H6789 H6789
To put an end to, destroy, annihilate; passively to perish or be cut off; intensively to consume utterly.
A forceful verb of total destruction, used almost exclusively in poetry and lament. David declares 'I destroyed those who hate me' (2 Sam 22:41), the Psalmist pleads 'destroy them!' (Ps 54:5), and in Lamentations the enemies 'silenced my life in the pit' (Lam 3:53). The Arabic cognate means 'to silence,' and that undertone persists — this is not mere damage but definitive ending. Spanish captures the range well: 'destruir' (destroy) for the Hifil, 'desaparecer' (vanish) for the Nifal, and 'consumir' (consume) for the Piel's intensive force.
Senses
1. destroy, annihilate (Hifil) — To destroy or annihilate (Hifil causative): the dominant sense, used of cutting off enemies, nations, or the wicked. David destroyed those who rose against him (2 Sam 22:41; Ps 18:40), the Psalmist prays for God to destroy his foes (Ps 54:5; 101:8), and those far from God 'perish' (Ps 73:27). Spanish 'destruir' and French 'anéantir' consistently render this total, decisive destruction. 10×
AR["أَبِدهُم", "أَهْلَكْتَ", "أُبيد", "أُبِيدُهُمْ", "تُبِيدُ", "فَأُصْمِتُهُمْ", "مُهْلِكيَّ", "يُبِيدُهُمْ"]·ben["আমি-তাদের-ধ্বংস-করব", "আমি-ধ্বংস-করব", "এবং-নির্মূল-করব-তাদের", "তিনি-তাদের-ধ্বংস-করবেন", "তুমি-ধ্বংস-করেছ", "ধ্বংস-কর-তাদের", "নির্মূল-কর", "যারা-আমাকে-ধ্বংস-করে"]·DE["cut-off", "du-setzen-ein-enden-zu", "ich-vernichtet", "ich-wird-vernichten", "jene-der-würde-abgeschnitten-mich-weg", "und-ich-zerstoere-ihnen", "vernichten-ihnen", "wird-abgeschnitten-ihnen-weg"]·EN["I-destroyed", "I-will-destroy", "You-put-an-end-to", "and-I-destroy-them", "cut-off", "destroy-them", "those-who-would-cut-me-off", "will-cut-them-off"]·FR["anéantir", "de-anéantir", "et-je-détruis-eux", "le-anéantir"]·heb["אצמית", "אצמיתם", "הצמית-ם", "הצמתה", "ו-אצמית-ם", "יצמיתם", "מצמיתי", "תצמית"]·HI["और-नाश-करूंगा-उन्हें", "तूने-नाश-कर-दिया-है", "नाश-कर", "नाश-कर-उन्हें", "नाश-करूँगा", "मैं-नाश-करूँगा", "वह-नाश-करेगा-उन्हें"]·ID["Engkau-melenyapkan", "akan-memusnahkan-mereka", "aku-binasakan", "aku-membinasakan-mereka", "binasakanlah", "dan-aku-membungkam-mereka", "yang-hendak-membinasakan-aku"]·IT["distrusse", "e-io-distruggi-loro"]·jav["Panjenengan-sampun-nyirnakaken", "badhé-numpes-sami", "kula-badhé-numpes", "kula-numpes", "kula-sirnakaken", "lan", "mugi-numpes", "tiyang-ingkang-nyirnakaken-kawula"]·KO["그들-을-끊으시리라", "그리고-잘라-버렸다-그들을", "끊으소서", "내-가-끊으리라", "멸하나이다", "멸하려는-자-들-이", "멸하셨나이다", "멸하시소서"]·PT["destruirei", "destruirás", "destruíste", "e-aniquilo-os", "eu-os-destruirei", "os-destruirá", "os-destrói", "os-que-me-destroem"]·RU["буду-истреблять", "губители-мои", "и-истреблю-их", "истреби", "истреби-их", "истребил-Ты", "истребит-их", "истреблю"]·ES["destruirás", "destruiré", "destrúyelos", "has-destruido", "los-destruirá", "los-destruiré", "los-que-me-destruyen", "y-los-destruí"]·SW["atawakatilia-mbali", "na-nikawaangamiza", "nitamwangamiza", "nitawaangamiza", "unawaangamiza", "uwaangamize", "wanaoniangamiza"]·TR["susturacaksın", "susturacağım", "ve-kestim-onları", "yok-eder", "yok-et", "yok-et-onları", "yok-etmeye-çalışanlar", "yok-ettim"]·urd["اور-میں-نے-نابود-کیا-اُنہیں", "اُنہیں-نیست-کرے-گا", "تُو-نے-خاموش-کر-دیا", "مٹانے-والے-میرے", "میں-تباہ-کروں-گا", "میں-خاموش-کر-دوں-گا", "نابود-کر", "کاٹ-ڈال-اُنہیں"]
2. be cut off, perish, vanish (Nifal) — To be cut off, perish, or vanish (Nifal passive): the subject is destroyed or disappears. Dried-up wadis 'vanish' in the heat (Job 6:17), and Job says he is 'not silenced' despite the darkness (Job 23:17). Spanish 'desaparecer' (vanish) and 'fui destruido' (I was destroyed) capture the passive dissolution implied by this stem. 2×
AR["أُصْمَتُ", "تَنْقَطِعُ"]·ben["আমি-ধ্বংস-হয়েছি", "তারা-মুছে-যায়"]·DE["[נצמתו]", "[נצמתי]"]·EN["I-was-silenced", "they-vanish"]·FR["נצמתו", "נצמתי"]·heb["נצמתו", "נצמתי"]·HI["मैं-नष्ट-हुआ", "सूख-जाते-हैं"]·ID["aku-dibungkam", "mereka-kering"]·IT["Io-era-silenced", "they-vanish"]·jav["kawula-dipunsirnakaken", "sami-ical"]·KO["끊어졌나니", "끊어진다"]·PT["fui-cortado", "são-cortados"]·RU["иссякают", "истреблён-я"]·ES["desaparecen", "fui-destruido"]·SW["sikukatiliwa-mbali", "vinakauka"]·TR["kesilirler", "susturuldum"]·urd["خشک-ہو-جاتے-ہیں", "میں کاٹا گیا"]
3. destroy utterly, consume (Piel) — To destroy utterly or consume (Piel intensive): an intensification of the basic destruction, emphasizing thoroughness or overwhelming force. Zeal 'has consumed me' (Ps 119:139) and terrors 'have destroyed me' (Ps 88:16). Spanish 'consumir' (consume) and 'destruir' (destroy) both appear, with the Piel marking a personal, existential quality of being overwhelmed to the point of annihilation. 2×
AR["أَفْنَتْنِي", "أَهْلَكَتْنِي"]·ben["আমাকে-শেষ-করেছে", "শেষ-করেছে"]·DE["haben-vernichtet-mich", "hat-verzehrt-mich"]·EN["has-consumed-me", "have-destroyed-me"]·FR["anéantir"]·heb["צימתותני", "צימתתני"]·HI["नाश-किया-मुझे"]·ID["Membinasakan-aku", "membinasakan-aku"]·IT["distrusse"]·jav["Nyirnakaken-kula", "nyirnakaken-kula"]·KO["나-를-끊었나이다", "소멸하였나이다-나-를"]·PT["Consumiu-me", "me-destruíram"]·RU["Сокрушила-меня", "истребили-меня"]·ES["Me-consumió", "me-destruyeron"]·SW["imeniangamiza", "vimeniangamiza"]·TR["tüketti-beni", "yok-etti-beni"]·urd["تباہ-کیا", "ختم-کر-دیا-مجھے"]
4. put an end to, silence (Qal) — To put an end to or silence (Qal basic stem): the unaugmented root meaning of cutting off or terminating. In Lam 3:53 enemies 'silenced my life in the pit,' echoing the Arabic cognate 'to be silent.' Spanish 'cortaron' (they cut off) preserves the concrete, terminal force of the Qal — a single decisive act of ending. 1×
AR["أَمَاتُوا"]·ben["নির্মূল-করেছে"]·DE["[צמתו]"]·EN["They-silenced"]·FR["[צמתו]"]·heb["צמתו"]·HI["समाप्त-कर-दिया"]·ID["Mereka-mengakhiri"]·IT["[צמתו]"]·jav["Piyambakipun-sami-mungkasi"]·KO["그들-이-끊었네"]·PT["Cortaram"]·RU["Заключили"]·ES["Cortaron"]·SW["Wameukata"]·TR["Susturdular"]·urd["خاموش-کیا"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)H3117 1. day, specific time (2231×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H5704 1. until, unto, as far as (1238×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H8141 1. year, unit of time (880×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H6258 1. and now (421×)G2250 1. day (388×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H4421 1. war, battle, armed conflict (319×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5750 1. again, more, further (288×)H0341 1. enemy, adversary, foe (284×)H5769 1. forever, to eternity (280×)H6256 1. time, period (264×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [צָמַת] vb. put an end to, exterminate, poet. and (in Qal, Pi.) hyperb. (proposes compress, NH id., press together; Arabic صَمَتَ is be silent, ii, iv. make speechless, silence; Syriac ܨܡܰܬ be silent (in Lexx));— Qal Pf. 3 pl. צָֽמְתוּ … חַיָּ֑י La 3:53 they have put an end to my life (Bu conj. Pi.). Niph. be ended, annihilated; Pf. 1 s. נִצְמַתִּי מִפְּנֵי־חשֶׁךְ Jb 23:17 I am [not]…