Loathing Abhorrence
Community Cluster · 12 senses · 9 lemmas
Lemmas in this domain
† [תָּעַב] vb. denom. Niph. Pi.: Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִתְעַב 1 Ch 21:6; Pt. נִתְעָב Is 14:19; Jb 15:16;—be abhorred: 1. ritual sense: נֵצֶר נִתְעָב Is 14:19 an abhorred (rejected) branch (נֵץ vulture, the unclean scavenger bird); נִתְעָב וְנֶאֱלָ֑ח Jb 15:16 abhorred and corrupt, from disease (נאלח elsewhere †ψ 14:3 = 53:4 ‖ התעיב). 2. ethically: David’s census, according to 1 Ch 21:6. Pi. Pf. 3 pl. sf. תִּעֲבוּנִי Jb 9:31 + 2 times; Impf. יְתָעֵב ψ 106:40; 5:7 (read 2 ms. תְּתַעֵב); 3 fs. תְּתַעֵב ψ 107:18; 2 ms. תְּתַעֵב Dt 23:8(×2), etc.; Inf. abs. תַּעֵב Dt 7:26; Pt. מְתָעֵב Is 49:7 (but v. infra), + Am 6:8 (so read for מְתָאֵב GeiUrschrift 349 We Now Marti Harper); pl. מְתַעֲבִים Mi 3:9;— 1. regard as an abomination, abhor: a. ritual sense: (1) of God; c. acc. of Israel, because of idols ψ 106:40. (2) of man: c. acc., of abomination Dt 7:26(×2), cf. 23:8(×2); Job Jb 19:19; 30:10. b. ethically: (1) of God; ‖ שׂנא, c. acc.: אישׁ דמים ומרמה ψ 5:7 (Am 6:8 v. II. תאב). (2) of man; c. acc. מִשְׁפָּט Mi 3:9, דֹּבֵר תָּמִים Am 5:10 (‖ שׂנא), שֶׁקֶר ψ 119:163 (‖ שׂנא). c. physically: c. acc. כָּל־אֹכֶל ψ 107:18. 2. cause to be an abomination: c. acc., ritual sense Ez 16:25; Job, from filthy garments Jb 9:31; מְתָעֵב גּוֹי Is 49:7 (‖ בְּזֹה נֶפֶשׁ) (read prob. Pu. מְתֹעַב, as Oort SS Bu Du). Hiph. Pf. 2 fs. הִתְעַבְתְּ Ez 16:52; 3 mpl. הִתְעִיבוּ ψ 14:1 = 53:2; Impf. וַיַּתְעֵב 1 K 21:26;—make abominable, do abominably: 1. ritual sense: c. acc. rei, Ez 16:52; לְ c. inf. 1 K 21:26. 2. ethically: c. acc. עלילה ψ 14:1 = 53:2 (עול).
† בָּאַשׁ vb. have a bad smell, stink (Arabic بِئْسَ be evil, Aramaic בְּאֵשׁ, ܒܶܐܫ be evil, Assyrian bîšu Lotz TP 78)— Qal Pf. וּבָאַשׁ consec. Ex 7:18; Impf. וַיִּבְאַשׁ v 21, ־אַ֑שׁ 16:20; 3 fs. תִּבְאַשׁ Is 50:2; וַתִּבְאַשׁ Ex 8:10;—stink, of Nile, on account of dead fish Ex 7:18, 21 (E); of land of Egypt, owing to dead frogs 8:10 (J); of manna kept over 16:20 (P? or R) וַיָּרֻם תּוֹלָעִים וַיִּבְאַ֑שׁ and it grew foul (rotten, decayed) with worms, and stank; Is 50:2 תִּבְאַשׁ דְּגָתָם מֵאֵין מַיִם וְתָמֹת בַּצָּמָא their fish stink for lack of water, etc. (𝔊 Lo Di read תִּיבַשׁ, dry up and die, which suits ‖, but not the usage of יָבֵשׁ). Niph. Pf. נִבְאַשׁ 1 S 13:4; נִבְאֲשׁוּ 2 S 10:6; נִבְאַשְׁתָּ 2 S 16:21;—only fig. make oneself odious, become odious (cf. Eng. be in bad odour), sq. אֵת with = towards; נִבְאַשְׁתָּ אֶת־אָבִיךָ 2 S 16:21 thou hast become odious with thy father; also sq. בְּ (rather strangely) 1 S 13:4 Isr. made themselves odious to the Philistines; 2 S 10:6 Ammonites to David. Hiph. Pf. הִבְאִישׁ Ex 16:24; 1 S 27:12; הִבְאִישׁוּ ψ 38:6; הִבְאַשְׁתֶּם Ex 5:21; Impf. יַבְאִישׁ Pr 13:5; Ec 10:1; Inf. abs. הַבְאֵשׁ 1 S 27:12; cstr. sf. לְהַבְאִישֵׁנִי Gn 34:30;— 1. emit a stinking odour Ex 16:24 of manna (cf. Qal v 20); ψ 38:6 הִבְאִישׁוּ נָמַקּוּ חַבּוּרֹתָ֑י my wounds have grown stinking, they have festered (of chastisement for sin); 1 S 27:12 fig. of David הַבְאֵשׁ הִבְאִישׁ בְּעַמּוֹ he hath become utterly abhorred among his people. 2. cause to stink, זְבוּבֵי מָוֶת יַבְאִישׁ יַבִּיעַ שֶׁמֶן רוֹקֵ֑חַ dead flies cause to stink (and) to ferment the oil of a perfumer Ec 10:1; usually fig. הִבְאַשְׁתֶּם אֶת־רֵיחֵנוּ Ex 5:21 (J), i.e. ye have made us odious, sq. בְּעֵינֵי, cf. (c. acc. pers.) Gn 34:30 sq. בְ; also without obj. Pr 13:5 a wicked man makes odious and shameful (De Now Str; Be Ew Hi Zö acts odiously and shamefully). Hithp. Pf. הִתְבָּאֲשׁוּ 1 Ch 19:6 they had made themselves odious (= Niph. in ‖ 2 S 10:6), sq. עִם.
† [גָּעַל] vb. abhor, loathe (NH געל Nithpa. be fouled, Hiph. rinse out with hot water; גְּעִילָה rejection; Aramaic געל Ithpe. be fouled, soiled)— Qal Pf. 3 fs. גָּֽעֲלָה Lv 26:43 Je 14:19, וְגָֽעֲלָה cons. Lv 26:30; גְּעַלְתִּים Lv 26:44; גָּֽעֲלוּ Ez 16:45; Impf. 3 fs. תִּגְעַל Lv 26:11, 15; Pt. f. גֹּעֶ֫לֶת Ez 16:45;—abhor, loathe, (usually c. acc.), Yahweh, his people Lv 26:11, 30, 44 (H) Je 14:19 (c. בְּ); the people, Yahweh’s statutes, Lv 26:15, 43 (H); Ez 16:45(×2) women their husbands (fig., in proph. ag. Jerusalem). Niph. נִגְעַל מָגֵן גִּבּוֹרִים 2 S 1:21 the shield of heroes was defiled RVm VB Kirkp. but is rejected, cast away (with loathing) Dr, cf. Klo; 𝔊 προσωχθίσθη. Hiph. Impf. שׁוֹרוֹ עִבַּר וְלֹא יַגְעִ֑ל Jb 21:10; and doth not cause, or allow, (the cow) to reject as loathesome Ra De, cf. Di1; Di2, however, of bull, cast away (semen), or shew aversion.
† I. [קוּץ] vb. feel a loathing, abhorrence, sickening dread (‖ √ of קוט; 𝔗 קוּץ id.; for connex. of meanings cf. Aramaic קְנַט loathe, ܩܢܰܛ fear);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. קָ֫צָה Nu 21:5; 1 s. קַ֫צְתִּי Gn 27:46; Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּ֫קָץ Nu 22:3; 1 K 11:25 (but v. infr.); 2 ms. juss. תָּקֹץ Pr 3:11; 1 s. וָאָקֻץ Lv 20:23; 3 mpl. וַיָּקֻצוּ Ex 1:12; Pt. קָץ Is 7:16;— 1. feel a loathing at, abhor, c. ב rei Nu 21:5 (JE), Gn 27:46 (P), Pr 3:11 (‖ מָאַס); c. ב pers. Lv 20:23 (H; subj. י׳); so 1 K 11:25, but Kit (after 𝔖, cf. 𝔊) proposes וַיָּ֫צֶק (√ צוק Hiph. distress). 2. feel a sickening dread, c. מִפְּנֵי pers. Ex 1:12 (J), Nu 22:3 (E), Is 7:16. Hiph. Impf. 1 pl. sf. נְקִיצֶנָּה Is 7:6 (sf. of Judah) let us cause her sickening dread, but weak, read נְצִיקֶנָּה (√ צוק) Thes Che Du Gr Marti.—Other Hiph. forms v. קִיץ" dir="rtl" >קיץ.
† [שִׁקֵּץ] vb. Pi. denom. detest, make detestable;—Pf. 3 ms. שִׁקַּץ ψ 22:25; Impf. 2 mpl. תְּשַׁקְּצוּ Lv 11:13 +, etc.; Inf. abs. שַׁקֵּץ Dt 7:26;— 1. detest, c. acc. rei Dt 7:26 (Impf. + Inf. abs.; ‖ תַּעֵב תְּתַעֲבֶנּוּ), Lv 11:11, 13 (P); ‖ בָּזָה ψ 22:25. 2. make detestable, obj. נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם (= reflex.) Lv 11:43 (P), 20:25 (H).
† [קוּט] vb. feel a loathing (‖ form of קוּץ q.v.);— Qal Impf. 1 s. אָקוּט בְּדוֹר ψ 95:10 I felt a loathing at the generation. Niph. Pf. 2 mpl. consec. וּנְקֹטֹתֶם בִּפְנֵיכֶם Ez 20:43 ye shall feel loathing against your faces (at yourselves), c. ב rei, so 36:31 (עַל rei); metapl. (as if from קטט) 3 pl. consec. וְנָקֹטּוּ בִּפְנֵיהֶם Ez 6:9 (אֶל rei, for עַל + ל rei, for which Co בְּ, Krae בְּ or עַל); also 3 fs. נָֽקְטָה נַפְשִׁי בְּ Jb 10:1 (as if from נקט*; on both forms v. Ges§§ 67 dd, 72 dd). Hithpōʿl id. Impf. 1 s. אֶתְקוֹטָט בְּ ψ 139:21 (We אֶתְקוֹמֵם); abs. וָאֶתְקוֹטָ֑טָה 119:158.—Ez 16:47 v. קָט; Jb 8:14 v. foll.
† I. [בָּחֵל] vb. feel loathing (cf. Syriac ܒܚܻܝܠ (so in lexx.) nauseated (cf. GeiUrschrift, 279); NöZAW xvii (1897), 188 disproves Syriac ܒܚܺܝܠ, and adopts the view of GeiUrschrift 270 (בחל euphem. for a √ II. בעל = loathe, c. בְּ, assumed (Thes Buhl) for Je 3:14; 31:32; v. infr. on p. 127a). NSyr. ܒܲܚܸܠ envy cf. StoddardGram. 12, 57) Pf. 3 fs. בָּֽחֲלָה Zc 11:8 וַתִּקְצַר נַפְשִׁי בָּהֶם וְגַם נַפְשָׁם בּ׳ בִי felt a loathing against me.
† [קוּט] vb. feel a loathing (‖ form of קוּץ q.v.);— Qal Impf. 1 s. אָקוּט בְּדוֹר ψ 95:10 I felt a loathing at the generation. Niph. Pf. 2 mpl. consec. וּנְקֹטֹתֶם בִּפְנֵיכֶם Ez 20:43 ye shall feel loathing against your faces (at yourselves), c. ב rei, so 36:31 (עַל rei); metapl. (as if from קטט) 3 pl. consec. וְנָקֹטּוּ בִּפְנֵיהֶם Ez 6:9 (אֶל rei, for עַל + ל rei, for which Co בְּ, Krae בְּ or עַל); also 3 fs. נָֽקְטָה נַפְשִׁי בְּ Jb 10:1 (as if from נקט*; on both forms v. Ges§§ 67 dd, 72 dd). Hithpōʿl id. Impf. 1 s. אֶתְקוֹטָט בְּ ψ 139:21 (We אֶתְקוֹמֵם); abs. וָאֶתְקוֹטָ֑טָה 119:158.—Ez 16:47 v. קָט; Jb 8:14 v. foll.
† [תָּעַב] vb. denom. Niph. Pi.: Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִתְעַב 1 Ch 21:6; Pt. נִתְעָב Is 14:19; Jb 15:16;—be abhorred: 1. ritual sense: נֵצֶר נִתְעָב Is 14:19 an abhorred (rejected) branch (נֵץ vulture, the unclean scavenger bird); נִתְעָב וְנֶאֱלָ֑ח Jb 15:16 abhorred and corrupt, from disease (נאלח elsewhere †ψ 14:3 = 53:4 ‖ התעיב). 2. ethically: David’s census, according to 1 Ch 21:6. Pi. Pf. 3 pl. sf. תִּעֲבוּנִי Jb 9:31 + 2 times; Impf. יְתָעֵב ψ 106:40; 5:7 (read 2 ms. תְּתַעֵב); 3 fs. תְּתַעֵב ψ 107:18; 2 ms. תְּתַעֵב Dt 23:8(×2), etc.; Inf. abs. תַּעֵב Dt 7:26; Pt. מְתָעֵב Is 49:7 (but v. infra), + Am 6:8 (so read for מְתָאֵב GeiUrschrift 349 We Now Marti Harper); pl. מְתַעֲבִים Mi 3:9;— 1. regard as an abomination, abhor: a. ritual sense: (1) of God; c. acc. of Israel, because of idols ψ 106:40. (2) of man: c. acc., of abomination Dt 7:26(×2), cf. 23:8(×2); Job Jb 19:19; 30:10. b. ethically: (1) of God; ‖ שׂנא, c. acc.: אישׁ דמים ומרמה ψ 5:7 (Am 6:8 v. II. תאב). (2) of man; c. acc. מִשְׁפָּט Mi 3:9, דֹּבֵר תָּמִים Am 5:10 (‖ שׂנא), שֶׁקֶר ψ 119:163 (‖ שׂנא). c. physically: c. acc. כָּל־אֹכֶל ψ 107:18. 2. cause to be an abomination: c. acc., ritual sense Ez 16:25; Job, from filthy garments Jb 9:31; מְתָעֵב גּוֹי Is 49:7 (‖ בְּזֹה נֶפֶשׁ) (read prob. Pu. מְתֹעַב, as Oort SS Bu Du). Hiph. Pf. 2 fs. הִתְעַבְתְּ Ez 16:52; 3 mpl. הִתְעִיבוּ ψ 14:1 = 53:2; Impf. וַיַּתְעֵב 1 K 21:26;—make abominable, do abominably: 1. ritual sense: c. acc. rei, Ez 16:52; לְ c. inf. 1 K 21:26. 2. ethically: c. acc. עלילה ψ 14:1 = 53:2 (עול).