening girths, loads, at encampment; cf. 𝔗 NH [also on pt. pass.]), fig. 2:22 (עִם pers.). Pa. Pf. 3 mpl. שָׁרִיו Ezr 5:2 begin (v. BH III. [חָלַל Hiph. 2), sq. inf. Hithpa. Pt. mpl. מִשְׁתָּרַ֫יִן Dn 5:6 joints were loosened (in fear).
† [שָׂרַר] vb. denom. (Gerber20) be, or act as, prince, rule;— Qal Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּ֫שַׂר עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל Ju 9:22 Abim. ruled over Isr. three years; 3 mpl. שָׂרִים … יָשׂ֑רוּ Is 32:1 princes shall govern (prince it) justly (‖ יִמְלָךְ־מֶלֶךְ), cf. Pr 8:16; Pt. לִהְיוֹת … שֹׂרֵר Est 1:22 that every man should bear rule בְּבֵיתוֹ. Hithp. Impf., 2 ms. + Inf. abs. כִּי־תִשְׂתָּרֵר עָלֵינוּ גַּס־הִשְׂתָּרֵר Nu 16:13 that thou shouldst also keep playing the prince over us.—יָסֹר 1 Ch 15:22 v. יָסַר" dir="rtl" >יָסַר Qal and שַׂר²" dir="rtl" >שַׂר 4 b. Hiph. Pf. 3 pl. metapl. הֵשִׂירוּ (Ges§ 67 v) Ho 8:4 they made princes (abs.; ‖ הִמְלִיכוּ).
βᾰσῐλ-ικός, ή, όν, royal, kingly, ποιέεις οὐδαμῶς -κά Refs 5th c.BC+; β. [μοναρχία] Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to τυραννικός, Refs 4th c.BC+; βασιλικοὶ ἀπέβησαν proved themselves truly kingly, Refs 5th c.BC+, ἡ, art of ruling, Refs: comparative -ώτερος Refs 2nd c.AD+: superlative βασιλικώτατος καὶ ἄρχειν ἀξιώτατος Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb -κῶς, παρών as a king, with kingly authority, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 of or belonging to a king, οἱ β. the king's friends or officers, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐγκλήματα β. charges of high-treason, Refs; ὀφειλήματα β. debts to the king,Refs; γραμματεύςRefs 2nd c.BC+; γεωργοί Refs 2nd c.BC+; ὁδὸς β. the king's highway, LXX+3rd c.BC+; μὴ εἶναι β. ἀτραπὸν ἐπὶ γεωμετρίαν no royal road, NT+3rd c.BC+; αἱ β. βίβλοι the books of Kings, Refs 1st c.AD+ __3 choice Refs 4th c.BC+ __4 κάρυα β. walnuts, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __4.b β. κύμινον, ={ἄμι}, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II as substantive, __II.1 βασιλικός (i.e. γραμματεύς), ὁ, official in Egyptian νομοί, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II.1.b (i.e. οἶκος) basilica, Refs __II.1.c (i.e. ὄρνις) ={ἀκαλανθίς}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.1.d (i.e. ἀστήρ) ={βασιλίσκος} see, Refs __II.2 βασιλικὴ στοά hall divided into aisles by columns, Refs 1st c.BC+; β. alone, Refs, Latin basilica, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.3 βασιλικόν (i.e. ταμιεῖον), τό, treasury, εἰς τὸ β. ἀπομετρῆσαι, τελεῖν, Refs 3rd c.BC+; royal bank, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.3.b (i.e. δῶμα) palace, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.3.c (i.e. πρόσταγμα) royal decree, LXX __II.3.d (i.e. φάρμακον) name for various remedies, ={τετραφάρμακον}, Refs 2nd c.AD+; of other compounds, Refs; a plaster, Refs; an eyesalve, Refs a bandage, Refs __II.3.e (i.e. φυτόν) basil, Ocimum basilicum, Refs __II.3.f βασιλικά, τά, communications received from kings, Refs; also, interests or revenues of the crown, LXX+3rd c.BC+; prerogatives, Refs
ἐγκόπτω, knock in, πάτταλον Refs 4th c.BC+; χιλίας (i.e. πληγὰς) ἐς τὸ νῶτον ἐγκόψαι Refs 3rd c.BC+ __2 engrave, τὸ ψήφισμα ἐς στήλην Refs:—middle, Refs __3 incise, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II oppose, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III check, hold the breath, Refs 2nd c.AD+: generally, hinder, thwart, τισί Refs; τῇ δικαιοδοσίᾳ falsa lectio in Refs 2nd c.BC+; delay, NT:—passive, ἐνεκοπτόμην τοῦ ἐλθεῖν NT+3rd c.AD+ __IV intransitive, come to a stop, Refs
ἐπίσκοπ-ος, ὁ, __A (σκοπός 1) one who watches over, overseer, guardian, ἦ γὰρ ὄλωλας ἐπίσκοπος, ὅς τέ μιν αὐτὴν ῥύσκευ (i.e. τὴν πόλιν), of Hector, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐπίσκοποι ἁρμονιάων watchers over compacts, of the gods, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐ. ὀϊστῶν, of an archer, variant in Refs 3rd c.BC+; in education, tutor, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially of tutelary gods (compare ἐπισκοπέὠ, Παλλὰς ἐ. Refs 6th c.BC+; Χάριτες Μινυᾶν ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+; πατρῴων δωμάτων ἐ. Refs; τὸ δεινὸν.. φρενῶν ἐπίσκοπον guardian of the mind, Refs; νυχίων φθεγμάτων ἐ., of Bacchus, Refs 5th c.BC+; [Χριστὸς] ἐ. τῶν ψυχῶν NT+5th c.BC+ __A.2. scout, watch, c.dative, ἐ. Τρώεσσι, νήεσσιν ἡμετέρῃσιν, one set to watch them, Refs 8th c.BC+ __A.3. supervisor, inspector, sent by Athens to subject states, Refs 5th c.BC+; of municipal officials at Rhodes, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __A.4. ecclesiastical superintendent, ἐπίσκοποι καὶ διάκονοι NT
† [מוּךְ] vb. be low, depressed, grow poor (NH id., Niph.; Aramaic מוּךְ, sink or bend down; cf. מָכַךְ, Syriac ܡܰܟ, ܡܟܶܟ, be brought low, humble);— Qal Pf. consec. וּמָךְ Lv 27:8 (P); Impf. יָמוּךְ Lv 25:25, 35, 39 (all H); Pt. מָךְ Lv 25:47 (P): all of impoverished Israelites.
† מִמְשָׁל n.[m.] dominion, ruler (late);—abs. מ׳ Dn 11:3, 5; pl. הַמִּמְשָׁלִים 1 Ch 26:6;— 1. מ׳ רב great dominion Dn 11:3 (acc. cogn. c. מָשַׁל), v 5 (pred. of מֶמְשַׁלְתּוֹ). 2. abstr. for concr. (pl.) = rulers 1 Ch 26:6 (? read הַמּשְׁלִים).
† מְנָה vb. number, reckon (v. BH);— Pe. Pf. 3 ms. מ׳ Dn 5:26 God has numbered (the days of) thy kingdom (acc.; i.e. put an end to it);—מְנֵא v. infr. Pa. appoint, acc. pers.: Pf. 3 ms. מַנִּי Dn 2:24 (+ Inf.), v 49 (ל pers. + עַל rei); 2 ms. מַנִּיתָ 3:12 (עַל rei); Imv. ms. מֶנִּי (K§ 47, 3, c)) Ezr 7:25.
† [עָטַר] vb.denom. crown;— Pi. Pf. 3 fs. ש��ׁעִטְּרָה לוֹ Ct 3:11 with which his mother crowned him (v. i. עֲטָרָה 1); elsewhere fig.: 2 ms. עִטַּרְתָּ שְׁנַת טוֹבָתֶ֑ךָ ψ 65:12 thou (י׳) hast crowned the year of thy goodness; Impf. 2 ms. sf. וְכָבוֹד וְהָדָר תְּעַטְּרֵהוּ 8:6; Pt. sf. הַמְעַטְּרֵכִי חֶסֶד וְרַחֲמִים 103:4 (of י׳). Hiph. Pt. f. צֹר הַמַּעֲטִירָה Is 23:8 usually Tyre the crown-bestower (Ges Ew De CheComm. Di Du GuKau Skinner), but dub.; the crown-wearer Hi Gr (after 𝔖), so Ren CheHpt. (reading הַמְּעֻטָּרָה).
ἐξουσ-ιάζω, future -άσωRefs 1st c.BC+:—exercise authority, LXX: with infinitive, have power, Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 exercise authority over, τοῦ μνήματος Refs; τινῶν NT+6th c.AD+:—middle, ἐπὶ τὸν λαόν LXX; ἔν τινιLXX:— passive, to be held under authority, NT __3 enjoy licence, Refs 4th c.BC+
ἐπισκοπ-ή, ἡ, watching over, visitation, of God, LXX+NT __II. office of ἐπίσκοπος, NT: generally, office, LXX __II.2. ={ἐπίσκεψις}LXX
κατακῡριεύω, gain or exercise complete dominion, LXX __2 κ. τινός gain dominion over, gain possession of,LXX+NT; [πλοίου] Refs 1st c.BC+
κῡρι-ότης, ητος, ἡ, dominion, NT __2 later, concrete, authority, Refs 6th c.AD+ __II proper, legitimate use of a term, Refs 5th c.AD+; = Latin proprietas, Refs
σύνδεσμ-ος, ὁ, irregular plural σύνδεσμα Refs 5th c.BC+:—that which binds together, bond of union, fastening, ξ. ἦν.. τὰ ξύλα, τοῦ μὴ ἀσθενὲς εἶναι τὸ οἰκοδόμημα Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀραρότως σύνδεσμα χρυσὸς εἶχε the golden headband kept its bonds firmly fixed, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἁμμάτων σύνδεσμα fastenings of garments, Refs; μελέων σύνδεσμα, of sinews or ligaments, NT+5th c.BC+ __2 metaphorically, bond of union; ὁ σ. τῆς πόλεως the bond that keeps the state together, of good citizens, NT+5th c.BC+ __3 Grammars, conjunction, Refs 4th c.BC+; σ. ἓν ποιεῖ τὰ πολλάRefs 3rd c.BC+ __II ={σύνδεσις}Refs 5th c.BC+ __III that which is bound together, bundle, ἐπιστολῶν Refs 2nd c.AD+ __IV conspiracy, LXX __V sodomy,LXX __VI Astron., node, Refs 4th c.BC+ __VI.2 Σ. the Knot, i.e. the star a Piscium, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __VI.3 Astrology texts, connexion of heavenly bodies, Refs 2nd c.AD+; of the moon, Refs 4th c.AD+
τετράρχ-ης, ου, ὁ, tetrarch, Refs 1st c.BC+, etc.; of rulers under the protection of Rome of lower grade than kings, e.g. in Palestine, NT+1st c.AD+: also τέτραρχος, Θεσσαλῶν Refs 4th c.BC+ genitive -χου Refs c.AD), but -χα Refs __II a leader of four λόχοι, or 64 men, Refs 3rd c.BC+
† מִסְכֵּן adj. poor, only Ec. (NH id.; Aramaic id., ܡܶܣܟܶܝܢ PS2632; Arabic مِسْكِينٌ; Ethiopic ምስኪን Di382; √ dub.; usually der. from III. סכן q.v.; perhaps loan-wd.; according to JenZA iv (1889), 271 f Zimib. vii (1892), 353=Assyrian muškênu, beggar, needy one);—always abs. מ׳:—יֶלָד מ׳ וְחָכָם Ec 4:13 (opp. מֶלֶךְ זָקִן וּכְסִיל); אִישׁ מ׳ חָכָם 9:15, הָאִישׁ הַמּ׳ v 15; as subst. הַמּ׳ v 16 the poor man.
† [שְׁפֵל] vb. be low (v. BH);— Haph. bring low, humble: Pf. 2 ms. הַשְׁפֵּלְתְּ לִבְבָךְ Dn 5:22 thou hast not humbled thine heart: Impf. 3 ms. יְהַשְׁפִּ֑ל 7:24, Inf. לְהַשְׁפָּלָה 4:34, Pt. מַשְׁפִּ֑ל 5:19, all. c. acc. pers. bring low, put down.
ἀγγᾰρ-εύω, press one to serve as an ἄγγαρος, generally, press into service, NT.Matt.5.41,Refs 3rd c.BC+:—passive, to be pressed into service, Refs 4th c.BC+: metaphorically, to be constrained, Refs 6th c.AD+
δοῦλος __A, Cretan dialect δῶλος Refs, ὁ:—properly born bondman or slave, opposed to one made a slave, τὰ ἀνδράποδα πάντα καὶ δοῦλα καὶ ἐλεύθερα Refs 5th c.BC+: then, generally, bondman, slave, opposed to δεσπότης (which see): not in Refs 8th c.BC+, who twice has feminine δούλη, ἡ, bondwoman, Refs 8th c.BC+: frequently of Persians and other nations subject to a despot, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὔ τινος δοῦλοι κέκληνται, of the Greeks, Refs 4th c.BC+ slaves to money, Refs 5th c.BC+; λιχνειῶν, λαγνειῶν, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II adjective (not in Refs 4th c.BC+, δοῦλος, η, ον, slavish, servile, subject, δ. πόλις Refs 5th c.BC+; σῶμα δ., opposed to νοῦς ἐλεύθερος, Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. θάνατος, ζυγόν, πούς, Refs 5th c.BC+ more enslaved, Αἴγυπτον δ. ποιεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.2 τὸ δ., ={οἱ δοῦλοι}, Refs 5th c.BC+; also, slavery, a slavish life, Refs __A.II.3 ancillary, δ. ἐπιστῆμαι Refs 4th c.BC+
ἐνέχω, hold or keep fast within, χόλον ἐνέχειν τινί harbour a grudge against one, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II passive, with future and aorist middle (see. below), to be held, caught, entangled in, with dative, τῇ πάγῃ Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 metaphorically, ἐ. ἀπορίῃσι Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν θώματι ἐνέσχετο was seized with wonder, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 to be liable or subject to, οὐ δικαίοις Ζεὺς ἐνέξεται λόγοις Refs 5th c.BC+; πράγμασιν, λειτουργίαις, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.3.b in legal formulae, ἐν ἐπιάρῳ κ᾽ ἐνέχοιτο Refs 6th c.BC+; ἐ. ἀρᾷ Διός Refs 5th c.BC+; ζημίᾳ, αἰτίᾳ, Refs 5th c.BC+; νοθείᾳ in an imputation of bastardy, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.4 in good sense, ἐνέχεσθαι ἀγγελίᾳ meet with a message, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 in aorist, come to a standstill, ἔν τινι Refs 5th c.BC+ __III intransitive, enter in, pierce, εἴς τι Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 to be urgent against, τινί LXX+NT
ἐπίτροπ-ος, ον, (ἐπιτρέπω) one to whom the charge of anything is entrusted, steward, trustee, administrator, c.genitive of things, τῶν ἑωυτοῦ NT+5th c.BC+; steward, messman, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 = Latin procurator, Καίσαρος ἐ. Refs 1st c.BC+; ἐ. Σεβαστοῦ, -τῶν, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἐ. τῆς Ἠπείρου Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3 governor, viceroy, οἱ ἐ. τῆς Μέμφιος, Μιλήτου ἐ., Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 executor, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II c.genitive person, trustee, guardian, NT+5th c.BC+: metaphorically, guardian, protector, θεὸς ἐ. ἐών Refs 5th c.BC+
οἰκεῖος, α, ον, also ος, ον Refs 5th c.BC+; Ionic dialect οἰκήϊος, η, ον: in or of the house, once in Refs 8th c.BC+; of or for household affairs, domestic (for οἰκηΐη, see at {οἰκία} II), τὰ οἰ. household affairs, property, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ οἰ. τὰ αὑτοῦ his household goods, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to πολιτικά, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to τὰ τῆς πόλεως, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 Astrology texts, οἰ. ζῴδια domiciliary signs, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II of persons, of the same household, family, or kin, related, ὥς οἱ ἐόντες οἰκήϊοι as being akin to him, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἰκεῖον οὕτως οὐδὲν.. ὡς ἀνήρ τε καὶ γυνή so closely akin, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἀνὴρ οἰ. kinsman, relative, near friend, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ οἰ. kinsmen, opposed to οἱ ἀλλότριοι, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to ὀθνεῖοι, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ ἑωυτοῦ οἰκηϊότατοι his own nearest kinsmen, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the tie itself, κατὰ τὸ οἰ. Ἀτρεῖ because of his relationship to Atreus, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 friendly, εἴχομέν ποτε.. τὸν τόπον τοῦτον οἰ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __III of things. belonging to one's house or family, one's own (defined as ὅταν ἐφ᾽ αὑτῷ ᾖ ἀπαλλοτριῶσαι Refs 5th c.BC+; γῆ, χθών, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἰκεῖον, ἢ 'ξ ἄλλου τινό; born in the house, or.. ? Refs; αἱ οἰ. πόλεις their own cities, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ οἰ. (i.e. γῆ), Ionic dialect ἡ οἰκηΐη Refs 5th c.BC+; [ἀναθήματα] οἰκήϊα his own property, Refs; πόλεμοι οἰ. wars in one's own country, of the Helot war in Laconia, Refs 5th c.BC+homegrown, Refs __III.2 ={ἴδιος}, one's own, personal, private, οἰκείων κερδέων εἵνεκα Refs 6th c.BC+; μηδὲν -οτέρᾳ τῇ ἀπολαύσει with enjoyment not more our own, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἰ. ξύνεσις mother wit, Refs; πρὸς οἰκείας χερός by his own hand, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2.b in Stoic Philos., endeared by nature to all animals, including man, τὸ πρῶτον οἰ. what is earliest endeared, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __IV proper to a thing, fitting, suitable, οὔτε.. καλὸν οὐδὲν [οὐδ᾽] οἰκήϊον Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV.2 with dative of things, belonging to, conformable to the nature of a thing, προοίμιον οἰ. ἑκάστῳ Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV.2.b of persons, with genitive, a student of.., σοφίας Refs 1st c.BC+; addicted to, καινοτομίας Refs 4th c.AD+ __IV.3 proper, fit, οἰ. κατάγελως fit subject for ridicule, Refs 4th c.BC+; οἰ. ὄνομα a word in its proper, literal sense, opposed to metaphor, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B adverb οἰκείως has the same senses as the adjective, οἰ φέρε bear it like your own affair, Refs 5th c.BC+; διαλέγεσθαι οἰ. τινί converse familiarly with him, Refs 5th c.BC+to be on familiar terms, Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative -ότερονRefs 4th c.BC+; -οτέρως Refs 4th c.BC+: superlative -όταταRefs 2nd c.BC+ __B.II properly, naturally, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to ἀλλοτρίως, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.II.2 affectionately, dutifully, ἔθαψε, περιέστειλεν οἰ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.3 literally, actually, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.II.4 Astrology texts, οἰ. σχηματίζεσθαι, of a planet, to be in its domicile, Refs 2nd c.AD+
σεβαστός, ή, όν, venerable, reverend, august, πρᾶγμα Refs 1st c.BC+; θεοί, probably of deified Emperors, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II = Latin NT+1st c.BC+; ἐπὶ τοῦ πρώτου Σ. in the time of the first Refs; feminine Σεβαστή, = Refs 1st c.AD+; joined with Αὔγουστος, -ούστη, Refs __II.2 name of month, “Augustus”, in Egyptian calendars,= ThothRefs; in Phrygia and elsewhere, Refs __II.3 σεβαστή, ἡ (i.e. ἡμέρα), the Emperor's day, the day on which his birthday or accession day was celebrated every month, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.4 Σεβαστά, τά,= Σεβαστεῖα Refs 1st c.AD+
στεφᾰν-όω, middle, Syracusan 2nd pers. singular imperative στεφάνουσο Refs 3rd c.BC+:—passive, future -ώσομαιRefs 1st c.AD+; -ωθήσομαι Refs 4th c.BC+ __I used by Refs 8th c.BC+ only in passive, to be put round in a circle or as a rim or border, and hence to be put round, ἣν περὶ μὲν πάντῃ Φόβος ἐστεφάνωται round about the aegis is Terror wreathed, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀμφὶ δέ μιν θυόεν νέφος ἐστεφάνωτο all round about him was a cloud, Refs; νῆσον, τὴν πέρι πόντος ἐστεφάνωται the sea lies round about the island, Refs 8th c.BC+ constellations which heaven has all round it, Refs 8th c.BC+; of a crowd of spectators surrounding a dancing-floor, ἀμφὶ δ᾽ ὅμιλος ἀπείριτος ἐστεφάνωτο Refs; περὶ δ᾽ ὄλβος ἀπείριτος ἐστεφάνωτο around were.. riches in a circle placed, Refs 8th c.BC+: so in later Epic dialect, Refs 3rd c.BC+active, περίτροχον ἐστεφάνωσαν αἱμασιήν made a fence round, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __I.2 to be surrounded, ἐστεφανωμένος τιάραν μυρσίνῃ having his tiara wreathed with myrtle, Refs 5th c.BC+; πεδία ἐστεφάνωται ὄρεσιν are surrounded by.. , Refs 5th c.BC+: so in active, [Βαβυλῶνα] τείχεσιν ἐστεφάνωσεν Refs __II after Refs 8th c.BC+ in active, crown, wreathe, χαίταν Refs 5th c.BC+; Ὀρέστην σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; with genitive, πίτυος Refs 5th c.BC+; of crowning a corpse, Refs 5th c.BC+; ships, Refs 1st c.AD+; of the nuptial crown, LXX; κατηρῶντο τοῖς ἐστεφανωμένοις newly wedded couples, Refs 4th c.AD+; στεφανοῦν εὐαγγέλια crown one for good tidings, Refs 5th c.BC+; στεφανοῦσα, title of a statue by Praxiteles (see. στέφω Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, to be crowned or rewarded with a crown, NT+5th c.BC+:—middle, crown oneself, στεφανωσαμένη δρυῒ καὶ.. σπείραισι δρακόντων Refs 5th c.BC+; στεφανωσάμενος αὐτόν (i.e. τὸν στέφανον) Refs 3rd c.BC+: also absolutely, of one going to sacrifice, Refs 5th c.BC+; at a festival, Refs 5th c.BC+; win a crown, of the victor at the games, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, with double accusative, ἐστεφανώθη Ἐλεύθερος.. Ἁδριάνεια πάλην Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 crown as an honour or reward Refs 4th c.BC+; reward by a gift of money, etc. Refs 4th c.BC+ Gauthier et Sottas Décret trilingue en l' honneur de Ptolémée IV Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II.3 metaphorically, confer glory upon, decorate, honour, τινὰ μολπᾷ Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀπὸ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων τὴν πόλιν (by a victory in the games) Refs 5th c.BC+; [τὸ ῥόδον] ἐγκωμίῳ Refs 1st c.BC+:—passive, σοφίας ἀριστεῖα ἐστεφανοῦτο Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.4 crown or honour with libations, σ. τύμβον αἵματι Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 crown with the badge of office, especially of persons sacrificing, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+; of magistrates in office, ὁ ἐστεφανωμένος ἄρχων Refs 4th c.BC+
τετραρχ-έω, to be tetrarch, τῆς Γαλιλαίας NT+1st c.AD+
† [זָמַן] vb. (Aramaic and late) only Pu. Pt. be fixed, appointed, of time (Arabic زَمِنَ continue, Aramaic Pa. זַמֵּן, ܙܰܡܶܢ summon to fixed time or place, invite, appoint; cf. זְמָ֑ן infr.)—עִתִּים מְזֻמָּנִים Ezr 10:14 Ne 10:35; ע׳ מְזֻמָּנוֹת Ne 13:31.
† חָפְשִׁית, חפשׁות n.f. freedom, separateness, only בֵּית הַחָפְשִׁית 2 K 15:5 = 2 Ch 26:21 Qr (Kt החפשׁות) i.e. (si vera l.) a separate house—a house apart (on account of his disease).
† מֹ֫הַר n.m. purchase-price of wife (NH id.; Arabic مَهْرٌ RSK 78 f. Proph. iv. n. 13 Nö l.c. StaGesch. i. 381 Dr Dt 22:23 and reff.; Aramaic מוֹהֲרָא, ܡܰܗܪܳܐ );—abs. מ׳ Gn 34:12 (J; ‖ מַתָּן) 1 S 18:25; cstr. מֹהַר הַבְּתוּלֹת Ex 22:16 (E).
† [מָכַךְ] vb. be low, humiliated (Aramaic מְכַךְ, ܡܰܟ; Arabic مَكَّ is suck entirely out, diminish, consume);— Qal Impf. וַיָּמֹ֫כּוּ ψ 106:43 of perverse Isr. Niph. Impf. יִמַּךְ Ec 10:18 sink (in decay) of house-timbers. Hoph. Pf. וְהֻמְּכוּ Jb 24:24 be brought low, of wicked.
† II. רָדָה vb. scrape out (NH id., scrape or draw off, out (bread from oven));— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ הַדְּבָ֑שׁ Ju 14:9b out of the carcass he scraped the honey (v. GFM); sf. וַיִּרְדֵּהוּ אֶל־בַּפָּיו v 9a he scraped it out into his palms; Buhl Lex Du also ר׳ עַל־יְדֵיהֶם Je 5:31, sc. gifts, money, fig. for making gain (most I. רדה q.v.).
ἄρχω, Epic dialect infinitive ἀρχέμεναιRefs 8th c.BC+imperfect ἦρχονRefs; Doric dialect ἆρχονRefs 5th c.BC+: future ἄρξωRefs 8th c.BC+aorist ἦρξα, Epic dialect ἄρξαRefs 8th c.BC+: perfect ἦρχαRefs 1st c.AD+:—middle, Refs 8th c.BC+; non-thematic participle ἄρχμενοςRefs 3rd c.BC+: imperfect, Refs 8th c.BC+future ἄρξομαι (in middle sense, see below) Refs 8th c.BC+; Doric dialect ἀρξεῦμαιRefs 3rd c.BC+: aorist ἠρξάμηνRefs 8th c.BC+ —passive, perfect ἦργμαι only in middle sense, see below Refs: aorist ἤρχθην, ἀρχθῆναιRefs 5th c.BC+:—to be first, __I in Time, begin, make a beginning, active and middle (in Refs 8th c.BC+to be the aggressor, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. ἄρχεσθαι to begin one's operations, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄρχειν τοῦ λόγου to open a conversation, Refs; ἄρχεσθαι τοῦ λόγου to begin one's speech, Refs __I.1 mostly with genitive, make a beginning of, ἄρχειν πολέμοιοRefs 8th c.BC+; ἄρχειν χειρῶν ἀδίκων, ἄρχειν τῆς πληγῆς, strike the first blow, Refs 5th c.BC+ — in middle in religious sense, = {ἀπάρχεσθαι}, ἀρχόμενος μελέων beginning with the limbs, Refs 8th c.BC+; but active, σπονδαῖσιν ἄρξαιRefs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 with genitive, begin from or with.., ἐν σοὶ μὲν λήξω σέο δ᾽ ἄρξομαιRefs 8th c.BC+; πόθεν ἄρξωμα; Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄρχεσθαι, ἦρχθαι ἔκ τινος, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀπό τινος frequently in Prose, ἀρξάμενοι αὐτίκα ἀπὸ παιδίων even from boyhood, Refs 5th c.BC+; but more commonly ἐκ παίδων, ἐκ παιδός, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+ —ἀπό in non-temporal relations, ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ σοῦ. i.e. including yourself, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀφ᾽ ἱερῶν ἠργμένη ἀρχήRefs 5th c.BC+ __I.3 with genitive of things et dative person, ἄρχε θεοῖς δαιτός begin a banquet to the gods, Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.4 with accusative, ἄρχειν ὁδόν τινι, show him the way, Refs 8th c.BC+ lead the way, Refs 8th c.BC+: with other accusatives, ἄρχειν ὕμνονRefs 5th c.BC+ __I.5 of actions, σέο δ᾽ ἕξεται ὅττι κεν ἄρχῃRefs 8th c.BC+infinitive, τοῖσιν δ᾽ ἦρχ᾽ ἀγορεύειν among them, Refs 8th c.BC+: with participle, of continued action or condition, ἦρχον χαλεπαίνωνRefs 8th c.BC+ __I.6 absolutely, ἄρχε take the lead! Refs 8th c.BC+: generally, begin, ἄρχειν [τὴν ἐκεχειρίαν] τήνδε τὴν ἡμέραν Indut. cited in Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ ἄρχον, opposed to τὸ ἑπόμενον, Refs 5th c.AD+: participle ἀρχόμενος at first, Refs 5th c.BC+; at the beginning, ἀρχομένου δὲ πίθου καὶ λήγοντοςRefs 8th c.BC+ __I.7 Grammars, of a word, ἄ. ἀπὸ φωνήεντοςRefs 2nd c.BC+; ἡ ἄρχουσα (i.e. συλλαβή) Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II in point of Place or Station, rule, govern, command, __II.1 mostly with genitive, rule, be leader of.., ΒοιωτῶνRefs 8th c.BC+ __II.2 less frequently with dative, ἀνδράσιν ἦρξαRefs 8th c.BC+; also ἐν δ᾽ ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ᾽ held command among them, Refs 8th c.BC+infinitive added, ἄρχε Μυρμιδόνεσσι μάχεσθαι led them on to fight, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.3 absolutely, rule, ὅσον τό τ᾽ ἄρχειν καὶ τὸ δουλεύειν δίχαRefs 4th c.BC+; especially hold a magistracy, ὁκοῖόν τε εἴη ἄρχειν μετὰ τὸ βασιλεύεινRefs 5th c.BC+; at Athens, etc., to be archon, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἀρχάς, ἀρχὴν ἄρχειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄρχειν τὴν ἐπώνυμον (with or without ἀρχήν) Refs __II.4 passive, with future ἄρξομαιRefs 5th c.BC+:—to be ruled, governed, etc., ὑπό τινοςRefs 6th c.BC+subjects, Refs 5th c.BC+
βᾰσίλ-ειος, ον, also α, ον Refs 4th c.BC+; Ionic dialect and Aeolic dialect βᾰσιλ-ήϊος, η, ον, also βᾰσιλ-ῇος Melinnoap.Refs 5th c.AD+:— royal, δεινὸν δὲ γένος βασιλήϊόν ἐστι κτείνειν Refs 8th c.BC+; used by Trag. in Lyric poetry, β. οἶκοι, μέλαθρα, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἰσχύς, τιάρα, Refs; νόστος ὁ β. the king's return,Refs 5th c.BC+; compare πῆχυς. __2 of the archon βασιλεύς, ἡ β. στοά Refs 4th c.BC+ (also of the basilica of Herod at Jerusalem, Refs 1st c.AD+ __3 'royal', i.e.choice, μύρον Refs 7th c.BC+; compare βασίλεια· γένος ἰσχάδων, Refs 5th c.AD+ __4 Ἄρτεμις βασιληΐη, divinity in Thrace, Refs 5th c.BC+
βῐάζω, constrain, active once in Refs 8th c.BC+ if they used force, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, future βιασθήσομαι Refs 2nd c.AD+aorist ἐβιάσθην, perfect βεβίασμαι (see. below):—to be hard pressed or overpowered, βελέεσσι βιάζεται Refs 8th c.BC+; βιάζετο γὰρ βελRefs 5th c.BC+; to be forced or constrained to do, with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to ἀδικεῖσθαι,Refs 5th c.BC+; βεβιασμένοι forcibly made slaves, Refs 5th c.BC+; πόλεις βεβ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ βιασθέν those who are forced, Refs 4th c.BC+; of things, τοὔνειδος ὀργῇ βιασθέν forced from one by anger, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ βεβιασμένον forced to fit a hypothesis, Refs 4th c.BC+; βεβ. σχήματα forced figures of speech, Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 active, make good, suffice to discharge a debt, Refs __II more frequently βιάζομαι, aorist middle ἐβιασάμην, perfect βεβίασμαι Refs 4th c.BC+:—overpower by force, press hard, ἦ μάλα δή σε βιάζεται ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς Refs 8th c.BC+; β. τοὺς πολεμίους dislodge them, Refs 5th c.BC+; β. νόμους to do them violence, Refs 5th c.BC+; βιασάμενος ταῦτα πάντα having broken through all these restraints, Refs 5th c.BC+; β. γυναῖκα force her, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to πείθειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; β. αὑτόν lay violent hands on oneself, Refs 5th c.BC+; β. τινά, with infinitive, force one to do, Refs 5th c.BC+; τί με βιάζεσθε λέγει; Refs 4th c.BC+infinitive omitted, β. τὰ σφάγια force the victims [to be favourable], Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 with accusative of things, carry by force, βιάσασθαι τὸν ἔκπλουν force an exit, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 absolutely, act with violence, use force, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to δικάζομαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; β. διὰ φυλάκων force one's way, Refs; β. ἐς τὸ ἔξω, β. εἴσω,Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, β. πρὸς τὸν λόφον ἐλθεῖν Refs; βιαζόμενοι βλάπτειν using every effort to hurt me, Refs 5th c.BC+; but βιαζόμενοιμὴ ἀποδιδόναι refusing with violence to repay, Refs 5th c.BC+participle, ἵνα βιασάμενοι ἐκπλεύσωσι may sail out by forcing their way, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπὶ μᾶλλον ἔτι β. (of a famine) grow worse and worse, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 contend or argue vehemently, with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, persist in assertion, Refs 4th c.BC+
ἡγεμον-εύω, Doric dialect ἁγ-, lead the way, προτὶ Ἴλιον Refs 8th c.BC+; πρὸς δώματα, ἀγορήνδε, λέχοσδε, δεῦρο, Refs 8th c.BC+ __c dative person, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὁδὸν ἡ. to lead the way, ἐγὼ δ᾽ ὁδὸν ἡγεμονεύσω Refs 8th c.BC+; ὕδατι ῥόον ἡ. make a course for the water, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II lead in war, rule, command, once in Refs 8th c.BC+; ἡγεμόνων ἡ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ. τῆς σκέψεως to take the lead in it, Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, to have or take the command, Refs 5th c.BC+:— passive, to be ruled, ὑπό τινος Refs 8th c.BC+ __III to be governor, τῆς Συρίας Refs 1st c.AD+
καταβᾰρ-έω, weigh down, overload, variant for{καταπονέω} in Refs 2nd c.AD+: metaphorically, impose a burden on, τινας NT+1st c.AD+; τῶν -βαρούντων τὸ σῶμα καμάτων Ps.-Refs 1st c.AD+:—passive, to be overborne, crushed, καταβαρεῖσθαι τῇ μάχῃ Refs 2nd c.BC+; also, to be outweighed, ὑπὸ τοῦ συμφέροντος Refs 2nd c.AD+
κατεξ-ουσιάζω, exercise authority over, τινος NT+4th c.AD+
κῡρι-ακός, ή, όν, (κύριος) of or for an owner or master, Refs 2nd c.AD+; but usually of the Roman Emperor, ὁ κ. φίσκος the fiscus, Refs; κ. ψῆφοι, λόγος, Refs 1st c.AD+; κ. χρῆμα Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II especially belonging to the Lord (Christ): K. δεῖπνον the Lord's Supper, NT; ἡ K. ἡμέρα the Lord's day, NT; τὸ Κυριακόν (i.e. δῶμα) the Lord's house, Edict.Maximiniap.Refs 4th c.AD+ __III substantive κυριακός, ὁ, spirit invoked in magic, Refs
οἰκι-ακός, ή, όν, of or belonging to a house, οἱ οἰ. those of one's household, NT+1st c.AD+; οἰκιακός μου Refs 2nd c.AD+
παρα-βῐάζομαι, do a thing by force against nature or law, LXX; use violence, περὶ τῶν τοιούτων Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II with accusative, π. τὸν χάρακα force the palisade, Refs; π. τινά constrain, compel him, LXX+NT; of arguments or explanations, τὸ ἀδύνατον π. Refs 4th c.BC+; μύθους π. καὶ διαστρέφειν to do them violence, Refs 1st c.AD+; constrain, with infinitive, Refs 1st c.AD+:—active in Refs 2nd c.AD+
τᾰλαίπωρος, ον, suffering, distressed, miserable, Θῆβαι Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ τ. hardihood, Refs 5th c.BC+; a hard life, Refs 5th c.BC+“Aër.” 19. adverb -ρωςRefs 5th c.BC+ __2 of things, τ. βίος Refs 5th c.BC+
χᾰλῑνᾰγωγ-έω, guide with or as with bit and bridle, γλῶσσαν, σῶμα, NT+2nd c.AD+
† [אֲחַשְׁתְּרָן] adj. (?) royal (from Pers. Khshatřa, lordship, realm, vid. Spiegel l.c. 215) pl. הָאֲחַשְׁתְּרָנִים agreeing with הָרֶכֶשׁ Est 8:10, 14.
† [אָפַד] vb.denom. gird on ephod, Qal Pf. וְאָפַדְתָּ לוֹ בְּחֵשֶׁב הָאֵפֹד Ex 29:5 and thou shalt gird the ephod upon him with the cunningly-wrought band of the ephod; so Impf. וַיֶּאְפֹּד לוֹ בּוֹ (‖ חגר) Lv 8:7.
† גְּבִיר n.m. lord, Gn 27:29, 37.
‡ † גְּדָֽבְרַיָּא n. m. pl. emph. Dn 3:2, 3, dub.: most think ‖ form of [גַּזְבָּר] treasurer (or, MeyEntst. J. 23, textual error for גז׳); Gr Bev al. read הַדָּֽבְרַיָּא ministers (3:24); poss. (v. Lag Dr al.) dittogr. for following דְּתָֽבְרַיָּא.
† [חָסַם] vb. stop up, muzzle (NH id., חסום muzzle; Aramaic חֲסַם bind up fast)— Qal Impf. לֹא תַחְסֹם שׁוֹר בְּדִישׁוֹ Dt 25:4 thou shalt not muzzle an ox when it is treading (i.e. threshing); Pt. וְחֹסֶמֶת היא Eze 39:11 and it shall stop (the way of) the passers-by; but read וְחָֽסְמוּ את־הַגַּיְא and they shall stop up the valley, Co v. 𝔊 𝔖 Hi.
† מֶלְצָר n.m. a Bab. title; dubious; perhaps guardian? (SchrCOT Dn 1:11 DlBaer Dn xi conj. loan-word from Assyrian maṣ(ṣ)aru, keeper, guardian, cf. DlHWB 423; hardly connected with (mod.) Pers. mulsaru ‘kellermeister’ (cf. Meinh), v. against this Bevan);—only c. art. הַמּ׳ Dn 1:11, 16.
† II. [מֹ֫שֶׁל] n.[m.] dominion;—sf. מָשְׁלוֹ מִיָּם עַד־יָם Zc 9:10 (of Mess. king); כְּמָשְׁלוֹ אֲשֶׁר מָשָׁ֑ל Dn 11:4 (of Alexander).
† מִשְׂרָה n.f. rule, dominion;—Is 9:5, 6.
† III. [נָסַךְ] vb. set, install (Assyrian nasâku, id., whence nasîku, prince, DlHWB 472; v. also Muss-ArnoltHbr. vi. 89, R. 17 and reff.);— Qal Pf. 1 s. נָסַכְתִּי מַלְכִּי עַל־צִיּוֹן ψ 2:6 I have installed my king upon Zion. Niph. Pf. 1 s. נִסַּכְתִּי Pr 8:23 I was installed (of Wisdom).
II. צוּר vb. confine, bind, besiege (NH id., wrap (rare); Aramaic צוּר besiege, beleaguer);— Qal Pf. 2 ms. וְצַרְתָּ֫ Dt 14:25, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּ֫צַר 1 K 20:1 +, 2 ms. תָּצוּר Dt 20:19, etc.; Imv. fs. צוּרִ֫י Is 21:2 (after עֲלִי Köi. 444, cf. Ges§ 72 s); Inf. cstr. לָצוּר 1 S 23:8; Pt. pl. צָרִים 1 K 15:27 +;— 1. confine, secure (‖ I. צרר), acc. rei + ב of receptacle Dt 14:25; 2 K 5:23; Ez 5:3; complem. om. 2 K 12:11. 2. shut in, besiege, c. עַל of city 2 S 11:1; 1 K 15:27; 16:17; 20:1; 2 K 6:24, 25; 17:5; 18:9; 24:11; Is 29:3 (+ acc. of siege-works), Je 32:2; 37:5; 39:9; Dt 20:12; Ez 4:3; Dn 1:1; c. עַל pers. (Within city) 2 S 20:15; 2 K 16:5; Je 21:4, 9; c. אֶל of city (for עַל) Dt 20:19; c. אֶל pers. 1 S 23:8; c. אֵת of city only 1 Ch 20:1 (‖ 2 S 11:1 supr.); abs. Is 21:2.—הִנָּם צָרִים אֶת־הָעִיר עָלֶיךָ Ju 9:31 is corrupt; FrankenbRichterbuch 28 Bu GFMHpt Now מְעִרִים inciting against. 3. shut up, enclose: נָצוּר עָלֶיהָ לוּחַ אָ֑רֶז Ct 8:9 (על of maid [under fig. of door] + acc. mater., cf. Is 29:3 supr.); c. sf. pers. ψ 139:5 (fig., י׳ subj.).
† [רָכַס] vb. bind (Assyrian rakâsu, id.; NH found, lay foundation (rare); Arabic رَكَسَ bind with رِكَاسٌ [rope tying camel’s head to forefoot] (Frey); but usually turn over, reverse (Lane));— Qal Impf. 3 mpl. יִרְבְּסוּ (P) Ex 28:28, וַיִּרְכְּסוּ 39:21, bind חֹשֶׁן by (מִן) its rings to (אֶל) rings of ephod.
† שִׁלְטוֹן n.[m.] mastery (LagBN 199);—Ec 8:4, 8 (c. בְּ).
† שֵׁ֫פֶל n.[m.] low estate, condition;—abs. שׁ׳ Ec 10:6 (opp. מְרוֹמִים); sf. שִׁפְלֵנוּ ψ 136:23.
Related to: ἀλλοτριο-επίσκοπος, ὁ, busybody in other men's matters, NT
ἀπελεύθερ-ος, ὁ, restored to freedom, Refs 5th c.BC+; emancipated slave, freedman, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to δοῦλος and μέτοικος, NT+5th c.BC+:—feminine ἀπελευθέρα, Ionic dialect ἀπελευθέρη, ἡ, Refs 5th c.BC+
αὐθεντ-έω, to have full power or authority over, τινός I NT+1st c.BC+: with infinitive, Refs 6th c.AD+ __2 commit a murder, Refs 4th c.BC+
βρᾰβ-εύω, act as judge or umpire, ἐν τῇ κληρώσει τὴν τύχην βραβεύσειν Refs 5th c.BC+; ὀρθῶς β. Refs 4th c.BC+; preside at an election, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II with accusative, arbitrate, decide on, τὰ τῶν ἄλλων δίκαια Refs 4th c.BC+; δικαστήριονLXX+1st c.AD+:—passive, βραβευθήσεται τὰ τοῦ πολέμου τῷ νενικηκότι Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 direct, control, Refs 1st c.BC+:—passive, Refs 2nd c.BC+
διακωλ-ύω [ῡ], hinder, prevent, τινὰ μὴ ποιεῖν NT+5th c.BC+; δ. τινά τι (i.e. ποιεῖν) Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+
δουλᾰγωγ-έω, make a slave, treat as such, uncertain in Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 metaphorically of pleasure, etc., δ. τοὺς βίους Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὸ σῶμα bring it into subjection, NT
ἐνδε-ής, ές, neuter plural ἐνδεᾶ: (ἐνδέω B):— wanting or lacking in, in need of, with genitive, ἐ. εἶναι or γεγενῆσθαί τινος, Refs 5th c.BC+; πολλῶν ἐ., opposed to αὐτάρκης, Refs 5th c.BC+; ποιητοῦ δ᾽ ἐστὶν ἐ... πρὸς τὸ ἐπιδεῖξαι, caret vate sacro, Refs __2 absolutely, in want, in need, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.b lacking, deficient, frequently in comparative, ἐνδεέστερα πράγματα Refs 5th c.BC+; φαίνεται ἐνδεεστέρα [ἡ στρατεία] Refs 5th c.BC+; also in Posit., οὐδὲν ἐνδεὲς ποιεῖσθαι leave nothing unsaid, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ ἐ. lack, want, defect, ={ἔνδεια}, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ αὐτῶν ἐ. their deficiency, Refs __3 inferior, τὰ κρείσσω μηδὲ τἀνδεᾶ λέγειν the worse, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῆς δυνάμεως ἐνδεᾶ πρᾶξαι to act short of your real power, Refs 5th c.BC+; τούτου ἐνδεᾶ ἐφαίνετο (i.e. τἃ πράγματα) their power was unequal to the purpose, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 inadequate, insufficient, πρός τι Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 Grammars, defective, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __6 adverb ἐνδεῶς defectively, insufficiently, opposed to ἱκανῶς, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. ἔχειν τινός to be in want of, Refs 5th c.BC+; μὴ ἐνδεῶς γνῶναι judge not insufficiently, Refs 5th c.BC+ less than, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. ἢ προσῆκεν τιμωρήσασθαι Epist. Philipp. cited in Refs 4th c.BC+: rarely -έστερον Refs 2nd c.AD+
εὐσχημ-οσύνη, ἡ, gracefulness, elegance, Refs 5th c.BC+; decorum, Refs 4th c.BC+; refinement, Refs; βίου, ῥημάτων, Refs 5th c.BC+. a spurious respectability, Refs __2 of the body, NT; ἡ τοῦ σώματος εὐ. Refs 1st c.BC+ __II proper treatment, adequate maintenance, Refs
ἡγεμον-ία, ἡ, leading the way, going first, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῇ τῶν δυναστευόντων ἡ. by their example, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II authority, rule, of dynasties or nations, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a general or officer, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἡ. τῶν Ἰώνων τοῦ πολέμου Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ κατὰ πόλεμον ἡ., τῶν πολεμικῶν ἡ ἡ., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ. δικαστηρίου presidency in a court, Refs 4th c.BC+; headship of a philosophical school, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.2 political supremacy, ἡ ἡ. τῆς 'Ελλάδος Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἐν 'Αρείῳ πάγῳ βουλὴ οὐδενὶ δόγματι λαβοῦσα τὴν ἡ.Refs; political leadership of an individual, Refs __II.2.b = Latin imperium, Refs 2nd c.BC+; τριῶν τῶν μεγίστων ἡ. Refs 1st c.AD+; reign of an Emperor, NT; office of prefect, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III military unit, regiment, Refs 2nd c.BC+; but αἱ μείζονες ἡ. the higher commands, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __IV chief thing, principal part, ἡ. τῆς τέχνης Refs 4th c.BC+ __V a principality, LXX; a Roman governorship, ἡ 'Ιλλυρίδος ἡ. Refs 2nd c.AD+; tenure of office of a governor, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἡ Ἡ. the Government, Refs 3rd c.AD+
ἱστορ-έω, (ἵστωρ) inquire into or about a thing, τι Refs 5th c.BC+; also, inquire about a person, τινα Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 examine, observe, χώραν, πόλιν, Refs 1st c.AD+; τὴν τοῦ Μέμνονος [σύριγγα] Refs 1st c.AD+: hence, to be informed about, know, κακῶς τὸ μέλλον ἱστορῶν Refs 5th c.BC+ has news of him, Refs 4th c.BC+; read in history, Refs __2 with accusative person, inquire of, ask, ἱστορέων αὐτοὺς ἥντινα δύναμιν ἔχει ὁ Νεῖλος Refs 5th c.BC+; inquire of an oracle, Refs 5th c.BC+; visit a person for the purpose of inquiry, Κηφᾶν NT:— passive, to be questioned, κληθέντας ἱστορέεσθαι εἰ.. Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.b with doubleaccusative, inquire of one about a thing, τί μ᾽ ἱστορεῖς τόδε Refs 3rd c.BC+ __4 absolutely, inquire, ἀκοῆ ἱ. Refs 5th c.BC+; especially in participle, ἱστορέων εὕρισκε Refs 5th c.BC+; followed by a relative word, ἱστόρεόν τε ὅτεῳ τρόπῳ περιγένοιτο Refs 5th c.BC+ __II give an account of what one has learnt, record, τοὺς βίους τῶν χερσαίων Refs 4th c.BC+; ἱστοροῦσί τινες.. it is stated that.. , Refs 1st c.AD+:—frequently in passive, ὁ καρπὸς.. ἐπιλημπτικοὺς ἱστορεῖται ὠφελεῖν Refs 1st c.BC+; Ἀπολλόδωρος εἴρηκεν ἀπελθόντας Ὕαντας ἱστορεῖσθαι are represented as having gone, Refs 1st c.BC+; τῶν ἱστορουμένων οὐδενὸς ἧττον πολυπράγμων the most in dustrious person on record, Refs 1st c.BC+
κῠβέρν-ησις, Doric dialect κῠβέρν-ᾱσις, εως, ἡ, steering, pilotage, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 metaphorically, government, πολίων of cities, NT+5th c.BC+; θεοῦ by a god, Refs 1st c.AD+
λῑβερτῖνος, ὁ, = Latin libertinus, freedman, NT:—also λίβερτος, = Latin libertus, Refs 2nd c.BC+
λύσις [ῠ], εως, Ionic dialect ιος, ἡ, (λύω) loosing, releasing, ransoming, νεκροῖο Refs 8th c.BC+ deliverance from death, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀπὸ τῶν δεσμῶνRefs 6th c.BC+ __2 absolutely, οὐ γὰρ λ. ἄλλη στρατῷ πρὸς οἶκον no other means of letting the host loose from port for home, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 deliverance from guilt by expiatory rites, ὅπως λ. τιν᾽ ἡμὶν εὐαγῆ πόρῃς may'st grant us a deliverance such as may purify us, Refs; οὐδ᾽ ἔχει λύσιν [τὰ πήματα] admit not of atonement, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῇ [τῆς φιλοσοφίας] λύσει καὶ καθαρμῷ by her offer to release them, Refs; αἱ νομιζόμεναι λ., in cases of homicide, Refs 4th c.BC+; λ. ἁμαρτημάτων blotting out of sins, Refs 1st c.AD+ __4 redemption of mortgage or pledge, [χωρίον] πεπραμένον ἐπὶ λύσει Refs __4.b release, discharge from a financial obligation, λύσιν ποιήσασθαι τῆς συγχωρήσεως Refs 1st c.BC+ __5 for ὠμὴ λύσις, see at {ὠμήλυσις}. __II loosing, parting, λ. καὶ χωρισμὸς ψυχῆς ἀπὸ σώματος Refs 5th c.BC+; dissolution, πολιτείας Refs 4th c.BC+; λ. κομήτου Refs 6th c.AD+; τῶν σφραγίδων αἱ λ. breaking them, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 emptying, evacuation, πείνη μέν που λ. καὶ λύπ; Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ λ. τῶν κοιλιῶν, κοιλίας, Refs 4th c.BC+; emission of semen, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II.3 λ. πυρετοῦ remission of fever, Refs 2nd c.AD+; λ., opposed to κρίσις, Refs; cure, Refs 1st c.AD+; τὰ πάθη defined as συστολαὶ καὶ λύσεις (variant{χύσεις}) τῆς ψυχῆς, opposed to κρίσεις, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.4 as a technical term, __II.4.a solution of a difficulty, ἡ λ. τῆς ἀπορίας its solution, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἔχει τινὰ λ. πρὸς ταύτην τὴν ἀπορίαν, ὅτι.. Refs 5th c.BC+; also, interpretation, σημείων τεράτων τε λύσεις Refs 5th c.AD+ __II.4.b refutation of an argument, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.4.c unravelling of the plot of a tragedy, opposed to δέσις, Refs __II.4.d softening of a strong expression, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II.4.e resolution of one vowel into two, as in ἥλιος, ἠέλιος, like{διαίρεσις}, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.4.f looseness of structure in writing, especially asyndeton, Refs __II.4.g in metric, resolution of [musical notation] into [musical notation], Refs 7th c.AD+ __II.5 divorce, NT+6th c.AD+ __III ={δόρπου λ}., place for banqueting Refs 5th c.BC+
οἰκοδεσποτ-έω, to be master of a house or head of a family, NT __II Astrology texts, predominate, Refs 1st c.AD+
οἰκονομ-έω, manage as a house-steward, order, regulate, θαλάμους πατρός Refs 5th c.BC+; ταῦτα (i.e. meats) Refs 2nd c.AD+:—middle, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 dispense, Refs 5th c.BC+; disburse, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __3 treat a substance with another, πυρίτην ὀξάλμῃ Refs 5th c.BC+: metaphorically, of a poet, εἰ τὰ ἄλλα μὴ εὖ οἰ. treat, handle, Refs 4th c.BC+; so (in middle) of an artist, οἰ. τὴν ὕλην Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, τὰ σκέμματα.. ᾠκονομήσθω Refs 1st c.BC+ __4 of public officers, administer, Refs 2nd c.BC+:—passive, πολιτεία ἀρίστη ἡ ὑπὸ τῶν ἀρίστων -ουμένη Refs 4th c.BC+ __II intransitive, to be a house-steward, NT
οἰκουρός, όν, (οὖρος B) watching or keeping the house, of a watch-dog, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a cock, Refs 1st c.AD+; οἰ. ὄφις, of the sacred serpent in the Acropolis, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II keeping at home: as substantive, οἰκουρός, ἡ, mistress of the house, housekeeper, Refs 5th c.BC+: as adjective, Refs 5th c.AD+; used in praise of a good wife, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.2 contemptuously of a man, stay-at-home, opposed to one who goes forth to war, λέοντ᾽ ἄναλκιν.. οἰκουρόν Refs 4th c.BC+
πᾰνοικ-ί or πᾰνοικ-εί, = {πανοικεσίᾳ}, NT+5th c.BC+
πένης, ητος, ὁ, (πένομαι) one who works for his living, day-labourer, poor man, opposed to πλούσιος, Refs 3rd c.AD+; opposed to δυνάμενος, Refs 4th c.BC+; πτωχοῦ μὲν γὰρ βίος.., ζῆν ἐστιν μηδὲν ἔχοντα· τοῦ δὲ πένητος ζῆν φει- δόμενον καὶ τοῖς ἔργοις προσέχοντα Refs 5th c.BC+; οἷ᾽ ἀνὴρ π. Refs 5th c.BC+ __II as adjective, π. δόμοι Refs 5th c.BC+ poor in money,Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative πενέστερος Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative πενέστατος Refs 4th c.BC+
πενιχρ-ός, ά, όν, poor, needy, Refs 8th c.BC+—poetical word, found in Comedy texts, as Refs 6th c.BC+, and in later Prose, as LXX+5th c.BC+: comparative πενιχρότερος Refs 1st c.AD+, superlative -ότατοςRefs 2nd c.BC+. adverb -χρῶςRefs 4th c.BC+.by nature, Refs 8th c.BC+
περικρᾰτ-ής, ές, grasping, tenacious, γαμφηλαί Refs 3rd c.BC+; having full command over, π. γενέσθαι τῆς σκάφης NT+2nd c.AD+; compare περικρεμής.
πτωχ-εύω, future -σωRefs 8th c.BC+: Epic dialect imperfect πτωχεύεσκον Refs:—to be a beggar, go begging, [prev. cited]; ἀνὰ δῆμον Refs 7th c.BC+ __2 to be as poor as a beggar, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 metaphorically with genitive, to be badly off for, πραγμάτων, of historians, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II transitive, beg (for), δαῖτα Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.2 with accusative person, ask an alms of, φίλους Refs 6th c.BC+
τακτός, ή, όν, (τάσσω) ordered, prescribed, τακτόν τι παρὰ τοῦ Κύρου παραγγέλλων Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. ἀργύριον a fixed or stated sum, Refs 5th c.BC+; σῖτος τ. a fixed quantity of corn, Refs 5th c.BC+; δίκαι τ. fixed penalties, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐκφόριον τ. a fixed rent, Refs 3rd c.BC+; τ. ὁδός a prescribed way, Refs 4th c.BC+; κατά τινας χρόνους τ. Refs 4th c.BC+ adverb τακτῶς variant in Refs 3rd c.AD+
τιμι-ότης, ητος, ἡ, dignity, διαφέρειν τιμιότητι καὶ ἀτιμίᾳ ἀλλήλων Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 costliness, NT __II as form of address, ἡ σὴ τ. Refs 4th c.AD+
τύραννος [ῠ], ὁ, also ἡ (see. below 1.2), an absolute ruler, unlimited by law or constitution, first in Refs, where it is used of a god, Ἆρες,.. ἀντιβίοισι τύρανν; so ὁ τῶν θεῶν τ., of Zeus, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὦ τύραννε τᾶς ἐμᾶς φρενός, i.e. Apollo, Refs 5th c.BC+; Μὴν Τύραννος, a Phrygian deity worshipped in Attica, Refs 1st c.AD+; οὔ, τὴν τ. (perhaps Hera), in an oath, Refs 3rd c.BC+: first used of monarchs in the time of Refs 7th c.BC+; interchangeable with βασιλεύς in Refs 5th c.BC+; later, chief, princeling, Refs 1st c.BC+; τ. ἴδιοι καθ᾽ ἕκαστον ἐμτπόριον Refs 5th c.BC+; Κλεισθένης ὁ Σικυῶνος τ., Ἱστιαῖος ὁ Μιλήτου τ., etc., Refs; ὁ τῶν Κυπρίων τ. Refs 2nd c.AD+; οἱ τ., of the Sicilian tyrants, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the Pisistratidae, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ τ. the monarchical party, προδιδοὺς τοῖς τ. τὴμ πόλιν τὴν Ἐρυθραίων Refs: frequently in a bad sense, δημοφάγος τ. Refs 6th c.BC+ __2 in a wider sense, of members of the ruler's family, οἱ τ. 'the royal house', Refs 2nd c.AD+ is used both of the queen herself and the king's daughter, princess, Refs 5th c.BC+; πρέπει γὰρ ὡς τ. εἰσορᾶν, of Clytemnestra, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 metaphorically, ἵνα Δίκη τ. ᾖ that Justice may be supreme, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 golden-crested wren, Regulus cristatus, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II τύραννος, ον, as adjective, kingly, royal, τύραννα σκῆπτρα Refs 5th c.BC+; τύραννα δρᾶν to act as a king, Refs 5th c.BC+; τύραννον δῶμα the king's palace, Refs; τ. δόμος the royal house, Refs; ἐς τύρανν᾽ ἐγημάμην into the royal house, Refs __II.2 imperious, despotic, τ. πόλις Refs 5th c.BC+
ὑπείκ-ω, Epic dialect ὑποείκω, with imperfect ὑπόεικον, Refs 8th c.BC+: future ὑπείξω Refs 8th c.BC+; Epic dialect also ὑποείξομαι Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist 1 ὑπεῖξα Refs 5th c.BC+; Epic dialect ὑπόειξα Refs 8th c.BC+:—retire, withdraw, depart, with genitive loci, νεῶν from the ships, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὑ. τινὶ ἕδρης retire from one's seat for another, make room for him, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὑ. τοῦ ἀρχαίου λόγου draw back from.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. τινὶ λόγων (conjecture Valck. for λόγῳ) give one the first word, allow him to speak first, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 yield, give way, ὑ. τινί Refs: absolutely, of a seaman, ὅστις.. πόδα τείνας ὑπείκει μηδέν Refs 5th c.BC+; of things, Refs 8th c.BC+are soft and yielding, Refs; ἐν ὑπείκοντι in a yielding substance, Refs 4th c.BC+; τὸ ὑπεῖκον, ={οἱ ὑπείκοντες}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 with accusative, πάροιθε νεμεσσηθεὶς ὑπόειξε χεῖρας ἐμάς he scaped my hands, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II metaphorically, yield, give way, comply,Refs 8th c.BC+; σοὶ πᾶν ἔργον ὑπείξομαι I will give way to thee in.., Refsyield, submit, NT+5th c.BC+: sometimes with dative, submit to, Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, νῷν ὕπεικε τὸν κασίγνητον μολεῖν concede to us that.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. δαμῆναι submit to be conquered, Refs 3rd c.BC+; but ὑ. μὴ πολεμίζειν yield, so as not to.., probable reading Refs
ὑποβάλλω (Epic dialect ὑββάλλω, see below). throw, put, or lay under, as cloths, carpets, and the like, ὑπένερθε δὲ λῖθ᾽ ὑπέβαλλεν Refs 8th c.BC+; κάτω μὲν ὑποβαλεῖτε τῶν Μιλησίων ἐρίων carpets of Milesian wool, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. αἶγας τοῖς τράγοις, of breeders, Refs 1st c.AD+; ὑ. τινὰς τοῖς θηρίοις throw them under the elephants' feet, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ὑ. τοὺς δακτύλους, of a flute-player, put down, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ὑ. [φάρμακον] ὑπὸ τὰ βλέφαρα insert under the eyelids, Refs 4th c.AD+; τοῖς φορείοις τῶν γυναικῶν ὑ. τὰ ὄμματα cast furtive glances at, Refs 1st c.AD+:—middle and passive, place under oneself or have placed under one, λυκοφάνους ὑποβάλλεσθαι Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 lay under, as a beginning, foundation, Refs 4th c.BC+:—in middle, θεμέλιον ὑ. τυραννίδος Refs 2nd c.BC+; ὁ πρῶτος ὑποβεβλημένος the first founder, Refs 1st c.BC+ __3 subject, submit, ἐχθροῖς ἐμαυτόν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II middle, bring in another's child as one's own, Refs 5th c.BC+; or palm off one's own child as another's, ἡ ὑποβεβλημένη τὸν αὑτῆς υἱόν Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive, τῶν ὑποβαλλομένων (i.e. παίδων) Refs:—the origin of this phrase is plain from the words of Refs 5th c.BC+; see at {ὑποβολιμαῖος}. __II.2 middle, of a drama, [Εὐριπίδης] τὸ δρᾶμα (i.e. Μήδειαν) δοκεῖ ὑποβαλέσθαι Refs 4th c.BC+ with false suggestions they spread secret rumours, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 suborn, NT:—passive, of an informer, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III suggest, whisper, as a prompter does, ἑσταότος μὲν καλὸν ἀκούειν, οὐδὲ ἔοικεν ὑββάλλειν Refs 8th c.BC+ (where Scholia B explanation it to interrupt); ὑποβαλεῖν δυνήσεσθε, ἤν τι ἐπιλανθάνωνται Refs 5th c.BC+dictate, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. ὀνόματα, of an informer, Refs 5th c.BC+; so, provoke, produce, Refs __IV middle, appropriate to oneself, ἀλλότρια Refs 1st c.BC+ __IV.2 attempt a work, σύνταξιν καὶ ἱστορίαν Refs
† [אָנַס] vb. compel, constrain (late, often Mish. id., Aramaic אֲנַס, ܐܶܢܰܣ )— Qal Pt. אֵין אֹנֵס viz., to drink Est 1:8 (‖ כִּרְצוֹן אִישׁ וָאִישׁ).
† [בָּלַם] vb. curb, hold in (NH id., Aramaic בְּלַם, ܒܠܰܡ )— Qal Inf. לִבְלוֹם ψ 32:9, cf. Che.
† גִּזְבָּר n.m. treasurer (loan-word; NH id.; cf. Biblical Aramaic [גִּזְבָּר], pl. גִּזְבָּרַיָּא; Syriac ܓܺܙܒܰܪ, ܓܺܙܰܒܪܳܐ, also ܓܰܢܙܘܳܪ, Pers. گنجوار, cf. LagGes Abh. 27 f., Arm. Stud. § 454), Ezr 1:8.
† [גִּזְבָּר] n.m. treasurer (Pers. loan-word (Scheft81); 𝔗 Syriac BH; K§ 64, 3; in Bab. ganzabaru Peiser ZAW xvii (1897), 347);—pl. emph. גִּזְבָּרַיָּא Ezr 7:21.—Vid. גְּדָֽבְרַיָּא.
† חָטַם vb. hold in, restrain (Arabic خَطَمَ strike the nose, attach the خِطَامٌ = camel-halter, خَطْمٌ n. muzzle, nose of beast; NH חֲטָם nose-ring of camel, חוֹטָם; Aramaic חוּטְמָא nose; cf. חטם, Inscr. Zinj.; according to DHMSendsch. 34, of taming wild beasts)— Qal Impf. אֶחֱטָם־לָ֑ךְ לְבִלְתִּי הַכְרִיתֶֽךָ׃ Is 48:9 I will restrain for thee (mine anger), not to cut thee off (‖ אַאֲרִיךְ אַפִּי).
† [חָפַשׁ] vb. be free—only Pu. Pf. 3 fs. כִּי לֹא חֻפָּ֑שָׁה Lv 19:20 (H), because she was not freed (a freed-woman).
† חֹ֫פֶשׁ n.[m.] very dub.; only בִּגְדֵי־חֹ֫פֶשׁ לְרִכְבָּה Ez 27:20 wide-spread (?) garments for riding, i.e. saddle-cloths, according to Thes Sm Co Da al.; but meaning spread for √ purely conject.; Gr suggests, plausibly, חֵ֫פֶץ (q.v.)
† חֻפְֿשָׁה n.f. freedom, only ח׳ לא נִתַּן־לָהּ Lv 19:20 (H) freedom had not been given to her.
† [חָתַךְ] vb. divide, determine (NH id., cut, cut off, decide, so Aramaic חתך Pa. Ethpa.)—only Niph. Pf. שָֽׁבֻעִים שִׁבְעִים נֶחְתַּךְ עַל־עַמְּךָ Dn 9:24 seventy weeks are determined upon thy people.
† מוּעָדָה n.f. עָרֵי הַמּ׳ cities appointed (for refuge) Jos 20:9 (P).
† I. מִנִּי n.pr.terr. region of Armenia;—Je 51:27 (‖ אֲרָרָט, אַשְׁכְּנַז);=Assyrian Mannai Schr.COT ad loc.; KGF 174, 212, 520.
† מַעֲמָסָה n.f. load, burden;—אֶבֶן מ׳ Zc 12:3 a stone of burden = heavy stone, hard to lift.
† [מִשְׁטָר] n.m. rule, authority;—sf. מִשְׁטָרוֹ Jb 38:33 (of heavens over earth).
† III. [סָכַן] vb. (so most) be poor, but v. infr.;— Pu. Pt. הַמְסֻכָּן תְּרוּמָה Is 40:20 usually, he who is impoverished in respect to offering, but very dub.; v. conject. in Du (against him Di-Kit) Skinner ZimZA ix. 111 CheHeb.Hpt..—מִסְכֵּן poor, מִסְכֵּנֻת poverty, v. p. 587.
† [עֲנָי] K§ 57 a) β) Str, or עֲנֵא cf. Buhl, M] adj. poor, needy;—pl. abs. עֲנָיִ֑ן (Baer Gi KI.c.), or עֲנָ֑יִן (van d. H. Buhl M77*; cf. D§ 39, 1) as n. Dn 4:24 the poor. Or [עֲנֵה]; v. Pognon Inscr. Sém. 173 A 1.
† I. [עָקַד] vb. bind (NH id., bind bent limbs together; Arabic عَقَدَ tie, tie fast; Ethiopic ዐቀደ: Syriac ܥܩܰܕ and especially ܥܰܘܩܶܕ bend, twist; 𝔗 עֲקַד as NH, also kneel, cf. Chr. Pal., SchwallyIdiot. 71);— Qal Impf. וַיַּעֲקֹד אֶת־יִצְחָק Gn 22:9.
† עַרְעָר adj. stripped, destitute;—הָע׳ as subst. ψ 102:18 the prayer of the destitute.—Je 17:6 v. עֲרוֹעֵר.
† פְּצִירָה appar. n.f. from √ פצר, 1 S 13:21; dub.; prob. incurably crpt.; AV file from 𝔗 �� Rabb., Ke bluntness; both lack philol. ground; v. especially Dr.
† [צָנַע] vb. be modest, humble (perhaps proposes be retired, NH Hiph. keep close, reserve, preserve, so 𝔗 אַצְנַע; צְנִיעַ retiring, modest);— Hiph. Inf. abs. הַצְנֵעַ לֶכֶת Mi 6:8 a making humble to walk = shewing a humble walk (with God).
† [צָנוּעַ] adj. modest (on format. cf. BaBN § 31 d);—pl. צְנוּעִים Pr 11:2 (v. Toy; opp. זָדוֹן).
† שַׁלִּיט adj. having mastery, domineering;— 1. having mastery: אֵין אָדָם שׁ׳ בָּרוּחַ Ec 8:8; elsewhere as subst. הַשּׁ׳ the ruler 10:5, so (c. עַל־הָאָרֶץ) Gn 42:6 (prob. late substitution for original word of E); pl. as subst. שַׁלִּיטִים Ec 7:19 (specif. of Alex.’s successors PerlesAnal. 42). 2. domineering, imperious, fs. (Köii 1. 201) אִשָּׁה זוֹנָה שַׁלָּ֑טֶת Ez 16:30 (Jerusalem personified).