Killing and Removing

מוּת vb. die (NH id. (rare); Assyrian mâtu DlHWB 395, Arabic مَاتَ, Ethiopic ሞተ, Aramaic מוּת, מִית, ܡܺܝܬ; Nab. מות EutNab 14, 6; Zinj. מת DHMSendsch.Gloss.);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. מֵת Gn 42:38 +; 3 fs. מֵ֫תָה Gn 35:18 +; 2 ms. מַתָּה Ez 28:8; 1 s. וָמַ֑תִּי Gn 19:19; 3 mpl. מֵ֫תוּ Gn 7:22 +; 1 pl. מַתְנוּ Nu 14:2 2 K 7:4; מָ֑תְנוּ Nu 14:9 +; Impf. יָמוּת Gn 38:11 +; יָמֹ֑ת Dt 33:6 +; וַיָּ֫מָת Gn 11:28 +; 1 s. אָמוּת Gn 26:9 +; אָמֻת 2 S 19:38; אָמוּ֫תָה Gn 46:30; 3 mpl. יָמ֫וּתוּ 1 S 2:23 +; יְמֻתוּן Nu 16:29; 3 fpl. תְּמוּתֶ֫נָה Ez 13:19 (Ges§ 72, 5) +; Imv. מֻת Dt 32:50 Jb 2:9; Inf. abs. מוֹת Gn 2:17 +; cstr. מוּת Gn 25:32 +; sf. מוּתִי 2 S 19:1; מֻתָן 2 S 20:3, etc.; Pt. מֵת Gn 20:3 +; sf. מֵתִי Gn 23:4 +; fs. מֵתָה Gn 30:1 Zc 11:9; pl. מֵתִים Ex 12:33 +; cstr. מֵתֵי Is 22:2 +; sf. מֵתֶיךָ Is 26:19;— 1. die, of natural or other causes: a. (1) of man, †וַיִּגְוַע וַיָּמָת and he expired and died Gn 25:8 (+ בְּשֵׂיבָה טוֹבָה, v. infr.), v 17 35:29 (P); †וַיָּמָת וַיִּקָּבֵר Ju 10:2, 5; 8:32; 12:7, 10, 12, 15 2 S 17:23; †וימת וימלך תַּחְתָּיו and he died and—reigned in his stead Gn 36:33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 (P), 2 S 10:1 = 1 Ch 19:1, 2 K 1:17; 8:15; 13:24 1 Ch 1:44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50; וימת בְּשֵׂיבָה טוֹבָה and he died in a good old age 1 Ch 29:28 (+ Gn 25:8, v. supr.); as the result of smiting הכה Ex 21:18, 20, 22 (E); + במלחמה Dt 20:5, 6, 7 2 S 19:11; בַּחֶרֶב Je 11:22; ברעב v 22; מפני הרעב 38:9; בְּדֶבֶר 21:6; באבן Nu 35:17, 23 (P); †בַּמַּגֵּפָה Nu 14:37; 17:14; 25:9 (P). (2) fig. of wisdom, עִמָּכֶם תָּמוּת חָכְמָה Jb 12:2; of courage, וַיָּמָת לִבּוֹ בְּקִרְבּוֹ and his heart died within him 1 S 25:37.—2 S 2:31 del. מֵ֑תוּ We Dr Kit Bu, cf. 𝔊. b. of animals Lv 11:39; cattle Gn 33:13 (J), fish Ex 7:18 (E), frogs Ex 8:9 (J), lion Ec 9:4, worm Is 66:24; כֶּלֶב מֵת, dead dog (in proverb) 1 S 24:15 2 S 9:8; 16:9. c. a tree Jb 14:8. d. זִבְחֵי מֵתִים ψ 106:28 sacrifices to the dead (idols). 2. die as a penalty = be put to death: a. by human authority Gn 42:20 Ex 10:28; 21:14 (E), Gn 44:9 Jos 2:14 (J), Lv 20:20 (H), Nu 35:12, 30(×2) (P), especially D, Dt 17:5, 6; 18:20; 19:12; 22:22, 25; 24:7 Ju 6:30 1 S 14:43, 45(×2); 2 Sa 19:24 Je 38:24; מות יָמוּת, die = be put to a violent death (> AV RV surely die), 1 S 14:39, 44; 22:16; 1 K 2:37, 42 (all Judaic), Je 26:8, all of capital punishment; 2 K 8:10 (Ephr.) of assassination; מוֹת יוּמַת be put to a violent death, in the codes of Ex 21:12, 15, 16, 17; 22:18 (E), Lv 20:2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 27; 24:16, 17 (H), Ex 31:14, 15 Nu 15:35; 35:16, 17, 18, 21, 31 Lv 27:29 (P; never in D; D uses verb, either Qal or Hiph., without inf. abs.); it is used in narratives Gn 26:11(J), Ex 19:12 (E), Ju 21:5. מ׳ is preceded by רגם Nu 15:36 (P), Dt 21:21 1 K 12:18 = 2 Ch 10:18, 1 K 21:13; סקל Dt 13:11 17:5; 22:21, 24 1 K 21:10, 13, 14, 15; פגע 1 K 2:25, 46; רמס 2 K 7:17, 20; בְּיַד גֹּאֵל Jos 20:9 (P). b. inflicted by God, Gn 20:3, 7; Jos 10:11 (E), Gn 3:3; 38:11; Ex 11:5; 12:33 (J), 28:35; 30:20(×2) Lv 8:35; 10:2, 6, 7, 9; 16:1, 2, 13 Nu 3:4; 4:19, 20; 14:35; 17:14, 25, 28; 18:3, 32; 26:11, 61 (P), Dt 5:22(×2); 18:16 Ju 6:23 1 S 5:12; 12:19; 25:17, 38, 39; 2 S 6:7; 12:13; 1 K 19:4; 2 K 14:6 = 2 Ch 25:4, 1 Ch 24:2; 2 Ch 13:20; 2 K 19:35 = Is 37:36, Ez 3:20; 18:4, 20, 21, 28; 33:15; מוֹת יָמוּת Gn 2:17; 3:4 (J), 20:7 (E), Ju 13:21, 22; 2 S 12:14; 14:14; 2 K 1:4, 6, 16 (all Judaic), Nu 26:65 (P), Ez 3:18; 33:8, 14; מוֹת יוּמַת 18:13, ביד יהוה Ex 16:3 (P); בחטא Lv 22:9 (H), Nu 27:3 (P), 2 K 14:6 = 2 Ch 25:4; לשׂאת חטא למות Nu 18:22 (P); בחטאת Ez 3:20; 18:24; בטמאה Lv 15:21 (P); בעון Je 31:30; Ez 3:18, 19; 18:17, 18; 33:8, 9; לא ישׂאו עון ומתו Ex 28:43 Nu 4:15 (P); בעול Ez 18:26; 33:13, 18; על עול 18:26; במעל 1 Ch 10:13. c. die, perish, of a nation by divine judgment, Moab Am 2:2, Ephraim Ho 13:1; בית ישׂראל Ez 18:31; 33:1. d. die prematurely, by neglect of wise moral conduct Pr 5:23; 10:21; 15:10; 19:16; 23:13; Ec 7:17.— Note. On (לַבֵּן) עַל־מוּת ψ 9:1; 48:15 v. עַלְמָה" dir="rtl" >עַלְמָה sub יָאַל²" dir="rtl" >II. עלם. Poʿlel. Pf. ms. sf. מוֹתְתַנִי Je 20:17; 1 s. מֹתַתִּי 2 S 1:16; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יְמֹתְתֵהוּ 1 S 17:51; 3 fs. תְּמוֹתֵת ψ 34:22; 1 s. sf. אֲמֹתְתֵהוּ 2 S 1:10; Imv. sf. מוֹתְתֵנִי Ju 9:54; מֹתְתֵנִי 2 S 1:9; inf. מוֹתֵת ψ 109:16; Pt. מְמוֹתֵת 1 S 14:13;—kill, put to death, despatch (intens.), abs. 1 S 14:13, elsewhere c. acc. Ju 9:54; 1 S 17:51; 2 S 1:9, 10, 16; Je 20:17; ψ 34:22; 109:16. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֵמִית Ju 16:30 +; sf. וֶהֱמִתָ֑נִי 2 S 14:32; הֱמִיתָם Je 41:8; 3 fs. sf. הֱמִיתָ֑תְהוּ 2 Ch 22:11; 2 ms. הֵמַתָּה Nu 14:15; 1 s. sf. הֲמִיתִּיו (read הֲמִתִּיו) 1 S 17:35; 3 mpl. הֵמִיתוּ 1 S 30:2 +, etc.; Impf. יָמִית Nu 35:19 +; וַיָּ֫מֶת Gn 38:10 +; sf. יְמִיתֵהוּ 1 K 13:24 +; יְמִתֶנּוּ Nu 35:19 +; Imv. sf. הֲמִיתֵנִי 1 S 20:8; pl. הָמִיתוּ 1 S 22:17; Inf. abs. הָמֵת 2 K 11:15 +; cstr. הָמִית Lv 20:4 +; Pt. מֵמִית 1 S 2:6; pl. מְמִיתִים 2 K 17:26; מְמִתִים Je 26:15 Jb 33:22;—kill, put to death: 1. abs. Jb 9:23, elsewhere c. acc., subj. man, a. of killing men in personal combat, or in war, often preceded by הכּה smite Jos 10:26; 11:17; 17:50 +; of destroying a city 2 S 20:19 (‖ השׁחית v 20). b. by authority, espec. in capital punishment Ex 1:16 (E), Lv 20:4 (H), Nu 35:19(×2), 21 (P), Dt 13:10; 17:7 Ju 20:13 1 S 11:12; 28:9 2 S 14:7, 32; 21:4 1 K 2:26, 34; 11:40; 19:17(×2) 2 K 14:6 = 2 Ch 25:4; Is 11:4; Je 26:15, 21, 24; 38:15, 16, 25; Est 4:11; בַּחֶרֶב 1 K 1:51; 2:8; 2 K 11:20 = 2 Ch 23:21; הָמֵת יָמִית Ju 15:13 1 K 3:26, 27; Je 26:19; 38:15. 2. subj. God, by inflicting penalty, abs. Dt 32:39; 1 S 2:6; 2 K 5:7, elsewhere c. acc. Gn 18:25; 38:7, 10; Ex 4:24; Nu 14:15 (J), Dt 9:28; Ju 13:23; 1 S 2:25; 5:10, 11; 1 Ch 2:3; 10:14; Is 65:15; Ho 9:16; ברעב Is 14:30; בצמא Ho 2:5; of killing fish ψ 105:29; מְמִיתִים Jb 33:22 executioners, angels of death. 3. of animals killing men, e.g. ox Ex 21:29 (E), lion 1 K 13:24, 26; 2 K 17:26. 4. bring to a premature death Pr 19:18; 21:25. Hoph. Pf. הוּמָ֑ת 2 K 11:2 +; 3 mpl. הֻמְתוּ 2 S 21:9; Impf. יוּמַת Lv 20:10 +; יוּמָ֑ת Gn 26:11 +; Pt. מוּמָת 1 S 19:11, pl. מוּמָתִים 2 K 11:2 (Qr), 2 Ch 22:11;—be killed, put to death: 1. by conspiracy 2 K 11:2, 2 = 2 Ch 22:11, 2 K 11:8, 15, 16 2 Ch 23:7, 14. 2. by capital punishment Ex 21:29 (E), 35:2 Nu 1:51; 3;10, 38; 18:7 (P), Lv 19:20; 24:16, 21 (H), Dt 13:6; 17:6(×2); 21:22; 24:16(×3) = 2 K 14:6(×3), Jos 1:18 (all D) Ju 6:31; 1 S 11:13; 19:6, 11; 20:32; 2 S 19:22, 23; 21:9; 1 K 2:24; 2 Ch 15:13; Je 38:4, and the phrase מוֹת יוּמת (see Qal 2 a). 3. by divine infliction, in the phrase מות יוּמת (see Qal 2 b). 4. die prematurely Pr 19:16.

† הָרַג vb. kill, slay (NH id., ואהרג MI (1 s. Impf. consec.); Arabic هَرَجَ fall into war, conflict, disorder, slaughter; Sab. הרג fight Os4, 1, 17, kill Sab Denkm24, 25)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ה׳ Ju 9:24 + 4 times, הָרָ֑ג 2 S 14:7 + 2 times, וְהָרַג consec. Is 27:1; sf. וַהֲרָגָ֑נִי consec. 1 S 16:2 + 2 times; הֲרָגוֹ Gn 4:25; etc.; Impf. יַהֲרֹג ψ 10:8 + 4 times; יַהֲרָג־ Jb 5:2; וַיַּהֲרֹג Ex 13:15 + 14 times; sf. יַהַרְגֵנִי Gn 4:14; 1 s. אַהֱרוֹג Am 2:3, אֶהֱרֹג Am 9:1; cohort. וְאַהַרְגָה Gn 27:41; sf. וָאֶהֶרְגֵהוּ 2 S 4:10 2 K 10:9; 3 mpl. יַהֲרֹ֑גוּ ψ 94:6 Ez 23:47; וַיַּהַרְגוּ Gn 34:25 + 4 times; sf. יַהַרְגֻנִי Gn 26:7, etc.; Imv. הֲרֹג Ju 8:20; sf. הָרְגֵנִי Nu 11:15; pl. הִרְגוּ Nu 25:5 + 2 times; הֲרֹ֑גוּ Nu 31:17; Inf. abs. הָרֹג Nu 11:15 + 2 times; הָרוֹג Est 9:16; cstr. הֲרֹג Ex 2:15 + 11 times; הֲרוֹג Ec 3:3 Est 7:4; sf. הָרְגֵנִי Ex 2:14; הָרְגֵנוּ Ex 5:21; הֲרָגְךָ 1 S 24:11; הָרְגֶ֑ךָ Gn 27:42 + 2 times; הָרְגוֹ Ex 21:14; Pt. act. הֹרֵג Gn 4:15 + 4 times; הוֹרֵג Ez 21:16; הֹרֱג֑ךָ Ez 28:9; הֹרְגִים Je 4:31 2 K 17:25; pass. הֲרוּגִים Is 10:4 + 2 times; הֲרֻגִים Is 14:19; cstr. הֲרֻגֵי Je 18:21; הֲרוּגָיו Is 27:7; הֲרוּגֶיהָ Is 26:21; הֲרֻגֶיהָ Pr 7:26;— 1. a. kill, slay, implying ruthless violence, especially private violence Gn 4:8, 14, 15, 23, 25; 12:12 (all J), 20:11 (E) 26:7; 27:41, 42; 34:25, 26; 37:20, 26 (all J), 49:6 (poem in J), Ex 2:14(×2), 15 (E), 5:21 (J) 21:14; 23:7 (both JE), Nu 31:19 (P) Ju 9:5, 18, 24(×2), 56; 16:2; 20:5 1 S 16:2; 22:21; 24:11, 12, 18 2 S 3:30; 4:10, 11, 12; 12:9; 14:7; 23:21 1 K 2:5, 32; 18:12, 13, 14; 19:1, 10, 14 2 K 9:31; 10:9 1 Ch 7:21; 11:23 2 Ch 21:4, 13; 22:8; 24:23, 25; 25:3 Ne 4:5; 6:10(×2) Zc 11:5 ψ 10:8; 94:6 (‖ רִצֵּתַ); cf. Ju 8:18, 19, 20, 21; 9:54 1 K 12:27 Is 14:20 2 Ch 22:1 Ne 9:26; so of massacre of Jews planned by Haman Est 3:13; 7:4 (both לְהַשְׁמִיד לַהֲרֹג וּלְאַבֵּד), and of slaughter of Jews’ enemies in defence and revenge Est 8:11 (same combin.) 9:6, 10, 12, 15, 16 cf. v 11 (pt. pass. the slain). b. hence of wholesale slaughter after battle Nu 31:7, 8(×2) 17(×2) (all P), Jos 8:24; 10:11 (both JE), 13:22 (P), Ju 7:25(×2); 8:17; 9:45 2 S 10:18 1 K 9:16; 11:24 2 K 8:12 1 Ch 19:18 2 Ch 28:6, 7, 9; 36:17 Ez 26:8, 11, cf. Ju 9:26; pt. pass. the slain Is 10:4; 14:19 cf. Ez 23:10, 47; 37:9, Je 18:21 הֲרֻגֵי מָוֶת (‖ מֻכֵּי־חֶרֶב); further Ho 9:13 Hb 1:17 Je 4:31 Ez 21:16; 28:9; also of slaughter in a revolt 2 K 11:8 = 2 Ch 23:17. 2. of God’s slaying in judgment (stern and inscrutable), Gn 20:4 (E), Ex 4:23; 13:15; 22:23 (all JE), Am 2:3; 4:10; 9:1, 4 La 2:4, 21; 3:43 ψ 59:12; 78:31, 34; 135:10; 136:18 cf. Nu 11:15(×2) (JE), 22:23 (J), Is 14:30, 26;21 (pass. the slain, so 27:7), Je 15:3; fig. הֲרַגְתִּים בְּאִמְרֵי־פִ֑י Ho 6:5 (‖ חָצַבְתִּי בַּנְּבִיאִים). 3. rarely of judicial killing by men (at God’s command), Ex 32:27 (JE), Lv 20:15, 16 (H), Nu 25:5 (JE), Dt 13:10(×2) cf. Ez 9:6 תַּהַרְגוּ לְמַשְׁחִית. 4. of killing beasts, Nu 22:29 (J; Balaam’s ass), Lv 20:15 cf. supr., Is 22:13 (oxen; ‖ שָׁחֹט), הַתַּנִּין אֲשֶׁר בַּיָּ֑ם Is 27:1; also of killing vines, by hail ψ 78:47. 5. of killing by beasts: lions 2 K 17:25, viper Jb 20:16. 6. quite general is עֵת לַהֲרוֹג וְעֵת לִרְפּוֹא Ec 3:3. 7. destroy, ruin לֶאֱוִיל יַהֲרָג־כָּ֑עַשׂ וּפֹתֶה תָּמִית קִנְאָה Jb 5:2; מְשׁוּבַת פְּתָיִם תַּהַרְגֵם וְשַׁלְוַת כְּסִילִים תְּאַבְּדֵם Pr 1:32; also of those ruined by shameless woman Pr 7:26.—Regular construction is c. acc.; obj. sometimes om., as La 2:21; used abs. Ho 9:13 Je 4:31; 15:3 La 3:43 Ez 21:16 Ec 3:3; sq. בְּ slay among, i.e. some of, 2 K 17:25 2 Ch 28:6, 9 ψ 78:31; sq. מִן (part of), + acc., 1 Ch 19:18; sq. dir. obj. c. לְ †2 S 3:30 Jb 5:2 ψ 135:11 = 136:19, 20 (but in last 3 first obj. is acc.). Niph. Impf. 1. pass. of Qal 1 a, יֵהָרֵג La 2:20 shall priest and prophet be slain in the sanctuary? 2. pass. of Qal 1 b, 3 fpl. תֵּהָרַגְנָה Ez 26:6; also Ez 26:15 בֶּחָהרֵגּ הֶרֶג (= בְּהֵהָרֵג), but 𝔊 Co בַּהֲרֹג חֶרֶב. Pu. Pf. 3 ms. הֹרָ֑ג Is 27:7 be slain (pass. of Qal 1 b); cf. 1 pl. הֹרַגְנוּ ψ 44:23 (‖ נֶחְשַׁבְנוּ כְּעֹאן טִבְחָה).

ἀποκτείνω (later -κτέννω (which see): -κταίνωNTfuture -κτενῶ, Ionic dialect -κτενέωRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist 1 ἀπέκτειναRefs 8th c.BC+: perfect ἀπέκτοναRefs 5th c.BC+; pluperfect 3rd.pers.plural -εκτόνεσανRefs, Ionic dialect 3rd.pers.singular -εκτόνεεLXX+5th c.BC+: aorist 2 -έκτᾰνονRefs 8th c.BC+, poetry 1st pers.plural ἀπέκταμενRefs 8th c.BC+, infinitive -κτάμεναι, -κτάμεν, Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, late (ἀποθνήσκω being used as the passive by correct writers), present in Refs 4th c.AD+: aorist ἀπεκτάνθηνLXX+2nd c.AD+: aorist 2 infinitive ἀποκτανῆναιRefs 2nd c.AD+: perfect infinitive ἀπεκτάνθαιLXX+2nd c.BC+:—but aorist middle in passive sense ἀπέκτατοRefs 8th c.BC+; participle ἀποκτάμενοςRefs; compare ἀποκτείνυμι:— stronger form of κτείνω, kill, slay, Epic dialect, Ionic dialect, and the prevailing form in Attic dialect (compare ἀποθνήσκω): once in Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 of judges, condemn to death, Refs 5th c.BC+; also of the accuser, Refs 5th c.BC+; put to death, Refs 5th c.BC+: generally of the law, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 metaphorically, τὸ σεμνὸν ὥς μ᾽ ἀ. τὸ σόνRefs 5th c.BC+; σὺ μή μ᾽ ἀπόκτειν) Refs

† רָצַח vb. murder, slay (NH (rare, also in deriv.) = BH; cf. Arabic رَضَحَ, رَضَخَ break, bruise, crush);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. consec. זְר׳ Nu 35:27, וּרְצָחוֹ Dt 22:26; 2 ms. (הֲ)רָצַחְתָּ 1 K 21:19; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְצַח Nu 35:30; Dt 4:42; 2 ms. (-צַח) תִּרְצָ֑ח Ex 20:13 = Dt 5:17; inf. abs. רָצֹחַ Ho 4:2; Je 7:9; Pt. act. רֹצֵחַ Dt 19:3 +, רוֹ׳ 4:42 +;—murder, slay, with premeditation, Ex 20:13 (E) = Dt 5:17; Ho 4:2; Je 7:9; 1 K 21:19 (all abs.); c. acc. pers. Dt 22:26, unawares Dt 4:42; slay as avenger Nu 35:27, 30 (P; ‖ הֵמִית v 19, 21); especially pt. as subst. = slayer, manslayer, without intent, Dt 4:42; 19:3, 4, 6; also in P: Nu 35:6, 11, 12, 25, 26, 27, 28; Jos 20:3, 5, 6; 21:13, 21, 27, 32, 26 (van d. H., Baer, v 33 Gi; all P); murderer, with intent, Nu 35:16(×2), 17(×2), 18(×2), 19, 21(×2), 30, 31; also Jb 24:14. Niph. Impf. 1 s. אֵרָצֵחַ Pr 22:13 I shall be slain; Pt. fs. as adj. אִשָּׁה הַנִּרְצָחָה Ju 20:4 the murdered woman. Pi. (intens.) murder, assassinate: 3 mpl. יְרַצְּחוּ Ho 6:9 (abs.), יְרַצֵּ֑חוּ ψ 94:6 (acc. pers., ‖ הָרַג); ψ 62:4 v. infr.; Pt. מְרַצֵּחַ, as subst. 2 K 6:32 murderer, assassin; pl. מְרַצְּחִים Is 1:21 assassins. Pu. Impf., 2 mpl. תְּרָצְּחוּ ψ 62:4, so Baer Gi, van d. H. תְּרָצְהוּ, but Ben Napht. Pi. תְּרַצְּחוּ (Baer 143), so Vrss Hup-Now De Che Bae al. ye murder (or batter, shatter).

σταυρ-όω, (σταυρός) fence with pales, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II crucify, NT+2nd c.BC+ crucify it, destroy its power, NT nail from a cross, as amulet, Refs 1st c.AD+

ἀναιρέω, perfect ἀνῄρηκα (ἀνειρ-uncertain in Refs: — take up, ἀνελόντες ἀπὸ χθονός having raised the victim from the ground, so as to cut its throat (compare αὐερύω), Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 take up and carry off, bear away, especially prizes, ἀέθλιαRefs 8th c.BC+ __3 simply, take up, παῖδαRefs 5th c.BC+ __4 take up bodies for burial, ἀνελόντες καὶ κατακλαύσαντεςRefs 5th c.BC+; more common in middle, see below Refs 5th c.BC+ __II make away with, destroy, of men, kill, Refs 5th c.BC+; σὲ μὲν ἡμετέρα ψῆφος ἀ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 of things, abrogate, annul, ὅρους ἀνεῖλον πολλαχῇ πεπηγόταςRefs 6th c.BC+; abolish, τὰς τῶν παρανόμων γραφάςRefs 4th c.BC+:— passive, ἀνῄρηνται ὀλιγαρχίαιRefs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 destroy an argument, confute it, Refs 4th c.BC+; especially confute directly, opposed to διαιρέω (see. ἀναίρεσις 11.4)Refs 4th c.BC+; ἀ. ἑαυτὸν confute oneself, Refs 6th c.AD+ __II.4 in argument, do away with, τὰς ὑποθέσειςRefs 5th c.BC+; deny, opposed to τιθέναι, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III appoint, ordain, of oracle's answer to inquiry, ὁ θεὸς αὐτοῖς ἀ. παραδοῦναιRefs 5th c.BC+: also with accusative et infinitive, ἢν τὸ χρηστήριον ἀνέλῃ μιν βασιλέα εἶναιRefs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, answer, give a response, ἀνεῖλε τὸ χρηστήριον Refs; ἀ. τι περί τινος give an oracle about a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs __B middle, take up for oneself, take up, pick up, οὐλοχύτας ἀνέλοντοRefs 8th c.BC+; achieve, win, ἀ. τὴν Ὀλυμπιάδα, τὴν νίκην, Refs 5th c.BC+; generally, ἀ. ἐπιφροσύνας take thought, Refs 8th c.BC+; in bad sense, ὄνειδος σπαργάνων ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+; εἴ σ᾽ ἀνελοίμην if I should take thee into my service, Refs 8th c.BC+; σῖτα ἀ. get forage, Refs 5th c.BC+; ποινὴν τῆς Αἰσώπου ψυχῆς ἀ. exact vengeance for.., Refs __B.2 take up and carry off, snatch, κούρας ἀνέλοντο θύελλαιRefs 8th c.BC+; ἀνείλατο (for the formRefs 5th c.AD+ __B.3 take up for burial Refs 5th c.BC+; of the ashes of the dead, πυρὸς ἀ. ἄθλιον βάροςRefs 5th c.BC+; of one still living, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ἀναιρεθέντων τῶν νεκρῶν.. ὑγιὴς ἀνῃρέθηRefs __B.4 take up in one's arms, Refs 8th c.BC+: hence, take up new-born children, own them, Refs 5th c.BC+; take up an exposed child, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.5 conceive in the womb, with accusative, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.6 take up money at interest, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.7 take up a lease, Refs __B.8 withdraw money from a bank, etc., αὐτὸς ἀνελέσθωRefs __B.II take upon oneself, undertake, πόνουςRefs 5th c.BC+; πόλεμόν τινι war against one, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. δημόσιον ἔργον undertake, contract for the execution of a work, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.2 accept as one's own, adopt, γνώμηνRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. φιλοψυχίην entertain a love for life, Refs __B.III rescind, cancel, συγγραφήν, συνθήκας, etc., Refs 4th c.BC+

† [צָמַת] vb. put an end to, exterminate, poet. and (in Qal, Pi.) hyperb. (proposes compress, NH id., press together; Arabic صَمَتَ is be silent, ii, iv. make speechless, silence; Syriac ܨܡܰܬ be silent (in Lexx));— Qal Pf. 3 pl. צָֽמְתוּ … חַיָּ֑י La 3:53 they have put an end to my life (Bu conj. Pi.). Niph. be ended, annihilated; Pf. 1 s. נִצְמַתִּי מִפְּנֵי־חשֶׁךְ Jb 23:17 I am [not] annihilated because of (the) darkness; 3 pl. נִצְמָ֑תוּ Jb 6:17 (of dried-up brooks). Pi. Pf. 3 fs. sf. צִמְּחַתְנִי ψ 119:139 קִנְאָתִי hath put an end to me (it is so intense). Piʿlēl Pf. 3 pl. sf. צִמְּתֻתוּנִי (but read צִמְּתוּנִי Ges§ 55 d, or צִמְּתָ֑תְנִי Hi [Ges§ 145 k]; cf. Bae) ψ 88:17 thine alarms have annihilated me. Hiph. Pf. 2 ms. הִצְמַתָּה ψ 73:27; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יַצְמִיתֵם ψ 94:23(×2); 2 ms. תַּצְמִית ψ 143:12, etc.; Imv. ms. sf. הַצְמִיתֵם ψ 54:7; Pt. pl. sf. מַצְמִיתַי ψ 69:5;—exterminate, annihilate, c. acc. pers., subj. Psalmist ψ 18:41 = 2 S 22:41 (read as in ψ), 101:5, 8; his foes ψ 69:5; י׳ 54:7; 73:27; 94:23(×2); 143:12.

φον-εύω, murder, kill, τινα Refs 5th c.BC+; with double accusative, [φόνον] φ. τινά Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be slain, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 of an animal, ἐὰν.. ζῷον.. τι φονεύσῃ τινά Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 stain with blood, φασγάνῳ δέρην Refs 5th c.BC+

σφάζω, Refs 8th c.BC+ downwards, σφάττω, compare Σφαττόμενος title of play by Refs 4th c.BC+; Boeotian dialect σφάδδω Refs: future σφάξω Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἔσφαξα Refs 8th c.BC+perfect ἔσφᾰκα, known from pluperfect ἐσφάκειν Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, future σφᾰγήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+aorist ἐσφάγην [ᾰ] Trag. Refs 4th c.BC+; less frequently ἐσφάχθην, Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἔσφαγμαι Refs 8th c.BC+:—slay, slaughter, properly by cutting the throat (see. σφαγή 11)Refs 8th c.BC+ always of cattle, μῆλ᾽ ἁδινὰ σφάζουσι καὶ εἰλίποδας ἕλικας βοῦς Refs 8th c.BC+ __II especially slaughter victims for sacrifice, Refs, etc.; ἔσφαζ᾽ ἐπ᾽ ὤμων μόσχον cut its throat, as it hung from the servant's shoulders, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, NT+8th c.BC+ __II.2 generally, slay, kill, of human victims, as Iphigeneia, Menoeceus, Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. τινὰ ἐς τὸν κρητῆρα so that the blood ran into the bowl, Refs 5th c.BC+:— passive, σφάζεται ἐς τὸν τάφον Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3 of any slaughter by knife or sword, NT+5th c.BC+ __II.4 of animals, tear by the throat, σ. ὥσπερ οἱ λύκοι τὰ πρόβατα Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.5 of any killing, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.6 metaphorically, torment, τινα Refs 1st c.AD+

φόνος, ὁ, (θείνω) murder, slaughter, τεύξασα πόσει φόνον Refs 8th c.BC+; of arrows, φ. προπέμπειν Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸν Δωριέος πρὸς Ἐγεσταίων φόνον ἐκπρήξασθαι exact vengeance for the killing.., Refs 5th c.BC+; κατὰ ζῴων φόνου καὶ μὴ φόνου ὧδε ἔχει killing or not-killing, Refs 3rd c.AD+; in poetry phrases, φ. συρίζειν, κινύρεσθαι, πνεῖν, Refs 4th c.BC+; φ. τινός the murder of.., Refs; φ. Ἑλληνικὸς μέγιστος slaughter of Greeks, Refs 5th c.BC+; πολύκερως, ἄρνειος φ., Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 in law, murder, homicide, δικάζειν τοὺς βασιλέας αἰτιῶν φόνου Legal Dracontis cited in Refs 5th c.BC+ fleeing from.. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔνοχοι τῷ φόνῳ Refs 5th c.BC+; φόνου καθαρός, ἁγνός, Refs 5th c.BC+; λαγχάνονται αἱ τοῦ φ. δίκαι πρὸς [τὸν βασιλέα] Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 death as a punishment, φ. προκεῖσθαι δημόλευστον Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 blood when shed, gore, ἂμ φόνον, ἂν νέκυας Refs 8th c.BC+; of a sacrifice, ταυρείου φόνου Refs 5th c.BC+; rarely in Prose of blood, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 corpse, πρὶν ἴδω τὸν Ἑλένας φόνον.. κείμενον Refs 5th c.BC+ __6 rascal that deserves death, gallowsbird, a Dorian phrase, Refs __II of the agent or instrument of slaughter, φόνον ἔμμεναι ἡρώεσσι to be a death to heroes, Refs 8th c.BC+; of poison, LXX; without ἐν, LXX __III ={ἀτρακτυλίς}, Refs 4th c.BC+

† [קְטל] vb. slay (𝔗 Syriac (often); v. BH (late, rare));— Pe. Pt. act. קָטֵל Dn 5:19, acc. pers. Peʿîl be slain: Pf. 3 ms. קְטִיל 5:30, 3 fs. קְטִילַת 7:11. Pa. slay: Pf. 3 ms. קַטִּל 3:22 (acc. pers.); Inf. לְקַטָּלָה 2:14 (ל acc. pers.). Hithpe. be slain: Inf. לְהִתְקְטָלָה 2:13; Pt. (= gerundive, K§ 76, 3) pl. מִתְקַטְלִין v 13 were to be slain.

† הֶ֫רֶג n.m. Is 30:25 slaughter—ה׳ abs. Pr 24:11 + 2 times + Ez 26:15 (𝔊 Co חֶרֶב); cstr. Is 27:7—of Jews’ slaughter of their enemies Est 9:5 (‖ אַבְדָֿ֑ן); מָטִים לַהֶרֶג Pr 24:11 (‖ לְקֻחִים לַמָּ֑וֶת); כְּהֶרֶג הֲרוּגָיו הֹרָ֑ג Is 27:7; ביום הֶרֶג רַב Is 30:25 (cf. ביום חֲבשׁ י׳ אֶת־שֶׁבֶר עַמּוֹ v 26). Ez 26:15 read with 𝔊 Co supr.

ἀποκεφᾰλ-ίζω, behead, LXX+2nd c.AD+; of a fish, Dorioap.Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, Refs 1st c.BC+

πνικ-τός, ή, όν, strangled, NT __2 air-tight, Refs 2nd c.BC+ adverb -τῶςRefs __II baked or stewed Refs 5th c.BC+

† [קָטַל] vb. slay (poet. and late) (Arabic قَتَلَ Ethiopic ቀተለ Sab. קתל HomChrest. 126, all slay (orig. form with ת; changed later, after ק); Aramaic קְטַל, ܩܛܰܠ; Old Aramaic קטל, כטל, קתל);— Qal Impf. c. acc. pers., 3 ms. יִקְטָל־ Jb 24:14; sf., subj. God, יִקְטְלֵנִי 13:15; of God also 2 ms. תִּקְטֹל ψ 139:19.

διαχειρ-ίζω, have in hand, conduct, manage, χρήματα, πράγματα, Refs 5th c.BC+ —so in middle, future participle -ιούμενος Refs:— passive, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II middle, lay hands on, slay, NT+2nd c.BC+

† [חָנַק] vb. strangle (NH id., Aramaic חֲנַק, ܚܢܰܩ; Arabic خَنَقَ );— Niph. Impf. וַיֵּחָנַ֑ק 2 S 17:23 strangled himself (+ וַיָּ֫מָת). Pi. Pt. מְחַנֵּק Na 2:13 strangle, of lion strangling prey, fig. of Ninevitish king (object not expressed).

ἀναίρ-εσις, εως, ἡ, taking up or away, especially of dead bodies for burial, ὀστέωνRefs 5th c.BC+; in a sea-fight, νεκρῶν ἢ ναυαγίων ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 taking up, ἀ. καὶ θέσις ὅπλωνRefs 5th c.BC+ __3 undertaking, ἔργωνRefs 5th c.BC+ __II destruction, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 slaying, putting to death, LXX+1st c.AD+; banishment, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 repeal, δογμάτωνRefs 1st c.AD+; quashing of indictment, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.4 direct confutation of arguments, opposed to διαίρεσις (confutation by drawing a distinction), Refs 4th c.BC+; destruction (by argument), τινόςRefs 1st c.BC+ __II.5 Astrology texts, ={ἀκτινοβολία}, Thrasyll. cited in Refs 3rd c.AD+

ἀνασταυρ-όω, = {ἀνασταυρίζω}, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+. __II in Rom. times, affix to a cross, crucify, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.2 crucify afresh, NT

πελεκ-ίζω, cut off with an axe, especially behead, τινα NT+2nd c.BC+