H1920 H1920
Thrust, push, shove physically; drive out or expel from a place; reject or spurn figuratively
A verb of forceful displacement that ranges from a literal shove to national expulsion to divine rejection. Numbers 35:20-22 uses it for the fatal push -- one person thrusting another with lethal intent or by accident -- the core legal distinction in Israel's manslaughter law. Joshua 23:5 promises God will 'drive out' the remaining nations, while Deuteronomy 6:19 and 9:4 frame the conquest as God pushing enemies before Israel. In Proverbs 10:3, the same verb takes on moral weight: the LORD 'thrusts away' the cravings of the wicked, where multilingual evidence shifts decisively to rejection vocabulary -- Spanish 'rechaza', Hindi 'thukrana' (spurn).
Senses
1. push, thrust physically — To push, thrust, or shove a person physically with bodily force. The foundational sense, prominent in the manslaughter legislation of Numbers 35:20-22 where a fatal push determines guilt. Ezekiel 34:21 extends it to cattle pushing weaker animals with shoulder and horn. In 2 Kings 4:27, Gehazi pushes the Shunammite woman away from Elisha. Job 18:18 pictures the wicked driven from light into darkness. Spanish uses 'empujar/empujáis' (push/shove), French preserves the physical force. 8×
AR["تَدْفَعُونَ","دَفَعَهُ","فَأَدْفَعُكَ","لِيَدْفَعَهَا","يَدْفَعُهُمْ","يُدْفَعُونَهُ"]·ben["ও-ধাক্কা-দেব","ঠেলে-দিতে-তাকে","তাকে-ধাক্কা-দিয়েছেন","তাকে-ধাক্কা-দেয়","তাদেরকে-তাড়িয়ে-দেবেন","তারা-তাড়িয়ে-দেবে-তাকে","তোমরা-ঠেলে-দাও"]·DE["[הדפו]","[והדפתיך]","[יהדפהו]","[תהדפו]","er-pushed-ihn","wird-thrust-ihnen-heraus","zu-push-ihr-weg"]·EN["and-I-will-thrust-you","he-pushed-him","they-drive-him","thrust-him-down","to-push-her-away","will-thrust-them-out","you-push"]·FR["[הדפו]","[והדפתיך]","il-pushed-lui","repousser","sera-thrust-eux-dehors","à-push-sa-au-loin","יהדפהו-lui"]·heb["הדפו","ו-הדפתיך","יהדפוהו","יהדפם","יהדפנו","ל-הדפה","תהדופו"]·HI["और-धकेलूँगा-तुझे","और-में-कंधे","धकेलने-को-उसे","धकेला-उसको","धकेला-उसे","धकेलेगा-उन्हें","वे-उसे-धकेलेंगे"]·ID["Dan-Aku-akan-mendorongmu","akan-mengusir-mereka","kamu-mendorong,","mendorong-nya","mendorongnya","mereka-mendorongnya","untuk-mendorong-nya"]·IT["[הדפו]","[והדפתיך]","[תהדפו]","a-push-lei-via","egli-pushed-lui","essi-drive-lui-suo","volere-thrust-loro-fuori"]·jav["dipunsurung","kangge-nyingkiraken-piyambakipun","lan-kawula-mbirat-panjenengan","nundhung","nyurung-piyambakipun","panjenengan-sundhul","piyambakipun-nyurung"]·KO["ꬼ리라","그리고-밀어내리라","너희가-밀치고","밀어내시리라-그들을","밀어냈다-그를","밀치기-위해-그녀-를","밀친다-그를"]·PT["E-empurrar-te-ei","O-empurrarão","empurráveis","o-empurrou","os-empurrará","para-empurrá-la"]·RU["вытолкнет-их","вытолкнут-его","и-столкну-тебя","низверг-его","оттолкнуть-её","толкаете","толкнул-его"]·ES["Lo-empujan","Y-te-echaré","empujáis,","lo-empuja","lo-empujó","los-empujará","para-empujarla"]·SW["Na-nitakusukuma","alimsukuma","aliwasukuma","atawasukuma","kumsukuma","mnasukuma","watamdukiza"]·TR["Ve-kovacagim-seni","itecek","iterler-onu","itiyorsunuz","itmek-onu","itti-onu","ittiyse-onu","veya"]·urd["اور-گراؤں-گا-تجھے","اُسے-دھکیلا","اُسے-دھکیلنے","دھکّا-دے-اسے","دھکیل-دے-گا-انہیں","دھکیلا جائے-اُسے","دھکیلتے-ہو"]
2. drive out, expel — To drive out or expel a people from their land, focusing on removal and banishment rather than the physical act. In Deuteronomy 6:19 and 9:4, God drives out Israel's enemies before them. Joshua 23:5 promises God will push and dispossess the remaining nations. Spanish shifts from 'empujar' to 'expulsar' (expel), signaling the semantic move from bodily contact to territorial displacement. 2×
AR["عِنْدَ-طَرْدِ","لِيَطْرُدَ"]·ben["ক্ষেপণে","তাড়িয়ে-দিতে"]·DE["als-drives-heraus","zu-vertreiben-heraus"]·EN["to-drive-out","when-drives-out"]·FR["quand-drives-dehors","à-drive-dehors"]·heb["ב-הדוף","ל-הדוף"]·HI["जब-धकेलता","धकेलने-के-लिए"]·ID["ketika-mendorong","untuk-menghalau"]·IT["a-cacciare-fuori","quando-drives-fuori"]·jav["Supados-nundhung","nalika-nundhung"]·KO["쫓아내기-위해","쫓아내실-때에"]·PT["quando-expulsar","¶ Para-expulsar"]·RU["Чтобы-изгнать","когда-изгонит"]·ES["cuando-expulse","para-expulsar"]·SW["atakapowasukuma","kuwafukuza"]·TR["kovduğunda","kovmak-için"]·urd["دھکیلنے-میں","نکالنے-کو"]
3. reject, thrust away figuratively — To reject, spurn, or thrust away in a figurative or relational sense. Proverbs 10:3 declares the LORD 'thrusts away' (yehdof) the craving of the wicked -- not a physical push but a moral repudiation. Multilingual evidence confirms the shift: Spanish 'rechaza' (reject), Hindi 'thukrana' (spurn), Korean 'mullichichida' (repel). A single but theologically significant occurrence showing the verb's full metaphorical range. 1×
AR["يَدْفَعُ"]·ben["তিনি-প্রত্যাখ্যান-করেন"]·DE["[יהדף]"]·EN["He-thrusts-away"]·FR["יהדף"]·heb["יהדוף"]·HI["वह-ठुकराएगा"]·ID["Dia-menolak"]·IT["Egli-thrusts-via"]·jav["nolak"]·KO["물리친다"]·PT["ele-rejeita"]·RU["отвергает"]·ES["rechaza"]·SW["anaisukuma-mbali"]·TR["iter"]·urd["دھکیل-دیتا-ہے"]
Related Senses
G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H???? 1. (4670×)H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)H6213a 1. do, perform, act (2383×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)G4160 1. do, act, perform (473×)H5221 1. Hifil: to strike in battle, smite enemies (362×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G4102 1. faith, trust, belief (239×)G4100 1. believe / have faith in (233×)H0899b 1. garment, article of clothing (216×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [הָדַף] vb. thrust, push, drive (הֲדַף in 𝔗; Arabic هَدَفَ is ingressus ad aliquem fuit, propinquus fuit, also of time prope accessit)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. sf. הֲדָפוֹ Nu 35:22 Je 46:15; 1 s. sf. וַהֲדַפְתִּיךָ consec. Is 22:19; Impf. 3 ms. יֶהְדֹּף Pr 10:3; sf. 3 ms. יֶהְדֳּפֶנּוּ Nu 35:20; sf. 3 mpl. יֶהְדֳּפֵם Jos 23:5; 3 mpl. sf. יֶהְדְּפֻהוּ Jb 18:18; 2 mpl. תֶּהְדֹּ֑פוּ Ez 34:21; Inf. הֲדֹף Dt…