Spice Aromatic Perfume

Especia, perfume, bálsamo — sustancia aromática usada en la unción sagrada, el incienso, el comercio y el tributo real

Especias, sustancias aromáticas: ingredientes fragantes usados en el incienso sagrado y el aceite de unción.

Oler, percibir un aroma; metafóricamente, deleitarse en algo o saborearlo

Sin mancha, irreprochable, inmaculado: de pureza moral o ritual; tambien (como homografo) amomon, una planta aromatica.

Bálsamo, resina aromática curativa de Galaad; comerciada como mercancía y usada metafóricamente como remedio espiritual.

ἄρωμα -- especia, sustancia aromática; materiales fragantes usados en la preparación funeraria

Áloes; árbol aromático o la especia fragante que se obtiene de él.

Embalsamar (un cadáver con especias aromáticas); madurar o sazonar (dicho de frutos)

cosméticos, ungüentos de purificación, tratamientos de embellecimiento

Comino, semilla aromática usada como especia y condimento en el antiguo Israel

nardo, planta aromática originaria de la India; usado como perfume y ungüento

canela, especia aromática extraída de corteza usada en culto y perfumería

comino negro (Nigella sativa), semilla aromática usada como especia

ajenjo, una hierba amarga, Artemisia absinthium, usada como símbolo de amargura y calamidad

ἡδύ-οσμος, ον, sweet-smelling, fragrant, στρώματα Refs 5th c.BC+ __II ἡδύοσμον, τό,= μίνθη, green mint, Mentha viridis, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἡ. ἄγριον wild mint, M. longifolia, Refs 1st c.AD+

νάρδος, ἡ, spikenard, Nardostachys Jatamansi, NT+4th c.BC+; compare {ναρδόσταχυς} __2 ν. Κελτική Celtic nard, Valeriana celtica, Refs 1st c.AD+ __3 ν. ὀρεινή or ὀρεία mountain nard, Valeriana Dioscoridis, Refs 4th c.BC+ __4 ν. Συριακή Syrian nard, Cymbopogon Iwarancusa, Refs 1st c.AD+ __5 νάρδου ῥίζα ginger grass, Cymbopogon Schoenanthus, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __6 ν. ἀγρία, ={ἄσαρον}, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II oil of spikenard, Refs 3rd c.BC+. (Semitic word, cf. Bab. lardu.)

† בְּדֹ֫לַח n.[m.] prob. bdellium (𝔖 ܒܶܪܽܘܠܚܳܐ; 𝔗 בְּדוּלְחָא; etym. dub.; LagGes. Abh. 20 prop. Skr. udûkhala) c. art. הַבְּ׳, apparently therefore well known; one of the products of the land Havilah Gn 2:12; used in simile of colour of manna וְעֵינוֹ כְּעֵין הַבְּדֹלַח Nu 11:7.—Meaning somewhat uncertain; 𝔊 Gn 2:12 ἄνθραξ, Nu 11:7 κρύσταλλος; Saad. A W Ki Bo al. pearls, cf. LagOr ii. 44; Jos Ant. iii. 1, 6 Aq Theod Symm 𝔙 most bdellium, an odoriferous transparent gum, of yellowish colour. (Cf. SmithDict. Bible Sigismund Aromata, 18.)

† III. כֹּ֫פֶר n.m. name of a plant, El Ḥenna (√ dub.; NH כּוֹפֶר; Aramaic כּוּפְרָא, ܟܽܘܦܪܳܐ; Arabic El Ḥenna, see LöwNo. 159)—a shrub or low tree, with fragrant whitish flowers growing in clusters like grapes, אֶשְׁכֹּל הַכֹּפֶר cluster of Ḥenna Ct 1:14 (fragrant, fig. of a beloved one); pl. כְּפָרִים Ct 4:13.

† נְכֹאת n.f. a spice, (usually understood of tragacanth gum, exuding from astralagus bush, Di Gn 27:25 and reff.; NowArch. i. 64 (and 249); cf. also Löw§ 24; but = Arabic نَكَأَة = نَكَعَة summitas rubicunda sive flores plantae (i.e. a certain plant, Frey), according to HomAufsätze 4);—abs. נ׳ Gn 37:25 (+ צְרִי, לֹט, as merchandise), 43:11 (+ id., also דְּבַשׁ, בָּטְנִים, שְׁקֵדִים, as gift).

† קִדָּה n.f. a spice, usually cassia (𝔖 𝔙 𝔗 cf. Di Ex; √ dub.; perhaps foreign word);—merchandise Ez 27:19; ingredient of sacred oil Ex 30:24 (P):—cf. DioscorDe Mater. Med. i. 12 (κασσία=ἡ κιττώ), TheophrHist. Plant. ix. 5 PlinNH xii. 19 (42 ff.); v. also SchrödPh. Spr. 126 LewyFremdw. 36.

ἀλόη, ἡ, bitter aloes, Aloe vera, Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 ={ἀγάλλοχον}, LXX (in Heb. form ἀλώθ), NT __3 ἀ. γαλλική, ={γεντιανή}, Ps.-Refs 1st c.AD+ __4 ἀ. ἡπατῖτις, hepatic aloes, Aloe Perryi, Refs

Canela, especia aromática obtenida de la corteza del árbol de canelo

comino, semilla aromática usada como especia y condimento

Emitir un olor o aroma, ya sea agradable o desagradable; despedir un hedor o fragancia

† בֹּ֫שֶׂם n.m. 1 K 10:10 spice, balsam, balsamtree (Arabic بَشَامٌ, Aramaic בּוּסְמָא, ܒܶܣܡܳܐ, Gk. βάλσαμον; cf. Löw53)—ב׳ Is 3:24 +, בֶּ֫שֶׂם Ex 30:23 v. infr., בְּשָׂמִי Ct 5:1 (as if from בָּשָׂם); pl. בְּשָׂמִים Ex 25:6 + 18 times, בְּשָׂמָיו Ct 4:16;— 1. spice, perfume, sweet odour Is 3:24; קִנְּמָן־בֶּשֶׂם Ex 30:23 (ב׳ perhaps so pointed to distinguish it from) קְנֵה־בֹשֶׂם v 23;—with this cf. Aramaic ܩܢܝܐ ܕܒܣܡܐ, קני בוסמא;—spices as costly, token of wealth 2 K 20:13 = Is 39:2 cf. 2 Ch 32:27; royal gifts 1 K 10:2, 10, 25 = 2 Ch 9:1, 19, 24; cf. sg. 1 K 10:10 = 2 Ch 9:9; as article of commerce Ez 27:22; burnt at burial 2 Ch 16:14; appointed for ingredient of the anointing oil Ex 25:6; 35:8 cf. v 28 (all P), cf. 1 Ch 9:30 (Palm. v. supr.); stored in temple 1 Ch 9:29; used for purifying the women of Ahasuerus Est 2:12; 2. elsewhere only Ct 4:10, 14 spices, v 16 balsam-juice, gathered Ct 5:1; balsam-tree הָרֵי ב׳ Ct 8:14; beds of balsam עֲרֻגוֹת בּ׳ Ct 6:2; cf. עֲרוּגֵת בּ׳ Ct 5:13 sim. of lover’s cheeks.

† חֶלְבְּנָה n.f. (Aramaic ܚܶܠܒܳܢܻܝܬܳܐ, חֶלְבְּנִיתָא 𝔊 χαλβάνη, 𝔙 galbanum)—a kind of gum Ex 30:34, ingredient of the holy incense, v. Di Löw115.

† כַּרְכֹּם n.[m.] saffron (crocus sativus) (NH id.; and vb. denom. כִּרְכֵּם; Hithp. grow yellow, pale; Aramaic כּוּרְכְּמָא, ܟܽܘܪܟܡܳܐ; Arabic كُرْكُمٌ = κρόκος, crocus; Lag Ges Abh. 58, No. 147; so also JHMordt Sab.Denkm 83 f.; otherwise DHM ib., who comp. Sab. כמכם, Arabic كَمْكَامٌ = Gk. κάγκαμον);—Ct 4:14; on meaning v. especially LöwNo. 162.

† [מֶרְקָח] n.[m.] spice, perfume (of cheeks); pl. מֶרְקָחִים Ct 5:13 (v. also מִגְדָּל 3).

† II. נָטָף n.[m.] an odorif. gum (gathered in drops), used in sacred incense Ex 30:34 (P). Identif. dub.; 𝔊 στακτή, 𝔙 stacte, i.e. (Hesych.) a kind of myrrh, so Kn, cf. RiHWB; Rosenm Thes Ke al. storax; Rabb. opobalsamum (cf. Di ad loc. NowArch. ii. 64, 248).

† I. [קְצִיעָה] n.f. cassia, a powdered bark, like cinnamon (hence Gk. κασία, Lat. casia, LewyFremdw. 37);—pl. קְצִיעוֹת (מֹר וַאֲהָלוֹת) ψ 45:9 (Che now תּוּצַק are shed, v. in Ency. Bib. Cassia, n.).

† רֶ֫קַח n.[m.] spice;—יַיִן הָר׳ Ct 8:2 wine, (that is) spice (i.e. spiced wine).

† שְׁחֵ֫לֶת n.f. an ingredient of the holy incense, + נָטָף, חֶלְבְּנָה, Ex 30:34; 𝔊 𝔙 ὄνυξ, onyx (whence AV onycha), i.e. unguis odoratus, the operculum, or closing-flap, of certain molluscs, with pungent odour when burnt, v. Thes 1388 f. Di Shipley-Cook Ency. Bib. Onycha; so most; KG Jacob ZMG xliii (1889), 354 proposes amber.