GUIDANCE_CARE

I. שָׁמַר465 vb. keep, watch, preserve (NH id.; Ph. שמר in n.pr. and (Pun.) = watchman; TelAm. šimiru is perhaps overseer (Canaanism), WklNo. 80, 1, 23; Mand. סמירא preserved NöM 46; cf. Arabic سَمَرَ converse by night, stay awake (v. LagBN 105); BaNB 175 f.; ES 43 infers from ܬܶܡܪܳܐ eyelid (cf. [שְׁמֻרָה] infr.), and Arabicثَمَلَ support, aid, protect (l = r), that two √ √ are combined in Heb.; but proof insuff.);— Qal425 Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Gn 37:11 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁמֹר 1 S 2:9 +, יִשְׁמָר־ Je 5:24 +, sf. 3 ms. יִשְׁמְרֶנּוּ Ex 21:29, 36; 3 fs. sf. תִּשְׁמוּרֵ֑ם Pr 14:3 (read תִּשְׁמְרוּם, v. Ges§ 47 g Toy), etc.; Imv. ms. שְׁמֹר Jb 2:6 +, שָׁמְרָה 1 Ch 29:18 +; mpl. שִׁמְרוּ Jos 6:18 +, etc.; Inf. abs. שָׁמוֹר Dt 5:12 +; cstr. שְׁמֹר Gn 3:24 +, sf. שָׁמְרָהּ 2:15, etc.; Pt. act. שֹׁמֵר 1 S 1:12 +, etc.; pass. שָׁמוּר Ec 5:12 (1 S 9:24 v. infr.), etc.;—[Synon. I. נָצַר, נָטַר, q.v.]: 1. a. keep, have charge of, garden Gn 2:15 (J), ark 1 S 7:1, property in trust Ex 22:6, 9 (E), cf. 1 S 25:21; tend flock Gn 30:31 (E), cf. Zc 3:7 Nu 3:8 (P); so perhaps (obj. om.) Ho 12:13 (where שׁ׳ chosen for parallelism Now Marti al.); Pt. הֲשֹׁמֵר אָחִי אָנֹ֑כִי Gn 4:9 (J), שׁ׳ of sheep 1 S 17:20, שׁ׳ הַכֵּלִים v 22, שׁ׳ הַבְּגָדִים 2 K 22:14 2 Ch 34:22, שׁ׳ הַנָּשִׁים Est 2:3, 8, 15, cf. v 14, etc. b. keep, guard, captives Jos 10:18 (J), 1 K 20:39, דֶּרֶךְ Gn 3:24 (J); keep watch and ward, אֶל pers. over whom 1 S 26:15 (ψ 59:10 v. 3 end), עַל pers. v 16 Pr 6:22; בַּנַּעַר 2 S 18:12 have a care of (read לִי for מִי 𝔊), cf. 2 K 9:14; in hostile sense, אֶל הָעִיר (in siege) 2 S 11:16, עַל חַטָּאתִי Jb 14:16 (but read תַּעֲבֹר c. 𝔊 Ew Di Du al. [not Hi Bu]); abs. c. מֵעַל Ec 5:7 watcheth above, etc. (v. p. 759 a d); keep one’s mouth, be prudent of speech †Pr 21:23, cf. Mi 7:5; keep = protect, save, one’s life, נֶפֶשׁ †Pr 13:3; 16:17; 19:16; 22:5, another’s Jb 2:6; in Pr, acc. pers., subj. wisdom, 4:6 she shall preserve thee, cf. (+ מִן of evil) 6:24; 7:5; especially Pt. watch, watchman, of city Is 21:11(×2), 12; 62:5 (fig.), Ct 3:3; 5:7(×2) ψ 127:1; שׁ׳ הַסַּף (in temple) Je 35:4 + (v. סַף), הַשּׁ׳ פֶּתַח בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ 1 K 14:27 = 2 Ch 12:10, שׁ׳ הַשְּׁעָרִים Ne 13:22, שֹׁמְרֵי הַבַּיִת (fig.) Ec 12:3; שׁ׳ הַבַּיִת keep the house (of David’s concubines) †2 S 15:16; 16:21; 20:3; שֹׁמֵר הַכֵּלִים 1 S 17:22, שׁ׳ הַבְּגָדִים 2 K 22:14, שׁ׳ הַפַּרְדֵּס Ne 2:8, שׁ׳ הַנָּשִׁים Est 2:3, 14, 15, שֹׁמְרִים abs. Ju 7:19 Je 51:12. c. hence watch for, wait for, acc. pers. 1 S 19:11 (to kill him), cf. ψ 59:1 (title; acc. הַבַּיִת); c. עֲקֵבַי ψ 56:7 = dog my steps, 71:10 Je 20:10; = watch (suspiciously) Jb 10:14; 13:27; 33:11; abs. הַשֹּׁמְרִים Ju 1:24; wait for, נֶשֶׁף Jb 24:15, לַבֹּקֶר ψ 130:6(×2). d. watch, observe, acc. rei 1 S 1:12 Ec 11:4 Jb 39:1 Je 8:7 (of birds), with intelligence Is 42:20 ψ 107:43; acc. pers. 37:37 (‖ ראה), Zc 11:11; acc. of sin ψ 31:7; 130:3; acc. rei, for the purpose of avoiding, 17:4. 2. a. keep, retain, of storing up (food) Gn 41:35 (E); abs. Ec 3:6 (opp. הִשְׁלִיךְ); treasure up (in memory) Gn 37:11 (E), cf. Mal 2:7 1 Ch 29:18 Pr 4:21 (בְּתוֹךְ לְבָבֶ֑ךָ), 22:18 (בְּבִטְנֶ֑ךָ); retain wrath Am 1:11 (read שָׁמַר לָנֶצַח We Now GASm Marti; v. also נָטַר 1) + (anger om.) Je 3:5 (‖ נטר). b. keep within bounds, restrain, obj. שׁוֹר Ex 21:29, 36 (E); c. acc. hand, מִן of evil Is 56:2; fig. keep thy foot, c. cl. temp. Ec. 4:17; אֶשׁ׳־לְפִי מַחְסוֹם ψ (39:2 𝔊 Du al. אָשִׂימָה); appar. reflex. (= Niph.), †Jos 6:18 (+ מִן־הַחֵרֶם), poss. sc. נַפְשְׁכֶם Di. 3. a. observe, celebrate, acc. of festival, etc., Ex 23:15 (E), 34:18 (J), 12:17, of day v 17 (P), of month Dt 16:1. b. keep sabbath †Dt 5:12 Lv 19:3, 30; 26:2 (all H), Ex 31:13, 14, 16 (P), Is 56:4, also (+ מֵחַלְּלוֹ) v 2, 6. c. of other obligations: keep covenant Ez 17:14, especially covenant of י׳ Dt 29:8; 1 K 11:11 + 5 times, שְׁבֻעַת י׳ 1 K 2:43, perform vow Dt 23:24; keep commands Je 35:18; Ez 20:18; especially מִצְוֹת, חֻקִּים, עֲבֹדָה, etc., of י׳ (sometimes ‖ נצר), Ex 20:6 = Dt 5:10; Am 2:4; 1 K 2:3 ψ 119:8, 17, 34 + very often (c. 120 times); שׁ׳ דֶּרֶךְ י׳ Gn 18:19 (J) + 4 times, דַּרְכֵי י׳ 2 S 22:22 = ψ 18:22, ד׳ י׳ om. Ju 2:22b; שׁ׳ אָרְחוֹת צַדִּיקִים Pr 2:20 (‖ תֵּלֵךְ בְּדֶרֶךְ טוֹבִים), שׁ׳ דְּרָכַי (ways of wisdom) 8:32 (ψ 17:4 v. 1 d); keep, discharge an office, כְּהֻנָּה Nu 3:10; 18:7 (both P), abs. 2 Ch 5:11; a function or duty, especially שׁ׳ מִשְׁמֶרֶת Lv 8:35; Nu 1:53 + c. 32 times (v. מ׳ infr.); acc. of obligation often om., especially D (and RD) keep and do Dt 4:6; 7:12 + 8 times; to do 5:1, 29 + 16 times D + 3 times, etc. d. observe = follow dictates of (prudence, justice, kindness, wisdom) Ho 12:7 (חֶסֶד וּמִשְׁפָּט), Is 56:1; Pr 4:4; 5:2; 7:1, 2; bad sense, observe vanities ψ 31:7.—Doubtful are: לִשְׁמֹר abs. Ho 4:10, very strange (conj. in We Now Marti); שָׁמוּר 1 S 9:24, HPS אֵחַרְנוּ, cf. Now BuComm.; ψ 59:10 read עֻוִּי אֵלֶיךָ אֲוַמֵּ֑רָה (as v 18, 𝔖 Che Bae). 4. sometimes י׳ subj.: a. keep, preserve, protect, acc. pers., + ב of way, etc., Gn 28:15, 20 (J), Ex 23:20 (E; of מַלְאָךְ), ψ 91:11 (מ׳), Jos 24:17 (E); acc. pers. (or נפשׁ) only: 1 S 30:23; Je 31:9; Nu 6:24 (P), Jb 29:2 ψ 16:1 + 10 times ψψ; + מִן ψ 121:7 + 2 times; acc. רַגְלַי 1 S 2:9, cf. Pr 3:26 (מִן); Pt. שֹׁמְרֶ֑ךָ ψ 121:3, 5, cf. v 4, etc.; acc. of city 127:1. b. c. acc. בְּרִית, ל pers. Dt 7:12, + חֶסֶד v 7 + 5 times, הַשּׁ׳ אֱמֶת לְעוֹלָם ψ 146:6; הַשְּׁבֻעָה Dt 7:8, etc.; pass. of covenant (י׳ agent) עֲרוּכָה בַכֹּל וּשְׁמֻרָה 2 S 23:5 (legal terminology, Dr). 5. keep, reserve, weeks of harvest Je 5:24 (ל pers.). Niph.36 Pf. 3 ms. נִשְׁמַר 2 S 20:10, etc.; Impf. 3 fs. תִּשָּׁמֵר Ju 13:13; 2 mpl. תִּשָּׁמִ֑רוּ Ex 23:13; Imv. ms. הִשָּׁמֵר Is 7:4 (לְךָ) הִשָּׁ֫מֶר Gn 24:6 +; fs. הִשָּֽׁמְרִי Ju 13:4, etc.;— 1. be on one’s guard, c. בַּחֶרֶב 2 S 20:10 by reason of the sword, i.e. against it; c. ב temp. 1 S 19:2, שָׁם 2 K 6:10; take heed Ex 23:13 (E) Dt 2:4; c. מִן pers. Ex 23:21 (E), Je 9:3; מִן rei Ju 13:13; Dt 23:10; מִן inf. take care not to, etc. Gn 31:29 (E), 2 K 6:9; inf. without מִן Ex 19:12 (J), but read prob. מֵעֲלוֹת; sq. פֶּן lest Gn 24:6 (J) + 11 times (especially Dt); c. (וְ)אַל juss. Ex 10:28 (J), Ju 13:4; Jb 36:21, c. Imv. coörd. Is 7:4.—Very often Imv. (24 times), especially in phr. הִשָּׁמֶר־לְךָ (12 times), הִשָּׁמְרוּ לִכֶם (3 times); + לְנַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם Dt 4:15; Jos 23:11 (RD; + inf.); + בְּנַפ׳ Je 17:21 appar. ב pret. on peril of your life (cf. ב III. 3 a), so perhaps also בְּרוּחֲכֶם Mal 2:15, 16 (We Now). †2. keep oneself, refrain, abstain, מֵאִשָּׁה 1 S 21:5. †3. be kept, guarded, Ho 12:14 (cf. שׁ׳ of Jacob v 13); be preserved (by י׳) ψ 37:28 (לִעוֹלָם), but read prob. נִשְׁמָ֑דוּ (לְעוֹלָם) עַוָּלִים Hup-Ri (Now) Che Bae Du Dr. †Pi. Pt. pl. מְשַׁמְּרִים הַבְלֵי־שָׁוְא Jon 2:9 those paying regard to false vanities (cf. Qal ψ 31:7). †Hithp. Impf. 1 s. וָאֶשְׁתַּמֵּר מֵעֲוֹנִי ψ 18:24 I kept myself from, etc. = 2 S 22:24 (vb. cohort.); 3 ms. וְיִשְׁתַּמֵּר חֻקּוֹת עָמְרִי Mi 6:16, but read וְתִשְׁמֹר thou keepest, observest, We Now GASm.

עָבַד290 vb. work, serve (Old Aramaic עבד do, make, especially Nab. Palm. (often), Lzb331 f. Cook86, so 𝔗 עֲבַד, Syriac ܥܒܰܕ (very often); but also Old Aramaic Ph. עבד slave, vassal (and in many n.pr.), 𝔗 עַבְדָּא, Syriac ܥܰܒܕܳܐ id.; Assyrian abdu, id. (rare); NH עָבַד serve, perform acts of worship (c. acc. cogn.), and deriv.; Arabic عَبَدَ worship, obey (God); cf. WeSkizzen iii. 165; Heid. 141, ii. enslave; عَبْدٌ slave, worshipper; Sab. עבד id. DHMSudar. Alt. p. 18; GerberVerb. Denom.14 ff. thinks be slave, serve (Qal) and enslave (Hiph.) are denom., cf. also NöZMG xi (1886), 741);— Qal272 Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ Ez 29:18 +; sf. עֲבָדוֹ Mal 3:18 +; 3 mpl. עָֽבְדוּ Dt 7:4; עָבָ֑דוּ Nu 4:26, + 64 times Pf.; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲבֹד Gn 25:23 +; sf. יַעַבְדֵ֫נִי Ex 4:23; יַעַבְדֶ֫נּוּ ψ 22:31 2 K 10:18; 3 mpl. יַעַבְדוּ Dt 12:30 +; יַעֲבֹ֑דוּ Gn 15:14 (Dr§ 103) Jb 36:11; 2 mpl. תַּעַבְדוּן Ex 3:12, תַּעֲבֹד֑וּן Jos 24:15, + 99 times Impf.; (תָּעָבְדֵם, נָֽעָבְדֵם v. Hoph.); Imv. עֲבֹד 1 S 26:19; sf. עָבְדֵהוּ 1 Ch 28:9; עִבְדוּ Ex 5:18 + 15 times; עֲבֹ֑דוּ Ez 20:39; sf. עִבְדֻהוּ 1 S 7:3; Inf. cstr. עֲבֹד Mal 3:14 +; עֲבָד־ Je 34:9, 10; sf. עָבְדוֹ Je 27:6 +, etc.; Pt. עֹבֵד Gn 4:2 +; pl. עֹבְדִים Nu 18:21 +; cstr. עֹבְדֵי ψ 97:7 +; sf. עֹבְדָיו 2 K 10:19; עֹבְדֵיהֶם Zc 2:13;— †1. labour, work, do work: abs. Ex 20:9 = 34:21 = Dt 5:13 (4th word); Ex 5:18 (E) Ec 5:11; c. acc. rei, till the ground Gn 2:5; 3:23; 4:2, 12 (J), 2 S 9:10; Is 30:24; Je 27:11; Zc 13:5; Pr 12:11; 28:19; obj. om. Dt 15:19; Ez 48:19; vineyard Dt 28:39; garden Gn 2:15 (J); עֹבְדֵי פִשְׁתִּים Is 19:9 workers in flax; עֹבְדֵ(י) הָעִיר Ez 48:18, 19 labourers of the city; ע׳ עֲבֹדָתוֹ Is 28:21 work his work (only here of God, ‖ עשׂה מַעֲשֵׂהוּ); ע׳ עבדה על Ez 29:18 serve a military service against. †2. work for another, serve him by labour: abs. Ex 21:2 (E); c. acc. pers. Gn 29:15; 31:6; Ex 21:6 (E) Dt 15:12, 18; Mal 3:17; Je 34:14, king his people 1 K 12:7; subj. animals Je 27:6; Jb 39:9; c. acc. pers. et rei Gn 30:26(×2), 29 (J); c. לְ pers. 2 S 16:19; עִם Gn 29:25, 30 (E) Lv 25:40 (P); עִמָּדִי Gn 29:27 (E); לִפְנֵי 2 S 16:19(×2); c. בְּ of price Gn 29:18, 20, 25; 31:41 (E) Ho 12:13; Ez 29:20; c. בְּ pers. work by means of another, use him as slave, Ex 1:14; Lv 25:39, 46 (P) Je 22:13; 30:8; 34:9, 10; cf. Dt 15:19. 3. serve as subjects: usually c. acc., their own rulers Ju 9:28(×2), 38 1 S 11:1; 1 K 5:1 +; other kings, by tribute ψ 18:44 = 2 S 22:44; Je 27:7; 28:14; 2 K 25:24 +, other nations 2 S 10:19; Je 40:9; Zc 2:13 +, kings other kings 2 K 18:7 +, c. לְ, 1 S 4:9(×2); †מַס עֹבֵד Gn 49:15 (J) Jos 16:10; 1 K 9:21 (see מַס); †c. בְּ pers., work with, i.e. use as subjects, impose tribute upon, Je 25:14; 27:7; Ez 34:27. 4. serve God: a. c. acc. י׳, Ex 3:12; 4:23; 7:16, 26 (JE), ψ 22:31; Jb 21:15; Mal 3:14 +; c. acc. pers. et rei Ex 10:26 (E); acc. pers. om., Je 2:20 (read אֶעֱבוֹד Kt), עבד זבח ומנחה Is 19:21 serve with peace-offering and grain-offering; עבד עֲבֹדָה Ex 13:5 (of מַצֹּת). b. other gods, c. acc. א׳ †Dt 7:16; 12:2, 30 †; אלהים אחרים 7:4; 8:19; 11:16; 13:7, 14; 17:3; 28:14, 36, 64; 29:25; 30:17; 31:20; Jos 23:16; 24:2, 16; Ju 2:19; 10:13; 1 S 8:8; 26:19; 1 K 9:6, 9; 2 K 17:35; 2 Ch 7:19, 22; Je 11:10; 13:10; 16:11, 13; 22:9; 25:6; 35:15 (all D and Je); אֱלֹהֵי הַגּוֹיִם Dt 29:17; זָרִים Je 5:19; ��כל צבא השׁמים Dt 4:19; 2 K 21:3; 2 Ch 33:3; Je 8:2; †הבעל(ים) Ju 2:11; 3:7; 10:6, 10; 1 S 12:10; 1 K 16:31; 22:54; 2 K 10:18(×2), 19(×2), 21, 22, 23(×2); 17:16; †אלהי נֵכָר Jos 24:20; Je 5:19; †(הַ)גִּלּוּלִים 2 K 17:12; 21:21(×2) Ez 20:39; †האשׁרים 2 Ch 24:18; עצבים ψ 106:36; †פסיל(ים) 2 Ch 33:22; 2 K 17:41; פסל ψ 97:7; c. לְ, †לבעל Ju 2:13; †לאלהים אחרים Je 44:3. 5. serve י׳ with Levitical service (all P; cf. RSSem i. 69): c. acc. עבד עֲבֹדָה (v. עֲבֹדָה) Nu 3:7, 8; 4:23, 30, 47; 7:5; 8:11, 19, 22, 26; 16:9; 18:6, 21, 23; Jos 22:27; acc. om. Nu 4:24, 26, 37, 41; 8:15 (but Sam 𝔊 עבדה), v 25 18:7. †Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נֶעְבָּ֑ד Ec 5:8; 2 mpl. נֶעֱבַדְתֶּם Ez 36:9; Impf. 3 ms. יֵעָבֵד Dt 21:4; 3 fs. תֵּעָבֵד Ez 36:34;— 1. be tilled, of land Dt 21:4; Ez 36:9, 34. 2. Ec 5:8 מֶלָךְ לְשָׂדֶה נֶעְבָּ֑ד dub.: a king for (devoted to) the cultivated field (Hi); a king that maketh himself servant to the field (devoted to agriculture), De: v. Comm., especially De. †Pual Pf. 3 ms. עֻבַּד Dt 21:3; Is 14:3; pass. of Qal, c. בְּ: impers. Dt 21:3 of a calf with which it has not been worked; hard service with which it was worked with captives Is 14:3. †Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֶעֱבִיד Ez 29:18; 2 ms. sf. הֶעֱבַדְתַּ֫נִי Is 43:24, הֶעֱבַדְתִּיךָ v 23, וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ Je 17:4 Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּעֲבֵד 2 Ch 34:33; 3 mpl. יַעֲבִדוּ Ex 1:13; Inf. cstr. הַעֲבִיד 2 Ch 2:17; Pt. pl. מַעֲבִדִים Ex 6:5;— 1. compel to labour as slaves Ex 1:13; 6:5 (P) 2 Ch 2:17, + Gn 47:21 (reading הֶעֱבִיד לַעֲבָדִים), 2 S 12:31 (reading וְהֶעֱבִיד, + בְּ at; on both these v. עבר Hiph. ad fin.); cause to serve, of army’s service against, c. acc. + (על)אל Ez 29:18; cause to labour, weary, c. בְּ of means Is 43:23, 24 (perhaps play on meanings2, 3). 2. make to serve as subjects, c. 2 acc. Je 17:4, + Je 15:14 (read וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ, v. עבר Hiph. ad fin.). 3. cause to serve God 2 Ch 34:33. Hoph. Impf. 2 ms. sf. תָּֽעָבְדֵם Ex 20:5 = Dt 5:9; Ex 23:24; 1 pl. sf. נָֽעָבְדֵם Dt 13:3 (Köi. 259 Sta§ 549 g Thes; Marg. 12 f. Qal anom. pointed (cf. WAG. ed. 2, i. 62 n. Fl Kl. Schr. i. 98); Ges§ 60, R. 1 Dr Qal falsely pointed as Hoph.);—be led or enticed to serve other gods Ex 20:5 = Dt 5:9; Ex 23:24; Dt 13:3.

μᾰθητ-ής, οῦ, ὁ, learner, pupil, τῆς Ἑλλάδος Refs 5th c.BC+; of dancing, Refs 4th c.BC+: frequently in Attic dialect of the pupils of philosophers and rhetoricians, οὐ θέμις πλὴν τοῖς μ. λέγειν Refs 5th c.BC+ with genitive _of things_, τούτου τοῦ μαθήματος μ. a studentofit, Refs; μ. ἰατρικῆς a student of medicine,Refs; apprentice, Refs 2nd c.AD+

I. עָזַב213 vb. leave, forsake, loose (NH id. (rare); Arabic عَرَبَ be remote, absent, depart, Assyrian ezêbu, leave, Shaph. ušezib, rescue, cf. Biblical Aramaic שֵׁיזֵב;—Ethiopic ማዕሰብ widowed Di 973);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ Gn 24:27 +, sf. עֲזָבַנִי Is 49:14 ψ 38:11; 3 fs. עָזָבָ֑ה Ez 23:8; 1 s. sf. עֲזַבְתִּיךְ Is 54:7; 2 fpl. עֲזַבְתֶּן Ex 2:20, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲזֹב Is 55:7 +, יַעֲזָב־ Gn 2:24, sf. 1 s. וַיַּעַזְבֵנִי 1 S 30:13, etc.; Imv. עֲזֹב ψ 37:8, עָזְבָה Je 49:11, עִזְבוּ Je 48:28; Pr 9:6, etc.; Inf. abs. עָזוֹב Je 14:5, עָזֹב Ex 23:5; cstr. עֲזֹב Gn 44:22 +, sf. עָזְבֵךְ Je 2:17 +, etc.; Pt. act. עֹזֵב Pr 10:17 +, cstr. עֹזְבִי (Ges§ 90 l); f. cstr. עֹזֶבֶת Pr 2:17 etc.; pass. עָזוּב Dt 32:26 +, etc.;— †1. leave, c. acc. (on order of meanings cf. NöZMG xl (1886), 726); a. = depart from, acc. pers. Gn 44:22(×2) (J), 2 K 2:2, 4, 6; 4:30; Nu 10:31 (P), Ru 1:16 Je 9:1 (‖ הָלַךְ מֵאֵת); acc. loc. 1 K 8:6 Je 25:28 (י׳ as lion leaving lair); c. מִן loc. intrans. (strangely) Je 18:14 (of snow). b. leave behind, acc. pers. Ex 2:20 (J), 2 S 15:16 (+ inf.), Ez 24:21; acc. rei + בְּיַד Gn 39:12, 13, + אֶצְלִי v 15, 18 (all J); + ב loc. 50:8 (J); acc. pers. et rei Ex 9:21 (J). c. leave in the presence of (לִפְנֵי) 1 Ch 16:37 (ל of accus., cf. ל 3 b supr.), 2 Ch 28:14. d. leave in safety, וְאָ֫נָה תַעַזְבוּ כְּבוֹדְכֶם Is 10:3. e. leave in a given condition, situation, ע׳ אֹתוֹ בְמַחֲלֻיִים 2 Ch 24:25 they left him in great suffering; c. adv. acc. Ez 23:29; a city פְּתוּחָה Jos 8:17. f. leave undisturbed, let alone Ru 2:16. g. leave unexercised, Gn 24:27 pregn. he hath not left his kindness and his faithfulness from (being) with (מֵעִם) my master; so ע׳ חַסְדּוֹ אֶת־ Ru 2:20 (both of י׳); ע׳ חֵמָה ψ 37:8 (‖ הֶרֶף מֵאַף). h. leave in the hand of, entrust to, acc. rei + בְּיַד Gn 39:6 (J), + אֶל־ Jb 39:11 (‖ בָּטַח בְּ), + עַל־ ψ 10:14 (acc. om., his cause).—So also poss. (c. לְ) Ne 3:34 (reading לֵאלֹהִים for MT לָהֶם), but text prob. otherwise corrupt. i. leave to (ל) one (unaided), וְחָדַלְתָּ֫ מֵעֲזֹב לוֹ Ex 23:5a (E) thou shalt refrain from leaving it (sc. the affair) to him; cf. תַּעֲזֹב לָאָרֶץ בֵּיצֶיהָ Jb 39:14 (of ostrich). j. leave over, remaining, acc. pers. Ju 2:21 (JE); acc. rei + לְ pers. Lv 19:10; 23:22 (H), Mal 3:19. k. leave = have nothing to do with Pr 9:6. 2. leave, abandon, forsake: †a. abandon, acc. rei: (1) land, house, city, tent, etc., 1 S 31:7 = 1 Ch 10:7; 2 K 7:7; Je 9:18; 48:28; 51:9; 2 Ch 11:14; Is 17:9 (+ מִפְּנֵי of enemy); pt. pass. of cities v 2 Je 4:29; Zp 2:4, cf. עֲזוּבָה" dir="rtl" >עֲזוּבָה Is 17:9 pt. = subst. = deserted region. (2) oxen 1 K 19:20; idol-images (+ שָׁם) 2 S 5:21 = 1 Ch 14:12; flock Zc 11:17; pt. pass. of eggs Is 10:14. †b. forsake, (1) human subj. and obj.: Gn 2:24 (J; a man his + parents), 1 S 30:13; Jos 22:3 (D), Je 49:11 ψ 27:10 (parent a child), Pr 2:17 (wife her husband, אַלּוּף), cf. אִשָּׁה²" dir="rtl" >אִשָּׁה עֲזוּבָה Is 54:6, and ע׳ of personif. Zion Is 60:15; 62:4. (2) an animal its young Je 14:5 (obj. om.). †c. = neglect, Levite Dt 12:19; 14:27, poor Jb 20:19. d. especially (1) fig. of forsaking God (י׳), apostatizing, Ju 10:10; Dt 28:20; 31:16 Je 1:16 + 38 times (often Je and later); + Jon 2:9 (obj. חַסְדָּם, i.e. God, v. חֶסֶד II); c. ל + inf. only אֶת־י׳ עָֽזְבוּ לִשְׁמֹר Ho 4:10 (Oort We Now doubt לִשְׁמֹר). (2) obj. י׳’s law, commands, covenant, etc., Dt 29:24; 1 K 19:10, 14 + 14 times; house of י׳ 2 Ch 24:18; Ne 10:40. †(3) forsake, fail to follow, obey advice, instruction, wisdom, reproof: 1 K 12:8, 13 = 2 Ch 10:8, 13; Pr 2:13; 4:2, 6; 10:17; 15:10; 27:10. †(4) but also of forsaking idols Ez 20:8, sins of various kinds 23:8 Is 55:7; Pr 28:13 (obj. om.; + מוֹדֶה confess); הַמַּשָּׁא usury Ne 5:10. e. of God’s forsaking, abandoning men: Dt 31:17; Is 41:17; 49:14; 54:7; 2 Ch 12:5; Ezr 9:9 ψ 9:11; 22:2 + 8 times ψψ; + בְּיַד Ne 9:28; ψ 37:33; ψ 16:10 thou wilt not abandon my soul לִשְׁאוֹל; of temporary abandonment 2 Ch 32:31 (+ inf. of purpose); etc. (34 times in all); + Je 12:7 (י׳ abandoning his house). †f. of God’s leaving, i.e. ceasing to regard, the earth, thus giving impunity to crime, Ez 8:12; 9:9. †g. of strength (כֹּחַ) forsaking one ψ 38:11, courage (לֵב) 40:13, kindness and faithfulness (חֶסֶד וֶאֱמֶת) Pr 3:3. †3. let loose, set free, let go עָזֹב תַּעֲזֹב עִמּוֹ Ex 23:5b (E) thou shalt by all means free it (sc. the beast) with him, (aid him to set it free; on sense, cf. Dt 22:4; DHM sub ii. עזב); עָצוּר וְעָזוּב shut up and freed, proverb. phr., = all classes of people Dt 32:36; 1 K 14:10; 21:21; 2 K 9:8; 14:26 (exact meaning dub.; prob. either = bond and free, or [v. RSSem i. 437, 2nd ed. 456] under taboo and free from it); let go Jb 20:13 (c. acc. of wickedness as morsel in mouth); let loose my complaint Jb 10:1 (עָלַי apud me, cf. עַל II 1 d); אֶעֶזְבָה פָנַי Jb 9:27 I will loosen, relax, my face, (cf. Thes De Me Stu Di BuhlLex Bu; > abandon my [gloomy] countenance AV RV SS BaeKau Du). †Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נֶעֱזַב Ne 13:11; 3 fs. נֶעֱזָבָ֑ה Is 62:12; Impf. 3 fs. תֵּעָזֵב Is 7:16; Lv 26:43, תֵּעָ֣זַב Jb 18:4; 3 mpl. יֵעָֽזְבוּ Is 18:6; Pt. נֶעֱזָב Is 27:10 ψ 37:25; fpl. נֶעֱזָבוֹת Ez 36:4;— 1. be left to (לְ), i.e. to the possession of, Is 18:6. 2. be forsaken, of house of God Ne 13:11, a city Ez 36:4; Is 27:10 (‖ מְשֻׁלָּח), 62:12; the earth Jb 18:4, land Is 7:16; Lv 26:43 (+ מִן of exiles); of man ψ 37:25. †Pu. (or Qal pass., v. Ges§ 52 e) be deserted, of city: Pf. 3 ms. הֲמוֹן עִיר עֻזָּ֑ב Is 32:14 (‖ נֻטָ֔שׁ); 3 fs. עֻזְּבָה Je 49:25.

[שָׁרַת97] vb. Pi. minister, serve (cf. NH שֵׁרוּת (temple-) ministry, Ph. משרת ministry, and perhaps vb. שרת minister);— Pi. Pf. 3 ms. שֵׁרֵת Nu 8:26; Dt 18:7; 3 mpl. שֵׁרְתוּ Nu 3:6; Impf. 3 ms. וַיְשָׁ֫רֶת Gn 39:4, 3 mpl. יְשָֽׁרְתוּ Nu 3:31 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. לְשָׁרֵת Ex 28:35 +, לְשָׁ֫רֶת שָׁם Dt 17:12, etc.; Pt. מְשָׁרֵת Nu 11:28 + (2 S 13:9 v. מַשְׂרֵת, p. 602a), f. מְשָׁרַת 1 K 1:15; etc.;—serve: 1. of ministerial service (opp. menial, עבד): a. higher domestic service: Joseph Gn 39:4; 40:4 (JE), Elisha’s chief servant 2 K 4:43; 6:15, royal domestics 2 S 13:17, 18 1 K 10:5; 2 Ch 9:4; Est 2:2; 6:3, Abishag 1 K 1:4, 15. b. of royal officers (late) 1 Ch 27:1; 28:1; 2 Ch 17:19; 22:8; Est 1:10; Pr 29:12. c. Joshua as chief assistant to Moses Ex 24:13; 13:11 (E), Nu 11:28 (J), Jos 1:1 (D), Elisha to Elijah 1 K 19:21, d. of angels to י׳ ψ 103:21, cf. 104:4. e. of kings of nations in proph. Is 60:10. 2. usually of special service in worship: a. of Levit. priests, abs. 1 K 8:11 = 2 Ch 5:14; c. acc. י׳ Dt 10:8; 17:12; 21:5; Je 33:21 + (strangely) מְשָֽׁרְתֵי אֹתִי v 22; also Is 60:7 of animals put fig. for those sacrificing them; of foreigners admitted to priesthood Is 61:6, cf. 56:6; so prob. Samuel conceived as priest 1 S 2:11; 3:1, את פני י׳ 2:18 (פני prob. acc., cf. 𝔊 τῷ προσώπῳ v 11), שׁ׳ בְּשֵׁם י׳ Dt 18:5, 7. b. Levites (P, and late); c. acc. of Aaronic priests Nu 3:6; 8:26; 18:2, c. acc. of י׳ 1 Ch 15:2; 2 Ch 29:11a; prob. also in ref. to Lev. singer ψ 101:6; c. acc. tabern. Nu 1:50 (P), congregation 16:9 (P), people Ez 44:11 + v 12 (of idolatry); abs. 1 Ch 16:4; 2 Ch 23:6; 29:11b; 31:2 Ezr 8:17 (pt. as subst., ministers); שׁ׳ לִפְנֵי אֲרוֹן בְּרִית י׳ 1 Ch 16:37, שׁ׳ נֶגֶד הַכֹּהֲנִים 2 Ch 8:14; שׁ׳ c. ב loc. 1 Ch 26:12; especially c. בְּ, of sacred vessels Nu 3:31; 4:9, 12, 14; 2 K 25:14 = Je 52:18; בַּשִּׁיר 1 Ch 6:17. c. Zadokite priests (Ez), abs. Ez 42:14; 44:17, 19, 27, c. acc. י׳ 40:46; 43:19; 44:15, 16; 45:4, cstr. מְשָׁרֲתֵי before place 45:4, 5; 46:24. d. Aaronic priests, abs. Ex 28:35 + 4 times P; c. acc. י׳ 1 Ch 23:13; לי׳ 2 Ch 13:10; מְשָֽׁרְתֵי י׳ Jo 1:9, 13; 2:17, מְשָֽׁרְתֵי מזבח Jo 1:13, c. בַּקֹּדֶשׁ Ex 28:43 + 4 times P. e. of idolatry, c. acc. עץ ואבן Ez 20:32.

I. [עָזַר82] vb. help, succour (NH n. עֶזְרָה help; Ph. in deriv. and cpds. Lzb338 f.; Arabic عَذَرَ excuse, exculpate, also aid; Aramaic ܥܕܰܪ help, Palm. עדר, rarely עזר Lzb338 Cook89.90);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. sf. עֲזָרָ֑נִי ψ 118:13, עֲזָֽרְךָ 1 Ch 12:19; 3 pl. sf. עֲזָרֻם 1 Ch 12:20, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲזָר־ Is 50:7, 9, sf. יַעְזְרֶךָּ Is 44:2; 3 mpl. יַעְזֹ֑רוּ Is 30:7; 41:6, וַיַּעְזְרוּ 1 K 1:7, sf. יַעַזְרֻנִי ψ 119:175, etc.; Imv. ms. sf. עָזְרֵנִי ψ 109:26; 119:86 + Jos 10:4 Kt, mpl. sf. עִזְרֻנִי Qr; etc.; Inf. cstr. לַעֲזֹר 1 Ch 22:17, לַעֲזוֹר 18:5, לַעְזֹר Jos 10:33 + 5 times, לַעְזוֹר 2 Ch 25:8 + 2 S 18:3 Qr (> Kt לַעֲזִיר Hiph.); sf. לְעָזְרֵנִי 1 Ch 12:17 + 2 times, etc.; Pt. act. עֹזֵר 1 K 20:16 +, etc.; pass. עָזֻר Is 31:3;—help, c. acc. pers. 1 K 20:16; Jos 1:14 (D), Is 41:6 + 2 Ch 28:23 reading עֹזְרִים Ges§ 53 o, for MT מַעְזְרִים, appar. Hiph.; subj. false gods); c. acc. loc. (city) Jos 10:33 (D); especially c. sf. pers. Jos 10:4, 6 (+ הוֹשִׁיעַ; both JE), 1 Ch 12:18, 20, 23 (van d. H. v 17, 19, 22), 2 Ch 32:3; Ezr 8:22 (+ מִן of enemy), 10:15; Dn 10:13 (subj. Michael); subj. often God (י׳), c. acc. pers. ψ 10:14; 1 Ch 15:26, usually sf. Gn 49:25 (poem in J), 1 S 7:12; Is 41:10, 13, 14 + 12 times + 2 Ch 26:7 (c. עַל against), ψ 37:40 (+ פִּלֵּט), 46:6 (sf. of city), 109:26 (‖ הוֹשִׁיעַ); subj. false gods Dt 32:8; 2 Ch 28:23; c. לְ pers. 2 S 8:5 + 1 Ch 18:5 + 4 times + 2 S 18:3 (read Qr לַעֲזוֹר, or לְעֹזֵר? cf. HPS); subj. י׳ Is 50:7, 9; c. עִם pers. 1 Ch 12:22 (van d. H. v 21; + עַל against); c. אַחֲרֵי pers. (constr. praegn.) 1 K 1:7; c. בְּ pers. against whom 2 Ch 20:23 (+ inf.); c. בֵּין … לְ, of י׳, 2 Ch 14:10; abs. Is 30:7; 2 Ch 26:13 (+ עַל against), 28:16; ע׳ לְרָעָה Zc 1:15 they helped, with evil result; י׳ subj., 2 Ch 25:8 (opp. הַכְשִׁיל); also pt. c. sf. Ez 30:8 + 3 times; c. לְ pers. 2 K 14:26 + 5 times; of י׳ ψ 30:11; 54:6; abs. Is 31:3; 63:5 Je 47:4 ψ 22:12; 107:12; cstr. עֹזְרֵי הַמִּלְחָמָה 1 Ch 12:1, עֹזְרֵי רָ֑הַב Jb 9:13 (v. רַהַב); Pt. pass. abs. as subst. he who is helped Is 31:3. †Niph. Pf. וְנֶעֱזָרְ֑תִּי ψ 28:7 I am helped (sc. by י׳); Impf. 3 mpl. וַיֵּעָֽזְרוּ 1 Ch 5:20 (sc. id.; + עַל against), c. n. cogn. יֵעָֽזְרוּ עֵזֶר מְעָט Dn 11:34; Inf. cstr. הִפְלִיא לְהֵעָזֵר 2 Ch 26:15 he was wonderfully helped (lit. made wonderful to be helped). †Hiph. dub.: Inf. cstr. 2 S 18:3 Kt, Pt. pl. מַעְזְרִים 2 Ch 28:23, v. Qal.

τηρ-έω (τη- also in Doric dialect, Refs 7th c.BC+, perfect τετήρηκα Refs 4th c.BC+:—watch over, take care of, guard, δώματα Refs 5th c.BC+; rarely of persons, δαιμόνων.., αἵτινες τηροῦμεν ὑμᾶς Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. τὴν ἀρχήν maintain it, Refs 2nd c.BC+ —passive, τὸ ἔξωθεν [τεῖχος] ἐτηρεῖτο was constantly guarded, Refs 5th c.BC+future middle τηρήσομαι in passive sense, Refs __2 τ. ὅπως.. ἔσται take care that.. , Refs 4th c.BC+; τ. μὴ.. cavere ne.. , Refs 5th c.BC+: also in middle, τηρώμεσθ᾽, ὅπως μὴ.. αἰσθήσεται Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 τηρεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ πυρός protect them from the fire, i.e. cook them slowly, Bilabel Ὀψαρτ.Refs __II give heed to, watch narrowly, observe, τηρῶ αὐτοὺς οὐδὲ δοκῶν ὁρᾶν κλέπτοντας Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 watch for a person or thing, with a participle, παραστείχοντα τηρήσας Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔνδον ὄντα τηρήσαντες αὐτόν having watched for his being within, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. τὸν πορθμὸν κατιόντος τοῦ ἀνέμου watching for a crossing with the wind blowing down, Refs; τ. τινὰ ἀνιόντα watch for one's coming up, Refs 5th c.BC+; νύκτα καὶ ὕδωρ, Refs 4th c.BC+; τὴν θήραν τ. Refs —passive, ὁ καιρὸς ἐτηρήθη was watched for, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 absolutely, watch, keep watch, Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, watch or look out, so as to.., ἐτήρουν ἀνέμῳ καταφέρεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 observe, notice, [μετακόσμησιν σωμάτων] Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.5 test by observation or trial, τετηρημένον βοήθημα an approved method of treatment, Refs 2nd c.AD+; as Empiric term, τετηρημένης ἐπ᾽ αὐτοῖς τῆς θεραπείας, οὐκ ἐνδεικτικῶς εὑρισκομένης Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III observe or keep an engagement, ὅρκους NT+5th c.BC+ __III.2 preserve, retain, τὰς αἰσθήσεις uncertain in Refs 5th c.BC+

† I. [נָצַר] vb. watch, guard, keep (NH id., observe; Assyrian naṣâru, watch over, protect; Old Aramaic נצר protect Lzb 325 Cook 83; Palm. in n.pr. Vog 150, 4 Cook 124; Aramaic נְטַר, ܢܛܰܪ (cf. Wetzst in De Job (2) on 27:18); Arabic نَظَرَ look at, consider, examine (نَاطُورٌ, overseer is Aramaic loan-word Frä 138); Sab. להנצרהמו to aid them Hal Rev. Sém. iv (1896), 71; Ethiopic ነጸረ spectare, intueri, etc., Di701;—cf. also נטר);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. sf. נְצָרָ֫תַם ψ 119:129; 1 s. נָצָ֑רְתִּי ψ 119:22, 56, 100; 3 mpl. נָֽצְרוּ Pr 22:12; Impf. יִצֹּר Pr 3:1; sf. יִצְּרֶ֫נְהוּ (Ges§ 58, 4 R.) Dt 32:10; m. sf. תִּנְצְרֶ֑כָּה Pr 2:11 (Ges§ 58, 4 R.); 1 s. אֶצֹּר ψ 119:69; אֶצְּרָה ψ 119:34, 115; אֶצֹּ֑רָה ψ 119:145; sf. אֶצָּרְךָ Is 42:6; 49:8 (Ges Bö Ew al. from יצר); אֶצֳּרֶ֑נָּה Is 27:3; 3 mpl. יִצְּרוּ Pr 20:28; יִנְצֹ֑רוּ Dt 33:9 (on forms v. Ges§ 66, 2, R. 1) + 15 times Impf.; Imv. נְצֹר ψ 34:14 + 3 times; נִצְּרָה ψ 141:3 (d. f. dirim. Ges§ 20, 2 b); sf. נִצְּרֶ֑הָ Pr 4:13; Inf. abs. נָצוֹר Na 2:2; cstr. נְצֹר Pr 2:8; Pt. נוֹצֵר; Pr 28:7; נֹצֵר Ex 34:7 + 7 times; sf. נֹצְרָהּ Is 27:3; pl. נוֹצְרִים 2 K 17:9; 18:8, etc.; pass. נָצוּר Ez 6:12; pl. נְצוּרִים Is 65:4 (𝔊 ἐν τοῖς σπηλαίοις, בַּמְּעָרוֹת); cstr. נְצוּרֵי (Kt נְצִירֵי only here) Is 49:6; f. נְצוּרָה Is 1:8 (Di reads נְצוֹרָה Niph. Pt. √ צוּר); cstr. נְצֻרַת Pr 7:10; pl. נְצֻרוֹת Is 48:6 (Che reads בְּצֻרוֹת). 1. Watch, guard, keep, a vineyard Jb 27:18 (cf. Wetzst in De Job (2)ad loc.), Is 27:3(×2), fig-tree Pr 27:18, fortification Na 2:2; נֹצְרִים watchmen Je 31:6; מִגְדַּל נ׳ tower of watchmen 2 K 17:9; 18:8; in ethical sense of men, guarding the mouth Pr 13:3, the way Pr 16:17, לֵב Pr 4:23; the tongue מֵרַע ψ 34:14; c. על, over the door of the lips ψ 141:3; of God נֹצֵר הָאָדָם Jb 7:20 (thou) watcher of men (iron.). 2. Guard from dangers, preserve, c. acc. subj. God or his attributes Dt 32:10 ψ 25:21; 31:24; 40:12; 61:8; Is 26:3; 42:6; 49:8 Pr 2:8; 20:28; 22:12; נֹצֵר נֶפֶשׁ Pr 24:12; c. acc. and מן from which ψ 12:8; 32:7; 64:2; 140:2, 5. In Wisd. Lit. subj. is abstr.: חכמה Pr 4:6; תבונה Pr 2:11; צדקה Pr 13:6; נְצוּרֵי ישׂראל Is 49:6 preserved of Israel. 3. Guard with fidelity, keep, observe: of י׳, נֹצֵר חֶסֶד לאלפים Ex 34:7 (J); elsewhere of man observing the covenant Dt 33:9 (poem) ψ 25:10, the divine law ψ 78:7; 105:45; 119:2, 22, 33, 34, 56, 69, 100, 115, 129, 145; commands of parents Pr 6:20; 28:7; and discipline of Wisdom Pr 3:1, 21; 4:13; 5:2. 4. Guard, keep secret, dub.: נְצֻרוֹת secret things Is 48:6; נְצוּרִים secret places Is 65:4 (see forms above); נְצֻרַת לֵב secret, wily minded Pr 7:10 (of harlot, so RVm close, i.e. secretive). 5. Kept close, blockaded, dub.: הַנָּצוּר the blockaded (so Ew Hi Co Toy; but Ke Bth Kau preserved; Hi Co Bth Toy del. והנשׁאר) Ez 6:12; עִיר נְצוּרָה blockaded city Is 1:8 (see form above); נֹצְרִים blockaders Je 4:16 (but 𝔊 συστροφαί = צררים i.e. foes).

† [יָסַר] vb. discipline, chasten, admonish (Talm 𝔗 יִ(י)סּוֹר. chastisement; but Aramaic יְסַר is bind)— Qal Impf. 3 m. sf. וְיִסְּרֵנִי Is 8:11 (Di De SS see Bö§ 1103 Ew§ 249 d, but Thes MV Che al. Pi. Pf.); 1 s. sf. וְאֶסֳּרֵם Ho 10:10 (Ges§ 71); Inf. abs. יָסֹר 1 Ch 15:22 (noun Ke, point as pt. Öt); Pt. יֹסֵר Pr 9:7 ψ 94:10; יסורי Je 17:13 Kt v. סוּר²" dir="rtl" >סוּר;— 1. admonish Is 8:11 (sq. sf. + מִלֶּכֶת away from walking, i.e. not to walk), Pr 9:7 (‖ מוֹכִיחַ). 2. instruct, 1 Ch 15:22. 3. discipline, of God Ho 10:10 ψ 94:10. Niph. Impf. יִוָּ֫סֶר עֶ֫בֶד Pr 29:19; אִוָּסֵר Je 31:18; תִּוָּֽסְרוּ Lv 26:23; Imv. f. הִוָּֽסְרִי Je 6:8; mpl. חִיָּסְרוּ ψ 2:10;—(Niph. tolerat., Ges§ 51. 2), let oneself be corrected, admonished by words of man ψ 2:10; Pr 29:19; let oneself be chastened by discipline of God Je 6:8; 31:18; Lv 26:23. Pi. Pf. יִסַּר 1 K 12:11 + 3 times; sf. יִסְּרַנִּי ψ 118:18; יִסְּרוֹ Is 28:26; 3 f. sf. יִסְּרַתּוּ Pr 31:1; 2 m. יִסַּרְתָּ ψ 39:12 Jb 4:3, etc. + 8 times Pf.; Impf. יְיַסֵּר Dt 8:5; 2 m. sf. תְּיַסְּרֶנּוּ ψ 94:12, etc. + 5 times Impf.; Imv. יַסֵּר Pr 19:18; 29:17; sf. יַסְּרֵנִי Je 10:24; Inf. abs. יַסֹּר ψ 118:18; cstr. יַסְּרָה Lv 26:18; sf. יַסְּרֶ֑ךָּ Dt 4:36; Pt. מְיַסְּרֶ֑ךָּ Dt 8:5;— 1. discipline, correct (the moral nature, with more or less severity according to circumstances): a. of God, c. acc. Ho 7:15 (of training arms), Dt 4:36 (v. Dr), 8:5 (Israel as son), Is 28:26, happy the man אשׁר תיסרנו יהּ ψ 94:12, 118:18(×2). b. of man, c. acc. Dt 8:5 Pr 19:18; 29:17 (all of a father his son), Jb 4:3 Pr 31:1, ψ 16:7 my reins (the emotions of my own heart) correct, admonish me. 2. more severely, chasten, chastise: a. of God, sq. acc. pers., Je 31:18; אַל־בַּחֲמָֽתְךָ תְיַסְּרֵנִי ψ 6:2; 38:2; בְּמשׁפט אל באף Je 10:24; למשׁפט 30:11 = 46:28; על חטאת Lv 26:18, 28; בתוכחות על עון ψ 39:12. b. of man, a father his son Dt 21:18; elders a man Dt 22:18 (including, as perhaps 21:18, bodily chastisement); a king his subjects בַּשּׁוֹטִים and בָּעַקְרַבִּים 1 K 12:11, 14 = 2 Ch 10:11, 14. c. תְּיַסְּרֵךְ רָֽעָתֵךְ Je 2:19 thy badness will chastise thee. Nithp. Pf. נִוַּסְּרוּ Ez 23:48 (for נִתְוַסְּרוּ Ges§ 55 k); pass. be disciplined, corrected. Hiph. Impf. 1 s. sf. אַיְסִירֵם (Ew§ 131 c, but error for אֲיַסְּרֵם Bö§ 437 f SS), c. acc. chasten Ho 7:12.

παρίστημι, __A causal in present, imperfect, future, and aorist 1; later perfect παρέστᾰκα in same sense, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __A.I cause to stand, place beside, π. τοὺς ἱππεῖς ἐφ᾽ ἑκάτερον τὸ κέρας Refs 2nd c.BC+; παραστήσας τὰ ὅπλα having brought his arms into view, Refs 4th c.BC+; π. τινὰ φυλάττειν set one near a thing to guard it, variant in Refs __A.II set before the mind, present, ὑπόθεσιν.. οὐ χὶ τὴν οὖσαν παριστάντες ὑμῖν Refs 4th c.BC+; τοῦτο π. τοὺς θεοὺς ὑμῖν that they may put this into your minds, Refs; π. ἐλπίδας, ὁτιοῦν τῶν δεινοτάτων, Refs; arouse, inspire, οὐ γὰρ ἡ πληγὴ παρέστησε τὴν ὀργὴν ἀλλ᾽ ἡ ἀτιμία Refs; π. φόβον καὶ ἀπορίαν ταῖς πόλεσι Refs 2nd c.BC+; π. ὁ κίνδυνος διαλογισμόν, μὴ.. Refs 4th c.BC+ prompt you to that decision, Refs 4th c.BC+; π. τινὶ θαρρεῖν give one confidence, variant in Refs 4th c.BC+; π. τινί with infinitive, put it into his head to.., Refs 2nd c.AD+; also π. τινὶ ὅτι or ὡς.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.2 dispose a person, πρὸς μελαγχολίας Refs 1st c.BC+:—also in passive, V. Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.3 of a Poet, represent, describe, τὸν Νέστορα παρέστησε [ὁ ποιητὴς] πείθοντα Refs 1st c.BC+ —passive, παριστάσθω ὅτι.. let it be stated that.., Refs 2nd c.AD+ __A.II.4 furnish, supply, deliver, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __A.II.5 make good, prove, show, τι πολλοῖς τεκμηρίοις NT+5th c.BC+ __A.II.6 with accusative person, present, offer, ἑαυτοὺς τῷ θεῷ, ἑαυτοὺς δούλους εἰς ὑπακοήν, NT __A.II.6.b commend, βρῶμα ἡμᾶς οὐ παραστήσει τῷ θεῷ NT __A.II.7 render, [ἡ πίσσα] τὸν οἶνον ἔὔποτον παρίστησι ταχέως Refs 1st c.AD+ __A.II.8 in later Greek, as in middle (V. C. 1), produce in court, etc., Refs 2nd c.AD+, etc.:—passive, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __A.III set side by side, compare, [πόλεις] μικρὰς μεγάλαις Refs 5th c.BC+ — The use of these active tenses occurs in Pl.[same place], but first becomes common in Oratt. __B passive, with aorist 2, perfect and pluperfect active, intransitive: __B.I stand by, beside, or near, θέων δέ οἱ ἄγχι παρέστη Refs 8th c.BC+; ἑξείης πάντεσσι παρίστασαι, of a beggar,Refs 8th c.BC+; ζωγράφῳ παρεστηκυῖα, of a painter's model, Refs 5th c.BC+participle παραστάς with a Verb, εἶπε παραστάς Refs 8th c.BC+; παρασταθείς, variant for{κατασταθείς}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.2 stand by, i.e. help, defend, τινι Refs 8th c.BC+; βοηθοὶ π. Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II more frequently in past tenses, to have come, δεῦρο παρέστης Refs 8th c.BC+; to be at hand, νῆες δ᾽ ἐκ Λήμνοιο παρέστασαν Refs __B.II.2 of events, to be near, be at hand, ἀλλά τοι ἤδη ἄγχι παρέστηκεν θάνατος Refs 8th c.BC+: in future middle, σοὶ..παραστήσεσθαι ἔμελλεν μοῖρ᾽ ὀλοή Refs 4th c.BC+, compare 73: frequently in perfect, παρέστηχ᾽ ὡς ἔοικ᾽ ἀγὼν μέγας Refs 5th c.BC+; in participle, τὸ χρῶμα τὸ παρεστηκός Refs 5th c.BC+: in Attic dialect form παρεστώς, ῶσα, ός, th=s parestw/shs no/sou Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ π. θέρουςRefs 5th c.BC+; τὰ παρεστῶτα present circumstances, τὰ λῷστα, κράτιστα τῶν π., Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.III come to the side of another, come over to his opinion, παραστῆναι ἐς τῶν Περσέων τὴν γνώμην Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, come to terms, surrender, submit, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.IV happen to one, τῷ δὴ λέγουσι.. θῶμα μέγιστον παραστῆναι Refs 5th c.BC+; especially come into one's head, occur to one, τὼς νόος ἀνθρώποισι παριστᾶται Refs 5th c.BC+; δόξα π. τινὶ ὥστε.. Refs 5th c.BC+; σοὶ τοῦτο παρέστηκεν, ὡς.. Refs; π. θαῦμα, γνώμη, Refs 5th c.BC+ it occurs to me; τῷ οὐ παραστήσεται.. τεθνάναι βούλεσθαι to whom it will not occur to wish for death, Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, Refs 4th c.BC+: with accusative et infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+; participle, τὸ παριστάμενον that which comes into one's head, a thought, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἐκ τοῦ π. λέγειν speak offhand, Refs 1st c.AD+ __B.V to be disposed, πρὸς τὰς πράξεις Refs 1st c.BC+ __B.V.2 collect oneself, παραστῆναι πρὸς τὸν κίνδυνον Refs 1st c.BC+; τῷ θυμῷ παραστάςRefs 1st c.AD+ __B.V.3 metaphorically, οἶνος παρίσταται the wine improves, becomes fit for drinking, opposed to ἐξίσταται, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.V.3.b of a crop, to be ripe, ὅταν ὁ πρώϊμος σπόρος παραστῇ Refs 3rd c.BC+; so probably ἡ γῆ παρέστηκεν Refs 3rd c.BC+ __B.VI παρεστηκέναι φρενῶν to be beside oneself, lose one's wits, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον π. Refs __B.VI.2 to be passionately devoted to, ἵπποισι παρεστεῶτες Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.VII absolutely, παρεστηκός, ={παρόν}, since it was in their power, since the opportunity offered, Refs 5th c.BC+ __C Some tenses of middle, present and imperfect sometimes, future and aorist I almost always (for exceptions, see above Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.I set by one's side, bring forward, produce, π. ἱερεῖα Refs 5th c.BC+; especially in a court of justice, τοὺς παῖδας παραστησάμενοι Refs 5th c.BC+; παιδία παραστήσεται (of a culprit) Refs 4th c.BC+; παραστήσασθαί τινα produce him as witness, Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.I.2 commend, τινί τινα Refs 1st c.AD+ __C.II bring to one's side, bring over by force, bring to terms, ἀέκοντας παραστήσασθαι Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.2 generally, dispose for one's own views or purposes, τινὰ παραστήσασθαι οὕτως ὥστε.. so to dispose a person that.., Refs 5th c.BC+; dispose, induce a person, πρὸς τὸ κοινωνεῖν Refs: with accusative et infinitive, Refs 4th c.BC+

διᾱκον-έω, Ionic dialect διηκ-, imperfect ἐδιακόνουν NT+7th c.BC+: future -ήσωRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist διηκόνησα Refs 1st c.AD+; infinitive -ῆσαιRefs 5th c.BC+: perfect δεδιακόνηκα Refs 4th c.BC+:—middle, imperfect διηκονούμην Refs 2nd c.AD+: future -ήσομαιRefs: aorist διηκονησάμην Refs:—passive, future δεδιακονήσομαι Refs 1st c.AD+: aorist ἐδιακονήθην Refs 4th c.BC+perfect δεδιακόνημαι, see below 11: (διάκονος):—minister, do service, absolutely, Refs 5th c.BC+: with dative person, serve Refs 4th c.BC+; δ. ὑποθήκαις τινός Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. παρὰ τῷ δεσπότῃ Refs 3rd c.BC+; δ. πρὸς ὠνήν τε καὶ πρᾶσιν Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, minister to one's own needs, serve oneself, Refs 5th c.BC+; διακονοῦντες καὶ διακονούμενοι ἑαυτοῖς acting as servants and serving themselves, Refs 5th c.BC+: also simply like active, οἶνον ἡμῖν χρυσίῳ διακονούμενοι Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, to be served, οὐκ ἦλθε διακονηθῆναι ἀλλὰ διακονῆσαι NT __2 to be a deacon, NT __II c.accusative of things, render a service, τινὶ ὅ τι ἂν δεηθῇ Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be supplied, τῇ πόλει ἐδιακονήθησαν [αἱ πράξεις] Refs 4th c.BC+

φῠλάσσω, Attic dialect φυλάττω, Epic dialect infinitive φυλασσέμεναι Refs 8th c.BC+; poetry imperfect φύλασσε Refs 5th c.BC+: future φυλάξω Refs 8th c.BC+aorist ἐφύλαξα, Epic dialect φύλ- Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect πεφύλᾰχα LXX+5th c.BC+:—middle, future -άξομαιRefs 5th c.BC+; also in passive sense, Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐφυλαξάμην Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, future -αχθήσομαιRefs 1st c.BC+: aorist ἐφυλάχθην Refs 2nd c.AD+: perfect πεφύλαγμαι Refs 5th c.BC+; imperative, only in middle sense in early writers, πεφύλαξο Refs 8th c.BC+; participle, Refs 8th c.BC+ __A absolutely, keep watch and ward, keep guard, especially by night, ἀνίη καὶ τὸ φυλάσσειν πάννυχον ἐγρήσσοντα Refs 8th c.BC+; εἰ μέν κ᾽ ἐν ποταμῷ δυσκηδέα νύκτα φυλάσσω Refs 8th c.BC+; (middle, see below c); σὺν κυσὶ.. φυλάσσοντας περὶ μῆλα Refs 8th c.BC+; φ. τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις keep watch for.., Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. ἕως.. watch or wait till.., Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. πηνίκα.. NT+5th c.BC+ __A.2 to be on one's guard, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B transitive, watch, guard, defend, ἀθανάτων ὅστις σε φυλάσσει Refs 8th c.BC+; σύας, μῆλα, Refs 8th c.BC+; φ. τινὰ ἀπὸ τῶν δυσχωριῶν guard one from.. Refs 5th c.BC+ keep away from.., Refs 4th c.BC+: with accusative et infinitive, τοὐμὸν φυλάξει ὀ ὄνομα μὴ πάσχειν κακῶς Refs 5th c.BC+: followed by a relative clause, φ. ἑαυτὸν ὅπως μὴ ἀδικήσει Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. τινά, εἰ.. Refs:—passive, to be watched, kept under guard, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.2 watch for, lie in wait or ambush for, αὐτὸν ἰόντα λοχήσομαι ἠδὲ φυλάξω ἐν πορθμῷ Ἰθάκης Refs 8th c.BC+; φ. τὸ σύμβολον look out for the signal-fire, Refs 5th c.BC+; keep a watch on, [τινα] Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.2.b especially watch, wait for, observe an appointed time or a fixed event, τὴν κνρίην τῶν ἡμερέων Refs 5th c.BC+; φυλάξαντες νύκτα wait for night, Refs 5th c.BC+: with a participle added, δείλην ὀψίην γινομένην φυλάξαντες Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀριστοποιουμένους φ. τοὺς στρατιώτας __D Refs 5th c.BC+ __D.3 metaphorically, preserve, maintain, cherish, [χόλον] Refs 8th c.BC+; φ. ἔπος observe a command,Refs 5th c.BC+; λόγον πρός τινα Refs 3rd c.AD+; φ. σιγήν Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐ γὰρ ἀπειλὰς ὑμετέρας ἐφύλαξα I regarded not your threats, Refs 3rd c.BC+; φ. σκαιοσύναν cling to it, foster it, Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. τὸν θυμόνRefs 5th c.BC+; τἀγαθά, opposed to κτήσασθαι, Refs 4th c.BC+: with a predicate added, φ. τινά δεδεμένον Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, ὅσος παρ᾽ ὑμῖν ὁ φθόνος φυλάττεται is fostered by.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __D.4 keep in a place, continue in, τόδε δῶμα φυλάσσοις, ἀθάνατός τ᾽ εἴης Refs 8th c.BC+ __D.5 notice, observe, Ath. [prev. cited] __D.6 maintain, hold fast to a view, τινὰ σπουδαῖον εἶναι Refs 3rd c.AD+ __D.7 with accusative, beware of, avoid, ἅπαντα ταῦτα φυλάττειν κελεύει Refs 2nd c.AD+ __D.8 φ. μὴ with subjunctive, take care lest.. Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. ἐμὲ καὶ τηρεῖν ὅπως μή.. Refs 4th c.BC+ __D.9 middle, φυλάξασθε τοῦ ἀγαπᾶν Κύριον be careful to.., LXX __C middle, __C.I absolutely, to be on one's guard, keep watch, Refs 8th c.BC+ only in participle, νύκτα φυλασσομένοισι Refs 8th c.BC+; πεφυλαγμένος εἶναι to be cautious, prudent,Refs 5th c.BC+with caution, Refs __C.I.2 with accusative, keep a thing by one, bear it in mind or memory, Refs 8th c.BC+; more fully, ἐν θυμῷ δ᾽ εὖ πάντα φυλάσσεοRefs 5th c.BC+ __C.I.3 guard, keep safe, καὶ κεφαλὴν πεφύλαξο Oracle texts cited in Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.I.4 with genitive, φυλάσσεσθαι τῶν νεῶν μὴ ξυντρίψωσιν act cautiously with regard to the ships, Refs 5th c.BC+; beware of, τῶν εὖ φύλαξαι Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II φυλάσσεσθαί τι or τινα to beware of, be on one's guard against, avoid a thing or person, Refs 7th c.BC+; τινας Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.b ἐφυλαξάμην διαλέκτους I put in as a precaution 'except in dialects', Refs __C.II.2 φ. πρός τι Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.3 with infinitive, φυλάξομαι δὲ τάσδε μεμνῆσθαι.. ἐφετμάς Refs 5th c.BC+; but also without μή, ἵνα.. τις ὕστερον φυλάσσηται ἐπὶ γῆν τὴν σὴν στρατεύεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.II.4 φ. μή followed by subjunctive, take care lest.., τούτου φυλάσσου μή ποτ᾽ ἀχθεσθῇ κέαρ Refs 5th c.BC+; so φ. ὅπως μή.. Refs 5th c.BC+

† I. עֶזְרָה, עֶזְרָת, עֶזְרָ֫תָה n.f. help, succour, assistance;—abs. ע׳ Is 10:3 +, עֶזְרָת ψ 60:13; 108:13 (Ges§ 80 g), עֶזְרָ֫תָה ψ 63:8 + 2 times; cstr. עֶזְרַת Is 31:2 +; sf. עֶזְרָתִי ψ 22:20 +, etc.;— 1. help, succour Is 10:3; 20:6 (+ לְהִנָּצֵל), 31:1; Je 37:7;La 4:17; Jb 6:13; 2 Ch 28:21; ע׳ פֹּעֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן Is 31:2 help from, etc.; ע׳ י׳ Ju 5:23(×2) help of (for) י׳; from י׳ ψ 22:20, 38:23; 40:14 (‖ לְהַצִּילֵנִי), 70:2 (‖ id.), 71:12, + מִצָּ֑ר 60:13 (‖ תְּשׁוּעָה) = 108:13. 2. concr., embodied help, one who helps (cf. i. עֵזֶר 2): a. coll. Jb 31:21 when I saw my help (assistance, support) in the gate; בְּע׳ (v. i. עֵזֶר 2) Na 3:9. b. of י׳ ψ 27:9; 40:18 (+ מְפַלֵּט), 46:2 (‖ מַחֲסֶה, עֹז), 44:27; 63:8; 94:17; בְּע׳ 35:2.

δουλ-εύω, (δοῦλος) to be a slave, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 serve, be subject, τό τ᾽ ἄρχειν καὶ τὸ δ. δίχα Refs 4th c.BC+; δ. ζεύγλαιςRefs 5th c.BC+; δ. γαστρί, ὕπνῳ, λαγνείᾳ, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῇ γῇ δ. make oneself a slave to one's land, i. e. give up rights that one may keep it, Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. τῷ καιρῷ accommodate oneself to the occasion, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3 render a service, τινά Refs 6th c.AD+

† I. [חָרַשׁ] vb. cut in, engrave, plough, devise (NH id., plough, so Ethiopic ሐረሰ Ph. חרש, Aramaic (rare) חֲרַת engrave, ܚܪܰܬ cleave, plough, Arabic حَرَثَ plough)— Qal Pf. חָֽרְשׁוּ ψ 129:3, חֲרַשְׁתֶּם Ju 14:18 Ho 10:13; Impf. יַחֲרֹשׁ Is 28:24 Pr 20:4; יַחֲרוֹשׁ Ho 10:11 + Am 6:12 (v. infr.); 2 ms. תַּחֲרֹשׁ Dt 22:10 Pr. 3:29; Inf. cstr. חֲרֹשׁ 1 S 8:12; Pt. חֹרֵשׁ Gn 4:22 + 5 times; חוֹרֵשׁ Am 9:13; pl. חֹרְשִׁים ψ 129:3, חֹרְשֵׁי Jb 4:8 + 3 times, fpl. abs. חֹרְשׁוֹת Jb 1:14; pass. חֲרוּשָׁה Je 17:1:— 1. cut in, engrave, of worker in metals ח׳ נְחֹשֶׁת וּבַרְזֶל Gn 4:22 (J), ח׳ נחשׁת 1 K 7:14; fig. ח׳ עַל־לוּחַ לִבָּם Je 17:1 engraved on the tablet of their heart. 2. plough, lit., human subj. (animal usually c. בְּ), no obj. expr. 1 K 19:19 Dt 22:10 Is 28:24, so יַחֲרוֹשׁ בבקרים Am 6:12 (but read prob. יֵחָרֵשׁ בבקר יָם, v. We al.); c. acc. cogn. ח׳ חֲרִישׁוֹ 1 S 8:12 plough his ploughing (= do his ploughing), Pr 20:4; fig. Ju 14:18 Ho 10:11; with ethical ref. ח׳ רֶשַׁע v 13 (‖ קצר), ח׳ אָוֶן Jb 4:8 (‖ זרע, קצר); עַל־גַּבִּי חָֽרְשׁוּ חֹרְשִׁים ψ 129:3 upon my back have ploughmen ploughed (fig. of oppression by wicked); חֹרֵשׁ = ploughman Is 28:24, Am 9:13 (‖ קוֹצֵר); ח׳ with oxen subj. only Jb 1:14. 3. devise (as one who works in, practises), usually bad sense, obj. רָעָה Pr 3:29, רַע 6:14; מַחְשְׁבוֹת אָוֶן v 18, חֹרְשֵׁי רַע Pr 12:20; 14:22; but also חֹרְשֵׁי טוֹב v 22. Niph. Impf. 3 fs. צִיּוֹן שָׂדֶה תֵּחָרֵשׁ Mi 3:12 Zion, as a field she shall be ploughed = Je 26:18. Hiph. Pt. מַחֲרִישׁ רָעָה עַל־ 1 S 23:9 fabricating mischief against (v. Dr, and cf. We).

† I. עֵ֫זֶר n.m. ψ 121:1 help, succour;—ע׳ abs. Gn 2:18 +, sf. עֶזְרִי Ex 18:4, עֶזְרֹה Ez 12:14, etc.;— 1. help, succour Is 30:5 (‖ הוֹעִיל, opp. בּשֶׁת, חֶרְפָּה), Dn 11:34; from י׳ ψ 20:3; 121:1, 2; 124:8; in 89:20 read; נֵזֶר for ע׳ Dy Gr Kau (עֹז Bi Che), cf. Hup; מָגֵן עֶזְר֑ךָ Dt 33:29) = י׳). 2. concr. = one who helps (cf. i. עֶזְרָה 2) בְּע׳ (בְּ essent., v. ב I 7 b, Ges§ 119 h, i) Gn 2:18, 20 (J) + Ho 13:9 (read מִי בְע׳ Che We GuKau Now); coll. (without בְּ) Ez 12:14 (si vera l.; Co עֹזְרָיו); especially of י׳ ע׳ מִצָּרָיו Dt 33:7 (poem), ע׳ + מָגֵן ψ 33:20; 115:9, 10, 11, + מְפַלֵּט 70:6; בְּע׳ (v. supr.) Ex 18:4 (E), Dt 33:26 (poem), ψ 146:4. אֶבֶן הָעֵזֶר v. אֶ֫בֶן" dir="rtl" >אֶבֶן (9).

λατρ-εύω, Elean λατρείω (which see), work for hire or pay, Refs 6th c.BC+: to be in servitude, serve, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 λ. τινί to be subject or enslaved to, Refs 5th c.BC+: with accusative person, serve, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. νόμοις obey, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. καιρῷ, = Latin temporibus inservire, Refs 1st c.AD+; τῷ κάλλει λ. to be devoted to.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 serve the gods with prayers and sacrifices, λ. Φοίβῳ Refs 5th c.BC+ render due service, Refs; πόνον.. τόνδ᾽ ἐλάτρευσα θεᾷ Refs

ὑπᾰκού-ω, future -ακούσομαιLXX later -ακούσω Refs __I hearken, give ear, θεοὶ δ᾽ ὑπὸ πάντες ἄκουον Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.2 answer (by voice or act) when called, ἢ ἐξελθέμεναι ἢ ἔνδοθεν αἶψ᾽ ὑπακοῦσαι Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.2.b in a dialogue, answer when questioned, σοι Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.3 listen to, heed, regard, with genitive of things, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. διαίτῃ submit to a regimen, Refs 4th c.BC+; ὑ. τῷ ξυμφόρῳ τινός comply with his interest, Refs 5th c.BC+; δείπνῳ ὑ. accept an invitation to dinner, Refs 2nd c.AD+: absolutely, give way, submit, comply, Refs 5th c.BC+ in this matter he obeyed, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. τινός τι or τινί τι, obey one in a thing,Refs 5th c.BC+ __II Special senses: __II.1 of porters, answer a knock at the door, ὑ. τινί NT+4th c.BC+; ὁ ὑπακούσας the porter, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 of a judge, listen to a complainant, τινι Refs 5th c.BC+; also of the parties in legal proceedings, appear before the court, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3 of dependants, subjects, etc., obey, submit to, Δαρείου οὐδαμὰ ὑ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3.b Astrology texts, to aspect from South to North, of the southernmost of two zodiacal signs equidistant from an equinoctial point, opposed to προστάσσειν, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ={ἀκούω} see, Refs 4th c.AD+ __II.4 answer one's expectations, succeed, ὑπήκουέ μοι τὸ πρᾶγμα Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.5 ὑ. αὐγαῖς ἁλίου to be subject to the sun's rays, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑπακούουσι τῶν τῆς ἀρχῆς παθημάτων οἱ κατὰ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς μύες feel the effects of.., Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.6 of ailments, yield, give way to a remedy, τινι Refs 5th c.BC+; πληγαῖς ὑ., of metal, Refs 1st c.AD+yielding to pressure, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.7 concede a point in dispute, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.8 correspond, πᾶσα παραγωγὴ ἐπιρρηματικὴ.. μιᾷ ὑπακούει πτώσει κατὰ τὴν διάλυσιν every adverbial derivative corresponds to a case, e.g. οἴκοθι to ἐν οἴκῳ, Refs 2nd c.AD+; conform to a theory, Refs __III κοινὸν ὑ. understand under the term κοινόν.., Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, κοινῶς ὑ. to be understood in a general sense, Refs 1st c.BC+ __III.2 in Grammars, understand a word omitted, Refs 2nd c.AD+ what one has in mind, the subject, Refs __III.3 understand, with accusative et infinitive, Refs 1st c.BC+ __IV future ὑπακούσεται in Refs 5th c.BC+, if correct, must be passive, if their service shall be lighter; but Scholia gives ὑπακούσονται, whence ξυγκαταστρεψάμενοι (for -οις) is conjectured.

† נְתִינִים n.m.pl. Nethînîm (proposes those given to the service of the sanctuary, as Levites are called נְתוּנִים Nu 3:9, 8:16, 19);—only 1 Ch 9:2 (where disting. from priests and Levites) + 16 times Ezr Ne (often disting. from priests, Levites and porters; Ezr 8:17 Kt has הנתונים, Qr הַנְּתִינִים), viz.: Ezr 2:43, 58, 70 = Ne 7:46, 60, 72 (so Baer, Ginsb; van d. H. v 73), Ezr 7:7; 8:17, 20 (appointment ascribed to David, cf. 1 Ch 9:2), v 20 Ne 10:29; 11:3; living on the Ophel 3:26; 11:21, with their own overseers v 21, having a house known (in part) by their name 3:31.—On נ׳ v. further BauPriesterthum 100, 142 f.

† [אָשַׁר] vb. go straight, go on, advance (Assyrian ašâru ZimBP 11; Arabic Aramaic in deriv.)— Qal Imv. אִשְׁרוּ Pr 9:6 אִשְׁרוּ בְדֶרֶךְ בִּינָה go straight on in the way of understanding. Pi. Pf. אִשְּׁרוּ Mal 3:12 Gn 30:13; Impf. תְּאַשֵּׁר Pr 4:14 + 4 times; Imv. אַשֵּׁר Pr 23:19; Pt. pl. מְאַשְּׁרִים Mal 3:15 + 2 times;— 1. intensive go straight on, advance Pr 4:14. 2. causative lead on Pr 23:19 Is 3:12; 9:15. 3. set right, righten Is 1:17. 4. pronounce happy, call blessed Gn 30:13 (J) Jb 29:11 ψ 72:17 Pr 31:28 Ct 6:9 Mal 3:12, 15. Pu. Impf. Kt יְאֻשַּׁר Qr וְאֻשַּׁר ψ 41:3; Pt. מְאֻשָּׁר Pr 3:18 Is 9:15. 1. be led on Is 9:15. 2. be made happy, blessed ψ 41:3 Pr 3:18.

ἀπειθ-έω, Attic dialect form of ἀπῐθέω (though even Trag. preferred ἀπιστέω, which see 11), to be disobedient, refuse compliance, Refs 4th c.BC+; opposed to πείθομαι, Refs 5th c.BC+: frequently with dative, disobey, οὐκ ἀπειθήσας θεῷRefs 5th c.BC+; τὰ μεγάλα ἀ. τινί in great matters, Refs; ἀ. ταῖς ἐνεχυρασίαις not to abide by them, Refs; ἐντολῶνLXX __2 of animals, Refs 5th c.BC+; of ships, τοῖς οἴαξιν ἀ.Refs 1st c.BC+ __3 of a woman, refuse compliance, Refs 5th c.AD+

† [צָבָא] vb. wage war, serve (Sab. צֿבא wage war with, also n. army, campaign HomChrest. 125 CIS iv. 299, 1. 2 DHM VOJ i. 28; Ethiopic ጸብአ: (> ፀብአ:) wage war; Assyrian ṣâbu, man, soldier; NöZMG xl (1886), 726 al. cp. (on account of Sab. Ethiopic ץֿ) Arabic ضَبَأَ conceal oneself, hence lie in wait; this is phonetically suitable, but better in meaning would be صَبَأَ go or come forth (against one), etc., so Thes LagBN 21; Frä232 cp. صَبِىٌّ young man);— Qal Pf. 3 mpl. צָֽבְאוּ Ex 38:8 Zc 14:12; Impf. 3 mpl. יִצְבְּאוּ Nu 31:7; Inf. cstr. לִצְבֹּא Is 31:4; לִצְבֹא Nu 4:23; 8:24; Pt. pl. צֹבְאִים Nu 31:42; Is 29:7, 8; sf. צֹבֶיהָ Is 29:7 (Ges§ 75 oo; Di צָרֶיהָ); fpl. צֹבְאֹת Ex 38:8; צֹבְאוֹת 1 S 2:22;— 1. wage war, fight, c. עַל against, Nu 31:7 (P) Is 29:7, 8; 31:4; Zc 14:12, c. sf. Is 29:7 (?); abs. Nu 31:42 (P). 2. serve at sacred tent, Levites, c. acc. צָבָא Nu 4:23; 8:24 (P); women Ex 38:8(×2) (P) 1 S 2:22. Hiph. Pt. הַמַּצְבִּא אֶת־עַם וגו׳ 2 K 25:19 = Je 52:25 muster.

παιδ-εύω, future -σω: aorist ἐπαίδευσα: perfect πεπαίδευκα:—middle, future παιδεύσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐπαιδευσάμην Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, future παιδευθήσομαιRefs; παιδεύσομαι (in passive sense) Refs: aorist ἐπαιδεύθην Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect πεπαίδευμαι Refs 5th c.BC+: (παῖς):—bring up or rear a child, λευκὸν αὐτὴν.. ἐπαίδευσεν γάλα Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ἐπαιδεύθην ξένος Refs 5th c.BC+ __II opposed to τρέφω or ἐκτρέφω Refs 5th c.BC+, train and teach, educate, παῖδας, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ πεπαιδευμένοι educated, cultured persons, opposed to ἀυαθεῖς, Refs 5th c.BC+; also, of animals, train, Refs 5th c.BC+ —Constr.: π. τινά τινι educate in or by.., παιδείᾳ πεπαιδευμένους Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔθεσι τοὺς φύλακαςRefs 5th c.BC+; ἐν ἤθεσι, ἐν ἀρετῇ, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τινὰ εἰς ἀρετήν, εἰς τέχνην τινά, Refs 5th c.BC+; πεπαιδευμένον πρὸς ἀρετήν, πρὸς τὸ μετρίων δεῖσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸς τὴν πολιτείαν βλέποντας Refs 5th c.BC+; περὶ βύρσας Refs teach one a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+: with accusative of things only, teach a thing, Refs 4th c.BC+: with accusative et infinitive, π. τινὰ κιθαρίζειν Refs 5th c.BC+: with predicative adjective or substantive, π. τινὰ κακόν Refs 5th c.BC+:—in passive, with accusative of things, to be taught a thing, παιδεύεσθαι τέχνην Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, π. ἄρχειν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν τοῖς ἀναγκαιοτάτοις π. to be educated only in what is indispensable, Refs 5th c.BC+perfect participle passive πεπαιδευμένος, educated, trained, expert, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to ἀπαίδευτος, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to δημιουργός, Refs 4th c.BC+; π. also, well-bred, Refs:—middle, to have any one taught, cause him to be educated, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὓς ἡγεμόνας πόλεως ἐπαιδεύσασθε educated as leaders, Refs 5th c.BC+ —also in active in this sense, ἐν Ἀρίφρονος ἐπαίδευε had him educated in the house of Refs 4th c.BC+; of animals, cause to be trained, Refs 4th c.BC+middle is sometimes used like active, τροφαὶ αἱ παιδευόμεναι educating nurture, i.e. education, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 absolutely, give instruction, teach, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III correct, discipline, τοὐμὸν ἦθος π. νοεῖς Refs 5th c.BC+; ὕβρις πεπαιδευμένη chastened (i.e. well-bred) insolence, Aristotle's definition of εὐτραπελία, Refs __III.2 chastise, punish, LXX+NT

προσκαρτερ-έω, Doric dialect ποτι- Refs 2nd c.BC+:— persist obstinately in, τῇ πολιορκίᾳ NT+5th c.BC+; καίπερ ἀχθόμενοι τῇ καθέδρᾳ π. Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 adhere firmly to a man, be faithful to him, τινι NT+2nd c.BC+; of servants, remain in one's service, Refs 4th c.BC+; of a κοσμητής, Refs __2.b remain in attendance at a law-court, τῷ βήματι, τῷ κριτηρίῳ, Refs 1st c.AD+ __2.c devote oneself to an office or occupation, τῇ στρατηγίᾳ Refs 3rd c.AD+; τῇ ἑαυτῶν γεωργίᾳ Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3 passive, ὁ προσκαρτερούμενος χρόνος time diligently employed, Refs 1st c.BC+ __4 wait for a person, Φιλέᾳ Refs 3rd c.BC+

† [פְּלַח] vb. pay reverence to, serve (deity) (cf. Assyrian palâḫu, fear, revere (and BH יָרֵא, פָּחַד etc.); Egyptian Aramaic פלח worship Lzb 351; 𝔗 פְּלַח serve, Syriac ܦܠܰܚ; Palm. פלחא soldier);— Pe. 1. pay reverence to deity (usually ל acc.): Impf. 3 mpl. יִפְלְחוּן Dn 3:28; 7:14, 27; so Pt. act. פָּלַח 6:17, 21, pl. פָּֽלְחִין 3:12, 14, 18, and (acc. dei) v 17. 2. pl. cstr. as n. פָּֽלְחֵי בֵית אֱלָהָא Ezr 7:24 servants of the house of God (+ priests, Nethinim, etc.).

† [נָטַר] vb. keep (less common ‖ of נָצַר) (NH id.; 𝔗 נְטַר, Syriac ܢܛܰܪ id.; Nab. in n.pr. Lzb323 (cf. also infr.), Arabic نَطَرَ id. (obj. garden, etc.));— Qal Pf. 1 s. נָטָ֑רְתִּי Ct 1:6; Impf. 3 ms. יִטּוֹר ψ 103:9, יִנְטוֹר Je 3:5; read וַיִּטֹּר also Am 1:11 (for MT יִטְרֹף) Ol ψ 103:9 We Now GASm Dr; 2 ms. תִּטֹּר Lv 19:18; 1 s. אֶטּוֹר Je 3:12; Pt. act. נוֹטֵר Na 1:2; f. נֹטֵרָה Ct 1:6; mpl. נֹטְרִים Ct 8:11, 12;— 1. keep, maintain (sc. wrath), of י׳, Je 3:5, 12 Na 1:2 (c. לְ for), ψ 103:9; of Edom Am 1:11 (reading וַיִּטֹּר לָעַד אַפּוֹ and he kept his anger perpetually, v. supr.), Lv 19:18 (c. את with). 2. keep, guard a vineyard Ct 1:6(×2) (in fig.), abs. 8:11, obj. פִּרְיוֹ v 12.

βοηθ-έω (sometimes written βοιηθέω, Refs 4th c.BC+, Ionic dialect βωθέω, only Refs 5th c.BC+, compare βοηθήσω Refs 4th c.BC+; Doric dialect βοᾱθοέω Refs; Aeolic dialect βαθόημι (which see):—middle, future -ήσομαιRefs 4th c.AD+:—come to aid, succour, assist, aid, with dative, τῇ σφετέρῃ Refs 5th c.BC+; ναυσὶ β. τινί πολιορκουμένῳRefs; β. τοῖς τῶν προγόνων ἀτυχήμασιν Refs 5th c.BC+; β. τῷ θεῷ maintain his rights, Epist. Philipp. cited in Refs 5th c.BC+; of a physician, β. τῷ θερμῷ ἐπὶ τὸ ψυχρόν Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 absolutely, come to the rescue, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπί τινα against one, Refs 5th c.BC+; β. ἐς.. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπὶ.. Refs 5th c.BC+; β. πρός τι contribute to an object, see reading in Refs 4th c.BC+, or keep it off, Refs; χρήμασι with money, Refs it is an antidote to.., Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 passive, to be assisted, receive help, παρά τινος LXX+4th c.BC+; ἐβοήθηνLXX+2nd c.AD+; especially of patients, derive benefit, Refs 5th c.BC+

† [גָּנַן] vb. cover, surround, defend (Arabic جَنَّ, Aramaic אַגֵּן (Aph.), Palm. אגן VogPalm. 132 ff.)— Qal Pf. וְגַנּוֹתִי Is 37:35 + 3 times; Inf. abs. גָּנוֹן Is 31:5 (c. Hiph. q.v.)—defend, subj. always י׳; obj. the city Jerusalem c. על Is 37:35; 38:6 = 2 K 20:6; 2 K 19:34 c. אֶל־ (‖ הוֹשִׁיעַ). Hiph. Impf.—or Qal according to BaZMG 1889, 178, who comp. Arabic يَجِنُّ —יָגֵן Is 31:5 + 2 times—defend (= Qal), Jerusalem Is 31:5 יגן … גָּנוֹן c. על (‖ הִצִּיל); obj. Yahweh’s people Zc 9:15 c. על, 12:8 c. בְּעַד.

ἀπείθ-εια, ἡ, disobedience, NT+5th c.BC+; later ἀπειθία, ἡ, Refs 2nd c.AD+

δόκῐμ-ος, ον (Doric dialect α, ον Refs, (δέχομαι) acceptable: hence, __1 of persons, trustworthy, Refs 1st c.AD+; approved, esteemed, Refs 5th c.BC+; δοκιμώτατος Ἑλλάδι most approved by Hellas, her noblest son, Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, of approved ability to do.., δόκιμος δ᾽ οὔτις.. εἴργειν Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 of things, excellent, τὸ ἔαρ -ώτατον Refs 5th c.BC+; notable, considerable, ποταμός Refs; approved, κριθὰ καθαρὰ δ. Refs; δ. ἀργύριον legal tender, Refs 4th c.BC+; ὕμνος acceptable, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 adverb -μως really, genuinely, Refs 5th c.BC+

ἀπειθής, ές, disobedient, Refs 5th c.BC+; of ships, τοῖς κυβερνήταις ἀπειθεστέρας τὰς ναῦς παρεῖχον less obedient to them, Refs 5th c.BC+; of horses, Refs; ἀπειθέα τεύχειν work disobedience, Refs 3rd c.BC+. adverb ἀπειθῶς, ἔχειν πρός τιναRefs 5th c.BC+ __b unbelieving, Refs 4th c.AD+ __2 of things, inflexible, rigid, κέντρονRefs 1st c.AD+unyielding, Refs 3rd c.AD+; χῶρος ἀ. impracticable, of Hades, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II active, not persuasive, incredible, μῦθοςRefs 6th c.BC+; uninviting, πρὸς τὴν γεῦσινRefs 1st c.BC+; of places, difficult of access, Refs 2nd c.AD+

συμβάλλω, future -βᾰλῶ: aorist -έβᾰλον, infinitive -βᾰλεῖν: perfect -βέβληκα: aorist 1 passive -εβλήθην:—of these tenses Refs 8th c.BC+present active, aorist active and middle, but most commonly Epic dialect intransitive aorist forms συμβλήτην, -βλήμεναι, middle σύμβλητο, -βληντο, -βλήμενος, subjunctive 2nd pers. singular -βλήεαι probably conjecture for -βλήσεαι in Refs 8th c.BC+, 3rd.pers. singular contraction -βληταιRefs 8th c.BC+:—throw together, dash together, σύν ῥ᾽ ἔβαλον ῥινούς, of men in close combat, Refs 8th c.BC+; bring together, unite, e.g. of rivers that fall into one another, ἐς μισγάγκειαν συμβάλλετον ὄβριμον ὕδωρ Refs 8th c.BC+:— middle, πολλοὶ ποταμοὶ σ. τὸ σφέτερον ὕδωρ Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ Ἀκεσίνης τῷ Ἰνδῷ τὸ ὕδωρ σ. Refs 2nd c.AD+; σ. τὰ ὦτα πρὸς τὴν γῆν have their ears reaching to.., Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive, κατὰ τὰς ῥᾶγας συμβεβλημένων [τῶν δακτύλων] Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 collect, Refs 5th c.BC+; store up, accumulate, κριθὰς ἵπποις συμβεβλημένας πολλάς Refs __3 jumble up together, διαφέροντα σ. εἰς ταὐτόν Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 intransitive in active, fit Refs 4th c.BC+; to be suitable, τὰ χεδροπὰ σ. εἰς τὰς νέας Refs 4th c.BC+ (unless = sow, set). __4.b to be profitable, σ. τῷ πολιτικῷ.. δικαίῳ εἶναι Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 intransitive, come together, ἔνθα δίστομοι.. σ. ὁδοί where two roads join, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ συμβάλλοντα the watersmeet, Refs 3rd c.BC+; [φλὲψ] σ. τῇ ἀποσχίσει Refs 4th c.BC+; collide, τοὺς τύπους ἀνάγκη συμβάλλειν ἑαυτοῖς Refs 4th c.BC+: Geometry texts, meet, τὸ σημεῖον, καθ᾽ ὃ συμβάλλουσιν the point in which (the straight lines) meet, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __6 βλέφαρα σ. ὕπνῳ close the eyes in sleep, Refs 4th c.BC+; how shall I meet her eyes with mine? Refs 5th c.BC+ __7 generally, join, unite, σ. σχοινία twist ropes (compare συμβολεύς), Refs 5th c.BC+; ὠμόλινον σ. πεντάπλουν Refs 5th c.BC+; fit together, ἁρμούς Refs 4th c.BC+; κεραῖαι συμβεβλημέναι Refs 3rd c.BC+; δεξιὰς σ. ἀλλήλοισι join hands, Refs 5th c.BC+ __8 σ. συμβόλαιά τινι or πρός τινα make a contract with a person, especially lend him money on bond, Refs 5th c.BC+; συμβόλαιον εἰς τἀνδράποδα συμβεβλημένον money lent on the security of the slaves, Refs 4th c.BC+: absolutely, in same sense, Refs 5th c.BC+; make a contract, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a marriage contract, Mitteis Refs 2nd c.AD+; advance, lend, πέρα μεδίμνου κριθῶν Refs 4th c.BC+; ἱμάτια, χρυσία, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπί τισι on certain terms, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ συμβαλών the lender, creditor, Refs 4th c.BC+. the borrowers, debtors, Refs:— middle, with perfect passive, pay a share, contribute, ὁλκάδα οἱ συμβαλέεσθαι give him a merchant-vessel, Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. χρήματά τινι εἰς τροφὴν τῶν στρατιωτῶν advance it, Refs 4th c.BC+; τριήρεις εἰς κίνδυνον Refs 5th c.BC+ __9 generally, contribute:— passive, συμβάλλεταί τις.. μερίς Refs 2nd c.AD+ —in this sense mostly in middle, τέμενος συμβάλλεσθαι add thereto, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ μὴ ἀγανακτεῖν.. ἄλλα τέ μοι πολλὰ συμβάλλεται, καὶ.. many circumstances contribute to my feeling no vexation, and especially.., Refs 5th c.BC+; τιμὴν καὶ δόξαν τῇ πόλει σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; frequently with μέρος as object, ἔργων οὐκ ἐλάχιστον μέρος σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν μεγίστην εἰς αὐτὰ μοῖραν Refs 5th c.BC+ contributes to its volume, Refs 5th c.BC+; συμβαλλόμενα contributory causes, Refs 4th c.BC+: absolutely, to be helpful, πολλά ἐστι τὰ συμβαλλόμενα τοῖς βουλομένοις Refs 5th c.BC+; φόνου κηκὶς ξ. contributes to the proof, Refs 4th c.BC+ many things contribute [their share] of this fear, i.e. join in causing it, Refs 5th c.BC+ __10 συμβάλλεσθαι γνώμας contribute one's opinion to a discussion, Refs 5th c.BC+; λόγον σ. περὶ βίου contribute an opinion about life, Refs 5th c.BC+; also συμβαλέσθαι τι to have something to say, Refs; ταῦτά σοι περὶ Ἔρωτος σ. Refs; συμβαλοῦ γνώμην contribute your opinion, help in judging, Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. τὴν γνώμην τῆς βουλῆς, with or without εἰς τὸν δῆμον, communicate it, Refs; cast votes, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II συμβάλλειν (i.e. λόγους) converse, σ. τινί or πρός τινα, NT+1st c.AD+middle, ἀτὰρ τί ἐγὼ περὶ κλοπῆς σ.; Refs 5th c.BC+ __II bring men together in hostile sense, pit them against each other, match them, ἀμφοτέρους θεοὶ σύμβαλον Refs 8th c.BC+; σ. σκύμνον λέοντος σκύλακι κυνός set one to fight with the other, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄνδρα ἀνδρὶ καὶ ἵππον ἵππῳ σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀλεκτρυόνας σ. Refs 4th c.BC+ make him contend with.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.b middle, join in fight, σὺν δ᾽ ἐβάλοντο μάχεσθαι ἐναντίον Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.c intransitive, come together, σύμβαλον μάχεσθαι Refs; also ς. alone, come to blows, engage, πρίν γ᾽ ἠὲ ξυμβλήμεναι ἠὲ δαμῆναι Refs 5th c.BC+; Ἄρης Ἄρει δυμβαλεῖ, Δίκα Δίκᾳ Refs 4th c.BC+; Ἕλληνες Μήδοις σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; συμβάλλων coming into collision, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 σ. πόλεμον καὶ δηϊοτῆτα engage in war, Refs 8th c.BC+; so in Trag., σ. βάκχαις μάχην Refs 5th c.BC+ bandy reproaches, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 middle, fall in with one, meet him, with dative, frequently in Refs 8th c.BC+aorist forms beginning ξυμβλη- or συμβλη- solely in this sense, Νέστορι δὲ ξύμβληντο Refs 8th c.BC+; ὅτε κεν συμβλήσεαι (to be read -βλήεαι) αὐτῷ Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.4 so in active, συμβαλών having met, Refs 4th c.BC+; οἱ συμβάλλοντες those who come in contact with one, Refs 1st c.AD+; φιλοσόφῳ σ. Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III compare, σμικρὰ μεγάλοισι Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ ἀργύριον τὸ Βαβυλώνιον πρὸς τὸ Εὐβοικὸν συμβαλλόμενον τάλαντον the Babyl. talent being compared with, reduced to, the Euboic, Refs __III.b compare for the purpose of checking, μέτρῳ συμβεβλημένῳ πρὸς τὸ χαλκοῦν Wilcken Refs 3rd c.BC+ __III.2 middle, reckon, compute, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ἡ ὁδὸς ἡ ἡμερησίη ἀνὰ διηκόσια στάδια συμβέβληταί μοι Refs __III.3 conclude, infer, conjecture, interpret, συμβαλεῖν τι Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. ὅτι.. Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦτο σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦτο σ., ὅτι.. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ πρὶν οὐκ εὔγνωστα σ. Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, absolutely, Refs 5th c.BC+: with accusative, make out, understand, τὸ πρῆγμαRefsinfinitive, Refs __IV agree, arrange, καθάπερ ξυνέβαλον ἢ διέθεντο Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, make a treaty, Foed. cited in Refs 5th c.BC+; agree upon, fix, settle, λόφον εἰς ὃν δέοι ἁλίζεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+

לִמֻּד adj. taught;—ל׳ Je 2:24; pl. לִמּוּדִים Is 50:4(×2); cstr. לִמּוּדֵי Is 54:13; לִמֻּדֵי Je 13:23; sf. לִמֻּדַי Is 8:16;— 1. taught, as disciples Is 8:16; 50:4(×2); 54:13. 2. accustomed to something, לִמֻּד מִדְבָּר Je 2:24 (wild ass) accustomed to the wilderness; לִמֻּדֵי הָרֵעַ 13:23 accustomed to do evil.

ὁδηγ-ός, ὁ, guide, Refs 2nd c.BC+; of a goddess, Refs 2nd c.AD+; part of a dirigible χελώνη, Refs 2nd c.BC+ adjective, ὁδηγὰ πλοῖα pilot-boats, Refs 2nd c.AD+

παρά-κλητος, ον, called to one's aid, in a court of justice: as substantive, legal assistant, advocate, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 summoned, δοῦλοι Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II intercessor, NT+1st c.AD+, of the Holy Spirit, NT

ἀνυπό-τακτος, ον, of persons or things, not made subject, τινίNT+1st c.AD+; unrestrained, free, Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 not to be classified under heads, confused, Refs 2nd c.BC+; irregular, ποιήματα, of dithyrambs, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II of persons, independent, Refs 2nd c.AD+; in bad sense, unruly, NT. adverb -τως impatiently, Refs 5th c.AD+ __III of Verbs, having no first aorist, Refs

ἀποδείκ-νῡμι (and ἀποδεικνύω Refs 5th c.BC+, Ionic dialect ἀποδέκνῦμι Refs 5th c.BC+future -δείξω, Ionic dialect -δέξω:— __A point away from other objects at one, and so: __A.I point out, display, make known, whether by deed or word, σφι γνώμαςRefs 5th c.BC+; proclaim, τὴν ἡμέρην “GDI” [same place];—passive, τῶν οῠρων ἀποδεχθέντωνRefs 4th c.BC+ __A.I.2 bring forward, produce, μαρτύρια τούτωνRefs 5th c.BC+participle, ὑγιέα τινὰ ἐόντα ἀ. produce him safe and sound, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.I.3 produce, deliver accounts, τὸν λόγονRefs __A.I.4 publish a law, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.I.5 appoint, assign, τέμενος ἀ. τινίRefs 5th c.BC+; τὴν τρίτην ἀ. ἐκκλησίαν to fix, prescribe it, Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, τοῖσί ἐστι χῶρος ἀποδεδεγμένοςRefs 5th c.BC+ __A.I.5.b with infinitive, κώμας ὅθεν ἀπέδειξαν οἱ ἡγεμόνες λαμβάνειν τὰ ἐπιτήδεια whence they appointed that they should receive.., Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, τοῖσι ἀποδεδέχθαι.. ἕλκειν (impersonal) it had been appointed them to draw, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.I.6 show by argument, prove, demonstrate, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὅτι.. Refs; πότερον.. ἢ.. Refs: with double accusative, prove one so and so, οὓς ἀποδείξω λέκτρων προδόταςRefs 5th c.BC+: followed by participle, ἀ. λόγῳ.. οὐδὲν μετεόνRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τινὰ λέγοντα οὐδέν make it evident that.., Refs __A.II show forth a person or thing as so and so, hence: __A.II.1 appoint, proclaim, create, ἀ. τινὰ στρατηγόνRefs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, στρατηγὸν εῖναιRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τούτους τὴν πόλιν νέμεινNT:—passive, to be so created, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὕπατος ἀποδεδειγμένος, = Latin consul designatus, Refs __A.II.2 make, render, mostly with an adjective, ἀ. τινὰς μοχθηροτάτους make them finished rascals, Refs 5th c.BC+: with a substantive, γέλωτα ἀ. τινάRefs: with participle, βλέποντ᾽ ἀποδείξω σ᾽ ὀξύτερον τοῦ ΛυγκέωςRefs 5th c.BC+ —passive, πολέμιοι ἀποδεδειγμένοι declared enemies, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.3 represent as, ἀ. παῖδα πατρὸς ἑωυτῶν ἕκαστον ἐόνταRefs 5th c.BC+:— passive, ἀνδραγαθίη δ᾽ αὕτη ἀποδέδεκται is represented, considered as.., Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐδὲ.. οὗτοι ἐν τοῖσι ἄλλοισι θεοῖσι ἀποδεδέχαται have not been considered, admitted among.., Refs:—these two last examples may be passive usages of ἀποδέχομαι. __A.II.4 with infinitive, ordain a thing or person to be, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.5 dedicate, consecrate, θέατρονRefs 1st c.AD+:—passive, νεὼς ἀποδέδεικταιRefs 2nd c.AD+ __B middle, show forth, exhibit something of one's own, ἀποδέξασθαι τὴν γνώμην deliver one's opinion, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. ἀρετάς display high qualities, Refs 5th c.BC+; of buildings and the like, μνημόσυνα ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐδεμίαν στρατηΐην ἀ. not to have any military service to show, Refs:—passive, ἔργα μεγάλα καὶ θαυμαστὰ.. ἀποδεχθέντα Refs __B.2 middle in active sense, ἀποδεδειγμένοι ἦσαν ὅτι had declared that.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __C passive, see above Refsaorist ἀπεδείχθην is always passive, as Refs 5th c.BC+; and so mostly perfect ἀποδέδειγμαι,Refs 5th c.BC+; but the participle of the latter is sometimes active, see above Refs 5th c.BC+

ἀσφᾰλίζω Refs 2nd c.BC+:—mostly in middle, future -ιοῦμαιRefs 1st c.AD+ but -ίσομαι Refs 1st c.BC+: perfect ἠσφάλισμαιRefs 2nd c.BC+pluperfect ἠσφάλιστοRefs: aorist ἠσφαλισάμηνRefs 1st c.AD+: some of these tenses are used in passive sense (see. below):—fortify, τὸν τόπονRefs 2nd c.BC+:—passive, NT __b secure, Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 more frequently in middle, secure, ἑαυτόνRefs 4th c.BC+; τὰς εἰσβολάς, τὴν χώραν, etc., Refs 2nd c.BC+; shut up, close, πύληνLXX; ὀφθαλμοὶ ἠσφαλισμένοι, opposed to ἀνεῳγμένοι, Refs; τοὺς πόδας ἠσφαλίσατο εἰς τὸ ξύλον made them fast, NT __3 secure the person of, arrest, τινάRefs 1st c.BC+; seize, τὰ γενήματα Refs 2nd c.BC+ __4 middle, certify, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II middle, secure oneself against, ward off, τὰς καταφορὰς τῶν μαχαιρῶνRefs 2nd c.BC+: absolutely, safeguard oneself, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.2 metaphorically in Rhet., safeguard a risky metaphor, ἀ. τὰς μεταφοράςRefs 4th c.BC+ — passive, λέξις ἠσφαλισμένη τοῖς συνδέσμοιςRefs

γυμν-άζω, future -άσω: aorist ἐγύμνασα Refs 4th c.BC+: perfect γεγύμνακα Refs (Lyric poetry):—middle, (see. below):—passive, aorist ἐγυμνάσθην [Refs 4th c.BC+: perfect γεγύμνασμαι (see. below): (γυμνός):—train naked, train in gymnastic exercise: generally, train, exercise, τὸ σῶμα, τὴν ψυχήν, Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, γ. τοὺς παῖδάς τι ποιεῖν train or accustom them to do a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; γ. τινά τινι accustom him to it,Refs 5th c.BC+; teach rhetoric, Refs 1st c.BC+.:—middle, exercise for oneself, practise, γυμνάσασθαι τέχνην Refs 5th c.BC+; practise gymnastic exercises, Refs 6th c.BC+, etc.; generally, practise, ναῦς -ομένας Refs 5th c.BC+; of a disputer, Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive, ὁ γεγυμνασμένος the trained or practised orator, opposed to ὁ εὐφυής, Refs; γεγυμνάσθαι πρός τι, ἔντινι, be trained or practised for or in a thing, NT+5th c.BC+ __2 prepare, βιβλίδιον Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II metaphorically, wear out, harass, ἄδην με.. πλάναι γεγυμνάκασι Refs 4th c.BC+; κρυμὸς.. πλευρὰ γυμνάζει χολῆς, of pleurisy, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, τοὺς ὑπερμήκεις δρόμους.. γυμνάζεται Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 investigate, Refs 6th c.AD+ __III ={γυμνόω}, Refs 6th c.AD+

μᾰθητ-εύω, to be pupil, τινι to one, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II transitive, make a disciple of, instruct, πάντα τὰ ἔθνη NT:—passive, NT

πειθαρχ-έω, obey one in authority, absolutely, πειθαρχεῖ.., ἄπληκτος ὥσπερ ἵππος Refs 5th c.BC+; ὡς ἂν.. τοῖς πηδαλίοις ἡ ναῦς π. Refs 5th c.BC+; στρατηγοῦ Refs 3rd c.BC+; τινος Refs 2nd c.BC+:—middle, ἔθνος.. πειθαρχέεσθαι ἑτοῖμον Refs 5th c.BC+

φρουρ-έω, poetical imperfect φρούρουν Refs 5th c.BC+: future -ήσωRefs 4th c.BC+: aorist ἐφρούρησα Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, future -ήσομαι in passive sense, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, aorist ἐφρουρήθηνRefs: perfect πεφρούρημαι Refs 5th c.BC+: (φρουρός):—keep watch or guard, ἐν Ἐλεφαντίνῃ Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.; of ships, φ. περὶ Ναύπακτον or ἐν Ναυπάκτῳ, Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. ἐπί τινι to keep watch over.., Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ φρουροῦντες the guardians, Refs 5th c.BC+; proverbial, ἐν παντὶ.. σκορπίος φ. λίθῳ Refs 5th c.BC+; generally, 'keep a sharp look-out', Refs __II transitive, watch, guard, τὴν χώρην Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν Ποτείδαιαν φ. garrison it, Refs 5th c.BC+; φυλακαῖσι φ. σῶμ᾽ Ὀδυσσέως set a watch over.. Refs 5th c.BC+ keep watch over it, of Prometheus, Refs 4th c.BC+; στόμα εὔφημον φρουρεῖν ἀγαθόν keep silence, NT+5th c.BC+:—passive, to be watched or guarded, Refs 5th c.BC+: of the watch kept by besiegers, κύκλῳ φρουρούμενος ὑπὸ πάντων πολεμίων Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.b hold in subjection, opposed to παραφυλάττειν, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.c Astrology texts, occupy, in passive, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.d bind, ἁλύσεσι πεφρουρημένος Refs __II.2 watch for, observe, φρουρῶν τόδ᾽ ἦμαρ Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. χρέος to be observant of one's duty, Refs __III middle, to be on one's guard against, beware of, with accusative, φρουρούμενος βέλεμνα Refs 5th c.BC+:—active also in the same sense, ἐφρούρει μηδὲν ἐξαμαρτάνειν Refs; φ. ὅπως or ὅπως ἂν.., with subjunctive, Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. μή.., with subjunctive, Refs

† [מִשְׁמַ֫עַת] n.f. obedient band, body of subjects;—only sf.: 1. prob. = body-guard, as especially bound to obedience, מִשְׁמַעְתֶּ֑ךָ 1 S 22:14 captain over thy guard (Ew Be Ch Dr Bu Now), cf. -תּוֹ 2 S 23:23 = 1 Ch 11:25. 2. -תָּם Is 11:14 the sons of Ammon (shall be) their subjects (‖ מוֹאָב מִשְׁלוֹחַ יָדָם; cf. משמעת MI 28).

ἀντιλαμβάνω, receive instead of, χρυσοῦ δώματα πλήρη τᾶς ἥβας ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+; mostly without a genitive, οὔτε κακοὺς εὖ δρῶν εὖ πάλιν ἀντιλάβοις receive in turn, Refs 6th c.BC+; ἀ. ἄλλην [χώραν] seize in return, get instead, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II mostly in middle, with perfect passive -είλημμαιRefs 5th c.BC+: with genitive, lay hold of, σαπροῦ πείσματος ἀντελάβουRefs 6th c.BC+; φιλίου χωρίου ἀ. gain or reach it, Refs 5th c.BC+ absolutely, -όμενος Refs 5th c.BC+. b. metaphoricallyc.genitive, lay hold of, τῆς σωτηρίας, τῆς ἐλευθερίας, τοῦ ἀσφαλοῦς, Refs; lay claim to, τοῦ θρόνουRefs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 help, take part with, assist, οὐκ ἀντιλήψεσθ;Refs 5th c.BC+; of persons, ἀ. Ἑλλήρων to take their part, NT+5th c.BC+passive, ἀντειλημμένη having received help, Refs __II.3 take part or share in a thing, take in hand, τῶν πραγμάτωνRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τοῦ λόγου seize on the conversation (to the interruption of the rest), Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 take hold of for the purpose of finding fault, reprehend, attack, ἡμῶνRefs 5th c.BC+; τοῦδε ἀντιλαβώμεθα let us attack the question, Refs; ἀ. ὡς ἀδύνατον.. to object that.., Refs __II.5 take fast hold of, i.e. captivate, ὁ λόγος ἀντιλαμβάνεταί μουRefs 2nd c.AD+ __II.6 of plants, take hold, Refs 4th c.BC+; of scions, unite, CPRefs __II.7 grasp with the mind, perceive, apprehend, Refs 5th c.BC+; noted as an obsol, word for συνίημι by Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III in middle also, hold back, ἵππου τῷ χαλινῷRefs 5th c.BC+; interrupt, Aud. Refs __IV active in sense of middle, Refs 3rd c.AD+

ἐπαρκ-έω, future -έσω (see. below): Epic dialect aorist infinitive ἐπαρκέσσαι Refs 3rd c.BC+:—to be strong enough for a thing, in Refs 8th c.BC+. with accusative of things et dative person, ward off something from one, οὐδέ τί οἱ τό γ᾽ ἐπήρκεσε λυγρὸν ὄλεθρον Refs 8th c.BC+prohibebit quominus.., Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 with accusative of things, ward off, prevent, ἐπαρκέσσαι κακότητα Refs 3rd c.BC+; σέ τοι μόνον δέδορκα πημονάν (Reiske for ποιμένων) ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 with dative person only, help, assist, NT+6th c.BC+: absolutely, τίς ἄρ᾽ ἐπαρκέσε; who will aid? Refs 5th c.BC+ __II supply, furnish, ἄκος δ᾽ οὐδὲν ἐπἤρκεσαν, τὸ μὴ πόλιν.. παθεῖν LXX+5th c.BC+; also ἐ. τινὶ τῶν ἑαυτοῦ impart to him a share of.., Refs 5th c.BC+: with dative of things, supply with, πέπλοις Refs 5th c.BC+ __III absolutely, to be sufficient, enough, ὅσσον ἐπαρκεῖ Refs 6th c.BC+; ἐπαρκέσει νόμος ὅδ᾽ this law shall prevail, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 stand to the credit of, with dative, γενεᾷ Refs 5th c.BC+

ἐπιμελ-έομαι, also ἐπιμελ-μέλομαι Refs 5th c.BC+; the contraction form prevails in codices, e.g.Refs 4th c.BC+, and is required by the metre in Refs: future ἐπιμελήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+; -μεληθήσομαι variant in Refs (Doric dialect 3rd.person etc for 1st.person, 2nd.person singular -θησεῖ Refs: aorist ἐπεμελήθην Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἐπιμεμέλημαι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.41: active only in Refs:—take care of, have charge or management of, rare in Poets, as Refs 5th c.BC+; [ὑπὲρ] τῆς στρατηγίας Refs 5th c.BC+: c.accusative et infinitive, take care that.. , Refs: c.genitive et infinitive, Refs with indicative future or subjunctive aorist, Foed. cited in Refs: with optative after an aorist, Refs; by ὅπως c.infinitive, Refs; by ὡς with optative (after past tenses), Refs; also ἐ. τινὸς ὅπως ἔσται 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthyphro” 2d; by ἵνα c.subjunctive, Refs 2nd c.BC+: with neuter adjective in accusative, take care with respect to a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+: with accusative cognate, ἐ. πᾶσαν ἐπιμέλειαν Refs: absolutely, give heed, attend, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2. of public commissions, have charge of, be inspector or curator of, τῶν μοριῶν ἐλαῶν Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁδῶν (of the Roman cura viarum) Refs —in _Attic dialect_ Inscrr., ἐπιμεληθῆναι (_infinitive_ = _imperative_) is usual of a definite commission, ποιήσεως “IG” 22.555, etc. (so -ηθέντωνRefs __3. to be engaged in, cultivate any pursuit, art, etc., δυοῖν τέχναιν Refs 5th c.BC+

λειτουργ-έω, earlier Attic dialect λητουργέω Refs 4th c.BC+, etc. (λειτ- 22.665.11 (3rd c.BC)): perfect λελειτούργηκα Refs 5th c.BC+ __I at Athens, serve public offices at one's own cost, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. ὑπέρ τινος serve these offices for another, Refs 4th c.BC+; τὰ λελειτουργημένα public services performed, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II generally, perform public duties, serve the state, τῇ πόλει Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. τῇ πόλει ταύτην τὴν λειτουργίανRefs 4th c.BC+ __III generally, serve a master, with dative, οἱ ἑνὶ λειτουργοῦντες τὰ τοιαῦτα δοῦλοι [εἰσι] Refs 4th c.BC+; λ. τρισὶν ἀνδράσιν, of a prostitute, Refs __III.2 perform religious service, minister, ἐπὶ τῶν ἱερῶν NT+1st c.BC+

νου-θεσία, Ionic dialect -ιη, ἡ, ={νουθέτησις}, Refs 5th c.BC+

παρα-θήκη, ἡ, anything entrusted to one. deposit, LXX+5th c.BC+; of persons, hostage, Refs 5th c.BC+

παρᾰκοή, ἡ, that which has been heard imperfectly, hearsay, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 misunderstanding, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II defect of hearing, Refs __III unwillingness to hear, disobedience, contumacy, NT

συντηρ-έω, keep or preserve closely, ἑαυτὸν ἀδωροδόκητονLXX; σ. [τὴν γνώμην] παρ᾽ ἑαυτῇ keep it close, NT+2nd c.BC+ __2 preserve, maintain, of grants or privileges, Refs 2nd c.BC+:—passive, Refs; ἀμφότεροι -οῦνται (i.e. ὅ τε οἶνος καὶ οἱ ἀσκοί) NT __3 observe strictly, τὸ τῆς φύσεως τέλος Refs 4th c.BC+; τὰ νόμιμαLXX+3rd c.BC+; τήν τε φιλίαν καὶ τὴν συμμαχίαν Refs 2nd c.BC+; σ. τὸ διάστημα keep distance, Refs 1st c.BC+ __4 watch one's opportunity, συντηροῦντα παίειν Refs 1st c.AD+ __5 watch over, protect, τοῖς φυλακίταις (i.e. συντάξαι) συντηρῆσαι τὰ.. γενήματα Refs 1st c.BC+

ὑπήκοος, ον, (ἀκοή) hearkening, ἀμφοτέροισι perhaps answering with both gifts, Refs; a hearer, scholar, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II obeying, subject, with genitive, Πέρσας Μήδων ὑπηκόους ἐποίησε Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 with dative, Refs 5th c.BC+; also ναυσὶ καὶ οὐ φόρῳ ὑ. liable to furnish.. (compare ὑποτελής), Refs 5th c.BC+; τροφὴ ὑ. τῇ πέψει easy of digestion, Refs 1st c.AD+; ὕλη ὑ. phlegm easily brought up, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III absolutely as substantive, ὑπήκοοι, οἱ, subjects, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ὑ. (i.e. χώρα) Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὸ ὑ. ={οἱ ὑ}., τὸ ὑ. τῶν ξυμμάχων Refs 5th c.BC+; the subject allies of Athens were called ὑπήκοοι, opposed to αὐτόνομοι, Refs 5th c.BC+

ὑπηρετ-έω, future -ήσωRefs 2nd c.AD+, etc.: pluperfect ὑπηρετήκειν Refs 5th c.BC+:—properly do service on board ship, as a rower (compare ὑπηρέτης, ὑπηρεσία), Refs 3rd c.BC+:—passive, πλοῖον ὑπὸ δύο ἀνθρώπων ὑπηρετεῖσθαι δυνάμενον Refs 1st c.BC+ __II to be a servant, do service, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to ἄρχω, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 with dative, minister to, serve, τῷ παρόντι δαίμονι Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. τῷ χρηστηρίῳ submit to its ruling, Refs 5th c.BC+; [νόμῳ, λόγῳ], Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. τοῖς τρόποις humour his ways, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῷδ᾽ ὑ. λόγῳ second, support it, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 ὑ. τινὶ εἴς or πρός τι, Refs 5th c.BC+; also ὑ. τινί τι serve one in a thing, οἷς σὺ ταῦθ᾽ ὑπηρετεῖς Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3.b in financial sense, τὸν δὲ ταμίαν εἰς τὸ ἀνάλωμα ὑπηρετῆσαι Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3.c at Athens, serve as ὑπηρέτης of the Council, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3.d in the Mithraic cult, to be a ὑπηρέτης or servitor, Refs __II.3.e render military service, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.4 absolutely, serve, be subordinate, opposed to προστάττω, Refs 4th c.BC+ adjective, etc., τὰ λοίφ᾽ ὑ. help in what remains to be done, Refs 5th c.BC+; and with cognate accusative, ὑ. τὰς διακονικὰς πράξεις Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, to be done as service, τὰ ἀπ᾽ ἡμέων ἐς ὑμέας ὑπηρετέεται Refs 5th c.BC+; χρὴ σὴ τό γε ἐμὸν ὑπηρετέεσθαι that my service should be rendered, Refs 5th c.BC+—The middle occurs in late texts, as Refs 1st c.AD+; τὸ -ούμενον the retinue, Refs 1st c.AD+; future -ήσομαιRefs 3rd c.AD+; but in Refs 5th c.BC+

† [עַבְדוּת] n.f. servitude, bondage;—sf. עַבְדֻתֵנוּ Ez 9:8, 9; עַבְדֻתָם Ne 9:17 (cf. Syriac ܥܰܒܕܽܘܬܳܐ ).

βοήθ-εια, ἡ (Doric dialect βοάθοια Refs, help, aid, Refs 5th c.BC+; βοήθειαν ἔχειν πρὸς ὑγίειαν, πρὸς τὴν ἑκάστου ὑπερβολὴν μηχανᾶσθαι, Refs 4th c.BC+: nominative singular, as exclamation 'help!', NT+5th c.BC+ __2 medical aid, cure, κίνδυνος ἰσχυρότερος πάσης β. Refs 1st c.AD+ __II force of auxiliaries, ἡ παρὰ Διονυσίου β. Refs 5th c.BC+

διατηρ-έω, Boeotian dialect δια-τᾱρέω Refs 2nd c.BC+, but Doric dialect δια-τηρέω Refs:— watch closely, observe, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 maintain, τὴν ἐλευθερίαν Decrees cited in Refs 4th c.BC+ —middle, -εῖται τὸν καιρόν observes,Refs:—passive, ὅταν διατηρηθῶσιν οἱ νόμοι τῇ πόλει Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 with predicates, βοῦς ἐννέα ἔτη δ. ἀνοχεύτους Refs 4th c.BC+ __4 δ. ἑαυτὸν ἔκ τινος keep oneself from.., NT

ἐπιχορηγ-ία, ἡ, supply, provision, τῆς ἐ. γενομένης ἐκ τῶν ἱερῶν προσόδων Refs 1st c.AD+; πᾶν τὸ σῶμα..συμβιβαζόμενον διὰ πάσης ἁφῆς τῆς ἐπιχορηγίας, ={διὰ πασῶν τῶν ἐπιχορηγουσῶν ἁφῶν} (compare ἐπιχορηγέω near the end), NT

καθηγ-ητής, οῦ, ὁ, guide, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 teacher, professor, NT+1st c.BC+, etc.:— also καθηγ-ητήρ, ῆρος, ὁ, Refs 4th c.AD+, Doric dialect καθᾱγ-, κελεύθου Refs:—feminine καθηγ-ήτειρα Refs 3rd c.BC+

ὀφθαλμο-δουλεία, ἡ, eye-service, NT

συναντι-λαμβάνομαι, middle, help in gaining a thing, τῆς ἐλευθερίας Refs 3rd c.BC+; τῆς θεραπείας Refs 1st c.BC+; assist in supporting, τὴν ὁρμὴν τοῦ λαοῦ LXX: absolutely, render assistance, περί τινων Refs 3rd c.BC+; εἴς τι Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II with dative, take part with, help, LXX+NT

ἀμύνω [ῡ], Epic dialect imperfect ἄμῡνονRefs 8th c.BC+future ἀμῠνῶ, Ionic dialect -ῠνέωRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist 1 ἤμῡνα, Epic dialect ἄμυνα [ᾰμ] Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist 2, see at {ἀμυνάθω}:—middle, Epic dialect imperfect ἀμυνόμην Refs: future ἀμυνοῦμαι: aorist 1 ἠμυνάμην: aorist 2, see at {ἀμυνάθω}:—passive rare (see. below c):—keep off, ward off, Refs 8th c.BC+ —Construction: __1 with accusative of the person or thing to be kept off, with dative person for or from whom danger averted, Δαναοῖσιν λοιγὸν ἄμυνον ward off ruin from the Danai, Refs 8th c.BC+. b. with dative only, defend, aid, succour, ἀ. ὤρεσσι, σοῖσιν ἔτῃσι, Refs 8th c.BC+; τοιαῦτ᾽ ἀμύνεθ᾽ Ἡρακλεῖ such aid ye give to H., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τῇ πόλει, τῷ δήμῳ, Refs 5th c.BC+ —with infinitive added, τοῖς μὲν οὐκ ἠμύνατε σωθῆναι so that they might be saved, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 with accusative et genitive, Τρῶας ἄμυνε νεῶν he kept the Trojans off from the ships, Refs 8th c.BC+ defend the ships, Refs __3 absolutely, succour, χεῖρες ἀμύνειν hands to aid, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀμυνέσθω let him be driven away, Refs 5th c.BC+

ἀντί-ληψις, later ἀντί-λημψις, εως, ἡ, receiving in turn or exchange, Refs 5th c.BC+; counterclaim, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II (from middle) laying hold of in turn, reciprocation, Refs 4th c.BC+; of cultivated plants, giving a return, Refs 4th c.BC+; of a vine laying hold by its tendrils, Refs __II.b taking in hand, τοῦ λ[ε]ιτουργήματος Refs 4th c.AD+ __II.2 ={ἀντιλαβή}, hold, support, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a bandage, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. διδόναι τινί give one a handle, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.3 defence, succour, NT+2nd c.BC+ __II.4 claim to a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 objection, Refs 5th c.BC+: in forensic oratory, plea of justification, Refs 2nd c.AD+; discussion, θεολογικὴ ἀ.Refs 4th c.AD+ __II.6 grasping with the mind, apprehension, Refs 4th c.BC+; οὐκ ἐπιστρέφει τὴν ἀ. does not attract the attention, [Refs 3rd c.AD+; of sensuous perception, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.7 of disease, seizure, attack, τῶν ἀκρωτηρίωνRefs 5th c.BC+

ἀσκέω, work raw materials, εἴρια, κέρα, Refs 8th c.BC+; work curiously, form by art, [κρητῆρα] Σιδόνες πολυδαίδαλοι εὖ ἤσκησανRefs 8th c.BC+; πτύξασα καὶ ἀσκήσασα χιτῶνα having folded and smoothed it,Refs 8th c.BC+; χορὸν ἤσκησενRefs 5th c.BC+: added in aorist participle to Verbs, [θρόνον] τεύξει ἀσκήσας elaborately, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 of personal adornment, dress out, trick out, ἀ. τινὰ κόσμῳRefs 5th c.BC+decks herself, Refs 5th c.BC+ —frequently in passive, σκιεροῖς ἠσκημένα γυίοις furnished with.., Refs 5th c.BC+; of buildings, παστὰς ἠσκημένη στύλοισιRefs 5th c.BC+; σῶμα λόγοις ἠσκ. tricked out with words only, not real, Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, σῶμ᾽ ὅπλοις ἠσκήσατο adorned his own person, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 in Refs 5th c.BC+, honour a divinity, do him reverence, δαίμον᾽ ἀσκήσω θεραπεύωνRefs __II practise, exercise, train, especially in Prose and Comedy texts, properly of athletic exercise, __II.1 with accusative of person or thing, ἀ. τὸν υἱὸν τὸν ἐπιχώριον τρόπονRefs 5th c.BC+:—passive, σώματα εὖ ἠσκημέναRefs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 with accusative of the thing practised, ἀ. τέχνην, πεντάεθλον, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. παγκράτιον, στάδιον, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 with infinitive, ἄσκει τοιαύτη μένειν practise, endeavour to remain such, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. γαστρὸς κρείττους εἶναι, τοὺς φίλους ἀγαθὰ ποιεῖν, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἤσκει ἐξομιλεῖν παντοδαποῖς he made a practice of associating.., Refs __II.4 absolutely, practise, go into training, Refs 5th c.BC+those who practise gymnastics, Refs 5th c.BC+

Included with: βοηθ-όος, Doric dialect βοᾱ-, ον, (βοή, θέω, compare βοη-δρόμος) hasting to the cry for help or the call to arms, Refs 8th c.BC+; β. ἅρμα a chariot hasting to the battle, Refs __II aiding, helping, Refs 5th c.BC+:— substantive, helper, probably Refs 3rd c.BC+:—in Prose βοηθός, όν, assisting, auxiliary, νῆες Refs 5th c.BC+; frequently as substantive, assistant, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ στρατηγοῦ Refs 3rd c.AD+

διαφῠλάσσω, Attic dialect διαφυλάττω, Cretan dialect διαφυλάδδω (written διαφυλάδω), Refs:— watch closely, guard carefully, τὰ τείχεα, τὴν πόλιν, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially of providential care, LXX+2nd c.AD+, etc.:—middle, guard for oneself, πόλιν Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 observe closely, τὰ μέτρα Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 observe, maintain, τοὺς νόμους Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰρήνην Philipp. cited in Refs 4th c.BC+; δ. τὸ μὴ σπουδάζειν guard against being too particular.., Refs 5th c.BC+; πλῆθος δ. ὅτι μάλιστα ταὐτὸν αὑτῶν εἶναι take care that.., Refs __4 remember, retain, Refs 2nd c.AD+

ἐπικουρ-ία, Ionic dialect -ιη, ἡ, aid, succour, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. ποιεῖσθαί τινι Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀπολογίας towards one's defence, Refs; σκυτίνη 'πικ., ={ὄλισβος}, Refs __II. auxiliary force, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2. position of the ἐπίκουροι (in Plato's Republic), Refs __III. prayer for aid, entreaty, Refs 3rd c.BC+

ἐπιμέλ-εια, ἡ, written -εα “IG” 22.483.24 Refs 4th c.BC+; Ionic dialectgenitive -λίης Ps.-Refs 5th c.BC+: —care bestowed upon a thing, attention paid to it, and absolutely, attention, diligence, Prose word, once in Refs 5th c.BC+: in plural, pains, Refs 5th c.BC+ (hence, of medical treatment, Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸς τοὺς θεούς, πρὸς τὴν πόλιν, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐπιμέλειάν τινος ποιεῖσθαι, ἔχειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to ἐπιμελείας τυγχάνειν to have attention paid to one, Refs 3rd c.AD+; ἐ. παρὰ τοῦ δαιμονίου 4th c.BC: Hyperides Orator “Epitaphius” 43; δι᾽ ἐπιμελείας ἔχειν τινά 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 7.14; ἐπιμελείᾳ, κατ᾽ ἐπιμέλειαν, with diligence, Refs 5th c.BC+; μετὰ πάσης ἐ. Refs __2. a commission or charge, Refs; ἡ τῶν ἐφήβων ἐ., a special office at Athens, Refs; so πρὸς τῇ ἐ. τῶν χρηματιστῶν, ={ἐπιμελητὴς τῶν χρ}., Refs 1st c.AD+ __3. any employment or pursuit, interpolated in Refs pursuits which demand zeal, Refs

εὐπειθ-ής, ές, (compare εὐπιθής) ready to obey, obedient, τινι Refs 5th c.BC+; -έστατοι πρὸς ἀρετήνRefs; compliant, εὐ. γεγονέναι LXX+1st c.BC+. etc.; of things, as of the voice, under control, Refs 4th c.BC+; ὕλη (material) εἰς ἅπαν εὐ. Refs 2nd c.AD+; of food, Refs 1st c.AD+ adverb -θῶςRefs __II active, persuasive, of a rein, ἐϋπειθέϊ δεσμῷ Refs 4th c.BC+

Included with: εὐπάρεδρος, ον, constantly attending, τὸ εὐ. τῷ Κυρίῳ constant waiting on the Lord, NT+5th c.AD+

Related to: μᾰθητ-ής, οῦ, ὁ, learner, pupil, τῆς Ἑλλάδος Refs 5th c.BC+; of dancing, Refs 4th c.BC+: frequently in Attic dialect of the pupils of philosophers and rhetoricians, οὐ θέμις πλὴν τοῖς μ. λέγειν Refs 5th c.BC+ with genitive _of things_, τούτου τοῦ μαθήματος μ. a studentofit, Refs; μ. ἰατρικῆς a student of medicine,Refs; apprentice, Refs 2nd c.AD+

ξενο-δοκέω, Ionic dialect ξεινο-, entertain guests or strangers. Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.:—later ξενο-δοχέω, NT+1st c.BC+ __II testify, Refs 5th c.BC+:— middle, Refs 5th c.AD+

προσεδρ-εύω, sit near, wait or watch beside, πυρᾷ Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τινί to be always at his side, keep watch on him, Refs 4th c.BC+; τοῖς πράγμασι, τοῖς καιροῖς, Refs 2nd c.BC+; [τοῖς ἐφήβοις] προσκαρτερῶν ἐπιμελῶς καὶ -εύων, of a κοσμητής, Refs; π. τῷ θεῷ wait upon God, Refs 1st c.AD+; attend to, τοῖς τῆς Ἀσίας πράγμασιν Refs 1st c.BC+; τῇ θεραπείᾳ τοῦ θεοῦ Refs 5th c.BC+; watch the rise of the Nile, Refs 3rd c.AD+; persist in, ταῖς φιλοπονίαις Refs 4th c.BC+; apply oneself, λίαν Refs 4th c.BC+; πρὸς ἴδιον to one's own affairs,Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 besiege, ταῖς Συρακούσαις Refs 2nd c.BC+ __3 wait, προσέδρευσα ἐφ᾽ ἡμέρας δύο ἐκδεχόμενός σε Refs 2nd c.AD+; especially attend at a law-court, παρεῖναι καὶ π. τῷ βήματι Refs 3rd c.AD+; attend regularly, serve, as clerk of the court, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __4 to be in seruice, serve, πρὸς τῷ διδασκαλείῳ (as a menial), Refs 4th c.BC+; of an apprentice, π. τῷ διδασκάλῳ Refs 2nd c.AD+; of a servant, παραμένειν.. καὶ π. Refs 6th c.AD+

πρόστᾰτ-ις, ιδος, feminine of προστάτης, ἐὰν.. θέληθ᾽ ὁμοῦ προστάτισι ταῖς σεμναῖσι.. θεαῖς (Dind. for ἐὰν.. θέλητέ μου πρὸς ταῖσι ταῖς σ.) Refs 5th c.BC+; προστάτιν ἐπιγράφεσθαί τινα Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὴν ἰδίαν π., of Rhea, probably in Refs

συμμᾰθητής, οῦ, ὁ, fellow-disciple, schoolfellow, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐγένονθ᾽ ἑαυτῶν συμμαθηταὶ τῆς τέχνης fellow-pupils in the art, Refs 4th c.BC+

συνυπουργέω, join in serving, co-operate with, τινι NT+5th c.BC+

φῠλᾰκ-τήριον, τό, guarded post, fort, castle, Refs 5th c.BC+: especially an outpost communicating with fortifications, Refs 5th c.BC+: plural, guardrooms, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 safeguard, security, Refs 5th c.BC+: preservative, Refs 4th c.BC+; amulet, Refs 1st c.AD+; among the Jews φυλακτήρια were small rolls of parchment with texts from the Law written on them, bound to the forehead by persons praying, NT; φ. χρυσᾶ, symbols denoting the kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt, Refs 2nd c.BC+; amulet, Refs __3 perhaps guard or chain, PLond.unpublished2199.

χειρᾰγωγ-ός, όν, leading, guiding, χ. ἀρχή Refs __2 substantive, leader, guide, ἔχει.. χ. τὸν πλοῦτον ὁ γέρων NT+4th c.BC+; θεοῖς ἕπεσθαι χειραγωγοῖς ἡγούμενοι Refs 4th c.AD+

† מוּסָר n.m. Pr 15:10 discipline (of the moral nature), chastening, correction;—מ׳ Je 2:30 + 31 times (Ez 5:15 del. Co); cstr. מוּסַר Dt 11:2 + 14 times (for Jb 12:18 see אסר); sf. מוּסָרִי Pr 8:10; מוּסָֽרְךָ Is 26:16; מֹסָרָם Jb 33:16 (for מֻסָרָם Di);— 1. a. discipline, correction, of God, Dt 11:2 מוּסַר י׳ the discipline of י׳ (of Y.’s wonders, as exercising a disciplinary, educating influence upon Israel, cf. Dr); לקח מ׳ Je 17:23; 32:33; 35:13 Zp 3:2, 7; ψ 50:17 Jb 33:16; 36:10; מ׳ כְּלִמָּתִי the correction of (i.e. which leadeth to) my shame Jb 20:3. b. מ׳ הבלים עֵץ הוּא the discipline of unreal gods is wood (is like themselves, destitute of true moral force) Je 10:8; Ez 5:15 = warning example (?) Ew Sm (‖ שְׁמָמָה; del. 𝔊 Co). c. in Proverbs, discipline in the school of wisdom: חכמה ומ׳ 1:2, 7; 23:23; מ׳ חכמה discipline of wisdom 15:33; מ׳ הַשְׂכֵּל 1:3; תוכחות מ׳ 6:23; הָבִיאָה לַמּ׳ לִבֶּ֑ךָ 23:12 apply thy mind to discipline; קבּל מ׳ 19:20; לקח מ׳ 1:3; 8:10; 24:32 (cf. Je supr.); קנה מ׳ 23:23; שׁמע מ׳ 8:33; 19:27; שׁמר מ׳ 10:17; אהב מ׳ 12:1; החזק במ׳ 4:13; the reverse שׂנא מ׳ 5:12; פרע מ׳ 13:18; 15:32; בזה מ׳ 1:7; באין מ׳ for lack of discipline 5:23 (‖ בְּרֹב אִיַּלְתּוֹ); מ׳ אֱוִלִים אִוֶּלֶת 16:22 the discipline of fools is folly; of paternal discipline, correction, Pr. 1:8; 4:1; 13:1. 2. more severely, chastening, chastisement: a. of God, מ׳ יהוה Pr 3:11 chastening of Yahweh; מ׳ שׁדַּי Jb 5:17; מוּסָֽרְךָ Is 26:16 מ׳ שְׁלוֹמֵנוּ עָלָיו Is 53:5 chastisement of (i.e. leading to) our peace was upon him; לקח מ׳ Je 2:30; 5:3; 7:28; מ׳ אַכְזָרִי Je 30:14 chastisement of a cruel one, MT, but read מוּסָר א׳ cruel chastisement, Gf and especially Gie; אני מ׳ לְכֻלָּם Ho 5:2 I am a chastisement for them all. b. of man, Pr 15:5; 23:13; שִׁחֲרוֹ מ׳ 13:24; שֵׁבֶט מ׳ 22:15; מ׳ אויל 7:22 chastisement of a fool; מוּסָר רָע 15:10 grievous chastisement.

† [נְטַר] vb. keep (𝔗 Syriac; v. BH I. נצר, and (rarely) נָטַר);— Pe. Pf. 1 s. מִלְּתָא בְּלִבִּי נִטְרֵת Dn 7:28.

† [נְתִינִין] n.m.pl. Nethinîn (prob. loan-word from BH נְתִינִים, √ נָתַן);—servants of sanctuary, emph. נְתִינַיָּא Ezr 7:24.

† [סְעַד] vb. Pa. support, sustain (𝔗 Zinj.; v. BH);—Pt. act. pl. מְסַעֲדִין לְהוֹן Ezr 5:2.

† I. [עָדַר] vb. prob. (si vera l.) help (Aramaic loan-word, Syriac ܥܕܰܪ, 𝔗 עֲדַר (rare) = Heb. עזר q.v.; > Thes, assuming meaning arrange, order);— Qal Inf. cstr. לַעֲדֹר 1 Ch 12:34 (Baer Ginsb; van d. H. v 33; this meaning also 𝔊 𝔙); but לַעֲוֹר (cf. v 18, 22, 23. van d. H. v 17, 21, 22), so Kau Buhl; Pt. pl. cstr. עֹדְרֵי מַעֲרָכָה v 39 (van d. H. v 38), read עֹרְכֵי (q.v. v 34) 𝔊 Kau; see עָרַךְ" dir="rtl" >ערך.

† [עוּשׁ] vb. si vera l., lend aid, come to help (Arabic غَاثَ iv. aid, succour; Sab. עֿותֿ n. help, Sab Denkm 91; Nab. Sin. עות in n.pr. Lzb 337 Cook 90);— Qal Imv. mpl. עוּשׁוּ וָבֹאוּ Jo 4:11 but dub.; Gr Dr, plausibly, חוּשׁוּ; Che Expos., Nov. 1897, 365 גְּשׁוּ (√ נגשׁ); עוּרוּ We Now.

† [שִׁלְיָה] n.f. after-birth ( = Arabic سَلًا, Aramaic שִׁילְיְתָא, ܫܠܻܝܬܳܐ );—sf. שִׁלְיָתָהּ Dt 28:57.

† II. [שְׁמַשׁ] vb. Pa. minister (𝔗 Pa. id., תַּשְׁמִישׁ use; Palm. שמש, תשמיש, SAC 114, cf. 122 Lzb 379; Syriac ܫܰܡܶܫ, ܬܶܫܡܶܫܬܳܐ; Chr-Pal. ܫܡܫ Pa, ܬܫܡܫ; NH שִׁמֵּשׁ, תַּשְׁמ��ישׁ; Egyptian šms, servant, Kopt. šemše, cf. WMM in Buhl 14);—Impf. 3 mpl. sf. יְשַׁמְּשׁוּנֵּהּ Dn 7:10 were ministering to him.

† תַּלְמִיד n.[m.] scholar (late; NH) 1 Ch 25:8.