H1602 H1602
abhor, loathe; be defiled, be rejected; fail, break down
Senses
1. abhor, loathe — Qal active sense: to feel intense disgust or revulsion toward someone or something. All six languages converge on abhorrence/loathing vocabulary: eng abhor/loathe, spa aborrecer, hin घृणा करना, arb كره/قرف, kor 협오하다, swa -chukia. Covers all Qal inflections (perfect, imperfect, conjunctive perfect, participle, with pronominal suffixes). 8×
AR["أَكْرَهْهُمْ","الْمُقْرِفَةُ","تَرْفُضُ","تَكْرَهُ","قَرِفْنَ","كَرِهَتْ","وَ-تَكْرَهُ"]·ben["এবং-ঘৃণা-করবে","ঘৃণা-করবে","ঘৃণা-করে","ঘৃণা-করেছিল","ঘৃণা-করেছিলাম-তাদের","ঘৃণা-করেছে","ঘৃণাকারিণী"]·DE["[געלה]","[געלו]","[געלת]","ich-verabscheute-ihnen","und-wird-verabscheuen","verabscheut","verabscheute","wird-verabscheuen"]·EN["I-abhorred-them","abhorred","abhors","and-will-abhor","has-loathed","loathed","loathing","will-abhor"]·FR["[געלה]","abhorred","abhorrer","abhors","et-fera-abhor","fera-abhor","je-abhorred-eux"]·heb["גועלת","געלה","געלו","געלתים","ו-געלה","תגעל"]·HI["और-घृणा करेगी","घृणा करेगी","घृणा किया","घृणा-करती-है","घृणा-करनेवाली","घृणा-की","मैंने घृणा किया उनसे"]·ID["Aku-muak-terhadap-mereka","dan-jiwa-Ku-akan-muak","dibenci","jijik-kepada","jiwa-Ku-akan-muak","jiwamu-muak","yang-jijik-kepada"]·IT["[געלה]","[געלו]","[געלת]","abhorred","abhors","e-fara-abhor","fara-abhor","io-abhorred-loro"]·jav["Kawula-jijik-piyambakipun","Paduka-jijik","ingkang-jijik","jijik","lan-jijik"]·KO["그리고-협오할것이다","나는-협오하였다-그들을","싫어하셨나이까","향오하는","향오하였다","협오하면","협오하였다","협오할것이다"]·PT["abominar","abominou","e-abominará","os-abominei","que-rejeita","rejeitaram","rejeitará"]·RU["возгнушается","возгнушалась","возгнушался","гнушается","гнушались","гнушающаяся","и-возгнушается"]·ES["aborrecerá","aborreciere","aborrecieron","aborreció","la-que-aborrece","los-aborrecí","y-aborrecerá"]·SW["anayemchukia","ilichukia","imechukia","itachukia","na-itachukia","nimewachukia","waliwachukia"]·TR["tiksindi","tiksindim-onlardan","tiksindin","tiksinecek","tiksinen","tiksinenler","tiksinirse","ve-tiksinecek"]·urd["اور-نفرت-کرے-گی","بیزار-تھی","بیزاری-کی","نفرت-کرے","نفرت-کرے-گی","نفرت-کی","نفرت-کی-میں-نے-اُن-سے"]
2. be defiled, be rejected — Nifal passive sense: to be cast off as ritually impure or morally repulsive. Cross-linguistic evidence shifts to defilement/rejection vocabulary distinct from the Qal: eng was-defiled, spa fue-rechazado, hin अपवित्र हुई (became impure), arb تنجّس (was defiled), kor 버림받았다 (was cast away), swa ilitupiwa (was thrown away). 1×
AR["تُنُجِّسَ"]·ben["অপবিত্র-হল"]·DE["war-defiled"]·EN["was-defiled"]·FR["fut-defiled"]·heb["נגעל"]·HI["अपवित्र-हुई"]·ID["tercemarkan"]·IT["era-contaminò"]·jav["karemehaken"]·KO["버림받았다"]·PT["foi-rejeitado"]·RU["осквернён"]·ES["fue-rechazado"]·SW["ilitupiwa"]·TR["kirletildi"]·urd["پلید-ہوئی"]
3. fail, break down — Hifil causative sense: to fail or cease functioning. Entirely distinct vocabulary across all languages with no overlap with the abhor/loathe field: eng fails, spa falla, hin असफल होता, arb يخفق, kor 실패하다, swa hakosi. This sense reflects the causative stem producing a meaning of causing something to break down or fail. 1×
AR["يُخْفِقُ"]·ben["সে-ব্যর্থ-হয়"]·DE["[יגעל]"]·EN["fails"]·FR["rejeter"]·heb["יגעל"]·HI["वह-असफल-होता"]·ID["gagal"]·IT["fails"]·jav["gagal"]·KO["실패하지-않고"]·PT["falha"]·RU["отвергает"]·ES["falla;"]·SW["hakosi"]·TR["başarısız-olur"]·urd["ناکام ہوتا"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [גָּעַל] vb. abhor, loathe (NH געל Nithpa. be fouled, Hiph. rinse out with hot water; גְּעִילָה rejection; Aramaic געל Ithpe. be fouled, soiled)— Qal Pf. 3 fs. גָּֽעֲלָה Lv 26:43 Je 14:19, וְגָֽעֲלָה cons. Lv 26:30; גְּעַלְתִּים Lv 26:44; גָּֽעֲלוּ Ez 16:45; Impf. 3 fs. תִּגְעַל Lv 26:11, 15; Pt. f. גֹּעֶ֫לֶת Ez 16:45;—abhor, loathe, (usually c. acc.), Yahweh, his people Lv 26:11, 30, 44 (H) Je…