Punish, Reward

† [נָקַם] vb. avenge, take vengeance (Ecclus 461 e להנקם נקמי אויב (Niph. + acc. cogn.); נקם n. also 12:6 (cf. Dt 32:41), 39:30; 48:7; NH נָקַם especially in deriv.; Aramaic נ��קַם (rare), ܢܩܰܡ in der. species; Arabic نَقَمَ take vengeance (عَلَ upon), Lane3037; cf. Ethiopic ቂም Di458 vindictae studium, ultionis cupido; Assyrian iḳḳimu, vengeance, requital, is poss. from √ אקם JägerBAS ii. 279);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. sf. נְקָמַ֫נִי 1 S 24:13; Impf. יִקּוֹם Dt 32:43; יִקֹּם Jos 10:13; 2 ms. תִּקֹּם Lv 19:18; Inf. abs. נָקֹם Ex 21:20; cstr. נְקֹם Ez 24:8; 25:12; Imv. נְקֹם Nu 31:2; Pt. נֹקֵם Na 1:2 + 3 times; f. נֹקֶ֫מֶת Lv 26:25;— 1. avenge, take vengeance: a. God subj. דַּם עֲבָדָיו יִקּוֹם Dt 32:43 the blood of his servants he avengeth (against those who slew them) (+ 1 K 2:5 𝔊L Klo); נ׳ abs. Na 1:2(×2) c. לְ (agst. Nineveh) Na 1:2; נ׳ נָקָם (agst. Jerus.) Ez 24:8; עַל־עֲלִילוֹתָם on their doings (his people’s) ψ 99:8; נ׳ נְקַם בְּרִית Lv 26:25 (H) the vengeance of the covenant (against those who break it); נְקָמַנִי, 1 S 24:13, c. מִן of pers. from whom vengeance is taken (cp. Je 20:10). b. Israel and its leaders against their enemies, נ׳ נקמה c. מִן against whom Nu 31:2 (P); c. acc. יִקֹּם אֹיְבָיו Jos 10:13 (poem). c. Edom against Judah נ׳ נקם לְ Ez 25:12. d. in administration of justice agst. murder Ex 21:20 (E). 2. entertain revengeful feelings (opp. אהב) against neighbour forbidden Lv 19:18 (H). Niph. Pf. 1 s. נִקַּ֫מְתִּי Ju 15:7; 1 S 14:24; 3 mpl. נִקְּמוּ Ez 25:12; Impf. יִנָּקֵם Ex 21:20; 1 s. אִנָּֽקְמָה Ju 16:28; Is 1:24; 3 mpl. יִנָּֽקְמוּ Ez 25:15; Inf. הִנָּקֵם Je 46:10 + 2 times; Imv. הִנָּ֫קֶם Je 15:15; pl. הִנָּֽקְמוּ Je 50:15:— 1. avenge oneself, a. י׳ subj. c. מִן of adversary Is 1:24; Je 46:10; c. מִן advers., לְ for whom Je 15:15; c. בְּ adversary Je 50:15. b. of Israel and champions c. מִן Ju 16:28; 1 S 14:24; Est 8:13; c. בְּ Ju 15:7; 1 S 18:25. c. of enemies against Israel נ׳ נקם Ez 25:15; c. בְּ Ez 25:12. 2. suffer vengeance (of law against murder) Ex 21:20 (E). Piel Pf. 1 s. נִקַּ֫מְתִּי 2 K 9:7 Je 51:36;—avenge, י׳ subj. דָּמִים מיד 2 K 9:7 blood at hands of; נ׳ נִקְמָתֵךָ Je 51:36 take vengeance for thee. Hoph. Impf. יֻקַּם Gn 4:24; Ex 21:21, יֻקָּ֑ם Gn 4:15 be avenged, vengeance be taken (for blood). Hithp. Impf. תִּתְנַקֵּם Je 5:9, 29; 9:8; Pt. מִתְנַקֵּם ψ 8:3; 44:17; avenge oneself, י׳ subj. לֹא תִתְנַקֵּם נַפְשִׁי בְּ׳ Je 5:9, 29; 9:8; of Israel’s enemies אוֹיֵב וּמִתְנַקֵּם ψ 8:3; 44:17.

† נְקָמָה n.f. vengeance (on format. cf. LagBN 143);—נ׳ Je 46:10 + 3 times; cstr. נִקְמַת Nu 31:2 + 7 times; sf. נִקְמָתִי Ez 25:14 + 7 times sfs.; pl. נְקָמוֹת Ju 11:36 + 5 times; נְקָמֹת 2 S 22:48;— 1. vengeance of God, abs. Ez 25:14; נקם נ׳ Je 51:36; נִקְמַת דַּם ψ 79:10; אֵל נְקָמוֹת 94:1(×2); עֵת נ׳ Je 51:6; יוֹם נ׳ Je 46:10; נ׳ יהוה 50:15, 28; 51:11; נ׳ הֵיכָלוֹ 50:28; 51:11; c. בְּ of adversary, נתן נ׳ Ez 25:14, 17; עשׂה נ׳ Ez 25:17; c. מִן of adversary נתן נ׳ 2 S 4:8 עשׂה נ׳ Ju 11:36; נִקְמָֽתְךָ מֵהֶם Je 11:20; 20:12; c. לְ for whom נתן נ׳ 2 S 22:48 = ψ 18:48. 2. of Israel and its chiefs נקם נ׳ מן Nu 31:2 (P); c. בְ׳, נתן ני׳ Nu 31:3 (P); עשׂה נ׳ ψ 149:7. 3. enemies of Israel abs. La 3:60; עשׂה בנקמה Ez 25:15; of Jeremiah לקח נ׳ מן Je 20:10.

† גְּמוּל n.m. dealing, recompence, benefit—ג׳ ψ 94:2 + 11 times; sf. גְּמֻלְךָ Ob 15, etc.; pl. sf. גְּמוּלָיו ψ 103:2;— 1. גְּמוּל יָדַיִם dealing of the hands Ju 9:16 Pr 12:14 (יָשׁוּב לְ) Is 3:11 (יֵעָשֶׂה לְ). 2. dealing, hence (from context) equivalent of dealing, recompence: c. suff. Ob 15 גמלך ישׁוב בראשׁך, Jo 4:4, 7 (הֵשִׁיב), so with הֵשִׁיב לְ ψ 28:4; שִׁלֵּם לְ 137:8 Pr 19:17; absolutely שִׁלֵּם (הֵשִׁיב) גְּמוּל לְ Is 59:18(×2); 66:6 Je 51:6 La 3:64; עַל Jo 4:4 ψ 94:2; Is 35:4 ג׳ אלהים the recompence of God. 3. benefit: אַל תשׁכחי כל גמוליו ψ 103:2; כגמול עליו according to the benefit (done) unto him 2 Ch 32:25

† נָקָם n.m. vengeance;—נ׳ Dt 32:35 + 14 times; cstr. נְקַם Lv 26:25; Ju 16:28;— 1. taken by God, abs. Ez 24:8 ψ 58:11; נ׳ בְּרִית vengeance of the covenant Lv 26:25 (H); יוֹם נקם Is 34:8; 61:2; 63:4; בִּגְדֵי נ׳ Is 59:17; לִי נָקָם וְשִׁלֵּם Dt 32:35; לקח נ׳ Is 47:3; נ׳ יבוא Is 35:4; c. acc. adversary עשׂה נ׳ Mi 5:14; c. לְ advers. חשׁיב נ׳ Dt 32:41, 43. 2. Samson against Philistines, נקם נ׳ Ju 16:28. 3. enemies against Judah, abs. Ez 25:12, 15; individual enemy יום נ׳ Pr 6:34.

† [רָגַם] vb. stone, kill by stoning (denom.? cf. סקל; or orig. = throw, hurl? NH רָגַם throw at (rare); Arabic رَجَمَ throw stones at, stone, also (from accompaniment of stone-throwing) revile, curse, cf. Ethiopic ረገመ curse, WeHeid. 2. 111, 250; Aramaic רְגַם, ܪܓܰܡ stone);— Qal Pf. 3 pl. consec. וְרָֽגְמוּ Lv 24:14 + 2 times, sf. וּרְגָמֻהוּ Dt 21:21; Impf. 3 mpl. יִרְגְּמוּ Lv 20:16, 27, וַיִּר׳ Jos 7:25 + 4 times; sf. יִרְגְּמֻהוּ Lv 20:2, וַיִּר׳ 2 Ch 24:21; Inf. abs. רָגוֹם Lv 24:16 Nu 15:35; cstr. לִרְגּוֹם 14:10;—stone, c. acc. pers. + בָּאֲבָנִים Dt 21:21 (D), Nu 14:10; 15:35, 36 (P), + בָּאֶבֶן Ez 16:40; Lv 20:2, 27 (H); + acc. אֶבֶן Jos 7:25 (JE); Lv 24:23 (P); 2 Ch 24:21; c. ב pers. + acc. אֶבֶן 1 K 12:18 = 2 Ch 10:18; c. עַל pers. + acc. אֶבֶן Ez 23:47; c. acc. pers. alone Lv 24:14 (P); c. ב pers. alone, רָגוֹם יִרְגְּמוּ־בוֹ v 16 (P).—Syn. סקל q.v.

βᾰσᾰν-ίζω, Attic dialect future -ῐῶRefs 5th c.BC+aorist ἐβασάνισα, subjunctive βασανίσω variant in Refs —passive, aorist ἐβασανίσθην: perfect βεβασάνισμαι:—rub upon the touch-stone (βάσανος), χρυσόν Refs 5th c.BC+: hence, put to the test, prove, Refs 4th c.BC+; investigate scientifically, Refs 5th c.BC+ of the instances used in inductive inference, ἀπὸ τῶν πανταχόθεν βεβασανισμένων [μεταβαίνομεν] Refs 1st c.BC+ __II of persons, examine closely, cross-question, Refs 5th c.BC+; βεβασανισμένος εἰς δικαιοσύνην having his love of justice put to the test, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑπὸ δακρύων βασανίζεσθαι, i.e. to be convicted of being painted by tears (washing off the cosmetic), Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 question by applying torture, torture, rack (see. βάσανοςIII), Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be put to the torture, Refs 5th c.BC+; to be tortured by disease (censured by NT+2nd c.AD+; of animals, Refs 2nd c.AD+: metaphorically of the earth,Refs __II.3 metaphorically of style, strain, Refs 3rd c.AD+forced, unnatural, Refs 1st c.BC+

ἐκδῐκ-ησις, εως, ἡ, avenging, ἐ. ποιεῖσθαι to give satisfaction, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐ. ποιεῖσθαί τινος obtain it from.., Refs; legal remedy, Refs 6th c.AD+; ἐ. ποιεῖν τινι avenge him, NT

λῐθ-άζω, (λίθος) fling stones, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 throw like stones, χρυσὸν εἴς τινα Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II stone, τινα NT+4th c.BC+:— passive, uncertain meaning in Refs

† [עָנַשׁ] vb. denom. (Gerber61 f.) fine, mulct;— Qal Pf. consec. וְעָֽנְשׁוּ Dt 22:19 (2 acc.); Impf. וַיַּעֲנֹשׁ 2 Ch 36:3 (2 acc.; ‖ 2 K 23:33 supr.); Inf. cstr. עֲנוֹשׁ Pr 17:26 (לְ pers.); = punish (in gen.) עֲנָשׁ־ 21:11; Pt. pass. עֲנוּשִׁים Am 2:8 those fined, mulcted. Niph. Impf. + Qal Inf. abs. עָנוֹשׁ יֵעָנֵשׁ Ex 21:22 (E) he shall be strictly fined; more gen. Pf. נֶעֱנָ֑שׁוּ Pr 22:3 be mulcted, punished = 27:12.

λῐθοβολ-έω, pelt with stones, stone, LXX+1st c.BC+:—passive, LXX

μαστῑγ-όω, optative μαστιγοίην (variant -οῖμι) Refs 4th c.BC+: future -ώσω Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist -ωσα Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, future μαστιγωθήσομαι LXX+5th c.BC+: aorist participle -ωθείς Refs 5th c.BC+:—whip, flog, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+; πληγὰς μαστιγούσθω let him be whipped, Refs 5th c.BC+

βᾰσᾰν-ισμός, ὁ, torture: ὁ γὰρ Κορίνθιος (i.e. οἶνος) β. ἐστι NT+2nd c.AD+

ἐκδῐκ-έω, avenge, punish, φόνον NT+5th c.BC+; exact vengeance for, τὰ αἵματα τῶν δούλων LXX+2nd c.BC+ __2 decide a case, δίκην, ἀγῶνα, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II avenge or vindicate a person, by taking up his cause, NT+1st c.AD+; ἐ. τινὰ ἀπό τινος avenge one on another, NT+5th c.BC+:—passive, LXX __II.2 act as ἔκδικος Refs 1st c.BC+ __III claim, Refs 5th c.AD+ __IV ἐ. τισί make retribution for them, Refs 5th c.BC+

† תְּמוּרָה n.f. exchange, recompense;—ת׳ Ru 4:7; sf. תְּמוּרָתוֹ Lv 27:10 + 3 times; תְּמוּרָתָהּ Jb 28:17;—exchange = thing acquired by exchange Lv 27:10, 33 Jb 28:17; חֵיל תְּמוּרָתוֹ Jb 20:18 wealth acquired by exchange (fig.; read poss. חֵילוֹ as his wealth (so) his exchange, Bu); recompense (for worldliness) Jb 15:31; abstr. exchanging Ru 4:7 (‖ גְּאוּלָּה).

μισθαπο-δοσία, ἡ, payment of wages, recompense, NT

† גְּמוּלָה n.f. 2 S 19:37 dealing, recompence—ג׳ 2 S 19:37 cf. גָּמַל; pl. גְּמוּלוֹת dealings Is 59:18; Je 51:56 אֵל גְּמֻלוֹת God of recompence.

† שִׁלּוּם Mi 7:3, שִׁלֻּם Ho 9:7, n.[m.] requital;—pl. שִׁלּוּמִים Is 34:8;— 1. requital, retribution, יְמֵי הַשׁ׳ Ho 9:7 (‖ פְּקֻדָּה); שְׁנַת שׁ׳ Is 34:8 (‖ נָקָם). 2. reward, bribe Mi 7:3 שֹׁפֵט בַּשׁ׳.

ἀνταπό-δομα, ατος, τό, repayment, requital, whether of good or evil, LXX+NT

ἀντιμισθ-ία, ἡ, requital, recompense, NT

βρᾰβ-εῖον, Epic dialect βρᾰβ-ήϊον, τό, prize in the games, NT+4th c.BC+ __II wand, baton given as a prize, τιμηθεὶς χρυσείῳβ. Refs 2nd c.AD+

ἔκδῐκ-ος, ον, lawless, unjust, ἔκδικα πάσχω Refs 4th c.BC+; of persons, Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb -κωςRefs 4th c.BC+ __II maintaining the right, avenging, ἔχει θεὸς ἔ. ὄμμα LXX+1st c.AD+ __II.2 substantive, avenger, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.3 public advocate or prosecutor, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.4 generally, legal representative, Refs 1st c.AD+

κᾰκουχ-έω, (ἔχω) wrong, injure, αὑτόν Telesp.34H.; maltreat, especially a wife, MitteisRefs 2nd c.BC+, etc.:— passive, to be afflicted or injured, LXX+1st c.BC+

κολάζω, future κολάσω Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐκόλασα Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, future κολάσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+; twice contraction in Refs 5th c.BC+, 2nd pers. singular κολᾷ Refs, participle κολωμένους Refs: aorist ἐκολασάμην Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, future -ασθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐκολάσθην Refs: perfect κεκόλασμαι Refs 5th c.BC+:—check, chastise, τὰς ἐπιθυμίας Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be corrected, τὸ ἐν μέλιτι χολῶδες -άζεται Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect participle passive, chastened, εὐπειθὲς καὶ κεκολ. Refs 4th c.BC+; ῥήτωρ κεκ. Refs 2nd c.AD+; also of an athlete, ἀπέριττος τὰ μυώδη καὶ μὴ κεκ. Refs __2 chastise, punish, τινα Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ σέμν᾽ ἔπη κόλαζ᾽ ἐκείνους use your proud words in reproving them, Refs 5th c.BC+; πληγαῖς, τιμωρίαις, Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, get a person punished, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be punished, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; of divine retribution, Refs 1st c.AD+; suffer injury, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3 of a drastic method of checking the growth of the almond-tree, Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, Refs __4 passive with genitive, to be badly in need of, Refs 1st c.AD+

τῑμωρ-έω, future -ήσωRefs 5th c.BC+:—middle, future -ήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐτιμωρησάμην Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, perfect τετῑμώρημαι Refs 5th c.BC+: used in middle sense, Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐτιμωρήθην Refs 3rd c.BC+:—to be an avenger, exact or seek to exact vengeance for, avenge, τινι Refs 5th c.BC+ uncertain reading in Refs 5th c.BC+ with accusative _of things_, τ. τῷ ἑταίρῳ τὸν φόνον avenge his slaughter, Refs 5th c.BC+ (for τινι) take vengeance for him, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑπὲρ τοῦ δήμου Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, avenge or seek to avenge one's own relative or friend, πατρὶ πάντα τιμωρουμένης Refs 5th c.BC+ — _impersonal_ in passive, Λεωνίδῃ τετιμώρηται vengeance has been taken for him, he has been avenged, Refs 5th c.BC+, thou wilt have taken vengeance in respect to L., Refs __2 τιμωρεῖν τινα take vengeance on him, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὺς αὐτοένταςRefs 5th c.BC+, compare 92; Παλαμήδους σε τιμωρεῖ φόνου (variant{φόνον}) is taking vengeance on you for the murder of P., Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be visited with vengeance, punished, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὧν ἡμάρτομεν τετιμωρήμεθα we have been punished, Refs 3rd c.BC+; εἰς τὸ -ηθῆναι αὐτούς Refs —this sense is more frequently in __3 middle, avenge oneself upon, exact vengeance from, τινα Refs 5th c.BC+; Ἑαυτὸν τιμωρούμενος Self-punisher, name of a play by Menander,Refs 5th c.BC+ with genitive _of things_, τιμωρεῖσθαί τινά τινος take vengeance on one for a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; περὶ (perhaps ὑπὲρ) τῶν πεπραγμένων Refs 5th c.BC+ less frequently with accusative _of things_, εἰ μή σ᾽ ἀδελφῆς αἷμα τιμωρήσεται will visit his sister's blood on thee, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3.b absolutely, avenge oneself, seek vengeance, Refs 5th c.BC+; ταῖς ἐσχάταις τιμωρίαις τ. visit with the extreme penalties, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ τιμωρησόμενον the power to exact vengeance, Refs 4th c.BC+: the crime is sometimes added in a relative clause, τ. εἴ τι.. ἠδίκησαν Refs 5th c.BC+ exact vengeance for Greece, Refs __II especially in present and imperfect, succour one who has been attacked or has suffered injury, help him to retaliate, τινι Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, lend aid, give succour, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 of medical aid, τ. τῷ παθήματι relieve it, Refs 5th c.BC+

φραγελλ-όω, = Latin flagellare, NT

† [מָסַר] vb. si vera l. deliver up, offer (NH מָסַר; Aramaic ܡܣܰܪ deliver up, denounce, betray, מְסַר; HomZMG xlvi. 1892, 530 comp. Sab. מסר take away);— Qal Inf. cstr. לִמְסָר־מַ֫עַל בי׳ Nu 31:16 offer (commit) a trespass against י׳, but read לִמְעֹל, cf. Thes Di (v. Nu 5:6 2 Ch 36:14). Niph. Impf. וַיִּמָּֽסְרוּ Nu 31:5 delivered over to, assigned to (of warriors), read perhaps וַיִּסָּֽפְרוּ (𝔊 ἐξηρίθμησαν) cf. Thes.

ἀμοιβ-ή, ἡ, (ἀμείβω) requital, recompense, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀγαναῖς ἀ. τινὰ τίνεσθαι to requite him by like return, Refs; οἵας ἀ. ἐξ Ἰάσονος κυρεῖRefs 5th c.BC+; retribution, ἔργων ἀντ᾽ ἀδίκων χαλεπὴν ἐπέθηκεν ἀ.Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 repayment, compensation, τείσουσι βοῶν ἐπιεικέ᾽ ἀ.Refs 8th c.BC+ __3 that which is given in exchange, τῷ σκυτοτόμῳ ἀντὶ τῶν ὑποδημάτων ἀ. γίνεται κατ᾽ ἀξίανRefs 4th c.BC+ __4 answer, ἀσχήμων ἐν τῇ ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+ __II change, exchange, τὰς ἀ. ποιεῖσθαιRefs 1st c.BC+; of money, Refs 1st c.AD+ __III change, alternation, κακῶνRefs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 transformation, Refs 3rd c.AD+

ἀνταπό-δοσις, εως, ἡ, giving back in turn, opposed to ἀποδοχή, Refs 5th c.BC+; rendering, requiting, repayment, Refs 4th c.BC+; retribution, LXX; reprisals, γίγνεται ἀ. ἔκ τινοςRefs 2nd c.BC+; reward, LXX+NT __II turning back, opposite direction or course, of a current, ἀ. ποιεῖσθαιRefs 2nd c.BC+ __II.2 responsive sound, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III alternation, e.g. of action and reaction, περιόδων πρὸς ἀλλήλαςRefs 5th c.BC+; reaction, probably in Refs 4th c.BC+ __III.2 Rhet., parallelism or opposition of clauses in a periodic sentence, Refs 4th c.BC+; in a simile, correspondence with the object of comparison, Refs 1st c.AD+ __III.2.b Grammars, correlativity of words such as τοιοῦτος, οἷος, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III.2.c answering clause, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III.3 capping verses, as a subject of competition, Refs

βᾰσᾰν-ιστής, οῦ, ὁ, examiner, questioner, torturer, Refs 5th c.BC+; gaoler, NT.Matt.18.34. __II one who tests, Refs 4th c.AD+:—feminine βᾰσᾰν-ίστρια, examiner, ἐπῶν Refs 5th c.BC+

καταλῐθάζω, ={καταλιθόω}, NT

κλῠδων-ίζω, Refs:—elsewhere in passive, to be buffeted, swept by heavy seas, τὸν κυβερνήτην -ίζεσθαι καὶ ἀστοχεῖν θαλασσομαχοῦντα Vett.Refs 6th c.AD+: usually metaphorically, to be disturbed, thrown into confusion, οἱ ἄδικοι κλυδωνισθήσονται LXX+1st c.AD+; to be tossed about, παντὶ ἀνέμῳ τῆς διδασκαλίας NT

μαστ-ίζω, Refs 4th c.AD+, Doric dialect μαστ-ίσδω Refs 3rd c.BC+: Epic dialect aorist μάστιξα Refs 8th c.BC+ —passive, aorist ἐμαστίχθην variant in Refs 5th c.BC+; participle μαστιχθείς Refs 1st c.AD+: (μάστιξ):—whip, flog, μάστιξεν δ᾽ ἵππους Il.[same place], etc.; τυ.. ὑπὸ.. ὤμους μαστίσδοιεν (see. above) Refs 3rd c.BC+infinitive, μάστιξεν δ᾽ ἐλάαν whipped them on or forward, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 stimulate the bowels, Refs 4th c.BC+ — passive Refs 4th c.BC+—Epic dialect word, used twice in Comedy texts, LXX+5th c.BC+; and in late Prose, Refs 1st c.AD+; the Attic dialect form being μαστιγόω.

ὀχλ-έω, (ὄχλος) move, disturb, ψηφῖδες ἅπασαι ὀχλεῦνται all the pebbles are rolled or swept away by the water, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II generally, trouble, importune, with accusative, Refs 5th c.BC+; disturb citizens by false alarms, Aen. Tact.Refsto be troublesome or irksome, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὀ. πρὸς αὐγάς impede the sight, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.:—passive, to be troubled, ὑπέρ τινος Refs 4th c.BC+; compare ἐνοχλέω: later with infinitive, μὴ ὀχλοῦ δὲ πέμπειν τι ἡμῖν don't trouble to.., Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III in passive, to be crowded, ὁδὸς.. ἥτις οὐ πολὺ ὀχλεῖται Refs 1st c.AD+

στρεβλ-όω, future -ώσωRefs 1st c.AD+: aorist ἐστρέβλωσα Refs 4th c.BC+:—twist or strain tight, ὄνοισι ξυλίνοισι τὰ ὅπλα drawing the cables taut with windlasses Refs 5th c.BC+; screw up the strings of an instrument, τὰς χορδὰς ἐπὶ τῶν κολλόπων στρεβλοῦν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II twist or wrench a dislocated limb, with a view to setting it, σ. τὸν πόδα Refs 5th c.BC+; also of wrestlers, Refs 2nd c.AD+ (passive):—middle, ἐς τοὐπίσω τὰς χεῖρας σ. Refs 4th c.AD+:—passive, στρεβλωθῆναι acquire a squint, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.2 stretch on the wheel or rack, to rack, torture, applied to slaves for the purpose of extracting evidence, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ἐπὶ τροχοῦ στρεβλούμενος Refs 5th c.BC+future middle στρεβλώσομαι in passive sense, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 metaphorically, pervert or distort words, NT:—passive, LXX

τίνω, Refs 8th c.BC+, etc.: Ionic dialect imperfect τίνεσκον Refs 3rd c.BC+future τείσω (ἐκ-) Refs 4th c.BC+ 3rd.pers. singular πείσει Refsaorist ἔτεισα (ἀπ-) Refs 5th c.BC+ in Hellenistic and later Inscrr. and Papyrus, and in codices of all authors (future, Refs 8th c.BC+; aorist, Refs 8th c.BC+future and aorist of τίω, and only to be distinguished by the sense: perfect τέτεικα (ἀπο-) Refs 3rd c.BC+; participle τετεικώς Refs 3rd c.BC+:—middle, present first in Refs 8th c.BC+: future τείσομαι Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist ἐτεισάμην Refs:—passive, aorist ἐξ-ετείσθην Refs 4th c.BC+: perfect 3rd.pers. singular ἐκ-τέτεισται Refs 5th c.BC+ in Epic dialect, also Refs 6th c.BC+; τῐνω in Trag., as Refs 6th c.BC+; also in some Epigrammatists, as Refs 3rd c.BC+ __I active, pay a price by way of return or recompense, mostly in bad sense, pay a penalty, with accusative of the penalty, τ. θωήν NT+8th c.BC+; also τ. ἴσην (i.e. δίκην) Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν προσήκουσαν τιμωρίανRefs —but also __I.b in good sense, pay a debt, acquit oneself of an obligation, ζωάγρια τ. Refs 8th c.BC+; τ. χάριν τινί render one thanks, Refs 5th c.BC+ —also simply, __I.c repay, with accusative of things, τροφάς τινι Refs 5th c.BC+ —in various phrases, τ. ἀντιποίνους δύας repay equivalent sorrows, Refs 4th c.BC+; φόνον φόνου ῥύσιον τ. Refs 5th c.BC+; αἱμάτων παλαιτέρων τ. μύσος send one pollution in repayment for another, Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.1 with accusative of the thing paid or of the thing repaid (see. above). __I.2 less frequently with dative, κράατι τείσεις with thy head, Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.3 with dative of person to whom payment is made (see. above). __I.4 with dative of the penalty, τ. θανάτῳ ἅπερ ἦρξεν Refs __I.5 with genitive of the thing for which one pays, τ. ἀμοιβὴν βοῶν τινι pay him compensation for the cows, Refs 8th c.BC+; τ. τινὶ ποινήν τινος pay one retribution for.. , Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. μητρὸς δίκας for thy mother, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀντὶ πληγῆς πληγὴν τ. Refs 4th c.BC+: also with accusative of the thing for which one pays, the price being omitted, pay or atone for a thing, τείσειαν Δαναοὶ ἐμὰ δάκρυα σοῖσι βέλεσσι Refs 8th c.BC+; τ. φόνον or λώβην τινός, Refs 8th c.BC+ thou shalt make atonement for the brother thou hast slain, Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.6 absolutely, make return or requital, Refs 6th c.BC+ __II middle, have a price paid one, make another pay for a thing, avenge oneself on him, punish him, frequently from Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.1 with accusative person, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.2 with genitive criminis, τείσασθαι Ἀλέξανδρον κακότητος punish him for his wickedness, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.3 with accusative of things, take vengeance for a thing, τείσασθαι φόνον, βίην τινός, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.4 with double accusative person et of things, ἐτείσατο ἔργον ἀεικὲς ἀντίθεον Νηλῆα he made Neleus pay for the misdeed, visited it on his head, Refs 8th c.BC+; τείσασθαί τινα δίκην exact retribution from a person, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 with dative modi, τίνεσθαί τινα ἀγαναῖς ἀμοιβαῖς, φυγῇ, repay or requite with.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.6 absolutely, repay oneself, indemnify oneself, ἡμεῖς δ᾽ αὖτε ἀγειρόμενοι κατὰ δῆμον τεισόμεθ᾽ Refs 8th c.BC+. (Root q[uglide][icaron]- [alternating with q[uglide]ei- and q[uglide]oi-] 'pay': τῐ-νϝ-ω, τῐ-σις, τεί-σω [Refs 5th c.AD+: Sanskrit cáy-ate 'avenge, punish': ápa-ci-tis 'vengeance':—not related to τίω.)

τυμπᾰν-ίζω, beat a drum, as was done in the worship of Cybele, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, τυμπανίζεσθαι κατὰ τὰς ἐξόδους march out to the sound of drums, Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 τ. ἐπὶ ταῖς θύραις drum with the hand on them, LXX __II perhaps ={ἀποτυμπανίζω} (which is variant), NT; coupled with ἀνασκολοπίζεσθαι in Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III of orators, 'beat the big drum', Refs 2nd c.AD+

ὑπέχω, future ὑφέξω Refs 5th c.BC+aorist ὑπέσχον, poetry also ὑπέσχεθον, Aeolic dialect infinitive ὐποσκέθην Refs 4th c.BC+:—hold under, __a put a mare under or to a horse, ὑποσχὼν θήλεας ἵππους Refs 8th c.BC+ __b of holding out the hand to receive something, ὑπέσχεθε χεῖρα Refs; προτείνειν καὶ ὑ. [τὴν χεῖρα], to receive bribes, Refs 4th c.BC+: proverbial of a greedy person, ὑ. τὴν χεῖρα ἀποθνήσκων Refs 4th c.AD+ __c ῥημάτων ὑ. οὖας lend an attentive ear, Refs 4th c.BC+ __d hold a cup under another vessel, while something is poured into it, Refs 5th c.BC+ stand under shower baths, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __e put under, like wax under a seal, τι ταῖς αἰσθήσεσι Refs 5th c.BC+ __f ὑ. μαστόν, of mother or nurse giving suck, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 supply, afford, furnish, νεφέλην Refs 4th c.BC+; πλοῦτος ὑ. μέριμναν Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. τὸ αὐτὸ τοῖς ἐναντίοις (i.e. fear) Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. ἑαυτόν submit oneself to another, so as to be at his disposal or follow his advice, Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, ὑπόσχες Σωκράτει ἐξελέγξαι allow Socrates to examine you, Refs __II uphold, support, τοὺς ὤμους Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 undergo, suffer, τήνδ᾽ ἄτην Refs 5th c.BC+; τιμωρίαν τινός for a thing, NT+5th c.BC+; also τούτων τὰς αἰτίας to be subject to accusation for.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 in law-phrases, ὑ. δίκας [τινός] to have to give an account of a thing, or suffer a penalty, Refs 5th c.BC+ in the same sense, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοιάνδε δίκην ὑφέξειν undergo such a trial, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῖς χρήμασι τὰς σίκας ὑ. to have to pay the penalty with one's property, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. δίκας, ἐὰν.. Refs 4th c.BC+ — ὑ. καὶ λαμβάνειν τὸ δίκαιον ἐπὶ τῶν χρηματιστῶν, i.e. to have the right of suing or being sued, Refs 2nd c.BC+; λαμβάνω ἐγὼ καὶ ὑπέχω τὸ δίκαιον ὑπὲρ τοῦ Πολυκλείτου Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II.3.b ἐμοὶ λόγον ὑποσχέτω let him render account to me, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 sustain, maintain, λόγον an argument, Refs 4th c.BC+middle, see at {ὑπισχνέομαι}.)

† I. שִׁלֵּם n.[m.] recompense (abstr. BaNB 73);—Dt 32:35 (read with 𝔖 𝔊 לְיוֹם שׁ׳; ‖ נָקָם); so read also (for יְשַׁלֵּם) Is 59:18(×2) Du (otherwise CheHpt Di-Kit Marti).

† [שַׁלְמֹן] n.[m.] reward, bribe;—pl. שַׁלְמֹנִים Is 1:23 (‖ שֹׁחַד).