Names of Persons and Places
Louw-Nida Category · 2789 senses · 200 lemmas
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Proper Names (Personal) (1445)Personal Names (844)Philistia and Philistines (10)Persia Empire Name (10)Babylon City Empire (9)Pharaoh Title (8)El Compound Names (8)Levi Tribe Name (7)Egypt Place Name (7)Beth-Shemesh Place (7)Aram Region Person (7)Shechem Names (6)Rimmon Place Name (6)Micah Personal Names (6)Judah Judas Name (6)Jerusalem Holy City (6)Greek Hellene Identity (6)Gad Proper Name (6)Beersheba Sheba Names (6)Auto-detected community 11255 with 6 senses (6)Kir-Hareseth Place (5)Haran Place Name (5)Elam Nation Region (5)Eden Garden Place (5)Divine Name YHWH (5)Dan Proper Name (5)Bethlehem Town (5)Benjamin Tribe Name (5)Balaam Prophet Name (5)Auto-detected community 2607 with 5 senses (5)Assyria Nation Person (5)Aramean Archers (5)Ammon People Territory (5)Uzziah Personal Name (4)Tyre City Name (4)Tamar Proper Name (4)Sidon Phoenician City (4)Shelomoth Personal Name (4)Shealtiel Personal Name (4)Pedahzur Personal Name (4)Manasseh Tribe Name (4)Korah Korahite Name (4)Joseph Proper Name (4)Jair Personal Name (4)Jacob James Names (4)Hananiah Personal Name (4)Hamath and Zobah (4)Hadad Ben Hadad (4)Gibeah City Name (4)Gaza Philistine City (4)Esau Personal Name (4)Damascus City (4)Chaldeans People Land (4)Canaan Land Person (4)Cain Proper Name (4)Auto-detected community 9745 with 3 senses (4)Auto-detected community 9079 with 4 senses (4)Auto-detected community 8655 with 4 senses (4)Auto-detected community 7999 with 4 senses (4)Auto-detected community 6168 with 4 senses (4)Auto-detected community 5544 with 4 senses (4)Auto-detected community 5500 with 4 senses (4)Auto-detected community 4023 with 4 senses (4)Ashdod Place Name (4)Arabian Gentilicium (4)Zion Holy Mountain (3)Zin Wilderness Region (3)Zerubbabel Name (3)Zechariah Personal Name (3)Uriah Personal Name (3)Tabor Place Name (3)Simeon Personal Name (3)Shimei Personal Name (3)Sheth Personal Name (3)Shammah Personal Name (3)Saul Personal Name (3)Reuben Tribe Person (3)Ramah Place Name (3)Nebo Place Name (3)Nathan Prophet Name (3)Moses Prophet Lawgiver (3)Maacah Personal Name (3)Lehi Place Name (3)Joshua Jeshua Names (3)Joash Personal Name (3)Jehozadak Personal Name (3)Jehoram Joram Names (3)Israel Nation Name (3)Isaiah Prophet Name (3)Isaac Patriarch Name (3)Hoshea Hosea Names (3)Hiram Personal Name (3)Hezekiah Personal Name (3)Hepher Personal Name (3)Hannah Personal Name (3)Hagrites Tribal Group (3)Greece Javan Name (3)Garden Land Carmel (3)Galilee Region Name (3)Ezra Personal Name (3)Enoch Hanoch Names (3)Elisha Prophet Name (3)Eli Priest Name (3)Dishon Dishan Names (3)Dedan Place Person (3)Daniel Personal Name (3)Cush Territory Name (3)Baal Peor Cult (3)Auto-detected community 9212 with 3 senses (3)Auto-detected community 8524 with 3 senses (3)Auto-detected community 7741 with 3 senses (3)Auto-detected community 7605 with 3 senses (3)Auto-detected community 6395 with 3 senses (3)Auto-detected community 6254 with 3 senses (3)Auto-detected community 3853 with 3 senses (3)Auto-detected community 3663 with 3 senses (3)Auto-detected community 13337 with 3 senses (3)Auto-detected community 12407 with 3 senses (3)Auto-detected community 11488 with 3 senses (3)Auto-detected community 11320 with 3 senses (3)Auto-detected community 10575 with 3 senses (3)Auto-detected community 10458 with 3 senses (3)Asa Asaph Names (3)Aiah Place Person (3)Adam Person Place (3)
Lemmas in this domain
יהוהc. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהוָֹה6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֹה305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (vid. אֲדֹנָי), and with prep. בַּיהוָֹה, לַיהוָֹה, מֵיהוָֹה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. 𝔊 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Ex 20:7; Lv 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (vid. Philo de Vita Mosis iii, 519, 529), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (cf. Bö§ 88). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the ־יָהוּ, יְהוֹ־ of compound n.pr. and the contracted form יָהּ, all favour יַהְוֶה (cf. יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן ψ 74:6; תַּהֲרוּ Is 33:11), v. LagSym. i. 14 BaudissinStudien i. 179 ff.; DrStud. Bib. i. 1 ff. For Jeve v. StaZAW 1881, 346 De ib. 1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii. 2. on liter. of interpret. v. NesEg 67 Drl.c..—Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (cf. הַוָּה Gn 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc), performer of his promises, Lag, Nes.Eg 88 (but NesEg. 91 inclines to Qal as RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev. v. infr.); or from הוה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RSOTJC ed. 1, 423; om. ed. 2, 245, cf. WeSkizzen iii. 175; ‘Fäller,’ destroying foes, StaG. i. 429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of היה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever-living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; cf. also RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876, he will be it, i.e. all that his servants look for (cf. Ewinfr.), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Drl. c. 17)). theories of non-Heb. or non-Sem. origin. opposed (in their older forms) by BauRel i. 181 ff. (v. especially 230); DlPa 162 ff. claimed Bab. origin for יהו, against this KueNational religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.) JastrJBL xiii (1894), 103 f. cf. HptBAS i. 170 N; Dl Babel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f. makes same claim for יהוה, agst. this v. especially HirschZAW xxiii (1903), 355 ff. ZimKAT 3, 465 ff.; SpiegelbergZMG liii (1899), 633 ff. proposes (improb.) Egyptian etymol. for יהוה; further discussions see in KöEB Names, § 112 and n. 3. ‘Jehovah’ found in Jacob (? Johann.) Wessel († 1480), according to SchwallyThLZ, 1905, col. 612. I. יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12–15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus: אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (v 12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it v 14a (i.e. with thee v 12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה v 14b (i.e. with thee v 12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it v 15 (i.e. with thee v 12). Cf. EwBTh ii. 337, 338 RSl. c., Proph. 385 ff. Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc LagPsalt. Hieron. 156); I am, (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich WeJD Th xxi, 540 = Comp. Hex. 72); Di al. I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable.—E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Ju S K use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Ex 6:3; but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gn 21:33 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; cf. De Gn 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 times in prose parts, and 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chr apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Dn uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 times); Ec not at all. In the Elohistic group of ψ 42–83 it is used 39 times (see אלהים). It occurs as the name of Israel’s God MI 18. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, cf. COT Gn 2:4b DlPa 158 ff. DrStud. Bib. i. 7 ff. II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים with or without suffs., especially in D; a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Ex 20:2–12 (5 times) = Dt 5:6–16; in the law of worship of JE, Ex 23:19; 34:24, 26; in D 234 times; Jos 1:9, 17; 9:9, 24 (D2); elsewhere Gn 27:20 Ex 15:26 (JE), Ju 6:26; S & K 20 times 1 Ch 11:2; 22:11, 12 2 Ch 9:8(×2); 16:7; Is 7:11; 37:4(×2); 41:13; 43:3; 51:15; 55:5; Je 40:2 + (3 times) Ho 12:10; 13:4; 14:2; Am 9:15; ψ 81:11. b. with אֱלֹהֵיכ��ם in D 46 times; D2 28 times; H 15 times; P 15 times; elsewhere Ex 23:25 (E); 8:24; 10:8, 16, 17 (JE); Ju 6:10; 1 S 12:12, 14; 2 K 17:39; 23:21; 1 Ch 22:18 + (10 times Chr) ψ 76:12; Je 13:16; + (5 times) Ez 20:5, 7, 19, 20; Jo 2:13 + (6 times) Zc 6:15. c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 times; in D2 5 times; Ex 8:6 (JE) Ex 3:18; 5:3; 8:22, 23; 10:25, 26 (E) Ju 11:24; 1 S 7:8; 1 K 8:57, 59, 61, 65 2 K 18:22; 19:19 = Is 36:7; 37:20, 1 Ch 13:2 + (15 times Chr) Mi 4:5; 7:17; Is 26:13; Je 3:22 + (17 times) ψ 20:8; 90:17 (?; Baer אֲדֹנָי) 94:23; 99:5, 8, 9(×2); 105:7; 106:47; 113:5; 122:9; 123:2 Dn 9:10, 13, 14. d. c. אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Ex 10:7 (J) Ex 29:46(×2) Lv 26:44 (P) Ju 3:7; 8:34; 1 S 12:9; 1 K 9:9; 2 K 17:7, 9, 14, 16, 19; 18:12 2 Ch 31:6; 33:17; 34:33; Ne 9:3(×2), 4; Je 3:21; 22:9; 30:9; 43:1(×2) 50:4; Ez 28:26; 34:30; 39:22, 28 Ho 1:7; 3:5; 7:10; Zp 2:7; Hag 1:12(×2) Zc 9:16; 10:6. e. with אֱלֹהָיו Nu 23:21 (E) Ex 32:11 (J) Lv 4:22 (P) Dt 17:19; 18:7; 1 S 30:6; 1 K 5:17; 11:4; 15:3, 4; 2 K 5:11; 16:2; 2 Ch 1:1; + 13 times Chr; Mi 5:3; Je 7:28; ψ 33:12; 144:15; 146:5; Jon 2:2. f. with אֱלֹהַי Nu 22:18 (JE) Dt 4:5; 18:16; 26:14; Jos 14:8, 9; 2 S 24:24; 1 K 3:7; 5:18, 19; 8:28; 17:20, 21; 1 Ch 21:17; 22:7; 2 Ch 2:3; 6:19; Ezr 7:28; 9:5; ψ 7:2, 4; 13:4; 18:29; 30:3, 13; 35:24; 40:6; 104:1; 109:26; Is 25:1; Je 31:18; Dn 9:4, 20; Jon 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zc 11:4; 13:9; 14:5. g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Is 60:9 Je 2:17, 19; 3:13; Mi 7:10; Zp 3:17. h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gn 2:4b—3:23 (J, 20 times either אלהים inserted by RP as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Ex 9:30 (J, but not in 𝔊 Sam.; Sam. אדני יהוה; possibly MT from earlier Qr, & Sam. from later Qr); 2 S 7:22, 25 (𝔊 אדני יהוה and 1 Ch 17:20–23 only יהוה); 1 Ch 17:16, 17 (but 2 S 7:18, 19 אדני יהוה) 1 Ch 28:20; 29:1; 2 Ch 1:9; 6:41(×2), 42; 26:18 (but in the original ψ 132:8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); ψ 72:18 (the late doxology) 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jon 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names. 2. the phrase †אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy:— a. after אמר either alone Ex 6:2, 29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gn 28:13 (J) 15:7 (R) Ex 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Ju 6:10; Ez 20:5. b. after ידע כי (α) Ex 7:17; 8:18; 10:2 (J); Ex 7:5; 14:4, 18 (P); 1 K 20:13, 28; Je 24:7 Ez 6:7 + 4:8 times Ez; (β) with אלהיכם Ex 6:7; 16:12; Dt 29:5 (P) Ez 20:20; Jo 4:17; (γ) with אלהיהם Ex 29:46 (P) Ez 28:26; 34:30; 39:22, 28; (δ) before relative and other clauses Is 45:3; 49:23, 26; 60:16 Ez 7:9; 17:24; 21:10; 22:22; 35:12; 36:36; (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Ex 31:13 (P) Ez 20:12; 37:28; 39:7; (ζ) with דברתי Ez 5:13; 17:21, cf. יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י׳ Ez 20:26. c. after כִּי in various combinations Lv 11:44, 45; Nu 35:34 (P), Lv 20:7, 26; 21:8, 15, 23; 22:16; 24:22; 25:17; 26:1, 44 (all H); Ex 15:26 (R) Is 41:13; 43:3; 61:8; Je 9:23; Ez 12:25; 21:4 Zc 10:6; Mal 3:6. d. emphatic Ex 6:8; 12:12 Lv 26:2, 45; Nu 3:13, 41, 45 (all P); Lv 18:5, 6, 21; 19:12, 14, 16, 18, 28, 30, 32, 37; 21:12; 22:2, 3, 8, 30, 31, 33 (all H) Is 43:15; with אלהיהם Ex 29:46; with אלהיךָ Is 48:17; with אלהיכם Lv 23:43; 25:38, 55; Nu 10:10; 15:41(×2) (P) Lv 18:2, 4, 30; 19:2, 3, 4, 10, 25, 31, 34, 36; 20:24; 23:22; 26:13 (all H) Ez 20:7, 19 Jo 2:27; with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lv 20:8; 22:9, 32 (H), with דברתי Nu 14:35 (P) Ez 5:15 + (11 times Ez); with clauses Is 27:3; 41:4, 17; 42:6, 8; 45:5, 6, 7, 8, 18, 19, 21; 60:22 Je 17:10; 32:27; Ez 14:4, 7, 9; 34:24; †אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Ex 20:2, 5 = Dt 5:6, 9 cited ψ 81:11 Ho 12:10; 13:4; elsewhere only Ex 4:11 (J) Is 43:11; 44:24; 51:15. 3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gn 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Ex 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלום Ju 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Je 33:16 (cf. 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ez 48:35.—On combinations such as הַר י׳, י׳ צְבָאוֹת etc., v. הַר²" dir="rtl" >הַר, צָבָא²" dir="rtl" >צָבָא, etc. Note. —BonkZAW 1891, 126 ff. seems to shew that as prefix, in comp. n.pr., יְהוֹ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֹ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chr; occasional copyists’ mistakes being taken into the account.
יִשְׂרָאֵל2507 n.pr.m. et gent. Israel (E†l persisteth, persevereth (or juss. Let E†l persist) [usually contendeth (NesEg 60 ff.) or Let E†l contend (GrayProp. N. 218), but v. DrHastDict. Bib. Jacob 530]; on vocalization v. LagBN 131 f. Kit 1 Ch 4:16 (Hpt); MI5, + 5 times ישראל; in Egyptian Y-si-r-ʾl SteindorffZAW xvi (1896), 331, cf. BreastedBib. World ix (1897), 62 ff. PatonSyriac and Pal. 134; Assyrian Sir-ʾ-lai (= יִשְׂרְאֵלִי) SchrKG 356 ff., 364; COT Gn 36:31, 1 K 16:29.—On a poss. relation of יִשׂ׳ to n.pr. שָׂרַי, שָׂרָה v. RSK 257, 2nd ed. 34;—cf. שְׂרָיָה(וּ));—Ισραηλ: 1. n.pr.m. second name of Jacob Gn 32:29 + 28 times Gn (JE), Ex 32:13 (JE), Ho 12:13; Ju 18:29; Ex 6:14; Nu 1:20; 26:5 (all P), 2 K 17:34 1 Ch 1:34 + 8 times Chr, ψ 105:23; בֵּית יִשׂ׳ Ru 4:11; בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳ (lit.) Gn 42:5 + 3 times E, 2 times P + Ex 1:7 (P; transition to wider use), 1 K 18:31 1 Ch 2:1 +; = 12 tribes Ex 28:9 + 7 times P; אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיִשׂ׳ †1 K 18:36; 1 Ch 29:18; 2 Ch 30:6. 2. n.pr.gent. (usually m. Ju 11:17 f. but f. 1 S 17:21; 2 S 24:9 [not ‖ 1 Ch 21:5], cf. Drad loc. AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 57 f.): name of Hebrew nation; usually der. from 1, but יִשׂ׳ more common in early usage than בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳ (v. בֵּן p. 120b): a. (1) undivided kingdom; יִשׂ׳ Gn 47:27 (J), 49:7 (poem in J) + 108 times JE, Dt 1:1; 18:6; 33:10 (poem) + 76 times D, Gn 34:7 Ex 12:15 + 42 times P; Ju 5:2, 7(×2) + 104 times Ju, often 1 and 2 S, 1 K 1–12; כָּל־יִשׂ׳ of whole people 2 S 8:15 +, of whole army 11:1 +, opp. Judah 2:9 + (so also later). (2) יִשׂ׳ = N. tribes, disting. from Judah, even before disruption, 2 S 2:9, cf. v 10 3:10; 4:1; 5:5; 12:7; 20:1 1 K 1:35; 4:20; 5:5 +; so at disruption 12:16(×3), 18, 19; then usually of N. kingdom, till its fall, v 28; 24:7, 10 + very often K, Am 1:1; 2:6; 3:14 +, Ho 1:5; 4:15(×2); 5:3(×2), 5 +, Mi 1:13, etc. (3) יִשׂ׳ of S. kingdom, Judah, rarely bef. fall of Samaria Is 1:3; 8:18 Mi 1:14, 15, so בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳ 1 K 12:17; after fall of Sam., יִשׂ׳ (less often בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳) occurs of entire people, in reference to past or future 2 K 21:8; 23:22; Is 17:9 ψ 103:7; Je 2:3; 50:17, 19 +; יִשׂ׳ also = Judah Je 2:14, 31; 4:1 +, Ez 13:2, 4, 16; 14:1, 7, 9 +, Is 40:27; 41:8; 42:24 +, Ezr 2:59 = Ne 7:61, Ezr 2:70; 3:11 +, Ne 10:34; 10:3 +, ψ 14:7(×2) = 53:7(×2), 147:2; 149:2 +, etc. (4) usage in Chr: יִשׂ׳ of whole people 1 Ch 2:7 + 110 times, of N. kingdom 2 Ch 11:1 + 16 times, of Judah 12:6; 19:8 + 9 times (5) יִשׂ׳ personif. as עֶבֶד י׳, Is 44:1, 21; 49:3 b. בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳, (1) of undiv. people Ex 1:12 (J), 3:9 (E) + 72 times JE, Dt 3:18; 10:6 + 25 times D, Gn 32:33 + 327 times P; Ju 1:1 + 60 times Ju; seld. 1 and 2 Sm, 1 K 1–12; in 13–2 K 25 pass. in ref. to older hist. (rarely otherwise). (2) seldom of N. kingdom Am 2:11 + 9 times Am Ho, 2 Ch 13:12 + 7 times Chr. (3) of Judah (late) Ez 2:3; Ne 1:6(×2) Ezr 3:1; Jo 4:16 +, 2 Ch 31:5. c. בֵּית יִשׂ׳ Ex 16:31; 40:38 + 142 times (v. בַּיִת 5 d (δ); 81 times Ez, where = Judah; v. especially 37:16); שְׁנֵי בָֽתֵּי יִשׂ׳ Is 8:14. d. other phrases, v. sub אִישׁ" dir="rtl" >אִישׁ, אֶ֫רֶץ" dir="rtl" >אֶרֶץ, בַּת" dir="rtl" >בַּת, בְּתוּלָה" dir="rtl" >בְּתוּלָה, גְּבוּל" dir="rtl" >גְּבוּל, הַר" dir="rtl" >הַר, כִּסֵּא" dir="rtl" >כִּסֵּא, מֶ֫לֶךְ" dir="rtl" >מֶלֶךְ, מַטֶּה" dir="rtl" >נטה) מַטֶּה), עֵדָה⁵" dir="rtl" >יעד) עֵדָה), עַם²" dir="rtl" >עַם, שֵׁ֫בֶט" dir="rtl" >שֵׁבֶט; also (in epith. of י׳) sub אָבִיר, אוֹר, אֱלֹהִים, I. גָּאַל, מֶלֶךְ, מִקְוֶה (I. קוה), i. צוּר (V. צור), קָדוֹשׁ, I. רָעָה 1 d (3). †e. יִשׂ׳ =the laity, opp. priests, etc. (late): Ezr 10:25; Ne 11:3; 1 Ch 9:2 כָּל־יִשׂ׳ Ezr 2:70; 10:5; הָעָם יִשׂ׳ 9:1; בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳ Ne 10:40, cf. שְׁאָר" dir="rtl" >שְׁאָר יִשׂ׳ 11:20.
דָּוִד, דָּוִיד n.pr.m. David, son of יִשַׂי, king of Israel, whose dynasty remained on the throne of Jerusalem till the Babylonian exile (cf. 2 S 7:11–15 etc.) (beloved one? cf. BaNB 189; according to Sayce Mod. Rev. 1884, 158 ff. Rel.Bab. 53, 56 f. orig. Dodo, title of sun-god worshipped in Isr. cf. דודה n. divin. among E. Jordan Israelites MI12)—דָּוִד always Ru Sa Ki (except 1 K 3:14; 11:4, 36) ψ Pr Ec Is Je; also 1 Ch 13:6 Ez 34:24; 37:24, 25 (c. 790 times); דָּוִיד always Zc Ch (except 1 Ch 13:6) Ezr Ne; also Am 6:5 (where gloss according to Peters Hbr Apr. 1886, p. 175) 9:11 Ho 3:5 Ez 34:23 1 K 3:14; 11:4, 36 Ct 4:4 (c. 276 times);—first named 1 S 16:13; cf. also Ru 4:17, 22 2 S 1:1 +, 1 K 1:1 +, 2:1 +, etc. (v. supra); in titles of ψ 3–9, 11–32, 34–41, 51–65, 68–70, 86, 101, 103, 108–110, 122, 124, 131, 133, 138–145 (73 in all); also in ψ 18:51 (= 2 S 22:51) 72:20; 89:36, 50; 122:5; 132:1, 11, 17; ד׳ עַבְדִּי (י׳ speaks) 2 S 3:18; 7:5, 8 = 1 Ch 17:4, 7 cf. v 26 = 1 Ch 17:24, also 1 K 8:24, 25, 26(×2) = 2 Ch 6:15, 16, 17, 42, 1 K 11:13, 32, 34, 36, 38; 14:8 2 K 8:19; 19:34 = Is 37:35, 2 K 20:6; cf. further ψ 18:1; 36:1 (both titles cf. supr.) 78:70; 89:4, 21; 132:10; 144:10 Je 33:21, 22, 26; so also as represented in coming (Messianic) ruler Ez 34:23, 24; 37:24, 25, cf. Ho 3:5 Je 30:9 (v. עֶבֶד). Phrases are: a. עִיר ד׳ (according to SayceMod. Rev. l.c. orig. city of god Dod[o]) = stronghold or citadel of Zion, 2 S 5:7, 9 = 1 Ch 11:5, 7, 2 S 6:10, 12, 16 = 1 Ch 13:13; 15:1, 29, cf. Is 22:9; especially of burial of kings 1 K 2:10; 3:1, 8:1 = 2 Ch 5:2, 1 K 9:24 = 2 Ch 8:11, 1 K 11:27 v 43 = 2 Ch 9:31, 1 K 14:31; 15:8 = 2 Ch 12:16; 13:23, 1 K 15:24 = 2 Ch 16:14, 1 K 22:50 = 2 Ch 21:1, 2 K 8:24 = 2 Ch 21:20, 2 K 9:28; 12:22 = 2 Ch 24:25, 2 K 14:20; 15:7, v 38 = 2 Ch 27:9, 2 K 16:20; burial of Jehoiada 2 Ch 24:16; further 2 Ch 32:5, 30; 33:14 Ne 12:37; cf. also קִרְיַת חָנָה ד׳ Is 29:1. b. בֵּית ד׳ 2 S 3:1, 6 + (cf. בַּיִת 5 c). c. אֹהֶל ד׳ Is 16:5 (cf. אֹהֶל 2). d. סֻכַּת ד׳ Am 9:11 (cf. סֻכָּה sub סכך). e. כִּסֵּא ד׳ 2 S 3:10 cf. 1 K 1:37; 2:12, 24, 45 Is 9:6 Je 17:25; 22:2, 30; 29:16; 36:30 cf. 13:13; 22:4, (cf. also כִּסֵּא). f. קִבְרֵי ד׳ Ne 3:16 cf. 2 Ch 32:33 קִבְרֵי בְנֵי־ד׳ (cf. קֶבֶר). g. מִגְדַּל ד׳ Ct 4:4. h. כְּלְי־שִׁיר ד׳ אישׁ האלהים Ne 12:36. i. אֱלֹהֵי ד׳ 2 K 20:5 + (cf. אֱלֹהִים 4 b). j. חַסְדֵי ד׳ 2 Ch 6:42 Is 55:3 (cf. 2 S 7:15 1 K 3:6 ψ 89:50 2 Ch 1:8 etc.).—(On text note the foll.:—דָּוִד 1 S 30:20a del. 𝔊 𝔙 We Dr; 2 S 3:5 read prob. name of a former husband of Eglah We Dr; 2 S 13:39 read רוּחַ Wep. 223 Dr; 2 S 19:44 read בְּכוֹר (for בדוד) 𝔊 The We Dr; insert דָּוִד 2 S 9:11; 15:32 & 24:15 𝔊 We Dr; in 1 Ch 18:12 ψ 60:1 אבשׁי & יואב are less orig. than דָּוִד 2 S 8:13 We Dr).
Jesus, Greek form of Hebrew Joshua or Jehoshua, Saviour , Refs 1st c.AD (from Middle LSJ)
יְהוּדָה820 n.pr.m. et terr. Judah (treated Gn 29:35; 49:8 (q.v. infr.) as if der. from Hoph. of ידה = praised, object of praise (on ה cf. Hiph. אֲהוֹדֶ֑נּוּ ψ 28:7, יְהוֹדֶה Ne 11:17), but this dubious; relation to יְהֻד, ii. יְהוּדִית unexpl.; v. further JastrJBL xii, 1893, 61 ff.; Assyrian Ia-u-du, of land; Ia-u-da-ai, Judaean COTGloss)— I. n.pr.m. 1. son of Jacob and Leah, expl. by Leah’s words I will praise י׳ Gn 29:35 (J); cf. Jacob’s prediction, thy brethren shall praise thee Gn 49:8 (poem in JE), see also v 9, 10; elsewhere Gn 37:26; 38:1 + 14 times Gn 38, 43:3, 8; 44:14, 16, 18; 46:28 (all J), 35:23 (P), 1 Ch 2:1, 3 Ru 4:12; בְּנֵי יְהוּדָה sons of Judah Gn 46:12 Nu 26:19 (P), 1 Ch 2:3, 4; 4:1. 2. tribe descended from Judah Dt 33:7 (poem), Nu 1:7 (P), Dt 27:12 +; בְּנֵי יהודה Nu 1:26 (P), Jos 14:6 (D), Ju 1:8 +; שֵׁבֶט יהודה Jos 7:16 (J), 1 K 12:20 2 K 17:18 ψ 78:68; מַטֵּה בְנֵי יהודה Jos 15:1, 20, 21; 21:9 (all P), 1 Ch 6:50; elsewhere מַטֵּה יהודה Ex 31:2; 35:30; 38:22 Nu 1:27; 7:12; 13:6; 34:19 Jos 7:1, 18; 21:4 (all P); אישׁ יהודה Ju 15:10 +; אנשׁי יהודה 2 S 2:4 +, (cf. amelûti [ṣabê] Ia-u-du Tel el-AmarnaNo. 39 JastrJBL xii, 1893, 64). 3. nation, of southern kingdom under dynasty of David, as distinguished from northern kingdom of Ephraim or Israel: Ho 4:15 Je 2:28 2 Ch 12:12 +; of the returned exiles Ne 4:4; עַם יהודה 2 K 14:21 = 2 Ch 26:1, Je 25:1, 2 Ezr 4:4; בְּנֵי יהודה Ho 2:2 Je 7:30 2 Ch 13:18; 25:12; 28:10; בֵּית יהודה Ho 1:7 Je 3:18 Ez 4:6 +; מַלְכוּת יהודה 2 Ch 11:17; personified, בַּת י׳ La 1:15; 2:2, 5. 4. Levite, Ezra’s time, Ezr 10:23. 5. an overseer of Jerus. Ne 11:9. 6. Levite musician Ne 12:8. 7. priest Ne 12:36. II. n.pr.terr. land of Judah, f. Is 7:6 Je 23:6 = 33:16, Jo 4:30 ψ 114:2 +; ארץ יְהוּדֶה 1 S 22:5 2 K 23:24 +; אדמת יהודה Is 19:17; עָרֵי יהודה 2 S 2:1 1 K 12:17 2 K 18:13; 23:5, 8 Is 40:9; 44:26 Zc 1:12 ψ 69:36 La 5:11; also 15 times Chr., 23 times Jer.; בִּיהודה Jos 19:34 Ju 15:9 +; מיהודה 1 K 13:1 +; הר יהודה the hill-country of Judah Jos 11:21 (D), 20:7; 21:11 (P), 2 Ch 27:4; נֶגֶב יהודה the south (country) of Judah 1 S 27:10. 2 S 24:7; מדבר יהודה Ju 1:16 ψ 63:1 (title).
מֹשֶׁה767 n.pr.m. Moses, the great Hebrew leader, prophet and lawgiver (prob. = Egyptian mes, mesu, child, son, EbGS 539, cf. Di Ex 2:10, where see also older (abandoned) etymol.);—מ׳ Ex 2:10 + מֹשֶׁ֑ה v 15 +; name occurs 706 times in Hex (Ex. 290 times, Lv. 86 times, Nu. 233 times, Dt. 38 times, Jos. 59 times), Ju. 4 times + 18:30 where read מֹשֶׁה for מְנַשֶּׁה (cf. GFM); 1 S 12:6, 8,. Kings 10 times, Mi 6:4; Je 15:1; Is 63:11, 12; Mal 3:22 ψ 77:21 + 7 times; Chr. 3 times, Dn 9:11, 13;—Moses was son of Amram and Jochebed Ex 6:20 Nu 26:59 (both P), 1 Ch 5:29; 23:13; of tribe of Levi Ex 2:1 (E; cf. also foregoing); (younger) brother of Aaron 4:14 (J), 7:1, 2, 7 (P), etc., and brother of Miriam Nu 26:59 (P), 1 Ch 5:29 (cf. Ex 15:20 E); called prophet Dt 18:15, 18; 34:10; agent by whom י׳ gave law Ex 20:19, 20, 21, 22 (E) +; especially P (כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה י׳ אֶת־מ׳, etc.), Ex 39:1, 5, 7, 21, 26, 29, 31; 40:19, 21, 25, 27, 29, 32 Lv 7:38; 8:9, 13, 17, 27, 29 + often; lawgiver Dt 33:4; Jos 1:7, 13 (D) +; priest, מ׳ וְאַהֲרֹן בְּכֹהֲנָיו ψ 99:6. Phrases are—(עַבְדּוֹ, עַבְדִּי, etc.) מ׳ עֶבֶד י׳ Ex 14:31 (J), Nu 12:7 (E), Dt 34:5 (JE), Jos 1:1 (D) + 15 times Jos. (D); 1 K 8:53, 56; 2 K 18:12; 21:8; Mal 3:22; 2 Ch 1:3; 24:6; Ne 1:8; 9:14 ψ 105:26; מ׳ עֶבֶד אלהים 1 Ch 6:34; 24:9 Ne 10:30 Dn 9:11; מ׳ אִישׁ הָאֱלֹהִים Ezr 3:2 ψ 90:1; תּוֹרַת מ׳ Jos 8:32 (D), 1 K 2:3; 2 K 23:25; Mal 3:22; 2 Ch 23:18; 30:16; Ezr 3:2; 7:6; Dn 9:11, 13; סֵפֶר מ׳ 2 Ch 25:4; 35:12; Ne 13:1; סֵפֶר תּוֹרַת מ׳ Jos 8:31 (D), 23:6 (D), 2 K 14:6; Ne 8:1.
יְרוּשָׁלַ֫םִ, יְרוּשָׁלַ֫יִם, n.pr.loc. Jerusalem (in Assyrian Urusalim, Tel Amarna, ZimZA, 1891, 252, 254; Ursalimmu, COTGloss.; 𝔊 Ιερουσαλημ; √ and meaning dub.; Rel Ew al. der. from יְרוּשׁ שׁלם possession of peace (or Salem’s possession); Thes al. from יָרָה, i.e. יְרוּ + שָׁלֵם a foundation of peace; GrillZAW, 1884, 134 ff. foundation of Shalem (Sh. = God of peace, = י׳); but name not certainly Hebr.; according to SayceAcad. Feb. 7, 1891, 138; Higher Crit. 176 (opposed by ZimZA, 1891, 263), JastrJBL xi, 1892, 105 = Uru (city) + Salim, n.pr.div.);—usually יְרוּשָׁלַ֫םִ (Qr perpetuum), Jos 10:1 +; יְרוּשָׁלָ֑םִ 1 S 17:54 +; -לַ֫יִם 5 times according to Mas. (vid. FrensdorffMass Magna, 293), viz. Je 26:18 1 Ch 3:5 2 Ch 25:1; 32:9 (c. ה loc.), Est 2:6, (but -לָ֑֫םִ 1 Ch 3:5 van d. H Baer), so Maccab. coins, LevyGesch. d. jüd. Münz. 42f.; c. ה loc. יְרוּשָׁלַ֫מֳה 1 K 10:2 Is 36:2 Ez 8:3; (-לַ֫יְמָה 2 Ch 32:9 supr.); -לָ֑מֳה 2 K 9:28; with prefixes: בִּירו׳ 2 S 9:13 +; לִירו׳ 2 K 18:22 +; מִירו׳ 2 S 15:11 +; וִירו׳ 1 K 23:1 +; —Jerusalem, renowned as capital of all Israel, afterwards of southern kingdom, seat of central worship in temple, first named as city of Canaanite Adoni-Ṣedeḳ †Jos 10:1, 3, 5, 23 (all JE), cf. 12:10 (D); inhabited by Jebusites Jos 15:63(×2) (P), Ju 1:21(×2), cf. v 7 (Adoni-Bezek); identif. with יְבוּס Ju 19:10, and הַיְבוּסִי (q.v.) Jos 15:8; 8:28 (both P); captured by Judah Ju 1:8; first named in connexion with David 1 S 17:54†; taken possession of by David as king 2 S 5:6; David’s royal seat v 5, 13, 14; 8:7; 11:1 +; it remained the capital until taken by Nebuchadrezzar, b.c. 588, 2 K 25:1 +; it became the chief home of the returned exiles Ezr 1:11; 2:11 Ne 2:11, 17 +; mentioned S 31 times, K 92 times, Ch 151 times, Ezr 25 times, Ne 38 times, Is1 27 times, Is2, 3 22 times, Je 107 times, Ez 26 times, Zc 41 times, etc.—Vid. also n.pr.loc. יְבוּס, שָׁלֵם.
מִצְרַ֫יִם681 n.pr.terr. et gent.f. Ex 10:7, m. Ex 12:33, mpl. Gn 41:55 etc. (v. infr. 2), Egypt, Egyptians (Ph. מצרם; Assyrian Mŭṣŭr, Muṣru, Miṣir, DlPar 308 SchrCOT Gloss. KGF 246 ff., TelAm. Miṣrî, Wkl TA 39 BezBM 152, and Mas̆rî Wkl l.c.; Arabic مَصْر Cairo, Egypt (Spiro); Min. Miṣru HomA. and A. (1892), 125; v. also EbÄgM 71 ff.; 𝔊 Αἴγυπτος;—deriv. and form dub.; יִם—ַusually regarded as dual term. (Upper and Lower Egypt? cf. Di Gn 10:6), but as loc. ending EMey Gesch. i. § 42 BaNB p. 319 R. 5; JenZA iv (1889), 268 ff. thinks מִצְרַיִם abs. formed by anal. of מַיִם, שָׁמַיִם from Miṣrî (cf. TelAm.); v. further Wkl infra, ad fin.);—מ׳ Gn 13:1 +; מִצְרָ֑יִם 37:36 +; מִצְרַ֫יְמָה 12:10 + 12 times, מִצְרָ֑יְמָה 12:11 + 4 times;— 1. a. of land, Egypt, Gn 13:1 + 500 times, +, in all periods, incl. אֶרֶץ מ׳ 13:10 + c. 220 times (of course f., 47:6, 13); אַדְמַת מ׳ the soil of Egypt †47:20, 26; מֵימֵי מ׳ †Ex 7:19; 8:2; נְהַר מ׳ †Gn 15:18; יְאֹר מ׳ †Am 8:8; 9:5; יְאֹרֵי מ׳ †Is 7:18 (cf. מָצוֹר); שִׁיחוֹר מ׳ †1 Ch 13:5; לְשׁוֹן יָם־מ׳ †Is 11:15; נַחַל מ׳ Jos 15:4 + 6 times (v. these various wds.); land as productive Gn 45:20; 49:23, cf. שֵׁשׁ בְּרִקְמָה מִמּ׳ Ez 27:7, אֵטוּן מ׳ Pr 7:16; often ‖ כּוּשׁ, especially in proph. and poet. Is 20:3, 4, 5; 45:14 Ez 30:4, 9 +; ‖ אַשּׁוּר Ho 11:11; 12:1 Is 7:18 Je 2:18 +; incl. Upper Egypt (פַּתְרוֹס), as well as Lower, Je 44:1, cf. Ez 29:10; 30:6 appar. disting. from Upper Egypt Is 11:11, and poss. also Je 44:15 (cf. Gf Gie Buhl SS CheHpt. Isaiah); but פתרוס etc. in these vv somewhat dub. (cf. Du Gie). b. combinations are: (1) מ׳ as limit of motion: יָרַד מצרים(ה) Gn 43:15 Jos 24:4 + c. 12 times; בּוֹא מ׳ 1 S 12:8 + c. 26 times, בוא בְמ׳ †Is 19:23, בוא לְמ׳ †Je 44:28; שׁוּב מ׳ Ho 8:3 + 9 times, שׁוּב אֶל־מ׳ †Ho 11:5, שׁוּב לְאַרְצוֹ מ׳ †Je 37:7; בָּרַח מ׳ †1 K 11:40; שָׁלַח מ׳ †Je 26:22, so (+ אֶל־) v 22. In Je 42:16 b read בְּמ׳ with Gie. (2) מ׳ as point of departure (הֶעֱלָה) עָלָה מִן־(ארץ) מ׳ Gn 13:1 + c. 43 times; יָצָא (הוֹצִיא) מִן־(ארץ) מ׳ Ex 12:39 + c. 96 times; פָּדָה מִמּ׳ †2 S 7:23 (but del. GeiUrschr. 288 We Dr Kit Bu)=1 Ch 17:21; בּוֹא מִמּ׳ †2 Ch 12:3; 20:10; שׁוּב מִמּ׳ †Je 44:28 2 Ch 10:2; אָתָה מִמּ׳ †ψ 68:32; קָרָא מִמּ׳ †Ho 11:1. 2. of people: a. in table of nations, personif. as second son of Ham †Gn 10:6=1 Ch 1:8, cf. Gn 10:13=1 Ch 1:11. b. =Egypt (as a people), Egyptians Gn 41:56 + c. 134 times, incl. use=Egyptian kingdom, empire, i. e. land and people as political power; so c. vb. fs. אָֽבְדָה מ׳ Ex 10:7, cf. Ho 9:6 Jo 4:19 and (pron. fs.) Ez 30:18; c. vb. ms. Ex 12:33; 14:25 Is 19:16, 23, 25 Je 46:8; often c. vb. mpl. Gn 41:55 Is 19:21, 23 + 22 times; בְּנֵי מ׳ Ez 16:26; בְּתוּלַת בַּת מ׳ †Je 46:11, cf. v 19, 24.—In 1 K 10:28=2 Ch 1:16, 17, 2 K 7:6 WklAlttest. Unters. 171 f. thinks of Assyrian Muṣri in N. Syria. (On מִצְרַיִם as often=Muṣri in N. Arabia v. Wkl Altor. Unters. i. 24 ff., ii. 195, iii. 289, iv. 337 f.; MVG 1898, 1. 4).
† שָׁאוּל n.pr.m. (= asked (of י׳), cf. שְׁאַלְתִּיאֵל infr.; Palm. n.pr. שאילא Lzb371 Cooke283);—Σαουλ: 1. 397 1st king of Isr., 1 S 9:2, 3(×2), 5 (son of Kish, a Benjamite) + 359 times Sm, 28 times 1 Chr, ψ 18:1; 52:2; 54:2; 57:1; 59:1 (all in titles); גִּבְעַת שׁ׳ Is 10:29 (and 1 S 11:4; 15:34; 2 S 21:6 v. II. גִּבְעָה). †2. a king of Edom Gn 36:37, 38 (P) = 1 Ch 1:48, 49. †3. a son of Simeon Gn 46:10; Ex 6:15; Nu 26:13 (all P) = 1 Ch 4:24. †4. a Levite 1 Ch 6:9.
יַעֲקֹב344, יַעֲקוֹב n.pr.m. et gent. Jacob, Ιακωβ, son of Isaac and Rebekah, father of tribes of Isr. (expl. from עָקֵב heel Gn 25:26; Ho 12:4, i.e. supplanter; cp. with עָקַב overreach Gn 27:36; one closely following according to LagBN 127; connexion with Pal. city (?) called in Egyptian Yʿkb’ara (i.e. יַעֲקֹב־אֵל) is obscure; cf. MeyZAW vi. 1 ff. WMMAs. u. Eur. 162 ff. JenZA x (1895–6), 347 ff.; v. also Bab. n.pr.m. Yaʿḳubilu, Pinches in HomAHT 61, 96, 112; hence OT יַעֲקֹב perhaps orig. יעקבאל or the like, cf. Palm. n.pr. בלעקב, עתעקב);—יַעֲקוֹב Je 30:18 + 3 times Je, Lv 26:42; יַעֲקֹב 215 times Hex. (chiefly JE; 180 times Gn, once Lv, etc.), 34 times ψ, 42 times Is (27 times 40–66), etc.;— 1. as n.pr.m. Gn 25:26 + 205 times (+ אַבְרָהָם, יִצְחָק 19 times); also בֵּית יַע׳ of people (v. בַּיִת 5 d (γ)), בְּנֵי יַע׳ (v. בֵּן 1 j (β)), זֶרַע יַע׳ (v. זֶרַע 4 f), עֵין יַע׳ (v. עַיִן), etc. 2. as n.pr.gent. (c. 100 times; poet. and proph.) Nu 24:5, 19; Dt 32:9 ψ 44:5; Is 10:21; 17:4; Je 10:25; 30:7 +; ‖ יִשְׂרָאֵל Nu 23:7; Dt 33:10; Is 14:1 ψ 14:7 + c. 35 times; specif. of N. Isr. Am 7:2, 5; Ho 12:13 (+ 10:11; 12:13 prob., v. Now), Mi 1:5(×2) Is 9:7; of Judah Mi 3:1, 8; Ob 10; Is 65:9; Mal 2:12 + al. postexilic; גְּאוֹן יַע׳ v. גָּאוֹן" dir="rtl" >גָּאוֹן; †אֵל יַע׳ ψ 146:5, אֱלוֹהַּ יַע׳ ψ 114:7 †; אֱלֹהֵי יַע׳ 2 S 23:1; Is 2:3 = Mi 4:2 + 9 times ψψ, + ψ 24:6 (א׳ יַע׳ for MT יַע׳ alone), so 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Ew Ol Hup Bae We Che al.; read א׳ יַע׳ also prob. 2 S 23:2 (for א׳ יִשׂ׳, ‖ צוּר יִשׁ׳) 𝔙 HPS; קְדוֹשׁ יַע׳ Is 29:23 (‖ א׳ יִשׂ׳); מֶלֶךְ יַע׳ 41:21 (‖ יהוה).—On יַעֲקֹב v. especially Dr‘Jacob’ in HastingsDict. Bib. ii. 526 ff..
אַהֲרֹן346 n.pr.m. Aaron, elder brother of Moses Ex 7:7; the priest Ex 31:10 +; mentioned Ex 4:14; 15:20; 17:10; 24:1; 28:29 + (115 times Ex); Lv 8:12, 23 + (80 times Lv); Nu 20:24f; 33:39 + (101 times Nu); 1 Ch 5:29 +; Mi 6:4 (only here in proph.) ψ 77:21; 105:26; called הַכֹּהֵן Ex 31:10; 35:19; 39:41 Lv 7:34 +, v. ψ 99:6 משֶׁה וא׳ בְּכֹהֲנָיו; also בּן־א׳ הַכֹּהֵן Ex 38:21 Nu 3:32 + (all P) called קְדוֹשׁ יהוה ψ 106:16; often named with his sons Lv 2:3, 10; 6:2 +; בְּנֵי א׳ in strict sense Ex 28:1, 4, 40 + often; בְּנֵי א׳ הַכֹּהֲנִים Lv 1:5 + Nu 3:3; 10:8 Jos 21:19 1 Ch 6:42; of temple-priests in gen’l, as descendants of A., 2 Ch 26:18; 29:21; 31:19; 35:14(×2), v. also 13:9, 10 & cf. הַכֹּהֵן בֶּן־א׳ Ne 10:39; so בֵּית א׳ ψ 115:10, 12; 118:3; 135:19; אַהֲרֹן alone (= בֵּית א׳) 1 Ch 12:27(28) cf. 27:17.
יהוהc. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהוָֹה6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֹה305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (vid. אֲדֹנָי), and with prep. בַּיהוָֹה, לַיהוָֹה, מֵיהוָֹה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. 𝔊 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Ex 20:7; Lv 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (vid. Philo de Vita Mosis iii, 519, 529), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (cf. Bö§ 88). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the ־יָהוּ, יְהוֹ־ of compound n.pr. and the contracted form יָהּ, all favour יַהְוֶה (cf. יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן ψ 74:6; תַּהֲרוּ Is 33:11), v. LagSym. i. 14 BaudissinStudien i. 179 ff.; DrStud. Bib. i. 1 ff. For Jeve v. StaZAW 1881, 346 De ib. 1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii. 2. on liter. of interpret. v. NesEg 67 Drl.c..—Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (cf. הַוָּה Gn 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc), performer of his promises, Lag, Nes.Eg 88 (but NesEg. 91 inclines to Qal as RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev. v. infr.); or from הוה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RSOTJC ed. 1, 423; om. ed. 2, 245, cf. WeSkizzen iii. 175; ‘Fäller,’ destroying foes, StaG. i. 429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of היה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever-living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; cf. also RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876, he will be it, i.e. all that his servants look for (cf. Ewinfr.), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Drl. c. 17)). theories of non-Heb. or non-Sem. origin. opposed (in their older forms) by BauRel i. 181 ff. (v. especially 230); DlPa 162 ff. claimed Bab. origin for יהו, against this KueNational religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.) JastrJBL xiii (1894), 103 f. cf. HptBAS i. 170 N; Dl Babel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f. makes same claim for יהוה, agst. this v. especially HirschZAW xxiii (1903), 355 ff. ZimKAT 3, 465 ff.; SpiegelbergZMG liii (1899), 633 ff. proposes (improb.) Egyptian etymol. for יהוה; further discussions see in KöEB Names, § 112 and n. 3. ‘Jehovah’ found in Jacob (? Johann.) Wessel († 1480), according to SchwallyThLZ, 1905, col. 612. I. יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12–15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus: אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (v 12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it v 14a (i.e. with thee v 12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה v 14b (i.e. with thee v 12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it v 15 (i.e. with thee v 12). Cf. EwBTh ii. 337, 338 RSl. c., Proph. 385 ff. Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc LagPsalt. Hieron. 156); I am, (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich WeJD Th xxi, 540 = Comp. Hex. 72); Di al. I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable.—E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Ju S K use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Ex 6:3; but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gn 21:33 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; cf. De Gn 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 times in prose parts, and 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chr apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Dn uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 times); Ec not at all. In the Elohistic group of ψ 42–83 it is used 39 times (see אלהים). It occurs as the name of Israel’s God MI 18. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, cf. COT Gn 2:4b DlPa 158 ff. DrStud. Bib. i. 7 ff. II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים with or without suffs., especially in D; a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Ex 20:2–12 (5 times) = Dt 5:6–16; in the law of worship of JE, Ex 23:19; 34:24, 26; in D 234 times; Jos 1:9, 17; 9:9, 24 (D2); elsewhere Gn 27:20 Ex 15:26 (JE), Ju 6:26; S & K 20 times 1 Ch 11:2; 22:11, 12 2 Ch 9:8(×2); 16:7; Is 7:11; 37:4(×2); 41:13; 43:3; 51:15; 55:5; Je 40:2 + (3 times) Ho 12:10; 13:4; 14:2; Am 9:15; ψ 81:11. b. with אֱלֹהֵיכ��ם in D 46 times; D2 28 times; H 15 times; P 15 times; elsewhere Ex 23:25 (E); 8:24; 10:8, 16, 17 (JE); Ju 6:10; 1 S 12:12, 14; 2 K 17:39; 23:21; 1 Ch 22:18 + (10 times Chr) ψ 76:12; Je 13:16; + (5 times) Ez 20:5, 7, 19, 20; Jo 2:13 + (6 times) Zc 6:15. c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 times; in D2 5 times; Ex 8:6 (JE) Ex 3:18; 5:3; 8:22, 23; 10:25, 26 (E) Ju 11:24; 1 S 7:8; 1 K 8:57, 59, 61, 65 2 K 18:22; 19:19 = Is 36:7; 37:20, 1 Ch 13:2 + (15 times Chr) Mi 4:5; 7:17; Is 26:13; Je 3:22 + (17 times) ψ 20:8; 90:17 (?; Baer אֲדֹנָי) 94:23; 99:5, 8, 9(×2); 105:7; 106:47; 113:5; 122:9; 123:2 Dn 9:10, 13, 14. d. c. אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Ex 10:7 (J) Ex 29:46(×2) Lv 26:44 (P) Ju 3:7; 8:34; 1 S 12:9; 1 K 9:9; 2 K 17:7, 9, 14, 16, 19; 18:12 2 Ch 31:6; 33:17; 34:33; Ne 9:3(×2), 4; Je 3:21; 22:9; 30:9; 43:1(×2) 50:4; Ez 28:26; 34:30; 39:22, 28 Ho 1:7; 3:5; 7:10; Zp 2:7; Hag 1:12(×2) Zc 9:16; 10:6. e. with אֱלֹהָיו Nu 23:21 (E) Ex 32:11 (J) Lv 4:22 (P) Dt 17:19; 18:7; 1 S 30:6; 1 K 5:17; 11:4; 15:3, 4; 2 K 5:11; 16:2; 2 Ch 1:1; + 13 times Chr; Mi 5:3; Je 7:28; ψ 33:12; 144:15; 146:5; Jon 2:2. f. with אֱלֹהַי Nu 22:18 (JE) Dt 4:5; 18:16; 26:14; Jos 14:8, 9; 2 S 24:24; 1 K 3:7; 5:18, 19; 8:28; 17:20, 21; 1 Ch 21:17; 22:7; 2 Ch 2:3; 6:19; Ezr 7:28; 9:5; ψ 7:2, 4; 13:4; 18:29; 30:3, 13; 35:24; 40:6; 104:1; 109:26; Is 25:1; Je 31:18; Dn 9:4, 20; Jon 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zc 11:4; 13:9; 14:5. g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Is 60:9 Je 2:17, 19; 3:13; Mi 7:10; Zp 3:17. h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gn 2:4b—3:23 (J, 20 times either אלהים inserted by RP as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Ex 9:30 (J, but not in 𝔊 Sam.; Sam. אדני יהוה; possibly MT from earlier Qr, & Sam. from later Qr); 2 S 7:22, 25 (𝔊 אדני יהוה and 1 Ch 17:20–23 only יהוה); 1 Ch 17:16, 17 (but 2 S 7:18, 19 אדני יהוה) 1 Ch 28:20; 29:1; 2 Ch 1:9; 6:41(×2), 42; 26:18 (but in the original ψ 132:8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); ψ 72:18 (the late doxology) 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jon 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names. 2. the phrase †אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy:— a. after אמר either alone Ex 6:2, 29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gn 28:13 (J) 15:7 (R) Ex 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Ju 6:10; Ez 20:5. b. after ידע כי (α) Ex 7:17; 8:18; 10:2 (J); Ex 7:5; 14:4, 18 (P); 1 K 20:13, 28; Je 24:7 Ez 6:7 + 4:8 times Ez; (β) with אלהיכם Ex 6:7; 16:12; Dt 29:5 (P) Ez 20:20; Jo 4:17; (γ) with אלהיהם Ex 29:46 (P) Ez 28:26; 34:30; 39:22, 28; (δ) before relative and other clauses Is 45:3; 49:23, 26; 60:16 Ez 7:9; 17:24; 21:10; 22:22; 35:12; 36:36; (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Ex 31:13 (P) Ez 20:12; 37:28; 39:7; (ζ) with דברתי Ez 5:13; 17:21, cf. יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י׳ Ez 20:26. c. after כִּי in various combinations Lv 11:44, 45; Nu 35:34 (P), Lv 20:7, 26; 21:8, 15, 23; 22:16; 24:22; 25:17; 26:1, 44 (all H); Ex 15:26 (R) Is 41:13; 43:3; 61:8; Je 9:23; Ez 12:25; 21:4 Zc 10:6; Mal 3:6. d. emphatic Ex 6:8; 12:12 Lv 26:2, 45; Nu 3:13, 41, 45 (all P); Lv 18:5, 6, 21; 19:12, 14, 16, 18, 28, 30, 32, 37; 21:12; 22:2, 3, 8, 30, 31, 33 (all H) Is 43:15; with אלהיהם Ex 29:46; with אלהיךָ Is 48:17; with אלהיכם Lv 23:43; 25:38, 55; Nu 10:10; 15:41(×2) (P) Lv 18:2, 4, 30; 19:2, 3, 4, 10, 25, 31, 34, 36; 20:24; 23:22; 26:13 (all H) Ez 20:7, 19 Jo 2:27; with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lv 20:8; 22:9, 32 (H), with דברתי Nu 14:35 (P) Ez 5:15 + (11 times Ez); with clauses Is 27:3; 41:4, 17; 42:6, 8; 45:5, 6, 7, 8, 18, 19, 21; 60:22 Je 17:10; 32:27; Ez 14:4, 7, 9; 34:24; †אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Ex 20:2, 5 = Dt 5:6, 9 cited ψ 81:11 Ho 12:10; 13:4; elsewhere only Ex 4:11 (J) Is 43:11; 44:24; 51:15. 3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gn 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Ex 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלום Ju 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Je 33:16 (cf. 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ez 48:35.—On combinations such as הַר י׳, י׳ צְבָאוֹת etc., v. הַר²" dir="rtl" >הַר, צָבָא²" dir="rtl" >צָבָא, etc. Note. —BonkZAW 1891, 126 ff. seems to shew that as prefix, in comp. n.pr., יְהוֹ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֹ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chr; occasional copyists’ mistakes being taken into the account.
שְׁלֹמֹה293 n.pr.m. Solomon (Σαλωμων, rarely Σαλομων, 𝔊L mostly Σολομων; cf. LagBN 53, 96);—king of Israel, son of David and Bathsheba 2 S 12:24; 1 K 1:11 + [name 2 times S; 162 times K; 109 times Ch; 7 times Ezr Ne]; born in Jerus. 2 S 5:14; 1 Ch 3:5; 14:4; designated by D. as successor, anointed and proclaimed before D.’s death 1 K 1:30, 33, 34, 39 +; king after D.’s death 1 K 2:12, 17; 1 Ch 29:28; 2 Ch 1:1 + [phr. הַמֶּלֶךְ שׁ׳ 1 K 1:34 + 36 times K, 11 times Ch, Je 52:20; Ct 3:9, 11; שׁ׳ הַמּ׳ 1 K 2:17; 12:2; 1 Ch 29:24; 2 Ch 10:2; שׁ׳ מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה 1 K 12:23; 2 Ch 11:3, מ׳ יִשׂ׳ 2 K 23:13; 24:13; 2 Ch 30:26; 35:3; Ne 13:26]; builder of temple 1 K 5:22; 6:1, 2; 1 Ch 5:26 + often; wise 1 K 3:10; 5:9, 10, 14; 10:1, 2, 3, 4; 2 Ch 1:7, 11 +; author of proverbs (and songs) according to Proverbs מִשְׁלֵי שׁ׳ 1:1; 10:1; 25:1 (cf. 1 K 5:12, 13), v. also לִשׁ׳ ψ 72:1; 127:1 (titles), Ct 1:1 (title); of written provision for priests, etc. 2 Ch 35:4, cf. 8:14 Ne 12:45; elsewhere (outside of K Ch) name occurs †Je 52:20; Ct 1:5 (Wkl Altor. Forsch. ii. 196 proposes Šalmaites, Nab. שלמו Lzb 376, cf. Levy TW ii.489 Jastr 1587), 3:7, 9, 11; 8:11, 12, and in phr. בְּנֵי עַדֵי שׁ׳ Ezr 2:55, 58 = Ne 7:57, 60; Ne 11:3.
פְּלִשְׁתִּי288 adj.gent. Philistine, (οἱ) Φυλιστιειμ, and (not in Hex) (ὁ) ἀλλόφυλος, (οἱ) ἀλλόφυλοι;—only as subst.: הַפּ׳ the Philistine (Goliath) slain by David 1 S 17:8 + 27 times 17, 18:6; 19:5; 21:10; 22:10; one slain by Abishai 2 S 21:17; elsewhere pl. the Philistines255, usually פְּלִשְׁתִּים without art., rarely הַפּ׳ 1 S 4:7; 7:13 + (especially c. prep. בַּפּ׳ v 13 +, and then perhaps due to punctuators), Gn 10:14 = 1 Ch 1:12; Gn 26:14, 15, 18; Ju 3:31 + 33 times Ju, 1 S 4:1(×2) + 118 times 1 S, 2 S 1:20 + 28 times 2 S, +; אֶרֶץ פ׳ Gn 21:32, 34 + 12 times; שְׂדֵה פ׳ 1 S 6:1; 27:7, 11; מֶלֶךְ פ׳ Gn 26:1, 8; שָׂרֵי פ׳ 1 S 18:30 + 5 times; סַרְנֵי פ׳ Jos 13:3; Ju 3:3 + 13 times; יָם פ׳ Ex 23:31; אֱלֹהֵי פ׳ Ju 10:6.—Cf. כְּרֵתִי, II. כַּפְתּוֹר. On Philistines v. also WMMAs. u. Eur. 387 f. Evans Cretan Pictographs, 100 ff. Schwally ZWT xxxiv. 103 f., 255.
II. לֵוִי291 adj.gent. Levite;—לֵוִי, 40 times; pl. לְוִיִּם 250 times; sf. 1 pl. לְוִיֵּנוּ Ne 10:1;— †1. sg. of individual, אִישׁ ל׳ Ju 19:1 a certain Levite; pred. וְהוּא ל׳ Ju 17:1 and he was a Levite, so v 9; c. art. הַלּ׳ as subst. the Levite Ex 4:14 (J), Ju 17:10, 11, 12, 13 (as priest), Dt 18:6; 2 Ch 20:14; 31:12, 14, Ezr 10:15; הַנַּעַר הַלּ׳ Ju 18:3, 15; הָאִישׁ הַלּ׳ 20:4. Sg. usually †2. c. art. הַלֵּוִי as subst. coll. the Levites: Ex 6:19; Nu 3:20, 32; 26:57 (all P); 18:23 (P; charged with service of tabern.); especially D, Dt 12:12, 18, 19; 14:27, 29; 16:1, 14; 26:10, 12, 13; also 1 Ch 24:6; Mal 2:8 (as priestly tribe), שֵׁבֶט הַלּ׳ Dt 10:8 tribe of the Levites (set apart for service), cf. Jos 13:14, 33; 1 Ch 23:14; בְּנֵי־הַלֵּוִי 1 Ch 12:27 (van d. H. v 26) sons of the Levites (i.e. of the tribe); so Ne 10:40 (as tithe-collectors); בֵּית הַלֵּוִי ψ 135:20 house (family, tribe) of the Levites 3. pl. לְוִיִּם chiefly Chr and P;—always c. art. הַֽלְוִיִּם except sf. לְוִיֵּנוּ Ne 10:1; the art. is om. by 𝔊𝔙 and most in Is 66:21; always = subst. Levites;— A. †a. earlier usage:—as bearing the ark 1 S 6:15; 2 S 15:24; Dt 31:25, so (with priests) 1 K 8:4 = 2 Ch 5:5 (ℌ הכהנים הַל׳; read prob. וְהַל׳ as in K, 𝔊𝔖𝔙 cf. Öt VB); also 1 Ch 15:2, 26, 27; 23:26; 2 Ch 5:4 (for הכהנים ‖ 1 K 8:3). †b. not disting. from priests by D: הַכֹּהֲנִים הַל׳ Dt 17:9, 18; 18:1; 24:8; 27:9, Jos 3:3; 8:33 (both D; as bearing ark), also Je 33:18, 21 (הַל׳ הַכּ׳), Ez 43:19; 44:15; cf. Dt 18:7; 27:14 Je 33:22; הַכּ׳ הַל׳ likewise 2 Ch 23:18; 30:27 (but read prob. וְהַל׳ after 𝔊𝔖𝔙, cf. Öt and infr.) †c. as tribal designation, Ex 6:25; Nu 3:39; 4:18, 46; Jos 21:1 (all P), 1 Ch 9:33, 34; 15:12; 2 Ch 35:5; Ne 11:15, 16; 12:24; with ref. to share in land Lv 25:32(×2), 33(×2) (H), Nu 1:47; 2:33; Jos 14:3, 4; 21:3, 4, 8, 20, 27, 34, 38, 39 (all P), 18:7 (D), 1 Ch 6:49; cf. also 2 Ch 11:14†. d. set apart for service in tabern., Ex 38:21; Nu 1:50, 51(×2), 53(×2); 2:17; 7:5, 6; 8:6 + 18 times Nu 8 (all P), cf. 1 Ch 6:33; 16:4; ministers to Aaron and his sons Nu 3:9; 8:19; 18:6 (P); set apart for י׳ (as redemption for first-born) Nu 3:12(×2) + 7 times Nu 3 (P); with certain perquisites Nu 18:24, 26, 30 + 9 times Nu (P). B. in Chr. the tribal idea is in the background, and thought of Levites as official class is prominent: a. disting. from priests הַכּ׳ וְהַל׳ 1 Ch 9:14 (cf. v 10), 13:2; 15:4, 11, 14; 23:2; 24:6, 31 + 67 times Chr.; also Is 66:21 (according to Vrss., but dub.), Ez 44:10; 45:5 (cf. v 4), 48:11, 12, 13, 22. b. as porters, 1 Ch 9:26; 26:17, cf. 34:9; as in charge of music, 1 Ch 15:16, 17, 22 2 Ch 5:12; 29:25, 30; 34:12 Ne 12:27; yet disting. from porters and singers, Ne 7:1; 13:5, 10; disting. also from נְתִינִים 1 Ch 9:2; Ezr 8:20; Ne 10:29; further (with various official functions) 1 Ch 9:31 + 29 times Chr.; of groups of individuals, 2 Ch 17:8(×2); 29:12; 34:12 Ezr 2:40 = Ne 7:43, Ezr 8:33; Ne 3:17; 9:5; 10:10; 12:8, also 8:7 (om. וְ; 𝔙 BeRy Ryle). c. בְּנֵי־הַלְוִיִּם 1 Ch 15:15 (bearing ark), 24:30 (tribal designation).—See, on Levites, especially GfGesch. d. Stammes Levi in MeArchiv i. 68 ff. 208 ff. WeProl. Cap. iv RSOTJC. 435 f., 2nd ed., 360 f. BauPriesterthum 50 f., 68 f., and often
פַּרְעֹה275 n.m. Pharaoh, Φαραω, title of Egyptian kings (Egyptian pr-ʿo, great house, of royal court, and (in new kingdom) of king GriffithHastings DB MeyGesch. Alt. i. 59 SteindBAS i. 343; in Assyrian priʾu according to most, cf. COTGloss. Steindl.c., but v. WklMVAG, 1898, 3 f.);—פ׳ Gn 12:15(×3), 17 + 212 times Hex (mostly JE, rarely DP), 1 S 2:27; 6:6; 1 K 3:1(×2) + 19 times K, Is 19:11(×2) + 3 times, Je 25:19 + 10 times, Ez 17:17 + 12 times, Ne 9:10; 1 Ch 4:18; 2 Ch 8:11 ψ 135:9; 136:15; Ct 1:9; + מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם (not early) Je 25:19; 46:17; Dt 7:8; 11:3; Ez 29:2, 3; 30:21, 22; 31:2; 1 K 3:1; 9:16; 11:18; 2 K 17:7; 18:21 = Is 36:6; Gn 41:46 (E), Ex 6:11, 13, 27, 29; 14:8 (all P); c. n.pr. פ׳ חָפְרַע Je 44:30, פ׳ נְכֹה 46:2; 2 K 23:29, 33, 34, 35.
בָּבֶ֫ל262 n.pr.loc. Babel, Babylon (in Assyrian written Bâb-ili, gate of god DlPa 212, cf. on other hand JenKosmol. 498)—c. ָהloc. בָּבֶ֫לָה Ez 12:13 +, בָּבֶ֑לָה 2 K 20:17 + once מִכָּבֶ֫לָה Je 27:16;—the ancient capital of Babylonia, mod. Hillah, situated on Euphrates, in long. c. 44° 30’ E., and lat. c. 32° 50’ N.; Gn 10:10; 11:9 (where name connected with בלל confuse, confound), both J, not elsewhere in Hex; 2 K 17:24 + 31 times 2 K; 18 times Chr; Est 2:6; late ψ 87:4; 137:1, 8; Is 2, 3, viz. 13:1, 9; 14:4, 22; 21:9; 39:1, 3, 6, 7; 43:14; 47:1; 48:14, 20; Mi 4:10 (but here prob. not orig., cf. RSProph. vii. n. 5 & reff.) Zc 2:11; 6:10 Dn 1:1 Ez 12:13 + 19 times Ez; Je 20:4(×2) 5, 6 + 165 times Je;—note especially אֶרֶץ בּ׳ Je 50:28; also of land & people = realm, partic. in מֶלֶךְ בּ׳ 2 K 20:12 of Merodach Baladan; v 18; 24:1, 7, 11, 12(×2) + often of Nebuchadrezzar; 2 K 25:27 = Je 52:31 cf. v 34 of Evil-Merodach; Ne 13:6 of Artaxerxes; the city personif. as בַּת בָּבֶל Is 47:1 Je 50:42. (See DlPa 212 COT Gn 11:9; KG 95.)
II. אֵל n.m. (also, in n.pr. אֶל, אֱלִי; Sam. אל, Ph. אל, אלן (i.e. prob. אֵלֹן), Sab. אל, DHM Or. Congr. Leiden, 1883, As. ilu, DlW; perhaps also Arabic, Aramaic. cf. Nöl.c.; on goddess אלת Ph. Palm. Nab. Sab. (also אלהת) DHMl.c., Arabic إِلَاهَة) (pl. إِلَاهَات) FlKl.Schr. i. 154, Assyrian Allatu Jr 66, Syriac ܐܰܠܳܗܳܬܳܐ,, cf. also BaeRel 58, 90, 97, 271, 297) god, but with various subordinate applications to express idea of might;—hardly ever in prose except with defining word (adj. or gen.); its only suff. is ִי;— †1. applied to men of might and rank, אֵל גוים mighty one of the nations Ez 31:11 (of Neb.; 𝔊 ἂρχων ἒθνων, איל some mss. Co); אֵלִים mighty men Jb 41:17 (אילים, many mss. Di); אֵלֵי גִבּוֹרִים mighty heroes Ez 32:21 (אֵילֵי mss. Co); אֵילֵי הָאָרֶץ Ez 17:13 2 K 24:15 (Kt אולי); אֵילִים Ex 15:15 (prob. pl. of iii. אַיִל, q.v.) These readings are uncertain because of an effort to distinguish these forms from the divine name. אֵל גִּבּוֹר mighty hero (as above) or divine hero (as reflecting the divine majesty) Is 9:5. †2. angels, בְּנֵי אֵלִים ψ 29:1; 89:7 = בְּנֵי הָאֱלֹהִים. 3. gods of the nations, אֵל אֵלִים God of gods, supreme God Dn 11:36; מִי כָמֹכָה בָּאֵלִם who is like thee among the gods Ex 15:11; idols Is 43:10; 44:10, 15, 17; 46:6; מי אל בשמים what God in heaven Dt 3:24; אִל אחר another god Ex 34:14 (J); אֵל זר foreign god ψ 44:21; 81:10; אל נכר Dt 32:12 Mal 2:11 ψ 81:10. †4. Ēl n.pr. אל ברית Ēl Berith Ju 9:46 (= בעל ברית Ju 8:33; 9:4); בְּאֵר אֵלִים s. p. 91 b †5. as characterizing mighty things in nature, הררי אל mighty mountains ψ 36:7 (lit. mountains of Ēl); also ψ 50:10 Ol Bi Che v. sub אֶ֫לֶף²" dir="rtl" >II. אלף; ארוי אל mighty cedars ψ 80:11; כוכבי אל lofty stars Is 14:13. 6. God217, the one only and true God of Israel: (a) הָאֵל the God, the true God Gn 31:13; 35:1, 3; 46:3 (E) 2 S 22:31, 33, 48 (= ψ 18:31, 33, 48) ψ 68:20, 21; 77:15; הָאֵל הַנֶּאֱמָן the faithful God Dt 7:9; האל הגדול the great God Dt 10:17 = Je 32:18 Dn 9:4 Ne 1:5; 9:32; האל הקדשׁ the holy God Is 5:16; האל יהוה the God Yahweh Is 42:5 ψ 85:9. †(b) אֵלִי my God Ex 15:2 (poet.) ψ 18:3; 22:2(×2), 11; 63:2; 68:25; 89:27; 102:25; 118:28; 140:7; Is 44:17. (c) cstr. אל בית אל the God of Bethel, who had his seat there Gn 35:7 (E); אל אביך God of thy father Gn 49:25 (poet.); אל ישראל ψ 68:36; אל יעקב ψ 146:5; אל השמים the God of heaven ψ 136:26; אל סלעי the God who is my rock ψ 42:10; אל שמחת גילי the God who is the joy of my exultation ψ 43:4; אֵל רֳאִי the God who lets himself be seen Gn 16:13 (J); אל הכבוד the God of glory ψ 29:3; אל דעות the all-knowing God 1 S 2:3 (poet.); אֵל עוֹלָם the everlasting God Gn 21:33 (J); אל ישועתי Is 12:2; אל חַיָּי֑ ψ 42:9; אל אמת ψ 31:6 = אל אֱמוּנָה Dt 32:4 (poet.); אל נקמות ψ 94:1(×2) אל גְּמֻלוֹת Je 51:56. (d) אל אֶחָד one God Mal 2:10; אל גדול a great God Dt 7:21 ψ 77:14; 95:3; אל מסתתר a God hiding himself Is 45:15; אל רחום a compassionate God Ex 34:6 (J) Dt 4:31 ψ 86:15; אל נשא a forgiving God ψ 99:8; אל חַנּוּן a gracious God Ne 9:31 Jon 4:2; אל קנא a jealous God Ex 20:5; 34:14 (J) Dt 4:24; 5:9; 6:15 Jos 24:19 (D) = אל קנוא Na 1:2; אֵל חי a living God Jos 3:10 (J) Ho 2:1 ψ 42:3; 84:3; אל צדיק Is 45:21; לא אֵל חפץ רשע ψ 5:5; לא אֵל Dt 32:21 (poet.) Is 31:3 Ez 28:2, 9; מי אל כמוךָ Mi 7:18 (cf. Ex 15:11). (e) God (the only true God, needing no article or predicate to define him) Nu 12:13 (E read אַל Di) always in poetry, Jb 5:8 + (55 times Jb), ψ 7:12; 10:11, 12; 16:1; 17:6; 19:2; 52:3, 7; 55:20; 57:3; 73:11, 17; 74:8; 77:10; 78:7, 8, 18, 19, 34, 41; 82:1; 83:2; 90:2; 104:21; 106:14, 21; 107:11; 118:27; 139:17, 23; 149:6; 150:1 Is 40:18; 43:12; 45:14, 20; 46:9 La 3:41 Ho 11:9; 12:1 Mal 1:9; עִמָּנוּאל God is with us, as name of child in prediction Is 7:14 cf. 8:8, 10.(f) Ēl, a divine name אל אלהי ישראל Gn 33:20 (E); אל אלהי הרוחת Nu 16:22 (P = יהוה אלהי חרוחת Nu 27:16); אל אלהים יהוה Jos 22:22 (P) ψ 50:1. This is probable also in the ancient poems, Nu 23:8, 19, 22, 23; 24:4, 8, 16, 23 (poet. Balaam ‖ שדּי & עליון) Dt 32:18; 33:26 (poet.) Moses ‖ צוּר & אֱלֹהֵי קֶדֶם) 2 S 22:32; 23:5 (poet. David ‖ צוּר) and in the combinations אל עליון (5 times; vid. עלאיון) & אל שדּי (10 times; vid. שַׁדַּי). †7. אֵל strength, power (on connection with I. אָלָה cf. Di Gn 1:1; 31:29) in יֶשׁ־לְאֵל יָדִי it is according to the power of my hand = it is in my power, etc. Gn 31:29 (E; sq. לְ + Inf.); בִּהְיוֹת לְאֵל יָדְ֯יךָ Pr 3:27 (sq. id.); יֶשׁ־לְאֵל יָדָם Mi 2:1 (abs.); neg. וְאֵין לְאֵל יָדֶ֑ךָ Dt 28:32 (abs.) = thou shalt be powerless, so Ne 5:5.* v. also BrockZAW xxvi (1906), 29 ff. (meaning ‘might’ very dub.: renders belongs to the god of (my) hand, supposing phrase a survival, with orig. meaning forgotten, of ancient idea, found also among other nations, of spirits conferring powers upon particular members of body).
יְהוֹשׁוּעַ, יְהוֹשֻׁעַ and (later יֵשׁוּעַ, n.pr.m. (& loc., v. 9 infr.) (י׳ is salvation, or י׳ is opulence, cf. אֱלִישָׁע, אֱלִישׁוּעַ, אֲבִישׁוּעַ, & NesSK 1892, 573 f.; in any case it came to be associated with ישׁע, cf. Mat 1:21; on יֵשׁוּעַ v. especially FräVOJ iv, 1890, 332 f. MüllSK 1892, 177 f. who cite analog. for change of וֹ to later—ֵ, & Nesl.c.)— 1. Moses’ successor, son of Nun, (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς) יְהוֹשׁוּעַ Dt 3:21 Ju 2:7; = יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Ex 17:9, 10, 13, 14; 24:13; 32:17; 33:11 Nu 11:28; 13:16; 14:6, 30, 38; 26:65; 27:18, 22; 32:12, 28; 34:17 Dt 1:38; 3:28; 31:3, 7, 14(×2), 23; 34:9 Jos 1:1 + 167 times Jos; Ju 1:1; 2:6, 7, 8, 21, 23; 1 K 16:34; 1 Ch 7:27; = יֵשׁוּעַ Ne 8:17 (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς); according to P, name changed by Moses from הוֹשֵׁעַ q.v. Nu 13:8, 16 (𝔊 Αὑση) Dt 32:44 (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς). †2. יְהוֹשֻׁעַ a Bethshemite 1 S 6:14, 18 (𝔊 Ὡσηε, A Ἰησοῦς, 𝔊L Ἰωσηε). †3. h.p. after the restoration, son of Jehozadak יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς) Hg 1:1, 12, 14; 2:2, 4; Zc 3:1, 3, 6, 8, 9; 6:11; = יֵשׁוּעַ (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς) Ezr 2:2; 3:2, 8; 4:3; 5:2; 10:18; Ne 7:7; 12:1, 7, 10, 26. †4. יְהוֹשֻׁעַ governor of Jerusalem under Josiah 2 K 23:8 (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς, 𝔊L Ἰωσηε). †5. יֵשׁוּעַ (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς) head of one of the classes of priests 1 Ch 24:11, possibly also Ezr 2:36 = Ne 7:39. †6. יֵשׁוּעַ (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς, etc.), a Levitical family-name of frequent occurrence: a. Ezr 2:40; 3:9 = Ne 7:43; 8:7; 9:4, 5; 10:10; 12:8. b. 2 Ch 31:15; Ezr 8:33; Ne 12:24. †7. יֵשׁוּעַ (𝔊 id.), father of a builder at the wall Ne 3:19, perhaps = †8. a Judaite family-name (𝔊 id.), Ezr 2:6 = Ne 7:11 (cf. SmListen 12). †9. n.pr.loc. in south of Judah Ne 11:26 בְּיֵשׁוּעַ (𝔊 ἐν Ἰησού, 𝔊L ἐν Σουα).
יוֹסֵף212 and יְהוֹסֵף (†ψ 81:6 v. Ges§ 53, 3, R. 7). n.pr.m. (he adds, increases, v. יוספיה infr.;—on n.pr. loc. in Pal. Yšap’arḁ (Egyptian form, = יוסף אל) v. MeyZAW vi, 8 WMMAsien u. Europa 162)— 1. elder son of Jacob and Rachel; a. as an inividual Gn 30:24 (name expl. v 23 (E) from אָסַף = take away, but v 24 (J) from יָסַף add) + 155 times Gn, chiefly in narrative of JE, also poem 49:22, 26 and, depenent on this, 1 Ch 5:1, 2; P only 35:24; 37:2a; 41:46(×2); 46:19, 20, 27; 47:5, 7, 11; 48:3; also Ex 1:5, 6 (P), v 8 13:19 Jos 24:32 (all E), 1 Ch 2:2 ψ 105:17. †b. as founder of a tribal division מַטֵּה יו׳ (= Manasseh) Nu 13:11; usually בְּנֵי־יו׳ 1:32 (= Ephraim), commonly = Ephraim and Manasseh 1:10; 26:28, 37; 34:23; Jos 14:4; 16:1, 4; 17:14, 16; 18:11, cf. 24:32; 1 Ch 7:29, but also of E. Jordan Israel (where half Manasseh settled) Nu 36:1 = מַטֵּה בני יו׳ v 5; cf. חֲצִי שֵׁבֶט מנשׂה בֶּן־יוֹסֵף 32:33 cf. 36:12, and Jos 17:1, 2; בֵּית יו׳ (Manasseh and Ephraim) 17:17 (so orig. v 14 according to Di), 18:5; Ju 1:22, 23, 35, occupying the great central region of Palestine; 2 S 19:21; 1 K 11:28; ultimately = c. the northern kingdom Am 5:6; Zc 10:6 (‖ בֵּית יְהוּדָה) Ob 18 (‖ בית יעקב); so יוֹסֵף alone Am 5:15; 6:6; Dt 27:12; 33:13, 16 Ez 37:16, 19; 47:13; 48:32; בְּנֵי יַעֲקֹב ויוסף ψ 77:16; אֹהֶל יוֹסֵף 78:67 (‖ שֵׁבֶט אֶפְרַיִם). d. = entire nation ψ 80:2 (‖ ישׂראל); so יְהוֹסֵף 81:6 (‖ id.) †2. a man of Issachar Nu 13:7. †3. a son of Asaph 1 Ch 25:2, 9. †4. one of those who took strange wives Ezr 10:42. †5. a priest Ne 12:14.
מוֹאָב, מֹאָב n.pr. gent. et terr. Moab (MI 1, 2, 5, 6, 12, 20 מאב; Assyrian Maʾaba, Maʾbu, Muʾâba, etc., Schr COT Gloss., and on Gn 19, 37 DlPar. 294 f., 296;—on etym. cf. LagBN 90 Anm., NeSK 1892, 573, GrayProp. N. 25);—מו׳ Gn 19:37 + 178 times; מֹאָב 2 S 8:12; 𝔊 Μωαβ;— 1. Moab as son of Lot by his elder daughter according to Gn 19:37. 2. Moab: a. = nation of which Lot’s son is represented as ancestor Gn 19:37 Nu 21:29; 22:3(×2) Am 2:1, 2 Je 48:1, 2 + 30 times Je 48 + often; having a king, Nu 21:26; 22:4, 10 Ju 3:12 1 S 12:9 +. b. = territory of Moab Nu 21:11, 13(×2), 15 +; שְׂדֵה מ׳ †Gn 36:25 Nu 15:20 Ru 1:1, 2, 6(×2), 22; 2:6; 4:3 1 Ch 1:46; 8:8; אֶרֶץ מ׳ †Dt 1:5; 28:69; 32:49; 34:5, 6 Ju 11:15, 18(×2) Je 48:24, 33; מִדְבַּר מ׳ †Dt 2:8; עַרְבוֹת מ׳ †Nu 22:1; 26:3, 63; 31:12; 33:48, 49, 50; 35:1; 36:13; Dt 34:1, 8 Jos 13:32.
אֶפְרַ֫יִם n.pr.m. Ephraim (Gn 41:52 connected with הִפְרָה, Hiph. of פרה, cf. פרא Hiph. Ho 13:15). 1. 2nd son of Joseph Gn 41:52; 46:20; reckoned among sons of Jacob, blessed by him, and given preference over Manasseh 48:1, 5, 13, 14, 17(×2) (cf. v 19) v 20(×2); 50:23 Nu 1:10 1 Ch 7:20, 22. 2. בְּנֵי אֶפְרַיִם (= descendants, tribe of E.) Nu 1:32; 2:18, 24; 7:48; 10:22; 26:35, 37 Jos 16:5, 9 (boundaries of territory), 17:8 1 Ch 9:3; 12:30(31); 27:10, 14, 20 2 Ch 28:12; less often מַטֵּה א׳ Nu 1:33; 13:8 Jos 21:5 1 Ch 6:51; מַטֵּה בְנֵי א׳ Nu 34:24 Jos 16:8 cf. 14:4; שֵׁבֶט א׳ ψ 78:67 (‖ אֹהֶל יוֹסֵף); בֵּי�� א׳ Ju 10:9; also א׳ alone, tribe Ephraim Nu 26:28 Dt 33:17 Jos 16:10 + often; א׳ וּמְנַשֶּׁה Jos 17:17 cf. Ju 12:15 (א׳ א׳ ומ׳) 2 Ch 30:10 3. הַר־אֶפְרַיִם the mountain-country of Ephraim, a ridge stretching from N. to S. through territory assigned to Ephr., with fruitful land on both slopes, especially the western (cf. Di Jos 16:1) Jos 17:15; 19:50; 20:7 Ju 2:9; 3:27; 4:5 + 26 times 4. by Ho & Is (rarely later) אֶפְרַיִם = kingdom of northern Israel (from Ephr. as largest & strongest tribe in it) Ho 4:17; 5:3(×2), 5 (‖ יִשְׂרָאֵל) v 11, 12 + 30 times Ho; Is 7:2, 5, 8, 9, 17 + 9 times Is; also Je 7:15; 31:9, 18, 20 Ez 37:16 (del. Co) v 19 ψ 78:9 2 Ch 25:7, 10 cf. 30:1 ψ 60:9 = 108:9; עָרֵי א׳ 2 Ch 17:2 cf. 34:6; שְׁדֵה א׳ Ob 19; hence א׳ alone in loc. sense 2 Ch 31:1; also Ho 5:9, where fem. (& perhaps Is 7:2). †5. יַעַר אֶפְרַיִם 2 S 18:6, E. of Jordan; 𝔊L Klo read יער מַחֲנַיִם, cf. 17:24, 27. †6. name of a city near Baal-hazor 2 S 13:23 (= Ἐφραϊμ John 11:54 & 1 Macc 11:34? Klo comp. 𝔊L Γοφραιμ & עפרון, Qr עֶפְרַיִן 2 Ch 13:19; so previously Bö Th Ke cf. Dr). †7. שַׁעַר אֶפְרַיִם a chief gate of Jerusalem 2 K 14:13 2 Ch 25:23 Ne 8:16; 12:39; perhaps at NW. angle, near Holy Sepulchre, cf. Schick-GutheZPV 1885.
אַבְרָם n.pr.m. (id., Thes al. exalted father) Abram Gn 11:26, 27 + 57 times Gn (to 17:5) + 1 Ch 1:27 Ne 9:7; = אַבְרָהָם Abraham Gn 17:5, 9, 15 + 172 times OT. (אברהם connected Gn 17:5 by word-play with הם of המון; really = אברם—רום = רהם which however is not found in Heb.—cf. Di > Hal RÉJ 1887, 177 f who proposes אֲבִר הַם גּוֹיִם cf. Gn 49:24 with Is 41:21; so that אֲבִר הָם chief of multitude is the new name of Gn 17:5 (הָם) √המה). SpiegelbergRandglossen 14 cp. Pal. n.pr. geogr. ḥḳrʾ ʾbrru = חקל אברם (c. Egyptian art. masc.), in Sheshonk list. As regards etym., Nöl.c. al. expl. as ‘the father [a divine title] is exalted’ (cf. יְהוֹרָם, מַלְכִּירָם, [אֲ]חִירָם).
בִּנְיָמִין Gn 35:18 +; usually בִּנְיָמִן n.pr.m.166 (son of (the) right hand)— 1. youngest son of Jacob, so called by him, but by Rachel, the mother, who died at Benjamin’s birth, called בֶּן־אוֹנִי (q.v.) Gn 35:18; own brother of Joseph Gn 35:24; 42:4; 43:29; 45:12; cf. 42:36; 45:15, 34 +; name of tribe of Benjamin Nu 1:11 Dt 27:12; 33:12 Ju 5:14 + 23 times Ju; 32 times S K Chr; Ho 5:8 Ez 48:23 Ob 19 ψ 68:28; 80:3; בְּנֵי בנימן (lit. Gn 46:21) of tribe Nu 1:36; 2:22; 7:60; 26:38, 41 Jos 18:20, 28 Ju 20:3, 14, 15, 18, 21, 23, 24, 28, 30, 31, 32, 36, 48; 21:13, 20, 23 2 S 2:25; 4:2; 23:29 1 Ch 8:40; 9:3, 7; 11:31; 12:17, 30 Ne 11:4, 7, 31 Je 6:1; Ju 21(×2) (but בני יהודה in ‖ Jos 15:63 cf. BuRS 7); explicitly מַטֵּה בִנְיָמִן Nu 1:37; 2:22; 13:9; 34:21 Jos 21:4 1 Ch 6:45 cf. Jos 21:17; מַטֵּה בְנֵי ב׳ Nu 10:24 Jos 18:11, 21 1 Ch 6:50; שֵׁבֶט ב׳ 1 S 10:20, 21 1 K 12:21; observe also כָּל־שִׁבְטֵי ב׳ Ju 20:12 cf. 1 S 9:21; אִישׁ בִּנְיָמִן Ju 20:41 1 S 4:12 cf. אִישׁ מִבִּן־יָ֯מִין 1 S 9:1; אֶרֶץ בִּנְיָמִן Ju 21:21 1 S 9:16 2 S 21:14 Je 1:1; 17:26; 32:44; 33:13; 37:12 cf. 32:8; גְּבוּל ב׳ 1 S 10:2 Ez 48:22 (del. Co) v 24; בֵּית בִּנְיָמִן 2 S 3:19; בֵּית יְהוּדָה וּב׳ 1 K 12:23 2 Ch 11:1; in name of a temple-gate שַׁעַר ב׳ הָעֶלְיוֹן Je 20:2 cf. 37:13; 38:7 Ez 48:32 Zc 14:10. †2. a son of Bilhan and great-grandson of Benjamin 1. 1 Ch 7:10. †3. a Jew of Ezra’s time Ezr 10:32 cf. Ne 3:23; 12:34—בנימן בני קרץ 1 Ch 9:4 Kt read with Qr בָּנִי מִן־בְּנֵי פ׳.
Παῦλος, -ου, ὁ (Lat. Paulus), __1. Sergius Paulus: Act.13:7. __2. the Apostle Paul (cf. Σαῦλος): Act.13:9, and frequently throughout Ac., Rom.1:1, 1Co.1:1, al., 2Pe.3:15. (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
πέτρος, ὁ (in later Poets ἡ, Refs 3rd c.BC+, stone (distinguished from πέτρα, which see); in Refs 8th c.BC+, used by warriors, λάζετο πέτρον μάρμαρον ὀκριόεντα Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐν πέτροισι πέτρον ἐκτρίβων, to produce fire, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a boulder forming a landmark, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __2 proverbial, πάντα κινῆσαι πέτρον 'leave no stone unturned', Refs 5th c.BC+; of imperturbability, καὶ γὰρ ἂν πέτρου φύσιν σύ γ᾽ ὀργάνειας Refs 5th c.BC+ __II a kind of reed, Refs —The usual Prose word is λίθος.
צִיּוֹן154 n.pr.loc. Σ(ε)ιων; Ṣîyyôn, Zion (Syriac ܨܶܗܝܘܿܢ, older form, according to LagBN 84, cf. 198);—צ׳ 2 S 5:7 +; צִיּו֫נָה Je 4:6;—stronghold (of Jebusites), מְצֻדַת צ׳ captured by David, and made his residence 2 S 5:7 = 1 Ch 11:5 (both + הִיא עִיר דָּוִד), on S. part of E. hill of Jerusalem, distinct from site of temple 1 K 8:1 = 2 Ch 5:2 (both מֵעִיר ד׳ הִיא צ׳), not elsewhere in narrative, but often in poets and proph.: as name of Jerus., from political point of view (sometimes = inhabitants), Am 6:7 (‖ הַר־שֹׁמְרוֹן), ‖ יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Mi 3:10, 12 = Je 26:18; Is 4:3; 30:19; 40:9; 41:27; 52:1; 62:1; 64:9 Zp 3:16; Zc 1:14, 17 ψ 51:20 and (בַּת־צ׳) Is 52:2; Mi 4:8 (‖ בַּת־יְרוּשׁ׳), La 2:13 (‖ id.), also (יוֹשֶׁבֶת צ׳) Je 51:35; = Jerus. also Is 14:32; 33:5 +, so especially in phr. בְּנוֹת צ׳ Is 3:16, 17; 4:4; Ct 3:11, בְּנֵי צ׳ La 4:2; Jo 2:23 ψ 149:2 (‖ יִשְׂרָאֵל), cf. Zc 9:13, יָֽלְדָה צ׳ אֶת־בָּנֶיהָ Is 66:8, and even הַר־צ׳ 2 K 19:31 = Is 37:32 (both ‖ יְרוּשׁ׳), Is 29:8 (‖ אֲרִיאֵל v 7), Ob 17, 21 ψ 48:12 (‖ בְּנוֹת יֶהוֹדָה), 125:1; so also הַר־בַּת צ׳ Is 16:1 and 10:32 Qr (Kt בית: ‖ גִּבְעַת־יְרוּשׁ׳); cf. מְרוֹם־צ׳ Je 31:12; in foll. הַר־צ׳ might refer to temple-hill Is 10:12 (+ יְרוּשׁ׳), 31:4 (+ גִּבְעָתָהּ = יְרוּשׁ׳ v 5), La 5:18; Jo 3:5 (+ יְרוּשׁ׳); specif. of Jerus. as abode of י׳ and place of his worship Am 1:2; Is 31:9; Zc 8:3; Mi 4:2 = Is 2:3; Jo 4:16 ψ 102:22; 135:21; 147:12 (all ‖ יְרוּשׁ׳), 76:3 (‖ שָׁלֵם); partic. of sanctuary 20:3 (‖ קֹדֶשׁ), 14:7 = 53:7 +; of Jerus. הַר־צ׳ ψ 48:3 (‖ קִרְיַת מֶלֶךְ רָ֑ב), 78:68 (‖ שֵׁבֶט יְהוּדָה), Is 24:23 (‖ יְרוּשׁ׳), etc.; הַרֲרֵי צ׳ in same sense †ψ 133:3; particularly of sanctuary Is 4:5 and (‖ הַר־קָדְשִׁי) Jo 2:1; 4:17; צ׳ הַר־קָדְשִׁי ψ 2:6 is seat of king.—Vid. also בַּת־צ׳, הַר־צ׳, ישֶׁבֶת צ׳, sub בַּת, הַר, יָשַׁב.
אַשּׁוּר n.pr.gent. & terr. Asshur, Assyria (Assyrian Aššur, land & cityDlPa 252 COT on Gn 2:14; Pers. Athura Syriac ܐܳܬܘܽܪ on the connection with name of god Ašur, & with √ אשׁר = ��שׁר good, gracious, cf. COTl.c.; v. also JenZA. 1886, 1 f. Schr ib. 209 f. Nöib. 268 f.) 1. Asshur as person, 2nd son of Shem Gn 10:22 (P, in table of nations) 1 Ch 1:17. 2. people of Asshur (often as invading army & even world-power) Nu 24:22, 24 (poem of Balaam) Ho 12:2; 14:4 Is 10:5; 14:25; 19:23(×2), 24, 25; 23:13; 30:31; 31:8; 52:4 La 5:6; Ez 23:5; 27:23; 32:22 (here fem.) Zc 10:11; ψ 83:9 perhaps read גְּשׁוּר, cf. 2 S 2:9 sub אֲשׁוּרִי; or (if ψ 83 be late) regard אַשּׁוּר (like עֲמָלֵק ib.) as used because of ancient significance; sometimes personified as one Is 10:5 Ez 31:3 (but del. Co q.v.), cf. also Mi 5:4, 5 Zp 2:13; מַחֲנֵה א׳ 2 K 19:25 = Is 37:36; בְּנֵי א׳ Ez 16:28; 23:7, 9, 12, 23. 3. land of Assyria Gn 2:14; 10:11 Ho 5:13; 7:11; 8:9; 9:3; 10:6 Is 11:11, 16; 19:23 Je 2:18, 36 Mi 7:12 Zc 10:10; אַשּׁ֫וּרָה Gn 25:18 Is 19:23 2 K 15:29; 17:6, 23; 18:11; אֶרֶץ אַשּׁוּר Is 7:18; 27:13 Ho 11:11 Mi 5:5. 4. especially מֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר Is 8:4; 10:12; 20:1, 4, 6 (prob. gloss Is 7:17, 20; 8:7) 2 K 15:19 + 41 times 2 K; 14 times Is 36–38; 1 Ch 5:6 (אַשֻּׁר) + 13 times Ch; also Je 50:17, 18 Na 3:18 Ezr 4:2; (only Ezr 6:22 of Persian or any king not strictly Assyrian); note also הַמֶּלֶךְ א׳ Is 36:8, 16 (א׳ perhaps gloss, cf. Di who holds same view as to 2 K 18:23, 31); מַלְכֵי א׳ 2 K 19:11, 17 = Is 37:11, 18 2 Ch 28:16; 30:6 Ne 9:32.
יִרְמְיָ֫ה(וּ)147 n.pr.m. (? י׳ looseneth, sc. the womb? cf. Assyrian ša kirimmaša rummû, whose womb is loosened DlHWB 623);— 1. 136 proph., son of Ḥilḳiah, of priestly family in ʿAnathôth: יִרְמְיָ֫הוּ Je 1:1, 11; 29:27; 36:1, 4(×2) + 116 times Je, + 2 Ch 35:25; 36:12, 21, 22 (יר׳ הַנָּבִיא Je 21:2 + often); -יָה Je 27:1; 28:5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 15; 29:1 Ezr 1:1; Dn 9:2; Ἰερεμίας. †2. יִרְמְיָ֫הוּ, of Libnah, father of Josiah’s wife, 2 K 23:31; 24:18 = Je 52:1, Ἰερεμίας. †3. -יָ֫הוּ Gadite, David’s time 1 Ch 12:13, Ιερεμεια, 𝔊L Ιεραμαου. The foll. all -יָה, 𝔊 Ἰερεμία(ς), Ἰερμία(ς), etc.: †4. Manassite 1 Ch 5:24. †5. Benjamite 12:4. †6. Gadite 12:10. †7. a. priestly name: Ne 12:1, 2. b. Ne 10:3, perhaps = 12:34.
מְנַשֶּׁה136 n.pr.m. et trib. Manasseh (interpr. Gn 41:51 as Pi. causat. √II. נשׁה q.v.);—מ׳ Gn 46:20 +; מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה 41:51 + (on Ju 18:30 v. מֹשֶׁה); c. art. (strangely), הַמְֿ׳ Dt 7:13 Jos 1:12 + (v. infr.); 𝔊 Μαν(ν)ασση;— 1. †a. Manasseh, eldest son of Joseph Gn 41:51; 48:1, 13, 14(×2), 17, 20(×2), also 50:23 (father of Machir; all E), 46:20; 48:5 (both P). b. of tribe, often + Ephraim (v. אֶפְרַיִם): (1) the part W. of Jordan: †a. בְּנֵי מ׳ Jos 16:9; 17:2a (בני־מ׳ הַנּוֹתָרִים), v 2 b, 6, 12 (all JE), 1 Ch 7:29; 9:3 (בְּנֵי אֶפְרַיִם וּמ׳; Jos 13:29 v. infr.); β. מ׳ alone, Jos 17:5, 8(×2), 9b, 11, 17 Dt 34:2 (אֶרֶץ אֶפְרַיִם וּמ׳; all JE), 2 Ch 30:10 (id.), Jos 16:4; 17:7, 9a, 10 (all P), also appar. Dt 33:17 (poem), Ju 1:27; 6:15, 35; 7:23 Is 9:20(×2) ψ 80:3 + 10 times Chr; †γ. מַטֵּה מ׳ 1 Ch 6:55; חֲצִי מַטֵּה מ׳ Jos 21:6, 25 1 Ch 12:32; (van d. H. v 31); מַחֲצִית מַטֵּה חֲצִי מ׳ 6:46 (but on text v. Kit); שְׁנֵי מַטּוֹת מ׳ וְאֶפְרַיִם Jos 14:4 (P); †δ. חֲצִי שֵׁבֶט מ׳ 1 Ch 27:20; c. art. הַשֵּׁבֶט הַמְֿ׳ Jos 13:7 (D). †(2) of Manasseh E. of Jordan; a. בְּנֵי מ׳ Jos 22:30, 31 (P); β. מ׳ alone, Ju 11:29 (distinctly of territory), 12:4 (but on text v. GFM), ψ 60:9=108:9; חֲצִי הַמּ׳ 1 Ch 27:21; γ. מַטֵּה מ׳ Jos 17:1a; 20:8 (both P), 1 Ch 6:47; הֲצִי מַטֵּה מ׳ Jos 22:1 (D), Nu 34:14 Jos 21:5, 27 (all P), 1 Ch 6:56; חֲצִי מַטֵּה כְּנֵי מ׳ Jos 13:29 (P); δ. חֲצִי שֵׁבֶט מ׳ Dt 3:13 (D), Jos 13:29; 22:13, 15 (all P), 1 Ch 5:18, 23, 26; 12:38 (van d. H. v 37); הֲצִי שֵׁבֶט מ׳ בֶּן־יוֹסֵף Nu 32:33 (P); c. art. חֲצִי שֵׁבֶט הַמְֿ׳ Jos 1:12; 4:12; 12:6; 18:7; 22:1, 7 (all D), 22:9, 10, 11, 21 (all P). Here belong also (chiefly) reff. to מ׳ as father of Machir (cf. Gn 50:23 supr.): †Nu 27:1; 32:39, 40; 36:1 Jos 13:31; 17:1, 3; (all P), 1 Ch 7:14, 17; and of Jair Dt 3:14 (D), Nu 32:41 (P), 1 K 4:13 (cf. מָכִיר" dir="rtl" >מָכִיר, יָאִיר" dir="rtl" >יָאִיר. †(3) of undivided tribe (never שֵׁבֶט מ׳): a. בְּנֵי מ׳ Nu 1:34; 2:20; 7:54; 26:29; 36:12 (all P); β. מ׳ alone, Nu 1:10; 26:28, 34; 27:1b (all P), Ez 48:4, 5; γ. מַטֵּה מ׳ Nu 1:35; 2:20; 13:11, מַטֵּה בְּנֵי מ׳ Nu 10:23; 34:23 (all P). 2. son of Hezekiah, and king of Judah (Assyrian Menasê, Minsê SchrCOT 2 K 21, 1);—2 K 20:21; 20:21 + 9 times Kings, 12 times Chr, Je 15:4. †3. two who had taken strange wives: a. Ezr 10:30. b. 10:33.
יוֹאָב n.pr.m. (י׳ is father; cf. אֲבִיָּהוּ, אֱלִיאָב, אֲבִיאֵל & reff.)— 1. David’s sister’s son & captain of his host (𝔊 Ἰωαβ) 1 S 26:6; 2 S 2:13 + 100 times 2 S (also 2 S 20:6 for MT אֲבִישַׁי cf. 𝔖 We Dr); 1 K 1:7 + 14 times 1 K.; 1 Ch 2:16 + 22 times 1 Ch; ψ 60:2. †2. a descendant of Judah 1 Ch 4:14 (but 𝔊B 𝔊L Ἰωβαβ). †3. a familyname after the exile Ezr 2:6 = Ne 7:11 (𝔊 Ἰωβαβ, Ἰωαβ) Ezr 8:9 (𝔊 Ἰωαβ).
שְׁמוּאֵל140 n.pr.m. Samuel (= name of Ēl Thes al. (or, his name is Ēl HomHeb. Trad. 98 f. WklKAT3 225 Now 1 S 1:20), cf. פְּנוּאֵל, רְעוּאֵל; v. Dr 1 S 1:20; PrätZMG 1903, 777 ff. caritative from יִשְׁמָעֵאל; Palm. שמואל Lzb 377; v. further GieAT1 Schätzung d. Gottesn. (1901), 102 ff.);— 1. great prophet, 11th cent. b.c., Σαμουηλ: 1 S 1:20 (name expl. as if from שָׁאַל), 1:18, 21, 26 + 125 times 1 S, 1 Ch 6:13, 18; 9:22; 11:3; 26:28; 29:29; 2 Ch 35:18; Je 15:1 ψ 99:6. †2. in Simeon, Nu 34:20 (P), Σαλαμιηλ. †3. in Issachar 1 Ch 7:2, (Ι)σαμουηλ.
Ἰωάνης (Rec. ννης, which see; cf. Dalman, Gr., 142; Tdf., Pr., 79; WH, App., 159; Bl., §3, 10; 10, 2), -ου, dative, -ῃ (but in Mat.11:4. Luk.7:18, 22 Rev.1:1, ει), accusative, -ην, ὁ (Heb. יוֹחָנָן, LXX: Ἰωανάν, 2Ch.23:1, al.; -ννάν, Je 47 (40):8, al., Aq.), Hellenized form of Ἰωανάν, John ( I Est.8:38(41)*), viz., __1. John the Baptist: Mat.3:1, al. __2. John the Apostle, son of Zebedee: Mat.4:21, Mrk.1:19, Luk.5:10, Act.1:13, al. __3. The father of St. Peter: Jhn.1:43 21:15-17. __4. John surnamed Mark: Act.12:12, 25 13:5, 13 15:37. __5. The writer of the Apocalypse, traditionally identified with 2: Rev.1:1, 4 9. Ἰωάννης (D, Ἰωνάθας; see MM, Exp., XV; Bl., §10, 2), ὁ, John: Act.4:6 13:5, Tr., WH, Rev.22:8 (cf. Ἰωάνης).† (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
† גִּלְעָד n.pr.loc. of mountain-range or hill-country, land & city, E. of Jordan (cf. Arabic جَلْعَدٌ durus, fortis Frey, so Thes; HiGesch. Isr. 26 comp. same √ used of camel (جَلْعَادٌ camelus robustus ac firmus, cf. HomNS 144), whence camel hump, orig. name of mt)—ג׳ Gn 37:25 + 79 times (mostly as n.pr.m. and in combin. with other n.pr.loc. cf. infr.); הַגּ׳ Gn 31:21 + 50 times (so usually as name of mt. and land); גִּלְעָ֫דָה Nu 32:39 1 Ch 27:21; הִגְּלְעָ֫דָה 2 S 24:6;—Gilead, used of territory between the Arnon and the Jabboḳ, mod. Belḳa; also of that between the Jabboḳ and the Jarmuk, mod. Jebel Ajlûn; also of the entire E.-Jordan land occupied by Israel, including both the parts just named (cf. Di Gn 31:54 Stu Ju 10:4; BdPal. 178; also L. OliphantLand of Gilead, 1880);— 1. territory S. of Jabboḳ, a. אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ Nu 32:29 (P), אֶרֶץ ג׳ v1 (JE), both connected with Reuben and Gad; so חֲצִי הַר הַגּ׳ Dt 3:12; אֶרֶץ ג׳ also 1 Ch 5:9 (of Reuben); 1 K 4:19 (of Sihon and Og); cf. אֶרֶץ גַּד וְג׳ 1 S 13:7; further, b. הַגּ׳ alone, Ju 10:17 (or possibly here name of city?), 11:29 (prob.); also 1 Ch 5:10 (of Reuben) v 16 (of Gad); cf. חֲצִי הַגּ׳ וְעַד יַבֹּק Jos 12:2 (of Sihon), so v 5 (both D); c. similarly ג׳ alone (without art.) in poet. ψ 60:9 (‖ Manasseh) = 108:9; but also in prose in phrases שָׂרֵי ג׳ Ju 10:18, ישְׁבֵי ג׳ v 18 11:8, זִקְנֵי ג׳ Ju 11:5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, אַנְשֵׁי ג׳ Ju 12:4(×2), 5; cf. also d. עָרֵי הַגּ׳ Nu 32:26 (JE; of Reuben and Gad); so of Jephthah’s burial-place Ju 12:7; even כָּל־עָרֵי הַגּ׳ Jos 13:25 (P; of Gad); besides these, of particular cities, especially רָאמֹת בַּגּ׳ Dt 4:43 (of Gad); cf. רָאמוֹת בַּגּ׳ Jos 20:8 (P), 1 Ch 6:65 (of Gad), and רָמֹת בַּגּ׳ Jos 21:38 (P); usually רָמֹת ג׳ 1 K 4:13; 22:3, 4, 6, 12, 15, 20, 29 = 2 Ch 18:2, 3, 5, 11, 14, 19, 28; 2 K 8:28; 9:1, 4, 14 2 Ch 22:5; also מִצְפֵּה ג׳ Ju 11:29(×2); further יַעְזֵיר ג׳ 1 Ch 26:31. 2. Northern Gilead, a. אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ Jos 17:5, 6 (JE; of Manasseh) cf. Ju 10:4 1 Ch 2:22 (both of Jair); הַר הַגּ׳ Gn 31:21, 23, 25 (E); prob. also הַר ג׳ (no art.) Ct 4:1 (cf. 6:5 infr.). b. הַגּ׳ alone Nu 32:40 (JE; of Machir) Jos 17:1 (JE; id.) cf. 13:11 (D) Dt 2:36 1 K 4:13 (of Jair); Dt 3:15, 16 (boundary of Reuben and Gad); prob. also Ct 6:5 (cf. 4:1 supr.); cf. יֶתֶר הַגּ׳ Dt 3:13; & חֲצִי הַגּ׳ Jos 13:31 (P; of Machir); הַגִּלְעָ֫דָה 2 S 24:6 (prob.); cf. also c. ג׳ (no art.) prob. Je 8:22; 46:11 (in both ref. to צֳרִי balm, prob. from the wooded Northern Gilead); similarly 22:6; and גִּלְעָ֫דָה 1 Ch 27:21, also Nu 32:39 (JE; of Machir). d. in combination יָבֵשׁ ג׳ (city) Ju 21:8, 9, 10, 12, 14 1 S 11:1, 9 (‖ יָבֵשׁ alone) 31:11 (‖ id.) = 1 Ch 10:11 2 S 2:4, 5; 21:12; perhaps also (מִ)תִּשְׁבֵּה ג׳ 1 K 17:1 (emend., after 𝔊, Ew Th al. see VB);—cf. further sub 6. n.pr.m. infr.—Ju 7:3 וְיִצְפֹּר מֵהַר הַגּ׳ and let him depart from Mt. Gilead, appar. belongs here, but מֵהַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ is read by Cler Hi Gr Ke Be; against this cf. Stu BuRS 112. 3. more generally, of all Gilead, a. אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ Jos 22:9, 13, 15, 32 (P; of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh; opp. land of Canaan); cf. 2 S 17:26; so כָּל־אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ 2 K 10:33. b. אֶרֶץ ג׳ (no art.) Zc 10:10; cf. הַר אֶפְרַיִם וְג׳ Je 50:19 (‖ Carmel and Bashan); ג׳ alone, also Gn 37:25; likewise Mi 7:14 (‖ Carmel & Bashan, reference to fertility). c. הַגּ׳ alone, of Isr. territ. in gen. E. of Jordan, Ju 10:8; cf. 2 S 2:9 2 K 10:33 (of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh); כָּל־הַגּ׳ Dt 3:10; אֶת־כָּל־הָאָרֶץ אֶת־הַגּ׳ Dt 34:1; הַגּ׳ also in general sense Ez 47:18 2 K 15:29(?) Ob 19. 4. ג׳, name of a city Ho 6:8 (& Ju 10:17? cf. 1 a. supr.);—on the ruined cities Jilʿâd, Jilʿaud on the Jebel Jilʿâd, N. of Es-Salṭ, and S. of Jabboḳ v. Di Gn 31:54 & reff. 5. אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ of Israelites living E. of Jordan (as a whole) Ju 20:1; הַגּ׳ of people of Gilead Am 1:3, 13; so ג׳ Ju 5:17 (= גַּד), 12:4, 5 (‖ אַנְשֵׁי ג׳ v 4(×2), 5) Ho 12:12. Cf. also גִּלְעָדִי" dir="rtl" >גִּלְעָדִי infr. 6. treated as n.pr.m. a. ג׳, son of Machir & grandson of Manasseh Nu 26:29(×2), 30; 27:1; 36:1 Jos 17:3 (all P) 1 Ch 2:21, 23; 7:14, 17; once הַגּ׳ Jos 17:1 (JE) cf. Di;—ref. in all these to Northern Gilead. b. father of Jephthah Ju 11:1, 2;—ref. to Gad (cf. supr. especially sub 5). c. 1 Ch 5:14 (a Gadite).
אֲרָם149 n.pr.m. Aram (Assyrian Aramu, etc., v. DlPa 257; Thes al. proposes √ארם = רום but cf. Nö as below)— 1. 5th son of Shem Gn 10:22, 23; 1 Ch 1:17. 2. grandson of Nahor Gn 22:21. 3. 1 Ch 2:23. 4. a descendant of Asher 1 Ch 7:34.—Elsewhere only of Aramæan people & land (= 1 supr.), f. 2 S 8:5 m. 2 S 10:14. a. people, sg. coll. = the Aramæans, a leading branch of the Shemitic stock inhabiting Mesopotamia & northern Syria, in many tribes & settlements; 2 S 8:5(×2), 6 + 1 K 20:20, 21 + 1 Ch 19:10, 12 + (64 times S K Ch) Am 9:7 Is 7:2, 4, 5, 8; 9:11; 17:3 Je 35:11; so Ez 16:57; 27:16, but Co in both אדום; עַם אֲרָם Am 1:5; of particular divisions of Aramaic, א׳ בית רְחוֹב 2 S 10:6, א׳ צוֹבָא 2 S 10:6, 8 ψ 60:2 (title), א׳ דַּמֶּשֶׂק 2 S 8:5 cf. 1 Ch 18:5, even א׳ נַהֲרַיִם ψ 60:2 (title); (note that Assyrian never gives name Aramu to people W. of Euphrates, but Chatti instead, with other particular names, COT Gn 10:22, also Dl l.c.); on 2 S 8:12, 13 1 Ch 18:11 v. אֱדוֹם" dir="rtl" >אֱדוֹם. b. less often clearly of land, Aramaic Nu 23:7 2 S 15:8 + 2 Ch 20:2 (read however here אדום Thes Add al.), שְׂדֵה א׳ Ho 12:13; also of particular divisions of the territory א׳ נַהֲרַיִם ‘Mesopotamia,’ i.e. prob. land between Euphrates & Chaboras, so Di after Kiep, Gn 24:10; Dt 23:5; Ju 3:8 (cf. ψ 60:2 supr.); cf. פַּדַּן א׳ Paddan-Aram Gn 25:20; 31:18; 33:18; 35:9, 26; 46:15, פַּדֶּ֫נָה א׳ 28:2, 5, 6, 7 v. פַּדָּן" dir="rtl" >פדן; א׳ דַּמֶּשֶׂק 2 S 8:6 cf. 1 Ch 18:6. c. often indeterminate, especially in מֶלֶךְ א׳ etc., perhaps primarily land but often including people: so Ju 2:10; 10:6 (אֱלֹהֵי א׳) 1 K 10:29 + 2 Ch 1:17 + (41 times K & Ch) Is 7:1.—(Cf. especially NöSchenkel BL, ZMG 1871, 113; Hermes v. 3, 443 f. DlPa 257.)
חִזְקִיָּ֫הוּ, חִזְקִיָּה, יְחִזְקִיָּ֫הוּ, יְחִזְקִיָּה n.pr.m. (י׳ hath strengthened, י׳ strengtheneth; = Assyrian Ḫazaḳi(i)au, Schr COT on 2 K 18:1 ff., Jäger BAS i, 469; cf. n.pr. יחזק on seal Gann JAs 1883 Feb.–Mar., 134 No. 7;—on format. v. LagBN 134)— 1. 𝔊 Εζεκιας, son of Ahaz, King of Judah, seldom †חִזְקִיָּה 2 K 18:1, 10, 14(×2), 15, 16(×2), also אַנְשֵׁי ח׳ Pr 25:1 †; elsewhere in 2 K (except 20:10) חִזְקִיָּהוּ: 16:20; 18:9 + 34 times, 2 K 18–21 ‖ Is 36:1 + 31 times, Is 36–39; also †Je 26:18, 19 1 Ch 3:13 2 Ch 29:18, 27; 30:24; 32:15; in Ch usually יְחִזְקִיָּהוּ 1 Ch 4:41 2 Ch 28:27 + 35 times 2 Ch 29–33; also 2 K 20:10 Je 15:4, and in title Is 1:1; †יִחִזְקִיָּה Ho 1:1 Mi 1:1 †(if י in these three be not textual error for וְ). †2. חִזְקִיָּה great-great-grandfather of proph. Zephaniah Zp 1:1, 𝔊 τοῦ Εζεκιου, perhaps = 1. †3. 𝔊 Εζεκια(ς), חִזְקִיָּה man of royal Davidic line 1 Ch 3:23 prob. near time of Chr. †4. יְחִזְקִיָּה, 𝔊 Εζεκια(ς), head of a family of returned exiles Ezr 2:16 = חִזְקִיָּה Ne 7:21, cf. also ח׳ Ne 10:18. †5. יְחִזְקִיָּהוּ 𝔊 Εζεκιας, an Ephraimite, Ahaz’s time 2 Ch 28:12.
אֲבִישָׁלוֹם n.pr.m. (my father is peace; according to LagBN 75 = (בֶּן)אֲבֶן + שָׁלֹם, cf. 𝔊 Ἀβεσσαλωμ)—א׳ †1 K 15:2, 10 = אַבְשָׁלוֹם 2 S 3:3 +, 2 Ch 11:20, 21, אַבְשָׁלֹם 2 S 13:4 +— 1. Rehob.’s father-in-law †1 K 15:2, 10 2 Ch 11:20, 21. 2. 3rd son of Dvd 2 S 3:3; 13:1 + 90 times 2 S (insert 2 S 13:27 𝔊 Th We cf. Dr; del. v 38 Dr cf. We), + †1 K 1:6; 2:7, 2 1 Ch 3:2 ψ 3:1.
יִצְחָק108, יִשְׂחָק, n.pr.m. Ισαακ: Isaac, son of Abr. and Sarah (he laugheth, cf. play upon name Gn 18:12 f. (J), 21:6 (E), 17:17, 19 (P); 26:8 (J));—יִצְּחָק Gn 21:3, 4, 5 (E) +, 24:62, 63, 67 (J) +, 17:19, 21 (P) +, (80 times Gn, 9 times Ex, 7 times Dt), Lv 26:42; Nu 32:11; Jos 24:3, 4; 1 K 18:36; 2 Ch 13:23; 1 Ch 1:28, 34(×2); 16:16; 29:18; 2 Ch 30:6; †יִשְׂחָק Je 33:26 ψ 105:9, and (= Israel) בָּמוֹת יִשְׂחָק Am 7:9, בֵּית יִשְׂחָק v 16.
עַמּוֹן106 n. pr. gent. Ammon, 𝔊 Αμμαν, Αμμων (Assyrian Bît Ammanu COTGloss.);—always (except 1 S 11:11 [where however 𝔊 reads בְּנֵי ע׳], ψ 83:8, which have ע׳ alone) בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן, connected by J with בֶּן־עַמִּי son of Lot Gn 19:38 (and meaning of name doubtless sought herein by J; cf. ii. עַם); people apparently akin to Isr., but usually hostile, dwelling E. of Jordan, NE. of Moab, between Arnon and Jabbok: Nu 21:24(×2) (JE), Dt 2:19(×2), 37; 3:11, 16; Jos 12:2; 13:10 (D), v 25 (P), Ju 3:13; 10:6 + 25 times Ju 10–12; 1 S 11:11; 12:12; 14:47; 2 S 8:12; 10:1 + 14 times 2 S 10–12, 17:27; 1 K 11:7, 33; 2 K 23:13; 24:2; 1 Ch 18:11 + 20 times Ch, Am 1:13; Is 11:14; Je 9:25 + 9 times Je, Zp 2:8, 9; Ez 21:25, 33 + 5 times Ez 25; Dn 11:41.—Vid. CheAmmon in Ency. Bib.
יָֽרָבְעָם104 n.pr.m. Jeroboam, Ιεροβοαμ (prob. = יָרֹב + עַם the people increaseth Thes Kit 1 K 11:26 al.; cf. also GrayProp. N. 59; Ency. Bib. i. 139 f.; > √ ריב the people contendeth, or (the god) ʿAmm contendeth NbrStud. Bib. i. 225, cf. CheJQ. July, 1899, 559; Ency. Bib.);— 1. 90 (K Ch), leader of revolt of N. Isr. (10th cent.), and first king 1 K 11:26; 12:2(×2), 20, etc., ‖ 2 Ch 10:2(×2), 3, 12, etc., 1 K 13:1, 4, 33 +; (specif. יר׳ בֶּן־נְבָט 1 K 11:26 + 23 times); in later times (under Deut. infl.) as sinful and author of Isr.’s sin 1 K 15:30; 16:2, 7, 19, 26, 31 + 15 times †2. son of Jehoash of N. Isr. (8th cent.) and 13th king 2 K 13:13; 14:16, 23, 27, 28, 29; 15:1, 8; Ho 1:1; Am 1:1; 7:9, 10, 11; prob. also 1 Ch 5:17.
אֱדוֹם (†אֱדֹם Ez 25:14) n.pr.m. 1. Edom (name of a god? v. StaG.1, 121 RSSem 43; vid. n.pr. עבדאדם; but BaeRel 10 thinks dial. var. of אָדָם, בני אדום = בְנֵי אָדָם) = Esau, elderson of Isaac Gn 25:30 (J) (where etym. = red, cf. v 25 (E?) & sub אַדְמוֹנִי) 36:1, 8, 19 (P). 2. coll. (m. but f. Mal 1:4) Edomites, Idumeans as descend. of Esau Gn 36:9, 43 (P); also 1 S 14:47 + 31 textual + 2 S 8:13 (for MT ארם; 𝔊𝔖, v. 1 Ch 18:12 ψ 60:2, We Dr); perh. also v 12 (𝔊𝔖 1 Ch 18:11; MT ארם but v. We Dr); also 2 Ch 20:2 (v. Be); א׳ = king of Edom Nu 20:18, 20, 21; poet. בְּנֵי א׳ ψ 137:7 בַּת א׳ La 4:21, 22. v. now F BuhlGesch. Edomiter (1893). 3. land of Edom, Idumaea (f. Ez 32:29; 35:15 and 36:5) S. & SE. of Pal. Gn 36:32, 43 + 32 textual (incl. שְׂדֵה א׳ Gn 32:4; אֶרֶץ א׳ Gn 36:16, 17, 21, 31 Nu 20:23 21:4 33:37 +);—uncertain whether 2 or 3 are Ex 15:15 Nu 20:14; 24:18 + 9 textual (chiefly in מֶלֶךְ א׳ etc.)
עֵשָׂו97 n.pr.m. Esau, Ησαυ;—Esau, elder son of Isaac Gn 25:25, 26 + 7 times 25, 26:34; 27:1 + 24 times 27, 28; 32:4 + 15 times 32, 33, 35; Jos 24:4(×2) Mal 1:2, 3; 1 Ch 1:34; identif. with אֱדוֹם Gn 36:1, 8, 19, ancestor of Edomites v 9, 43, cf. 1 Ch 1:35; dwelling in Mt. Seir Gn 36:8 (25 times in all, Gn 36) Dt 2:5; Jos 24:4; בְּנֵי עֵשָׂו = Edomites Dt 2:4, 8, 12, 22, 29; עֵשָׂו = Edom Je 49:8; Ob 6, בֵּית עֵשָׂו v 18(×2), הַר עֵשָׂו v 8, 9, 19, 21.
אַחְאָב91 n.pr.m. Ahab (father’s brother; = אחיאב NöZMG 1886, 172, Ἀχίαβος was a nephew of Herod.; cf. like name in Syriac, given ob maximum cum patre suo similitudinem, Bar HebræusChron. Ecclesiast. ii. 23 cf. LCB 1879, 1339. In many cases, however, the meaning of n.pr. comp. with אח is dub., & perfect consistency, especially in comparison with cpds. of אָב, seems impossible; cf. rem. sub אביאל, and further WeSkizzen, iii. 1 f, DlPr. cap. vi)—אַחְאָב 1 K 16:28 +; וּכְאֶחָב Je 29:22— 1. son of Omri, king of Isr. 1 K 16:28, 29; 18:1, 2, 3; 20:2, 13, 14 + 41 times 1 K, 27 times 2 K, 14 times 2 Ch; Mi 6:16. †2. false prophet, time of Jerem. Je 29:21, 22.
† עֹז and (rarely) עוֹז n.m. strength, might;—abs. ע׳ Ju 9:51 +, עוֹז ψ 84:6 +, עָז־ Is 26:1, once עָ֑ז Gn 49:3; cstr. עֹז Mi 5:3 +, עָז־ ψ 28:8; sf. עָזִּי Ex 15:2 + 2 times, עֻזִּי ψ 28:7 +; עָזְּךָ 21:2 + 2 times, עֻזְּךָ 66:3 +; sf. 1 pl. עוּזֵנוּ 81:2; 3 mpl. עֻזָּמוֹ 89:18 etc.;—strength, might (usually poet., 44 times ψψ): 1. material and physical, מִגְדַּל־עֹז Ju 9:51, and fig. (of י׳), ψ 61:4 Pr 18:10, מַחֲסִי־עֹז ψ 71:7, cf. עִיר עָז־לָנוּ Is 26:1, קִרְיַת־עֹז Pr 18:19 (sim.), 10:15 = 18:11 (fig.); עֹז טִבְטֶחָ֑ה Pr 21:22 (of a city, read poss. מעוז Toy); צוּר עֻזִּי ψ 62:8 (fig.); מְרוֹם עֻזָּהּ Je 51:53 (of Bab.), מַצְּבוֹת עֻזֵּךְ Ez 26:11 (of Tyre), cf. ψ 30:8 (reading לְהַרְרֵי־עֹז 𝔗 Hup Che Kau We; but no obj. for vb.; Gie in Bae proposes הָעֳמַדְתִּי for הֶעֱמַדְתָּה); רְקִיעַ עֻזּוֹ ψ 150:1 his mighty firmament (De Hup Kau al.; Ki AV RV Che the f. of his power, where his power dwells); בְּכָל־עֹז with all one’s might 2 S 6:14 = 1 Ch 13:8, + 2 Ch 30:21 (where so read, for MT כְּלֵי עֹז, Kau Kit cf. Be Oettli); בְּעוֹז Pr 31:17, 25; abstr. for concr. Ju 5:21 si vera l., but prob. crpt., cf. GFM Bu; of crocodile Jb 41:14; קוֹל עֹז ψ 68:34 a mighty voice; זְרוֹעַ עֻזּוֹ = his mighty arm (fig. of י׳) Is 62:8, cf. 51:9 ψ 89:11 Jb 26:2, גֶּשֶׁם מִטְרוֹת עֻזּוֹ Jb 37:6; מַטֵּה־עֹז, fig. of political power Je 48:17 (‖ מַקֵּל תִּפְאָרָה), Ez 19:11, 12, 14 (vine-branches, in fig.), ψ 110:2. 2. personal, social, and political: a. Am 3:11, גְּאוֹן ע׳ Lv 26:19 (H), Ez 24:21; 30:6, 18; 33:28. b. bestowed by י׳, 1 S 2:10 (song), ψ 29:11; 68:36; 86:16; 138:3, עוֹז־לוֹ רָ֑ךְ 84:6; 138:3; so (implic.) of Zion Is 52:1. c. of י׳ as strength of his servants Mi 5:3; Is 49:5 ψ 81:2; 84:6, also Ex 15:2 (‖ יְשׁוּעָה) = Is 12:2 = ψ 118:14, cf. Is 45:24, עֹז יְשׁוּעָתִי ψ 140:8, תִּפְאֶרֶת עֻזָּמוֹ 89:18; sometimes as their stronghold, for defence Je 16:19 (+ מָעֻזִּי), ψ 28:7 (+ מָגִנִּי), v 8 (‖ מָעוֹז). 46:2 (+ מַחֲסֶה), 59:10 (reading עֻזִּי, v. Comm. and Ginsbmargin; ‖ מִשְׂגַּבִּי), v 18 (‖ id.), cf. Pr 14:26 (‖ מַחְסֶה); v. also sub 1.—Pr 24:5 v. עַז²" dir="rtl" >עַז. 3. might of י׳ (especially ψψ): a. as essential attribute Hb 3:4; Jb 12:16 ψ 62:12; 63:3; 68:35; 93:1; 96:6 = 1 Ch 16:27; עֹז מֶלֶךְ ψ 99:4 (title of י׳). b. theme of ascription in praise ψ 29:1 (c. יָהַב) = 96:7 = 1 Ch 16:28, ψ 59:17 (c. שִׁיר), 68:35 (c. נָתַן). c. exerted for his people and against his foes Ex 15:13 (song), ψ 21:2 (‖ יְשוּעָה), v 14; 66:3; 68:29 + v 29 (reading עוֹז for עוּזָּה, v. עזז), 74:13; 77:15; 78:26; 105:4 = 1 Ch 16:11, Ezr 8:22 (+ אַפּוֹ), cf. עֹז אַפֶּ֑ךָ ψ 90:11. d. manifested in connex. with the ark, אֲרוֹן עֻזֶּ֑ךָ 2 Ch 6:41 = ψ 132:8, עֹז = ark 78:61. 4. עֹז פָּנָיו = boldness, impudence Ec 8:1, changed by wisdom. De Wild al.; עַז פ׳ he who is impudent 𝔊 Siegf (cf. עזז Hiph.). 5. = stronghold (cf. 2 c): ψ 8:3 out of the mouth of babes … thou hast founded strength, or a stronghold (for thy defence, cf. v b), so Ew De Hup Kau Sch Che Dr, cf. Du; > praise Vrss Bae.—מָעוֹז v. עוּז" dir="rtl" >עוז.
I. כְּנַ֫עַן90 n.pr.m. et terr. Canaan (𝔊 Χανααν, Ph. כנען = Phoenicia; Χνα = כנע, Hecataeus, v. MüllerFr. Hist. Gr. i, 17 al.; Egyptian Ka-n-ʿ-nḁ WMMAsien u. Europa, 205 ff.; Tel Amarna Kina̮hna, Kinaḫḫi, etc., BezoldBM Tablets, 150 WklTA 39; etym. dub. GFMPAOS Oct. 1890, lxvii ff.; v. also GASmGeogr. 4 f. BuhlGeogr. § 42);— †1. as n.pr.m., son of Ham Gn 9:18, 22, 25, 27; 10:15 (as ancestor of Canaanites and Phoenicians; all J); 10:6 (P); 1 Ch 1:8, 13 (from Gn 10:6, 15). 2. a. land, W. of Jordan, into wh. Hebrews came, and where they settled, subduing the inhabitants; מַלְכֵי כְּנַעַן Ju 5:19, מלך כ׳ Ju 4:2, 23, 24(×2); hence מַמְלְכוֹת כ׳ ψ 135:11; ישְׁבֵי כ׳ Ex 15:15 (song in E); cf. מִלְחֲמוֹת כ׳ Ju 3:1; עֲצַבֵּי כ׳ ψ 106:38 idols of Canaan, i. e. of the former inhabitants; especially אֶרֶץ(־) כ׳, אַרְצָה כ׳ Gn 44:8; 46:31; 47:1, 4, 13, 14, 15; 50:5, 13 (all J), 35:6; 42:5, 7, 13, 29, 32; 45:17, 25 Jos 24:3 (all E), Gn 11:31; 12:5(×2); 13:12 (opp. עָרֵי הַכִּכָּר v b), 16:3; 17:8 (P) +, Jos 22:9, 10, 11 (P) Ju 21:12 1 Ch 16:18 = ψ 105:11; also הָאָרֶץ כ׳ Nu 34:2 (P); בְּנוֹת כ׳ Gn 28:1 daughters of Canaan = women of the land, so v 6, 8; 36:2 (all P); כנען is personif. Ho 12:8 = apostate Israel; שְׂפַת כ׳ Is 19:18 = the Hebrew lang. (without evil implication). b. the coast, especially Phoenicia Is 23:11; cf. כ׳ אֶרֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּים Zp 2:5.
יְהוֹשָׁפָט, יוֹשָׁפָט n.pr.m. 𝔊 Ἰωσαφαω, Ἰωσαφατ (י׳ hath judged, cf. אֱלִישָׁפָט, שְׁפַטְיָהוּ & reff.)— 1. יְהוֹ׳ (so all except 5. & 6) king of Judah, son of Asa 1 K 15:24; 22:2 + 21 times 1 K; 2 K 1:17; 3:1, 7, 11, 12(×2), 14; 8:16(×2), 12:19; 1 Ch 3:10; 2 Ch 17:1 + 40 times 2 Ch. †2. father of Jehu king of Israel 2 K 9:2, 14. †3. chronicler under David & Solomon, son of Ahilud 2 S 8:16; 1 K 4:3; 1 Ch 18:15; also 2 S 20:24 (𝔊L Σαφαν). †4. one of Sol.’s 12 officers who provided victuals for the royal household 1 K 4:17 (𝔊L Ἰωασαφατ). †5. יוֹ׳ one of David’s heroes 1 Ch 11:43. †6. יוֹ׳ a priest & trumpeter in David’s time 1 Ch 15:24. †7. in n.pr.loc. עֵמֶק יְהוֹשָׁפָט Jo 4:2, 12, symbolical name of a valley near Jerusalem, place of ultimate judgment.
† כַּשְׂדִּים n.pr.gent. et terr. Kasdim = Chaldeans, Chaldea, 𝔊 Χαλδαῖοι and (Je 50:10) ἡ Χαλδαία (Assyrian (mat) Kaldu, Kaldû; from earlier (Bab.) form [Kašdu]—š before dental becoming l, DlPar 128 f. 200 f.; Assyrian Gr. § 51, 3; Schr KGF 94 ff.; COT on Gn 11:28);— 1. Chaldeans: a. people dwelling on lower Euphrates and Tigris; in n.pr.loc. אוּר כ׳ Gn 11:28 (J), v 31 (P), 15:7 (J), Ne 9:7. b. especially the people ruled by Nebuchadrezzar;—כ׳ Je 37:10; 39:5; Ez 23:23; 2 K 24:2; 25:4, 5, 10, 13 = Je 52:7, 8, 14, 17 (2 K 24:5, 10 = also Je 39:5, 8), 2 K 25:26; Is 13:19; 43:14; 48:14, 20; Jb 1:17; Kt כַּשְׁדִּיִּים Ez 23:14; 2 Ch 36:17; הַכּ׳ Je 21:4, 9; 22:25; 32:4, 5, 24, 25, 28, 29, 43; 33:5; 35:11; 37:5, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14; 38:2, 18, 19, 23; 39:8; 40:9, 10; 41:3, 18; 43:3; 50:35 Hb 1:6; 2 K 25:24, 25; בַּת־כ׳ Is 47:1, 5 = Babylon (in dirge); אֶרֶץ כ׳ ἡ γῆ Χαλδαίων (on locality v. Schr Dl l.c.) Je 24:5; 25:12; 50:1, 8, 25, 45; 51:4, 54; Ez 1:3; 12:3, also Is 23:13 (inauthentic, Di Che; read כְּנַעֲנִים Ew Schr, or כִּתִּים Du); סֵפֶר וּלְשׁוֹן כ׳ Dn 1:4; מַלְכוּת כ׳ 9:1. c. Chaldeans as learned class, skilled in interpretations Dn 2:2 (+ חַרְטֻמִּים, אַשָּׁפִים, מְכַשְּׁפִים), v 4. 2. Chaldea, וְהָֽיְתָה כַּשְׂדִּים לְשָׁלָל Je 50:10 and Chaldea shall be despoiled; יוֹשְׁבֵי כ׳ 51:24, 35; כַּשְׂדִּים אֶרֶץ מוֹלַדְתָּם Ez 23:15; c. ה loc.; כַּשְׂדִּ֫ימָה Ez 11:24; 16:29; 23:16.
Μωυσῆς (Μωϋσῆς, T; Μωσῆς, Rec.), -έως, dative - (as LXX: Exo.5:20, al.), and -εῖ, accusative -ῆν (ac LXX) and -έα (Luk.16:29 only) (Heb. מֹשֶׁה), Moses: Mat.8:4 17:3-4, al.; νόμος Μωυσέως, Luk.2:22 24:44, Jhn.7:23, Act.13:39 15:5 28:23, 1Co.9:9, Heb.10:28; by meton., of the books of Moses, Luk.16:29 24:27, Act.15:21, 2Co.3:15 (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
יְהוֹנָתָן, יוֹנָתָן יְהוֹנָתָן, יוֹנָתָן n.pr.m. 𝔊 Ἰωναθαν throughout, with occasional var. (י׳ hath given; cf. אֶלְנָתָן, נְתַנְיָהוּ, נְתַנְאֵל, & reff., Temanite רמננתן HalRÉJ 1884, ix. 7 f. NbrStud. Bib. i. 211; Sab. והבאום Hal 10)— 1. יְהוֹ׳ son of Saul 1 S 14:6, 8; 18:1(×2) + 40 times 1 S; 2 S 1:4 + 18 times 2 S; 1 Ch 8:33, 34; 9:39, 40; = יוֹ׳ 1 S 13:2, 3 + 27 times 1 S, 1 Ch 10:2. †2. יְהוֹ׳ son of Abiathar 2 S 15:27, 36; 17:17, 20; = יוֹ׳ 1 K 1:42, 43. †3. יְהוֹ׳ nephew of David 2 S 21:21 = 1 Ch 20:7; appar. called Jonadab 2 S 13:3 ff. where 𝔊L Ἰωναθαν, cf. יְהוֹנָדָב" dir="rtl" >יהונדב 2. †4. יְהוֹ׳; דּוֹד of David, i.e. his uncle? 1 Ch 27:32. †5. יְהוֹ׳ one of David’s heroes 2 S 23:32 (cf. Dr) = יוֹנָתָן 1 Ch 11:34. †6. יְהוֹ׳ one of David’s treasurers 1 Ch 27:25. †7. יְהוֹ׳ a scribe Je 37:15, 20; 38:26. †8. Levites a. יְהוֹ׳ 2 Ch 17:8; b. יוֹ׳ Ne 12:35. †9. יְהוֹ׳ a priest Ne 12:18. †10. יְהוֹ׳ priest to the tribe of Dan, son of Gershom Ju 18:30. †11. יוֹ׳ a Judaite captain, after fall of Jerus. Je 40:8. †12. יוֹ׳ a Judaite 1 Ch 2:32, 33. †13. יוֹ׳ father of Ebed Ezr 8:6. †14. יוֹ׳ son of Asahel Ezr 10:15. †15. יוֹ׳ a priest Ne 12:14. †16. יוֹ׳ son of Joiada Ne 12:11(×2) appar. = יְהוֹחָנָן 2.
† יָרָה vb. throw, shoot (NH shoot, Hiph. teach; Aramaic Aph. אוֹרִי teach; Ethiopic ወረወ jecit; Amh. warê is information, news, v. NöZMG 1886, 724; Assyrian ârû, lead, guide, DlHWB 241; têrtu, law, DlHA 49; Zinj. ירי set, found, DHMSendsch. 57, cf. 2 infr.—Buhl distinguished 3√ √ ירה: i. = throw, cf. mod. Arabic warra; ii. Hiph. = moisten, cf. רוה; iii. Hiph. = teach, cf. ראה, Arabic رأى, رَوَى; but evidence for this division hardly sufficient)— Qal Pf. יר׳ Ex 15:4 + 3 times; 1 s. יָרִיתִי Gn 31:51 Jos 18:6; Impf. 1 pl. sf. וַנִּירָם Nu 21:30 (SS after 𝔊 וְנִינָם, see Ges§ 76 (2) e); Imv. יְרֵה 2 K 13:17; Inf. abs. יָרֹה Ex 19:13; cstr. לִיר(וֹ)ת ψ 11:2; 64:5; Pt. יֹרֶה Pr 26:18; pl. יוֹרִים 1 Ch 10:3; יֹרִים 2 Ch 35:23;— 1. throw, cast, with acc.: cast lots Jos 18:6 (E); army into (בְּ) the sea Ex 15:4 (song). 2. cast (= lay, set), corner-stone Jb 38:6; pillar Gn 31:51 (E; v. Zinj. supr.) 3. shoot arrows, abs. Ex 19:13 (E) 2 K 13:17; acc. of arrows 1 S 20:36, 37 Pr 26:18; acc. pers. Nu 21:30 (song, E) ψ 64:5; with לְ pers. 11:2; י(וֹ)רִים archers 1 Ch 10:3 2 Ch 35:23. 4. throw water, rain: Ho 6:3, but v. יוֹרֶה" dir="rtl" >יוֹרֶה early rain (cf. Hiph. 3). Niph. Impf. יִיָּרֶה shot through (with arrows) Ex 19:13 (E). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. sf. הֹרַנִי Jb 30:19 (הֹרָנִי Baer); הוֹרָהוּ 2 K 12:3; הוֹרֵתָ֑נִי ψ 119:102; 1 s. וְהוֹרֵיתִ֫י Ex 4:15 1 S 12:23; sf. הֹרֵיתִיךָ Pr 4:11; הוֹרֵיתִיךָ Ex 4:12; Impf. יוֹרֶה ψ 25:8 + 5 times; וַיּוֹר 2 K 13:17 (for this and other forms see Ges§ 76 (2) e); וַיֹּרֵנִי Pr 4:4; יוֹרֵנוּ Ju 13:8 + 2 times; יוֹרֶנּוּ ψ 25:12 Is 28:26; וַיּוֹרֵהוּ Ex 15:25; יֹרֵם 2 K 17:27 ψ 64:8; 2 f. sf. תּוֹרְךָ ψ 45:5; תֹּרֶ֑ךָּ Jb 12:7, 8; 2 m. sf. תּוֹרֵם 1 K 8:36 = 2 Ch 6:27; 1 s. אוֹרֶה 1 S 20:20 Jb 27:11; sf. אוֹרְךָ ψ 32:8; 3 mpl. יוֹרוּ Dt 24:8 + 3 times; יֹרוּ 2 S 11:20 2 Ch 35:23; יֹרֻהוּ ψ 64:5; יוֹרוּךָ Dt 17:10 + 2 times; Imv. sf. הֹרֵנִי Jb 34:32; הוֹרֵנִי ψ 27:11 + 2 times; pl. sf. הוֹרוּנִי Jb 6:24; Inf. cstr. הוֹרֹת Gn 46:28 + 3 times; הוֹרֹתָם Ex 24:12; Pt. מוֹרֶה 1 S 20:36 + 5 times; מֹרֶה Pr 6:13; pl. מוֹרִים 1 S 31:3 + 2 times; sf. מוֹרָ֑י Pr 5:13; מוֹרֶיךָ Is 30:20(×2);— 1. throw, cast, with ל, into the mire Jb 30:19. 2. shoot (arrows) 1 S 20:20, 36 2 S 11:20 2 K 13:17; 19:32 = Is 37:33; with ל, of pers. 2 Ch 35:23; acc. pers. ψ 64:5, 8; מוֹרִים archers 1 S 31:3(×2) 1 Ch 10:3. 3. throw water, rain: וְיוֹרֶה צֶדֶק לָכֶם Ho 10:12 and rain righteousness for you (Thes al. under 5); hence מוֹרֶה early rain (cf. Qal 4). 4. point out, shew: לְהוֹרֹת לְפָנָיו גּשְׁנָה Gn 46:28 (J) to point out before him (the way) to Goshen; מֹרֶה בְּאֶצְבְּעֹתָיו Pr 6:13 pointing out with his fingers; acc. pers. et rei Ex 15:25 (JE) ψ 45:5 Jb 6:24. 5. direct, teach, instruct: a. of men, abs. Bezalel in handicraft Ex 35:34 (P); c. acc. pers., a father his son Pr 4:4; the ancients Job Jb 8:10; the animals and the earth, the friends of Job 12:7, 8; c. 2 acc. Is 28:9; בּדֶרֶךְ in the way 1 S 12:23 ψ 25:8; 32:8 Pr 4:11; בְּיַד־אֵל concerning the hand of Ēl Jb 27:11.—מוֹרֶה שֶׁקֶר teaching lies is used of prophet Is 9:14. b. specially of the authoritative direction (v. תּוֹרָה) given by priests on matters of ceremonial observance, with acc. rei and לְ pers. Dt 33:10 (song), they teach thy judgments to Jacob, and thy direction (law) to Israel; double acc. 17:10, 11 according to the direction, wherewith they direct thee; 24:8 (on leprosy), Lv 10:11 (P), abs. 14:57 (P), 2 Ch 15:3 כֹּהֵן מוֹרֶה, Ez 44:23 the Zadokite priests את־עמי יֹרוּ בֵּין קֹדֶשׁ לְחֹל; Mi 3:11 the priests give such ‘direction’ for hire; less technically, of Moses Ex 24:12 (E), of Jehoiada 2 K 12:3, of the Samaritan priests 2 K 17:27, 28. c. of God; c. acc. pers. Is 28:26 ψ 119:102; double acc. Ex 4:12, 15 (J), Ju 13:8 Jb 34:32 1 K 8:36 (= אֶל הַדֶּרֶךְ 2 Ch 6:27), ψ 27:11; 86:11; 119:33; acc. pers. בְּדֶרֶךְ ψ 25:12; מִדְּרָכָיו of his ways Is 2:3 = Mi 4:2. d. of idol-image Hb 2:18 (מוֹרֶה שָׁ֑קֶר), v 19.
Ἱερουσαλήμ, see: Ἱεροσόλυμα - (WH, Ἰερ-, see Intr., § 408), -ων, τά (on πᾶσα Ἱ., Mat.2:3, see WM, 794; M, Pr., 48, 244; Thayer, see word), and Ἱερουσαλήμ (WH, Ἰερ-), ἡ., indecl., as always in LXX exc. some parts of Apocr.. (Heb. יְרוּשָׁלִַם), the former always in FlJ, Mk, Jo EV. and Mt (except. Mat.27:37), and most frequently in Lk, the latter always in He, Re, and by St. Paul (except. Gal.1:17-18 2:1), Jerusalem: Mat.2:1, Mrk.3:8, Jhn.1:19, al.; its inhabitants, Mat.2:3 3:5 23:37, Luk.13:34, Symbolically, ἡ- ἄνω Ἱ., Gal.4:26, contrasted with ἡ νῦν Ἱ., Gal.4:25; Ἱ. ἐπουράνιος, Heb.12:22; ἡ καινὴ Ἱ., Rev.3:12 21:2, 10 (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
† מִצְרִי adj.gent. Egyptian;—ms. מ׳ Gn 39:1 + 16 times; fs. מִצְרִית 16:1 + 3 times; mpl. מִצְרִים 12:12 + 5 times; fpl. מִצְרִיֹּת Ex 1:19;— 1. adj. אִישׁ מ׳=an Egyptian Gn 39:1 Ex 2:11, 19 Lv 24:10 1 S 30:11 2 S 23:30; הָאִישׁ הַמּ׳ 1 Ch 11:23; נַעַר מ׳ 1 S 30:13, עֶבֶד מ׳ 1 Ch 2:34; שִׁפְחָה מִצְרִית Gn 16:1, כַּנָּשִׁים הַמִּצְרִיֹּת Ex 1:19. 2. c. art.=subst. the Egyptian Gn 39:2, 5 Ex 2:12, 14 2 S 23:30(×2) 1 Ch 11:23(×2); so once without art. מִצְרִי Dt 23:8; הַמִּצְרִי once (late) coll.=the Egyptians Ezr 9:1 (where with Canaanitish peoples); pl.=the Egyptians, הָמִּצְרִים Gn 12:12, 14; 43:32 Dt 26:6 Jos 24:7; fs. הָגָר הַמִּצְרִית Hagar the Egyptian woman Gn 16:3; 21:9; 25:12.
Σίμων [ῐ], ωνος, ὁ, Refs, used proverbial of a confederate in evil, οἶδα Σίμωνα καὶ Σ. ἐμέ Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II name of a throw of the dice, Refs 4th c.BC+
Ἀβραάμ (Heb. אַבְרָהָם), ὁ, indecl. (in FlJ, Ἄβραμος, -ου; MM, VGT, see word), Abraham (Gen.17:5 al.): Mat.1:1, 2 al. (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
אֶלְעָזָר n.pr.m. (God has helped, cf. אֱלִיעֶזֶר supr.) a. Eleazar the priest Ex 6:23 + (50 times in Hex) Ju 20:28; 1 Ch 5:29, 30; 6:35; 9:20; 24:1, 2, 3, 4(×2), 5, 6 Ezr 7:5. b. son of Abinadab 1 S 7:1. c. one of David’s heroes 2 S 23:9; 1 Ch 11:12; ins. also 1 Ch 27:4 cf. DrSm 280. d. a Levite 1 Ch 23:21, 22; 24:28. e. priest of the time of Ezra Ezr 8:33 Ne 12:42. f. one of the line of Parosh Ezr 10:25.
בֵּֽיתְאֵל71 n.pr.loc. Bethel (so read, not בֵּית־אֵל as Jos 7:2 + according to v. d. H; cf. Baer Gn 12:8; house of God, or house of Ēl)— 1. ancient place and seat of worship in Ephraim on border of Benjamin, identif. with Luz (former name) Gn 28:19; 35:6 Jos 18:13 Ju 1:23; appar. distinguished from Luz Jos 16:2 (yet cf. Di); name connected with vision of Jacob when journeying to Paddan-Aramaic (JE) Gn 28:19; 35:7 (where אֵל בֵּֽיתְאֵל, but 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Ol del. אֵל; Di maintains); cf. Ho 12:5; when journeying from P.-A. 35:15 (P); name appar. given first to a stone (Gn 28:18; 35:14) cf. WeSkizzen iii. 70; הַר בֵּֽיתְאֵל 1 S 13:2; later important place of worship 1 S 10:3 עָלָה אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִיס בֵּיתְאֵל; abode of prophet 1 K 13:11 2 K 2:3; Jeroboam set up one of the golden calves at Bethel 1 K 12:29f. cf. also 13:1f. 2 K 10:29; 23:15 Je 48:13 v. further 2 K 17:28; 2 K 23:15 Th prop. on internal grounds, בֵּית אַל house of nothingness, or בּ׳ אָלָה house of execration; בּ׳ אָלָה also RenanHist. iii. 185; in proph. Am 3:14; 4:4; 5:5(×2), 6; 7:10, 13 Ho 10:15; note especially Am 5:5 ביתאל יִהְיֶה לְאָ֑וֶן, & בֵּית אָוֶן (house of iniquity) as substit. for ביתאל Ho 4:15; 5:8; 10:5 (עֶגְּלוֹת בית און);—mod. Beitîn RobBR i. 448 f. GuérinJudée iii. 14–27 cf. BdPal. 215 Surveyiii. 305. 2. place in south country of Judah, not far from Beersheba & Ziklag 1 S 30:27 cf. We Dr; = MT כסיל Jos 15:30 (textual error; 𝔊 Βαιθηλ); also בְּתוּל Jos 19:4, בְּתוּאֵל 1 Ch 4:30.
III. גָּד71 n.pr.m. (fortunatus? perhaps der. from foreg. divine name SiegfJPTh 1875, 364 StaGesch. i. 148; but v. also BaeRel. 159 f.)—גָּ֥ד Gn 35:26 +, as well as גָּד֑ Gn 30:11 +;— 1. son of Jacob and Zilpah; a. strictly as personal name Gn 30:11; 35:26; 46:16 Ex 1:4 cf. Gn 49:19 1 Ch 2:2. b. as name of tribe Nu 1:14 Dt 27:13; 33:20(×2) Jos 18:7 Ez 48:27, 28; cf. אֶרֶץ גָּד 1 S 13:7 v. also Je 49:1, שַׁעַר גָּד Ez 48:34, on הַנַּחַל הַגָּד 2 S 24:5 cf. We Dr; explicitly מַטֵּה גָּד Nu 1:25; 2:14; 13:15 Jos 13:24; 20:8; 21:7, 36 1 Ch 6:48, 65; once, צְבָא מַטֵּה בְנֵי־גָד Nu 10:20; בְּנֵי גָד (MI10 אש גד) Nu 1:24 + 12 times Nu; Jos 4:12 + 14 times Jos; 1 Ch 5:11; 12:14. †2. a prophet in David’s time, called נָבִיא 1 S 22:5, but הַנָּבִיא חֹזֶה דָוִד 2 S 24:11 & חֹזֵה דָוִיד ‖ 1 Ch 21:9, הַחֹזֶה 1 Ch 29:29 & חֹזֵה־הַמֶּלֶךְ 2 Ch 29:25. מִגְדַּל־גַּד v. p. 154.
רְאוּבֵן71 n.pr.m. Reuben, Ρουβην[ιν] (behold a son! but Gn 29:32 makes = רָאָה בְּעָנְיִי(!); JosAnt. i, 19, 7 al. Ρουβηλος, 𝔖 ܪܘܽܒܝܺܠ, ר׳ then perhaps = Arabic رِيبَالٌ lion, cf. Di);— 1. eldest son of Jacob and Leah Gn 29:32; 30:14 + 11 times Gn, Ex 1:2; 1 Ch 2:1; as head of family or clan Ex 6:14(×2); Nu 1:20; 26:5 (all P), 1 Ch 5:1, 3, cf. בְּנֵי אֱלִיאָב בֶּן־רְא׳ Dt 11:6. 2. as name of clan or tribe Ju 5:15, 16; Dt 27:13; Jos 18:7 (+ גָּד; both D), Dt 33:6 (poem), Ez 48:6, 7, 31; Nu 1:5 (P); so מַטֵה ר׳ Nu 1:21; 13:4; Jos 20:8; 21:7 (all P), 1 Ch 6:48, 63, מַחֲנֵה ר׳ Nu 2:10, 16; 10:18 (all P); בְּנֵי ר׳, as tribe, Nu 16:1b; 32:37 (both JE), 2:10; 7:20; 26:5; Jos 13:23(×2) (all P), also (+ Gad and often Manasseh) Nu 32:1, 2, 6, 25 (JE), Jos 4:12 (D), Nu 32:29, 31, 33; Jos 22:9 + 11 times 22 (all P), cf. 1 Ch 5:18; בֶן־ר׳ as tribe Jos 15:6; 18:7 (both P), מַטֵּה בְּנֵי־ר׳ 13:15 (P).
אֵלִיָּה 2 K 1:3 + 4 times; אֵלִיָּ֫הוּ 1 K 17:1 + 62 times; n.pr.m. (Yah(u) is God, cf. יוֹאֵל) a. Elijah, the great prophet of the reign of Ahab 1 K 17:1 + 65 times K; 2 Ch 21:12 Mal 3:23. b. Benjamite 1 Ch 8:27; c. a priest of Ezra’s time Ezr 10:21; d. a son of Elam Ezr 10:26.
† לְבָנוֹן (Dt 3:25 הַלְּבָנֹן Van d. H.)71 n.pr.mont. Lebanon (Ph. לבנן; Assyrian Labnanu, etc., SchrCOT on 1 K 5:13, DlPar. 103 ff.; Egyptian Ra-ma n-n WMMAsien u. Europa, 197 ff.; Arabic لُبْنَانٌ; cf. further RobBR ii, 435 ff. 493 GASmGeogr. 45 ff. BuhlGeogr. 110 and reff.; name prob. from whiteness of its cliffs RobBR ii, 493)—wooded mountain-range on northern border of Isr. [usually c. art. הַלּ׳ (51 times); without art. לְבָנוֹן, poet. and late Ho 14:8; Na 1:4; 2 K 19:23 = Is 37:24, Ez 31:15, 16; Is 14:8; 29:17; 33:9; 40:16; Je 18:14; Hb 2:17; Zc 10:10; 11:1; ψ 29:6 Ct 4:8(×2), 11, 15; c. ה loc. לְבָב֫וֹנָה 1 K 5:28a]; perhaps first mentioned in defining a locality, as הַר הַלְּבָנוֹן, Ju 3:3 (E according to GFM; this combination only here), but also in early proph., then in D, and later;—in defining a locality Jos 9:1; בִּקְעַת הַלּ׳ Jos 11:17; 12:7 (side of Baal Gad); as a marked feature, in describing extent of land Dt 1:7; 3:25; 11:24; Jos 1:4; 13:5 (בָּל־הַלּ׳) v 6 (all D), 1 K 9:19 = 2 Ch 8:6, Je 22:20; Zc 10:10; רֹאשׁ הַלּ׳ Je 22:6 (fig. of royal house of Judah), as a height Ct 4:8(×2); מִגְדַּל הַלּ׳ Ct 7:5 i.e. a tower built on Lebanon; שֶׁלֶגּ ל׳ Je 18:14 snow of L.; L. as source of streams Ct 4:15; יֵין ל׳ Ho 14:8; most often, however, as bearing forests, especially of cedars, אַרְזֵי הַלּ׳ Ju 9:15 (in allegory; perhaps J, according to GFM), Is 2:13; 14:8; ψ 29:5; 104:16, cf. 1 K 5:13, 20, 23, 28(×2) 2 Ch 2:7(×2), 15, 2 K 14:9(×2) = 2 Ch 25:18(×2) (in allegory), Je 22:23; Ez 17:3; 27:5; 31:3, 15, 16; Zc 11:1; Ezr 3:7; ψ 92:13 Ct 3:9; 5:15 (sim. of majestic figure); פֶּרַח ל׳ Na 1:4; כְּבוֹד הַלּ׳ Is 35:2; 60:13; וְשָׁב ל׳ לְכַרְמֶל 29:17 (‖ יַעַר); יַרְכְּתֵי ל׳ with the same ref. Is 37:24 = 2 K 19:23; הַלּ׳ = trees of Lebanon Ho 14:6; Is 10:34; 40:16; ψ 29:6; 72:16; ל׳ Is 33:9 fig., as mourning; חֲמַס ל׳ Hb 2:17 i.e. violence done to Lebanon, prob. by cutting down its trees; בֵּית יַעַר הַלּ׳ a royal mansion of Sol., 1 K 7:2; and 10:17, 21 = 2 Ch 9:16, 20; ל׳ as home of wild beast 2 K 14:9 = 2 Ch 25:18 (in allegory); רֵיחַ לְבָנוֹן, of the odour of cedar forests Ct 4:11, cf. Ho 14:7 (in sim.; We thinks ל׳ here to be a specific plant).
† דָּן n.pr.m. (judge)— 1. son of Jacob and Bilhah Gn 30:6; 35:25 Ex 1:4 Jos 19:47 Ju 18:29 1 Ch 2:2. 2. the tribe of Dan, מַטֵּה דָן Ex 31:6; 35:34; 38:23 Lv 24:11 Nu 1:39; 13:12 Jos 21:5, 23 (all P); בְּנֵי דָן Gn 46:23 Nu 1:38; 2:25; 7:66; 10:25; 26:42; 34:22 Jos 19:40, 47(×2), 48 (all P) Ju 1:34 18:2, 16, 22, 23, 25, 26, 30; מַחֲנֵה דָן Nu 2:25, 31 (P)—on Ju 13:25; 18:12 v. מַחֲנֶה²" dir="rtl" >מַחֲנֶה; מִשְׁפְּחֹת דָּן Nu 26:42 (P); דָּן alone in poetry Gn 49:16, 17 Dt 33:22(×2) Ju 5:17, elsewhere Nu 1:12 (P) Dt 27:13 1 Ch 27:22 2 Ch 2:13 Ez 48:1, 2, 32. 3. a city on northern frontier of Israel at one of the sources of the Jordan, originally לַיִשׁ Ju 18:29 (cf. v 7); = לָשֶׁם Jos 19:47; captured by a colony of Danites; named Dan, and made a sacred place with rites of worship that lasted until the exile (Ju 18:30); =Tell el Kâdî, RobBR iii. 351, 358 BdPal 265. This place is frequently referred to: Gn 14:14 Dt 34:1 1 K 12:29, 30; 15:20 2 K 10:29 2 Ch 16:4 Je 4:15; 8:16 Am 8:14: read also וּבְדָן for וְכֵן 2 S 20:18 𝔊 Ew We cf. Dr; and v. the phrase מִדָּן וְעַד־בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע Ju 20:1 1 S 3:20 2 S 3:10; 17:11; 24:2, 15 1 K 5:5; given by Chr מִבְּאֵר שֶׁכַע וְעַד־דָּן 1 Ch 21:2 2 Ch 30:5. (Ez 27:19 v. ודן.) Note. —דָּ֫נָה יַעַן or דַּנָֿה (Bear) 2 S 24:6. No such place known; text usually regarded as corrupt,and, 𝔊 being uncertain, variously changed: (1) דָּ֫נָה יַעַר to Dan in the wood, Thes after 𝔙 silvestria. (2) (וַיָּסֹבּוּ) דָּ֫נָה וְעִיּוֹן to Dan and Ijon Klo (cf. 1 K 15:20). (3) (סָֽבֲבוּ) דָּן וּמִד��ּן We Dr cf. 𝔊.
Ἰσραήλ (FlJ, Ἰσράηλος, -ου), ὁ indecl. (Heb. יִשְׂרָאֵל, Gen.32:28), Israel: ὁ οἶκος Ἰ., Act.7:42 (LXX), al.; λαός, Act.4:10; υὁοί, Act.5:21, al.; αἱ φυλαὶ τοῦ Ἰ., Mat.19:28, al. By meton., for the Israelites, Mat.2:6, Luk.1:54, Rom.11:2, al.; ὁ λαὸς Ἰ., Act.4:10; γῆ Ἰ., Mat.2:20-21; βασιλεὺς Ἰ., Mat.27:42, Jhn.1:50; ἡ ἐλπὶς τοῦ Ἰ., Act.28:20; ὁ Ἰ. τοῦ θεοῦ (of Christians), Gal.6:16; ὁ Ἰ. κατὰ σάρκα, 1Co.10:18 (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
אֲבִימֶ֫לֶךְ n.pr.m. (Melek (= Malik, Molech) is father)—אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ Gn 20:18 +— 1. king of Gerar Gn 20:2, 3, 4 +, 21:22, 25(×2) +, 26:1, 8 (24 times Gn). †2. king of Gath ψ 34:1 error for אָכִישׁ, cf. 1 S 21:11f;—a better known Philist. name substituted for a less known (Hup3). > Others (Thes Ol De MV) think a title of Philist. kings, cf. Pharaoh. 3. son of Gideon Ju 8:31; 9:1, 3, 4 +, 10:1 (40 times Ju), 2 S 11:21. †4. priest, son of Abiathar 1 Ch 18:16 error for אֲחִימֶלֶךְ q.v. (Sab. also n.pr.f. OsianderZMG 1865, 209).
Ἱεροσόλυμα (WH, Ἰερ-, see Intr., § 408), -ων, τά (on πᾶσα Ἱ., Mat.2:3, see WM, 794; M, Pr., 48, 244; Thayer, see word), and Ἱερουσαλήμ (WH, Ἰερ-), ἡ., indecl., as always in LXX exc. some parts of Apocr.. (Heb. יְרוּשָׁלִַם), the former always in FlJ, Mk, Jo EV. and Mt (except. Mat.27:37), and most frequently in Lk, the latter always in He, Re, and by St. Paul (except. Gal.1:17-18 2:1), Jerusalem: Mat.2:1, Mrk.3:8, Jhn.1:19, al.; its inhabitants, Mat.2:3 3:5 23:37, Luk.13:34, Symbolically, ἡ- ἄνω Ἱ., Gal.4:26, contrasted with ἡ νῦν Ἱ., Gal.4:25; Ἱ. ἐπουράνιος, Heb.12:22; ἡ καινὴ Ἱ., Rev.3:12 21:2, 10 (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
† I. לֵוִי n.pr.m. Levi (√ and meaning dubious; Gn 29:34 (J) interpr. as joined, i.e. husband to wife; Nu 18:2, 4 (P; appar. in word-play) of Levites as joined to, attendant upon, Aaron; orig. as attached to, accompanying Isr. from Egypt, LagOr ii. 20 f.; as attached to, attending upon the ark, BauPriest. 74; in this case i. לֵוִי would be derived from ii. לֵוִי in priestly sense; HomA. u. A. 1890, 30 f. proposes Minaean לוא, lauʾân, priest, cf. Id.Süd-Arabic Chrest. 127; ag. all such views v. KauSK 1890, 771 f.; WeProl. ed. 5, 141; Hist. Isr. 145 StaZAW i (1881), 112 ff. GrayProp. Names, p. 96, cf. NöZMG xl (1886), 167, make לֵוִי n. gent. from לֵאָה (q.v.); cf. a further sugg. WeSkizzen iii. 114)—𝔊 Λευ(ε)ι(ν);— 1. a. Levi, son of Jacob and Leah, as individual, Gn 29:34; 34:25, 30; 35:23; 49:5 (all J); 35:23; 46:11; Ex 1:2; 6:16(×2) Nu 3:17; 16:1 (all P); 1 Ch 2:1; 5:22; 6:1, 4, 23, 28, 32; 23:6 Ezr 8:18; so בַּת־ל׳ [אֶת־] Ex 2:1 (E), Nu 26:59 (P). b. as head of a family of descendants, in phr. בֵּית לֵוִי Ex 2:1 (E), and (with ref. to tribe; late) Nu 17:23, מִשְׁפַּחַת בֵּית ל׳ Zc 12:13. c. often בְּנֵי(־)ל׳ Ex 32:26, 28 (E), Jos 21:10 (P), בְּנֵי(־)ל׳ with tribal ref. Nu 3:15; 4:2; 18:21 (charged with service of tabern., and hence to receive tithes; all P); as priests הַכֹּהֲנִים בְּנֵי לֵוִי Dt 21:5; 31:9, cf. Mal 3:3, and לֹא הָיוּ מִבְּנֵי ל׳ 1 K 12:31; from the בְּנֵי ל׳ the Zadokites are selected as priests Ez 40:46; according to 1 Ch 9:18 23:24, 27 בְּנֵי ל׳ are subordinate officials in temple (cf. v 28 f.), cf. 24:20; sharply disting. from priests Ezr 8:15, Ne 12:23 (cf. v 22); so also in later stratum of story of Korah’s revolt Nu 16:7, 8, 10 (P2). 2. as name of tribe, שֵׁבֶט ל׳ Dt 18:1 (priestly tribe), מַטֵּה ל׳ Nu 1:49 (in charge of tabern.), 3:6; 18:2 (ministers unto Aaron); לֵוִי alone = (tribe of) Levi Dt 27:12; 33:8 (earlier poem), Nu 26:58 (P), Ez 48:31; Mal 2:4 (priestly tribe, cf. v 1), 1 Ch 21:6; 27:17; מַטֵּה ל׳ = rod of (the tribe of) Levi Nu 17:18 (P); also (no inheritance, because charged with service of tabernacle) Dt 10:9.
אֲבִינֵר n.pr.m. (my father is Nêr, or is a lamp cf. 2 S 21:17; according to LagBN 75 = אֲבֶן (= בֶּן) + נֵר = son of Ner; cf. 𝔊 Ἀβεννηρ)—so only 1 S 14:50, elsewhere אַבְנֵר—cousin of Saul, and captain of his host 1 S 14:50, 51; 17:55(×3) + 52 times 1 & 2 S + 1 K 2:5, 32 1 Ch 26:28; 27:21.
צִדְקִיָּ֫הוּ56 -יָּה7 n.pr.m. (י׳ is righteousness; cf. Sab. צדקאל DHMib., on No. 32);—Σεδεκια(ς): 1. last king of Judah, מַתַּנְּיָה, changed to צ׳: -יָּ֫הוּ 2 K 24:17, 18, 20; 25:2, 7(×2) = 2 Ch 36:10, 11, 1 Ch 3:15; Je 1:3; 21:1, 3, 7 + 37 times Je; -יָּה †Je 27:12; 28:1; 29:3; 49:34. †2. false prophets: a. under Ahab, -יָּ֫הוּ 1 K 22:24 = 2 Ch 18:10, 23; -יָּה 1 K 22:11. b. -יָּ֫הוּ Jerem.’s time, Je 29:21, 22. †3. -יָּ֫הוּ prince, Jerem.’s time, Je 36:12. †4. -יָּה, priest, Nehem.’s time, Ne 10:2 (𝔊L Σεχενιας). †5. -יָּה, son of Jehoiachin, according to 1 Ch 3:16, but prob. gloss, Be SS, cf. Kit.
† II. שְׁכֶם n.pr.loc.49 et m.14 (Συχεμ; 𝔊L often Σίκιμα LagBN 57): 1. district in N. Palestine (prob. shoulder (saddle?) of mount.);—מְקוֹם שׁ׳ Gn 12:6, שְׁכֶ֑מָה 37:14; = city (שְׁכֶם, שְׁכֶ֑מָה, Ho 6:9 שֶׁ֑כְמָה) Jos 24:1; עִיר שׁ׳ Gn 33:18; Ju 8:31 + 20 times Ju 9 (בַּעֲלֵי שׁ׳ v 2 + 12 times, ב׳ מִגְדַּל־שׁ׳ v 46, 47), Ho 6:9 + 21 times (עִיר שׁ׳ Gn 33:18); city of refuge Jos 20:7; 21:21; 1 Ch 6:52.—WMMAs. u. Eur. 394, cp. Egypt. Sa-ka-mà (cf. Jen ZA x (1895) 356); mod. Nablûs (from Rom. name Neapolis); v. BuhlG 200 f. GASmG 332 ff. 345 WilsonHast. DB shechem. 2. n.pr.m. (on connexion with 1 cf. Ju 9:28), ‘son’ of Ḥamor, also Gn 33:19; 34:2 + 10 times 34, Jos 24:32.
Γαλιλαία, -ας, ἡ (Heb. הַגָּלִיל, the circle, district), Galilee, the name of the northern region of Palestine in NT times: Γ. τῶν ἐθνῶν, Mat.4:15 (LXX); θάλασσα τῆς Γ., Mat.15:29 (cf. Jhn.6:1). (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
אַבְרָם n.pr.m. (id., Thes al. exalted father) Abram Gn 11:26, 27 + 57 times Gn (to 17:5) + 1 Ch 1:27 Ne 9:7; = אַבְרָהָם Abraham Gn 17:5, 9, 15 + 172 times OT. (אברהם connected Gn 17:5 by word-play with הם of המון; really = אברם—רום = רהם which however is not found in Heb.—cf. Di > Hal RÉJ 1887, 177 f who proposes אֲבִר הַם גּוֹיִם cf. Gn 49:24 with Is 41:21; so that אֲבִר הָם chief of multitude is the new name of Gn 17:5 (הָם) √המה). SpiegelbergRandglossen 14 cp. Pal. n.pr. geogr. ḥḳrʾ ʾbrru = חקל אברם (c. Egyptian art. masc.), in Sheshonk list. As regards etym., Nöl.c. al. expl. as ‘the father [a divine title] is exalted’ (cf. יְהוֹרָם, מַלְכִּירָם, [אֲ]חִירָם).
† I. חֶבְרוֹן n.pr.loc. Hebron (association, league)—ח׳ Gn 13:18 +; c. ה loc. חֶבְרוֹנָה Jos 10:36 + 6 times; חֶבְרֹ֫נָה 2 S 2:1;—𝔊 Χεβρων; mod. El-Ḫalîl (v. RobBR i. 213 f., ii. 73 ff. GuérinJudée iii. 214 ff.); ancient city in southern Judah, where (or near which) Abr. built an altar Gn 13:18 (J), and where was a sanctuary in Dvd.’s time 2 S 15:7, cf. לפני י׳ בְּח׳ 2 S 5:3 = 1 Ch 11:3; built 7 yrs. bef. Ṣoan in Egypt according to Nu 13:22 b (JE); under a king Jos 10:3, 5, 23 (JE) 12:10 (D); assigned to Caleb Jos 14:13, 14 (JED) Ju 1:20 yet v. 1 Ch 6:40 (cf. v 41); older name קִרְיַת (הָ)אַרְבַּע according to Jos 14:15 (JED), cf. Gn 23:2; 35:27 Jos 15:54; 20:7 (all P) Ju 1:10 b; v. also Jos 15:13; 21:11 (both P); called also מַמְרֵא Gn 23:19 (and 35:27, both P); a city of refuge Jos 21:13 (P) = 1 Ch 6:42; עֵמֶק ח׳ Gn 37:14 (J); named elsewhere Nu 13:22 a (JE) Jos 10:36, 39; 11:21 (all D) Ju 1:10 a; 16:3 2 S 2:32; 15:9 2 Ch 11:10; a resort of David, and for 7 yrs. his royal city 1 S 30:31 2 S 2:1, 11; 3:2, 5, 19, 20, 22, 27, 32; 4:1, 8, 12(×2); 5:1, 3, 13 1 K 2:11; 1 Ch 3:1, 4; 11:1, 3; 12:24, 39 (van d. H. v 23, 38) 29:27; read also perhaps for תחתו 2 S 3:12, 𝔊L εἰς Χεβρων, cf. Dr; seat of Absalom’s rebellion 2 S 15:10; עָרֵי ח׳ 2 S 2:3 abode of David’s men.
† I. עֲרָבָה61 n.f. desert-plain, steppe; abs. ע׳ 2 S 4:7 +, sf. עַרְבָתָהּ Is 51:3; pl. עֲרָבוֹת Je 5:6 ψ 68:5, cstr. עַרְבוֹ�� 2 K 25:5 +, עַרְבֹת Je 52:8;— 1. earliest use: a. arid steppe W. of Dead Sea (in S. Judah) 1 S 23:24, also Ez 47:8; Is 51:3, whence name יָם הָע׳ Jos 3:16 (JE ‖ יָם הַמֶּלַח), also 2 K 14:25; Dt 4:49, and (‖ id.) 3:17 Jos 12:3 (D); נַחַל הָעֲרָבָה Am 6:14 must be E. of Dead Sea, si vera l., but read prob. נ׳ מִצְרַיִם v. נַ֫חַל" dir="rtl" >נַחַל. b. Jordan-valley W. of river + adjacent plain; near ford (opp. Jericho) 2 S 2:29, cf. Jos 8:14 (JE); also Dt 11:30; 2 K 25:4 = Je 39:4 = 52:7;—2 S 15:28; 17:16 v. עֲבָרָה" dir="rtl" >עֲבָרָה. c. Jordan-valley E. of river 2 S 4:7. 2. in D: a. especially of E. Jordan plain Dt 1:1 (prob.) Jos 12:1, 3, E. half of Jordan-valley Dt 3:17; 4:49; of entire Jordan-valley (between כִּנֶּרֶת and Dead Sea, mod. El-Ghôr, the Depression) Dt 1:7; Jos 11:2, 16; W. Jordan plain only Jos 12:8; depression S. of Dead Sea (mod. Wady el-ʿArabah) Dt 2:8. 3. in P always pl. cstr. עַרְבוֹת מוֹאָב (E. Jordan) Nu 22:1 + 11 times (v. מוֹאָב); ע׳ יְרֵחוֹ (W. Jordan) Jos 4:13; 5:10, also 2 K 25:5 = Je 39:5 = 52:8. 4. appar. N. Arabian desert Is 40:3; 41:19. 5. in gen. the steppe (often ‖ מִדְבָּר), Je 17:6; 50:12 Is 33:9; 35:1, 6; Jb 24:5; 39:6 ψ 68:5; זְאֵב עֲרָבוֹת Je 5:6 (fig. of invader); cf. description of Exodus אֶרֶץ עֲרָבָה וְשׁוּחָה Je 2:6; in sim., of a plain, of future land of Judah Zc 14:10.—Vid. Dr Dt 1:1 and reff. BuhlGeogr. 111.
I. בִּלְעָם n.pr.m. Balaam (according to Sta§ 293 = בלע + ם; NbrStud. Bib. i, 226 proposes בל = בעל + (god) עם), son of בְּעוֹר, prophet from פְּתוֹר (q.v.):—Nu 22:5, 7, 8, 9 + 47 times Nu 22–24 (all JE) 31:8, 16 (P) Dt 23:5, 6 (D) (cf. RD Jos 13:22) Jos 24:9, 10 (E) Mi 6:5 Ne 13:2.
† מָרְדֳּכַי (van d. H. מָרְדְּכַי) n.pr.m. Mordecai (perhaps from n. div. Marduk (מְרֹדַךְ), Zim ZAW xi. 161 ff.; cf. further Wild (citing Jensen)Comm. Est. 173f.);—מ׳ Ezr 2:2 Est 2:5 +; מָרְדֳּכָ֑י Est 2:22 +;— 1. companion of Zerub., according to Ezr 2:2=Ne 7:7. 𝔊 Μαραθχαιος, Μαρδοχαιος, etc. 2. cousin and adoptive father of Esther Est 2:5, 7, 10 + 55 times Est. 𝔊 Μαρδοχαιος.
Δαυείδ (Rec. Δαβίδ), ὁ, indecl. (Heb. דָּוִד), David, King of Israel: Mat.1:6; 12:3, and al.; σκηνὴ Δ., Act.15:16; κλεὶς Δ., Rev.3:7; θρόνος Δ., Luk.1:32; ῥίζα Δ., Rev.5:5; βασιλεία Δ., Mrk.11:10; υἱὸς Δ., the Messiah (Ps. Sol., 17:23; for other reff. in Jewish lit., see Dalman, Words, 317), Mat.1:1 9:27, and al.; ἐν Δ., i.e. the Psalter, Heb.4:7 (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
מִדְיָן n.pr.m. 1. son of Abraham and Keturah Gn 25:2, 4 (J) 1 Ch 1:32, 33. 2. an Arabian tribe Gn 36:35 (= 1 Ch 1:46) Nu 31:3(×2), 7, 8(×2), 9 (P) Ju 6–9 (31 times); having a כֹּהֵן (as chieftain?) Ex 2:16; 3:1; 18:1 (E); זקנים Nu 22:4, 7 (JE), נשׂיא(ים) Nu 25:18 (P) Jos 13:21 (P), שׂרים Ju 7:25; 8:3, מלכים Nu 31:8(×2) Ju 5:5, 12, 26; בִּכְרֵי מִדְיָן dromedaries of Midian Is 60:6; יוֹם מִדְיָן day of Midian Is 9:3 (the victory over Midian Ju 7–8) cf. 10:26 ψ 83:10. 3. אֶרֶץ מִדְיָן the land of Midian Ex 2:15 (E) Hb 3:7; מִדְיָן Ex 4:19 (J) Nu 25:15 (P) 1 K 11:18; land of Ælantic gulf (where Arabic geographers still place town مدين). Cf. on Midian, GlaserSkizze ii. 447 ff.; HomAufsätze i. (1892), 4 f.
† נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר and (incorrectly) נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר (v. also infr.) n.pr.m. Nebuchadrezzar, Nebuchadnezzar (Bab. Nabû-kudurri-uṣur = (prob.) Nebo, protect the boundary! DlCalwer BL BudgeNebuchadn. (on kudurru, boundary, v DlHWB 319); poss. is also crown, and so SchrCOT 2 K 24, 1; JägerBAS i. 471 proposes (thy) servant);—𝔊 Ναβον-χοδονοσ(σ)ορ; Can. Ptol Ναβοκολασσαρον SchrCOT 490, Abydenos etc. Ναβουκοδρόσορος, v. Schrib. 2 K 24, 1;—the great king of Babylon (reigned b. c. 605–562), who captured Jerus. and carried Judah captive: most often נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר מֶלֶךְ בָּבֶל (נ׳ often om. in 𝔊 Je 21:2, 7 (but om. 𝔊 Gie), 22:25; 25:1, 9; 29:21; 32:28; 34:1 (v. Baer’s note; van d. H נבוכדנ׳), 35:11; 37:1; 39:1, 5 (v. on 34:1), v 11 43:10; 44:30; 46:2, 13, 26; 49:30; 50:17; 51:34; 52:4, 12 Ez 26:7; 29:18, 19, 30:10; so Qr Je 49:28 (Kt נבוכדראצור מ׳ ב׳); נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר֑ (מֶלֶךְ בָּבֶל om.) Je 32:1; 52:28, 29, 30. Spelt corruptly with n, נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר מ׳ ב׳ (cf. SchrCOT 2 K 24, 1 n.) 2 Ch 36:6 Dn 1:1 Je 27:6, 8, 20; 28:3; 29:3 Ezr 2:1 Qr (Kt נבוכדנצור מ׳ ב׳, cf. Je 49:28 supr.); נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר alone 2 Ch 36:7, 10, 13 (הַמֶּלֶךְ נ׳), Je 29:1; נְבֻכַדְנֶאצַּר מ׳ ב׳ 2 K 24:1, 10, 11; 25:1, 8, 22 Je 28:11, 14; נְבֻכַדְנֶאצַּר֑ 1 Ch 5:41; נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר מ׳ ב׳ Ne 7:6 Est 2:6; נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר Ezr 1:7 (מ׳ ב׳ om.), נְבֻכַדְנֶצַּר Dn 2:1(×2), נְבֻכַדְנֶצַּר֑ 1:18 (v. also Tobit 14:5, Jud 1:1 + often, as 𝔊 supr.)—On N. v. further TieleBab.-Assyrian Gesch, 421 ff., 454 ff.
אִיּוֹב n.pr.m. Job (meaning unknown; Thes √ איב; obj. of enmity, cf. for pass. sense יִלּוֹד; Ew comp. Ara. أَوَّابٌ he who turns (to God); but cf. Di on 1:1; all dub. cf. LagBN 90) Jb 1:1, 5(×3), 8, 9, 14 + 48 textual Jb; Ez 14:14, 20.
אֱלִישָׁע n.pr.m. (God is salvation, cf. אֱלִישׁוּעַ, Sab. יתֿעאל DHMZMG 1883, 15) the prophet Elisha, the successor of Elijah 1 K 19:16 + 57 times all K; Ἐλισα, Ἐλισαιε 𝔊; Ἐλισαιος Lu 4:27.
אָסָא n.pr.m. (perhaps healer) I king of Judah, son of Abijam and father of Jehoshaphat 1 K 15:8, 9, 11 + 24 times 1 K 15; 16; 22; 1 Ch 3:10 2 Ch 13:23 + 28 times 2 Ch 14–21; Je 41:9. Perhaps apoc. theophoric name, cf. רְפָאֵל. Also son of Elkanah and father of Berechiah 1 Ch 9:16.
יֵהוּא n.pr.m. (prob. contr. from יהוהוא = י׳ is He, cf. יֵשׁוּעַ and reff.; cuneif. Ia-u-a COT 1 K 16:23 2 K 9:2 (further SchrMBAW 1880, 277, SchrZA iii. 3 HptBAS i. 296, 329 Jäger ib. 468); cf. also אֱלִיהוּ)— 1. king of Israel who overthrew the dynasty of Omri (𝔊 Εἰου, A often Ἰηου, 𝔊L Ἰου) 1 K 19:16, 17(×2) 2 K 9:2 + 36 times 2 K 9 & 10 + 12:2; 13:1; 14:8; 15:12; 2 Ch 22:7, 8, 9; 25:17; Ho 1:4. †2. prophet of N. Israel in time of Baasha & Jehoshaphat (𝔊 Εἰου, A Εἰηου 𝔊L Ἰου in K; 𝔊 Ἰου, Ἰησου, A 𝔊L Ἰηου in Ch) 1 K 16:1, 7, 12; 2 Ch 19:2; 20:34. †3. one of David’s heroes 1 Ch 12:3 (𝔊 Ἰηουλ, 𝔊L Ἰηουδ)). †4. a Judaite 1 Ch 2:38(×2) (𝔊 Ἰησους, A 𝔊L Ἰηου). 5. a Simeonite prince 1 Ch 4:35 (𝔊 οὗτος i.e. (י)הוּא; A 𝔊L Ἰηου).
יְרִיחוֹ, יְרִיחֹה, יְרֵחוֹ n.pr.loc. Jericho (on form see Baer on Jos 2:1 Je 39:5 KöEinl. 49; √ and meaning dub.; according to Thes al. from רָוַח, = regio fragrans, the district abounding in palms, rose-gardens, balsam, etc.);—יְרִיחוֹ Jos 2:1 + 27 times Jos (19 times JE, 3 times D, 6 times P), + 5 times 2 K 2; יְרִחוֹ Jos 18:21 2 S 10:5 Je 39:5; 52:8; יְרִחֹה 1 K 16:34; יְרֵחוֹ Dt 34:1 (P), v 3 (D), Nu 22:1 (P) + 9 times P, 2 K 25:5 Ezr 2:34 Ne 3:2; 7:36 + 3 times Ch;—Canaanit. city taken by Josh. Jos 6:1 (JE) +; having a king 2:2, 3; 8:2; 10:1 (all JE), 10:28, 30; 12:9 (all D); near Jordan, whence (יְרִיחוֹ) יַרְדֵּן יְרֵחוֹ, v. יַרְדֵּן supr.; Mt. Nebo is described as עַל־פְּנֵי יְרֵחוֹ Dt 32:49; 34:1 (P); (called עִיר הַתְּמָרִים Jud 1:16; 3:13; so in appos. Dt 34:3 2 Ch 28:15); the adjacent plain is called בִּקְעַת יְרֵחוֹ Dt 34:3 (JE); עַרְבוֹת יְרֵחוֹ 2 K 25:5 = Je 39:5 = 52:8; ע׳ יְרִיחוֹ Jos 4:13; 5:10 (both P); among returning exiles appear בְּנֵי יְרֵחוֹ Ezr 2:34 = Ne 7:36, and among builders of wall אַנְשֵׁי יְרֵחוֹ Ne 3:2 (BeRy Ryle ad loc. and Ezr 2:34);—mod. rîḥâ; see also GASmGeogr. 266 ff.
Πειλᾶτος (Rec. Πιλάτος, Tr., -ᾶτος, see WH, App., 155), -ου, ὁ, Pontius Pilate: Mat.27:2, Mrk.15:1, Luk.3:1, Jhn.18:29, Act.3:13, 1Ti.6:13, al (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
אֶסְתֵּר n.pr.f. Esther (Pers. stâra, star)—daughter of Abihail, cousin and adopted daughter of Mordecai, of tribe of Benjamin; made queen in Vashti’s place by Ahasuerus; her Jewish name הֲדַסָּה q.v. Est 2:7, 8, 10, 11, 15(×2), 16, 17 + 47 times Est.
Μαρία, -ας (Hellenized form), and Μαριάμ, indecl., ἡ (Aram. מַרְיָם; Heb. (MT) מִרְיָם) Mary. In NT; __1. the mother of Jesus: Mat.1:16 ff. Mat.2:11 13:55, Mrk.6:3, Luk.1:27 ff. Luk.2:5, 16 2:19, 34, Act.1:14 __2. M. Magdalene (which see). __3. The wife of Clopas (Jhn.19:25) and mother of James the little, and Joses: Mat.27:56, 61 28:1, Mrk.15:40, 47 16:1, Luk.24:10. __4. The sister of Martha and Lazarus: Luk.10:39, 42 Jhn.11:1-2, 19 ff. Jhn.12:3. __5. The mother of John Mark: Act.12:12. __6. A Christian greeted by St. Paul: Rom.16:6 (on the signification of the name, see Zorell, see word; on the use of the alternative forms in NT, DB, iii, 278 bn).† (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
הָמָן n.pr.m. Haman, favourite of Ahasuerus (etym. dub.; according to JenVOJ 1892, 58 ff. = Elamit. n.pr.div. Ḫumban, or Ḫumman)—Est 3:1 + 53 times in Esther.
II. לָבָן54 n.pr.m. son of Bethuel, brother of Rebekah, and father-in-law of Jacob (𝔊 Λαβαν), Gn 24:29(×2), 50; 27:43; 28:2, 5 + 17 times J (Gn 29, 30, 31, 32); 29:15, 16, 19, 21, 22, 26 + 18 times E (Gn 31, 32, ל׳ הָאֲרַמִּי 31:24); 25:20 (ל׳ הָאֲרַמִּי) 28:5 (id.), also 28:2; 29:24, 29; 46:18, 25 (all P).
יֹאשִׁיָּ֫הוּ, יֹאשִׁיָּה n.pr.m. (י׳ supporteth) 1. יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ king of Judah, son of Amon 1 K 13:2 2 K 21:24, 26 + 11 times K, + 19 times Ch, + 17 times Je + Zp 1:1; also יֹאו֯שִׁיָּהוּ Je 27:1. 2. יֹאשִׁיָּה a returned exile Zc 6:10.
צָדוֹק and (1 K 1:26) צָדֹק54 n.pr.m. (just, righteous; cf. Sab. n.pr. צדק CIS iv, No. 287, 1. 2. 11. 15 etc., DHMHof museum. No. 32);—Σαδωκ, Σαδδουκ (cf. LagBN 225 ff.):— 1. 48 priests: a. David’s time 2 S 8:17 = 1 Ch 18:16, 2 S 15:24, 25 + 23 times S K Ch, + (Sol.’s time) 1 K 2:35 = 1 Ch 29:22, 1 K 4:2, 4; ancestor of בְּנֵי צָדוֹק Ez 40:46; 44:15; 48:11, זֶרַע צ׳ 43:19, בֵּית צ׳ 2 Ch 31:10; descendant of Eleazar 1 Ch 5:34(×2) + 5 times Ch. b. 1 Ch 5:38(×2), poss. = c. 1 Ch 9:11; Ne 11:11. †2. father-in-law of Uzziah 2 K 15:33 = 2 Ch 27:1. †3. two wall-builders: a. Ne 3:4. b. v 29; perhaps = c. 10:22, and d. צ׳ הַסּוֹפֵר 13:13.
דָּנִיֵּאל n.pr.m. Daniel (BH id.);—Dn 2:13, 14 + 50 times Dn.
† יְהוֹיָדָע, יוֹיָדָע n.pr.m. (י׳ knoweth; cf. יְדַעְיָה, אֶלְיָדָע & reff., בְּעֶלְיָדָע)— 1. יְהוֹ׳; 𝔊 usually Ἰωδαε, A sometimes Ἰωιαδαε (2 S 23:30 +), 𝔊L Ἰωαδ (2 S 20:23 Ἰωαδδαι), father of Benaiah (David’s time), in combin. בְּנָיָהוּ בֶּן־יְהוֹ׳ 2 S 8:18; 20:23; 23:20, 22 1 K 1:8, 26, 32, 36, 38, 44; 2:25, 29, 34, 35, 46; 4:4; 1 Ch 1, 24; 18:17; 27:5; יְהוֹיָדָע בֶּן־בְּנָיָהוּ 1 Ch 27:34 is prob. erron. inversion of the usual order; יְהוֹ׳ alone only 1 Ch 12:28 (where called הַנָּגִיד לְאַחֲרֹן). 2. יְהוֹ׳, 𝔊 usually Ἰωδαε A sometimes Ἰωιαδαε etc., (chief) priest at Jerus. in time of Joash 2 K 11:4, 9(×2), 15, 17; 12:3, 8, 10; 2 Ch 22:11; 23:1, 8(×2), 9, 11, 14, 16, 18; 24:2, 3, 6, 12, 14(×2), 15, 17, 20, 22, 25 Je 29:26. 3. יוֹיָדָע a builder at wall of Jerus., with Nehemiah, Ne 3:6 (𝔊 Ἰοειαα, Ἰοειδα, Ἰωδαε, etc.) 4. יוֹ׳ son of h. p. Eliashib Ne 12:10, 11, 22; 13:28 (𝔊 Ἰωδα, Ἰωδαε, Ἰωιαδα).
נַפְתָּלִי51 n.pr.m. et trib. Naphtali, Νεφθαλει(μ), etc. (interpr. as my wrestling Gn 30:8; perhaps orig. crafty, cunning one);— 1. second son of Jacob and Bilhah Gn 30:8 (J), 35:25; 46:24 (P), 1 Ch 2:2, cf. Gn 49:21 (poem). 2. as a tribe of Isr.: a. Ju 1:33; 4:10; 5:18; Dt 33:23(×2) +; so (Hex, only P) בְּנֵי נ׳ Ju 4:6; Nu 1:42 + 6 times, מַטֵּה נ׳ Nu 2:29; 1 K 7:14 + 5 times, מַטֵּה בְּנֵי נ׳ Nu 10:27; 34:28; Jos 19:39; שַׁעַר נ׳ Ez 48:34 (in new Jerus.); אֶרֶץ נ׳ 1 K 15:20; 2 K 15:29, cf. Is 8:23; קֶדֶשׁ נ׳ Ju 4:6; הַר נ׳ Jos 20:7; גְּבוּל נ׳ Ez 48:4, יָ֫מָּה נ׳ v 3; עָרֵי נ׳ 2 Ch 16:4. b. as territorial name Dt 34:2 (JE) 1 K 4:15; 1 Ch 12:41 (van d. H. v 40), 2 Ch 34:6; Ju 6:35; 7:23 might be a or b.
רְחַבְעָם49 n.pr.m. Rehoboam (word-play on רחב Ecclus 47:23 c);—king of Judah, son of Solomon; Ροβοαμ: 1 K 11:43; 12:1, 3, 6 + 16 times 1 K 12, 14, + 15:6 ‖ 2 Ch 9:31; 10:1, 3, 6 + 21 times 2 Ch 10, 11, 12, + 13:7(×2); also 1 Ch 3:10.
† חִתִּי adj. et n.gent. Hittite(s) (Egyptian Ḫ-tá, Ḫetá. W Max MüllAsien u. Europa, 319 ff.; Assyrian Ḫatti, SchrKG 192 ff. COT on Gn 10:19 DlPa, 269 ff.; Tel-el-Amarna Ḫatti, Ḫatta BezTel el Amarn. Brit. Mus. 150)—m. always c. art. הַחִתִּי Gn 23:10 Ex 3:8 +; f. חִתִּית Ez 16:3, 45; mpl. הַחִתִּים Jos 1:4 + 3 times; fpl. חִתִּיֹּת 1 K 11:1;— 1. adj., of seller of Machpelah to Abr., עֶפְרוֹן הַחִתִּי Gn 23:10; 49:29, 30; 50:13; עֶפְרֹן בֶּן־צֹחַר הַח׳ 25:9 (all P); of fathers of Esau’s wives בְּאֵרִי הַח׳ Gn 26:34; אֵילוֹן הַח׳ v 34; 36:2 (all P); also of warriors of David, אֲחִימֶלֶךְ הַח׳ 1 S 26:6, and especially אוּרִיָּה הַח׳ 2 S 11:3, 6, 17, 21, 24; 12:9, 10; 23:39 1 K 15:5 1 Ch 11:41; fs. = subst., only of (religious) ancestry of Jerus. Ez 16:3 thy father was the Amorite, and thy mother was a Hittite woman חִתִּית, similarly v 45; fpl.; = subst. of Sol.’s foreign wives, חִתִּיֹּת 1 K 11:1 Hittite women (+ מוֹאֲבִיּוֹת, עַמּוֹנִיּוֹת, אֲדֹמִיִּת, צֵדְנִיֹּת). 2. n. usually a. coll. הַחִתִּי the Hittites: in lists of Canaanitish peoples Gn 15:20 (JE), Ex 3:8, 17 (both J), 13:5, 23:23, 28; 33:2; 34:11 Nu 13:29 Jos 3:10 (all JE), Dt 7:1; 20:17 Jos 9:1; 12:8; 24:11 (all D); read also for הַחִוִּי Ju 3:3 (so We Mey BuUrg. 350); in Jos 11:3 (D) del. הַחִתִּי We Mey Bul.c., and read then הַחִתִּי for הַחִוִּי v b (so 𝔊, not 𝔊L); further 1 K 9:20 = 2 Ch 8:7, Ezr 9:1 Ne 9:8. b. pl. הַחִתִּים: כֹּל אֶרֶץ הַחִתִּים Jos 1:4 (D) nearly = land of Canaanites; ארץ הַח׳ specif. of northern home of Hittites Ju 1:26; so also 2 S 24:6 where read אֶרֶץ הַחִתִּים קֵ֫דְשָׁה (for MT תחתים חָדְשִׁי, v. חָדְשִׁי, קֵדֶשׁ); מַלְכֵי הַחִתִּים 1 K 10:29 = 2 Ch 1:17 (both + מַלְכֵי אֲרָם), 2 K 7:6 (+ מַלְכֵי מִצְרַיִם, both feared by אֲרָם). Hence it appears that הַחִתִּי(ם) had their proper seat in the north—where also they were encountered by Assyrians from time of TP I (v. Schr Dll.c.), and by Egyptians from time of Tutmes III (v. W Max Mülll.c.).—(cf. also Ju 3:3 Jos 11:3 supr.), but that individual Hittites were known in Isr. (cf., besides 1 S 2:6 2 S 11:3 etc., 1 K 9:20 supr.); that the Hittites were regarded (by JED) as one of the peoples of Canaan, and that the name even came to be used in more gen. sense for Canaanites. Only in P do they appear as having a definite settlement in the south, and are designated by בְּנֵי־חֵת (v. חֵת), as well as by the adj. הַחתִּי.
† יָהּ50 n.pr.dei contr. from יהוה, first appears in early poems; Ex 15:2 עָזִּי וְזִמְרָת יָהּ My strength and song is Yah (cited Is 12:2 ψ 118:14), cf. the poetic extract יָד עַל כֵּם יָהּ = hand to the throne of Yah Ex 17:16 (E), the song of Hezekiah Is 38:11 (repeated by dittography), (א)שׁ להבת יה (so read in preference to the MT שַׁלְהֶבֶתְיָה) = flame of fire from Yah Ct 8:6; ביה יהוה Is 26:4 (יהוה sustained by Aq and the rhythmical movement, unless it be a mistake for שׁמו, cf. ψ 68:5), יה אלהים ψ 68:19. Elsewhere יָהּ is used only in late ψ, especially in the Hallels, in the phrase הַלֲלוּ־יָהּ praise ye Yah ψ 104:35; 105:45; 106:1, 48; 111:1; 112:1; 113:1, 9; 115:18; 116:19; 117:2; 135:1, 3, 21; 146:1, 10; 147:1, 20; 148:1, 14; 149:1, 9; 150:1, 6, cf. also יהלל יה 102:19 יהללו יה 115:17 תהלל יה ψ 150:6 (v. הלל); in var. other phrases ψ 77:12; 89:9; 94:7, 12; 115:18; 118:5, 5, 14, 17, 18, 19; 122:4; 130:3; 135:4.
יִשְׁמָעֵאל48 n.pr.m. (Ēl heareth; Sab. יסמעאל Hal 187; on form cf. LagBN 131);— 1. son of Abraham and Hagar Gn 16:11 (name expl. כִּי שָׁמַע י׳ וגו׳), v 15, 16 + 11 times Gn 17:25, 28:9(×2), 36:3 1 Ch 1:28, 29, 31; Ισμαηλ. 2. usually Ισμαηλ: murderer of Gedaliah Je 40:8, 14, 15, 16 + 17 times Je 41, 2 K 25:23, 25 (𝔊L Ισραηλ!). 3. in Benj. 1 Ch 8:38; 9:44. 4. in Judah: a. 2 Ch 19:11. b. 23:1. 5. Jew with foreign wife Ezr 10:22, Σαμαηλ, A 𝔊L Ισμαηλ.
† עֲזַרְיָ֫הוּ, עֲזַרְיָה n.pr.m. (י׳ hath helped); Azariah (OHeb. עזריהו, Ph. עזרבעל, Old Aramaic הדדעזר, הדעדר, Lzb338, 258 Cook42);—Αζαριας: 1. king of Judah (Assyrian Azriyâʾû COT 2 K 15:1 JägerBAS i. 468) עֲוַרְיָהוּ 2 K 15:6, 8; עֲוַרְיָה 14:21; 15:1, 7, 17, 23, 27; 1 Ch 3:12 (v. עֻזִּיָּה). 2. -יָהוּ officer of Sol. 1 K 4:5. 3. id. prophet 2 Ch 15:1. 4. sons of Jehosh.: a. id., 2 Ch 21:2. b. -יָה v 2. 5. priests: a. -יָהוּ 1 K 4:2 = -יָה 1 Ch 5:36, 37; Ezr 7:3. b. -יָה 1 Ch 5:35(×2). c. id., 1 Ch 5:39, 40; 9:11; Ezr 7:1. d. id., Ne 10:3. e. -יָהוּ 2 Ch 31:10, 13, = -יָה 26:17, 20. 6. Levites, -יָהוּ: a. 2 Ch 29:12. b. v 12. -יָה: c. 1 Ch 6:21. d. Ne 8:7. 7. -יָהוּ a temple captain 2 Ch 23:1 a (van d. H. -יָה cf. Ginsbmargin), v 1 b. 8. -יָה wall-builder Ne 3:23, 24. 9. -יָה one with Zerub. 7:7 (שְׂרָיָה ‖ Ezr 2:2). 10. -יָה 12:33. 11. -יָהוּ Ephraimite 2 Ch 28:12. 12. -יָה name in Judah: a. son of Ethan (!) 1 Ch 2:8. b. v 38, 39.*—For עֲזַרְיָה 2 Ch 22:6 read אֲחַזְיָה, cf. v 7.
שַׁדַּי48 n.m. dei (etym. dub. (1) Aq Sym Theod ἱκανός; Rabb שֶׁ־ + דַּי (self-)sufficient, no moderns. (2)= almighty, √ שׁדד + י = Thes De Di Sta, or √ שׁדה = שׁדד, n. intens. Ew§ 155 c, but שׁדד (q.v.) is deal violently not simply mightily; cf. 𝔊 παντοκράτωρ 14 (15) times (but in Pent. אל שׁ׳ is ὁ Θεός μου, σου, etc.), 𝔙 mostly omnipotens. (3) שֵׁדַי (v. שֵׁד) my sovereign lord, ‖ אֲדֹנָי, בעלי NöSBA 1880, 775; ZMG xlii (1888), 481; HoffmPh. Inscr. 53; used of foreign deities (Dt 32:17), and so discredited (cf. בַּעַל).—> other conj., e.g. RSOTJC, 424 √ שׁדה pour forth (God as rain-giver); DlPr 96 sq. Assyrian šadûʾ, high, ilu šadûʾa, CheComm. Is ii. 148, or šadû, mountain, also in n.pr.; v. further Dr Gn 404 ff.);— 1. שַׁדַּי Nu 24:4, 16 (JE, poem), and so as archaism Ru 1:20, 21 ψ 68:15; 91:1 Jo 1:15 = Is 13:6; Ez 1:24 (del. Co); especially Jb 5:17 + 30 times Jb (+ 19:29 Ew Di, reading שׁ׳ for שׁדין). 2. אֵל שַׁדַּי Gn 49:25 (poem; so read for אֵת שׁ׳, v. Sam. 𝔊 𝔖 Saad, Heb. Codd.), and so, as archaism, divine name of patriarchs in P, Gn 17:1; 28:3; 35:11; 48:3; Ex 6:3; Gn 43:14 (RP); so Ez 10:5 (del. Co; but 𝔊 Σαδδαι).
† יְהוֹאָשׁ, יוֹאָשׁ n.pr.m. 𝔊 Ἰωας (י׳ is strong, cf. אישׁ; or hath bestowed, cf. Arabic آسَ bestow; Ph. יאש n.pr.f.; Sab. אלאוס Hal 150, אוסאל Hal 144, יאוסאל Hal 192, cf. DHMZMG 1883, 15);— 1. יְהו׳ king of Judah, son of Ahaziah (Jehoahaz 3) 2 K 12:1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 19; 14:13, = יוֹאָשׁ 2 K 11:2; 12:20, 21; 13:1, 10; 14:1, 3, 17, 23; 1 Ch 3:11; 2 Ch 22:11; 24:2, 4, 22, 24; 25:23, 25; = יֹאָשׁ 2 Ch 24:1. 2. יְהוֹ׳ king of Israel, son of Jehoahaz 2, 2 K 13:10, 25; 14:8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17 = יוֹאָשׁ 2 K 13:9, 12, 13(×2), 14, 25; 14:1, 23, 27 2 Ch 25:17, 18, 21, 23, 25 Ho 1:1 Am 1:1. 3. יו׳ father of Gideon (Jerubbaal) Ju 6:11, 29, 30, 31; 7:14; 8:13, 29, 32, 32. 4. יו׳ a prince of Ahab’s house, called בֶּן־הַמֶּלֶךְ 1 K 22:26 = 2 Ch 18:25. 5. יו׳ one of David’s heroes 1 Ch 12:3 (𝔊 Ἰωα, Ἰωας, A Ἰωρας). 6. יוֹאָשׁ a Judaite prince 1 Ch 4:22 (𝔊 Ἰωαδα, Ἰωας).
II. רָחֵל47 n. pr. f. (ewe, RSK 219);—Rachel, Ραχηλ, daughter of Laban and wife of Jacob: Gn 29:6, 9, 10, 11, 28, 29, 30 + 36 times Gn (JE 37 times, P 6 times), + קְבֻרַת(־)ר׳ 35:20 (JE), 1 S 10:2 (cf. אֶפְרָתָה 1, p. 68; on site vid. DrHast.DB. Rachel); ר׳ (in fig.) Je 31:15; ר׳ Ru 4:11 (in sim.).
אָסָף n.pr.m. (gatherer, cf. Ph. n.pr.f. אספת) †1. father of יוֹאָח the recorder 2 K 18:18, 37 = Is 36:3, 22. 2. one of David’s chief musicians, a Levite, son of Berechiah 1 Ch 6:24(×2) (‖ הֵימָן v 18, אֵיתָן v 29 vid. these names); 15:17 (‖ Heman & Ethan, all called) הַמְשֹׁרֲרִים v 19, v. also 16:5(×2), 7 cf. v 37 (‖ Heman & Jeduthun v 41, 42); 25:9, named with Heman & Jeduthun also 25:6; 2 Ch 5:12; 35:15; ψ 50. 73–83 are ascribed to Asaph; cf. also בִּימֵי דָוִיד וְאָסָף Ne 12:46; he is called also הַחֹזֶה 2 Ch 29:30, cf. אָסָף הַנִּבָּא עַל־יְדֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ 1 Ch 25:2; repeated mention is made also of sons of Asaph בְּנֵי־אָסָף, sons, descendants, and pupils, or those who sang and played after his manner 1 Ch 25:1 (‖ Heman & Jeduthun) v 2(×2); called הַמְשֹׁרֲרִים 2 Ch 35:15; Ezr 2:41; Ne 7:44; 11:22, cf. Ezr 3:10; performing service of purification, Hezekiah’s time 2 Ch 29:13, one of them prophesying 2 Ch 20:14;—1 Ch 26:1 for בְּנֵי אָסָף read בְּנֵי אֶבְיָסָף, cf. 9:19; on זִכְרִי 9:15, זַבְדִּי Ne 11:17, זַכּוּר 12:35, called בֶּן־אָסָף, v. these names. †3. keeper of king’s park Ne 2:8.
נֹחַ46 n.pr.m. Noah (Nab. n.pr. נוח Lzb 322, Syriac n.pr. ܢܘܚ MeissnVOJ viii, (1894), 303 ad fin. (No. 116));—Gn 5:29 (where trad. etym.), + 40 times Gn 5–10 (not in ED); 1 Ch 1:4; נֹחַ דָּנִאֵל וְאִיּוֹב Ez 14:14, 20; מֵי נֹחַ = flood Is 54:9(×2); 𝔊 Νωε.—On hist. of interpret. of name v. GoldziherZMG xxiv. (1870), 207 ff.
† דַּמֶּ֫שֶׂק n.pr.loc. Damascus (Assyrian Dimašḳi, Dimasḳi, DlPa 280 SchrCOT Gn 15, 2 & ABK 323 Jäger BAS ii. 281 f.; Arabic دَمِشْقُ, دِمِشْقُ; Aramaic 𝔗 Onk, etc. דמשק, Ps-Jon דרמשק; ܕܰܪܡܣܘܽܩ )—דַּמֶּשֶׂק 1 K 11:24 + 28 times; דַּמָּ֑שֶׂק Gn 14:15 + 8 times; דַּרְמֶשֶׂק 1 Ch 18:5 + 3 times Ch; דַּרְמָ֑שֶׂק 2 Ch 24:23; 28:5, דּוּמֶּשֶׂק 2 K 16:10; דְּמֶשֶׁק Am 3:12 v. foll., Vrss. דַּמֶּשֶׂק;—ancient Aramaean city, situated lat. 33° 30ˊ N., long. 36° 15ˊ E., in plain E. of Hermon & SE. of Anti-Lebanon; on the Nahr Baradâ (Gk. Chrysorrhoas); mod. Dimishḳ & Esh-Sham, RobBR iii. 440 ff. BdPal 307; Damascus Gn 14:15; Am 5:27; 1 K 11:24(×2) 2 K 14:28; Ct 7:5; so also prob. Gn 15:2 (perhaps gloss cf. Di), (&Am 3:12 v. foll.); a trading-centre Ez 27:18; as capital & residence of king of Aram 1 K 15:18 = 2 Ch 16:2, cf. 1 K 20:34; 2 K 16:9, 10(×2), 11(×2), 12; 2 Ch 28:5; Is 7:8(×2); 8:4; 10:9 (cf. PetersHbr April 1885, 242) 17:1(×2), 3; Je 49:23, 24, 27; including also surrounding territory Ez 47:16, 17 cf. v 18; 48:1, v. מִדְבַּ֫רָה ד׳ 1 K 19:15; נַהֲרוֹת ד׳ 2 K 5:12; = kingdom Am 1:3, 5 cf. Zc 9:1; once (late) מֶלֶךְ ד׳ 2 Ch 24:23; note, also אֲרַם ד׳ 2 S 8:5, 6 = 1 Ch 18:5, 6; further אֱלֹהֵי ד׳ 2 Ch 28:23 (‖ אֱלֹהֵי מַלְכֵי אֲרָם).
† זְבוּלֻן, זְבֻלוּן n.pr.m. Zebulun (on expl. of name given in E and J cf. זבד, זבל);—זְבוּלֻן Gn 49:13 + 25 times; זְבֻלוּן Ju 5:18 + 17 times; זְבוּלוּן Ju 1:30;— 1. sixth son of Jacob and Leah Gn 30:20; 35:23; 46:14; 49:13 Ex 1:3 1 Ch 2:1. 2. the tribe of Zebulun Nu 1:9 Dt 27:13; 33:18(×2) Ju 1:30; 4:10; 5:14, 18 Ez 48:26 1 Ch 12:34, 41; 27:19 2 Ch 30:11, 18; cf. שָׂרֵי ז׳ ψ 68:28; שַׁעַר ז׳ Ez 48:33; בְּנֵי ז׳ Nu 1:30; 2:7; 7:24; 26:26 Jos 19:10, 16 Ju 4:6; מַטֵּה ז׳ Nu 1:31; 2:7; 13:10; מַטֵּה בְּנֵי ז׳ Nu 10:16; 34:25. 3. territory of the tribe אֶרֶץ ז׳ Ju 12:12, אַרְצָה ז׳ Is 8:23, גְּבוּל ז׳ Ez 48:27; also ז׳ alone Jos 19:27, 34 2 Ch 30:10, מַטֵּה ז׳ Jos 21:7, 34 1 Ch 6:48, 62.
† חָלָב n.m. milk (NH id. (and vb. denom.); Aramaic חַלְבָּא, ܚܰܠܒܳܐ, Ph. חלב; Arabic حَليبٌ n. fresh milk, حَلَبَ vb. milk; Assyrian alibu, milk, v. DlPr 174; Ethiopic ሐሊብ )—ח׳ abs. Gn 18:18 + 35 times + Ez 34:3 (v. infr.); cstr. חֲלֵב Ex 23:19 + 5 times; sf. חֲלָבִי Ct 5:1, חֲלָבֵךְ Ez 25:4;—milk: a. as common food Gn 18:8 (J; distinct from חֶמְאָה curd, q.v.), חֲלֵב צֹאן Dt 32:14 (poet.; distinct from חֶמְאַת בָּקָר); in Ju 5:25 חָלָב is used parallel with חֶמְאָה; elsewhere חֶמְאָה seems to be produced from חָלָב:—מִיץ חָלָב יוֹצִיא חֶמְאָה Pr 30:33 a pressing (squeezing) of milk produces curd; מֵרֹב עֲשׂוֹת חָלָב יֹאכַל חֶמְאָה Is 7:22 because of abundant yield of milk he shall eat curd; cf. also חֲרִצֵי הֶחָלָב 1 S 17:18 cuts of milk, i.e. cheeses; it was received in buckets or pails (עֲטִינָיו) Jb 21:24 (v. Ew De Di VB), and kept in skins (נֹאוד ח׳) Ju 4:19; men drank it (שׁתה) Ez 25:4 (cf. השׁקה Ju 4:19), but also ate it (אכל), if emend. הֶחָלָב Ez 34:3 (for הַחֵלֶב) is right, 𝔊 𝔙 Bö Hi-Sm Co, al.; it was poured out, v. sim. of formation of the embryo הֲלֹא כֶח׳ תַּתִּיכֵנִי Jb 10:10 hast thou not poured me out like milk? specif. (1) חֲלֵב עִזִּים לְלַחְמְךָ Pr 27:27 milk of goats for thy food (RSSem i. 204). (2) c. אֵם mother’s milk: of kid לֹא־תְבַשֵּׁל גְּדִי בַּחֲלֵב אִמּוֹ Ex 23:19 = 34:26 (JE) = Dt 14:21, cf. טְלֵה ח׳ 1 S 7:9 sucking lamb (for sacrif.); but also of human beings גְּמוּלֵי מֵח׳ Is 28:9 weaned from milk (‖ עַתִּיקֵי מִשָּׁדָ֑יִם); fig. in promise to Zion וְיָנַקְתְּ חֲלֵב גּוֹיִם Is 60:16 and thou shalt suck the milk of nations (‖ וְשֹׁד מְלָכִים תִּינָ֑קִי). (3) ח׳ with wine, as especially delicacy Ct 5:1 (v. De), fig. of י׳’s choicest blessings Is 55:1. (4) often in phr. of productiveness of land of Canaan זָבַת חָלָב וּדְבָ֑שׁ (דְּבַשׁ) flowing with milk and honey Ex 3:8, 17; 13:5; 33:3 Nu 13:27; 14:8; 16:14 (all JE), Lv 20:24 (H), Dt 6:3; 11:9; 26:9, 15; 27:3; 31:20 Jos 5:6 Je 11:5; 32:22 Ez 20:6, 15, of Egypt Nu 16:13; the hills תֵּלַכְנָה ח׳ Jo 4:18 (‖ יִטְּפוּ הֶהָרִים עָסִיס); fig. of charms of loved one דְּבַשׁ וְח׳ תַּחַת לְשׁוֹנֵךְ Ct 4:12 honey and milk are under thy tongue. b. milk as white לְבֶן־שִׁנַּיִם מֵח׳ Gn 49:12 white of teeth, from milk; צַחוּ מֵח׳ La 4:7 they were whiter than milk (‖ זַכּוּ מִשֶּׁלֶג); so also prob. of eyes (iris) רֹחֲצוֹת בֶּח׳ Ct 5:12 bathed in milk, i.e. the white of the eye.—On milk as not used by Israel in sacrifice v. RSSem 204.
יְהוֹנָתָן, יוֹנָתָן יְהוֹנָתָן, יוֹנָתָן n.pr.m. 𝔊 Ἰωναθαν throughout, with occasional var. (י׳ hath given; cf. אֶלְנָתָן, נְתַנְיָהוּ, נְתַנְאֵל, & reff., Temanite רמננתן HalRÉJ 1884, ix. 7 f. NbrStud. Bib. i. 211; Sab. והבאום Hal 10)— 1. יְהוֹ׳ son of Saul 1 S 14:6, 8; 18:1(×2) + 40 times 1 S; 2 S 1:4 + 18 times 2 S; 1 Ch 8:33, 34; 9:39, 40; = יוֹ׳ 1 S 13:2, 3 + 27 times 1 S, 1 Ch 10:2. †2. יְהוֹ׳ son of Abiathar 2 S 15:27, 36; 17:17, 20; = יוֹ׳ 1 K 1:42, 43. †3. יְהוֹ׳ nephew of David 2 S 21:21 = 1 Ch 20:7; appar. called Jonadab 2 S 13:3 ff. where 𝔊L Ἰωναθαν, cf. יְהוֹנָדָב" dir="rtl" >יהונדב 2. †4. יְהוֹ׳; דּוֹד of David, i.e. his uncle? 1 Ch 27:32. †5. יְהוֹ׳ one of David’s heroes 2 S 23:32 (cf. Dr) = יוֹנָתָן 1 Ch 11:34. †6. יְהוֹ׳ one of David’s treasurers 1 Ch 27:25. †7. יְהוֹ׳ a scribe Je 37:15, 20; 38:26. †8. Levites a. יְהוֹ׳ 2 Ch 17:8; b. יוֹ׳ Ne 12:35. †9. יְהוֹ׳ a priest Ne 12:18. †10. יְהוֹ׳ priest to the tribe of Dan, son of Gershom Ju 18:30. †11. יוֹ׳ a Judaite captain, after fall of Jerus. Je 40:8. †12. יוֹ׳ a Judaite 1 Ch 2:32, 33. †13. יוֹ׳ father of Ebed Ezr 8:6. †14. יוֹ׳ son of Asahel Ezr 10:15. †15. יוֹ׳ a priest Ne 12:14. †16. יוֹ׳ son of Joiada Ne 12:11(×2) appar. = יְהוֹחָנָן 2.
שִׁמְעוֹן44 n.pr.m. (cf. n.pr. שמעון in Palm. Lzb 378; meaning doubtful; RS al. cp. سِمْعٌ, said to mean offspring of hyena and wolf; v. HoggEB iv. 4531);— 1. second son of Jacob and Leah, Συμεων: Gn 29:33 (name expl. from שָׁמַע), 35:23 Ex 1:2 + 14 times (assoc. especially with Levi Gn 34:25, 30; 49:5). 2. tribal name Ju 1:3(×2), 17 Nu 1:6 +; so בְּנֵי שׁ׳ Nu 1:22 + 7 times, מַטֵּה שׁ׳ Nu 1:23; 2:12; 13:5; מַטֵּה בְנֵי שׁ׳ 10:19; 34:20 Jos 19:1, 8; 21:9 1 Ch 6:50. †3. post-ex.. Jew with foreign wife Ezr 10:31.
I. שִׁמְעִי43 I. שִׁמְעִי43 n.pr.m. usually Σεμεει: 1. in Benj.: a. 2 S 16:5, 7, 13; 19:17, 19, 22, 24, 1 K 2:8 + 10 times 1 K 2. †b. 1 K 1:8, perhaps = 4:18. 2. a Ramathite 1 Ch 27:27. †3. Levites: a. ‘son’ of Gershon Ex 6:17 Nu 3:18 1 Ch 6:2; 23:7, 9, 10(×2). b. 6:14. c. v 27. d. 25:17 e. 2 Ch 29:14. f. 31:12, 13. g. Ezr 10:23. †4. brother of Zerub. 1 Ch 3:19. †5. in Simeon 4:26, 27. †6. in Reuben 5:4. †7. 1 Ch 8:13 = (ii.) שֶׁמַע v 13. †8. post-ex. names: a. Ezr 10:33. b. v 38 (cf. 3 g supr.). †9. grandfather of Mordecai Est 2:5. 10. 2 S 21:21 Kt (Qr שִׁמְעָא q.v. 1).
Ἡρῴδης (Rec. -ώδης), -ου, ὁ Herod; __1. Herod the Great: Mat.2:1-23, Act.23:35. __2. Herod Antipas (ὁ τετραάρχης, Mat.14:1): Mat.14:1, 3 14:6, Mrk.6:1-56, Mrk.8:15, Luk.1:5 3:1, 19 8:3 9:7, 9 13:31, 23, Act.4:27 13:1. __3. Herod Agrippa I: Act.12:1, 6 12:11, 19 12:21 (cf. Ἀγρίππας (II)).† (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
בָּלָק n.pr.m. (devastator) king of Moab, בּ׳ בֶּן צִפּוֹר Nu 22:2, 4, 7 + 37 times Nu 22–24 (all JE) + Jos 24:9 (E) Ju 11:25 Mi 6:5.
II. גִּבְעָה n.pr.loc. (hill)—ג׳ Jos 15:57 +; (הַ)גִּבְעָ֫תָה Ju 20:4 + 5 times; גִּבְעַת Jos 18:28; cstr. גִּבְעַת 1 S 11:4 + 9 times; abs. always c. art. except Jos 15:57; 18:28 Ju 19:12; 20:31 1 S 10:26 2 Ch 13:2;— †1. a city of Judah Jos 15:57 (perhaps one of two villages called Gabaa, Gabatha in Onom. v. LagOnom. 246, 128; 2nd ed. 255, 160). 2. city of Benj. Ju 19:14, 16 + 20 times Ju, 1 S 10:26; 14:2; 22:6; 26:1 2 S 23:29 = 1 Ch 11:31; also Ho 5:8; 9:9; 10:9(×2) (cf. Ju 19:12 ff.) 2 Ch 13:2; perhaps also 1 S 7:1; 10:10 2 S 6:3, 4 read also (for גבע) 1 S 13:16 Ju 20:10, 33; = גִּבְעַת Jos 18:28; called also גִּבְעַת בִּנְיָמִין 1 S 13:2, 15; 14:16, & גִּבְעַת שָׁאוּל 1 S 11:4; 15:34 Is 10:29; 2 S 21:6 read prob. גִּבְעוֹן, 𝔊 We Dr. †3. a city of Ephraim, called גִּבְעַת פִּֽינְחָס Jos 24:33.
† יִשָּׂשכָר (so always MT, Qr perpet.; Ben Napht. יִשְׂשָׂכָר Baer Gn p. 84 f.) n.pr.m. Issachar (etym. and meaning dub.; MT as Niph. Impf. √ שׂכר; Kt = יֵשׁ שָׂכָר there is recompense (cf. Gn 30:18), so Thes al.; this the true etym. according to Ol§§ 69 c; 277 f. Köi. 120 v. יֵשׁ שָׂכָר Je 31:16 2 Ch 15:7; = אִישׁ שָׂכָר (a more prob. combination in n.pr.) WeSam. 95; > יִשָּׂכָר (MT), or יִשָּׂא שׂכר; 𝔊 Ισσαχαρ, see especially Gn 30:18 Ισσαχαρ, ὅ ἐστιν μισθός)— 1. fifth son of Jacob and Leah (appar. ninth son of Jacob) Gn 30:18; 35:23; 46:13; 49:14; Ex 1:3; Nu 1:8; בְּנֵי ישׂ׳ Nu 1:28; 2:5; 26:23; Jos 19:17; 1 Ch 7:1; 12:33 (v 32 van d. H.); מִשְׁפְּחוֹת ישׂ׳ Nu 26:25; 1 Ch 7:5; מַטֵּה ישׂ׳ Nu 1:29; 2:5; 13:7; Jos 21:6, 28; 1 Ch 6:47, 57; מטה בני ישׂ׳ Nu 10:15; 34:26; Jos 19:23; בֵּית ישׂ׳ 1 K 15:27; hence ישׂ׳ alone = tribe of Issachar, Nu 7:18; Dt 27:12; 33:18 Jos 19:17; Ju 5:15(×2); 10:1; Ez 48:33 (שׁער ישׂ׳), 1 Ch 27:18; 2 Ch 30:18; = territory of the tribe Jos 17:10, 11; 1 K 4:17; 1 Ch 12:41 (v 40 van d. H.); transit. from tribe to territory Ez 48:25, 26. 2. 7th son of Obed-Edom 1 Ch 26:5.
Ἰάκωβος, -ου, ὁ (Heb., see previous word) James; __1. Son of Zebedee: Mat.4:21, Mrk.1:19, 29, Act.1:13 12:2, al. __2. Son of Alphæus: Mat.10:3, Mrk.2:14, al.; commonly identified with Ἰ. ὁ μικρός, James the little, son of Mary (see: Μαρία, 3; Κλωπᾶς), Mat.27:56, Mrk.15:40 16:1 (cf. Jhn.19:25). __3. The Lord's brother (see: ἀδελφός): Mat.13:55, Mrk.6:3, Act.12:17, al., 1Co.15:7 (probably), Gal.1:19 2:9, 12, Jas.1:1, Ju 1. __4. The father of the apostle, Ἰούδας Ἰακώβου: Luk.6:16, Act.1:13 (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
† בְּנָיָ֫הוּ, בְּנָיָה n.pr.m. (Yah hath built up, cf. יבנאל, Sab. בנאל DHMZMG 1883, 15)— 1. one of David’s captains and heroes, son of Jehoiada, בניהו 2 S 8:18; 23:20, 22 1 K 1:8, 10, 26, 32, 36, 38, 44; 2:25, 29, 30(×2), 34, 35, 46; 4:4 1 Ch 11:24; 18:17; 27:5, 6 cf. v 34 (v. Be); = בניה 2 S 20:23 1 Ch 11:22. 2. one of David’s thirty, בניהו 2 S 23:30 = בניה 1 Ch 11:31; 27:14. 3. a Simeonite, בניה 1 Ch 4:36. 4. Levites, a. בניהו 1 Ch 15:18, 20, 24; b. (id.) 2 Ch 31:13; c. בניה 2 Ch 20:14. 5. Israelites, בניה, a. Ezr 10:25; b. v 30; c. v 35; d. v 43; e. Ez 11:13 = בניהו v 1.
יִשַׁי41 n.pr.m. father of David (etym. dub.; Ol§ 277 f. conj. יֵשׁ יָהּ; We 1 S 14:49 ישׁי = אישׁי = אבישׁי (but see this))—יִשַׁי 1 S 16:3 + 29 times; יִשָׁ֑י v 19 + 10 times; 𝔊 Ιεσσαι; (וְ)אִישַׁי 1 Ch 2:13;—+ יִשַׁי בֵּית־הַלַּחְמִי Jesse the Bethlehemite 1 S 16:1, 18 (בֶּן־ישׁי וגו׳, of David), 17:58†; ישׁי also 16:3 + 14 times 1 S 16, 17; †son of עוֹבֵד according to Ru 4:17, 22(×2) = 1 Ch 2:12; דָּוִ(י)ד בֶּן־ישׁי 2 S 23:1; 1 Ch 10:14; 29:26 ψ 72:20; אֱלִיאָב בֶּן־ישׁי 2 Ch 11:18; elsewhere בֶּן־ישׁי alone = David, 1 S 20:27, 30, 31; 22:7, 8, 9, 13; 25:10; 2 S 20:1; 1 K 12:16 = 2 Ch 10:16, 1 Ch 12:18; גֶּזַע יִשָׁ֑י Is 11:1; שֹׁרֶשׁ יִשַׁי v 10 of Jesse as ancestor of future (Messianic) king†.
נָתָן42 n.pr.m. 𝔊 Ναθαν;— †1. a son of David 2 S 5:14 = 1 Ch 3:15, 1 Ch 14:4. 2. the prophet of David’s time 2 S 7:2, 3, 4, 17 = 1 Ch 17:1, 2, 3, 15; 2 S 12:1 + 6 times 2 S 12; 1 K 1:8 + 10 times 1 K 1, 2 Ch 29:25 ψ 51:2 (title); דִּבְרֵי נָתָן הַנָּבִיא as name of a book 1 Ch 29:29 2 Ch 9:29. †3. father of one of David’s heroes 2 S 23:36. †4. father of officers of Solomon, 1 K 4:5(×2) (= 2?). †5. name in Judah: a. 1 Ch 2:36(×2). b. 11:38. †6. companion of Ezra from Babylon Ezr 8:16. †7. one of those who took strange wives 10:39. †8. head of a family Zc 12:12.
† I. צֹר, צוֹר n.pr.loc. Τυρος: Tyre, famous Phoenician city (Ph. צר; Assyrian Ṣurru, so TelAm; Egyptian Ḏa-(ï̥)rạ, Ḏa-ru̥ WMMAs. u. Eur. 185);—צֹר 2 S 24:7 + 32 times, צוֹר 1 K 5:15 + 8 times (Gi);—city of Hiram, friend of David and Sol. 2 S 5:11; 1 K 5:15; 9:11, 12; 1 Ch 14:1; 2 Ch 2:2, 10; of artif. Hiram 1 K 7:13; בַּת־צֹר ψ 45:13 of city personif. (another view in Che); צ׳ also in name of Ph. fortress, מִבְצַר־צ׳ 2 S 24:7, עִיר מ׳ צ׳ Jos 19:29 (P); threatened by proph. Am 1:9, 10 and (with especially ref. to commercial greatness) Is 23:1 (מַשָּׂא צֹר), v 5, 8, 15(×2), 17 Je 25:22 (מַלְכֵי־צֹר), 27:3 (מֶלֶךְ צֹר), 47:4 Ez 26:2, 3, 4, 7, 15; 27:2, 3(×2), 8, 32; 28:2 (נְגִיד צֹר), v 12 (מֶלֶךְ צוֹר); besieged by Nebuch. 29:18, 18; cf. Zc 9:2, 3; Jo 4:4 ψ 83:8 (ישְׁבֵי צ׳); of Tyrians as proselytes ψ 87:4 (predict.);—לְצוֹר Ho 9:13 is prob. corrupt, read לָצוּד or לָצַיִד 𝔊 We GASm, cf. Now.—צ׳ often + צִידוֹן q.v.;—see, on Tyre, PietschmPhön. 60 ff. RobBR ii. 461 ff. de LuynesVoyage à la Mer Morte (1874) i. 28 ff., and Pl. xiii–xviii BdPal. 3 (1898), 307 ff.—ii. צֹר (flint, knife) v. III. צרר.
אָחָז n.pr.m. (he hath grasped, abbrev. for יהואחז (q.v.) cf. Assyrian Ia-u-ḫa-zi (i.e. Ahaz) COT on 2 K 16:8) 1. king of Judah, son of Jotham, father of Hezekiah 2 K 15:38; 16:1, 2, 5, 7, 8 + 13 times 2 K; Is 1:1; 7:1, 3, 10, 12; 14:28; 38:8; 1 Ch 3:13, 2 Ch 27:9 + 8 times 2 Ch; Ho 1:1 Mi 1:1. 2. son of Micah, & great-grandson of Jonathan 1 Ch 8:35, 36; 9:42 (+ 9:41 cf. 𝔊L 𝔙).
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם41 n.pr.loc. 1. in Judah (place of bread (food), mod. Arabic بَيْت لَحْم, place of meat), 2 hours south of Jerusalem; birth-place of David;—בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם Ru 1:19 + 11 times; בּ׳־לֶחֶם 1 S 20:6 + 9 times; בֵּית לָ֑חֶם Ju 12:8 = 11 times + Gn 35:19; 48:7, where הוא בית לחם is a gloss, v. אֶפְרָ֫תָה" dir="rtl" >אֶפְרָ֫תָה, p. 68; בּ׳־לָ֑חֶם 1 S 17:15 + 3 times;—as cstr. בּ׳ לֶ֫חֶם יְהוּדָה Ju 17:7, 8, 9; 19:1, 2, 18(×2) Ru 1:1, 2; 1 S 17:12; treated as n.pr.m. 1 Ch 2:51, 54; 4:4; men of Bethlehem אַנְשֵׁי בּ׳ Ne 7:26 = בְּנֵי בּ׳ Ezr 2:21;—on אֶפְרָ֫תָה as name of Bethlehem, & confusion arising from gloss Gn 35:19; 48:7, v. p. 68;—mod. Beit Laḥm, 5 m. S. of Jerus. RobBR i. 471 BdPal. 123 Surveyiii. 28, 83 GuérinJudée i. 120–206. 2. בֵּית לָ֑חֶם in Zeb. Jos 19:15; perhaps also Ju 12:8, 10; = Beit Laḥm, 7 m. NW. of Nazareth RobBR iii. 113 Survey i. 301.
† זְכַרְיָהוּ oftener זְכַרְיָה n.pr.m. (Sab. ידֿכראל DHMEpigr. Denkm. 43) 𝔊 Ζαχαρια(ς), etc.:— 1. זכריהו, king of Isr., son of Jerob. II, 2 K 15:8 = זכריה 14:29; 15:11. 2. זכריהו, father of Hezekiah’s mother 2 Ch 29:1 = זכריה 2 K 18:2. 3. זכריהו, contemporary of Isaiah Is 8:2. 4. זכריהו, a Reubenite 1 Ch 5:7. 5. זכריה, a Benjamite 1 Ch 9:37 (𝔊 Ζαχαρια, A Ζαχχουρ 𝔊L Ζεχρει) = זָ֑כֶר 1 Ch 8:31 (v. i. [זֶכֶר]). 6. זכריהו, a Manassite 1 Ch 27:21 (𝔊 Ζαβδειου, 𝔊L Ζαχαριου). 7. זכריהו, a son of Jehoshaphat 2 Ch 21:2. 8. זכריה, a captain of Jehosh. 2 Ch 17:7. 9. זכריהו, teacher of Uzziah 2 Ch 26:5. 10. Levites, זכריהו: a. 1 Ch 15:18 = זכריה v 20; 16:5. b. 1 Ch 24:25. c. 1 Ch 26:2, 14. d. 1 Ch 26:11. e. 2 Ch 20:14. f. 2 Ch 29:13 (𝔊 Ἀζαριας, A Ζαχαριας, so 𝔊L). זכריה: g. 1 Ch 9:21. h. 2 Ch 34:12. i. an Asaphite Ne 12:35. 11. priests, זכריהו: a. 1 Ch 15:24. b. 2 Ch 35:8. זכריה: c. 2 Ch 24:20 (𝔊 Ἀζαριαν; 𝔊L Ζαχαριαν; prob. referred to Matt 23:35, where appar. confusion with f). d. Ne 11:12. e. Ne 12:41. f. the well-known prophet Zc 1:1, 7; 7:1, 8 Ne 12:16 [cf. Aramaic Ezr 5:1; 6:14]. 12. returned exiles, זכריה: a. Ezr 8:3 and perhaps v 16, cf. Ne 8:4. b. Ezr 8:11 (𝔊 Ἀζαριας, A Ζαχαριας, so 𝔊L). c. Ezr 10:26. d. a man of Judah Ne 11:4. e. id. Ne 11:5 (𝔊 Θηζεια, א Θηδεια, A Ζαχαριου, so 𝔊L).
† יְבוּסִי, יְבֻסִי 1. adj.gent. Jebusite, Jebusites, sg. אורנה הַיְבֻסִי 2 S 24:16, 18 cf. 1 Ch 21:15, 18, 28 2 Ch 3:1; as subst. a Jebusite Zc 9:7; usually c. art. הַי׳ coll. the Jebusites, in hist. statement Gn 10:16 (J) = 1 Ch 1:14 Nu 13:29 (E) Jos 9:1; 11:3; 12:8; 24:11 (all D) Ju 3:5 Ne 9:8, all in list of Canaanitish peoples; so also 1 K 9:20 = 2 Ch 8:7, where remnant of these peoples referred to; also Ezr 9:1, which seems to shew that this list had become a standing expression for early inhabitants; cf. further in promises (JED) Gn 15:21 Ex 3:8, 17; 13:5; 23:23; 33:2; 34:11 Dt 7:1; 20:17; Jos 3:10; specif. defined as inhabitants of Jebus-Jerusalem Jos 15:63(×2) (J) Ju 1:21(×2) 2 S 5:6, 8 (on which cf. Dr) 1 Ch 11:6 (called also יוֹשֵׁב הָאָרֶץ 2 S 5:6 & ישְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ 1 Ch 11:4); v. also עִיר הַיְבוּסִי הַזֹּאת Ju 19:11; whence 2. Jerusalem, Hex only P, Jos 15:8 גֵּי בֶן־הִנֹּם אֶל־כֶּתֶף היבוסי מִנֶּגֶב הִיא יְרוּשָׁלָ֑םִ, cf. 18:16; 18:28 וְהַיְבוּסִי הִיא יְרוּשָׁלַםִ.—Cf. כְּנַ֫עַן" dir="rtl" >כנען.
† שְׁמַעְיָ֫ה(וּ) n.pr.m. Σαμαιας, etc.: שְׁמַעְיָה, 1. prophet, Rehob.’s time 1 K 12:22 2 Ch 12:5, 7, 15; = -יָהוּ 11:2. 2. Jer’s time: a. false proph. Je 29:31(×2), 32 = -יָהוּ v 24. b. -יָהוּ 36:12. 3. -יָהוּ a prophet’s father 26:20. 4. descendant of Zerub. 1 Ch 3:22(×2). 5. in Simeon 4:37. 6. in Reuben 5:4. 7. Levites: a. 1 Ch 9:14. b. v 16 = שַׁמּוּעַ 3. c. 15:8, 11. d. 24:6. e. 26:4, 6, 7. f. 2 Ch 29:14. g. Ezr 8:16. h. Ne 11:15. Also -יָהוּ i. 2 Ch 17:8. j. 31:15. k. 35:9. 8. companions of Ezra: a. Ezr 8:13. b. 10:21. c. v 31. 9. of Neh.: a. Ne 3:29. b. 6:10. 10. priests: a. Ne 10:9; 12:42. b. v 6, 18. c. v 35. d. v 36. 11. a prince v 34.
אֲמַצְיָ֫הוּ, אֲמַצְיָה n.pr.m. (י׳ is mighty). 1. king of Jud., son of Joash, father of Azariah; אֲמַצְיָהוּ 2 K 14:1, 9 + 8 times 2 K 14; 15:3 1 Ch 3:12; 2 Ch 24:27; 25:1 + 15 times 2 Ch 25; 26:1, 4; אֲמַצְיָה 2 K 12:22; 13:12; 14:8; 15:1. 2. אֲמַצְיָה, a Simeonite 1 Ch 4:34. 3. id., a Levite 1 Ch 6:30. 4. priest of Bethel, under Jerob. II, Am 7:10, 12, 14.
עַי, עַיָּ֑ת, עַיָּה n.pr.loc. Αγγαι (Gn), Γαι: 1. old Canaanit. city, עַי always c. art. הָעַי (הָעָ֑י Gn 13:3 +), near Bethel to the SE. (exact site unknown, cf. Di Jos. 7:2 BuhlGeogr. 177), Gn 12:8 (J), 13:3 (J), Jos 7:2(×2), 3, 4, 5; 8:1(×2), 2, 3 + 18 times Jos 8 (+ Qr v 12, 16, but improb., Kt עיר, cf. Di), 9:3; 10:1(×2), 2 (all JE), 12:9 (D), Ezr 2:28 = Ne 7:32; = עַיָּת Is 10:28; עַיָּה (so Baer Ginsb, > עַיָּא van d. H.) Ne 11:31, so read also (for עַזָּה q.v. ad fin.) 1 Ch 7:28. 2. E. Jordan city Je 49:3 (+ חֶשְׁבוֹן), but read עָר city (?) Gf RothstKau Co (הָעִיר?).
גִּדְעוֹן n.pr.m. judge of Israel Ju 6:11, 13, 19 + 36 times Ju 6–8;—called also יְרֻבַּעַל (q.v.) Ju 6:32; 7:1 etc., & יְרֻבֶּשֶׁת (q.v.) 2 S 11:21.
† I. מְרָרִי n.pr.m. a son of Levi, and head of a chief Levit. family: 𝔊 Μεραρ(ε)ι, Μαραρει;—Gn 46:11; Ex 6:16, 19; Nu 3:17, 20, 33(×2), 35, 36; 4:29, 33, 42, 45; 7:8; 10:17; 26:57; Jos 21:7, 34, 38 (all P), 1 Ch 5:27; 6:1, 4, 14, 29, 32, 48, 62; 9:14; 15:6, 17; 23:6, 21; 24:26, 27; 26:10, 19; 2 Ch 29:12; 34:12; Ezr 8:19.
סְדֹם39 n.pr.loc. Sodom, important Canaanitish city named (usually) with Gomorrha (עֲמֹרָה, q.v.);—𝔊 Σόδομα (inflected Σοδόμων, Σοδόμοις):—ס׳ (on format. cf. LagBN 54), Gn 13:10, 12, 13 + 7 times Gn 18, 19, + סְדֹ֫מָה (ה loc.) Gn 10:19; 18:22; 19:1 (all J), + 8 times Gn 14; from 8th cent. onwards, used as illustrating י׳’s judgments, Am 4:11 Is 1:9; 13:19 Dt 29:22 Je 49:18; 50:40 Zp 2:9 La 4:6; as proverbial for open sin Is 3:9 Je 23:14, so metaph. קְצִינֵי ס׳ Is 1:10 (i.e. rulers as corrupt as in Sodom), גֶּפֶן ס׳ Dt 32:32 (i.e. wickedness like Sodom’s); Judah cp. with ס׳ to her disadvantage Ez 16:46, 48, 49, 53, 55, 56. Site prob. at S. end of Dead Sea, where are now Jebel Usdum (SW.), and Zoar SE. cf. Di Gn 19:20 ff. RobBR ii. 187 ff. GASmGeogr. 505 ff. BlankenhornZPV xix (1896), 53 ff. BdPal. 3, 146 BuhlGeogr. 117, 271, 274. Vid. also שִׂדִּים.
עֲמָלֵק39 n.pr.gent. Amalek (on—ָ v. LagBN 162 BaNB 160);—ancient people Nu 24:20(×2), S. of Canaan—in Negeb 13:29 (all JE), fierce and warlike Bedawin (cf. GASmGeogr. 282 GFM Ju 6:3, 33), foes of Isr. during Exodus Ex 17:8 + 6 times Ex 17 (E), Dt 25:17, 19; later marauders in Isr. territory Ju 3:13; 6:3, 33; 7:12; 10:12, defeated by Saul 1 S 14:48; 15:2 + times 1 S 14:28, 18, and by David 30:18 (cf. adj.gent. infr.), 2 S 8:12 = 1 Ch 18:11, cf. ψ 83:8; also הָע׳ 2 S 1:1 (where read עֲמָלֵק or הָעֲמָלֵקִי, v. Comm.); ע׳ 1 Ch 4:43; as grandson of Esau Gn 36:12 (P) = 1 Ch 1:36, Gn 36:16; appar. connected with Ephr. territory Ju 5:14 (cf. 12:15 infr.; yet GFM conj. עֵמֶק).—On Amalek v. NöAmalekites (1864); Ency. Bi. s.v..
אוּרִיָּה n.pr.m. (flame of Yah or my light is Yah v. יָהּ). 1. Hittite husband of Bathsheba 2 S 11:3f; 23:39. 2. priest in reign of Ahaz Is 8:2 2 K 16:10f. 3. priest in time of Nehemiah Ezr 8:33 Ne 3:4, 21; 8:4.
† II. חֶשְׁבּוֹן n.pr.loc. of the city of Sihon king of the Amorites Nu 21:26, 27, 28, 30, 34; 32:3 (all E); Dt 1:4; 2:24, 26, 30; 3:2, 6; 4:46; 29:6 Jos 9:10; 12:2, 5; 13:10, 21, 27 (all D) Ju 11:19 Je 48:45 Ne 9:22; captured by Israel who dwelt in it Nu 21:25 (E) Ju 11:26; rebuilt by Reuben Nu 32:37 (E), given to Reuben at the division of the land Jos 13:17 (P); on the border of Gad, Jos 13:26 (P), it subsequently fell to Gad and was assigned to Levites out of that tribe Jos 21:39 (P) 1 Ch 6:66; the Moabites gained possession of it Is 15:4; 16:8, 9 and subsequently the Ammonites Je 48:2, 34, 45; 49:3; it was celebrated for its ponds Ct 7:5.—Mod. Ḥusbân, SeetzenReisen i. 407 RobBR i. 551 BdPal 191 SurveyEP 8.
שִׁמְשׁוֹן38 n.pr.m. Samson (Assyrian n.pr. Šamšânu, HilprMurâshu 27, 70; on שמש in Arabic n.pr. trib. cf. NöZMG xi (1886), 166);—Σαμψων: Ju 13:24; 14:1, 3 + 35 times Ju 14, 15, 16.
II. שָׂרָה37 n.pr.f. wife of Abraham (princess);—Σαρρα: Gn 17:15 (where formal change from שָׂרַי), v 17, 19, 21; 21:1b, 3; 23:1(×2), 2(×2), 19; 25:10, 12; 49:31 (all P), 18:6 + 9 times 18, 21:1a, 2a; 24:36, 67 (all J), 20:2(×2), 14, 16, 18; 21:6, 7, 9, 12 (all E); an ancestress of Hebrews Is 51:2.
Ἰούδας, -α dative -ᾳ, accusative -αν (so in LXX, and also rarely, Ἰουδά, indecl.; cf. Thack., Gr., 163) (Heb. יְהוּדָה) __1. Judah, son of Jacob: Mat.1:2-3, Luk.3:33; φυλή Ἰ., Rev.5:5 7:5; by meton., of the tribe, Heb.7:14; of its confines, γῆ Ἰ., Mat.2:6;πόλις Ἰ., Luk.1:39. __2. Judah (unknown): Luk.3:30. __3. Judas Iscariot (see: Ἰσκαριώτης): Mat.10:4, Mrk.3:19, Luk.6:16, Jhn.6:71 13:2, al. __4. Judas, the Lord's brother (see: ἀδελφός): Mat.13:55, Mrk.6:3 (prob.), Ju 1. __5. Judas the Apostle, son of James (see: Θαδδαῖος): Luk.6:16, Jhn.14:22, Act.1:13. __6. Judas, of Damascus: Act.9:11. __7. Judas, surnamed Βαρσαββᾶς (which see): Act.15:22, 27 15:32. __8. Judas the Galilean: Act.5:37 Ἰωδά (Rec. Ἰούδα) Joda: Luk.3:26.† (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
φῐλιππ-ος, ον, fond of horses, horse-loving, Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. ἄστυ Θήβας restored in Refs 5th c.BC+:— superlative φιλιππότατος Refs 5th c.BC+ __II as masculine proper name, Refs
אֲחַזְיָ֫הוּ, אֲחַזְיָה, אַחְזַי n.pr.m. (Yah(u) hath grasped; 𝔊 Ὀχοζ(ε)ιας 1 K 22:52 etc., cf. LagBN 53) 1. king of Isr., son of Ahab 1 K 22:40, 50, 52 2 K 1:18 2 Ch 20:37 (אֲחַזְיָהוּ); + 2 K 1:2 2 Ch 20:35 (אֲחַזְיָה). 2. king of Judah, son of Joram 2 K 8:24, 25; 9:21; 10:13; 11:1; 12:19; 13:1; 14:13 1 Ch 3:11 2 Ch 22:1 + 2 K 1 Ch (all אֲחַזְיָהוּ); 2 K 9:16, 23, 27, 29; 11:2 (אֲחַזְיָה). 3. אַחְזַי a priest Ne 11:13 (for which יַחְזֵרָה 1 Ch 9:12 v. SmListen, Tafel). cf. Arabic احّ viii, + إِخّ = adopt, hence perhaps י׳ hath adopted.
יְהוֹיָקִים, יוֹיָקִים, יוֹקִים n.pr.m. 𝔊 Ἰωακειμ (י׳ raiseth up; cf. אֶלְיָקִים & reff.; also יָקִים, יְקַמְיָה)— 1. יְהוֹ׳ one of the last kings of Judah, son of Josiah 2 K 23:34, 35, 36; 24:1, 5, 6, 19; 1 Ch 3:15, 16 2 Ch 36:4, 5, 8; Je 1:3; 22:18, 24; 24:1 + 19 times Je, Dn 1:1, 2; name changed from orig. אֶלְיָקִים 2 K 23:34 = 2 Ch 36:4. †2. יוֹיָקִים priest, son of Jeshua Ne 12:10, 10, 12, 26. †3. יוֹקִים a Judaite 1 Ch 4:22.
סִיחוֹן, סִיחֹן n.pr.m. Sihon (on format. cf. LagBN 198);—סִיחוֹן Nu 21:27 + 18 times, סִיחֹן v 21 + 17 times;—king of Amorites, Nu 21:21 + 7 times Nu 21 (JE), 32:33 (R) Dt 1:4 + 10 times Dt, Ju 2:10 + 4 times Ju (D) + 13:21(×2), 27 (P), 11:19, 20(×2), 21 Je 48:45 1 K 4:19 Ne 9:22 ψ 135:11; 136:19. 𝔊 Σηων, 𝔊L Σιων.
† קֹ֫רַח37 n.pr.m. Κορε (baldness?);— 1. Edomite name: a. Gn 36:5, 14, 18; 1 Ch 1:35. b. Gn 36:16 (not Sam.; prob. gloss from v 18 Di Kau Ball al.; Holz hesitates). 2. Levite, rebel ag. Moses, Nu 16:1 + 10 times 16, 17, 26:9, 10; 27:3; in geneal. lists Ex 6:21, 24 1 Ch 6:7, 22; בֶּן־ק׳ 9:19; בְּנֵי־ק׳ Nu 26:11; especially לִבְנֵי־ק׳ as company of ψ-collectors (or singers), in titles: ψ 42:1; 44:1; 45:1; 46:1; 47:1; 48:1; 49:1; 85:1; 87:1; 88:1. 3. a ‘son’ of Hebron, i.e. Judahite clan 1 Ch 2:43 Κορεε, etc.
Ἰωσήφ indecl. (FlJ, Ἰώσηπος, -ου), ὁ (Heb. יוֹסֵף), Joseph; __1. the Son of Jacob: Jhn.4:5, Act.7:9, 13-14 7:18, Heb.11:21-22, Rev.7:8. __2. In the genealogy of our Lord, __(a) the son of Matthias: Luk.3:24; __(b) the son Joram: Luk.3:30. __3. The husband of Mary, the Lord's mother Mat.1:16 ff, Luk.1:27, Jhn.1:46, al. __4. One of the brethren of our Lord (see: ἀδελφός): Mat.13:55. __5. Son of Mary: Mat.27:56 (-σῆς, WH, mg., RV). __6. Joseph of Arimatbæa: Mat.27:57, 59, Mrk.15:43, 45, Luk.23:50, Jhn.19:38. __7. see: Βαρνάβας. __8. see: Βαρσαβᾶς (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
† יִזְרְעֶאל 1. n.pr.loc. (God soweth; Sab. אלדֿרא Mordt ZMG 1879, 489; v. LagBN 131)—י׳ Jos 15:56 2 S 2:9 +; יִזְרְעֶ֑אל 1 S 25:43 Jos 17:16 +; יִזְרְעֶ֫אלָה Jos 19:18 + 6 times: a. city in the Negeb of Judah Jos 15:56 1 S 25:43 (home of Ahinoam, one of David’s wives), site unknown; cf. n.pr.m. 1 Ch 4:3. b. city in Issachar Jos 19:18 on NW. spur of Mt. Gilboa 2 S 4:4 (cf. 1 S 31:1, 8) 1 K 4:12 (cf. 1 S 31:10, 12), mod. Zerʿîn (RobBR ii. 318 ff. BdPal 244), close to scene of great battle with Philistines 1 S 29:1 (בְּעַיִן אשׁר בְיִז׳, cf. RobBR ii. 323) v 11; subject to Ishbosheth 2 S 2:9 (yet v. infr.), residence of Ahab and Jehoram of Isr. 1 K 18:45, 46; 21:1 (Naboth) 2 K 8:29(×2) = 2 Ch 22:6(×2), 2 K 9:15(×2), 16, 17, 30; 10:11 cf. דְּמֵי יִז׳ Ho 1:4, and symbolical name of Hosea’s son Ho 1:4 (cf. Che);—in 2 K 10:1 for שָׂרֵי יִז׳ read שָׂרֵי שֹׁמְרוֹן so 𝔊. Used by Hosea as representing Isr., with play on etymol., Ho 2:24 (cf. וּזְר��עְתִּיהָ לִּי בָּאָרֶץ v 25), cf. also גָּדוֹל יוֹם יִז׳ v 2. Territory immediately about the city is חֵלֶק יִז׳ 2 K 9:10, 36, 37; cf. חֵל יִז׳ 1 K 21:23 (read prob חלק, v. Th Klo after 𝔖 𝔙; the adjacent plain is עֵמֶק יִז׳ (cf. Di Jos 17:16 BdPal 229) Jos 17:16 Ju 6:33 Ho 1:5 (perh. also = יִז׳ 2 S 2:9 supr., ‖ Gilead, Ephr., Benj., etc.) 2. n.pr.m. a. Hosea’s son Ho 1:4, cf. 1 b supr. b. Judahite name 1 Ch 4:3, cf. 1 a supr.
II. רָמָה n.pr.loc. usually c. art. הָר׳ the Height, Rama, הָרָמָה (except Je 31:15 Ne 11:33): 1. in Benj., on border of Ephr., Ho 5:8; 1 K 15:17, 21, 22 = 2 Ch 16:1, 5, 6; Ju 4:5; 19:3; Is 10:29; Je 31:15; 40:1; Jos 18:25 (P), Ezr 2:26 = Ne 7:30, prob. also Ne 11:33; 𝔊 usually Ραμα; mod. er-Râm, 5 miles N. of Jerus., BuhlGeogr. 172. 2. in hill-country of Ephr. (= 1?), home of Samuel 1 S 1:19; 2:11; 7:17; 8:4; 15:34; 16:13; 19:18, 22a (all c. ה loc., הָרָמָ֫תָה), v 19, 22b, 23(×2); 20:1; 25:1; 28:3, = הָרָמָתַיִם 1:1 (v. צוּפִי); 𝔊 Αρμαθαιμ, Ραμα; perhaps (if distinct from 1) = Beit-Rima, 13 miles ENE. of Lydda (GASmGeogr. 254 BuhlGeogr. 170); or Râm-allah, 3 m. SW. of Bethel (EwHist. ii. 421 al.) [cf. also Ἀριμαθαία Mt 27:57 +]. 3. in Asher Jos 19:29 (P), Ραμα; perhaps Râmiye, c. 12 miles E. of Ladder of Tyre RobBR iii. 79 BuhlGeogr. 231. 4. in Naphtali, Jos 19:36 (P), Αραηλ, A 𝔊L Ραμα; mod. Râmeh, c. 8 miles WSW. of Safed BuhlGeogr. 222. 5. (בָּ)רָמָה 2 K 8:29 = 2 Ch 22:6 (Ρεμμωθ, Ραμωθ; 𝔊L Ραμαθ Γαλ.), v. רָמוֹת" dir="rtl" >רָמוֹת 1—Vid. Dr Hast. DB. RAMAH.
† חֲמָת, חֲמַת n.pr.loc. (√ dub.; Thes MV al. der. from חָמָה, חֲמָת = fortress, or (v. RSSem i, 140), sacred enclosure, temenos, ḥimā, cf. HalJAS 7 ème Sér. x, 392 LagBN 82, 156; but no certainty that name is Shemitic; Arabic حَمَاة, Assyrian Amattu, DlPA 275 ff. Pr 174);—mod. Ḥamâ, on el-ʿÂṣi (Orontes), 38 h. (c. 115 m.) N. of Damascus, v. BdPal. 398 f. It had a king, תֹּעִי, in David’s time 2 S 8:9 = 1 Ch 18:9, and in 8th cent. b.c. 2 K 19:13 = Is 37:13; gods of its own 2 K 17:30; 18:34 = Is 36:19; gave its name to land (limits unknown) רִבְלָה בְּאֶרֶץ ח׳ 2 K 23:33; 25:21 Je 39:5; 52:9, 27, cf. 2 Ch 8:4; contained Isr. exiles Is 11:11; furnished colonists for Samaria 2 K 17:24 (cf. v 30 supr.) after being conquered by Sargon, (COT 2 K 17:24; 18:34 cf. Is 10:9). It is called great Hamath by Am 6:2 (חֲמַת רַבָּה,—חֲמַת only here). ח׳ is mentioned with דַּמֶּשֶׂק, צֹר, צִידוֹן in prophecy against land Hadrach (חַדְרָךְ) Zc 9:2, cf. Je 49:23. Often in phr. לְבֹא ח׳ (עַד־) = the entrance to H., i.e. the approach to H., as territorial limit Ju 3:3; usually as denoting (ideal) northern limit of Isr. territory Jos 13:5; Nu 13:21; 24:8; Am 6:14; 1 K 8:65 = 2 Ch 7:8, 2 K 14:25 1 Ch 13:5; חֲמָ֑תָה 1 Ch 18:3; ח׳ צובָה 2 Ch 8:3, and הֵשִׁיב אֶת־דַּמֶּשֶׂק וְאֶת־ח׳ לִיחוּדָה 2 K 14:28; so also Ez 47, 48: גְּבוּל ח׳ Ez 47:17, cf. v 16b + v 16a (del. Co); לְבוֹא ח׳ 48:1, cf. 47:20; אֶל־יַד ח׳ 48:1.
יְשַׁעְיָ֫הוּ n.pr.m. (salvation of Yah; cf. אֱלִישָׁע p. 46 supr.; ישעאל on scarab ClGannJAs 1883, Fev.–Mars, 135, No. 8)— 1. Isaiah, son of ʾAmôṣ, the prophet: Is 1:1 + 15 times Is., 2 K 19:2 + 12 times K., 2 Ch 26:22; 32:20, 32, 𝔊 Ησαιας, 𝔙 Isaias. †2. one of the children of Jeduthun 1 Ch 25:3, 15, 𝔊 Ισαια, etc. †3. a Levite ancestor of one of David’s treasurers 1 Ch 26:25, 𝔊 Ωσαιας, 𝔊L Ιωσηε.
† כָּלֵב n.pr.m. (Nab. n.pr. כלבא Eut (Nö) p. 55. כלבו VogNab. 6; cf. also We Skizzen u. Vorarbeiten iii. 217; on כָּלֵב = dog-clan, v. RSK 17, 190 f., 219, 254);—son of יְפֻנֶּה (𝔊 Χαλεβ; cf. LagBN 78), called הַקְּנִזִּי (v. קְנַז) in JE, Nu 32:12; Jos 14:6, 14, cf. 15:17 = Ju 1:13, Ju 3:9 (where קְנַז is brother of כ׳), also 1 Ch 4:15; treated as full Judahite only in P Nu 13:6 (v. GFM Ju p. 30 f.) the one of the spies who (with Joshua) reported well of Canaan 14:6, 24, 30, 38; also 26:65; 34:19; Dt 1:36; Jos 14:13; 15:13, 14, 16, 18; 21:12 (P = 1 Ch 6:41) Ju 1:12, 14, 15, 20 (‖ with Jos 15); = clan of Caleb 1 S 30:14 (disting. from Judah). Caleb is called בֶּן־חֶצְרוֹן 1 Ch 2:18, cf. v 19, 42, 46, 48, 49, 50 = כְּלוּבָ֑י v 9; בְּכָלֵב אֶפְרָתָה 1 Ch 2:24, read perhaps בָּא כ׳, so 𝔊 𝔙, cf. KauAT (v. אֶפְרָתָה p. 68 supr.)
† סִינַי n.pr. mont. Sinai;—name of mt. of law-giving in J and especially P (חֹרֵב in E and especially D): Ju 5:5 ψ 68:9 Dt 33:2 (poem), also Ex 16:1 (P) usually הַר־סִינַי (־סִינָ֑י Lv 7:38 +), rarely J, Ex 19:20, 23 and perhaps 34:2, 4, elsewhere mostly P, 24:16; 31:18; 34:29, 32 Lv 7:38; 25:1; 27:34 and 26:46 (H), Nu 3:1; 28:6, also Ne 9:13; מִדְבַּר סִינַי (סִינָ֑י Nu 1:19 +), Ex 19:1, 2 Lv 7:38 Nu 1:1, 19; 3:4, 14; 9:1, 5; 10:12; 26:64; 33:15, 16 (all P);—in view of these facts, and of E’s use of חֹרֵב (q.v.), it is prob. that Ex 19:11, 18 (in E passages) are from R.—𝔊 Σ(ε)ινα. Identif. dub.; local tradition names Jebel Musa, mt. at S. end of peninsular between the two arms of Red Sea, so RobBR i, 90 ff., especially 119–122 cf. StanleySinai and Pal. 42 f. al., specif. its N. supr, Ras Ṣafṣâfeh; but LepsiusBriefe 345 ff., 416 ff. EbGSespecially 392 ff. al. advocate Serbal, NW. from Jebel Musa (on trad., cf. Ebib. 413 ff.); v. discussion Di Ex 19:1. Against both is the working of Egyptian mines in the penins. as late as the 19th dyn. (v. EbGS 135, 148 ff., 159, etc.), involving presence of soldiers there. This, and connex. with Midian (cf. also Ju 5:5), have led to search for Sinai further NE, near head of Gulf of Aḳaba, or even in Seir, so SayMonuments 263 ff., cf. GFM Ju 5:5; 6:1 and Yakut, cited by Id.179 n. §, also v. GallAltisr. Kultst. 12; on sanctity of mt. v. further RSSem i. 110f., 2nd ed. 117 f. SmRel.Gesch. 30.
† בְּאֵר שֶׁ֫בַע n.pr.loc. Beersheba (well of seven, explained Gn 21:30, 31 as place of swearing by seven lambs, or, well of oath, v. שְׁבֻעָה; cf. same meaning otherwise derived 26:33)—בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע Gn 26:33 + 13 times, בְּאֵר־שֶׁבַע Jos 19:2; בְּאֵר שָׁ֑בַע Gn 21:14 + 18 times; בְּאֵ֫רָה שֶׁבַע (ָה loc.) Gn 46:1—south from Hebron, according to Onom. c. 20 miles LagOnom. 103, 234, 2nd ed. 138, 248; mod. Bîr-es-Seba, 12 h. from Hebron RobBR i. 204 f. Surveyiii. 394 Gn 21:14, 31, 32, 33; 22:19(×2) 26:23, 33; 28:10; 46:1, 5 Jos 15:28; 19:2 Ju 20:1 1 S 3:20; 8:2 2 S 17:11; 24:7 1 K 19:3 2 K 12:2; 23:8 Am 5:5 1 Ch 4:28 2 Ch 19:4; 24:1 Ne 11:27, 30; in phrase מִדָּן וְעַד־בּ׳ from Dan to Beersheba (i.e. all the territory of Israel, v. דָּן) Am 8:14 Ju 20:1 1 S 3:20 2 S 3:10; 17:11; 24:2, 15 1 K 5:5, & (only Ch) מִבְּאֵר שֶׁבַע וְעַד־דָּן from Beersheba to Dan 1 Ch 21:2 2 Ch 30:5.
† חִלְקִיָּהוּ, חִלְקִיָּה n.pr.m. (my portion is י׳) 𝔊 usually Χελκ(ε)ιας, Χελχιας;— 1. father of Eliakim, Hezekiah’s officer, חלקיהו 2 K 18:18, 26; Is 22:20; 36:3, 22; חלקיה 2 K 18:37. 2. high priest, Josiah’s time, חלקיהו 2 K 22:4, 8, 14; 23:4, 24; 2 Ch 34:9, 14, 15(×2), 18, 20, 22; חלקיה 2 K 22:8, 10, 12 1 Ch 5:39(×2) 9:11; 2 Ch 35:8; Ezr 7:1, cf. also Ne 11:11. 3. חלקיהו father of Jerem. Je 1:1.—The foll. are all חלקיה: 4. Levites: a. 1 Ch 6:30. b. 1 Ch 26:11. 5. a priest, contemp. of Ezra Ne 4:8; 12:7, 21. 6. father of Gemariah, an ambassador of Zedekiah to Nebuchadrezzar Je 29:3.
לֵאָה34 n.pr.f. Leah, elder daughter of Laban, and wife of Jacob (perhaps = wild-cow, Arabic لَأًى, (لَأٓةٌ) [cf. רָחֵל ewe], DlProl. 80 RSK 219 and (doubtfully) Nö ZMG xl. 1886, 167; also Gray Heb. Names, 96; others, as HptGGN 1883, 100 comp. Assyrian li’at, in sense mistress; on poss. relation of לֵאָה to לֵוִי v. לֵוִי);—mother of Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun and Dinah; Gn 29:16, 17, 23, 24, 25, 30, 31, 32 (cf. vv 33, 34, 35) 30:9 + 15 times Gn 31, 32; 33:1, 2, 7; 34:1; 35:23, 26; 46:15, 18; 49:31; Ru 4:11; 𝔊 Λ(ε)ια.
נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר31 n.pr.m. (= BH -רֶאצַּר, etc.);—Dn 2:28 + 23 times Dn, Ezr 5:12, 14; 6:5; נְבֻכ׳ Dn 3:3 + 3 times Dn.
† II. גַּת n.pr.loc. (wine-press)—Philistine city 𝔊 Γεθ, 𝔙 Geth, JosAnt. vi. 12, 2 etc., Γιττα (ed. Niese), exact site unknown (v. GASmGeog. 194 ff.), named with Gaza and Ashdod Jos 11:22 as home of remaining ʿAnaḳim; named with Ashdod, Gaza, Ashḳelon and ʿEḳron 1 S 6:17; with Ashḳelon 1 S 1:20; with Ashḳelon, Yabne and Ashdod 2 Ch 26:6; מֵעֶקְרוֹן וְעַד־גַּת 1 S 7:14, cf. 17:52b and also v 52a (read גַּת for גַּיְא 𝔊 We Dr); called גַּת פְּלִשְׁתִּים Am 6:2; built up by Rehoboam, according to 2 Ch 11:8; taken by Hazael 2 K 12:18; also 1 S 5:8; 17:4, 23 (of Goliath), cf. 2 S 21:20, 22 = 1 Ch 20:6, 8; 1 S 21:11, 13; 27:2, 3, 4, 11 2 S 15:18 1 K 2:39(×2), 40, 41 ψ 56:1 Mi 1:10, 14 1 Ch 7:21; 8:13, also 18:1 (but ‖ מֶתֶג אַמָּה 2 S 8:1; on change of this into reading in Ch v. We); c. ה loc., גַּ֫תָּה 1 K 2:40.
II. לוֹט33 n.pr.m. Lot son of Haran, and nephew of Abram; 𝔊 Λωτ;—Gn 11:27, 31; 12:4, 5; 13:1, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11(×2), 12, 14; 14:12, 16 + 15 times Gn 19; †בְּנֵי לוֹט = Moabites Dt 2:9; = Ammonites Dt 2:19; = both, ψ 83:9.
† מִיכָה n.pr.m. 1. Micha, the Ephraimite (𝔊 Μειχαίας), Ju 17:5, 8, 9, 10, 12(×2), 13; 18:2 ff. (12 times), called מִיכָֽיְהוּ 17:1 4. 2. the prophet Micah (𝔊 Μειχαίας), Mi 1:1 (Je 26:18 Kt מִיכָיָה). 3. 1 Ch 5:5. 4. son of Meribbaal (Mephibosheth) 8:34 f. (𝔊 Μιχια), 9:40 f. (𝔊 Μειχα), called מִיכָא 2 S 9:12. 5. 23:20 (𝔊 Μειχας), 24:24, 25 (𝔊 Μειχα). 6. 2 Ch 18:14 (= מִיכָֽיְהוּ 2). 7. 34:20 (‖ 2 K 22:12 מִיכָיָה).
עֵלִי n.pr.m. Eli, priest at Shiloh 1 S 1:3 (+ v 3 𝔊 Th Klo HPS), v 9, 12 + 28 times 1–4 + 14:3 1 K 2:27; Ηλει.
אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ n.pr.m. Ahasuerus = Xerxes (Pers. Khshayârshâ = mighty + eye or man, vid. Spiegel l.c. 216; in Aramaic חשיארש, CISII. i. 122 [b.c. 481]) king of Pers. Ezr 4:6 Est 1:1(×2), 2, 9, 10 + 18 textual Est + Est 10:1 Qr (Kt אחשׁרשׁ); אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ Est 1:16; 2:21; 3:12; 8:7, 10; also Dn 9:1 where made father of ‘Darius the Mede,’ cf. Meinh.
דָּנִאֵל later דָּנִיֵּאל n.pr.m. (cf. Ew§ 45 d; Ēl is my judge; on a possible connexion with Zend dânu, wise, or wisdom cf. CheOP 107; v. Palm. דנאל Vog93)— 1. son of David 1 Ch 3:1, דָּנִיֵּאל, but dub. cf. CheOP 106; 𝔊 Δαμνιηλ, 𝔊L & Codd. Δαλουια; ‖ 2 S 3:3 כִּלְאָב, 𝔊 Δαλουια KloSm proposes דֹּדִיָּה & in Ch דֹּדִיאֵל, but grounds precarious. 2. דָּנִיֵּאל priest of the line of Ithamar Ezr 8:2 Ne 10:7. 3. דָּנִאֵל a great sage Ez 28:3; classed with Noah and Job as models of righteousness Ez 14:14, 20; perhaps the same as 4. דָּנִיֵּאל, one of the noble young men taken into captivity by Nebuchadrezzar according to Dn 1:1–6, the hero of the book of Daniel, Dn 1:6 + 22 times (also frequently in Aramaic section).
קְהָת30 n.pr.m. Κααθ: son of Levi Gn 46:11; Ex 6:16; Nu 3:17; 1 Ch 5:27; 6:1; 23:6, cf. Ex 6:18; Nu 26:58 and בֶּן־ק׳ Nu 16:1; 1 Ch 6:23; בְּנֵי ק׳ Ex 6:18 + 4 times Ch; as a division of Levites Nu 3:19, 29 + 9 times; מִשְׁפְּחוֹת ב׳ ק׳ Jos 21:20, 26; 1 Ch 6:51, מִשְׁפַּחַת לִב׳ ק׳ v 55.—Van d. H. has קֳהָת Nu 3:19 + 7 times
אֶבְיָתָר n.pr.m. (the Great One is father (?) so BäRel. 156, cf. Sab. ותר) a priest, son of Ahimelech 1 S 22:20, 21, 22; 23:6, 9; 30:7(×2) 2 S 8:17 (read אב׳ בן־אחמלך so 𝔖 We Dr) + 22 times 2 S 1 K 1 Ch.
† יִפְתָּח n.pr. 1. m. Jephthah, Ιεφθαε (he [God] openeth);—Ju 11:1(×2) + 26 times 11, 12, 1 S 12:11. 2. loc. in the שְׁפֵלָה Jos 15:43 (P), A 𝔊L Ιεφθα.
† נוּן and (1 Ch 7:27) נוֹן n.pr.m. father of Joshua 1 Ch 7:27; elsewhere always בִּן־נוּן(יְהוֹשֻׁעַ) Ex 33:11 Nu 11:28; 13:8, 16 + 22 times Nu Dt Jos (JEDP); also Ju 2:8 1 K 16:34 Ne 8:17; 𝔊 Ναυη (for Ναυν by error, cf. Thes).
רִבְקָה30 n.pr.f. Rebekah, daughter of Bethuel and wife of Isaac, Gn 22:23; 24:15 + 24 times 24, 25, 26, 27; 28:5; 29:12; 35:8; 49:31;—𝔊 Ρεβεκκα.
† II. שָׁפָן n.pr.m. Σαφ(φ)αν: 1. secretary (הַסֹּפֵר) under Josiah 2 K 22:3, 8(×2), 9, 10(×2), 12, 14; 2 Ch 34:8, 15(×2), 16, 18(×2), 20. 2. father of אֲחִיקָם, contemp. of 1 (improb. = 1): 2 K 22:12; 25:22; Je 26:24; 39:14; 40:5, 9, 11; 41:2; 43:6; 2 Ch 34:20. 3. father of אֶלְעָשָׂה Je 29:3, perhaps = 2. 4. father of גְּמַרְיָ֫הוּ 36:10 (called הַסֹּפֵר), v 11, 12, perhaps = 1. 5. father of יַאֲזַנְיָ֫הוּ Ez 8:11, possibly = 1.
feminine adjective of the sun , quoted in Refs 2nd c.AD (from Middle LSJ)
Καῖσαρ, -αρος, ὁ Cæsar: Mat.22:17, Luk.2:1, Jhn.19:12, Act.25:8 ff., al (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
† יְהוֹרָם, יוֹרָם, יֹרָם n.pr.m. (י׳ is exalted; cf. מַלְכִּירָם; further, Ph. בעלרם, רמבעל; Sab. אלרם DHMZMG 1876, 686)— 1. יְהוֹ׳ (𝔊 Ἰωραμ) king of Judah, son of Jehoshaphat 1 K 22:51 2 K 1:17; 8:16, 25, 29; 12:19 2 Ch 21:1, 3, 4, 5, 9, 16; 22:1, 6, 11; = יוֹ׳ 2 K 8:21, 23, 24; 11:2 1 Ch 3:11. 2. יְהוֹ׳ (𝔊 Ἰωραμ) king of Israel son of Ahab 2 K 1:17; 3:1, 6; 9:15, 17, 21, 22, 23 2 Ch 2, 6, 7; = יוֹ׳ 2 K 8:16, 25, 28(×2), 29(×2); 9:14(×2), 16(×2), 29 2 Ch 22:5, 7. 3. יְהוֹ׳ priest in time of Jehoshaphat 2 Ch 17:8 (𝔊 Ἰωραμ, Ἰωραν). 4. יוֹ׳ son of Tou, king of Hamath 2 S 8:10 (𝔊 Ἰεδδουραν) prob. error for הֲדוֹרָם ‖ 1 Ch 18:10. 5. יֹרָם a Levite 1 Ch 26:25 (𝔊 Ἰωραμ).
יְהוֹשׁוּעַ, יְהוֹשֻׁעַ and (later יֵשׁוּעַ, n.pr.m. (& loc., v. 9 infr.) (י׳ is salvation, or י׳ is opulence, cf. אֱלִישָׁע, אֱלִישׁוּעַ, אֲבִישׁוּעַ, & NesSK 1892, 573 f.; in any case it came to be associated with ישׁע, cf. Mat 1:21; on יֵשׁוּעַ v. especially FräVOJ iv, 1890, 332 f. MüllSK 1892, 177 f. who cite analog. for change of וֹ to later—ֵ, & Nesl.c.)— 1. Moses’ successor, son of Nun, (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς) יְהוֹשׁוּעַ Dt 3:21 Ju 2:7; = יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Ex 17:9, 10, 13, 14; 24:13; 32:17; 33:11 Nu 11:28; 13:16; 14:6, 30, 38; 26:65; 27:18, 22; 32:12, 28; 34:17 Dt 1:38; 3:28; 31:3, 7, 14(×2), 23; 34:9 Jos 1:1 + 167 times Jos; Ju 1:1; 2:6, 7, 8, 21, 23; 1 K 16:34; 1 Ch 7:27; = יֵשׁוּעַ Ne 8:17 (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς); according to P, name changed by Moses from הוֹשֵׁעַ q.v. Nu 13:8, 16 (𝔊 Αὑση) Dt 32:44 (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς). †2. יְהוֹשֻׁעַ a Bethshemite 1 S 6:14, 18 (𝔊 Ὡσηε, A Ἰησοῦς, 𝔊L Ἰωσηε). †3. h.p. after the restoration, son of Jehozadak יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς) Hg 1:1, 12, 14; 2:2, 4; Zc 3:1, 3, 6, 8, 9; 6:11; = יֵשׁוּעַ (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς) Ezr 2:2; 3:2, 8; 4:3; 5:2; 10:18; Ne 7:7; 12:1, 7, 10, 26. †4. יְהוֹשֻׁעַ governor of Jerusalem under Josiah 2 K 23:8 (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς, 𝔊L Ἰωσηε). †5. יֵשׁוּעַ (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς) head of one of the classes of priests 1 Ch 24:11, possibly also Ezr 2:36 = Ne 7:39. †6. יֵשׁוּעַ (𝔊 Ἰησοῦς, etc.), a Levitical family-name of frequent occurrence: a. Ezr 2:40; 3:9 = Ne 7:43; 8:7; 9:4, 5; 10:10; 12:8. b. 2 Ch 31:15; Ezr 8:33; Ne 12:24. †7. יֵשׁוּעַ (𝔊 id.), father of a builder at the wall Ne 3:19, perhaps = †8. a Judaite family-name (𝔊 id.), Ezr 2:6 = Ne 7:11 (cf. SmListen 12). †9. n.pr.loc. in south of Judah Ne 11:26 בְּיֵשׁוּעַ (𝔊 ἐν Ἰησού, 𝔊L ἐν Σουα).
† I. כּוּשׁ n.pr.pers.m., gent. et terr. (Egyptian Kōš, SteindorffBAS i, 593, Assyrian Kûsu, Id. ib. DlPa 251; Kaši in Tel Amarna tablets, vid. WklTelAm. 39 );— 1. 1st ‘son’ of חָם Gn 10:6, 7 (P) = 1 Ch 1:8, 9, 𝔊 Χονς, 𝔙 Chus, from whom descended according to these vv. the southernmost peoples known to Hebrews. 2. land and people of southern Nile-valley, or Upper Egypt, extending from Syene (Ez 29:10) indefinitely to the south, 𝔊 Αιθιοπια, Αιθιοπες: a. the land Is 11:11; 18:1 Zp 3:10 Ez 29:10 Jb 28:19 Est 1:1; 8:9. b. the people Is 20:4 Je 46:9 Ez 38:5; personif. ψ 68:32. c. indeterminate, either land or people, or including both: Is 20:3, 5; 43:3; 45:14 2 K 19:9 = Is 37:9 Na 3:9 Ez 30:4, 5, 9 ψ 87:4 (𝔊 λαὸς Αιθιοπων). 3. in Gn 10:8 (J) = 1 Ch 1:10 כּוּשׁ is err. for כַּשׁ = Bab. Kaššu, according to SchrCOT on Gn 10:6, DlPa 51 ff. 72 f. and most Assyriol.; so perhaps also Gn 2:13 (J), yet v. HptÜber Ld. u. Meer, 1894–5, No. 15.
Βαρναβᾶς, -α, ὁ (Aram. בַּר, son, as prefix to another word interpreted in Act.4:36, τῆς παρακλήσεως, perh. נְבוּאָה, wh., however, should be rendered by προφητεία as in II Est.6:14, LXX. Deiss., BS, 309f., thinks Β. may be a variant of the name Βαρνεβοῦς, son of Nebo, found in a Syrian Inscr., altered with a view to disguising its origin; see also Milligan, NTD, iii; Dalman, Gr., 142), Barnabas: Act.4:36 9:27 11:22, 30 12:25 13-15, 1Co.9:6, Gal.2:1, 9 13, Col.4:10.† (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
† אַמְנוֹן n.pr.m. (faithful) 1. eldest son of David 2 S 3:2; 13:1–39; = אֲמִינוֹן 2 S 13:20; = אַמְנֹן 1 Ch 3:1. 2. a son of Shimon 1 Ch 4:20.
בַּעְשָׁא n.pr.m. a king of Israel 1 K 15:16, 17, 19 + 18 times 1 K 15–16 + 21:22 2 K 9:9 2 Ch 16:1, 3, 5, 6 Je 41:9.
† חֲנַנְיָ֫הוּ, חֲנַנְיָה n.pr.m. (י׳ hath been gracious)—𝔊 Ἀνανίας; חֲנַנְיָהוּ: (cf. חנניהו on Israel. seal, GanneauJAs Fev.-Mars 1883, 128, No. 1)— 1. father of a prince under Jehoiakim Je 36:12. 2. captain of Uzziah’s army 2 Ch 26:11. 3. chief of one of the divisions of musicians of David 1 Ch 25:23 = חֲנַנְיָה v 4.—חֲנַנְיָה: 4. a false prophet of Jeremiah’s time Je 28:1, 5, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15(×2), 17. 5. one of the three companions of Daniel Dn 1:6, 7, 11, 19. 6. grandfather of an officer of the guard in Jeremiah’s time Je 37:13. 7. a son of Zerubbabel 1 Ch 3:19, 21. 8. a Benjamite 1 Ch 8:24. 9. various postexilic persons. a. Ezr 10:28. b. Ne 3:8. c. Ne 3:30. d. Ne 7:2. e. Ne 10:24. f. Ne 12:12, 41.
פָּרַס28 n.pr.terr. Persia, Περσῶν (genit.), Dn 11:2 τῇ Περσίδι (𝔊 et Θ), 2 Ch 36:20 Μήδων (OPers. Pârsa, Persian, Persia, SpiegAPK 231, NPers. پَارْسِ, فَارْسِ; Arabic فَارِسُ );—פ׳ 2 Ch 36:22 +, פָּרָ֑ס v 20 +;—in late lit., 2 Ch 36:20, v 22(×2), 23 = Ezr 1:1(×2), 2; Dn 10:1 + 11 times Ezr Dn + (c. מָדַי) Est 1:3, 14, 18, 19; 10:2; Dn 8:20; פ׳ Ez 27:10; 38:5 is doubted by Toy (who, 27:10, reads כּוּשׁ, after Gr), but Krae defends.
Ἰακώβ, ὁ indecl. (Heb. יַעֲקֹב), Jacob; __1. The patriarch: Mat.1:2 8:11, Jhn.4:5-6, Act.7:8, al; as in Heb. (cf. Num.23:7, Isa.41:8, Sir.23:12, al.), of his descendants, Rom.11:26 (LXX). __2. The father-in-law of Mary: Mat.1:15-16 (on the form as distinct from that of the next word, see Deiss., BS, 3161) (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
† עֻזִּיָּהוּ, עֻזִּיָּה n.pr.m. (my strength is י׳; cf. OHeb. עזיו Lzb338);— 1. Οζειας, but also Αζαριας: king of Judah = עַזֲרְיָהוּ: a. עֻזִּיָּהוּ 2 K 15:32, 34; 2 Ch 26:1, 3, 8, 9, 11, 14, 18(×2), 19, 21, 22, 23; 27:2; Is 1:1; 6:1; 7:1. b. עֻזִּיָּה 2 K 15:13, 30; Ho 1:1; Am 1:1; Zc 14:5. 2. עֻזִּיָּהוּ father of an officer of David 1 Ch 27:25. 3. עֻזִּיָּה Levite name 1 Ch 6:9. 4. id.: priest with foreign wife Ezr 10:21. 5. id.: name in Judah Ne 11:4 (also v 5 𝔊 for חזיה).—Vid. also יַעֲזִיָּ֫הוּ" dir="rtl" >יַעֲזִיָּהוּ.
אֲדֹנִיָּ֫הוּ (אֲדֹנִיָּה) n.pr.m. (my Lord is Yahweh, cf. Ph. אדנאשמן, אדנבעל, אדנשמש etc., in Assyrian Adunibaʾal SchrKB II, 172) 1. fourth son of David 1 K 1:8 + 11 times, 2:13 + 5 times (= אֲדֹנִיָּה 2 S 3:4 1 K 1:5, 7, 18; 2:28 1 Ch 3:2). 2. a Levite †2 Ch 17:8. 3. a chief of the people †Ne 10:17 (= אֲדֹנִיקָם 7:18 Ezr 2:13 cf. 8:13).
גְּדַלְיָ֫הוּ n.pr.m. (Yah(u) is great)— 1. governor of Judea = גדליה 2 K 25:22–25 Je 39:14; 40:6–16; 41:1–18; 43:6 (24 times) 2. son of Pashur, one of the chiefs of Jerusalem in the time of Jeremiah Je 38:1. 3. one of the sons of Jeduthun, in the time of David 1 Ch 25:3, 9.
יְרוּשְׁלֵם25 n.pr.loc. Jerusalem (BH יְרוּשָׁלַםִ);—Dn 5:2, 3; 6:11; Ezr 4:8, 12 + 20 times Ezr.
† צְרוּיָה n.pr.f. Σαρουια: mother of Abishai, Joab and Asahel;—צ׳ 1 S 26:6 +, צְרֻיָה 2 S 14:1; 16:10; 23:37;—according to 1 Ch 2:16 a she was David’s sister; called אֵם יוֹאָב 2 S 17:25; elsewhere after cstr. בֶּן־ (בְּנֵי): בֶּן־צ׳ of Abishai 1 S 26:6; 2 S 16:9; 18:2; 19:22; 21:17; 1 Ch 18:12; of Joab 2 S 2:13; 8:16 = 1 Ch 18:15; 2 S 14:1; 23:18 and v 37 = 1 Ch 11:39; 1 K 1:7; 2:5, 22; 1 Ch 11:6; 26:28; 27:24; pl. of all three 2 S 2:18; 1 Ch 2:16; Abishai and Joab 2 S 3:39; 16:10; 19:23.
† קִרְיַת יְעָרִים n.pr.loc. πόλ(ε)ις Ιαρειμ[ν], Καριαθιαρειμ, etc. (city of forests);—city of the Gibeonites Jos 9:17, assigned to Judah Jos 15:60 cf. Ju 18:12(×2), on border of Benj. Jos 15:9 (הַר יְעָרִים v 10, 𝔊 πόλιν Ιαρειν, v. יְעָרִים), 18:14, assigned to Benj. v 28 (יְעָרִים om. by textual error before עָרִים, v. 𝔊); near Beth Shemesh 1 S 6:21, long the abode of ark 7:1, 2; 1 Ch 13:5, 6; 2 Ch 1:4; named in genealogical list 1 Ch 2:50, 52, 53; named also Ne 7:29 = ק׳ עָרִים Ezr 2:25 (read יְעָרִים); c. art. ק׳ הַיְּעָרִים Je 26:20; abbreviated (in poet.) (שְׂדֵי־) יָ֑עַר ψ 132:6; called also קִרְיַת־בַּעַל (Καριαθβααλ) Jos 15:60; 18:14 + v 15 (where read for ק׳ יְעָרִים, so 𝔊 Di Benn Steuern); this abbrev. into בַּעֲלָה, 15:9, 10 [(Ιε)βααλ], also v 11, 29, and מִבַּעֲלֵי יְהוּדָה 2 S 6:2 (read בַּעַל יְה׳, or בַּעֲלַת יְה׳), בַּעֲלָ֑תָה ‖ 1 Ch 13:6 (v. on these ii. בַּעֲלָה). Identif. uncertain; RobBR ii. 11 conj. Kiryat el-ʿEnab, 8 m. + W. of Jerusalem (cf. Καριαθιαρειμ LagOnom.271); ʿErma (HendersonPal. 85, 112, 210 ConderSurvey Mem. iii. 43 ff.), cf. GASmGeogr. 225 f. BuhlGeogr. 166 f.
Αἴγυπτος, ὁ, the river Nile, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 King Aegyptus, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II ἡ, Refs 8th c.BC+; Αἴγυπτόνδε to Egypt, Refs
1. Hellen , son of Deucalion, 8th/7th c.BC 2. the Ἕλληνες of 8th/7th c.BC are the Thessalian tribe of which Hellen was the reputed chief (compare Ἑλλάς 1), 8th/7th c.BC 3. later, Ἕλληνες was the regularly name for Greeks , opposite to βάρβαροι, Refs 5th c.BC, etc. 4. later still, of Gentiles , Opp. to Jews, Refs 1st c.AD 5. as adjective = Ἑλληνικός, Refs 5th c.BC, etc.:—;even with a fem. Substantive, 6th/5th c.BC, Refs 5th c.BC (Middle Liddel)
† אֲבִיָּ֫הוּ n.pr.m. & f. (Yah(u) is (my) father)—so †2 Ch 13:20, 21 = אֲבִיָּם †1 K 14:31; 15:1, 7(×2), 8 (𝔊 Ἀβιου, Ἀβια); = אֲבִי †2 K 18:2 (𝔊 Ἀβου, Ἀβουθ); = אֲבִיָּה 1 S 8:2 + 22 times— 1. king of Judah, son & successor of Rehoboam 1 K 14:31; 15:1, 7(×2), 8 1 Ch 3:10 2 Ch 11:20, 22; 12:16; 13:1, 2, 3, 4, 15, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23. 2. 2nd son of Samuel 1 S 8:2 1 Ch 6:13. 3. son of Jerob. I 1 K 14:1. 4. son of Becher, a Benjamite 1 Ch 7:8. 5. head of a priestly house 1 Ch 24:10. 6. id. Ne 10:8; 12:4, 17. 7. wife of Hezron 1 Ch 2:24. 8. mother of Hezekiah 2 K 18:2 2 Ch 29:1.
אֲבִישַׁי n.pr.m. (my father is Jesse; LagBN 75 thinks from אֲבֶן (= בֶּן) + ישׁי cf. 𝔊 Ἀβεσσα[ι] 1 S 26:6)—א׳ 1 S 26:6(×2) + 17 times 1 & 2 S = אַבְשַׁי 2 S 10:10 + 5 times 1 Ch.—grandson of Jesse; son of Zeruiah & brother of Joab 1 S 26:6(×2), 7, 8, 9 2 S 2:18, 24 + 20:6 (where read יואב 𝔖 Th We Dr) + 12 times 2 S + 20:7 (where insert אבישׁי 𝔊 We Dr) + 5 times 1 Ch.
בָּבֶל n.pr.loc. Babylon (BH id.);—Dn 2:12 + 15 times Dn, 9 times Ezr.
† בֶּן־הֲדַד n.pr.m. (appar. son of (god) Hadad = Aramaic ܒܰܪ ܗܰܕܰܕ 𝔖 ܒܰܪ ܗܳܕܳܕ PS cf. BaeRel. 168; also Bab. Bin-addu-natan etc., PinchesPB Feb. 1883, 71; Assyrian Bir-Dadda COT 1 K 20:1 HptHbr 1885, 224, but cf. 𝔊 νἱὸς Ἄδερ, & DlZK ii. 1885, 161 f.; v. also SchrKG 375 ff. 538 f.) name for king of Aram Je 49:27; in partic.;— 1. time of Asa & Baasha 1 K 15:18, 20 = 2 Ch 16:2, 4. 2. son of 1. (cf. 1 K 20:34) Assyrian Dad-idri COT (Bir-idri Dll.c.) 1 K 20:1, 3, 5, 9, 10, 16, 17, 20, 26, 30, 32, 33(×2) 2 K 6:24; 8:7, 9. 3. son of Hazael 2 K 13:3, 24, 25 cf. Am 1:4.—Vid. הדד" dir="rtl" >הדד.
† חִירָם n.pr.m. Hiram (Ph. חרם; abbr. from foregoing)—ח׳ 2 S 5:11 + 18 times 1 K + Kt 1 Ch 14:1 2 Ch 4:11; 9:10 (all Qr חוּרָם); חִירוֹם 1 K 5:24, 32; 7:40; also חוּרָם 1 Ch 8:5 + 9 times Ch.— 1. king of Tyre, contemp. of David & Solomon 2 S 5:11 1 K 5:15(×2), 16, 21, 22, 24, 25(×2), 26, 32; 9:11(×2), 12, 14, 27; 10:11, 22 1 Ch 14:1 2 Ch 2:2, 10, 11; 8:2, 18; 9:10, 21. 2. an artificer of Tyre, sent by Hiram the king 1 K 7:13, 40(×2), 45 2 Ch 2:12; 4:11(×2), 16. 3. a Benjamite 1 Ch 8:5.
† מְשֻׁלָּם n.pr.m. Μεσουλαμ, Μοσολλαμ, etc.: 1. grandfather of Shaphan 2 K 22:3. 2. son of Zerub. 1 Ch 3:19. 3. in Benj.: a. 8:17, perhaps = b. 9:7. c. v 8. d. Ne 11:7. 4. in Gad 1 Ch 5:13. 5. wall-builders: a. Ne 3:4, 30. b. 3:6. 6. a chief 10:21. 7. priests (distinctions in part obscure): a. 1 Ch 9:11; Ne 11:11; 12:13 (perhaps = שַׁלּוּם 11). b. 1 Ch 9:12. c. Ne 10:8. d. Ne 12:6. e. v 33. 8. Levites: a. 2 Ch 34:12. b. Ezr 8:16; 10:15; Ne 8:14. c. 12:25 (= שַׁלּוּם 12 a). 9. Ezr 10:29.
† נְבָט n.pr.m. father of Jerob. I (cf. Sab. נבט, נבטאל, v. נָבַט supr.);—only in phrase יָֽרָבְעָם בֶּן־נְבָט 1 K 11:26; 12:2, 15; 15:1; 16:3, 26, 31; 21:22; 22:53 2 K 3:3; 9:9; 10:29; 13:2, 11; 14:24; 15:9, 18, 24, 28; 17:21; 23:15 2 Ch 9:29; 10:2, 15; 13:6. 𝔊 Ναβαθ, Ναβατ.
פִּינְחָס25 n.pr.m. (Egyptian Pe-nehasi, the negro, according to Lauth Moses (1868), 71, ZMG xxv (1871), 139 f. cf. NesEg 112, AJSL xiii (1897) 174 Baen Ex 6:25, yet v. Di);— 1. grandson of Aaron, Φ(ε)ινεες, Ex 6:25; Nu 25:7 + 16 times †2. son of Eli 1 S 1:3 (†פִּנְחָם), 2:34; 4:4, 11, 17, 19; 14:3.
II. תָּמָר25 n.pr. 1. f. †a. daughter-in-law of Judah Gn 38:6, 11(×2), 13, 24; 1 Ch 2:4; Ru 4:12. b. daughter of David, sister of Absalom 2 S 13:1, 2 + 11 times 13, 2 Ch 3:9. †c. daughter of Absalom 2 S 14:27. †2. loc. Ez 47:19; 48:28; 1 K 9:18 Kt (> Qr תַּדְמֹר q.v.), so read also ‖ 2 Ch 8:4 (for MT תַּדְמֹר); site not certain, cf. BuhlG. 184.—בַּעַל תָּמָר v. בַּעַל" dir="rtl" >בַּעַל (s. p. 346).
Τιμόθεος, -ου, ὁ Timothy: Act.17:14-15 18:5, Rom.16:21, al. (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
† אֲחִיָּ֫הוּ, אֲחִיָּה † אֲחִיָּ֫הוּ, אֲחִיָּה (always, except where other form noted), אֲחִי n.pr.m. (brother of Yah(u), cf. Ph. חמלך brother of Milk, & especially אחתמלך sister of Milk, where אחת must be cstr. since מלך is a male deity; cf. Carth. חתמלקרת Euting 213). 1. a priest 1 S 14:3, 18. 2. a scribe 1 K 4:3. 3. a prophet 1 K 11:29, 30; 12:15; 14:2, 4; 15:29 2 Ch 9:29; 1 K 14:4, 5, 6, 18 2 Ch 10:15 (last five אֲחִיָּהוּ). 4. father of king Baasha 1 K 15:27, 33; 21:22 2 K 9:9. 5. grandson of Hezron 1 Ch 2:25, or perhaps n.pr.f., mother of preceding four, cf. Be. 6. son of Ehud, of Benj. 1 Ch 8:7 = אֲחוֹחַ v 4. 7. one of Dvd’s heroes 1 Ch 11:36. 8. a Levite, Dvd’s time 1 Ch 26:20. 9. a chief man under Nehem. Ne 10:27. 10. a Gadite 1 Ch 5:15 (אֲחִי). 11. a man of Asher 1 Ch 7:34 (id.)
† בֹּ֫עַז n.pr.m. (quickness?)— 1. kinsman of Naomi, who married Ruth Ru 2:1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 11, 14, 15, 19, 23; 3:2, 7; 4:1(×2), 5, 8, 9, 13, also v 21(×2) 1 Ch 2:11, 12 (𝔊 Βοος, Βοοζ). 2. name of the left hand of two pillars set up before temple (cf. also יָכִין sub כון) 1 K 7:21 = 2 Ch 3:17; (meaning obscure; MT appar. ref. to 1, cf. 𝔗 2 Ch 3:17; Thes supposes name of architect or donor; Ew perhaps sons of Solomon, etc.; read possibly בְּעֹז in strength, 𝔊 2 Ch 3:17 ἰσχύς; Th thinks יכין בעז a sentence, one word being engraved on each pillar, he (God) established in strength; against him, however, Ke Be; Öt thinks an exclamation, in strength! expressing satisfaction of architect; Klo proposes for בעז, בַּעַל עֹז (cf. B 1 K 7:21 Βαλαζ)).
† III. יָבֵשׁ, יָבֵישׁ n.pr.loc. et pers. 1. n.pr.loc. יָבֵשׁ גִּלְעָד Jabesh of Gilead, 𝔊 Ιαβ(ε)ις Γαλααδ, exact site uknown, Ju 21:8, 9, 10, 12, 14 2 S 21:12; 1 Ch 10:11 (𝔊L Ιαβις τῆς Γαλααδ); יָבֵישׁ גִּלְעָד 1 S 11:1, 9; 31:11 2 S 2:4, 5 (in these three 𝔊L Ιαβις τῆς Γαλαατίδιτος); יָבֵישׁ 1 S 11:1, 3, 5, 9, 10; יָבֵשׁ 1 Ch 10:12; יָבֵ֑ישָׁה v 12; ‖ יָבֵ֫שָׁה 1 S 31:12, 13. 2. n.pr.m. יָבֵשׁ father of Shallum 2 K 15:10, 13, 14.
† יוֹתָם n.pr.m. (י׳ is perfect)— 1. king of Judah, son of Azariah (𝔊 Ἰωαθαμ, Ἰωαθαν, Ἰωναθαν) 2 K 15:5, 7, 30, 32, 36, 38; 16:1 Ch 3:12; 5:17 2 Ch 26:21, 23; 27:1, 6, 7, 9; Is 1:1; 7:1; Ho 1:1; Mi 1:1. 2. youngest son of Jerubbaal (Gideon) Ju 9:5, 7, 21, 57 (𝔊 ut supr.; Codd. Ἰωθαμ, Ἰωαθαμ). 3. a descendant of Caleb 1 Ch 2:47 (𝔊 Ἰωαθαμ).
† II. כַּרְמֶל n.pr.mont. et urb. Carmel:— 1. mt.-promontory on Mediterranean, with fertile slopes, Tel el-Amarna (Ginti-)Kirmil, Jastrow JBL xi. 1892, 115; Jos 19:26, הַר־הַכּ׳ 1 K 18:19, 20 2 K 2:25; 4:25; רֹאשׁ הַכּ׳ Am 1:2; 9:3; 1 K 18:42; c. art. also Jos 12:22; and, + בָּשָׁן, Je 50:19, as pasturage (in fig. of Isr. as flock of י׳), cf. (כ׳ without art.) Mi 7:14 (less prob. rend. garden-land, i. כַּרְמֶל, so We GASm); הַכּ׳ Is 35:2 (+ הַלְּבָנוֹן, הַשָּׁרוֹן); כ׳ Is 33:9 (+ לְבָנוֹן, הַשָּׁרוֹן and בָּשָׁן, marking extent of land), Na 1:4 (+ לְבָנוֹן, בָּשָׁן); כְּכַרְמֶל בַּיָּם Je 46:18 (sim. of Nebuchad.); Ct 7:6 רֹאשֵׁךְ עָלַיִךְ כַּכּ׳ (but v. כַּרְמִיל);—on Carmel v. GASmG. 337 ff. BuhlG. 23. 2. city, 3 h. S. of Hebron, כַּרְמֶל Jos 15:55; בַּכּ׳ 1 S 25:2(×2), 7; כַּרְמֶ֫לָה v 5 (= to Carmel); הַכַּרְמֶ֫לָה 15:12; 25:40.—Mod. Kurmul, RobBR i. 492–498, ii. 97 BuhlG. 163.
† לָכִישׁ n.pr.loc.—so Jos 10:3 +; c. ה loc. לָכִ֫ישָׁה Jos 10:31 + 5 times;—Canaanitish (Amorit.) city, with king, Jos 10:3, 5, 23 (all JE), v 31; 12:11 (both D); (= Tel el-Amarna Lakiša, Lakisi WklTA Tablets, Nos. 217, 218, 180, 181); captured by Jos 10:32, 33, 34, 35 (all D); reckoned to Judah Mi 1:13 Je 34:7 Jos 15:39 (P), cf. 2 K 14:19(×2) = 2 Ch 25:27(×2), 2 Ch 11:9 Ne 11:30; base of Assyrian operations 2 K 18:14, cf. 2 Ch 32:9, also 2 K 18:17; 19:8 = Is 36:2; 37:8 (= Assyrian Lakisi SchrCOT 2 K 18:13); prob. = mod. Tell el-Ḥesy, c. 33 miles SW. from Jerusalem FJBMound of Many Cities, 1893 BuhlGeogr. § 103 GASmGeogr. 234; > Umm el-Lâḳis vdVeldeMem. 320 Guérin Judeé ii. 299 ff.; Um Lâḳis opp. by RobBR ii. 47.—𝔊 Λαχεις.
† חֲזָהאֵל n.pr.m. (Ēl sees; Assyrian Ḫazaʾilu COT Gloss) king of Aramaic 2 K 8:8, 13, 15, v 29 = 2 Ch 22:6; contr. חֲזָאֵל 1 K 19:15, 17 2 K 8:9, 12, v 28 = 2 Ch 22:5, 2 K 9:14, 15; 10:32; 12:18(×2), 19; 13:3(×2), 22, 24, 25; בֵּית חֲזָאֵל Am 1:4.
† מַעֲכָה n.pr.m., f. et gent. 1. n.pr.m. 𝔊 Μ(ο)ωχα, Μα(α)χα: a. son of Nahor by his concubine רְאוּמָה Gn 22:22 (J), ancestor of people v. 3. b. father of חָנָן, a hero of David 1 Ch 11:43. c. Simeonite name 1 Ch 27:16. d. father of Achish 1 K 2:39 (v. מָעוֹךְ supra). 2. n.pr.f. 𝔊 Μ(ο)ωχα, Μααχα, etc.: a. Geshurite princess, wife of David, mother of Absalom, 2 S 3:3=1 Ch 3:2. b. daughter of Absalom, wife of Rehoboam, mother of Abijam, 1 K 15:2; 2 Ch 11:20, 21, 22; read also מ׳ 2 Ch 13:2 (so 𝔊 𝔖) for MT מִיכָיָה, where called daughter of Uriel of Gibeah (on this difficulty v. Be Öt, and cf. c). c. mother of Asa, and called also daughter of Absalom (as b) 1 K 15:10, cf. v 13=2 Ch 15:16, (on this difficulty v. Th Kmp in Kau). d. concubine of Caleb according to 1 Ch 2:48. e. wife of Machir 1 Ch 7:16, cf. v 15 (corrupt, v. Be). f. wife of (יעיאל), father of Gibeon, 1 Ch 8:29; 9:35. 3. n.pr.gent., 𝔊 Μοοχα, Μωχα, Μα(α)χα; dwelling W. of Bashan, near Ṣoba, and Geshur (cf. especially adj. gent. infr.), 2 S 10:6, 8=1 Ch 19:7, אֲרַם מ׳ v 6 (cf. Gn 22:24 supr.);=מַעֲכָת Jos 13:13 (+ גְּשׁוּר), 𝔊 ὁ Μαχατει, Μαχαθι.—אָבֵל בֵּית מַעֲכָה v. sub בַּ֫יִת²" dir="rtl" >בַּיִת, p. 112 supr., and אָבֵל" dir="rtl" >אָבֵל, p. 5.
† מַעֲשֵׂיָהוּ † מַעֲשֵׂיָהוּ -יָה, מַעֲשַׂי n. pr.m. (work of י׳; cf. n.pr. מעשיהו on Isr. seal, Cl-Gann, v. Lzb315);—Μα(α)σσαια(ς), etc., 𝔊 B Ezr 10:21 Μασαηλ:— 1. priest, Je.’s time, מַעֲשֵׂיָה Je 21:1; 29:25; 37:3; perhaps 35:4 (-יָהוּ). 2. 29:21. מַעֲשֵׂיָהוּ 3. Levites: a. 1 Ch 15:18, 20. b. 2 Ch 23:1. 4. officials: a. 26:11. b. 34:8. 5. son of Ahaz 28:7. 6. Levite 1 Ch 6:25 reading מַעֲשֵׂיָה for MT בַּעֲשֵׂיָה q.v., cf. Kit. מַעֲשֵׂיָה of various post-exil. men: 7. Ne 3:23 (Μαδασηλ, A Μαασιου). 8. a. 8:4, 7. b. 10:26. c. 11:5. d. v 7. e. 12:41. f. v 42. 9. a. Ezr 10:18. b. v 21 (Μασαηλ, Μασειας). c. v 22. d. v 30. 10. מַעֲשַׂי (van d. H. מַעְשַׂי) Μα(α)σαι(α), a priest 1 Ch 9:12.
פְּרִזִּי23 adj.gent. Perizzite (poss., but not certainly, connected with above √);—only הַפּ׳ as n.pr.coll. ὁ (οἱ) Φερεζαῖος (-αῖοι), of ancient inhab. of Canaan, + הַכְּנַעֲנִי [q.v.] Gn 13:7; 34:30 (J), Ju 1:4, 5; also in list of peoples dispossessed by Israel Gn 15:20 Ex 3:8 + 17 times