Assyria Nation Person

אַשּׁוּר n.pr.gent. & terr. Asshur, Assyria (Assyrian Aššur, land & cityDlPa 252 COT on Gn 2:14; Pers. Athura Syriac ܐܳܬܘܽܪ on the connection with name of god Ašur, & with √ אשׁר = ��שׁר good, gracious, cf. COTl.c.; v. also JenZA. 1886, 1 f. Schr ib. 209 f. Nöib. 268 f.) 1. Asshur as person, 2nd son of Shem Gn 10:22 (P, in table of nations) 1 Ch 1:17. 2. people of Asshur (often as invading army & even world-power) Nu 24:22, 24 (poem of Balaam) Ho 12:2; 14:4 Is 10:5; 14:25; 19:23(×2), 24, 25; 23:13; 30:31; 31:8; 52:4 La 5:6; Ez 23:5; 27:23; 32:22 (here fem.) Zc 10:11; ψ 83:9 perhaps read גְּשׁוּר, cf. 2 S 2:9 sub אֲשׁוּרִי; or (if ψ 83 be late) regard אַשּׁוּר (like עֲמָלֵק ib.) as used because of ancient significance; sometimes personified as one Is 10:5 Ez 31:3 (but del. Co q.v.), cf. also Mi 5:4, 5 Zp 2:13; מַחֲנֵה א׳ 2 K 19:25 = Is 37:36; בְּנֵי א׳ Ez 16:28; 23:7, 9, 12, 23. 3. land of Assyria Gn 2:14; 10:11 Ho 5:13; 7:11; 8:9; 9:3; 10:6 Is 11:11, 16; 19:23 Je 2:18, 36 Mi 7:12 Zc 10:10; אַשּׁ֫וּרָה Gn 25:18 Is 19:23 2 K 15:29; 17:6, 23; 18:11; אֶרֶץ אַשּׁוּר Is 7:18; 27:13 Ho 11:11 Mi 5:5. 4. especially מֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר Is 8:4; 10:12; 20:1, 4, 6 (prob. gloss Is 7:17, 20; 8:7) 2 K 15:19 + 41 times 2 K; 14 times Is 36–38; 1 Ch 5:6 (אַשֻּׁר) + 13 times Ch; also Je 50:17, 18 Na 3:18 Ezr 4:2; (only Ezr 6:22 of Persian or any king not strictly Assyrian); note also הַמֶּלֶךְ א׳ Is 36:8, 16 (א׳ perhaps gloss, cf. Di who holds same view as to 2 K 18:23, 31); מַלְכֵי א׳ 2 K 19:11, 17 = Is 37:11, 18 2 Ch 28:16; 30:6 Ne 9:32.

† II. [שׁוּר] vb. behold, regard (especially Jb);— Qal Impf. 3 ms. יָשׁוּר Je 5:26, sf. יְשׁוּרֶנּוּ Jb 34:29, etc.; Imv. ms. שׁוּר Jb 35:5;— 1. behold, c. acc. pers. Nu 23:9; 24:17 (poems in JE, ‖ רָאָה), לֹא תְּשׁוּרֵנִי, subj. eye, Jb 24:15, and (= I shall not exist) 7:8, cf. 20:9 (subj. מְקוֹמוֹ), 17:15; God object 34:29; 35:14; look, gaze, abs., מִן loc. Ct 4:8. 2. regard with watchful care (subj. י׳) Ho 14:9; so, = notice, Jb 35:13; regard, observe, acc. rei, God’s word Jb 33:14 (Hi De Da al.), so, (reading 2 ms.), Siegf Bu; Du יְשִׁיבֶנָּה he (God) retracts it not. 3. watch stealthily, lie in wait, כְּנָמֵר עַל־דֶּרֶךְ אָשׁוּר Ho 13:7 (subj. י׳; Meinh Marti אֶשְׁקֹד; 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 We Now al. אַשּׁוּר), Je 5:26 (subj. wicked).—Jb 33:27 v. שׁיר" dir="rtl" >שׁיר.

† אֵסַרְחַדֹּן n.pr.m. Esarhaddon (Assyrian Ašuraḫ-iddina, Ashur hath given a brother) king of Assyria b.c. 681–668, son & successor of Sennacherib Is 37:38 = 2 K 19:37 (van d. H. אֵסַר־חַדֹּן); Ezr 4:2; cf. COT.

† אֲשׁוּרִי adj.gent. הָא׳ as n.coll. 2 S 2:9, but read perhaps הַגְּשׁוּרִי q.v., cf. also We Dr; Köh Klo al. read הָאָֽשֵׁרִי & comp. Ju 1:32.