נָגַד H5046
To tell, report, declare; Hifil: inform, proclaim, reveal; Hofal: be told; participle: messenger
Built on a root suggesting conspicuousness, nagad in its dominant Hifil stem means to make something known — to tell, report, or declare. Its range runs from the mundane act of relaying news (Gen 9:22, Ham telling his brothers) to solemn prophetic proclamation (Deut 5:5, Moses declaring God's word). The Hofal passive ('it was told to Rebekah,' Gen 27:42) and the substantival participle ('a messenger came,' 2 Sam 1:5) round out a verb whose every form orbits a single axis: bringing what is hidden or distant into clear, public view.
1. Hifil: to tell, report — The core Hifil meaning: to tell, report, or inform someone of facts, events, or news in ordinary interpersonal contexts. This workhorse sense accounts for the majority of occurrences. Arabic akhbara (he informed) and Swahili arifu (to report) capture the neutral, narrative register. Gen 9:22 (Ham reports to his brothers), Gen 14:13 (a fugitive reports to Abram), and Gen 29:12 (Jacob tells Rachel) are characteristic. 237×
AR["فَ-أخْبَرَ","وَ-أَخبَرَت","وَ-أَخْبَرَ","وَ-أَخْبَرَ-","وَ-أَخْبَرَتْ","وَأَخْبَرَ","وَأَخْبَرَتْ"]·ben["আর-জানাল","আর-জানালেন","আর-বলল","এবং-জানাল","এবং-জানালেন","এবং-বলল","এবং-বললেন"]·DE["und-berichtete","und-er-berichtete","und-erzählte","und-erzählte-es","und-sagte"]·EN["and-he-told","and-told"]·FR["et-dit","et-il-raconta","et-raconta"]·heb["ו-הגיד","ו-הגידה","ו-יגד"]·HI["और-बतअय","और-बतअय-","और-बतअयि","और-बतय","और-बताया"]·ID["Dan-memberitahukan","dan-ia-memberitahu","dan-memberitahu","dan-memberitahukan","dan-memberitahukanlah"]·IT["e-disse","e-egli-riferì","e-riferì"]·jav["Lan-Musa-matur","Lan-nyariosaken","Lan-piyambakipun-ngandikakaken","lan-cariyosi","lan-maringi-pirsa","lan-matur","lan-matur-","lan-mratelakaken","lan-ngandhani","lan-nyariosaken","lan-piyambakipun-mratélaaken","lan-piyambakipun-ngaturi-priksa","lan-piyambakipun-nyariyosaken"]·KO["그리고-알렸다","그리고-알렸다-","그리고-전하였다","그리고-전했다"]·PT["E-contou","e-contava","e-contou","e-declarou","§ E-contou"]·RU["и-возвестил","и-рассказал","и-рассказал-","и-рассказала","и-сказала","и-сообщил","и-сообщила"]·ES["Y-contó","e-informó","y-contó","y-contó-","y-declaró"]·SW["na-akaeleza","na-akamwambia","na-akawaambia"]·TR["Ve-bildirdi","Ve-haber-verdi","ve-anlattı","ve-bildirdi","ve-bildirdi-","ve-bildirecek","ve-haber-verdi","ve-söyledi"]·urd["اور-بتایا"]
Gen 9:22, Gen 14:13, Gen 24:28, Gen 29:12, Gen 29:12, Gen 37:5, Exod 19:9, Num 11:27, Judg 13:10, Judg 14:2, 1 Sam 11:9, 1 Sam 14:33 (+38 more)
▼ 6 more senses below
Senses
2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim — A heightened Hifil sense: to declare, proclaim, or announce publicly and formally — often in prophetic, liturgical, or royal settings. The shift from private telling to public proclamation is reflected in Spanish anunciad/declarad and German verkuende. Deut 5:5 (Moses declaring God's words), Deut 26:3 (the pilgrim's solemn declaration), and prophetic announcements throughout Isaiah exemplify this elevated register. 79×
AR["أَخْبِرُوا","أَخْبِرْ","أَخْبِرْنِي","أَعْلِنُوا","أُخْبِرَ","أُخْبِرُ","وَ-يُخْبِرونَ","وَيُخْبِرُونَ"]·ben["আমি-ঘোষণা-করি","এবং-ঘোষণা-করবে","ও-তারা-ঘোষণা-করবে","ঘোষণা-কর","ঘোষণা-করব","জানাই।","জানাও","বল","বলো"]·DE["der-Gad","ich-verkuende","ich-verkündigen","und-verkünden","und-wird-verkündigen","verkuendet","verkuendete"]·EN["Declare","Denounce","I-declare","and-proclaim","and-we-will-set","and-will-declare","declare","tell","will-declare"]·FR["annoncer","déclarer","et-déclarer"]·heb["אגיד","הגד","הגידו","ו-יגידו"]·HI["और-घोषणा-करेंगे","और-बताएँगे","घोषणा-करो","बता","बताऊँगा","बताओ","मैं-बताऊं","मैं-बताता-हूँ","मैं-बताता-हूं","सुनाओ"]·ID["Beritahukanlah","Beritakanlah","akan-menyatakan","aku-memberitahukan","aku-menyatakan","beritahukanlah","dan-mereka-menyatakan","kabarkanlah"]·IT["annunciate","annuncio'","annunziare","dichiarare","e-annuncio'","io-annuncero"]·jav["'Atura!","Martosaken-a","Wartakna","badhe-mratelakaken","kawula-ngumumaken","kula-cariyos","martosna","matura","ngaturi-pirsa","saha-mratelakaken","saha-tiyang-tiyang-badhé-nyariosaken","sami-maringakéna","wartakna"]·KO["고하라","그리고-선포하였도다","그리고-전하리로다","내-가-알린다","말하라","선포하라","선포하리이다","알려라","알리라","알리리라"]·PT["Anunciai","Declara","Declarai","Denunciai!","anuncio","contai","declara","declarai","declararei","declaro","e-anunciaram","e-anunciarão","que-anuncie"]·RU["Возвестите","возвести","возвестите","возвещаю","возвещу","донесите","и-возвестят","объявлю","расскажи","расскажите","скажи"]·ES["Anunciad","Declara","Declarad","Denunciad","anunciad","anuncien","declara","declarad","declararé","declare","declaren","declaro","y-declararán"]·SW["Tangazeni","Tuambieni","na-watatangaza","niambie","ninaeleza","ninatangaza","nisitangaze","nitatangaza","sema","tangaza","tangazeni","tuambieni"]·TR["Bildirin","anlatıyorum","bildir","bildirecegim","bildirin","ilan-edeyim","ilan-edin","ilan-ediyorum","ve-bildirecekler","ve-ilan-etti"]·urd["اعلان-کرو","اور-بیان-کریں-گے","بتا","بتاؤ","بیان-کرو","بیان-کروں-گا","خبر-دو","میں-بیان-کرتا-ہوں","میں-بیان-کروں","وَ-بیان-کِیا"]
Deut 5:5, Deut 17:10, Deut 17:11, Deut 26:3, Deut 30:18, 1 Kgs 1:20, Ezra 2:59, Neh 2:12, Neh 2:16, Neh 7:61, Job 15:18, Job 36:33 (+38 more)
3. Hofal: to be told, be informed — The Hofal (passive of Hifil): to be told, be informed, have something reported to one. Arabic ukhbira and Korean algo-doeda (to become known to someone) reflect this passive reception. The formula 'and it was told to X' recurs as a narrative pivot — Gen 22:20 (told to Abraham), Gen 27:42 (told to Rebekah), Gen 38:13 (told to Judah) — consistently introducing consequential plot turns. 35×
AR["فَ-أُخبِرَ","فَأُخْبِرَ","فَـ-أُخْبِرَ","وَ-أُخبِرَت","وَ-أُخْبِرَ","وَ-أُخْبِرَتْ","وَأُخبِرَ","وَأُخْبِرَ"]·ben["আর-জানানো-হল","আর-বলা-হল","এবং-জানানো-হল","এবং-বলা-হল","ও-জানানো-হল"]·DE["und-angezeigt-wurde","und-berichtet-wurde","und-es-war-berichtete","und-es-war-sagte","und-war-berichtete"]·EN["and-it-was-told","and-was-told"]·FR["et-cela-fut-raconta","et-cela-était-dit","et-fut-raconta","et-il-était-dit","et-était-dit"]·heb["ו-הגיד","ו-הוגד","ו-יוגד"]·HI["और-बतअय-गय","और-बतय-गय","और-बताया-गया"]·ID["Dan-diberitahukan","Dan-diberitahukanlah","dan-diberitahu","dan-diberitahukan","dan-diberitahukanlah"]·IT["e-era-riferì","e-esso-era-riferì","e-esso-fu-disse","e-fu-disse"]·jav["Lan-dipun-cariyosaken","Lan-dipun-cariyosi","Lan-dipun-wartosaken","Lan-dipun-wartosi","Lan-dipunaturaken","Lan-dipuncariosaken","Lan-dipuncariyosaken","Lan-dipunlapuraken","Lan-dipunparingi-pirsa","Lan-kapratela","lan-dipun-aturaken","lan-dipun-cariyosaken","lan-dipunaturaken","lan-dipunmatur","lan-kamatur"]·KO["그리고-알려졌다","그리고-알렸다","그리고-알리니라","그리고-전해졌다"]·PT["E-foi-anunciado","E-foi-contado","E-foi-informado","e-foi-contado","§ E-foi-contado","¶ E-foi-contado"]·RU["И-было-сказано","И-сказано-было","И-сообщено-было","И-сообщили","и-возвестили","и-донесли","и-сказано-было","и-сообщили"]·ES["Y-fue-contado","Y-fue-declarado","Y-fue-dicho","Y-fue-informado","Y-fueron-contadas","y-fue-anunciado","y-fue-contado","y-fue-dicho"]·SW["Na-akaambiwa","Na-akaelezwa","akaambiwa","na-akaambiwa"]·TR["Ve-bildirildi","Ve-haber-verildi","Ve-söylendi","ve-bildirildi","ve-haber-verildi","ve-söylendi"]·urd["اور-بتایا-گیا","اور-خبر-دی-گئی","کہ-خبر-دی-گئی"]
4. Hifil participle: messenger, informer — The Hifil participle used substantivally: a messenger, informer, or herald — one defined by the act of bringing news. This nominal usage appears at dramatic narrative junctures: the informer in Gen 41:24, the messengers reporting battle outcomes in 2 Sam 1:5–13. Arabic mukhbir (informant) and the consistent multilingual rendering as 'messenger/declarador' confirm the agent-noun function. 15×
AR["المُخبِرُ-","المُخْبِرُ","الْمُخْبِرَ","الْمُخْبِرُ","الْمُخْبِرِ","لِ-مُخْبِرِي","مُخْبِرًا","مُخْبِرٌ","وَ-مُخْبِرُ","وَمُخْبِرٌ","يُخْبِرُ"]·ben["আর-সংবাদদাতা","এবং-জানানকারী","ঘোষক","ঘোষণাকারীর","জানানেবালা","বলনেওয়ালাদেরকে","যিনি-ঘোষণা-করেন","যে-জানিয়েছিল","যে-জানিয়েছে","যে-সংবাদ-দিয়েছিল","সংবাদদাতা","সংবাদদাতার"]·DE["der-eins-berichtend","der-informer","ein-Verkünder","und-verkuenden","und-verkuendete","verkuenden","zu-tellers-von"]·EN["Declaring","and-declaring","and-messenger","declaring","messenger","the-informer","the-one-telling","to-tellers-of"]·FR["annoncer","declaring","et-annoncer","et-déclarer","le-informer","le-un-racontant","à-tellers-de"]·heb["ה-מגיד","הגיד","ו-מגיד","וּ-מגיד","ל-מגידי","מגיד"]·HI["और-बताने-वाला","और-सन्देशवाहक","घोषणा-करने-वाला","बताने-वाला","बताने-वाले","बतानेवाला","बतानेवाले","बतानेवालों-को","संदेशवाहक","सन्देशवाहक-से","सुनानेवाला"]·ID["-yang-memberitahu","Yang-memberitahukan","dan-pembawa-berita","dan-yang-memberitahukan","kepada-penjawab","memberitakan","pembawa-berita","yang-memberitahu","yang-memberitahukan","yang-memberitakan","yang-menyatakan"]·IT["a-tellers-di","annunciare","declaring","e-annunciare","e-annunziare","il-informer","il-uno-riferendo"]·jav["Ingkang-martosaken","dhateng-para-ingkang-mratelakaken","dhumateng-manungsa","ingkang-cariyosi","ingkang-martosaken","lan-utusan","martosaken","sang-utusan","tiyang-ingkang-nerangaken","utusan"]·KO["고하는-자가","그-알리는-자","그리고-알리시며","그리고-전하는-자가","알리는","알리는자가","에게-말한-자들","전하는","전하는-자가","전하는-자를"]·PT["Declarando","anuncia","aos-declaradores-de","declarando","e-declara","e-mensageiro","mensageiro","o-mensageiro","o-que-anuncia","o-que-conta","o-que-contou","revelador"]·RU["-вестник","вестнику","возвещающего","возвещающий","и-Возвещающий","и-вестник","объясняющего","разгадавшим","сообщающему","сообщающий","сообщивший"]·ES["a-los-que-declararon","anuncia","declarador-de","el-mensajero","el-que-declara","el-que-declaró","el-que-informó","mensajero","quien-anuncie","quien-declare","y-el-que-declara","y-mensajero"]·SW["aliyemwambia","aliyeniambia","aliyetangaza","inayotangaza","kwa-waliofumbua","mjumbe","mtangazaji-wa","na-anayetangaza","na-mjumbe"]·TR["-e-söyleyenlere","Bildiren","bildiren","bildirene","haber-veren","haberci","haberciye","söyleyen","ve-bildiren","ve-haberci"]·urd["اعلان-کرنے-والے-کی","اور-بتانے-والا","اور-خبر-دینے-والا","بتانے-والا","بتانے-والوں-کو","بتانے-والے","خبر-دینے-والا","خبر-دینے-والے-کو"]
Gen 41:24, Judg 14:19, 2 Sam 1:5, 2 Sam 1:6, 2 Sam 1:13, 2 Sam 4:10, 2 Sam 15:13, 2 Sam 18:11, Isa 41:26, Isa 45:19, Isa 46:10, Jer 4:15 (+3 more)
5. Hifil: to disclose, reveal — A Hifil sense emphasizing disclosure or revelation of hidden truth. In Ps 19:1 the heavens 'declare' God's glory — making visible what transcends ordinary perception — while Prov 29:24 speaks of a thief's accomplice who 'discloses' nothing. The emphasis falls on unveiling what was concealed, not merely conveying everyday news. 2×
AR["يُخْبِرُ"]·ben["ঘোষণা-করে","বলে"]·DE["proclaims","verkuendete"]·EN["he-discloses","proclaims"]·FR["de-déclarer","déclarer"]·heb["יגיד","מגיד"]·HI["प्रकट-करता-है","बताता।"]·ID["ia-memberitahukan","memberitakan"]·IT["annuncio'","dichiarare"]·jav["matur","mratelakaken"]·KO["말하다","선포하나이다"]·PT["anuncia","revela"]·RU["возвещает","сообщает"]·ES["declara"]·SW["inatangaza","semi"]·TR["bildiriyor","ifade-verir"]·urd["بتاتا","دکھاتا-ہے"]
6. Hifil: to denounce, inform against — A specialized Hifil usage carrying hostile or accusatory force: to denounce or inform against someone. In Jer 20:10, Jeremiah's enemies whisper 'let us denounce him,' and Job 17:5 warns of one who informs against friends. Arabic washaya (to slander) and the adversarial contexts distinguish this from neutral reporting. 2×
AR["وَ-نُخْبِرْهُ","يُعْلِنُ"]·ben["ও-আমরা-জানাব-তাকে","সে-জানায়"]·DE["und-verkuenden","verkuendete"]·EN["and-let-us-denounce-him","he-denounces"]·FR["déclarer","et-annoncer"]·heb["ו-נגידנו","יגיד"]·HI["और-बताएँगे-हम","बताता-है"]·ID["dan-kita-akan-memberitahukannya","ia-memberitahukan"]·IT["dichiarare","e-annunciare"]·jav["lan-kita-matur!'","maringi-pirsa"]·KO["그리고-고하자-그를","알리나니"]·PT["E-denunciemo-lo!","anuncia"]·RU["выдаёт","и-донесём-на-него"]·ES["denuncia","y-lo-denunciaremos"]·SW["atawashutumu","na-tuseme"]·TR["söyler","ve-bildirelim-onu"]·urd["اور-بتائیں-گے-اُسے","بتاتا ہے"]
7. sense 7 — A single occurrence (Ps 38:18) where nagad takes on a confessional register — 'I confess my iniquity.' Spanish declarare and German bekennen both capture this penitential self-disclosure. The verse's parallelism with anxiety over sin suggests a specialized confessional application of the root's core 'making known' meaning, directed inward rather than outward. 1×
AR["أُعْلِنُ"]·ben["স্বীকার-করব"]·DE["ich-bekennen"]·EN["I-confess"]·FR["déclarer"]·heb["אגיד"]·HI["बताऊँगा-मैं"]·IT["annuncio'"]·jav["kula-badhe-ngakeni"]·KO["고하리이다"]·PT["declararei"]·RU["возвещу"]·ES["declararé"]·SW["nitaiungama"]·TR["itiraf-edeceğim"]·urd["بیان-کروں-گا"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)G4592 1. sign, miraculous sign (77×)H8605 1. prayer, supplication (77×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
[נָגַד] vb. be conspicuous (NH in deriv.; Ph. n.pr.m. נגד; Arabic نَجَدَ conquer, overcome, also be apparent, conspicuous; نَجْدٌ high land or country; نَجُدَ be courageous, vigorous, effective, نَجِدٌ courageous, efficient; Aramaic ܢܓܰܕ, נְגַד drag, draw, lead; ܢܳܓܽܘܕܳܐ, נָגוֹדָא leader; Ethiopic ነገደ: is travel);— Hiph.328 Pf. הִגִּיד Gn 3:11 +, 3 fs. הִגִּ֫ידָה 1 S 25:19 +, הִגַּדְתָּ Gn 12:8…