H6789 H6789
To put an end to, destroy, annihilate; passively to perish or be cut off; intensively to consume utterly.
A forceful verb of total destruction, used almost exclusively in poetry and lament. David declares 'I destroyed those who hate me' (2 Sam 22:41), the Psalmist pleads 'destroy them!' (Ps 54:5), and in Lamentations the enemies 'silenced my life in the pit' (Lam 3:53). The Arabic cognate means 'to silence,' and that undertone persists — this is not mere damage but definitive ending. Spanish captures the range well: 'destruir' (destroy) for the Hifil, 'desaparecer' (vanish) for the Nifal, and 'consumir' (consume) for the Piel's intensive force.
Senses
1. destroy, annihilate (Hifil) — To destroy or annihilate (Hifil causative): the dominant sense, used of cutting off enemies, nations, or the wicked. David destroyed those who rose against him (2 Sam 22:41; Ps 18:40), the Psalmist prays for God to destroy his foes (Ps 54:5; 101:8), and those far from God 'perish' (Ps 73:27). Spanish 'destruir' and French 'anéantir' consistently render this total, decisive destruction. 10×
AR["أَبِدهُم","أَهْلَكْتَ","أُبيد","أُبِيدُهُمْ","تُبِيدُ","فَأُصْمِتُهُمْ","مُهْلِكيَّ","يُبِيدُهُمْ"]·ben["আমি-তাদের-ধ্বংস-করব","আমি-ধ্বংস-করব","এবং-নির্মূল-করব-তাদের","তিনি-তাদের-ধ্বংস-করবেন","তুমি-ধ্বংস-করেছ","ধ্বংস-কর-তাদের","নির্মূল-কর","যারা-আমাকে-ধ্বংস-করে"]·DE["cut-off","du-setzen-ein-enden-zu","ich-vernichtet","ich-wird-vernichten","jene-der-würde-abgeschnitten-mich-weg","und-ich-zerstoere-ihnen","vernichten-ihnen","wird-abgeschnitten-ihnen-weg"]·EN["I-destroyed","I-will-destroy","You-put-an-end-to","and-I-destroy-them","cut-off","destroy-them","those-who-would-cut-me-off","will-cut-them-off"]·FR["anéantir","de-anéantir","et-je-détruis-eux","le-anéantir"]·heb["אצמית","אצמיתם","הצמית-ם","הצמתה","ו-אצמית-ם","יצמיתם","מצמיתי","תצמית"]·HI["और-नाश-करूंगा-उन्हें","तूने-नाश-कर-दिया-है","नाश-कर","नाश-कर-उन्हें","नाश-करूँगा","मैं-नाश-करूँगा","वह-नाश-करेगा-उन्हें"]·ID["Engkau-melenyapkan","akan-memusnahkan-mereka","aku-binasakan","aku-membinasakan-mereka","binasakanlah","dan-aku-membungkam-mereka","yang-hendak-membinasakan-aku"]·IT["distrusse","e-io-distruggi-loro"]·jav["Panjenengan-sampun-nyirnakaken","badhé-numpes-sami","kula-badhé-numpes","kula-numpes","kula-sirnakaken","lan","mugi-numpes","tiyang-ingkang-nyirnakaken-kawula"]·KO["그들-을-끊으시리라","그리고-잘라-버렸다-그들을","끊으소서","내-가-끊으리라","멸하나이다","멸하려는-자-들-이","멸하셨나이다","멸하시소서"]·PT["destruirei","destruirás","destruíste","e-aniquilo-os","eu-os-destruirei","os-destruirá","os-destrói","os-que-me-destroem"]·RU["буду-истреблять","губители-мои","и-истреблю-их","истреби","истреби-их","истребил-Ты","истребит-их","истреблю"]·ES["destruirás","destruiré","destrúyelos","has-destruido","los-destruirá","los-destruiré","los-que-me-destruyen","y-los-destruí"]·SW["atawakatilia-mbali","na-nikawaangamiza","nitamwangamiza","nitawaangamiza","unawaangamiza","uwaangamize","wanaoniangamiza"]·TR["susturacaksın","susturacağım","ve-kestim-onları","yok-eder","yok-et","yok-et-onları","yok-etmeye-çalışanlar","yok-ettim"]·urd["اور-میں-نے-نابود-کیا-اُنہیں","اُنہیں-نیست-کرے-گا","تُو-نے-خاموش-کر-دیا","مٹانے-والے-میرے","میں-تباہ-کروں-گا","میں-خاموش-کر-دوں-گا","نابود-کر","کاٹ-ڈال-اُنہیں"]
2. be cut off, perish, vanish (Nifal) — To be cut off, perish, or vanish (Nifal passive): the subject is destroyed or disappears. Dried-up wadis 'vanish' in the heat (Job 6:17), and Job says he is 'not silenced' despite the darkness (Job 23:17). Spanish 'desaparecer' (vanish) and 'fui destruido' (I was destroyed) capture the passive dissolution implied by this stem. 2×
AR["أُصْمَتُ","تَنْقَطِعُ"]·ben["আমি-ধ্বংস-হয়েছি","তারা-মুছে-যায়"]·DE["[נצמתו]","[נצמתי]"]·EN["I-was-silenced","they-vanish"]·FR["נצמתו","נצמתי"]·heb["נצמתו","נצמתי"]·HI["मैं-नष्ट-हुआ","सूख-जाते-हैं"]·ID["aku-dibungkam","mereka-kering"]·IT["Io-era-silenced","they-vanish"]·jav["kawula-dipunsirnakaken","sami-ical"]·KO["끊어졌나니","끊어진다"]·PT["fui-cortado","são-cortados"]·RU["иссякают","истреблён-я"]·ES["desaparecen","fui-destruido"]·SW["sikukatiliwa-mbali","vinakauka"]·TR["kesilirler","susturuldum"]·urd["خشک-ہو-جاتے-ہیں","میں کاٹا گیا"]
3. destroy utterly, consume (Piel) — To destroy utterly or consume (Piel intensive): an intensification of the basic destruction, emphasizing thoroughness or overwhelming force. Zeal 'has consumed me' (Ps 119:139) and terrors 'have destroyed me' (Ps 88:16). Spanish 'consumir' (consume) and 'destruir' (destroy) both appear, with the Piel marking a personal, existential quality of being overwhelmed to the point of annihilation. 2×
AR["أَفْنَتْنِي","أَهْلَكَتْنِي"]·ben["আমাকে-শেষ-করেছে","শেষ-করেছে"]·DE["haben-vernichtet-mich","hat-verzehrt-mich"]·EN["has-consumed-me","have-destroyed-me"]·FR["anéantir"]·heb["צימתותני","צימתתני"]·HI["नाश-किया-मुझे"]·ID["Membinasakan-aku","membinasakan-aku"]·IT["distrusse"]·jav["Nyirnakaken-kula","nyirnakaken-kula"]·KO["나-를-끊었나이다","소멸하였나이다-나-를"]·PT["Consumiu-me","me-destruíram"]·RU["Сокрушила-меня","истребили-меня"]·ES["Me-consumió","me-destruyeron"]·SW["imeniangamiza","vimeniangamiza"]·TR["tüketti-beni","yok-etti-beni"]·urd["تباہ-کیا","ختم-کر-دیا-مجھے"]
4. put an end to, silence (Qal) — To put an end to or silence (Qal basic stem): the unaugmented root meaning of cutting off or terminating. In Lam 3:53 enemies 'silenced my life in the pit,' echoing the Arabic cognate 'to be silent.' Spanish 'cortaron' (they cut off) preserves the concrete, terminal force of the Qal — a single decisive act of ending. 1×
AR["أَمَاتُوا"]·ben["নির্মূল-করেছে"]·DE["[צמתו]"]·EN["They-silenced"]·FR["[צמתו]"]·heb["צמתו"]·HI["समाप्त-कर-दिया"]·ID["Mereka-mengakhiri"]·IT["[צמתו]"]·jav["Piyambakipun-sami-mungkasi"]·KO["그들-이-끊었네"]·PT["Cortaram"]·RU["Заключили"]·ES["Cortaron"]·SW["Wameukata"]·TR["Susturdular"]·urd["خاموش-کیا"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)H3117 1. day, specific time (2231×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H5704 1. until, unto, as far as (1238×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H8141 1. year, unit of time (880×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H6258 1. and now (421×)G2250 1. day (388×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H4421 1. war, battle, armed conflict (319×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5750 1. again, more, further (288×)H0341 1. enemy, adversary, foe (284×)H5769 1. forever, to eternity (280×)H6256 1. time, period (264×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [צָמַת] vb. put an end to, exterminate, poet. and (in Qal, Pi.) hyperb. (proposes compress, NH id., press together; Arabic صَمَتَ is be silent, ii, iv. make speechless, silence; Syriac ܨܡܰܬ be silent (in Lexx));— Qal Pf. 3 pl. צָֽמְתוּ … חַיָּ֑י La 3:53 they have put an end to my life (Bu conj. Pi.). Niph. be ended, annihilated; Pf. 1 s. נִצְמַתִּי מִפְּנֵי־חשֶׁךְ Jb 23:17 I am [not]…