παιδ-εύω G3811
To discipline, chastise; to train, educate, instruct -- corrective and formative pedagogy
The verb παιδεύω holds together two dimensions that ancient Greek culture saw as inseparable: education and discipline. On one side, it is the word for training and instructing someone in knowledge or conduct -- Moses 'was educated in all the wisdom of the Egyptians' (Acts 7:22), and Paul was 'trained according to the strict manner of the law' (Acts 22:3). On the other, it is the word for corrective chastisement, especially God's fatherly discipline of those he loves: 'the Lord disciplines the one he loves' (Heb 12:6). Titus 2:12 beautifully bridges both senses, saying grace itself is 'training us' to live godly lives. The multilingual evidence tracks the split: French and German often use a single word (chatier/erziehen), while Spanish distinguishes 'instruido' from 'disciplina.'
Senses
1. discipline, chastise, correct — Corrective discipline or chastisement -- punishment intended to reform rather than merely penalize. This sense dominates when God or authority figures inflict suffering for the recipient's moral benefit. Heb 12:6-7 presents divine discipline as proof of sonship: 'whom the Lord loves he disciplines.' In 1 Cor 11:32 the Corinthians are 'disciplined by the Lord so that we may not be condemned.' Luke 23:16 and 23:22 record Pilate's proposal to 'discipline' (flog) Jesus and release him -- a juridical use. 2 Cor 6:9 describes apostolic suffering as being 'disciplined and yet not killed.' The multilingual glosses lean toward punitive vocabulary: 'disciplina/disciplinaban' (Spanish), 'chatier' (French). 8×
AR["أَدَّبُوا", "أُؤَدِّبُهُ", "أُؤَدِّبُهُمْ", "مُؤَدَّبينَ", "نُؤَدَّبُ", "يُؤَدِّبُ", "يُؤَدِّبُهُ"]·ben["আমরা-শাসন-প্রাপ্ত-হই,", "তারা-শাসন-করত", "শাসন-করি;", "শাসন-করেন", "শাসনাপ্রাপ্ত,", "শাস্তি-দিয়ে"]·DE["erziehen", "παιδεύσας"]·EN["I-discipline", "being-disciplined", "disciplined", "disciplines", "having-disciplined", "he-disciplines", "we-are-disciplined"]·FR["châtier", "discipliner"]·heb["יִסְּרוּ", "מְיַסֵּר", "מְיֻסָּרִים", "נִוַּסְרִים-אֲנַחְנוּ"]·HI["अनुशासन-करता-हूँ;", "अनुशासित-होते-हैं", "ताड़ना-देकर", "ताड़ना-देता", "ताड़ना-देता-है", "ताड़ना-देते-थे", "ताड़ना-पाते-हुए"]·ID["Aku-mendidik;", "Ia-mendisiplin;", "Sesudah-menghukum", "didisiplin", "dihukum", "kita-dididik", "mendisiplin;"]·IT["correggere", "disciplinare", "educare"]·jav["Kawula-nggladi", "dipun-ukum,", "dipunwulang", "kita-kawulang,", "mulang", "ngukum"]·KO["징계받나니", "징계받는", "징계하고", "징계하시고", "징계하지", "징계했다", "훈련한다"]·PT["disciplina", "disciplino", "nos-disciplinavam", "sendo-castigados", "somos-disciplinados,"]·RU["наказав", "наказуемые", "наказываемся,", "наказывает", "наказывали", "наказываю;"]·ES["disciplina", "disciplinaban", "disciplino", "habiendo-disciplinado", "siendo-disciplinados", "somos-disciplinados"]·SW["adhibu", "humrudi", "kumkasisha", "kuwarudi;", "tunarekebishwa,", "waliadhibu", "wanaoadhibiwa,"]·TR["cezalandırıp", "terbiye edilen", "terbiye ediliriz", "terbiye-eder", "terbiye-ediyor", "terbiye-ediyorlardı", "terbiye-ediyorum"]·urd["تادیب-کرتا", "تادیب-کرتا-ہے", "تادیب-کرتے-تھے", "تربیت-پاتے-ہیں", "تربیت-کرتا-ہوں", "سزا-دیے-جاتے-ہوئے", "سزا-دے-کر"]
2. train, educate, instruct — Formative training, education, or instruction -- the pedagogical shaping of a person's knowledge, character, or conduct. Moses was 'educated' (ἐπαιδεύθη) in all the learning of the Egyptians (Acts 7:22), and Paul was 'trained' (πεπαιδευμένος) at the feet of Gamaliel (Acts 22:3). In 2 Tim 2:25 a servant of the Lord must gently 'instruct' opponents. Titus 2:12 personifies grace as a teacher 'training us to renounce ungodliness.' 1 Tim 1:20 sits at the boundary, where Hymenaeus and Alexander are 'handed over to Satan to be taught not to blaspheme' -- discipline serving an educational end. Spanish marks the shift with 'instruido/ensena,' and German uses 'erziehen' in its formative educational register. 5×
AR["تَعَلَّمَ", "تُؤَدِّبُنا", "مُؤَدِّباً", "وَمُتَعَلِّمٌ", "يُؤَدَّبا"]·ben["তারা-শিক্ষিত-হয়", "শিক্ষা-দিচ্ছে", "শিক্ষা-দিয়ে", "শিক্ষা-পেলেন", "শিক্ষিত"]·DE["erziehen", "πεπαιδευμένος", "ἐπαιδεύθη"]·EN["correcting", "having-been-educated", "they-might-be-taught", "training", "was-trained"]·FR["châtier", "discipliner"]·heb["חֻנַּךְ", "חֻנַּכְתִּי", "מְיַסֵּר", "מְיַסֶּרֶת", "שֶׁיִּוָּסְרוּ"]·HI["शिक्षित", "शिक्षित-हुआ", "सिखलअनेवल", "सिखलअनेवले", "सिखेइन"]·ID["diajar", "dididik", "mendidik", "mereka-diajar"]·IT["correggere", "educare"]·jav["dipun-wulang", "kawulang", "mulang", "nggulawenthah"]·KO["교육-받은", "배웠다", "훈련받게-하라", "훈련하는"]·PT["corrigindo", "ensinando-nos", "foi-instruído", "sejam-disciplinados"]·RU["был-научен", "наставляющим", "научающая", "наученный", "научены-были"]·ES["enseñándonos", "fue-instruido", "instruido", "instruyendo", "sean-disciplinados"]·SW["akafundishwa", "akiwafundisha", "ikitufundisha", "nilifunzwa", "wafundishwe"]·TR["eğiterek", "eğitildi", "eğitilmiş", "terbiye-eden", "terbiye-edilsinler"]·urd["تعلیم-یافتہ", "سکھاتی-ہوئی", "سکھاتے-ہوئے", "سکھایا-گیا", "سیکھیں"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H8104 1. Qal: keep, observe (law/covenant) (399×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)G3101 1. disciple, learner (263×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
παιδ-εύω, future -σω: aorist ἐπαίδευσα: perfect πεπαίδευκα:—middle, future παιδεύσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐπαιδευσάμην Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, future παιδευθήσομαιRefs; παιδεύσομαι (in passive sense) Refs: aorist ἐπαιδεύθην Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect πεπαίδευμαι Refs 5th c.BC+: (παῖς):—bring up or rear a child, λευκὸν αὐτὴν.. ἐπαίδευσεν γάλα Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ἐπαιδεύθην ξένος Refs 5th…