Going Out and Forth

יָצָא1068 vb. go or come out (NH id.; Aramaic יְעָא; Ethiopic ወፅአ, ወጽአ Assyrian âṣû DlHWB 237, all = go out, forth; Syriac ܝܺܥܳܐ go forth (in sense of germinate), grow; Ph. יצא march out; cf. SI5 המוצא the source (of water); Sab. וצֿא go out, DHM in MV; Arabic وَضُؤَ is be or become fair, beautiful, neat, clean, cf. Nö ZMG 1886, 725)— Qal Pf. יָצָא Gn 10:11 + 92 times; 3 fs. יָצְֽאָה Nu 16:35 + 13 times; יָצָ֑אָה Is 28:29; 2 ms. יָצָאתָ Gn 24:5 + 7 times; 2 fs. וְיָצָאת Je 31:4; 2 mpl. יְצָאתֶם Ex 13:3 Dt 11:10; וִיצָאתֶם Ju 21:21 Mal 3:20; 3 pl. sf. יְצָאֻנִי Je 10:20, etc.; Impf. יֵצֵא Gn 15:4 + 64 times; וַיֵּצֵא 4:16 + 132 times; 3 fs. תֵּצֵא Ex 21:7 + 22 times; וַתֵּצֵא Gn 30:16 + 14 times; 2 ms. תֵּצֵא Dt 20:1 + 16 times; 3 pl. יֵצְאוּ Gn 15:14 +; יֵצֵ֑אוּ 17:6 +; 3 fpl. וַתֵּצֶ֫אנָה 1 S 18:6 2 K 2:24; וַתֵּצֶאןָ Ex 15:20; 2 fpl. תֵּצֶ֫אנָה Am 4:3 etc.; Imv. צֵא Gn 8:16 + 15 times; וָצֵ֑אָה Ju 9:29; fs. צְאִי Ct 1:8; mpl. צְאוּ Gn 19:14 + 11 times; צֵ֑אוּ Is 49:9; Ez 9:7 + Je 50:8 Qr (Kt יֵצֵ֑אוּ) צְאֶינָה Ct 3:11; Inf. abs. יָצוֹא Gn 8:7 + 2 times; יָצֹא 27:30 + 3 times; Inf. cstr. צֵאת 24:11 + 31 times; sf. צֵאתִי Ex 9:29 + 3 times; צֵאתֵנוּ Jos 9:12; צֵאתְךָ Dt 16:3 + 10 times, etc.; Pt. (יוֹצֵא) יֹצֵא Gn 2:10 + 62 times; fs. שֶׁיֹּצָא Ec 10:5; (יו׳) יֹצֵאת Gn 24:15 + 11 times; יֹצֵת Dt 28:57, etc.;— 1. go or come out or forth: a. from (מִן) a place, e.g. a tent Gn 31:33 (E; opp. בּוֹא בְ), מִפֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד Lv 8:33; 10:7 (P), cf. מִן־הַמִּקְדָּשׁ 21:12 (H); from a house 2 S 11:8, the doors (דלתי) of a house Jos 2:19 (JE), Ju 11:31; מִפֶּתַח ביתו Ex 12:22 (JE), from a camp 1 S 13:17; 2 K 7:12, a city Gn 19:14 (J), 12:4 (P), 1 K 11:29; 20:17; Mi 4:10 a cave 1 S 24:9, the ark Gn 9:18 (J), 8:16, 19 (both P); out of vineyards Ju 21:21; sq. acc. אֶת־הָעִיר Gn 44:4 (E), Ex 9:29 (J); c. בְּ also, of gate Je 17:19 Ne 2:13; sq. acc. local. לֹא אֵצֵא פָ֑תַח Jb 31:34; pt. cstr. יֹצְאֵי הַתֵּבָה Gn 9:10 (P), יֹצְאֵי שַׁעַר עִירוֹ 34:24 (P); abs. Jos 2:5 (JE), Ju 3:24 Ex 34:34 (P), Nu 33:3 (P; Israel going out [from Egypt]), 2 Ch 26:20 +; specif., of going out (מִן) from a land (of emigration) Gn 10:11, 14; 24:5 (all J); partic. of coming forth from (the land of) Egypt (the Exodus) Ex 12:41 (J), 13:3, 8; 23:15; 34:18 (JE), Nu 1:1 (P) 11:20; 22:5 (JE), and especially D, Dt 4:45, 46; 9:7; 11:10; 16:3(×2), 6; 23:5; 24:9; 25:17; Jos 2:10; 5:4, 5, 6 (all D), Nu 33:1 (P), 1 K 6:1; 8:9 = 2 Ch 5:10, 2 K 21:15; Je 7:25; Hg 2:5; ψ 114:1. b. go forth from (the presence of) a person: Ex 8:26; 9:23; 10:6 (all sq. מֵעִם), Gn 44:28 Ex 5:20 Jer 2:37 (מֵאֵת), Ju 3:19 (מֵעָלָיו); sq. מִלִּפְנֵי Gn 4:16 (J), 41:46; 47:10; Est 8:15; Ec 10:5; sq. מֵעִם פְּנֵי Jb 1:12, מֵאֵת פְּנֵי 2:7; sq. sf. יְצָאֻנִי Je 10:20 (v. De Ec 7:18). c. in technical senses: abs. go forth, of emancipation Ex 21:2, 3(×2), 4, 5, 7(×3), 11 (all JE), cf. יצא מִתַּחַת יַד־אֲרָם 2 K 13:5; of release in the year of jubilee, land, etc. Lv 25:28, 30, 31, 33 (all H), 27:21 (P); also of a debtor-slave 25:54 (H); of divorce וְיָצְֽאָה מִבֵּיתוֹ Dt 24:2; of condemnation בְּהִשָּֽׁפְטוֹ יֵצֵא רָשָׁע ψ 109:7 when he is judged let him go out as a criminal, i.e. be condemned; of bowels (מֵעִים) falling out by reason of disease 2 Ch 21:15, 19. d. of flight, involving escape: sq. הַחוּ֫צָה, ‖ נוּס, flee Gn 39:12, 15 (J), כִּי נָצֹא תֵצֵא Je 48:9; opp. taken (by lot) 1 S 14:41; רָעָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא־יוּכְלוּ לָצֵאת מִמֶּ֑נָּה Je 11:11 calamity from which they shall not be able to escape; perhaps also יְרֵא אֱלֹהִים יֵצֵא אֶת־כֻּלָּ֗ם Ec 7:18 he that feareth God shall escape (or be freed from, v. De Hi-Now Mishn.) all of them (see VB),—on acc. with יצא v. De. e. depart בְּצֵאת נַפְשָׁהּ Gn 35:18 i.e. when she was expiring; so תֵּצֵא רוּחוֹ ψ 146:4; בְּצֵאת הַיַּיִן מִנָּבָל 1 S 25:37 i.e. when Nabal became sober; also fig. וַיֵּצֵא לִבָּם Gn 42:28 (E) i.e. their heart failed (‖ וַיֶּחֶרְדוּ); rust from (מִן) caldron Ez 24:16 (v. Co Ez 12:5); of glory of י׳ 10:18; וַיֵּצֵא מִן בַּת־צִיּוֹן כָּל־הֲדָרָהּ La 1:6; hence inf. = exit, end בְּצֵאת הַשָּׁנָה Ex 23:16 (JE), and, redundantly, כְּעֵת צֵאת הַקֵּץ לְיָמִים שְׁנַיִם 2 Ch 21:19 i.e. at the end of two years. f. of inanimate things: river out of Eden Gn 2:10 (J), water out of rock Ex 17:6 (E), Nu 20:11 (JE), from Leḥi Ju 15:19; of molten calf out of fire Ex 32:24 (E); of gold (after refining) Jb 23:10 (abs., in sim.); in prophecy of fountain from house of י׳ Ez 47:1, 8, 12 Zc 14:8 Jo 4:18; of seed (semen virile) from man Lv 15:16, 32 (P), 22:4 (H); of weapon which has pierced body 2 S 2:23 (מֵאַחֲרָיו), 2 K 9:24 (מִלִּבּוֹ), Jb 20:25 (מִגֵּוָה); וַתֵּצֵא אַחֲרָיו מַשְׂאַת הַמֶּלֶךְ 2 S 11:8 and there went out (= was sent out) after him the king’s portion (i.e. the food given by the king); idiomatically of expenditure of money 2 K 12:13 (abs., cf. Hiph. v 12); of swift movement of arrow from bow Zc 9:14 (like lightning), of lightning out of fire Ez 1:13; abs. of sunrise (subj. שֶׁמֶשׁ) Ju 5:31 (in sim.), Gn 19:23, cf. Is 13:10 (so Assyrian, e.g. ultu ṣît šanši adi êrib šanši COT Gn 19:23); of rising of stars (כּוֹכָבִים) Ne 4:15; of sentence of judge Hb 1:4(×2) ψ 17:2; of judgment, or right appearing (with sim. of light) Hos 6:5 (read וּמִשְׁפָּטִי כָאוֹר יֵצֵא), Is 62:1; of a lot וַיֵּצֵא הַגּוֹרָל לִבְנֵי יוֹסֵף Jos 16:1 (JE), and especially P, Nu 33:54 Jos 19:1, 17, 24, 32, 40; 21:4, cf. also גּוֹרָל" dir="rtl" >ויצא גְּבוּל גּוֹרָלָם 18:11 (P). g. with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source: hyssop out of the wall 1 K 5:13; מיהוה יצא הדבר Gn 24:50 (J) from י׳ has the thing proceeded, of a providential arrangement, so מֵעִם י׳ Is 28:29; מֵרְשָׁעִים יֵצֵא רֶשַׁע 1 S 24:14 (an ancient proverb); of pollution proceeding from (מֵאֵת) prophets Je 23:15; of fire from Heshbon Nu 21:28 (JE) Je 48:45, cf. Ju 9:15, 20(×2); of fire מִלִּפְנֵי י׳ Lv 9:24; 10:2, מֵאֵת י׳ Nu 16:35 (all P); in theophany יצא רֶשֶׁף לְרַגְליו Hb 3:5; iniquity from unreceptive heart ψ 73:7 (v. i. חֵלֶב 1); wrath מִלִּפְנֵי י׳ Nu 17:11 (P); abs. Je 4:4 = 21:12, 23:19 = 30:23; so salvation Is 51:5; וְנִשְׁמַת־מִי יָצְֽאָה מִמֶּךָּ Jb 26:4; of words going forth from mouth of speaker (of solemn or formal speech) לֹא יֵצֵא מִפִּיכֶם דָּבָר Jos 6:10 (JE), Ju 11:36 1 S 2:3 Je 44:17 Jb 37:2 Est 7:8, also Nu 30:3; 32:24 (both P); of י׳’s words going forth from his mouth, or from him Is 45:23; 48:3; 51:4; 55:11 Ez 33:30; of י׳’s words, instruction, command, etc., going forth Is 2:3 = Mi 4:2 (from Jerusalem), Dn 9:23; of human commandment Est 1:19, cf. v 17. h. of children as going forth from loins (of father) מִמֵּעִים 2 S 7:12; 16:11; מֵחֲלָצִים Gn 35:11 (P), 1 K 8:19 = 2 Ch 6:9; sq. מִן alone 2 K 20:18 = Is 39:7; also יֹצְאֵי יְרֵכוֹ Ju 8:30 Gn 46:26 Ex 1:5 (both P); also of birth מֵרֶחֶם (אִמּוֹ) Nu 12:12 (JE), Je 1:5; 20:18 Jb 3:11; fig. of sea 38:8, of ice v 29; מִבֶּטֶן אִמּוֹ Jb 1:21 Ec 5:14; lit., source not expr., Gn 25:25, 26; 38:28, 29, 30 (all J); of untimely birth Ex 21:22 (JE); cf. הַיּוֹצֵ֯ת מִבֵּין רַגְלֶיהָ Dt 28:57 (‖ תֵּלֵד); of family or race connexion (sq. מִן) Na 1:11 Is 48:1 1 Ch 1:12; 2:53; יצא also of produce of vine (מִגֶּפֶן) Ju 13:14, cf. הַיֹּצֵא הַשָּׂדֶה Dt 14:22 (read יצא Sam., v. Di); אֶרֶץ מִמֶּנָּה יצא לֶחֶם Jb 28:5; of viper proceeding from serpent’s root Is 14:29; further, with idea of unfolding, growth Jb 8:16; 14:2; 31:40; וְיָצָא חֹטֶר מִגֶּזַע יִשָׁ֑י Is 11:1; of the little horn Dn 8:9; so of branches of candlestick in tabernacle Ex 25:32, 33, 35; 37:18, 19, 21 (all P); then simply project (tower from wall) Ne 3:25, 26, 27; of measuring-line going forth (abs.) in a particular direction Je 31:39; of a boundary(-line) going out (abs.) so as then to turn and make an angle Nu 34:4, 9 Jos 15:3, 4, 9, 11(×2); 16:2, 6, 7; 18:15(×2), 17(×2); 19:12, 13, 27, 34, 47. 2. a. go forth to a place Gn 27:3 (J), Je 14:18 Ez 3:22 Zc 6:6(×2), 7 +; so וַיֵּצֵא הַפַּרְשְׁדֹ֫נָה Ju 3:22 (see VB); go forth in surrender 1 S 11:3 (sq. אֶל pers.), 2 K 18:31 = Is 36:16, Je 38:17, 21; אֵין פֶּרֶץ וְאֵין יוֹצֵאת ψ 144:14; into captivity לֹא יָֽצְאוּ אִתְּכֶם בַּגּוֹלָה Je 29:16, cf. 48:7 Zc 14:2; to work Ru 2:22 also יָצָא מִן־הַמָּקוֹם הַזֶּה Je 22:11, cf. בָּנַי יְצָאֻנִי 10:20. b. proceed to or toward something, fig., מֵרָעָה אֶל־רָעָה יָצָ֑אוּ Je 9:2 from evil to evil they go on; in like manner 2 S 20:8 si vera l., but read rather וְהִיא יָצְֽאָה and it (i.e. the sword) came out (of the sheath) and fell 𝔊 We Dr Kit Bu. c. come or go forth, with especially ref. to purpose or result: וְיָצָאתִי אַחֲרָיו וְהִכִּתִיו 1 S 17:35, cf. 24:15; יָצָא שָׁאוּל לְבַקֵּשׁ נַפְשׁוֹ 23:15, cf. 26:20, further 2 S 2:13; 18:4 1 K 20:18(×2), 19, 39 2 K 5:2 Mi 1:11 Je 37:5 Zc 14:3 Dn 11:11, 44 +; of an adulteress Pr 7:15; of an angel Nu 22:32 (JE), Dn 9:22; for יֵצֵא … אִתְּכֶם 1 S 22:3 (let my father etc. go forth [to be] with you, cf. Klo) read perhaps יֵשְׁבוּ as 𝔖 𝔙 Kit, v. also Dr; of army marching out to form battle line יֹצֵא אֶל־הַמַּעֲרָכָה 1 S 17:20 (c. art., MT, בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר יָצְֽאוּ Ju 2:15 in all to which they went forth, יָצָא לפני 1 S 8:20 of king going out at the head of his soldiers; so of י׳ before his people Ju 4:14 2 S 5:24 ψ 68:8, cf. 108:12 1 Ch 14:15; of י׳ going out from Seir Ju 5:14, cf. Hb 3:13; of the hand of י׳, in hostility יָֽצְאָה בִי יַד־י׳ Ru 1:13; abs. of fire breaking out Ex 22:5 (JE). 3. of combinations, note especially: יָצוֹא וָשׁוֹב (inf. abs.) Gn 8:7 going out and returning, nearly = to and fro; אִישׁ יוֹצֵא … יֹצֵא יָצוֹא וּמְקַלֵּל 2 S 16:5 = coming forth, cursing as he came; יצא ובא, lit. אֵין יוֹצֵא וְאֵין בָּא Jos 6:1 none went out and none came in, i.e. there was no free egress or ingress (of besieged city), cf. 1 K 15:17 = 2 Ch 16:1, 2 Ch 15:5; to go out and come in before, of leader in war Nu 27:17 1 S 18:16, cf. 29:6; fig. Dt 28:6 blesssed shalt thou be בבואך ובצאתך, i.e. when thou completest and beginnest any undertaking, so v 19; 31:2 לא אוכל לצאת ולבוא, i.e. I can no more engage in active undertakings; similarly Jos 14:11 1 K 3:7 Is 37:28 (+ שִׁבְתְּךָ) = 2 K 19:27, ψ 121:8. †Hiph.278 Pf. הוֹצִיא Gn 14:18 +; וְהוֹצִא consec. Dt 22:14; הוֹצֵאתָ Ex 32:11 + 7 times; וְהוֹצֵאתָ֫ Nu 20:8 + 3 times; 2 fs. וְהוֹצֵאת 1 K 17:13; sf. הוֹצִיאַ֫נִי Ez 42:15; הוֹצִיאָ֫נוּ Ex 13:14 + 2 times; הוֹצִיאֲךָ Dt 6:12; 16:1, הוֹצִאֲךָ Ex 13:9 Dt 7:19; הוֹצִיאָם Ex 32:12 + 2 times, etc.; Impf. (יֹצִא) יוֹצִיא Lv 16:27 + 9 times; (וַיֹּצֵא) וַיּוֹצֵא Gn 15:5 + 23 times; (וַיֹּצִא) וַיּוֹצִא Dt 4:20 + 4 times; sf. יוֹצִיאֵנִי Mi 7:9; וַיּוֹצִאֲךָ Dt 4:37; 5:15; וַיּוֹצִאָהּ Ex 4:6, 7; 3 fs. תּוֹצִיא Is 61:11 Hg 1:11; juss. תּוֹצֵא Gn 1:24; וַתּוֹצֵא v 12 Ru 2:18; 2 ms. תּוֹצִיא Ex 12:46 + 5 times; הֲתֹצִיא Jb 38:32, וַתֹּצֵא Je 32:21; (וַיֹּצִאוּ) וַיּוֹצִיאוּ Lv 24:23 +; sf. וַיּוֹצִיאֻהוּ 2 K 12:12; וַיֹּצִאֻהוּ Gn 19:16; וַיֹּצִי��ֻהוּ 1 K 21:13; יוֹצִיאוּם 1 Ch 9:28, etc.; Imv. הוֹצֵא Gn 19:12 + 5 times + 8:17 Kt (Qr הַיְצֵא); הוֹצִיא Is 43:8; הוֹצִ֫יאָה ψ 142:8; sf. הוֹצִיאֵנִי 25:17 1 K 22:34, etc.; Inf. cstr. הוֹצִיא Ex 6:13 +; sf. (הוֹצִאִי) הוֹצִיאִי Ex 16:32 +; לְהוֹצִאֵהוּ Je 39:14, anom. (Köi. 642), etc.; Pt. מוֹצִיא Ex 6:7 + 11 times; מוֹצֵא ψ 135:7; sf. מוֹצִיאִי 2 S 22:49, מוֹצִיאֲךָ Dt 8:14; 13:11, etc.;— 1. cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out: a. a person from a place, + מִן loc., out of prison, etc. Gn 40:14 (E), Je 20:3, 52:31 (not ‖ 2 K 25:27); so with the servant of י׳ subj. Is 42:7; out of house Jos 6:22 (JE), a city Gn 19:12 (J), Ez 14:22 (so 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Co VB; MT Hoph.); of י׳ bringing people of Jerusalem out of city to deliver them to enemy Ez 11:7 (MT (one) shall bring, but read i s., see VB), v 9; from a land Je 26:23; especially of Moses bringing Israelites out of Egypt Ex 3:10, 11, 12 (E), 14:11 (J); of Moses and Aaron 6:13, 26, 27 (P); of י׳ bringing Israelites out of (מִן) Egypt Ex 18:1; 20:2 Jos 24:6 (all E), Ex 13:3, 9, 14, 16; 32:11 Nu 20:16; 23:22; 24:8 (all JE), Dt 1:27; 4:20, 37; 5:6, 15; 6:12, 21, 23; 8:14; 9:12, 26, 28; 13:6, 11; 16:1; 26:8 (all D), Lv 19:36; 22:33; 23:43; 25:38, 42, 55; 26:13, 45 (all H), Ex 6:6, 7 (מִתַּחַת סִבְלֹת מצרים), 7:4, 5; 12:17, 42, 51; 16:6, 32; 29:46 Nu 15:41 (all P), Ju 2:12; 6:8 1 S 12:8; 1 K 8:16 = 2 Ch 6:5, 1 K 8:21, 51, 53; 9:9; Je 7:22; 11:4; 31:32; 32:21; 34:13 Ez 20:6, 10, cf. v 9 (del. Co), 2 Ch 7:22 ψ 136:11 Dn 9:15; abs., same sense, Jos 24:5 (E), Dt 7:8, 19 Ez 20:14, 22 ψ 105:37, 43; of י׳ bringing Israelites out of exile (sq. מִן) Ez 20:34, 41; 34:13; obj. rebels (out of, מִן, land) Ez 20:38; of charioteer bringing Ahab out of battle 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33; of Joseph’s bringing out his sons from between Jacob’s knees Gn 48:12 (E). b. of bringing from a place for a particular purpose (human subj.) Ex 19:17 (מִן); also (point of departure not expr., and purpose sometimes only implied) Gn 38:24 (J), Jos 2:3; 6:23(×2) Ju 6:30 2 S 12:31 = 1 Ch 20:3, 2 K 11:12 = 2 Ch 23:11, 2 Ch 23:14 Is 43:8; י׳ subj., of bringing Israelites out of Egypt to slay them Ex 32:16 (JE), Dt 9:28, 29; obj. Gog Ez 38:4; subj. יַד י׳ Ez 37:1. c. lead out as an army 2 S 10:16 = 1 Ch 19:16, so of י׳ Is 43:17; hence with הֵבִיא, of a ruler’s function to lead people out and in 2 S 5:2 = 1 Ch 11:2, Nu 27:17 (P). d. הוֹצִיא מֵרֶחֶם of God’s agency in birth Jb 10:18. e. = remove (from a person’s presence) הוֹצִיאוּ כָל־אִישׁ מֵעָלָ֑י Gn 45:1 2 S 13:9; without ‖ מעל v 18. f. of putting away wives and children Ezr 10:3, 19 (opp. הוֹשִׁיב v 2, cf. יצאה מביתו Dt 24:2). g. bring out person unto (אֶל) a place (human subj.) Jos 10:22, 23 (JE), Dt 17:5; 22:21, 24 (all D), Lv 24:14, 23 (H), Nu 15:36 (P; all אֶל־מִחוּץ), 1 K 21:10, 13 (מִחוּץ of motion to), 2 K 11:15 = 2 Ch 23:14; לְהוֹצִאֵהוּ אֶל־הַבָּ֑יִת Je 39:14; subj. angels in form of men Gn 19:16, 17 (J), Ez 42:1, 15; 46:21; 47:2; also Gn 15:5 (JE; י׳ subj.); for a specific purpose Ex 16:3 (P). h. unto a person Gn 43:23 (J), with purpose expressed or implied Ho 9:13 Gn 19:5, 8 (J), Ju 19:22, 24; Jos 10:24 (JE), Je 38:23 Ezr 8:17 (c. על) Kt (but read Qr אֲצַוֶּה). i. unto a place and a person Jos 10:22, 23 (JE), Dt 21:19 Ju 19:25. 2. fig., obj. persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc. ψ 25:17; 68:7; 107:14, 28; 142:8; 143:11; deliver from enemies 2 S 22:49 (but ‖ ψ 18:49 מְפַלְּטִי) one’s feet out of net ψ 25:15; 31:5; bring out into a large place 2 S 22:20 = ψ 18:20, cf. ψ 66:12. 3. bring out animals: horses out of Egypt 1 K 10:29 = 2 Ch 1:17 (but read Qal יֵצְאוּ 𝔊 Klo Kmp in KauAT), 2 Ch 1:17; 9:28; animals (from ark, no מן) Gn 8:17 (P) for sacrifice, to a place Nu 19:3. 4. inanimate obj.: a. carry or bring out (with and without מִן) Ex 12:39 (E) Am 6:10 2 S 12:30 = 1 Ch 20:2, 2 K 10:26; 23:4, 6; 24:13 1 Ch 9:28 2 Ch 29:5, 16(×2); 34:14 Je 8:1; 17:22; 50:25 (subj. י׳), Ez 12:4, 7 (in v 5, 6, 7b, 12 read Qal, cf. v 4b, so Co), also 24:6 (Co 24:10); obj. הָאֶבֶן הָרֹאשָׁה Zc 4:7; Lv 26:10 (H), Ezr 1:7(×2), 8. b. take or draw out (from one’s person or luggage) Gn 24:53 (J); draw out hand from one’s bosom Ex 4:6, 7 (J), cf. Ru 2:18 (food from one’s cupboard). c. = draw חַרְבִּי מִתַּעְרָ֑הּ Ez 21:8, 10 (subj. י׳). d. bring out to a place Dt 28:38 Lv 4:12, 21; 6:4; 14:45; 16:27 Ez 46:20, cf. Dt 14:28. e. bring out to (or for) a person Gn 14:18 Ju 6:19 cf. v 18, 1 K 17:13 2 K 10:22(×2). f. bring out from (מִן) a place to people Nu 17:24 (P). g. bring out in payment, pay (money, tribute, etc.) 2 K 12:12; 15:20 (עַל = in behalf of: or put it forth, imposed it, on Israel). h. bring forth (= cause to rise or appear) the heavenly bodies Is 40:26 Jb 38:32; see also אוֹרָה" dir="rtl" >וְתַעֲלֻמָה יֹצִא אוֹר 28:11 and hidden things he (the miner) bringeth forth to light. i. bring forth by miracle: Moses, water out of rock Nu 20:8, 10 (JE); י׳, id. Dt 8:15 Ne 9:15 ψ 78:16. j. = produce, generate, bring into being: of magicians trying to produce lice Ex 8:14 (P); a smith producing weapon Is 54:16; see the threefold הוציא Pr 30:33(×3); of י׳ causing לֶחֶם to proceed out of (מִן) earth ψ 104:14; elsewhere of earth as producing Gn 1:12, 24 (both P), Is 61:11 Hg 1:11; of Aaron’s rod bringing forth blossoms Nu 17:23 (P). k. bring forth words (out of mouth, etc.), i.e. speak Jb 8:10; 15:13 Pr 10:18; 29:11 Ne 6:19 Is 48:20 (‖ הגיד, השׁמיע); abs. Ec 5:1; of publishing a report הו׳ עָלֶיהָ שֵׁם רָ֑ע Dt 22:14 (‖ שָׂם לָתּ עֲלִילֹת דְּבָרִים), cf. v 19; הו׳ דִּבַּת הָאָרֶץ (רָעָה) Nu 13:32; 14:37; so 14:36 (דִּבָּה עַל־הָאָרֶץ). 5. fig., subj. י׳, bring forth from (מִן) Bel’s mouth what he has swallowed Je 51:44; wind, out of treasuries 10:13; 51:16 ψ 135:7; fire, out of Tyre Ez 28:18; curse, over the land Zc 5:4; of Jeremiah, אִם תּוֹצִיא יָקָר מִזּוֹלֵל Je 15:19 if thou bring forth the precious from (Gie without) the base, i.e if thou free that which is pure in thee from base admixture (Gf; Gie if thou produce the noble without the base); bring forth, i.e. exhibit, righteousness (innocence Che) ψ 37:6 Je 51:10 (cf. Qal 1 f end); וַיֹּצֵא לָאוֹר צַלְמָוֶת Jb 12:22, cf. Mi 7:9; subj. servant of י׳, of publishing מִשְׁפָּט (i.e. religion) to the world Is 42:1, 3. †Hoph. Pf. 3 fs. הוּצָ֑אָה Ez 38:8 (del. Co); Pt. fs. מוּצֵאת Gn 38:25; m.pl. מוּצָאִים Ez 14:22; 47:8 (but v. infr.); f.pl. מוּצָאוֹת Je 38:22;—be brought forth Gn 38:25 (J; of Tamar); of women as captives Je 38:22; remnant out of Jerusalem Ez 14:22 MT (but read Hiph., v. supr.); exiles, from among the peoples 38:8 (om. 𝔖 Co); of waters, אֶל־הַיָּ֫מָּה הַמּוּצָאִים Ez 47:8 which are caused to flow into the sea (but 𝔖 Co אֶל־הַמַּיִם הַחֲמוּצִים into the sour (bitter, salt) waters, see Field VB).

I. שָׁלַח814 vb. send (NH id.; Ecclus 48:18 +; Aramaic שְׁלַח, ܫܠܰܚ, SoBuhl BaES 41 cp. Arabic سَرَحَ (r = l), send forth, drive cattle to pasture, send messenger, etc., but then diff. √ for i. שֶׁלַח, Arabic سِلَاحٌ, سِلَحٌ weapon; Assyrian prob. šalû (send, hurl?), whence tešlîtu, command);— Qal562 Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Gn 42:4 +, 2 ms. sf. שְׁלַחְתָּ֑נִי Ex 5:22, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁלַח Gn 3:22 +, 2 fpl. תִּשְׁלַ֫חְנָה Ez 23:40 (Ju 5:26 read תִּשְׁלָחֶנָּה? Ob 3 תִּשְׁלַח יָד? Ges§ 47 k); Imv. ms. שְׁלַח 1 S 20:31 +, mpl. שְׁלָ֑חוּ 2 K 2:17; Inf. abs. שָׁל(וֹ)חַ Nu 22:37 +; cstr. שְׁלֹחַ v 15 +, שְׁלַח Is 58:9, sf. שָׁלְחֶ֑ךָ Gn 38:17, etc.; Pt. act. שֹׁלֵחַ Ex 9:14 +, etc.; שָׁלוּחַ 1 K 14:6 +, etc.;— 1. send: human subj., especially a. acc. pers. Gn 42:4; 43:8 (both J; c. אֵת with, pers.) Nu 22:15 (E) + often, c. ל rei for which Je 14:3; 16:16; sq. אֶל pers. Gn 37:13 (J), 2 S 11:6; Ne 6:5 +; rarely c. ל pers. Gn 32:19 (J; pass.), אֶל loc. 2 Ch 16:4, ב loc. 1 S 11:3, acc. loc. 2 K 22:3, -ה loc. 1 K 5:28, -ה loc. + מֵעַל pers. 2 S 13:17, מִן loc. Gn 37:14 (J), Nu 13:3 (P), etc.; sq. inf. purpose 1 S 25:14 (+ מִן loc.), 2 K 1:16 Je 40:14 +, אֶל pers. c. inf. purpose 2 S 10:3; Je 42:9 +, c. ו subord. 2 K 5:6, c. vb. fin. actionis Ex 2:5 (E), sent her maid and took, +, etc. (many combinations); acc. pers. alone 24:5 (E), Jos 7:22 (E), 2 S 10:7 + often b. less often acc. rei (sometimes c. בְּיַד of agent), c. אֶל pers. 1 S 16:20; 2 K 5:5; 20:12 +, 1 K 5:23 (= designate by sending unto), ל pers. Ju 3:15; 1 K 5:22 +, אֶל loc. Est 1:22, שָׁ֫מָּה 2 K 6:14; + inf. purpose 1 Ch 19:4; Est 4:4; + vb. fin. action. ψ 105:28; acc. of kid, alone, Gn 38:23 also (acc. om.) v 17, etc. c. very often without obj.: + vb. fin. action., send and do so and so, Gn 27:45 (E), 2 K 11:4; Jb 1:5 +; c. אֶל pers. Ho 5:13; 2 S 11:6 +, especially + לֵאמֹר Gn 38:25 (J), 1 K 20:5 (often S K), Je 29:28 +; c. inf. purpose Gn 32:6 (J), Nu 21:32 (J), 1 S 22:11 +, etc. (and so 1 S 31:9, reading וַיִּשְׁלְחוּ, for Pi., Th We Dr Now, not HPS Bu); abs. 2 K 2:16, 17; 2 S 14:29; = send to inquire 1 K 20:17, etc. 2. send: subj. י׳ (God), a. acc. pers. Gn 45:5 (E; לִפְנֵי pers.), 1 S 15:18 (בְּדָ֑רֶךְ), + אֶל pers. 2 S 12:1; acc. of angel, לִפְנֵי pers. Gn 24:7; Ex 33:2 (both J), אֵת with Gn 24:40 (J), etc.; c. acc. pers. = commission Ex 3:12 (E), Ju 6:14; Is 6:8; Je 14:14, 15 + often Je, Zc 2:13 +; also (c. אֶל pers.) Ex 3:13 (E), Je 25:4; Ez 3:6 +, etc.; especially of sending prophet, (שָׁלַח), הַשְׁכֵּם וְשָׁלוֹחַ Je 7:25 + (v. [שָׁכַם]); acc. pers. + inf. purpose 1 S 15:1; Je 19:14 +; + עַד loc. 2 K 2:2, acc. loc. v 4, ה—ָ loc. v 6, etc. b. c. acc. rei, plagues Ex 9:14 (c. אֶל־לֵב, ב pers.), fig. arrows 2 S 22:15 = ψ 18:15 (+ vb. fin. action.), ψ 144:6, cf. Je 25:16 al.; his word Is 9:7 (ב gent.), 55:11 (אשׁר to which), Zc 7:12 (ב agent.), ψ 107:20 (+ vb. fin. action.), 147:15 (+ acc. אֶרֶץ); acc. help 20:3 (מִן loc.), light and truth 43:3 (+ vb. fin. action.), cf. 57:4. 3. stretch out, especially acc. hand: a. human subj., c. ב pers. against, Gn 37:22 (E), 1 S 24:11; Est 2:21 +; c. ב rei (property of others) Ex 22:7, 10 (E), Est 9:10 +, בַּחַלָּמִישׁ Jb 28:9; c. אֶל pers. against Gn 22:12 (E), 2 S 18:12, עַל pers. 1 K 13:4, etc.; אֶל rei (for good) 2 S 6:6 (יָד om.); from outside, inward, Ct 5:4 (מִן loc.); abs. Jb 30:24 (read טֹבֵעַ for בְּעִי Di Bi Bu). + inf. purpose 1 S 22:17; 2 S 1:14; 1 Ch 13:9; + vb. fin. act. Gn 3:22 (J) Dt 25:11; Ju 15:15 +; שׁ׳ אֶצְבַּע Is 58:9, in token of scorn; c. acc. of rod 1 S 14:27; שִׁלֳחוּ מַגָּל Jo 4:13 stretch out (the) sickle. b. י׳ subj., acc. hand, + אֶל pers. against Ex 24:11 (E), cf. (עַל) ψ 138:7; + vb. fin. act. †Ex 3:20 (JE), 9:15 (J), Jb 1:11; 2:5; in favour, Je 1:9, abs. ψ 144:7 (מִן loc.), also (pass.) Ez 2:9 and (acc. תַּבְנִית יָד), 8:3. †c. acc. hand, subj. angel, + acc. loc., inf. purpose 2 S 24:16, cherub, אֶל rei, מִן loc. Ez 10:7; adversary, אֶל pers. Jb 1:12; subj. angle, acc. rod Ju 6:21. d. stretched out, slender, of tree Gn 49:21 (poem in J), v. i. אֵלָה" dir="rtl" >אֵלָה supr. p. 18b. e. perhaps extend, direct, acc. rei Ez 8:17 (v. זְמוֹרָה supr. p. 274b, also conj. in Toy Krae). 4. rarely send away (v. Pi.): human subj., acc. pers. Ju 11:38 (+ acc. temp.), Gn 28:5 (P). 5. let loose (v. Pi.), perhaps only ψ 50:19 (fig.) thy mouth hast thou let loose in evil. †Niph. Inf. abs. וְנִשְׁלוֹחַ סְפָרִים = letters were sent (Ges§ 114 z gg) Est 3:13 (+ אֶל pers., בְּיַד agent., inf. purpose). Pi.266 Pf. 3 ms. שִׁלַּח Ex 8:28 +, sf. שִׁלַּחֲךָ 1 S 20:22, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְשַׁלַּח Je 3:1 +, יְשַׁלֵּ֑חַ Is 45:13; Pr 6:14; 1 s. sf. אֲשַׁלֵּחֲךָ Gn 32:27, אֲשַׁלְּחֶ֫ךָּ 2 S 11:12 1 K 20:34, etc.; Imv. ms. שַׁלַּח Ex 4:23 +, etc.; Inf. abs. Dt 22:7 1 K 11:22; cstr. שַׁלַּח Gn 8:10 +, שַׁלֵּ֑חַ Ex 7:27 +, etc.; Pt. מְשַׁלֵּחַ Gn 43:4 +, etc.;— 1. send off, away, human subj.: a. acc. pers. + ל loc. Jos 24:28 (E), Ju 7:8; 1 S 10:25 +; + ל pers. Je 48:12; + -ה loc. Ju 12:9 and (c. inf. purpose) Gn 28:6 (P); acc. of goat, לַעֲזָאזֵל Lv 16:10 (-ה loc.), v 26; send out, different ways, acc. pers., ב loc. Ju 19:29; 20:6; send into exile, י׳ subj., c. מִן loc. Je 24:5, -ה loc. 29:20. b. send away, dismiss, acc. pers. Gn 21:14 (E), 25:6 (J; מֵעַל pers.), 2 S 13:16 +; specif., c. acc. of wife (= divorce), Dt 22:19, 29; 24:1, 3; Je 3:1 +, abs. Mal 2:16. c. send away empty (-handed) רֵיקָם, + acc. pers. Gn 31:42 (E), Dt 15:13; Jb 22:9. d. send off, give a ‘send-off’ (sometimes escort part way), acc. pers., Gn 18:16; 24:59; 31:27 (all J), 1 S 9:26; 2 S 19:32; 2 K 5:24; 6:23; Ob 7. e. acc. rei 1 S 6:8 Ne 8:12 +, c. acc. loc. 1 S 5:10; 6:3, אֶל pers. Je 27:3, etc. 2. a. send away, subj. י׳, acc. pers. Gn 19:29 (J; מִתּוֹךְ), 1 K 9:7 (מֵעַל פְּנֵי). b. give over, acc. pers. ψ 81:13 (ב of evil). c. cast out, acc. pers. Je 28:16 (מֵעַל־פְּנֵי), Lv 18:24; 20:23 (both מִפְּנֵי). d. send out, forth, send on a mission, especially of י׳, c. acc. of hornet Dt 7:20, cf. 28:20; 32:24 (all ב pers.), serpents Nu 21:6 (E; ב pers.), lions 2 K 17:25, 26 (both id.), foes 2 K 24:2(×2) (+ inf. purpose); pestilence Am 4:10; Ez 28:23 (ב pers.), etc.; also springs into (ב) channel ψ 104:10. 3. let go, set free (sometimes c. חָפְשִׁי) Ex 4:23; 5:2(×2) (all JE), 2 S 3:21, 23, 24 +; = cease to abuse Ju 19:25; + inf. purpose Gn 24:56 (J), Ex 5:1 (E; + 10 times Ex), 1 S 5:11; c. acc. of bird Gn 8:7, 8 (+ מֵאִתּוֹ) +; + עַל־פְּנֵי הַשָּׂדֶה Lv 14:7, cf. v 53 (both P); = let loose, acc. of beast, Ex 22:4 (E), Lv 16:22 (ב loc.); acc. of bridle Jb 30:11 (fig.); metaph. of strife Pr 6:14, 19; 16:28; let loose waters, subj. י׳, Jb 12:15. 4. shoot forth branches, Je 17:8 ψ 80:12 Ez 31:5 (but v. i. שֶׁלַח 2); cf. of locks (פֶּרַע) Ez 44:20 = let grow long. 5. let down, acc. pers. Je 38:6 (ב instr.), acc. rei v 11 (id. + אֶל pers. et loc.). 6. shoot (acc. of arrow om.), לְשַׁ׳ לִי לְמַטָּרָה 1 S 20:20. 7. phrases: שִׁלַּח (אֶת־)הָעִיר בָּאֵשׁ †Ju 1:8; 20:48, cf. 2 K 8:12 ψ 74:7; but also שׁ׳ אֵשׁ בְּ †Am 1:4, 7, 10, 12; 2:2, 5; Ho 8:14; Ez 39:6; rare expressions are: וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם בְּיַד־פִּשְׁעָם Jb 8:4 (God subj.); stretch out hand, ב rei (for use) Pr 31:19, ל pers. (charity) v 20; חֶבְלֵיהֶם תְּשַׁלַּחְנָה Jb 39:3 (of hinds, bearing); שַׁלַּח לַחְמְךָ עַל־פְּנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם Ec 11:1.—רַגְלַי שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ Jb 30:12 is corrupt; Theod Ew Di רַגְלָם שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ; Me Bu Be al. dittogr. from v 11 b. Pu. Pf. 3 ms. שֻׁלַּח Ju 5:15; Jb 18:8, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְשֻׁלַּח Pr 17:11; Pt. מְשֻׁלָּח Is 16:2 +;—be sent off (started on journey) Gn 44:3 (J); with commission, ב pers. Ob 1; Pr 17:11, אֶל pers. Dn 10:11; be put away, divorced, of wife Is 50:1 (fig.); be impelled (?), בְּרַגְלָיו (= at his heels?), c. ב loc. Ju 5:15 (vb. dub.), cf. שֻׁלַּח בְּרֶשֶׁת בְּרַגְלָיו Jb 18:8 he is hurried into the net with his feet (? 𝔊 Du שֻׁלְּחָה רַגְלוֹ); קֵן מְשֻׁלָּח Is 16:2 a driven (scattered) nest (‖ עוֹף נוֹדֵד), cf. נָוֶה מְשׁ׳ וְנֶעֱזָב כַּמִּדְבָּר 27:10; נַעַר מְשׁ׳ Pr 29:15 a boy let loose (unrestrained). †Hiph. Pf. 1 s. וְהִשְׁלַחְתִּ֫י and I (י׳) will send famine, בָּאָרֶץ Am 8:11, cf. Ez 14:13, wild beasts; ב pers. Lv 26:22 (H); Pt. מַשְׁלִיחַ, acc. of flies, ב pers. Ex 8:17 (J); Inf. cstr. לְהַשְׁלִיחַ, acc. of foe, ב gent. 2 K 15:37.

יָרַד380 vb. come or go down, descend (NH id.; MI32 וארד and רד; Assyrian arâdu, DlHWB 240; Arabic وَرَدَ come to, arrive at, also descend; Ethiopic ወረደ descend; Sab. ורד and הורד id., DHM in MV)— Qal306 Pf. יָרַד Ex 19:18 +; יְרַד Ju 5:13(×2) (but read יָרַד or יֵרֵד); רַד 19:11 (read יָרַד), etc.; Impf. יֵרֵד Gn 42:38 +; וַיֵּ֫רֶד Gn 11:5 +; וַיֵּרַ֑ד 2 S 22:10 + 2 times; 3 fs. (אֵשׁ) תֵּ֫רֶד 2 K 1:10, 12; תּרַד Je 13:17 La 3:48; תֵּרֵ֔ד Is 34:5; 63:14; תֵּרֵ֑ד Ez 26:11 (יוֹרִיד Vrss Co); וַתֵּ֫רֶד Gn 24:16 + 7 times; 2 ms. תֵּרֵד Gn 26:2 + 5 times + 1 S 20:19, where read תִּפָּקֵד We Dr, cf. 𝔊 𝔖 𝔗 1 s. אֵרֵד Gn 37:35 + 3 times; וָאֵרֵד Ex 3:8 + 3 times; cohort. אֵרְדָה־נָא Gn 18:21; יֵרְדוּ 1 S 13:12 + 4 times; וַיֵּרְדוּ Gn 42:3 + 19 times; 3 f. pl. תֵּרַדְנָה Je 14:17 + 2 times; 1 pl. נֵרֵד Gn 43:5; cohort. נֵרְדָה Gn 11:7 + 2 times; וַנֵּ֫רֶד 2 K 10:13; Imv. רֵד Ex 19:21 +; רְדָה Gn 45:9 Ez 32:19; רֵ֑דָה 2 K 1:9, 11; fs. רְדִי Je 48:18 Is 47:1; mpl. רְדוּ Gn 42:2 + 5 times; Inf. abs. יָרֹד Gn 43:20; cstr. רֶ֫דֶת Gn 44:26 +; (מֵ)רְדָה Gn 46:3 (v. Köi. 402); sf. רִדְתִּי ψ 30:10, etc. (in ψ 30:4 read Kt מִיּוֹרְדֵי, so 𝔊 𝔖 Che Bae, v. Ol§§ 160 b, 245 d); Pt. יוֹרֵד Ju 9:36 +; fs. יֹרְדָה La 1:16; (הַ)יֹּרֶ֫דֶת Ec 3:21 1 S 25:30, etc.;— 1. a. come or go down: from (מִן) a mountain Ex 19:14; 32:1, 15 (all E), 34:29(×2) (JE), Dt 9:15; 10:5 Nu 20:28 (P) +; abs. Ex 19:21, 24 (J), v 25 (J; c. אֶל pers.); from the air, of birds, sq. עַל Gn 15:11 (JE). b. go down (usually from mountain or hill-country into plain), to battle, abs. Ju 5:14; sq. לָעֵמֶק Ju 1:34; sq. לַשְּׁעָרִים Ju 5:11; sq. אֶל v 10, 11, cf. 1 S 17:8 (sq. אֶל pers.); sq. לִקְרַאת Ju 7:24; sq. אַחֲרֵי pers. 1 S 14:36; sq. ב loc. Ju 7:9; בַּמִּלְחָמָה יֵרֵד וְנִסְפָּה 1 S 26:10, cf. 29:4; 30:24; of single combat, וַיֵּרֶד אֵלָיו בַּשָּׁ֑בֶט 2 S 23:21 = 1 Ch 11:23. c. go down to (acc.) threshing-floor, Ru 3:3, 5; (from David’s palace) to Uriah’s house (אֶל) 2 S 11:9, 10(×2), 13; from temple to (acc.) king’s house Je 36:12 (+ עַל־לִשְׁכַּת הַסֹּפֵר); רֵד בֵּית־מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָח 22:1, etc. d. go down (abs.) from Palestine to Egypt Gn 42:3 (E), v 38 (J) + 6 times JE; †sq. אֵלַי Gn 45:9 (E); sq. מִצְרַ֫יְמָה Gn 46:3, 4 (E), 12:10; 26:2 (both J), Nu 20:15 (JE); sq. מִצְרַיִם Jos 24:4 (E), Gn 43:15 (J), Is 30:2; 31:1; 52:4; sq. שָׁ֫מָּה Gn 42:2 (E)†; so to Philistine cities Ju 14:19; 16:31 1 S 13:20 Am 6:2. e. from Jerusalem, abs. Ju 1:9 1 K 1:25 Ne 6:3 2 Ch 20:16 (to battle); to Jezreel 2 K 8:21 = 9:26 = 2 Ch 22:6; to Samaria 1 K 22:2 = 2 Ch 18:2; (to Gihon) 1 Ki 1:38, etc. †f. from altar ירד מֵעֲשׂוֹת הַחַטָּאת Lv 9:22 (P); from chariot, c. מֵעַל Ju 4:15; from ass, c. מֵעַל 1 S 25:23; from throne, c. מֵעַל Ez 26:16, abs. Is 47:1, cf. רְדִי מִכָּבוֹד Je 48:18; from ships, c. מִן Ez 27:29; from bed, c. מִן 2 K 1:4, 6, 16 (all opp. עלה). †g. go down הָעַ֫יְנָה Gn 24:16, 45 (J); sq. לִרְחֹץ עַל הַיְאֹר Ex 2:5 (E), cf. (abs.) 2 K 5:14; sq. acc. הַסֶּלַע 1 S 23:25; יוֹרְדֵי הַיָּם Is 42:10; יוֹרְדֵי הַיָּם בָּאֳנִיּוֹת ψ 107:23; abs. (into pit or well) 2 S 23:30 = 1 Ch 11:22, sq. שָׁם (i.e. בְּאֵר) 2 S 17:18.—וְיָרַדְתִּי Ju 11:37, read וְרַדְתִּי (√ רוד, wander about), RS in Bla. †h. = sink, in water יָֽרְדוּ בִמְצוֹלוֹת כְּמוֹ־אָ֑בֶן Ex 15:5 (song in E); לְקִצְבֵי הָרִים יָרַדְתִּי Jon 2:7; more gen., opp. rising, יַעֲלוּ הָרִים יֵֽרְדוּ בְקָעוֹת ψ 104:8 mountains rise, valleys sink; יַעֲלוּ שָׁמַיִם יֵרְדוּ תְהוֹמוֹת 107:26. i. go down to Sheʾôl: †sq. שְׁא֫וֹלָה Gn 37:35 (J; + אֶל־בְּנִי), Nu 16:30, 33 (JE), Ez 31:15, 17; sq. שְׁאוֹל Ez 32:27 ψ 55:16 Jb 7:6 (opp. עלה); בַּדֵּי שְׁאֹל תֵּרַדְנָה Jb 17:16; abs. Is 5:14 Ez 32:19 (‖ הָשְׁכְּבָה), v 21, 30, ψ 49:15 (sq. אַחֲרָיו); יָֽרְדוּ עֲרֵלִים Ez 32:24; sq. שַׁחַת Jb 33:24, אֶל־שַׁחַת ψ 30:10; sq. בּוֹר ψ 30:4 Qr (Kt יורדי); יוֹרְדֵי אֶל־אַבְנֵי־בוֹר Is 14:19†; יוֹרְדֵי בוֹר ψ 28:1 Ez 26:20(×2) (‖ אֶרֶץ תַּחְתִּיּוֹת) + 11 times (v. בּוֹר); †יוֹרְדֵי עָפָר ψ 22:30; יוֹרְדֵי דוּמָה 115:17 (‖ הַמֵּתִים); רַגְלֶיהָ יֹרְדֹת מָ֑וֶת Pr 5:5, cf. 7:27 (‖ דַּרְכֵי שְׁאוֹל); note also מִי יוֹדֵעַ … רוּחַ הַבְּהֵמָה הַיֹּרֶדֶת הִיא לְמַטָּה לָאָרֶץ Ec 3:21 (opp. הָעֹלָה הִיא לְמָ֑עְלָה; read חֲיֹרדת, הַעֹלָה, with Vrss, see VB). j. fig. יֹרֵד בַּבֶּ֑כִי Is 15:3 going down (dissolving) in tears (‖ יְיֵלֵיל; cf. 3 c). †k. = be prostrated, abs., of horses and riders Hg 2:22, cf. Is 34:7, perhaps also Je 48:15; 50:27 (+ לַטָּ֑בַח); forest Is 32:19 Zc 11:2; city Dt 20:20 La 1:9; wall Dt 28:52; nation תֵּרֵד מַ֫טָּה מָ֑טָּה Dt 28:43 (opp. עלה); מַצֵּבוֹה Ez 26:11 + לָאָרֶץ (where Co ויחרדו). †2. of divine manifestations: descend, of י׳ in theoph. [= על ההר]יָרַד עָלָיו י׳ בָּאֵשׁ Ex 19:11, 18 (E), v 20 (J; אֶל־רֹאשׁ הָהָר), cf. Ne 9:13; יֵרֵד י׳ צְבָאוֹת לִצְבֹּא עַל־הַר־צִיּוֹן Is 31:4; abs. Gn 11:5, 7; 18:21 Ex 3:8 (all J), Nu 11:17 (JE), 2 S 22:10 = ψ 18:10 (cf. 144:5), Mi 1:3 Is 63:19; 64:2; וַיֵּרֶד י׳ בֶּעָנָן Ex 34:5 Nu 11:25, cf. 12:5 (all JE); of pillar of cloud Ex 33:9 (JE); מִ׳ עָלָה־שָׁמַיִם וַיֵּרַ֡ד Pr 30:4; of angels on סֻלָּם; עֹלִים וְיֹרְדִים בּוֹ Gn 28:12 (E). 3. of inanimate things: a. hail c. עַל pers. Ex 9:19 (J); dew c. עַל loc. Nu 11:9 (JE), ψ 133:3; rain (as אָבָק and עָפָר), sq. מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם + על pers. Dt 28:24, so in sim. of future king יֵרֵד כְּמָטָר עַל־גֵּז ψ 72:6; of גֶּשֶׁם and שֶׁלֶג, c. מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם Is 55:10; manna (c. עַל loc.) Nu 11:9 (JE); fire from (מִן) heaven 2 K 1:10(×2), 12(×2), 14 2 Ch 7:1, abs. 2 Ch 7:3. b. waters, flowing down הַנַּחַל הַיֹּרֵד מִן־הָהָר Dt 9:21, cf. Jos 3:13 (sq. מִלְמָ֑עְלָה), v 16; sq. עַל־יַם הָעֲרָבָה v 16; עַל־הָעֲרָבָה Ez 47:8; sq. מִן 47:1. c. tears, פַּלְגֵי־מַיִם יָֽרְדוּ עֵינָ֑י ψ 119:36, and so La 3:48; also עֵינִי יֹרְדָה מַיִם La 1:16, and so Je 9:17; 13:17; 14:17 (cf. also Is 15:3, 1 j). d. of oil descending upon (על) beard, etc. ψ 133:2(×2). e. of shadow on dial 2 K 20:11 = Is 38:8(×2). f. of boundary going down (from or to a place) Jos 16:3 (JE), elsewhere P, Nu 34:11(×2), 12 Jos 15:10; 16:7; 17:9; 18:13, 16. g. come down, abs. of headdresses, in sign of humiliation Je 13:18. h. pride of power Ez 30:6. i. of calamity מֵאֵת י׳ Mi 1:12; עַל־קָדְקְדוֹ הֲמָסוֹ יֵרֵד ψ 7:17; of sword descending on (על) Edom Is 34:5. j. fig. of words of talebearer; יָֽרְדוּ חַדְרֵי־בָּ֑טֶן Pr 18:8 = 26:22.—Vid. also supr. 1 k. †Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הוֹרִד 2 K 16:17; וְהוֹרִיד consec. Am 3:11 (We וְהוּרַד); 2 ms. וְהוֹרַדְתָּ֫ 1 K 2:9; 2 fs. sf. הוֹרַדְתֵּנִי Jos 2:18 (v. Baern. and Köi 412); הוֹרִידוּ 1 S 6:15 La 2:10 etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיּוֹרֶד Ju 7:5 + 5 times (+ 1 K 6:32 Klo, who reads וַיֹּרֶד for וַיָּרֶד, v. רדד); sf. יוֹרִידֵנִי Ob 3; יוֹרִדֵהוּ 1 S 30:16 1 K 17:23; וַיֹּרִדֵם 1 K 18:40; 2 ms. וְלֹא תּוֹרֵד 1 K 2:6; sf. (הֲ)תוֹרִדֵנִי 1 S 30:15, תּוֹרִדֵם ψ 55:24 etc.; Imv. ms. הוֹרֵד Ex 33:5 + 2 times; sf. הוֹרִדֵהוּ Ez 32:18; הוֹרִידֵמוֹ ψ 59:12; fs. הוֹרִידִי La 2:18; mpl. הוֹרִידוּ Gn 43:7, 11; sf. הוֹרִדֻהוּ Gn 44:21; Inf. cstr. לְהוֹרִיד Gn 37:25; sf. הוֹרִדִי Ez 31:16; Pt. מוֹרִיד 1 S 2:6; מֹרִיד 2 S 22:48;—cause to come or go down: 1. a. bring down (to Egypt), c. acc. pers. + שָׁ֫מָּה Gn 39:1 (J); + הֵ֫נָּה 45:13 (E); + אֵלַי 44:21; abs. 43:7; c. acc. rei 43:11; + מִצְרַ֫יְמָה 37:25; abs. 43:22 (all J); from Canaan to desert Dt 1:25 (sq. אֵלֵינוּ); to (אֶל) Amalekites 1 S 30:15(×2); abs. v 16; bring down (obj. pers. vel rei) אֶל־הַמַּיִם Ju 7:4, 5; אֶל־נַ֫חַל Dt 21:4 1 K 18:40; יָ֫מָּה 1 K 5:23; to Gaza (עַזָּ֫תָה) Ju 16:21; from Jerusalem to Gihon, c. עַל (Qr אֶל) 1 K 1:33; to valley of Jehosh. (אֶל) Jo 4:2; from (מִן) temple (to king’s house) 2 K 11:19 = 2 Ch 23:20; from (מֵעַל) altar 1 K 1:53; from (מִן) upper chamber, sq. הַבַּ֫יְתָה 1 K 17:23; from (מִן) the heavens Am 9:2; Edom, from (מִן) nest in rocks Je 49:16 Ob 4; cf. of Isr. כְּעוֹף הַשָּׁמַיִם Ho 7:12; c. acc. of limit (אֶרֶץ) Ob 3; bring down (from Babylon) into (בְּ) ships Is 43:14 (v. VB). b. send down rain (הַגֶּשֶׁם) Ez 34:26, cf. Jo 2:23; = cause to flow down, obj. spittle, וַיּוֹרֶד רִירוֹ אֶל־זְקָנוֹ 1 S 21:14; tears הוֹרִידִי כַנַּחל דִּמְעָה La 2:18; water-streams וַיּוֹרֶד כַּנְּהָרוֹת מָ֑יִם ψ 78:16. c. = lay prostrate, prostrate הוֹרִיד מִמֵּךְ עֻזֵּךְ Am 3:11 (where however We reads וְהוּרַד) cf. Pr 21:22; וְאוֹרִיד כַּאבִּיר יוֹשְׁבִים Is 10:13; of God’s casting down peoples ψ 56:8 Is 63:6 (sq. לָאָרֶץ); מוֹרִיד עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּנוּ 2 S 22:48 (וַיַּדְבֵּר in ‖ ψ 18:48); so perhaps Babylonians, like lambs, לִטְבֿוֹחַ Je 51:40; so ψ 59:12 (si vera l.; 𝔖 וַהֲנִידֵמוֹ make them vagabonds, v. LagProph. Chald. (1872), xlviii. VB Hup Now Che Bae Dr2 S 15:20). d. bring down to Sheʾôl י׳ מֵמִית וּמְחַיֶּ֑ה מוֹרִיד שְׁאוֹל וַיָּ֑עַל׃ 1 S 2:6; sq. שְׁא(וֹ)ל also 1 K 2:6, 9; sq. שְׁא֫וֹלָה (obj. grey hair) Gn 42:38; 44:29, 31 (all J); cf. Ez 26:20; 31:16; 32:18; sq. לִבְאֵר שַׁחַת ψ 55:24; לַשַּׁחַת Ez 28:8. 2. take down (from cart) 1 S 6:15; the sea from upon (מֵעַל) the brazen oxen 2 K 16:17; corpse from (מִן) tree Jos 8:29, and (מֵעַל) 10:27 (both JE); the מִשְׁכָּן Nu 1:51 (P); the פָּרֹכֶת Nu 4:5 (P); take off ornaments מֵעָלֶיךָ Ex 33:5 (JE). 3. let down וַתֹּ֫רֶד כַּדָּהּ עַל־יָדָהּ Gn 24:18, so, with מֵעָלֶיהָ v 46, to give one a drink; וַיּוֹרִדוּ אִישׁ אֶת־אַמְתַּחְתּוֹ אָ֑רְצָה Gn 44:11 (all J); obj. pers. Jos 2:18, בַּחֶבֶל בְּעַד הַחַלּוֹן v 15 (both JE); בְּעַד הַחַלּוֹן 1 S 19:12; cf. also הוֹרִידוּ לָאָרֶץ רֹאשָׁן בְּתוּלֹת יְרוּשָׁלַםִ La 2:10 the virgins of Jerusalem have bowed down their heads to the ground. †Hoph. Pf. הוּרַד Gn 39:1 + 2 times + 1 S 30:24 Kt (Qr Qal Pt.); וְהוּרַד consec. Zc 10:11; 2 ms. וְהוּרַדְתָּ֫ Ez 31:18; Impf. 2 ms. תּוּרַד Is 14:15;— 1. be brought down מִצְרַ֫יְמָה Gn 39:1 (J); בַּמִּלְחָמָה 1 S 30:24 Kt (v. supr.); to She’ôl הוּרַד שְׁאוֹל גְּאוֹנֶךָ Is 14:11 (of king of Babylon); אֶל־שְׁאוֹל תּוּרַד אֶל־יַרְכְּתֵי־בוֹר v 15; וְהוּרַדְתָּ֫ אֶל־אֶרֶץ תַּחְתִּית Ez 31:18; וְהוּרַד גְּאוֹן אַשּׁוּר Zc 10:11.—In Am 3:11 We reads וְהוּרַד ממך (v. Hiph. supr.) 2. be taken down, of the מִשְׁכָּן Nu 10:7 (P).

יָרַשׁ229 vb. take possession of, inherit, dispossess (MI7 וירש take possession of; Aramaic יְרֵית, ܝܺܪܶܬ take possession of, and be heir to, inherit; so Ethiopic ወረሰ Arabic وَرِثَ inherit; v. also Sab. ורתֿ, inherit, CISiv, 37, 3), especially D (62 times Qal, 1 times Pi, 7 times Hiph. in Dt + 13 times D in Jos);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. יָרַשׁ Je 49:1; וְיָרַשׁ consec. Je 49:2 Nu 27:11; 2 ms. יָרָ֑שְׁתָּ 1 K 21:19; וְיָרַשְׁתָּ֫ Dt 6:18 + 2 times; sf. וִירִשְׁתָּהּ consec. Dt 17:14 + 2 times (on this and kindred forms v. Köi. 406, 411); וִירִשְׁתָּם consec. Dt 19:1; 31:3; 3 pl. יָֽרְשׁוּ Dt 3:20 +; sf. וִירֵשׁוּךָ consec. Ez 36:12 (Köl.c.); וִירֵשׁוּהָ consec. Is 34:11 + 3 times; 2 mpl. וִירִשְׁתֶּם consec. Dt 4:1 + 7 times; 1 pl. יָרַשְׁנוּ Dt 3:12, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִירַשׁ Gn 21:10 ψ 25:13; 2 mpl. תִּירְשׁוּ Lv 20:24 1 Ch 28:8; תִּירָ֑שׁוּ Ez 33:25, 26; תִּירָשׁ֑וּן Dt 5:30, etc.; Imv. ms. יְרָ֑שָׁה Dt 33:23; רֵשׁ Dt 1:21 1 K 21:15; רָ֑שׁ Dt 2:24, 31; mpl. וּרְשׁוּ Dt 1:8; 9:23; Inf. cstr. לָרֶ֫שֶׁת Dt 2:31 + 17 times; לָרָ֑שֶׁת Ne 9:23; sf. לְרִשְׁתְּךָ Gn 28:4; לְרִשְׁתּוֹ 1 K 21:16, 18; לְרִשְׁתָּהּ Gn 15:7 + 28 times; Pt. יוֹרֵשׁ Gn 15:3 + 6 times; pl. י(וֹ)רְשִׁים Dt 12:2 Je 8:10; sf. יֹרְשָׁיו Je 49:2;— 1. take possession of, especially by force, have as a possession, often with collat. idea of taking in place of others, succeeding to, inheriting (cf. 2: a. land, sq. acc. Gn 15:7, 8 Nu 13:30; 21:24, 35 Jos 18:3 (all JE), 24:4, 8 (E), Ju 2:6; 11:21, 22, 23, 24(×2); 18:9 Dt 1:8, 21, 39 + 25 times Dt, + †Dt 11:31; 17:14; 26:1 (all possess land and dwell therein), similarly Is 65:9(×2) ψ 69:36; בְּאַרְצָם מִשְׁנֶה יִירָ֑שׁוּ Is 61:7 in their land they shall possess the double; הָחֵל רָשׁ Dt 2:24; הָחֵל רָשׁ לָרֶשֶׁת אֶת־אַרְצוֹ v 31; especially phr. (הארץ) שָׁמָּה לְרִשְׁתָּהּ (etc. עֹבְרִים) אֲשֶׁר אַתֶּם בָּאִים Dt 4:5, 14, 26 + 12 times Dt, also Ezr 9:10; v. Dt 30:18 Jos 1:11(×2), 15(×2); 12:1; 13:1; 21:41; 23:5 (all D); Am 2:10 Ob 19, 19 Hb 1:6 Ez 33:24, 25, 26 Lv 20:24(×2) (H), Gn 28:4 Nu 33:53 (both P), 1 Ch 28:8 Ne 9:15, 22, 23, 24; ψ 25:13; 37:9, 11, 22, 29, 34; + ב instr. 44:4; also וַעֲמַל לְאֻמִּים יִירָ֑שׁוּ 105:44 (‖ (וִיִּתֵּן לָהֶם אַרְצוֹת גּוֹיִם); †take possession of fields Je 8:10 (obj. not expr.), 1 K 21:15, 16, 18, 19 ψ 83:13; inheritance (in land) Nu 27:11; 36:8(×2) (all P); city (cities), Jos 19:47 (JE), Ju 3:13 Ob 20; so הַר־קָדְשִׁי Is 57:13 (‖ נחל ארץ), 63:18 where read prob. הַר־קָדְשֶׁ֑ךָ (for MT עַם־ק׳, see 𝔊 VB and ‖ cl.); possess city and dwell therein 2 K 17:24 Is 34:17; Is 34:11 yea the pelican and bittern shall possess it; so of nettles Ho 9:6; וְיִרַשׁ זַרְעֲךָ אֵת שַׁעַר אֹיְבָיו Gn 22:17, cf. 24:60 (both J); possess houses Ez 7:24 (del. Co), Ne 9:25; יוֹרֵשׁ עֶצֶר Ju 18:7 possessing wealth (? see VB)†. †b. a people (with collat. idea of being their heir (2), and so dispossessing them), so especially in Dt 2:12, 21, 22; 9:1 (+ cities), 11:23; 12:2, 29(×2); 18:14; 19:1; 31:3; Nu 21:32 (Kt וַיִּירַשׁ; JE), Am 9:12; מַדּוּעַ יָרַשׁ מִלְכֹּם אֶת־גָּ֑ד Je 49:1 (on text see VB), v 2, 2 (in these 3 perhaps play on meaning inherit, cf. v 1 a); Ez 36:12 Ob 17 Is 54:3; nations + countries Ez 35:10. †2. inherit, sq. acc. pers. = be one’s heir Gn 15:3, 4(×2) (JE); שִׁפְחָה כִּי־תִירַשׁ גְּבִרְתָּהּ Pr 30:23 (or, dispossess?); abs. be heir, sq. עִם pers. = jointly with 21:10 (E); (הַ)יּוֹרֵשׁ (the) heir 2 S 14:7 Je 49:1 (‖ בָּנִים); Mi 1:15 (= possessor, captor), where paronom. with n.pr.loc. מָרֵשָׁה; inherit persons, as slaves לָרֶשֶׁת אֲחֻזָּה Lv 25:46 (H). †3. = impoverish, הַלְיָרְשֵׁנוּ קְרָאתֶם (var. Pi. הַלְיָֽרְ׳ Ju 14:15 (v. Ges§ 69 m)) to impoverish us did ye call (us)? †Niph. Impf. יִוָּרֵשׁ Pr 23:21; 2 ms. תִּוָּרֵשׁ Gn 45:11 Pr 20:13; אִוָּרֵשׁ Pr 30:9;—be (dispossessed =) impoverished, come to poverty Gn 45:11 (E), Pr 20:13; 23:21; 30:9 (opp. אֶשְׂבַּע). †Pi. Impf. פְּרִי אַדְמָתֶ֑ךָ יְיָרֵשׁ הַצְּלָצַֽל Dt 28:42 the fruit of thy ground shall the cricket get full possession of (cf. Qal Ho 9:6 Is 34:11), i.e. devour. †Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הוֹרִישׁ Ju 1:27 +; 2 ms. הוֹרַשְׁתָּ 2 Ch 20:7 ψ 44:3, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יוֹרִישׁ Jos 3:10; וַיּ֫(וֹ)רֶשׁ Ju 1:19 +; 3 fs. sf. 3 mpl. תּוֹרִישֵׁמוּ Ex 15:9, etc.; Inf. abs. הוֹרֵשׁ Jos 3:10; 17:13; הוֹרֵישׁ Ju 1:28; cstr. לְהוֹרִישׁ Dt 4:38 +, etc.; Pt. מוֹרִישׁ 1 S 2:7 Dt 18:12; sf. מוֹרִישָׁם Dt 9:4, 5;— 1. cause to possess, or inherit Ju 11:24; מִיְּרֻשָֽׁתְךָ אֲשֶׁר הוֹרַשְׁתָּנוּ 2 Ch 20:11; sq. ל pers., וְהוֹרַשְׁתֶּם לִבְנֵיכֶם Ezr 9:12 and cause your sons to inherit (it); fig. תּוֹרִישֵׁנִי עֲוֹנוֹת נְעוּרָ֑י Jb 13:26 thou makest me to inherit (the consequences of) the iniquities of my youth. 2. cause (others) to possess or inherit, then gen. dispossess: a. sq. acc. gent. vel pers., Jos 13:13; 16:10 (both JE), Ju 1:29, 30, 31, 32, 33 (all opp. ישׁב בְּקֶרֶב), Jos 14:12 (JE), 17:13 (JE; הוֹרֵשׁ לֹא הוֹרִישׁוֹ), Ju 1:28 (id.); opp. ישׁב אֵת Jos 15:63; opp. ישׁב בְּ Ju 1:21, 27; also Nu 21:32 Qr, 32:39 Jos 17:18 (all JE), 13:12 (D), Ju 1:19b; 2:23; also וַיֹּרֶשׁ אֶת־הָהָר 1:19a (= את־יושׁבי ההר see v b), Dt 7:17 ψ 44:3; וְהוֹרַשְׁתָּם וְהַאֲבַדְתָּם Dt 9:3; sq. acc. + מִפְּנֵי Ex 34:24 Nu 32:21 Jos 3:10 (הוֹרֵשׁ יוֹרִישׁ; all these JE), Dt 4:38; 9:4, 5; 18:12 Jos 13:6; 23:9 (both D), Nu 33:52, 55 (both P), Ju 2:21; 11:23, 24 1 K 14:24; 21:26 2 K 16:3; 17:8; 21:2 (all D), 2 Ch 28:3; 33:2; acc. + מִלִּפְנֵי Dt 11:23 Jos 23:5, 13 (D; ‖ הָדַף), 2 Ch 20:7; acc. + מִשָּׁם Jos 15:14 (JE) = Ju 1:20; of cities (i.e. their inhabitants) Jos 8:7; 17:12; so of a land = Nu 33:53 (P), see v 52, 55 [𝔊 + יושׁבי] b. sq. acc. rei, מִבִּטְנוֹ יֹרִשֶׁנּוּ אֵל Jb 20:15 God shall cast them out of his belly, i.e. riches (‖ חַיִל בָּלַע וַיְקִאֶנּוּ). 3. = impoverish, יהוה מוֹרִישׁ וּמַעֲשׁיר 1 S 2:7 (song) י׳ impoverisheth and maketh rich; sq. acc. (of Tyre) אֲדֹנָי יוֹרִשֶׁנָּה Zc 9:4 (see v 3). 4. nearly = bring to ruin, destroy, sq. acc. gent. אָרִיק חַרְבִּי תּוֹרִישֵׁמוֹ יָדִי Ex 15:9 (poem in E); so perhaps also Nu 14:12 (JE; AV disinherit; ‖ אַכֶּנּוּ בַדֶּבֶר). 5. = Qal take possession of a land Nu 14:24 (JE), but read prob. יִרָשֶׁנָּה.

ἐξέρχομαι, future -ελεύσομαι (but in Attic dialect ἔξειμι (A) supplies the future, also imperfect ἐξῄειν): aorist 2 ἐξῆλθον, the only tense used in Refs 8th c.BC+:— go or come out of, with genitive loci, τείχεος, πυλάων, πόληος, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐ. δωμάτων, χθονός, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; of an actor, come out on the stage, Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, come forth, ἐ. καὶ ἀμῦναι Refs 8th c.BC+ __b rarely with accusative, ἐξῆλθον τὴν Περσίδα χώραν LXX+5th c.BC+ __c absolutely, march out, go forth, Refs 5th c.BC+ __d of an accused person, withdraw from the country to avoid trial, opposed to φεύγω, Refs 4th c.BC+ __e ἐ. ὑπηρέτης to be commissioned to carry out an order of the court, Mitteis Refs 2nd c.AD+ __f with accusative cognate, go out on an expedition, etc., ἐ. ἐξόδους Refs 5th c.BC+; so παγκόνιτ᾽ ἐ. ἄεθλ᾽ ἀγώνων went through them, Refs 5th c.BC+ __g with Preps., ἐ. ἐπὶ θήραν, ἐπὶ θεωρίαν, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἐ. pursue their advantages to the utmost, Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς τόδ᾽ ἐ. ἀνόσιον στόμα allow oneself to use these impious words, Refs 5th c.BC+; also ἐ. εἴς τινας come out of one class into another, as εἰς τοὺς τελείους ἄνδρας, opposed to ἔφηβοι, Refs 5th c.BC+ __h of disease, pass off, ἢν ἐκ τοῦ ἄλλου σώματος ἡ νοῦσος ἐξεληλύθῃ Refs 5th c.BC+ __i of offspring, issue from the womb, τὰ μὲν τετελειωμένα, τὰ δὲ ἀτελῆ ἐ. Refs 4th c.BC+ __i.2 ἐ. εἰς ἔλεγχον stand forth and come to the trial, Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, stand forth, be proved to be, ἄλλος Refs 5th c.BC+; come forth (from the war), Refs 5th c.BC+ __i.3 with accusative of things, execute, ἃ ἂν.. μὴ ἐξέλθωσιν (variant for{ἐπεξ-}) Refs; τὸ πολὺ τοῦ ἔργου ἐξῆλθον (variant for{ἐπεξ-}) Refs __i.4 absolutely, exceed all bounds, Refs 5th c.BC+ __i.5 with accusative of the instrument of motion, ἐ. οὐδὲ τὸν ἕτερον πόδα Refs 4th c.BC+ __II of Time, come to an end, expire, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ ἐξελθόντος μηνός Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 of magistrates, etc., go out of office, ἡ ἐξελθοῦσα βουλή Decrees cited in Refs 5th c.BC+ __III of prophecies, dreams, events, etc., to be accomplished, come true, ἐς τέλος ἐ. Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐξῆλθε (i.e. ἡ μῆνις) was satisfied, Refs 4th c.BC+; κατ᾽ ὀρθὸν ἐ. come out right, Refs 5th c.BC+; of persons, μὴ.. Φοῐβος ἐξέλθη σαφής turn out a true prophet, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 of words, proceed, παρά τινος Refs 5th c.BC+; of goods, to be exported, Refs

נָטָה215 vb. stretch out, spread out, extend, incline, bend (NH id., incline, spread tent, etc.; Arabic نطو, نَطَا stretch out);— Qal137 Pf. 3 ms. נ׳ Gn 33:19 +; 3 fs. נָֽטְתָה Nu 22:33; 2 ms. נָטִיתָ Ex 15:12; 3 pl. נָטוּ ψ 21:12 Is 45:12, נָטָ֫יוּ ψ 73:2 Qr, etc.; Impf. יִטֶּה Jb 15:29, juss. יֵט Zp 2:13; וַיֵּט Gn 12:8 +, וַיֶּט־ Gn 26:27 +; 3 fs. תִּטֶּה Jb 31:7, וַתֵּט Nu 22:23 +; 2 ms. juss. תֵּט Pr 4:5, 27; Impf. Is אָט Jb 23:11; 3 mpl. וַיִּטּוּ 1 S 8:3; 1 pl. נִטֶּה Nu 20:17; Imv. נְטֵה Ex 8:1 +; Inf. cstr. נְטוֹת Ju 19:8 + 4 times, נְטֹת Ex 23:2; sf. נְטֹתִי Ex 7:5, נְטוֹתוֹ ψ 109:23; Pt. act. נֹטֶה Je 10:20 + 6 times, נוֹטֶה Ez 25:16 + 3 times; sf. נוֹטֵיהֶם Is 42:5; pass. נָטוּי ψ 62:4 + 2 times, + ψ 73:2 (v. infr.); fs. נְטוּיָה Is 5:25 + 24 times; pl. נְטֻיוֹת Is 3:16 Qr (Kt נטוות):— 1. a. stretch out, extend, hand, rod, usually c. acc. + עַל of direction Ex 9:22, 23; 10:12, 13, 21, 22 (all E), 7:19; 14:16, 21, 26, 27 (all P), abs. Jos 8:19 (JE), Ex 8:12 (P); c. ב of dart or rod נ׳ בַּכִּידוֹן אֶל־ Jos 8:18(×2) (JE), נ׳ יָֽדְךָ בְּמַטֶּ֔ךָ עַל־ Ex 8:1 (P), cf. v 2 and (עַל om.) v 13 (all P), Jos 8:26 (JE); fig. of hostility to God נ׳ יָדוֹ אֶל־ Jb 15:25; especially of God stretching out his hand over (עַל), often with idea of against, i. e. in judgment, Is 5:25; 23:11 Zp 1:4; 2:13 Ez 6:14 + 7 times Ez, Ex 7:5 (P); c. אֶל־ against Je 51:25, cf. sword Ez 30:25; abs. Ex 15:12 (song); pt. pass. נ׳ גָּרוֹן Is 3:16 outstretched of neck; often זְרוֹע נְטוּיָה arm stretched out (of י׳) to deliver, Dt 4:34 + 14 times (v. זְרוֹעַ); אֶזְרוֹעַ נ׳ Je 32:21; יָד נ׳, to oppose, Je 21:5; עוֹד יָדוֹ נְטוּיָה in judgment, Is 5:25 (‖ לֹא שָׁב אַפּוֹ), so 9:11, 16, 20; 10:4 (all ‖ id.), cf. 14:27; הַיָּד הַנְּטוּיָה עַל־ v 26; נָטִיתִי יָדִי Pr 1:24 (of wisdom’s appeal; ‖ קָרָאתִי). b. stretch line and plummet, c. עַל, 2 K 21:13 (subj. י׳; fig. of destruction), cf. Is 34:11 La 2:8; line, of artisan’s measurements (abs.) Is 44:13, and (c. עַל) Jb 38:5. c. = offer, only שָׁלוֹשׁ אֲנִי נֹטֶה עָלֶיךָ 1 Ch 21:10 three things do I offer unto thee (so read prob. also ‖ 2 S 24:12, v. נטל). 2. Spread out, i. e. pitch, tent Gn 12:8; 26:25; 35:21 (all J), 33:19 (E), Ju 4:11, cf. Je 43:10; fig. of establishing people Je 10:20; of sacred tent Ex 33:7 (JE), 2 S 6:17 = 1 Ch 16:1, 1 Ch 15:1 2 Ch 1:4; obj. heavens (spread out by י׳ as tent) Je 10:12 + 9 times, cf. Jb 26:7; obj. likeness of firmament in Ezek.’s vision Ez 1:22. 3. Bend, turn, incline: a. intrans., of wady Nu 21:15 (JE; c. לְ); turn aside, of Balaam’s ass 22:23 (מִן־הַדֶּרֶךְ), v 33 (מִפָּנַי), cf. v 33 (לְפָנַי); c. adv. acc. 22:26, so of Isr. 20:17, and (c. מֵעָלָיו) v 21; c. ב into, 21:22; of individ. 2 S 2:19 (לָלֶכֶת עַל), v 21 (עַל), Je 14:8 (c. inf.); cf. Gn 38:1 (עַד), v 16 (אֶל־); fig. of deviating from path of loyalty 1 K 2:28 (c. אַחֲרֵי), cf. Ju 9:3 (of heart), or of righteousness Ex 23:2 [yet on text cf. Bu ZAW xi (1891), 113 Ry ad loc.], 1 S 8:3 (all c. אַחֲרֵי); c. מִן Jb 31:7 ψ 44:19, cf. Pr 4:5 and (c. adv. acc.) v 27; מֵעִם י׳ 1 K 11:9 (of heart), cf. ψ 119:51, 157; incline, of heart, c. לְ 1 S 14:7 (read לְבָֽבְךָ נָטָה לוֹ or נֹטֶה ל׳ Th We Dr Klo Bu HPS Löhr); decline, of shadow on dial 2 K 20:10 (‖ הָלַךְ, opp. אֲחֹרַנִּית שׁוּב), fig. of failing life ψ 102:12; 109:23; of day Ju 19:8 + v 9 (text emend., v. GFM); bend down יִטֶּה לָאָרֶץ Jb 15:29, לִנְטוֹת בָּאָרֶץ ψ 17:11; appar. וַיֵּט בְּכחַ Ju 16:30 and he bowed with all his might (after וַיִּלְפֹּת, וַיִּסָּמֵךְ; al. stretched himself, i. e. gave a thrust, Be GFM, but vb. less often intrans. in this sense); of י׳, וַיֵּט אֵלַי ψ 40:2 and he inclined unto me. b. less often trans., bend, bow, וַיֵּט שִׁכְמוֹ לִסְבֹּל Gn 49:15 (Issachar under fig. of ass); קִיר נָטוּי ψ 62:4 (sim. of fate of wicked; ‖ גָּדֵר הַדְּחוּיָה); here belongs also prob. וַאֲנִי כִּמְעַט נָטוּי רַגְלָ֑י ψ 73:2 (Kt) and I was almost prostrated as to my feet (i.e. by stumbling; Qr נָטָיוּ Pf. 3 mpl. but needless, cf. Ol Bae; ‖ כְּאַיִן שֻׁפְּכֻה אֲשֻׁרָֽי׃); נָטִיתִי לִבִּי ψ 119:112 I have inclined my heart (c. inf.); of י׳, שָׁמַיִם וַיֵּרַ֑ד וַיֵּט 2 S 22:10 = ψ 18:10; also fig., hold out, extend unto, of י׳, obj. חֶסֶד Gn 39:21 (J), שָׁלוֹם, etc., Is 66:12 (both c. אֶל־); of men רָעָה ψ 21:12 (עַל). †Niph. be stretched out;—Pf. 3 mpl. נִטָּ֫יוּ Nu 24:6 (JE; cf. ii. נַחַל); Impf. 3 ms. יִנָּטֶה עַל־ Zc 1:16 (of measuring line, for building); stretch themselves out, i. e. grow long, 3 mpl. יִנָּטוּ Je 6:4 (of shadows, ‖ פָּנָה הַיּוֹם). Hiph.75 Pf. הִטָּה Ezr 7:28 ψ 116:2, sf. הִטָּ֫הוּ; 3 fs. sf. הִטַּ֫תּוּ Pr 7:21; 1 s. הִטִּיתִי Pr 5:13; 3 pl. הִטּוּ Am 5:12 + 8 times; 2 mpl. הִטִּיתֶם Je 25:4; 35:15; Impf. יַטֶּה Is 31:3, וַיַּט 2 S 19:15 Ezr 9:9; 2 ms. תַּטֶּה Ex 23:6 + 3 times, juss. תַּט ψ 27:9; 141:4; 1 s. אַטֶּה Je 6:12 ψ 49:5, אָ֑ט Jb 23:11, וְאַט Ho 11:4, but read perhaps וָאַט (cf. Now) as Je 15:6; etc.; Imv. הַטֵּה 2 K 19:16 + 7 times, הַט ψ 17:6 + 5 times ψψ Pr; fs. הַטִּי Gn 24:14 ψ 45:11; mpl. הַטּוּ Jos 24:23 + 3 times; Inf. cstr. לְהַטּוֹת Is 10:8 + 4 times, לְהַטֹּת Ex 23:2; sf. לְהַטּוֹתָהּ Nu 22:23; Pt. מַטֶּה Dt 27:19; mpl. מַטִּים ψ 125:5, cstr. מַטֵּי Mal 3:5;— 1. rarely stretch out (as Qal 1), hand Is 31:3 (of י׳ in hostility), c. עַל Je 6:12; 15:6. 2. rarely spread out cloth on (אֶל) rock 2 S 21:10; as Qal 2: tent 16:22 (+ ל pers.), tent-curtains (fig. of growth) Is 54:2. 3. usually turn, incline, c. acc., in many senses: a. lit. turn ass into (acc.) road Nu 22:23 (JE); take aside 2 S 3:27 (acc. pers. + אֶל־), 6:10 (acc. rei + acc. = to) = 1 Ch 13:13 (אֶל־); incline, turn jar of water Gn 24:14 (J; to give drink); intrans. only יַטּוּ עַל־ Am 2:8 on garments taken in pledge they recline, and הַטּוּ מִנֵּי־אֹרַח Is 30:11 turn aside, out of the path (i. e. do not interfere with us; ‖ סוּרוּ מִנֵּי־דֶרֶךְ). b. fig., הַמַּטִּים עֲקַלְקַלּוֹתָם ψ 125:5 those turning aside their crooked (ways), i. e. making their ways crooked; cf. (neg.) Jb 23:11. c. turn, = influence, heart 2 S 19:15; turn (away) heart (cause to apostatize) 1 K 11:2, 4 (c. אַחֲרֵי), v 3 (abs.); לֵב subj., c. acc. pers. Is 44:20 cf. Jb 36:18 (acc. pers.); of persuasion, c. acc. pers. Pr 7:21 (‖ תַּדִּיחֶנּוּ). d. incline one’s own heart unto (אֶל) God and his commands, Jos 24:23 (E), cf. Pr 2:2 (ל); subj. י׳, 1 K 8:58 ψ 119:36, c. עַל־ Pr 21:1; neg. (c. ל) ψ 141:4. e. especially incline the ear, of men (in obedience to God), usually ‖ שָׁמַע: abs. Je 7:24 + 6 times Je (all neg.), so 25:4; 44:5 (+ inf.), Is 55:3; to inspired teacher Pr 4:20 (‖ הִקְשִׁיב), 5:1 (‖ id.) v 13 (all c. ל), 22:17 ψ 45:11; 78:1 (‖ הַאֲזִינָה); to receive revelation ψ 49:5; of God, listening to men, sometimes ‖ שָׁמַע: 2 K 19:16 = Is 37:17, Dn 9:18, c. ל ψ 17:6; also (c. אֶל־) 31:3; 71:2; 102:3, c. לְ 88:3; 116:2, abs. 86:1; once וְאַט אֵלָיו Ho 11:4 and I used to incline etc. (either rare intrans., or obj. om., e.g. אָזְנִי; read perhaps וָאַט (וָאֵט?) and I inclined, after וָאֶהְיֶה). f. bend down heavens, of י׳ (cf. Qal 3 b), ψ 144:5; = hold out, extend unto (from above, עַל) Ezr 7:28; 9:9 (obj. חֶסֶד). g. thrust aside, especially c. acc. מִשְׁפָּט, of perverting or wresting justice: Ex 23:6 (E), 1 S 8:3 Dt 16:19; 24:17; 27:19 La 3:35, cf. Am 2:7; לְהַטּוֹת אָרְחוֹת מִשְׁפָּט Pr 17:23; also c. acc. pers. לְהַטּוֹת מִדִּין דַּלִּים Is 10:2 Am 5:12; Is 29:21 Mal 3:5, יַטּוּ אֶבְיֹנִים מִדָּ֑רֶךְ Jb 24:4, לְהַטּוֹת צַדִּיק בַּמִּשְׁפָּט Pr 18:5; here belongs prob. לְהַטֹּת Ex 23:2 (E; abs.), perhaps ins. מִשְׁפָּט (cf. Bu ZAW xi. (1891), 113 Ryad loc.). h. thrust away, of י׳, אַל־תַּט בְּאַף עַבְדֶּ֑ךָ ψ 27:9; cf. עֲוֹנוֹתֵיכֶם הִטּוּ־אֵלֶּה Je 5:25 your iniquities have thrust away (deprived you of) these (harvests).

I. נָסַע vb. pull out or up, set out, journey (NH id., move, march; Assyrian nisû, set out, withdraw, etc. DlHWB 470; NöZMG xl (1886), 723 cp. also Arabic نَزَعَ, Ethiopic ነዝዐ: [rare] pull up, away, so BaES 51);— Qal137 Pf. 3 ms. נ׳ Gn 33:17 +, 3 mpl. נָֽסְעוּ Dt 10:6, נָסָ֑עוּ Nu 2:34 +, etc.; Impf. יִסַּע Is 33:20, וַיִּסַּע Gn 12:9 +, sf. וַיִּסָּעֵם Ju 16:3; 3 mpl. יִסְעוּ Ex 40:36 +, יִסָּ֑עוּ Nu 2:9 +; 2 mpl. תִּסְעוּ Jos 3:3; 1 pl. נִסְעָה cohort. Gn 33:12, וַנִּסַּע Dt 1:19; 2:1, וַנִּסְעָה Ezr 8:31, etc.; Imv. סְעוּ Dt 2:24 +; Inf. abs. נָסוֹעַ Gn 12:9; cstr. נְסֹעַ Jos 3:14 +; sf. נָסְעָם Gn 11:2 Nu 10:34; Pt. נֹסֵעַ Ex 14:10; Nu 10:33; pl. נֹסְעִים Nu 10:29;— 1. pull out or up, city-gate and gate-posts Ju 16:3; loom v 14 (on text cf. GFM), tent-pegs Is 33:20 (fig. of Jerusalem; cf. also Niph.) 2. hence (from pulling up tent-pegs), a. set out Gn 35:5; Nu 12:15 (both E), Je 4:7 (‖ יָצָא מִמְּקוֹמוֹ); even of lifeless things, e.g. the ark, הָאָרוֹן Nu 10:35 (JE); often in P: Ex 14:15; 40:37; Nu 1:51; 4:5, 15; 9:17 + 8 times Nu 9, 10:5, 6, 17, 18, 21, 22, 25, so prob. also 2:8 + 6 times Nu 2 (v. infr.; even of lifeless things, דֶּגֶל 10:18, 22, מִשְׁכָּן 1:51, אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד 2:17), 33:3; וַיִּסַּע … וַיָּבֹא Gn 46:1 (E) and Isr. set out, and came, etc., Ex 16:1; 19:2; Nu 20:22; Jos 9:17 (all P), Dt 1:7, נִסְעָה וְנֵלֵ֑כָה 33:12 (J); (… וַיַּעֲלוּ) וַיִּסְעוּ Ju 18:11, סְעוּ וְעִבְרוּ Dt 2:24; נ׳ often c. מִן Gn 35:16 (E), Nu 10:34 (JE), נ׳ מֵאָהֳלֵיהֶם לַעֲבֹר Jos 3:14 (JE), set out from their tents, to cross, etc., cf. נ׳ מִן … לָלֶכֶת Ezr 8:31; c. מִן + ויבא, Jos 3:1 (JE), Nu 33:9 (P), + וַיֵּלֶךְ v 3 (D), Dt 1:19, + וַיַּעַבְרוּ Nu 33:8 (P); + וַיָּשָׁב + וַיַּחֲנוּ Nu 33:7 (P). b. depart, c. מִן Gn 37:17 (J), 2 K 3:27; 19:8, 36 = Is 37:8, 37; even of עַמּוּד הֶעָנָן Ex 14:19 (J); of angel v 19 (E; + וַיֵּלֶךְ). 3. journey, march (by stages) Gn 12:9; 35:21 both J), Nu 10:13, 14, 28 (P), (poss. also Nu 2:9 etc., cf. 2 supr.); + לְמַסְעֵיהֶם according to their stations, i.e. by stages Ex 17:1; Nu 10:12 (+ מִן), cf. Ex 40:36 (all P); sq. ה loc. Gn 12:9; 33:17 (both J), Dt 1:40; 2:1; סְעוּ לָכֶם הַמִּדְבָּר Nu 14:25 (JE); sq. מִקֶּדֶם eastward (v. מִן 1. c) Gn 11:2; 13:11 (both J), אַחֲרֵי Ex 14:10 (J), אֶל־ Nu 10:29, לִפְנֵי v 33 (of ark; all J); sq. מִן + ה loc. Gn 20:1 (E), Dt 10:6, 7; Ex 12:37 (P), + acc. loc. Nu 11:35 (JE); sq. מִן + acc. of distance, דֶּרֶךְ 10:33 (JE), 21:4 (P); especially וַיִּסְעוּ מִן … וַיַּחֲנוּ Nu 21:12, 13 (JE), Ex 13:20; Nu 21:11; 33:5 + 37 times Nu 33 (all P); of shepherds Je 31:24.—נָֽסְעוּ כְמוֹ צֹאן Zc 10:2 is dub.; We נָעוּ or יָנֻעוּ, so Now. 4. of wind, נ׳ רוּחַ מֵאֵת י׳ Nu 11:31 there set forth (sprang up) a wind from י׳. †Niph. Pf. be pulled up, removed: 3 ms. דּוֹרִי נִסַּע וְנִגְלָה מִנִּי כְּאֹהֶל רֹעִי Is 38:12; of wealth הֲלֹא נִסַּע Jb 4:21 (reading יְתֵדָם for יִתְרָם, v. ii. יֶתֶר). †Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. יַסַּע ψ 78:26, וַיַּסַּע Ex 15:22 + 2 times; 2 ms. תַּסִּיעַ ψ 80:9, 3 fs. תַּסִּיעִי 2 K 4:4; 3 mpl. וַיַּסִּ֫עוּ 1 K 5:31; Pt. מַסִּיעַ Ec 10:9;— 1. cause to set out, lead out, c. acc. pers. Ex 15:22 (J; + מִן, וַיֵּצְאוּ), ψ 78:52 (כַּצֹּאן; ‖ וַיְנַהֲגֵם), 80:9 (מִן; fig. of vine); fig. of a wind, cause to spring up, יַסַּע קָדִים ψ 78:26 (‖ וַיְנַהֵג; cf. Qal 4). 2. remove, c. acc. rei 2 K 4:4; וַיַּסַּע כָּעֵץ תִּקְוָתִי Jb 19:10; specif., remove from quarry, quarry: 1 K 5:31 and they quarried great stones, cf. Ec 10:9.

שָׁפַךְ113 vb. pour out, pour (NH id.; Assyrian šapâku, pour out, especially (DlWB JenKosmol. 41) earth, to form mound; Arabic سَفَكَ pour out, cf. سَبَكَ melt and pour into mould; Ethiopic ሰበከ: Aramaic שְׁפַךְ, ܫܦܰܟ (rare) = BH);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ 1 K 2:31 +; 3 fs. sf. שְׁפָכַ֫תְהוּ Ez 24:7, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁפֹּךְ 2 K 19:32 +; 2 ms. sf. 3 ms. תִּשְׁפְּכֶנּוּ Dt 12:16 +, etc.; Imv. ms. שְׁפוֹךְ Ju 6:20 +, שְׁפָךְ־ ψ 69:25; fs. שִׁפְכִי La 2:19, etc.; Inf. cstr. שְׁפָךְ־ 1 K 18:28 +, לִשְׁפֹּךְ Is 59:7 +, etc.; Pt. act. שֹׁפֵךְ Gn 9:6 +, f. שֹׁפֶ֫כֶת Ez 22:3, etc.; pass. שָׁפוּךְ ψ 79:10, שְׁפוּכָה Ez 20:33, 34;— 1. lit.: a. pour out, pour water Ex 4:9 (J; acc. loc.), 1 S 7:6 (+ לִפְנֵי י׳, unique, symb. of contrition), עַל־פְּנֵי הָאָרֶץ (subj. י׳) Am 5:8; 9:6; blood like water (to flow away and be absorbed), עַל־הָאָרֶץ Dt 12:16, 24; 15:23, cf. Lv 17:13 (H) Ez 24:7; also + אֶל loc. Ex 29:12; Lv 4:7, 18, 25, 30, 34; + עַל pers. reflex. 1 K 18:28; pour out broth Ju 6:20, libation (נֶסֶךְ, to (ל) false gods) Is 57:6; dust Lv 14:41 (P; אֶל loc.); c. acc. סֹלְלָה mound (in siege), = make by pouring (earth, orig. from baskets, see especially Assyrian šapâku DlWB 679 b JenKosmol. 41), + עַל־ of city 2 K 19:32 = Is 37:33; Je 6:6; Ez 4:2; 26:8, אֶל־ 2 S 20:15; abs. Ez 17:17; 21:27; Dn 11:15; וַיִּשׁ׳ מֵעָיו אַרְצָה 2 S 20:10 (by a sword-thrust in the belly), cf. יִשׁ׳ לָאָרֶץ מְרֵרָתִי Jb 16:13 (metaph., י׳ subj.). b. techn., acc.; דָּם shed blood Gn 37:22 (E) 9:6 (P) 1 S 25:31; Ez 22:4 + 9 times Ez, + 15 times (pass. ψ 79:10) + Ez 36:18 (c. עַל־הָאָרֶץ), 1 Ch 22:8 (c. אַ֫רְצָה); acc. דָּמִים †1 K 2:31; 1 Ch 28:3 ψ 79:3 (כַּמַּיִם). 2. fig.: a. י׳ subj., pour out anger, etc.: עֲלֵ��הֶם אֶשׁ׳ כַּמַּיִם עֶבְרָתִי Ho 5:10; שׁ׳ חֲמָתִי עַל Ez 14:19 + 8 times Ez, Je 10:25; Is 42:25 ψ 79:6 (אֶל et עַל); acc. ח׳ om. Je 6:11; c. ב loc. La 2:4; ח׳ שְׁפוּכָה Ez 20:33, 34; acc. חֲרוֹן אַפּוֹ La 4:11; acc. זַעַם (עַל pers.) Ez 21:36 + 3 times; acc. בּוּזּ contempt, עַל pers., Jb 12:21 = ψ 107:40; pour their own wickedness עֲלֵיהֶם Je 14:16 (i.e. requite it); pour out רוּחִי עַל Ez 39:29, cf. Zc 12:10; Jo 3:1, 2. b. hum. subj. pour out one’s heart, etc., כַּמַּיִם לִבֵּךְ La 2:19, לְפָנָיו לְבַבְכֶם ψ 62:9 (i.e. bef. י׳), אֶת־נַפְשִׁי לִפְנֵי י׳ 1 S 1:15, עָלַי (reflex.; v. עַל 1 d) ψ 42:5; אֶת־שִׂיחוֹ לִפְנֵי י׳ ψ 102:1 (title), cf. 142:3; in bad sense, וַתִּשְׁפְּכִי אֶת־תַּזְנוּתַיִךְ עַל־ Ez 16:15, cf. 23:8. †Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִשְׁפַּךְ La 2:11, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשָּׁפֵךְ Gn 9:6 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. הִשָּׁפֵךְ Ez 16:36;—be poured out: of ashes 1 K 13:3, 5, blood (עַל loc.) Dt 12:27; be shed, of blood Gn 9:6 (P) Dt 19:10; in fig. La 2:11 my liver is poured לָאָרֶץ (cf. Qal 1 a ad fin.); ψ 22:15 I am poured out like water (nerveless, helpless); subj. נְּחֻשְׁתֵּךְ Ez 16:36 (v. ii. [נְחשֶׁת]; cf. v 15 Qal 2 b). †Pu. Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְשֻׁפַּךְ Zp 1:17 be poured out כֶּעָפָר, of blood; שֻׁפַּךְ Nu 35:33 (P) be shed, of blood; 3 fs. שֻׁפְּכָה ψ 73:2 Kt my steps were caused to slip (Qr שֻׁפְּכוּ). †Hithp. Impf. 3 fs. עָלַי תִּשְׁתַּפֵּךְ נַפְשִׁי Jb 30:16 my soul pours itself out upon me; 3 fpl. תִּשְׁתַּפֵּ֫כְנָה אַבְנֵי־קֹדֶשׁ (Ges§ 54 k) La 4:1 fig. of slaughter; Inf. cstr. בְּהִשְׁתַּפֵּךְ נַפְשָׁם אֶל־חֵיק אִמֹּתָם 2:12, i.e. they expire.

† [זָעַק] vb. cry, cry out, call (‖ form of צעק q.v.; Arabic زَعَقَ, Aramaic ܙܥܰܩ )— Qal Pf. 3 fs. וְזָעָ֑קָה 2 S 13:19; 1 s. זָעַקְתִּי ψ 142:6; 3 pl. זָֽעֲקוּ Ju 6:7 + 3 times; וְזָעֲקוּ consec. Ju 11:11 + 2 times; 2 mpl. וּזְעַקְתֶּם consec. 1 S 8:18; Impf. 3 ms. יִזְעָ֑ק Is 15:5; וַיִּזְעַק 1 S 7:9 + 5 times, etc., Imv. זְעַק Ez 21:17; fs. זַעֲקִי־ Is 14:31, cf. Je 48:20 Kt; וְזַעֲקוּ Ju 10:14 + 2 times; וּזְעָ֑קוּ Je 48:20 Qr; Inf. cstr. מִזְּעֹק 1 S 7:8; וְלִזְעֹק 2 S 19:29; sf. זַעְקֶ֑ךָ Is 30:19; בְּזַעְקֵךְ Is 57:13 (Ol§ 245 b Ges§ 61. 1. R 1);— 1. call, to one’s aid, sq. acc. pers. Ju 12:2. 2. cry, cry out, in need: a. unto God (י׳), sq. אֶל־ Ju 3:9, 15; 6:6, 7; 10:10 1 S 7:8, 9 (+ בעד of intercession), 12:8, 10; 15:11 Mi 3:4 Je 11:11 Hb 1:2 (c. acc. חמס, cf. Ho 8:2 infr.), 2 Ch 20:9 ψ 22:6; 107:13, 19; 142:6 Jo 1:14; sq. אֶל־י׳ + בְּקוֹל גָּדוֹל Ne 9:4; + קוֹלִי ψ 142:2) (‖ התחנן); + בְּ��ִבָּם Ho 7:14 (opp. הֵילִיל); sq. לְ Ho 8:2 (+ obj. of words uttered), 1 Ch 5:20; sq. sf. Ne 9:28; sq. הַשָּׁמַיִם (without divine name) 2 Ch 32:20 (‖ התפלל); abs., but with implication of cry to י׳ 1 S 8:18 Is 30:19. b. unto other gods, sq. אֶל־ Ju 10:14 Je 11:12 Jon 1:5. c. unto king, sq. אֶל־ 2 S 19:29. d. abs., utterance of horror, anxiety, alarm, distress, sorrow, etc. 1 S 4:13; 5:10; 28:12 (+ בקול גדול), 2 S 13:19; 19:5 (+ קול גדול), 1 K 22:32 = 2 Ch 18:31, Is 15:4; 26:17; 57:13 Je 20:8 (‖ קרא, cf. Hb 1:2 supr.), La 3:8 (‖ אֲשַׁוֵּעַ) Ez 9:8; 11:13; 27:30; also of cry heard by God Ex 2:23 (P); sq. לְ of that in behalf of, or for which one cries Is 15:5 Je 48:31; so sq. עַל־ Je 30:15; sq. acc. cogn. זְעָקָה Est 4:1; ‖ היליל Je 47:2; and especially Imv. Is 14:31 Je 25:34; 48:20 Ez 21:17. e. cry out against one, sq. עַל־ Jb 31:38 if my land cry out against me (‖ יִבְכָּיוּן); cf. also (abs., and without prep.) Hb 2:11 the stone shall cry out of (מִן) the wall. Niph. Pf. 2 ms. נִזְעָ֑קְתָּ Ju 18:23; 3 mpl. נִזְעֲ��וּ Ju 18:22; Impf. וַיִּזָּעֵק Ju 6:34 + 2 times; וַיִּזָּעֲקוּ Jos 8:16;—be called together, assemble, join Jos 8:16 (JE), Ju 18:22, 23 1 S 14:20; sq. אַחֲרָיו Ju 6:34, 35 assembled after him, i.e. joined him as his followers. [= be called out for military service, pass. of Hiph. 1; cf. GFM Ju 18:23.] Hiph. Impf. וַיַּזְעֵק Ju 4:10 + 3 times; יַזְעִיקוּ Jb 35:9; Imv. הַזְעֶק־ 2 S 20:4; Inf. cstr. לְהַזְעִיק 2 S 20:5;— 1. call, call out, or together, for military service, sq. acc. Ju 4:10, 13 2 S 20:4, 5. 2. make a crying Jb 35:9 (יְשַׁוְּעוּ in ‖ cl.) 3. have proclamation made ויז׳ ויאמר Jon 3:7. 4. call out to, or at, sq. acc. וַיַּזְעֵק אֹתִי וַיְדַבֵּר Zc 6:8 (si vera l.; Gr queries וַיָּעַר?).

† צָעַק vb. cry, cry out, call (‖זָעַק; NH id.; Arabic صَعَقَ, perhaps orig. sound as thunder, cf. صَاعِقَةٌ thunderbolt, صَعِقَ bellow (of bull));— Qal Pf. 3 ms. צ׳ 1 K 20:39 La 2:18, 3 fs. צָֽעֲקָה Dt 22:24 +, etc.; Impf. יִצְעַק Ex 23:22 +, etc.; Imv. fs. וְצַעֲקִי Je 22:20, וּצֳעָ֑קִי v 20; fpl. צְעַקְנָה 49:3; Inf. abs. צָעֹק Ex 22:22; cstr. לִצְעֹק 2 K 8:3; Pt. fs. abs. צֹעֶ֫קֶת 2 K 8:5; mpl. צֹעֲקִים Gn 4:10; Ex 5:8;— 1. cry, cry out, for help, usually c. אֶל pers.;— a. unto man Gn 41:55 (E; + ל rei), Nu 11:3 (JE), 1 K 20:39 2 K 6:26; 8:3 (+ אֶל rei), v 5 (+ עַל rei); sq. אמר Ex 5:15 (J), 2 K 4:1 and (אֶל pers. om.) Ex 5:8 (J), 2 K 4:40; 6:5. b. especially unto י׳: Gn 4:10; Ex 8:3 (+ עַל־דְּבַר rei), 14:10, 15; 15:25; 17:4; 22:22 (צָעֹק יִצְעַק), v 26 Nu 12:13; 20:16 Jos 24:7 (all JE), Ju 4:3; 10:12; Dt 26:7; Is 19:20 (+ מִפְּנֵי rei), La 2:18; Ne 9:27 ψ 107:6, 28; קוֹלִי אֶל־א׳ וְאֶצְעָ֑קָה 77:2, cf. 34:18; c. לי׳ 2 Ch 13:14, נֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ ψ 88:2. c. cry unto (אֶל) idol Is 46:7. 2. abs. cry, cry out, in distress, need;—Gn 27:34 (J; c. acc. cogn.), Dt 22:24, 27; Is 33:7 (‖ בָּכָה), 65:14 (‖ הֵילִיל, opp. רָנַן; c. מִן rei), Je 22:20(×2) (‖ נָתַן קוֹל), 49:3 (‖ הֵילִיל), Jb 35:12; c. obj. חָמָס Jb 19:7 (‖ אֲשַׁוַּע). 3. make outcry, clamour, Is 42:2 (+ יִשָּׂא, יַשְׁמִיעַ קוֹלוֹ). Niph. be summoned (i.e. to arms), abs.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּצָּעֵק Ju 7:23, 24; 12:1, so 3 mpl. וַיִּצֶּעֲקוּ 10:17; 2 K 3:21, sq. אַחֲרֵי שָׁאוּל + acc. loc. 1 S 13:4. Pi. Pt. מְצַעֵק cry aloud, in grief, 2 K 2:12. Hiph. call together וַיַּצְעֵק אֶת־הָעָם אֶל־י׳ הַמִּצְפָּה 1 S 10:17.

† I. פָּרַץ † I. פָּרַץ vb. break through (NH id.; J.Aram. פְּרַץ id.; perhaps Assyrian parâṣu (v. DlHWB); Arabic فَرَصَ cut, slit, also hit);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. פָּרַץ 2 S 5:20 +; 2 ms. sf. פְּרַצְתָּנוּ ψ 60:3, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְרֹץ Ex 1:12; 19:22, יִפְרָץ־ v 24, וַיִּפְרֹץ Gn 30:30 +, etc.; Inf. abs. פָּרֹץ Is 5:5; cstr. פְּרֹץ 2 Ch 31:5, פְּרוֹץ Ec 3:3; Pt. act. פֹּרֵץ Mi 2:13; Ec 10:8; pass. fs. פְּרוּצָה 2 Ch 32:5; Pr 25:28; mpl. פְּרֻצִים Ne 4:1, + הֵם פְּרוּצִים 2:13 Qr (> Kt המפרוצים);—break through: 1. break or burst out, from womb Gn 38:29 (J; c. acc. cogn.); from enclosure Mi 2:13. 2. break through, down (from without), c. acc. גָּדֵר Is 5:5 ψ 80:13; 89:41; Ec 10:8; חוֹמָה Ne 3:35; 2 Ch 26:6, cf. pt. pass. Ne 2:13; 2 Ch 32:5; c. בְּחוֹמָה = make a breach in 2 K 14:13 = 2 Ch 25:23; עִיר פְּרוּצָה Pr 25:28; abs., opp. בָּנָה Ec 3:3; הַפֹּרֵץ Mi 2:13; הַפְּרוּצִים Ne 4:1 the part broken down. 3. break into, c. acc. בֵּית י׳ 2 Ch 24:7. 4. break open, a mining shaft Jb 28:4. 5. break up, break in pieces, c. acc. מַעֲשֶׂיךָ 2 Ch 20:37 (‖ וַיִּשָּֽׁבְרוּ אֳנִיּוֹת). 6. break out (violently) upon, of י׳ in sudden judgment, c. acc. pers. 2 S 5:20 = 1 Ch 14:11, ψ 60:3; c. ב pers. Ex 19:22, 24 (J), 1 Ch 15:13, so of plague ψ 106:29; of י׳, c. acc. cogn. פֶּרֶץ + ב pers. 2 S 6:8 = 1 Ch 13:11; c. acc. cogn. + sf. Jb 16:14. 7. use violence, abs. Ho 4:2. 8. break over [limits], increase, וַיִּפְרֹץ לָרֹב Gn 30:30 (J), 1 Ch 4:38; + ה loc. Gn 28:14 (J); abs. 30:43 (J), Ex 1:12 (J; + רָבָה), Ho 4:10 Is 54:3, פָּרַץ בָּאָרֶץ Jb 1:10. 9. burst open, intrans., of wine-vats Pr 3:10 (c. acc. mat. תִּירוֹשׁ). 10. spread, i.e. become known, of הַדָּבָר 2 Ch 31:5.—1 Ch 13:2 is prob. corrupt, v. Kau, who (after SS) conj. נֶחֱרָצָה; פ׳ in 2 Ch 11:23 is appar. distribute (c. מִן partit.), but dubious.—1 S 28:23; 2 S 13:25; 27; 2 K 5:23 v. פָּצַר" dir="rtl" >פצר. Niph. Pt. אֵין חָזוֹן נִפְרָ֑ץ 1 S 3:1 no vision spread abroad (i.e. general, or frequent, cf. Qal 10; ‖ דְּבַר י׳ הָיָה יָקָר), but text dubious. Pu. Pt. f. מְפרָ֑צֶת Ne 1:3 broken down. Hithp. Pt. pl. הַמִּתְפָּֽרְצִים 1 S 25:10 slaves who break away, each from (מִפְּנֵי) his master.

† [גָּרַשׁ] vb. drive out, cast out (NH id., Aramaic גְּרַשׁ Pa. Ithp. of divorce, MI19 ויגרשה)— Qal Impf. וַיִּגְרְשׁוּ Is 57:20; Inf. sf. מִגְרָשָׁהּ Ez 36:5 infr.; Pt. act. גֹּרֵשׁ Ex 34:11; pass. f. גְּרוּשָׁה Lv 21:7 + 4 times;—cast out, thrust out, י׳, the Amorites Ex 34:11 (JE; c. מִפְּנֵי); waters, mire and dirt רֶפֶשׁ וָטִיט Is 57:20; pass. only of divorced woman Lv 21:7 (sq. מֵאִישָׁהּ; elsewhere with אַלְמָנָה widow), v 14 22:13 (all H), Nu 30:10 (P) Ez 44:22. On מִגְרָשָׁהּ Ez 36:5 as Aramaic Inf. cf. Ges§ 45 e Köf. 166; Co del., on intern. grounds, cf. 𝔊. Niph. Pf. נִגְרָ֑שׁ Is 57:20; 3 fs. וְנִגְרְשָׁה consec. Am. 8:8; נִגְרַשְׁתִּי Jon 2:5;—be driven away, sq. מִנֶּגֶד עֵינֶיךָ, i.e. from the presence of Yahweh Jon 2:5; be driven, tossed, as the Nile Am 8:8; of the sea Is 57:20 rel. cl., אֲשֶׁר om., like the sea that is tossed. Pi. Pf. 3 fs. וְגֵרְשָׁה consec. Ex 23:28; גֵּרַשְׁתָּ Gn 4:14, sf. 3 mpl. וְגֵרַשְׁתָּמוֹ consec. Ex 23:31; וְגֵרַשְׁתִּ֫י Ex 33:2, sf. גֵּרַשְׁתִּיהוּ Ez 31:11 (so 𝔗 𝔙, not 𝔊; cf. Co’s conj.); וְגֵּרַשְׁתִּיו consec. Nu 22:11; 3 pl. sf. גֵּרְשׁוּנִי 1 S 26:19 Impf. יְגָרֵשׁ Ex 11:1, וַיְגָ֫רֶשׁ Gn 3:24 + 6 times; sf. וַיְגָרֲשֵׁהוּ ψ 34:1, יְגָֽרֲשֵׁם Ex 6:1; 2 ms. תְּגָרֵשׁ ψ 80:9, וַתְּגָ֫רֶשׁ Jos 24:12; אֲגָרֵשׁ Ju 2:3, וָֽאֲגָרֵשׁ Ju 6:9; sf. 3 ms. אֲגָֽרְשֶׁנּוּ Ex 23:29, 30; Nu 22:6; אֲגָֽרֲשֵׁם Ho 9:15; וַיְגָֽרֲשׁוּ Ju 11:2; יְגָֽרֲשׁוּהָ Zp 2:4, וַיְגָֽרֲשׁוּם Ex 2:17; 2 mpl. תְּגָֽרֲשׁוּן Mi 2:9, וַתְּגָֽרֲשׁוּנִי Ju 11:7; Inf. cstr. לְגָרֵשׁ 1 Ch 17:21 + ‖ 2 S 7:23 Gei We Dr, for MT לארצך; לְגָֽרֲשֵׁנוּ 2 Ch 20:11; abs. id. Ex 11:1; Imv. גָּרֵשׁ Gn 21:10 Pr 22:10;—drive out, away, Hex all JE, incl. poem Dt 33; (י׳ subj.), Adam from garden Gn 3:24 cf. Cain Gn 4:14 (sq. מִן loc., & so 21 times), David (men subj.) 1 S 26:19, id. (Abimelech subj.) ψ 34:1 (title), Hagar (Abr. subj.) Gn 21:10 cf. scorner, Pr 22:10 daughters of Reuel (subj. shepherds) Ex 2:17; Moses and Aaron from Pharaoh’s presence (indef. subj.) Ex 10:11; Gaal etc. (subj. Zebul) Ju 9:41 (sq. מִן c. Inf.), Jephthah (Gil. subj.) Ju 11:2, 7; Abiathar (subj. Sol.) 1 K 2:27 (sq. מִן c. Inf.) wicked from temple (י׳ subj.) Ho 9:15; women from houses (nobles subj.) Mi 2:9; often of Canaanites (hornet subj.) Ex 23:28; Jos 24:12 cf. Ex 23:31 (Israel subj.); also (י׳ subj.; cf. MI19) Ex 23:29, 30; 33:2; Dt 33:27 Jos 24:18; Ju 2:3; 6:9 ψ 78:55; 80:9; 1 Ch 17:21; of Israel from Egypt (subj. Pharaoh) Ex 6:1; 11:1(×2); from land of Moab (subj. Balak) Nu 22:6, 11; Judah from Canaan (subj. Moab & Ammon) 2 Ch 20:11; Egypt from her land (י׳ subj.) Ez 31:11 (but cf. text, supr.); Ashdod (indef. subj.) Zp 2:4. †Pu. Pf. גֹּרְשׁוּ subj. Israelites Ex 12:39; Impf. יְגֹרָ֑שׁוּ subj. despised and miserable outcasts Jb 30:5 both sq. מִן loc.

† הָרַס vb. throw down, break or tear down (MI הרס;? Arabic هَرَسَ, bruise, bray, pound, crush (grain))— Qal Pf. הָ׳ La 2:2, 17; הָרָ֑ס Is 14:17; וְהָרַסְתָּ֫ Ju 6:25 וְהָרַסְתִּ֫י Ez 13:14 Mi 5:10; וְהָֽרְסוּ Ez 16:39; 26:4, 12 הָרָ֑סוּ 1 K 19:10, 14; Impf. יַהֲרוֹס Jb 12:14; sf. יֶהֶרְסֶ֑ךָ Is 22:19; וַיֶּהֶרְסֶ֑הָ 1 Ch 20:1; יֶהֶרְסֶנָּה Pr 29:4 יֶהֶרְסֵם ψ 28:5; 3 fs. sf. 3 ms. תֶּהֶרְסֶנּוּ Pr 14:1; 2 ms. תַּהֲרֹס Ex 15:7; אֶהֱרֹם Je 24:6; 42:10 אֶהֱרוֹס Mal 1:4; 3 mpl. יֶהֶרְסוּ Ex 19:21, 24; יַהֲרֹ֑סוּ 2 K 3:25; Imv. הֲרָס־ ψ 58:7; sf. הָרְסָהּ 2 S 11:25; Inf. הֲרֹס Je 31:28, הֲרוֹס Je 1:10; Pt. act. הֹרֵס Je 45:4; pass. הָרוּס 1 K 18:30;— 1. throw down, tear down, c. acc.: altar(s) Ju 6:25 1 K 18:30; 19:10, 14; height (גַּב, where idol-altar stood? cf. גַּב sub גבב) Ez 16:39; city (cities) Is 14:17 2 S 11:25 2 K 3:25 1 Ch 20:1 (cf. MI27) Mal 1:4 (obj. not expr.); wall(s) Ez 13:14; 26:12; house Pr 14:1 (fig. of foolish woman’s action); strongholds (מִבְצָרִים) La 2:2 Mi 5:10; tower(s) Ez 26:4; fig. overthrow (i.e. ruin) land Pr 29:4 (opp. יַעֲמִיד); obj. men Ex 15:7 (poem in E) Is 22:19 (cast down Shebna from office); fig., opp. building up, of Yahweh’s dealings with men ψ 28:5, cf. (without obj.) Je 24:6; 42:10; obj. indef. אשׁר בָּנִיתִי אֲנִי הֹרֵס Je 45:4; abs. Je 1:10; 31:28 La 2:17 Jb 12:14. 2. break down, break away ה׳ שִׁנֵּימוֹ בְּפִימוֹ ψ 58:7 break away their teeth in their mouth! fig., addressed to God. 3. break through, intr., sq. אֶל־י׳ Ex 19:21; sq. לַעֲלֹת אֶל־י׳ v 24 (both J). Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נֶהֱרָ֑סָה Pr 24:31; 3 pl. נֶהֶרְסוּ Je 50:15 Jo 1:17; וְנֶהֶרְסוּ consec. Ez 30:4; 38:20; Impf. יֵהָרֵס Je 31:40; 3 fs. תֵּהָרֵס Pr 11:11; יֵהָרֵס֑וּן ψ 11:3; Pt. הַנֶּהֱרָסוֹת Ez 36:35, 36;—be thrown or torn down; stones of wall Pr 24:31; wall of city Je 50:15; cities Ez 36:35 cf. v 36; fig. ruined Pr 11:11 (opp. תָּרוּם); foundations, יְסוֹדֹת Ez 30:4; שָׁתוֹת ψ 11:3; mountains Ez 38:20; storehouses מַמְּגֻרוֹת Jo 1:17 [v. מ׳]; valley E. of Jerus. לֹא־יִנָּתֵשׁ וְלֹא־יֵהָרֵס Je 31:40 it shall not be plucked up nor thrown down, appar. proverb. expression, implying destruction, removal. Pi. Impf. 2 ms. sf. תְּהָֽרְסֵם Ex 23:24; Inf. abs. הָרֵס Ex 23:24; Pt. pl. sf. מְהָֽרְסַיִךְ Is 49:17;—over-throw, tear down הָרֵס תְּהָֽרְסֵם Ex 23:24 thou shalt utterly tear them down (JE; obj. = idols cf. Di); pt. destroyers, of Zion Is 49:17 (‖ מַחֲרִיבַיִךְ).

† נָטַשׁ vb. leave, forsake, permit (𝔗 forsake; draw off skin of dead animal; Arabic نَطِسٌ = abstinens ab impuro according to Ḳam (Frey));— Qal Pf. 3 ms. נ׳ 1 S 10:2, sf. 1 pl. נְטָשָׁ֫נוּ Ju 6:13; 2 ms. נָמַשְׁתָּ 1 S 17:28, נָמַשְׁתָּה Is 2:6, sf. נְטַשְׁתַּ֫נִי Gn 31:28, וּנְטַשְׁתָּהּ consec. Ex 23:11, etc.; Impf. יִטּשׁ 1 S 12:22 ψ 94:14, יִטּוֹשׁ Ho 12:15, sf. 1 pl. יִטְּשֵׁנוּ 1 K 8:57; 1 pl. נִטּשׁ Ne 10:32, etc.; Imv. נְטוֹשׁ Pr 17:14; Pt. pass. f. נְטוּשָׁה Is 21:15; mpl. נְטֻשִׁים 1 S 30:16;— 1. leave, let alone Ex 23:11 (E; = let field lie fallow, ‖ שָׁמַט), cf. וְנִטּשׁ אֶת־הַשָּׁנָה הַשְּׁבִיעִית וּמַשָּׁא כָל־יָ֑ד Ne 10:32 (i.e. leave field fallow and debts unclaimed); obj. quails, let them lie, (עַל loc.) Nu 11:31 (JE), of Amalekites נְטֻשִׁים עַל־פְּנֵי כָל־הָאָרֶץ 1 S 30:16 left to themselves over all the land; וְדָמָיו עָלָיו יִטּוֹשׁ Ho 12:15 and his mortal guilt shall he leave upon him; leave in charge of, entrust to (עַל pers.): sheep 1 S 17:20, 28; baggage v 22. 2. usually forsake, abandon, נ׳ דִּבְרֵי הָאֲתֹנוֹת 1 S 10:2 thy father hath abandoned the matter of the asses (ceased to be concerned about them); הָרִיב נְטוֹשׁ Pr 17:14 abandon contention; often subj. י׳, c. acc. pers. Ju 6:13; Is 2:6; 1 S 12:22; 1 K 8:57 (‖ עָזַב) 2 K 21:14; Je 7:29; 12:7 (‖ עָזַב), 23:33, 39 ψ 27:9 (‖ עָזַב), 94:14 (‖ id.); of י׳ leaving Phar. forsaken (on ground, cf. Niph. 1) Ez 29:5 (+ ה loc.), 32:4 (+ ב loc.); abandoning the sanctuary at Shiloh ψ 78:60; of men forsaking God Dt 32:15 (poem), Je 15:6; cf. אַל־תִּטּשׁ תּוֹרַת אִמֶּ֑ךָ Pr 1:8; 6:20; of men abandoning kg. (under fig. of cedar) Ez 31:12(×2). 3. permit, only וְלֹא נְטַשְׁתַּנִי לְנַשֵּׁק לְבָנַי וגו׳ Gn 31:28 (E) and hast not permitted me to kiss my sons, etc.—For וַתִּטּשׁ הַמִּלְחָמָה 1 S 4:2 read prob. וַתֵּט (𝔊 ἔκλινεν) Dr Klo Bu, or וַתִּקֶשׁ (קשׁה) grew fierce HPS (Löhr proposes תִּנָּטֵשׁ cf. Ju 15:9 etc.). For חֶרֶב נְטוּשָׁה Is 21:15 (‖ קֶשֶׁת דְּרוּכָה) read perhaps ח׳ לְטוּשָׁה. Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִטְּשָׁה Am 5:2; 3 pl. נִטְּשׁוּ Is 16:8; 33:23; Impf. 3 mpl. וַיִּנָּֽטְשׁוּ Ju 15:9 + 2 times;— 1. be forsaken, Am 5:2 she (Isr.) lieth forsaken (עַל loc.). 2. be loosened or loose (proposes be let alone, left to hang down) of ship’s tackle Is 33:23. 3. be let go, spread abroad, of warriors, Ju 15:9; 2 S 5:18, 22 (all c. ב loc., for purpose of plunder); of tendrils of vine Is 16:8 (fig. of Moab). Pu. Pf. only אַרְמוֹן נֻטָּ֑שׁ Is 32:14 palaces are abandoned, deserted (‖ הֲמוֹן עִיר עֻזָּ֑ב).

† מָשַׁךְ vb. draw, drag (NH id.; Aramaic מְשַׁךְ (rare) be extended, also conduct, take, Syriac ܡܫܰܟ is be dry, shrivelled (of fruit, etc.); Ethiopic መሰከ bend (the bow); Arabic مَسَكَ grasp and hold i. Frey; iv. Frey Lane; cf. also Assyrian mašku, skin (perhaps also march DlHWB 431), Arabic مَسْكٌ id., Aramaic ܡܶܫܟܳܐ, מַשְׁכָּא id.);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. מ׳ 1 K 22:34 + 2 times, וּמְשַׁךְ consec. Jb 24:22; 3 fs. מָֽשְׁכָה Dt 21:3, etc.; Impf. יִמְשׁוֹךְ Jb 21:33; וַיִּמְשֹׁךְ Ju 20:37; 2 ms. sf. תִּמְשְׁכֵנִי ψ 28:3; 1 s. sf. אֶמְשְׁכֵם Ho 11:4, etc.; Imv. מְשֹׁךְ ψ 36:11, sf. מָשְׁכֵנִי Ct 1:4; mpl. מִשְׁבוּ Ex 12:21, מָשְׁכוּ Ez 32:20; Inf. cstr. מְשֹׁךְ Ex 19:13; Jos 6:5, לִמְשׁוֹךְ Ec 2:3; Pt. מֹשֵׁךְ Am 9:13 ψ 109:12; pl. מֹשְׁכִים Ju 5:14; cstr. מֹשְׁכֵי Is 5:18; 66:19;— 1. draw and lift out of (מִן), c. acc. pers., וַיִּמְשְׁכוּ וַיַּעֲלוּ אֶת־יוֹסֵף מִן הַבּוֹר Gn 37:28 (E), so Jeremiah (+ בַּחֲבָלִים, ב instr.) Je 38:13; cf. תִּמְשֹׁךְ לִוְיָתָן בְּחַכָּה Jb 40:25; draw, drag along מֹשְׁכֵי עָוֹן בְּחַבְלֵי הַשָּׁוְא Is 5:18 (fig.); בְּמָשְׁכוֹ בְּרִשְׁתּוֹ ψ 10:9 (fig. of wicked catching and dragging the poor); draw, lead along (with hostile purpose) c. acc. pers. Ju 4:7 (subj. י׳; + אֶל־ pers. et rei); lead or drag off (to doom, subj. י׳) ψ 28:3 (cf. 26:9); similarly, or = draw down to death, מָשְׁכוּ אוֹתָהּ וגו׳ Ez 32:20 (si vera l.; ref. to fall of Egypt), but read perhaps a form of שׁכב for משׁכו, 𝔊 Co Berthol, cf. Sm; abs., subj. heifer, מָֽשְׁכָה בְּעוֹל Dt 21:3 (ב instr.); draw, lead (in love), (fig., subj. י׳) בְּחַבְלֵי אָדָם אֶמְשְׁכֵם Ho 11:4, cf. Je 31:3 (al. as 5 infr.) 2. draw the bow, מ׳ בַּקֶּשֶׁת 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33, but משְׁכֵי ק׳ Is 66:19 (where text dub., 𝔊 Μοσοχ καὶ εἰς (Θοβελ), so Lo StaJavan 8 Du CheHpt,—not Gr CheComm. Di). 3. proceed, march (cf. Germ. ziehen) וּמָשַׁכְתָּ֫ בְּהַר תָּבוֹר Ju 4:6 cf. 20:37 (abs.), Jb 21:33 (אַחֲרָיו); so also (perhaps) Ex 12:21 proceed (i.e. forth with), and take you a sheep; and prob. משְׁכִים בְּשֵׁבֶט Ju 5:14 those marching with the staff, etc. (most under 2. drawing with, i.e. wielding). 4. draw out a sound, give a sound, בִּמְשֹׁךְ הַיֹּבֵל Ex 19:13 (E) when the ram (’s horn) sounds בִּמ׳ בְּקֶרֶן הַיֹּבֵל Jos 6:5 (JE). 5. draw out, prolong, continue, מְשֹׁךְ חַסְדְךָ לְיֹדְעֶיךָ ψ 36:10 prolong, continue thy kindness to them that know thee; אַל־יְהִי לוֹ משֵׁךְ חֶסֶד 109:12; (so poss. מְשַׁכְתִּיךָ חָ֑סֶד Je 31:3 I have prolonged kindness to thee, cf. Ryle Ne 9:30; al. as 1 supr.); cf. וַתִּמ׳ עֲלֶיהֶם שָׁנִים רַבּוֹת Ne 9:30 (חֶסֶד omitted); תִּמ׳ אַפְּךָ לְדֹר וָדֹר 85:6 (‖ הַלְעוֹלָם תֶּאֱנַף בָּנוּ); וּמ׳ אַבִּירִים בְּכֹחוֹ Jb 24:22 i.e. he (God) prolongeth the life of the mighty (Du draggeth them off, as ψ 28:3 1 supr.,—reading also אֹבְדִים for אַבּ׳, with 𝔊 Bi); cf. Niph. 6. trail seed (draw along in sowing) Am 9:13 (opp. דֹּרֵךְ עֲנָבִים; cf. מֶשֶׁךְ infr.) 7. (late) cheer (draw, attract, gratify) מ׳ בַּיַּיִן אֶת־בְּשָׂרִי Ec 2:3,—so De (who cites NH, Chag14 a) Now Wild—מָשַׁךְ יָדוֹ אֶת־לֹצֲצִים Ho 7:5 is difficult, 𝔊 AV RV he stretcheth out his hand with, maketh common cause with, is hardly poss., text prob. corrupt We Now. Niph. Impf. 3 mpl. לֹא יִמָּשֵׁ֑כוּ Is 13:22 they shall not be prolonged (days of Babylon); 3 fs. לֹא תִּמָּשֵׁךְ Ez 12:25, 28 it shall not be postponed. Pu. Pt. long drawn out: מְמֻשָּׁךְ Is 18:2, 7 of persons, = tall; תֹּחֶלֶת מְמֻשָּׁכָה Pr 13:12 hope postponed, deferred.

ἐκπορ-εύω, make to go out, fetch out, Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, with future middle Refs 5th c.BC+ and aorist passive, go out or forth, march out, X.[same place], etc.; ἐπὶ λείαν Refs 4th c.BC+; εἰς στρατείαν ἐ. to march out to a place.., Refs 2nd c.BC+; but ἐκ τοῦ χάρακος LXX+5th c.BC+

† I. מָחָה vb. wipe, wipe out (NH id.; Arabic مَحَا, efface, erase, cancel, obliterate; Aramaic מְחָא (i), cf. Ph. למחת according to stroke = exactly HoffmPh. Inschr., Abh. GGW. xxxvi. May 1889, 9).— Qal Pf. 3 ms. מָחָה Nu 5:23 + 3 times 3 fs. מָֽחֲתָה Pr 30:20 + 4 times Pf.; Impf. יִמְחֶה 2 K 21:13; וַיִּמַח (Baer; var. וַיִּמַּח) Gn 7:23; 1 s. sf. אֶמְחֶנּוּ Ex 32:33; + 4 times Impf.; Imv. מְחֵה ψ 51:3, 11; sf. מְחֵנִי Ex 32:32; Inf. abs. מָחֹה Ex 17:14; cstr. לִמְחוֹת 2 K 14:27; Pt. מֹחֶה Is 43:25; fpl. (לְ)מֹחוֹת Pr 31:3 (Ges Fl Nö De Str for MT לַמְחוֹת);— 1. wipe, the mouth Pr 30:20; tears from (מעל) the face Is 25:8; written curse, into the water (אל־מים) for drinking Nu 5:23 (P); Moses’ name from the book (מספר) of God Ex 32:32, 33 (J); וּמָחִיתִי אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלַם כַּאֲשֶׁר יִמְחֶה אֶת־הַצַּלַּחַת מָחָה וְהָפַךְ עַל־פָּנֶיהָ 2 K 21:13 and I will wipe Jerusalem as one wipeth a dish,—he doth wipe and turn it (but read prob. מָחֹה וְהָפֹךְ) upside down. 2. blot out = obliterate from the memory, מִתַּחַת הַשָּׁמַיִם from under heaven e.g. the name Dt 9:14; 29:19 2 K 14:27; the remembrance Ex 17:14(×2) (J), Dt 25:19; the name for ever ψ 9:6; transgressions (פשׁע; no more remembered by God against sinner) ψ 51:3 Is 43:25; 44:22; עָון ψ 51:11. 3. blot out = exterminate, כל־היקום all existing things Gn 7:23 (J) and mankind, מֵעַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה Gn 6:7; 7:4 (J); מֹחוֹת מְלָכִין Pr 31:3 (with the text-change, v. supr.) = destroyers of kings (i.e. impure women), but expression strange and dubious. Niph. Pf. 3 mpl. נִמְחוּ Ez 6:6; Impf. יִמָּחֶה Dt 25:6 Ju 21:17; יִמַּח ψ 109:13; 3 fs. תִּמָּ֑ח ψ 109:14; + 4 times Impf.;— 4. be wiped out מִסֵּפֶר חַיִּים ψ 69:29. 5. be blotted out, מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל of a name Dt 25:6, a tribe Ju 21:17; name (‖ posterity) ψ 109:13; from memory, of sins Ne 3:37 ψ 109:14; reproach, Pr 6:33. 6. be exterminated, מִן־הָאָרֶץ Gn 7:23 (J); of idolatrous works of Israel Ez 6:6. Hiph. . Impf. 2 ms. תֶּ֫מַח Ne 13:14; תֶּ֑מְחִי Je 18:23 (but tone suggests תֶּ֫מַח cf. Ges§ 75. R. 17; Gie reads Qal and doubts Hiph. altogether); Inf. לַמְחוֹת Pr 31:3 (= לְהַמְחוֹת but see Qal 3);—blot out, from the memory; pious acts Ne 13:14; sins Je 18:23.

† I. מוֹצָא n.m. Ho 6:3 place or act of going forth, issue, export, source, spring;—abs. מ׳ Jb 28:1 ψ 75:7; cstr. מ׳ Nu 30:13 + 9 times; מֹצָא Jb 38:27; Dn 9:25; sf. מוֹצָאֲךָ 2 S 3:25; מֹצָאוֹ Ho 6:3; מוֹצָאוֹ ψ 19:7; pl. cstr. מוֹצָאֵי Is 41:18 + 5 times; sf. מוֹצָאָיו Ez 43:11; מוֹצָאֵיהֶם Nu 33:2(×2); מוֹצָאֵיהֶן Ez 42:11;— 1. a going forth: a. the act, of י׳ Ho 6:3; of the sun = rising ψ 19:7 (v. יצא 1 f); of a man 2 S 3:25 (opp. מָבוֹא Kt); מ׳ דָּבָר Dn 9:25 going forth of a command. b. concrete, מוֹצָאֵי גּוֹלָה Ez 12:4 goings forth of exile, i.e. those going forth into exile (in sim.). c. way out, exit: concrete, of chambers in temple Ez 42:11; 43:11 (opp. מוֹבָאָיו); מוֹצָאֵי הַמִּקְדָּשׁ Ez 44:5 (opp. מְבוֹא הַבַּיִת). 2. that which goes forth: a. utterance of mouth or lips (especially of solemn or formal speech), מוֹצָא פִי־י׳ Dt 8:3; מ׳ שְׂפָתַי Je 17:16 ψ 89:35; so Dt 23:24 Nu 30:13 (P). b. export of horses 1 K 10:28 = 2 Ch 1:16. 3. place of going forth: a. source or spring of water 2 K 2:21 Is 58:11 (in sim.), ψ 107:33 (‖ נְהָרוֹת) v 35 (‖ אֲגַם־מים) = Is 41:18 (‖ id.); מוֹצָא מֵימֵי גִיחוֹן הָעֶלְיוֹן 2 Ch 32:30. b. place of departure of Israel on march Nu 33:2(×2) (P). c. מוֹצָא = east (place of sun’s going forth) ψ 75:7 (opp. מַעֲרָב); zeugmatically, 65:9 מוֹצָאֵי בֹּקֶר וָעֶרֶב i.e. the east and the west (cf. the two Orients, Qor 43:37). d. place whence silver comes = mine Jb 28:1; וּלְהַצְמִיחַ מֹצָא דֶשֶׁא 38:27 and to cause the growing-place (others, the growth) of young grass to sprout.

† [חָקַר] vb. search (NH id., Niph. pass., Aramaic חֲקַר)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. sf. וַחֲקָרוֹ consec. Pr 18:17; חֲקָרָהּ Jb 28:27; וְחָֽקַרְתָּ֫ Dt 13:15 etc.; Impf. יַחְקֹר Jb 13:19; יַחֲקָר־ ψ 44:22; יַחְקְרֶנּוּ Pr 28:11; אֶחְקֹר 1 S 20:12; תַּחְקְרוּן Jb 32:11; נַחְקֹ֑רָה La 3:40 etc.; Imv. חָקְרֵנִי ψ 139:23; חִקְרוּ Ju 18:2; Inf. חֲקֹר 2 S 10:3 + 2 times; לַחְקוֹר Pr 23:30; לְחָקְרָהּ Ju 18:2;— 1. search (for), sq. acc. Pr 23:30; Jb 32:11; abs. וְדָרַשְׁתָּ֫ וְחָקַרְתָּ֫ וְשָׁאַלְתָּ֫ הֵיטֵיב Dt 13:15; lit. Ez 39:14 (i.e. for bones unburied). 2. a. search through, explore, lit., obj. הארץ Ju 18:2 (‖ רַגֵּל) v 2, 1 Ch 19:3 (‖ id.); city העיר 2 S 10:3 (‖ id.), of mining Jb 28:3; search out a subject or matter Jb 5:27; 28:27; Pr 25:2 ψ 44:22. b. search a man, find out his sentiments (AV sound him) 1 S 20:12. c. of י׳ searching man, c. acc. ψ 139:1 (‖ ידע), v 23 (‖ id.) Jb 13:9, cf. Je 17:10 (obj. לֵב). d. of examining thoroughly, so as to expose weakness in a case Jb 29:16; Pr 18:17, cf. 28:11; so of self-examination ח׳ דרכים La 3:40 (‖ חפשׂ). Niph. Pf. נֶחְקַר 1 K 7:47; 2 Ch 4:18; Impf. יֵחָקֵר Je 46:23; יֵחָֽקְרוּ Je 31:37 be searched out, found out, ascertained, 1 K 7:47; 2 Ch 4:18 (weight of the bronze used in temple utensils), of forest Je 46:23; searched out, Je 31:37 subj. מוסדי־ארץ. Pi. Pf. חִקֵּר Ec 12:9 he sought out many proverbs (מְשָׁלִים; ‖ אִזֵּן).

† רָגַל vb.denom. foot it, go about;— Qal go about (maliciously, as slanderer; cf. Arabic مُشَاةٌ and سَاعٍ slanderer, from √√ مَشَى walk along, سَعَى walk quickly), slander, Pf. 3 ms. לאֹ־ר׳ עַל־לְשֹׁנוֹ ψ 15:3 he takes no slander upon his tongue (‖ דֹּבֵר אֱמֶת v 2). Pi. Impf. 3 ms. וַיְרַגֵּל 2 S 19:28, 3 mpl. וַיְרַגְּלוּ Dt 1:24 Jos 7:2; Imv. mpl. רַגְּלוּ Jos 7:2; Inf. cstr. לְרַגֵּל Nu 21:32 + 5 times; sf. לְרַגְּלַהּ 2 S 10:3; Pt. pl. מְרַגְּלִים Gn 42:9 + 11 times;— 1. slander (cf. Qal), וַיְר׳ בְּעַבְדְּךָ אֶל 2 S 19:28. 2. go about as explorer, spy, c. acc. loc. Nu 21:32 Jos 6:25; 7:2, 2; 14:7 (all JE), Ju 18:2 (‖ חָקַר), v 14, 17 2 S 10:3 (‖ חָקַר), 1 Ch 19:3, so also pt. Gn 42:30 (E), Jos 6:22 (JE); pt., acc. om., as adj., אֲנַשִׁים מְרַגְּלִים Jos 2:1, cf. 6:23 (both JE); as subst., spies 1 S 26:4; 2 S 15:10, and so perhaps (as pred.) Gn 42:9, 11, 14, 16, 31, 34 (all E). Tiph. Pf. 1 s. תִּרְגַּלְתִּי לְאֶכְּרַיִם Ho 11:3 I taught Ephr. to walk (si vera l.; v. Ges§ 55 h).

† [תּוֹצָאָה] n.f. outgoing, extremity, source (?), escape; only pl.; chiefly P and late;—abs. תּוֹצָאוֹת ψ 68:21; cstr. תּוֹצְאוֹת Pr 4:23 + Jos 18:19 Qr (Kt תוצאותיו); תּוֹצְאֹת Nu 34:8; Ez 48:30; תֹּצְא��ֹת Jos 15:4 + 2 times; sf. תּוֹצְאֹתָיו Nu 34:4 + 3 times; תֹּצְאֹתָיו Jos 15:7 + 8 times + 16:3 Qr (Kt תצאתו); תּוֹצְאוֹתָם 1 Ch 5:16;— 1. outgoing, extremity of border of territory Jos 16:3; 17:18 (both JE), elsewhere P: Nu 34:4, 5, 8, 9, 12; Jos 15:4, 7, 11; 16:8; 17:9; 18:12, 14, 19; 19:14, 22, 29, 33; outskirts of city Ez 48:30, cf. 1 Ch 5:16. 2. ת׳ הַיִּים Pr 4:23 (? read מוֹצְאוֹת) sources of life. 3. לַמָּוֶת ת׳ ψ 68:21 escapes from (lit. for, i.e. in view of) death.

† תּוּר vb. seek out, spy out, explore (NH id. (rare); perhaps orig. turn (to or about), Assyrian târu, turn about, back, taiâru adj. turning back, also merciful, and subst. mercy; Arabic تَارَ (و) iv. go about (rare), تَوْرٌ a go-between);— Qal Pf. 1 s. תַּרְתִּי Ez 20:6; Ec 2:3; 3 pl. תָּרוּ Nu 13:32; 2 mpl. תַּרְתֶּם 14:24; Impf. 3 mpl. יָתֻ֫רוּ 13:2, וַיָּתֻ֫רוּ v 21; read also 3 ms. יָתוּר Jb 39:8 𝔙 𝔗 Ew Di Bu Du and most (for יְתוּר); 2 mpl. תָּתוּ֫רוּ Nu 15:39; Inf. cstr. תּוּר 10:33 +; Pt. pl. תָּרִים 14:6, on 1 K 10:15; 2 Ch 9:14 v. infra;— 1. seek out, select: לָתוּר לָהֶם מְנוּחָה Nu 10:33 (J, subj. ark of י׳), cf. Dt 1:33 (subj. י׳), Ez 20:6 (id., acc. land); sq. inf. = find out how to do something, ת׳ בְּלִבִּי לְ Ec 2:3. 2. spy out, explore, acc. of land Nu 13:2, 16, 17, 21, 25, 32(×2); 14:7, 34, 36, 38, acc. of mts. Jb 39:8 (v. supr.), cf. Pt. as subj. explorers, spies Nu 14:6 (all P); explore mentally, לָדַעַת וְלָת׳ וּבַקֵּשׁ חָכְמָה Ec 7:25, cf. 9:1 Gr (ת׳ for בוּר q.v.), לָת׳ בְּחָכְמָה עָל־ 1:13 (KueOnd. 2, iii. 196). 3. go about, fig. אַחֲרֵי לְבַבְכֶם Nu 15:39 (P); Pt. אַנְשֵׁי הַתָּרִים 1 K 10:15; 2 Ch 9:14, usually merchants (‖ סֹחֲרִים רֹכְלִים); Kit, after 𝔖 2 Ch, proposes הֶעָרִים for הַתָּרִים. Hiph. Impf. 3 mpl. וַיָּתִּ֫ירוּ בְּבֵית־אֵל Ju 1:23 they made a reconnaisance at Bethel (Vrss disagree, Gie וַיַּחֲנוּ, cf. GFM); 3 ms. יָתֵר מֵרֵעֵהוּ צַדִּיק Pr 12:26 the righteous searches out (RV is a guide to) his friend, 𝔗 AV is more excellent than (reading יָתָר), Hi Ew De al. spies out his pasture (מִרְעֵהוּ, in spiritual sense), all dubious; Toy conjectures יָסֻר מֵרָעָה.

† I. חָפַר vb. dig, search for (Arabic حَفَرَ id.; Aramaic חֲפַר, ܚܦܰܪ, id.; NH חֵפֶר act of digging)— Qal Pf. ח׳ Jb 39:29; וְחָפַרְתָּ֫ Jb 11:18; וְחָפַרְתָּ֫ה Dt 23:14; חָפַרְתִּי Gn 21:30; חָֽפְרוּ Gn 26:18 + 2 times; חָפָ֑רוּ Gn 26:32; חֲפָרוּהָ Nu 21:18; Impf. וַיַּחְפֹּר Gn 26:18, 22; וַיַּחְפִּרֵהוּ ψ 7:16; וָאֶחְפֹּר Je 13:7; יַחְפְּדוּ Jb 39:21 (but read יַחְפֹּר so 𝔊 𝔙 𝔖 Di) Dt 1:22; וַיַּחְפְּרוּ Gn 26:19 + 2 times; וַיַּחְפְּרֻהוּ Jb 3:21; Inf. cstr. לַחְפֹּר Jos 2:2, 3 + Is 2:20 (cf. infr.); Pt. חֹפֵר Ec 10:8;— 1. dig: a. a well, c. acc. בְּאֵר Gn 21:30 (E), 26:15, 18(×2), 19, 21, 22, 32 (J), Nu 21:18 (E); cf. Ex 7:24 (E); dig (a hole, implied as obj.) Dt 23:14; a pit, with hostile purpose, as snare or trap, fig. of malicious plan, c. acc. בּוֹר ψ 7:16 (‖ כָּרָה); so c. acc. גומץ Ec 10:8, cf. ח׳ לְנַפְשִׁי [שַׁחַת] ψ 35:7; of horse, dig, i.e. paw the ground, יַחְפֹּר בָּעֵמֶק Jb 39:21 (so read, v. supr.) he paweth in the valley (cf. Arabic حَافِرٌ hoof). b. dig for something hidden, c. acc. Jb 3:21 (fig. of longing for death), Je 13:7 (no obj. expr.) 2. search, search out, explore, c. acc. הָאָרֶץ Jos 2:2, 3 (JE), Dt 1:22; of eagle, search for food, c. acc. ח׳ אֹכֶל Jb 39:29, with especially reference to keen vision (‖ מֵרָחוֹק עֵינָיו יַבִּיטוּ); so = search or look carefully about before going to rest Jb 11:18 (no obj.).—לַחְפֹּר Is 2:20 v. חֲפַרְפָּרָה" dir="rtl" >חֲפַרְפָּרָה infr.

פָּשָׂה21 vb. spread, intrans. (NH פָּסָה id.; Arabic فَشَا (فشو) be divulged, spread, be extensive);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Lv 13:5 +, 3 fs. פָּֽשְׂתָה v 8, פָּשָׂ֑תָה v 23; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְשֶׂה v 35, 3 fs. תִּפְשֶׂה v 7 +; Inf. abs. פָּשׂה v 7 +;—only Lv 13, 14, of leprosy and like eruptions: c. בָּעוֹר, בַּבֶּגֶד, etc., Lv 13:5 + 7 times 13, 14:39, 44, 48 + בָּעוֹר פָּשׂה יִפְשֶׂה (תִּפ׳) 13:7, 22, 27, 35; abs. v 23, 32, 55.

† נָבֵל vb. sink or drop down, languish, wither and fall, fade (NH id.; Assyrian nabâlu, destroy, DlHWB 443 f. Arabic نَبَلَ v, viii. die; Aramaic נְבֵילָא corpse);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. נ׳ Is 40:7, 8 Je 8:13; 3 fs. נָֽבְלָה Is 24:4(×2); Impf. 3 ms. יִבּוֹל ψ 1:3 + 4 times (on form cf. Ges§ 47 h Ol§ § 911 e, 912.2), 2 ms. תִּכֹּל Ex 18:18; 3 mpl. יִבֹּלוּ 2 S 22:46 = ψ 18:46, יִבּוֹל֑וּן ψ 37:2; 1 pl. וַנָּ֫בֶל Is 64:5 (on form cf. Di and Ol§ 236 e); Inf. abs. נָבֹל Ex 18:18; cstr. נְבֹל Is 34:4; Pt. נֹבֵל Is 28:1, 4; f. נֹבֶ֫לֶת abs. Is 34:4; cstr. Is 1:30;— 1. sink or drop down, from exhaustion נָבֹל תִּבֹּל Ex 18:18 (Moses and Isr.); from discouragement 2 S 22:46 = ψ 18:46 (of foreigners, foes of Isr.); of mt. הַר־נֹפֵל יִבּוֹל Jb 14:18 (but נָפוֹל יִפּוֹל Lag Proph. Chald. Siegf Baer, after 𝔊, so Bu [or יִבְלֶה]; Du נָבוֹל יִבּוֹל). 2. usually droop like a leaf, or flower wither and fall, fade: כְּאֵלָה נֹבֶ֫לֶת עָלֶ֑הָ Is 1:30 like an oak falling as to its leaves (sim. of people of Jerus.); the host of heaven יִבּוֹל כִּנְבֹל עָלֶה מִגֶּפֶן וּכְנֹבֶלֶת מִתְּאֵנָה Is 34:4; לֹא יִבּ׳ עָלֵהוּ Ez 47:12 (trees in Ezek.’s vision), so fig. of good man ψ 1:3; of Isr. Je 8:13, וַ֫נָּבֶל כֶּעָלֶה Is 64:5; also נָבֵל צִיץ 40:7, 8 (both ‖ יָבֵשׁ חָצִיר), צִיץ נֹבֵל 28:1, cf. v 4; of wicked כְּיֶרֶק דֶּשֶׁא יִבּ׳ ψ 37:2 (‖ כֶּחָצִיר יִמָּ֑לוּ); of devastated earth אָֽבְלָה נָֽבְלָה הָאָרֶץ אֻמְלְלָה נָֽבְלָה תֵּבֵ֑ל Is 24:4.

† שָׂכַר vb. hire (NH id.; Sab. תשכר hire oneself out(?), recompense(?) DHMHofmus. 11; Ethiopic ሥኩር: hired; Arabic شَكَرَ reward, thank, mod. Pal. شكارة hired, of land ploughed by hire, BergheimPEQ 1894, 196; Palm. שכרא perhaps rewarding Lzb375);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׂ׳ Dt 23:5, ס׳ Ezr 4:5 sf. שְׂכָרוֹ Ne 6:12; 1 s. sf. שְׂכַרְתִּיךָ Gn 30:16; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּשְׂכֹּר Ju 9:4 +, etc.; Inf. abs. שָׂכֹר Gn 30:16; cstr. לִשְׂכֹּר 1 Ch 19:6; Pt. act. שׂבֵר Pr 26:10(×2), pl. שׂכְרִים 2 Ch 24:12 (Ezr 4:5 v. ii. סבר); pass. שָׂכוּר Ne 6:13;—hire, retainers Ju 9:4 (ב pret.), soldiers, etc. 2 S 10:6 = 1 Ch 19:6, 7; 2 K 7:6; 2 Ch 25:6 (ב pret.), priest Ju 18:4, artificers Is 46:6; 2 Ch 24:12, husband’s favour שָׂכֹר שְׂכַרְתִּיךָ Gn 30:16 (J; ב pret.); Pr 26:10(×2) obscure, v. De Now Toy; for evil purpose Dt 23:5 = Ne 13:2 (עַל against), Ne 6:12, 13. Niph. hire oneself out, Pf. בַּלֶּחֶם נִשְׂכָּ֑רוּ 1 S 2:5. Hithp. earn wages, Pt. הַמִּשְׂתַּכֵּר Hg 1:6 (as subst.), מ׳ v 6 (as vb., + אֶל loc., constr. praegn.).

† [רִיק] vb. Hiph. make empty, empty out (Arabic رَاقَ (ى) pour out, forth, intrans. (of water, blood, etc.); Aramaic רִיק empty, pour, ܪܳܩ in deriv.; Assyrian rêḳu, empty);—Pf. 1 s. הֲרִיקֹ֫תִי Lv 26:33 Mal 3:10; 3 pl. הֵרִיקוּ Ez 28:7; 30:11; Impf. 3 ms. יָרִיק Hb 1:17, וַיָּ֫רֶק Gn 14:14 (but v. infr.); Imv. ms. הָרֵק ψ 35:3; Inf. cstr. הָרִיק Is 32:6; Pt. pl. מְרִיקִים Gn 42:35 Zc 4:12;— 1. empty vessels Gn 42:35 (E) Je 48:12; keep empty, לְהָרִיק נֶפֶשׁ רָעֵב Is 32:6 (i.e. keep hungry). 2. pour out or down, rain Mal 3:10 Ec 11:3, oil Zc 4:12. 3. empty out (i.e. draw) sword (cf. Assyrian kakkê ittabbaku [pass.], DlHWB 699 b) Ex 15:9 (poem), Lv 26:33 (H), Ez 5:2, 12; 12:14; 28:7; 30:11; prob. also Hb 1:17 (חרבו for חרמוֹ Gie We Now); of lance ψ 35:3; cf. (si vera l.) וירק חניכיו Gn 14:14 (R) led forth, וַיָּ֫דֶק (Aramaic דּוּק Aph. look) i.e. mustered 𝔊 cf. Di al., ויפקד Ball.—In ψ 18:43 𝔊 𝔖 Hup-Now Bae read אֲדִקֵּם; so ‖ 2 S 22:43 MT; but De Dr אֲרִיקֵם (v. דקק). Hoph. be emptied out from vessel: Pf. 3 ms. הוּרַק Je 48:11; Impf. 2 ms. תּוּרַק Ct 1:3 (al. 3 fs.; of ointment, in sim.); cf. also Am 6:6, where Oort מוּרְקֵי for מִזְרְקֵי.

† זָרַח vb. rise, come forth (NH id., Assyrian zarâḫu DlPr180; Sab. דֿרח lofty, majestic (of king) and in cpd. n.pr. DHMZMG 1875, 605; 1883, 327 MordtZMG 1876, 37)— Qal Pf. ז׳ Dt 33:2 ψ 112:4; זָרָ֑ח Is 60:1; וְזָרַח consec. Is 58:10 Ec 1:5; 3 fs. זָרְֽחָה Ex 22:2 + 3 times; וְזָֽרְחָה consec. Mal 3:20; Impf. יִזְרַח 2 S 23:4 Is 60:2; יִזְרָ֑ח Jb 9:7; וַיִּזְרַח Gn 32:32; 3 fs. תִּזְרַח ψ 104:22; Inf. cstr. זְרֹחַ Ju 9:33 Jo 4:8; Pt. זוֹרֵחַ Ec 1:5;— 1. rise: a. (of sun) Ju 9:33 Na 3:17 2 S 23:4 Jon 4:8 Jb 9:7 ψ 104:22 Ec 1:5(×2); sq. על Ex 22:2 (JE), 2 K 3:22; sq. לְ Gn 32:32 (J). b. fig., sq. לְ, שֶׁמֶשׁ צְדָקָה Mal 3:20; of י׳, וְזָרַח מִשֵּׂעִיר לָמוֹ Dt 33:2; sq. על, Is 60:2 (‖ כבודו יראה); כבוד י׳ Is 60:1; subj. אוֹר, fig. (= happiness, blessedness) Is 58:10 ψ 112:4 (sq. לְ). 2. come out, appear, of appearance of leprosy (הַצָּרַ֫עַת) 2 Ch 26:19.

† [בָּלָה] vb. become old and worn out (Arabic بَلِىَ, Aramaic בְּלֵי, ܒܠܴܐ, Ethiopic በልየ id.)— Qal Pf. בָּלְֽתָה Dt 8:4, בָּלוּ 29:4 +; Impf. יִבְלֶה Jb 13:28 etc.; Inf. c. sf. בְּלֹתִי Gn 18:12;—wear out (intr.), especially of garments Dt 8:4; 29:4(×2), all c. מֵעַל pregn. wear out (and fall) from upon … (hence Ne 9:21), Jos 9:13; fig. of the heavens (with sim. of garment) Is 50:9 ψ 102:27 כַּבֶּגֶד יִבְלוּ, the earth Is 51:6 כַּבֶּגֶד תִּבְלֶה; the bones (through suffering) ψ 32:3; afflicted man Jb 13:28 וְהוּא כְּרָקָב יִבְלֶה (‖ כְּבֶגֶד אֲכָלוֹ עָשׁ); of an aged and decrepit woman Gn 18:12 (J) אַחֲרֵי בְלֹתִי after I am worn out. Pi. caus. of Qal. a. wear out (trans.), fig. La 3:4 בִּלָּה בְשָׂרִי וְעוֹרִי, ψ 49:15 and their form לְבַלּוֹת שְׁאוֹל is for She’ôl to consume away (others read לִבְלוֹת is for wasting away [Dr§ 204], connecting שׁ׳ with foll.), 1 Ch 17:9 לְבַלֹּתוֹ to wear it (Isr.) out (altered from לְעַנּוֹתוֹ 2 S 7:10), cf. Dn 7:25 Aramaic b. wear out by use, use to the full, Is 65:22 and the work of their hands יְבַלּוּ they shall use to the full, enjoy, Jb 21:13 they wear out their days in prosperity (Qr here יְכַלּוּ complete, which perhaps is the true reading in both passages; cf. Ex 5:13 Jb 36:11).—On בַּ֜לּוֹתִ֗י ψ 92:11, v. sub בָּלַל²" dir="rtl" >בָּלַל.

† [קָדַד] vb. bow down (Assyrian (including TelAm.) ḳadâdu, bow down);— Qal Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּקֹּד Gn 24:26 +, etc.;—usually + וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ etc.; in worship of י׳ Gn 24:26, 48; Ex 4:31; 12:27; 34:8; Nu 22:31; 2 Ch 20:18; 29:30; Ne 8:6; homage to man of rank Gn 43:28, king 1 S 24:9 (Gi v 8), 28:14; 1 K 1:16, 31; to י׳ + king 1 Ch 29:20.

ἐξάγω, perfect -ῆχαRefs 4th c.BC+, -αγήγοχα Refs 3rd c.BC+:—lead out, lead away: __I of persons, mostly with genitive loci, μεγάροιο, πόγηος, ὁμίλου, Refs 8th c.BC+; Ἄργεος ἐξαγαγόντες having brought her out from Argos, Refs 8th c.BC+; bring out of prison, release, NT+3rd c.BC+; bring forth into the world, τόν γε.. Εἰλείθυια ἐξάγαγε πρὸ φόωσδε Refs 8th c.BC+lead out of the nest, Refs 5th c.BC+; lead out to execution, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.b seemingly intransitive, march out (i.e. στρατόν), Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, go out, ὡς εἰς θήραν Refs; εἰς προνομάςRefs 8th c.BC+ let us go out and pile one tomb for all, Refs 8th c.BC+; also, come to an end, οἱ μεγάλοι πόνοι συντόμως ἐ. soon pass away, Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.2 draw out from, release from, ἀχέων τινά Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. τινὰ ἐκ τοῦ ζῆν, i.e. put him to death, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἑαυτὸν ἐκ τοῦ ζῆν commit suicide, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __I.3 eject a claimant from property Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, to be turned out, ὑπὸ τοῦ παιδοτρίβου Refs 4th c.BC+ __II of merchandise, etc., carry out, export, ῥῶπον χθονός Refs 5th c.BC+; εἴ τις ἐξαγαγὼν παῖδα ληφθείη exporting him as a slave, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+exports, Refs 4th c.BC+:—middle, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 draw off water, Refs 4th c.BC+; draw out, of perspiration, ὑπὸ τοῦ ἡλίου Refs 5th c.BC+; so, carry off by purgative medicines, ἕλμινθας Refs 1st c.AD+: generally, get rid of, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3 of building, draw or carry farther out, αἱμασιάν Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, ὁ περίβολος πανταχῇ ἐξήχθη τῆς πόλεως Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 of expenses, ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἐξάγεσθαι Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III bring forth, produce, οὐκ ἐξάγουσι καρπὸν οἱ ψευδεῖς λόγοι Refs 5th c.BC+hatch, Refs 4th c.BC+; call forth, excite, δάκρυ τινί Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, γέλωτα ἐξαγαγέσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+elicit, induce, Refs __IV lead on, carry away, excite, τινά Refs 5th c.BC+; in bad sense, lead on, tempt, οὐδέ με οἶνος ἐ. ὥστε εἰπεῖν Refs 6th c.BC+:—middle, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be led on to do a thing, c.infinitive, ἐξήχθην ὀλοφύρασθαι Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, to be carried away by passion, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐξάγουσα ὀδύνη distracting pain, Refs 3rd c.BC+ middle cited in Refs 4th c.AD+ __IV.2 lead away, [λόγον] εἰς ἄλλας ὑποθέσεις Refs 1st c.AD+reduce, Refs; ἐ. εἰς τὸ ἀνώτερον, Latin altius repetere, Refs; πρὸς τὴν Ἑλληνικὴν διάλεκτον ἐξάγειν τοὔνομα express in Greek, Refs __V exercise, τὴν ἀρχὴν οὐκέτι βασιλικῶς, ἀλλὰ τυραννικώτερον Refs 1st c.BC+; carry out instructions, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __VI give directions in a will, ἐμαυτὸν οὕτως ἐξάγω Lyconap.Refs 3rd c.AD+ __VII intransitive, pass one's life, Refs 1st c.BC+

נְפַק vb. go, or come, out, forth (𝔗 id., NH נָפַק, Syriac ܢܦܰܩ, so Chr-Pal. SchulthLex. 126, Old Aramaic Nab. Palm. נפק Lzb 324, cf. Arabic نَافِقَاءُ hole of field mouse; v. also Aramaic נַפְקוּתָא, ܢܦܰܩܬܳܐ outlay, Egyptian Aramaic נפקתה CookeInscr. 212, Arabic نَفَقَةٌ household outlay (Aramaic loan-word SchwallyZMG lii (1898), 133));— Pe. Pf. 3 ms. נ׳ Dn 2:14 he went out, c. inf.; 3 fs. נֶפְקַת v 13 decree went forth (cf. Lu 2:1); 3 mpl. נפקו 5:5 Kt (Qr 3 fpl. נְפַ֫קָה, K§ 23, 2) fingers came forth; c. מִן loc.: Imv. mpl. פֻּקוּ (K§ 42) 3:26 come forth! Pt. pl. נָֽפְקִין v 26 (both of men); sg. נָפֵק 7:10 (= flow out). Haph. bring forth, acc. rei + מִן loc.: Pf. 3 ms. הַנְפֵּק Ezr 5:14(×2); 6:5 Dn 5:2; 3 mpl. הַנְפִּ֫קוּ v 3 (so Egyptian Aramaic S-CPap. D 15, 17 +).

† [הָדַף] vb. thrust, push, drive (הֲדַף in 𝔗; Arabic هَدَفَ is ingressus ad aliquem fuit, propinquus fuit, also of time prope accessit)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. sf. הֲדָפוֹ Nu 35:22 Je 46:15; 1 s. sf. וַהֲדַפְתִּיךָ consec. Is 22:19; Impf. 3 ms. יֶהְדֹּף Pr 10:3; sf. 3 ms. יֶהְדֳּפֶנּוּ Nu 35:20; sf. 3 mpl. יֶהְדֳּפֵם Jos 23:5; 3 mpl. sf. יֶהְדְּפֻהוּ Jb 18:18; 2 mpl. תֶּהְדֹּ֑פוּ Ez 34:21; Inf. הֲדֹף Dt 6:19; 9:4; sf. הָדְפָהּ 2 K 4:27;— 1. thrust, push, subj. man, sq. acc. Nu 35:20, 22 (here fatally); subj. cattle, fig. of men, Ez 34:21 (instr. בְּכָתֵף; ‖ נָגַח); push away 2 K 4:27 (Gehazi, the Shunammite); thrust away (from oneself) fig. = reject, הַוַּת רְשָׁעִים Pr 10:3 (subj. י׳). 2. thrust out, drive out, sq. מִן of place whence & acc. pers.; of י׳ driving out enemies of Isr. from Canaan Dt 6:19; 9:4 Jos 23:5; cf. also indef. subj. יֶהְדְּפֻהוּ מֵאוֹר אֶל־חֹשֶׁךְ Jb 18:18 (‖ וּמִתֵּבֵל יְנִדֻּהוּ); & Je 46:15 (where no pl. whence). Hence 3. = depose Is 22:19 of י׳ deposing Shebna (sq. מִן of station).

† [נָגַר] vb. pour, flow, run (Aramaic ܢܓܰܪ be long (of time), Aph. prolong, protract; נְגַר endure, flow, stream);— Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִגְּרָה ψ 77:3; La 3:49; Pt. pl. נִגָּרִים 2 S 14:14; נִגָּרוֹת Jb 20:28;— 1. be poured, spilt, 2 S 14:14 (כַּמַּיִם הַנִּגָּרים אַרְצָה in sim. of mortality). 2. pour oneself, flow, trickle, of eye (in tears) La 3:49. 3. fig. vanish, Jb 20:28 (‖ גָּלָה). 4. be stretched out (?) יָדִי לַיְלָה נִגְּרָה ψ 77:3 (or read עֵינִי?). Hiph. Pf. וְהִגַּרְתִּ֫י Mi 1:6; Impf. וַיַּגֵּר ψ 75:9; וַתַּגֵּר Ez 35:5; יַגִּירֻ֫הוּ ψ 63:11; Imv. sf. הַגִּרֵם Je 18:21;—pour down, hurl down the stones of Samaria, subj. י׳ Mi 1:6; pour out, fig. of י׳’s wine-cup, ψ 75:9; sq. עַל־יְדֵי חֶ֫רֶב = deliver over to Je 18:21 ψ 63:11; Ez 35:5. Hoph. Pt. כְּמַיִם מֻגָּרִים בְּמוֹרָד Mi 1:4 in sim., of mountains melting at theophany.

† II. פָּרַח vb. break out, of leprosy and like eruptions (in P) (usually taken as = I. פ׳. but dub.; NH id., also decay, ferment VogelstLandwirthschaft 22; Syriac ܦܪܰܚ spread, of leprosy, etc.; NS. ܦܵܪܘ̇ܚܬܵܐ leprous spots)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Lv 13:39 (of פֹּהַק), וּפ׳ consec. 14:43 (of נֶגַע); of צָרַעַת, 3 fs. פָּרָ֑חָה 13:20, 25, also Impf. 3 fs. + Inf. abs. פָּרוֹחַ תִּפְרַח v 12, and Pt. f. פֹּרַחַת v 42, 57; of שְׁחִין Pt. m. פֹּרֵחַ Ex 9:9, 10.

ἐκφέρω, future ἐξοίσω Refs 5th c.BC+aorist ἐξήνεικα:—passive, ἐξοισθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+future middle ἐξοίσομαι in passive sense, Refs 5th c.BC+:— carry out of, τινὰ πολέμοιο Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 carry out a corpse for burial, ἐξέφερον θρασὺν Ἕκτορα δάκρυ χέοντες Refs 8th c.BC+; also, cause death, εἰ ὑπερβάλλουσιν ἀλγηδόνες, ἐξοίσουσι Refs 3rd c.AD+ __3 carry away, τρί᾽ ἄλεισα Refs 8th c.BC+; carry off as prize or reward, ἄεθλον Refs 8th c.BC+ —more frequently in middle, τὠυτὸ (of a victory) ἐξενείκασθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; κλέος, δόξαν, Refs 5th c.BC+; accomplish, Refs 4th c.BC+ __4 carry ashore, ἐπὶ Ταίναρον Refs 5th c.BC+; cast ashore, πόντου νιν ἐξήνεγκε.. κλύδων Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, with future middle, come to land, be cast ashore, ἐς τοὺς ἑωυτῶν ἐξοίσονται Hdt.Refs 5th c.BC+ __II bring forth, in various senses: __II.1 of women, ={φέρειν μέχρι τέλους}, bring to the birth, Refs 5th c.BC+; of plants, bear seed, Refs; of the ground, bear fruit, Δήμητρος καρπὸν ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 bring about, accomplish, μισθοῖο τέλος Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, διὰ ἀνοήτων οὐδὲν ἂν καλῶς ἐξενεχθείη Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3 publish, deliver, χρηστήριον Refs 5th c.BC+; of public measures, refer, ἐξενεῖκαι ἐς τὸν δῆμον Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. προβούλευμα εἰς τὸν δῆμον bring a project of law before the people, Refs 4th c.BC+ (so in middle, ἐκφέρεσθαι προβούλευμα εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν Refs 4th c.BC+: absolutely, frequently in Attic dialect Inscrr., ἡ δὲ βουλὴ ἐς τὸν δῆμον ἐξενεγκέτω ἐπάναγκες Refs; of authors, publish a work, Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, ἐκφέρεσθαι γνώμην declare one's opinion, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, εἰς Ἕλληνας ἐξοισθήσεται Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 produce, exhibit, Refs 5th c.BC+; display, δείγματα εἰς φῶς Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 disclose, τι πρὸς τὸν μάγον Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν ἀπάτηνRefs __II.6 put forth, exert, δύνασιν Refs 5th c.BC+:—and in middle, μέγα τι σθένος ἁ Κύπρις ἐκφέρεται νίκας Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.7 ἐ. πόλεμον begin war, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.8 show the marks of, betray, reproduce, ἐκφέρουσι γὰρ μητρῷ᾽ ὀνείδη Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.9 ὅρον ἐ. produce a definition, Refs 4th c.BC+; express, διάνοιαν Refs 1st c.BC+; 'word' a sentence, Refs 1st c.BC+; utter, Refs 4th c.BC+; cite, adduce, Refs; πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ἐ. soliloquize, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.9.b pronounce, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.10 pay as indemnity, δισχίλια τάλαντα Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.10.b passive, of words, to be formed, κατὰ μίμησιν Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.11 exact, ἀργύριον LXX __III passive, to be carried beyond bounds, ἔξω ὅρων ἐξενεχθὲν ἀκόντιον Refs 5th c.BC+: mostly metaphorically, to be carried away by passion, ἀπαιδευσίᾳ ὀργῆς Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸς ὀργὴν ἐκφέρει givest way to passion, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. πρὸς αἰδῶ is inclined to feel respect, Refs 5th c.BC+; πάθος defined as ὁρμὴ ἐκφερομένη καὶ ἀπειθὴς λόγῳ Refs:—later in active, [θυμὸς] ἐ. τινὰ τοῦ λογισμοῦ Refs 2nd c.AD+ __IV bring to one's end, bring on to the trail, εὖ δέ σ᾽ ἐκφέρει.. βάσις Refs 5th c.BC+; κινδυνεύει ὥσπερ ἀτραπός [τις] ἐκφέρειν ἡμᾶς [ἐν τῇ σκέψει] Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, ἐξηνέχθην εἰς ἅπερ Πρωταγόρας λέγει Refs 5th c.BC+ __V intransitive (i.e. ἑαυτόν) shoot forth (before the rest), ὦκα δ᾽ ἔπειτα αἱ Φηρητιάδαο.. ἔκφερον ἵπποι· τὰς δὲ μέτ᾽ ἐξέφερον Διομήδεος.. ἵπποι Refs 8th c.BC+; also, to run away, Refs 5th c.BC+ __V.2 come to fulfilment, ὁρᾷς τὰ τοῦδε.. ὡς ἐς ὀρθὸν ἐκφέρει μαντεύμᾰτα Refs 5th c.BC+; come to an end, Refs

† [קִיא NöZMG xxxvii (1883), 539] vb. vomit up, spue out, disgorge (NH id., Hiph.; Assyrian ḳâʾu, spit MeissnSuppl. 83; Arabic قَاءَ vomit; Ethiopic [[ቀይአ

† נָשַׁל vb. 1. intrans. slip or drop off; also trans.: 2. draw off. 3. clear away (NH נָשַׁל prob. intrans., Qal not used, but n. נְשִׁילָה a falling off, etc.; Pi. Hiph. cast off, let fall off, Niph. be cast off, fall off; 𝔗 Aph. אַשֵּׁיל cast out (from house); Arabic نَسَلَ excidit pluma etc.; but also trans., avis mutavit rejecitque plumas (Frey);—نَشَلَ celeriter extraxit, etc., is denom. from loan-word according to Frä 88);— Qal Pf. וְנָשַׁל consec. Dt 7:1 + 2 times; Impf. 3 ms. יִשַּׁל Dt 28:40; Imv. ms. שַׁל Ex 3:5 Jos 5:15;— 1. slip or drop off, וְנָשַׁל הַבַּרְזֶל מִן־הָעֵץ Dt 19:5 and the iron slippeth off from the wood (i.e. axe-head from helve); יִשַּׁל זֵיתֶ֑ךָ Dt 28:40 thine olives shall drop off (abs.). 2. draw off sandal from (מֵעַל) foot Ex 3:5 (E), Jos 5:15 (JE). 3. clear away nations מִפָּנֶיךָ Dt 7:1, 22. Pi. Impf. 3 ms. וַיְנַשֵּׁל 2 K 16:6 he cleared the Jews entirely out of (מִן) Elath.

† [גִּיחַ, גּוּחַ] vb. burst forth (cf. NöZMG 1883, 538; NH id., Aramaic id., and ܓܳܚ; Ethiopic ጎሐ break forth, of light, etc.)— Qal impf. יָגִיחַ Jb 40:23, 2 ms. וַתָּ֫גַח Ez 32:2; Imv. fs. גֹּ֫חִי Mi 4:10; Inf. sf. (בְּ)גִיחוֹ Jb 38:8; Pt. sf. גֹּחִ֫י ψ 22:10 (but cf. infr.);— 1. intrans. burst forth, of dashing river (a very Jordan) Jb 40:23; of sea fig. as babe from womb Jb 38:8; 2. trans. a. draw forth from womb (subj. י׳) ψ 22:10 (where read גָּחִ֫י pt. from גּוּחַ, or regard גֹּחִי as metapl., as if from גחה? v. De & Checrit. note) cf. ψ 71:6; also b. thrust forth, bring forth, fig. of travail, applied to Jerusalem in distress Mi 4:10 (cf. Sta§ 599 b Köf. 505); burst forth with rivers (fig. of Pharaoh under image of תַּנִּים) Ez 32:2, but for בנהרותיך (rivers) read prob. בִּנְהִרוֹתֶיךָ Jb 41:12 (nostrils), i.e. snort with thy nostrils, so Ew Co Hi. rather ‘break forth (with that which is to be born),’ but text dub. Hi pt. מֵגִיחַ of troops burst forth Ju 20:33.

† [נָקַר] vb. bore, pick, dig (NH id., Aramaic נְקַר, ܢܩܰܪ id.; Arabic نَقَرَ perforate, bore out, hollow out Lane2838; Ethiopic ነቈረ be one-eyed Di645);— Qal Impf. 3 mpl. sf. יִקְּרוּהָ Pr 30:17; Inf. נְקוֹר 1 S 11:2, both of boring, or picking out eye (acc.). Pi. Impf. 2 ms. תְּנַקֵּר Nu 16:14 (JE), 3 mpl. וַיְנַקְּרוּ Ju 16:21 both of boring out eyes (acc.); Pf. 3 ms. נִקַּר Jb 30:17 he (or it, i.e. the night) boreth my bones מֵעָלָ֑י (of effects of elephantiasis; Bu reads נֻקַּר). Pu. Pf. 2 mpl. נֻקַּרְתֶּם Is 51:1 the quarry (from wh.) ye were digged.

† [שָׁטַח] vb. spread, spread abroad (NH id.; Arabic سَطَحَ spread out; so Ethiopic ሰጥሐ: Aramaic שְׁטַח, ܫܛܰܚ );— Qal Pf. 3 pl. sf. consec. וּשְׁטָחוּם לַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Je 8:2 they shall spread them abroad, etc., acc. of many separate things, so Impf. 3 fs. וַתִּשְׁטַח 2 S 17:19 (עַל loc.; disting. from פָּרַשׂ spread covering); 3 mpl. + Inf. abs. וַיִּשְׁטְחוּ לָהֶם שָׁטוֹחַ Nu 11:32 (J) they spread (sc. the quails) for themselves all abroad round about the camp (i.e. to dry them; 𝔙 siccaverunt; cf. Di Gray); Pt. שֹׁטֵחַ לַגּוֹיִם Jb 12:23 expanding the nations (cf. ל 3 b). Pi. Pf. 1 s. שִׁטַּחְתִּי אֵלֶיךָ כַפָּ֑י ψ 88:10 I have spread out unto thee my palms.

† תָּאַר vb. appar. incline (perhaps akin to תּוּר Thes; > Buhl denom. from תֹּאַר, q.v.);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ת׳, subj. boundary: Jos 18:14, c. ה loc. 15:9b, 11; c. מִן … עַל v 9a; c. מִן only, 18:17; prob. also c. acc. loc. 19:13 (read רִמּ֫וֹנָה וְתָאַר הַנֵּעָה to Rimmon, and it inclined to Neʿa Di Steuern Benn al.). Vid. also [תֹּ֫אַר" dir="rtl" >תָּאַר] Pi. infr.

† [בָּלֶה] adj. worn out; f. בָּלָה Ez 23:43 (of a woman, cf. Gn 18:12 supr.); pl. בָּלִים Jos 9:4 (sacks), v 4 (wine-skins), בָּלוֹת v 5 (sandals), v 5 (garments).

† [בְּקַר] vb. Pa. inquire, seek (only Ezr) (𝔗 Syriac; v. BH);—Pf. 3 mpl. בַּקַּ֫רוּ 4:19; 6:1; Impf. 3 ms. יְבַקַּר 4:15; Inf. לְבַקָּרָה 7:14;—inquire, c. עַל (rei) concerning 7:14; c. subj. indef., = pass., 4:19 search was made, so 6:1, 4:15. Hithpa. Impf. 3 ms. יִתְבַּקַּר 5:17, impers., let search be made.

† [חָבֵט] vb. beat off, beat out (NH id., strike, beat, Arabic خَبَط, Aramaic ܚܒܰܛ, חֲבַט)— Qal Impf. יַחְבֹּט Is 27:12; 3 fs. וַתַּחְבֹּט Ru 2:17; 2 ms. תַּחְבֹּט Dt 24:20; Pt. חֹבֵט Ju 6:11;— 1. beat off, זֵיתְךָ Dt 24:20. 2. beat out (grain), Gideon חֹבֵט חִטִּים בַּגַּת Ju 6:11, so Ru 2:17, of small quantities;—distinct from threshing on open floor, with cattle; fig. of י׳’s judgment, and subsequent gathering of Isr. Is 27:12 (no obj. expr.), so Che Di Du; Ges Hi Kn Brd place sub 1; VB undecided. Niph. Impf. יֵחָ֫בֶט Is. 28:27 fennel (קֶצַח) beaten out בַּמַּטֶּה.

† תֵּימָא n.pr.terr. et gent. (O Aramaic תימא Lzb 385; in Assyrian Têma DlPa 301 f. Schr KGF 261 ff.; = south country, √ ימא (cf. II. תֵּימָן according to NöEncy. Bib. ishmael);—ישְׁבֵי אֶרֶץ ת׳ Is 21:14, people Je 25:23; ת׳ ‘son’ of Ishmael Gn 25:15 ‖ 1 Ch 1:30; אָרְחוֹת תֵּמָא (l.אֹרְ׳) Jb 6:19; Θαιμαν. Mod. Teyma, NW. Arabia, DoughtyArab. Des. i, pass., especially 284–299 WilsonHast. DB tema, and on inscr. found there EutNab. Inschr. 35 CIS ii, No. 113.114 NöSBAk 1884, 813 f. HalRÉJ xii, 111 ff. Cooke 195 ff.

ἔξειμι, (εἰμί __B sum), only used in impersonal forms (see. ἔξεστι), except in αἰ ἐλεύθεροι μὴ ἐξεῖεν if [a woman] shall leave no free-born issue, Refs

ἔκβᾰσις, εως, ἡ, way out of, especially out of the sea, Refs 8th c.BC+; περὶ τὰς ἐκβάσεις about the landing-places, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __2 going out of, especially out of a ship, di embarkation, ἔ. στρατοῦ Refs 4th c.BC+ escape from.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 ={μετάβασις}, Arist Refs __4 end of a person's life, LXX: generally, termination, completion, ἐλαιουργίας Refs 1st c.AD+; accomplishment, τῶν ἔργων Refs 2nd c.AD+ __5 deviation, declension, departure, παρὰ [τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ] Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II issue, event, Refs 4th c.BC+; fulfilment of divination, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III emanation, procession, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __IV produce, ἐδαφῶν Refs 2nd c.AD+ __V digression, Refs 4th c.AD+

† [בְּלוֹא] n.[m.] worn out things, rags (Syriac ܒ̈ܠܳܝܶܐ id.) pl. cstr. בְּלֹויֵ Je 38:11(×2), בְּלוֹאֵי v 12.

† [גָּהַר] vb. bend, crouch (so Vrss)— Qal Impf. וַיִּגְהַר 1 K 18:42 sq. אַרְצָה Elijah, with face between knees; 2 K 4:34, 35 Elisha, over dead boy, sq. עליו (‖ וישׁכב v 34, cf. שׁכב).

† [יָשַׁט] vb. only Hiph. Impf. extend, hold out (late) (NH Hiph. id.; Aramaic Aph. אוֹשֵׁיט, ܐܰܘܫܶܛ id.;? Assyrian ašṭu, extended, mighty LyonSargontexte 60 DlHWB144; Arabic وَسَطَ is penetrate into the middle of)—יוֹשִׁיט שַׁרְבִיט הַזָּהָב לְ Est 4:11 hold out the golden sceptre to, so (וַיּ֫וֹשֶׁט) 5:2; 8:4.

ἐξωθ-έω, aorist 1 ἐξέωσα (see. below 11), thrust out, force out, ἐκ δ᾽ ὦσε γλήνην Refs 8th c.BC+; even by pulling, wrench out, ἐκ δ᾽ ἄρα οἱ μηροῦ δόρυ μείλινον ὦσε θύραζε Refs; displace, Refs 5th c.BC+; expel, eject, banish, γῆς τινά Refs 5th c.BC+; put away a wife, Refs 4th c.AD+; thrust back, τοὺς δίκῃ νικῶντας Refs 5th c.BC+; drive, τοὺς Αακεδαιμονίους ἐς τὰς ἁμάξας NT+5th c.BC+:—passive, ἐξωθέεσθαι ἐκ τῆς χώρης Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξωσθήσομαι εἰπεῖν shall be debarred from.., Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 ἐ. γλώσσας ὀδύναν put forth painful words, break forth into cruel words, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II drive out of the sea, drive on shore, τὰς ἄλλας [ναῦς] ἐξέωσαν πρὸς τὴν γῆν Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, πνεύμασιν ἐξωσθέντες Refs 5th c.BC+. (Late infinitive ἐξεοῦν Refs 6th c.AD+, present indicative passive ἐξεοῦται Refs

† [יָצִיא] adj. coming forth; only c. מִן and sf., ומיציאו מֵעָיו 2 Ch 32:21 Kt (וּמִיצִיאֵי Qr), and some of those who came forth from his loins (בניו in ‖ Is 37:38).

† I. [שָׁלַל] vb. draw out (Arabic سَلَّ draw, especially sword from scabbard, سَلِيلٌ drawn sword, new born child (cf. Frä 75, but also SchulthHom. Wurz. 80 f.); Talm. שָׁלִיל, 𝔗 שְׁלִילָא embryo or abortion);—Impf. 2 mpl. + Inf. abs. שֹׁל־תָּשֹׁלּוּ לָהּ מִן וגו׳ Ru 2:16 ye shall by all means draw out for her from the sheaves.

† [תָּאָה] vb. Pi. Impf. 3 mpl. תְּתָאוּ Nu 34:7, 8 appar. ye shall mark out (the boundary), but this (and הִתְאַוִּיתֶם v 10, √ אוה q.v.) very dub., v. Gray, and [תָּאַר].

† תָּ֑מַח n.pr.m. head of a Jewish family, Ezr 2:53=Ne 7:55; 𝔊 Θεμα (Ne Ημαθ), 𝔊L Θεμαα.

ἐκκομ-ίζω, carry or bring out, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially to a place of safety, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐκκομίζειν τινὰ ἐκ τοῦ μέλλοντος γίνεσθαι πρήγματος to keep him out of trouble, Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐσεκομίσαντο καὶ ἐξεκομίσαντο ἃ ἐβούλοντο, of those relieved from a state of siege, Refs: absolutely, remove, ἐς τοὺς Λοκρούς Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 especially carry out a corpse, bury, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __3 ἐ. σῖτον, of a horse, throw the provender out of the manger, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 carry home, ἄνδρας Refs __II endure to the end, τὸ πεπρωμένον Refs 5th c.BC+ __III middle, receive what is due, λόγους, ὀψώνια, Refs 3rd c.BC+

ἐκχωρ-έω, depart, ἐκ χώρας Refs; leave a country, emigrate, Refs 5th c.BC+; withdraw, ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας Refs 2nd c.BC+, etc.: metaphorically, ἐ. ἐκ τοῦ ζῆν Refs 2nd c.BC+ __2 slip out of, ἀστράγαλος ἐξεχώρησε ἐκ τῶν ἄρθρων Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 give way, retire, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. τινί τινος give way to a person in a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 impersonal of a motion of the bowels, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II transitive, give up, cede, τινί τι Refs 3rd c.BC+:—passive, Refs

κατασκοπ-έω, future -σκέψομαι: aorist -εσκεψάμην:— view closely, spy out, reconnoitre, κ. ὅποι.. Refs 5th c.BC+ reconnoitre, Aen. Tact.Refs 5th c.BC+; keep a look-out, of ships, Refs 2nd c.BC+ —middle, -Refs 6th c.BC+; inspect, Refs 2nd c.BC+; of a medical examination, Refs 2nd c.AD+

† II. [אָוָה] vb. sign, mark, describe with a mark (so Ges (who compares תאה, תוה) DlPr 116 (not W)) only Hithp. Pf. הִתְאַוִּיתֶם לָכֶם mark you out, measure, Nu 34:10 (P), so Vrss (cf. תְּתָאוּ לָכֶם v 7, 8; v. however Di, & sub I. אוה).—V. also [תָּאַר²" dir="rtl" >תָּאַר] on p. 1061.

† בּוּר vb. Qal Inf. cstr. לָבוּר Ec 9:1 (c. acc.); prob. (si vera l.) make clear, clear up, explain (VB; so sometimes, in NH ברר q.v.) but read perhaps וְלִבִּי רָאָה 𝔊 𝔖 Bi; or לָתוּר Gr, cf. 1:13; 2:3; 7:25.

† [יָבַב] vb. only Pi. cry shrilly (NH Pi. lament; Aramaic ܝܰܒܶܒ, יַבֵּב sound clarions, exult; Ethiopic የበበ especially I. 2)— Pi. Impf. 3 fs. וַתְּיַבֵּב Ju 5:28 through the windows she looked and shrilly cried.

† [יָפֵחַ] adj. breathing of puffing out, cstr. וִיפֵחַ חָמָס ψ 27:12 puffing out violence (cf. Che).

† [מוֹצָאָה] n.f. only pl.: a. Mi 5:1 מוֹצָאוֹתָיו (of future ruler out of Bethlehem), his origin. b. 2 K 10:27 Qr מוֹצָאוֹת places of going out to, i.e. a privy (cf. Arabic مَخْرَجٌ; Germ. Abtritt), euphemistically for Kt מַחֲרָאוֹת.

† [שָׂתַר] vb.Niph. burst or break out, of tumours (Arabic شَتَرَ have inverted, or cracked, eyelids, or lower lips; Ethiopic ሠተረ: lacerate; Assyrian [šatâru] ii. tear down; Syriac ܣܬܰܪ destroy, so Sab. שתר Sab. Denkm.No. 48, 1. 2, Biblical Aramaic סְתַר Ezr 5:12);— Niph. Impf. וַיִּשָּֽׂתְרוּ לָהֶם עפלים 1 S 5:9 and tumours brake out to them.