Punish Penalize

† [עָנַשׁ] vb. denom. (Gerber61 f.) fine, mulct;— Qal Pf. consec. וְעָֽנְשׁוּ Dt 22:19 (2 acc.); Impf. וַיַּעֲנֹשׁ 2 Ch 36:3 (2 acc.; ‖ 2 K 23:33 supr.); Inf. cstr. עֲנוֹשׁ Pr 17:26 (לְ pers.); = punish (in gen.) עֲנָשׁ־ 21:11; Pt. pass. עֲנוּשִׁים Am 2:8 those fined, mulcted. Niph. Impf. + Qal Inf. abs. עָנוֹשׁ יֵעָנֵשׁ Ex 21:22 (E) he shall be strictly fined; more gen. Pf. נֶעֱנָ֑שׁוּ Pr 22:3 be mulcted, punished = 27:12.

κολάζω, future κολάσω Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐκόλασα Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, future κολάσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+; twice contraction in Refs 5th c.BC+, 2nd pers. singular κολᾷ Refs, participle κολωμένους Refs: aorist ἐκολασάμην Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, future -ασθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐκολάσθην Refs: perfect κεκόλασμαι Refs 5th c.BC+:—check, chastise, τὰς ἐπιθυμίας Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be corrected, τὸ ἐν μέλιτι χολῶδες -άζεται Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect participle passive, chastened, εὐπειθὲς καὶ κεκολ. Refs 4th c.BC+; ῥήτωρ κεκ. Refs 2nd c.AD+; also of an athlete, ἀπέριττος τὰ μυώδη καὶ μὴ κεκ. Refs __2 chastise, punish, τινα Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ σέμν᾽ ἔπη κόλαζ᾽ ἐκείνους use your proud words in reproving them, Refs 5th c.BC+; πληγαῖς, τιμωρίαις, Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, get a person punished, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be punished, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; of divine retribution, Refs 1st c.AD+; suffer injury, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3 of a drastic method of checking the growth of the almond-tree, Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, Refs __4 passive with genitive, to be badly in need of, Refs 1st c.AD+

τῑμωρ-έω, future -ήσωRefs 5th c.BC+:—middle, future -ήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐτιμωρησάμην Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, perfect τετῑμώρημαι Refs 5th c.BC+: used in middle sense, Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐτιμωρήθην Refs 3rd c.BC+:—to be an avenger, exact or seek to exact vengeance for, avenge, τινι Refs 5th c.BC+ uncertain reading in Refs 5th c.BC+ with accusative _of things_, τ. τῷ ἑταίρῳ τὸν φόνον avenge his slaughter, Refs 5th c.BC+ (for τινι) take vengeance for him, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑπὲρ τοῦ δήμου Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, avenge or seek to avenge one's own relative or friend, πατρὶ πάντα τιμωρουμένης Refs 5th c.BC+ — _impersonal_ in passive, Λεωνίδῃ τετιμώρηται vengeance has been taken for him, he has been avenged, Refs 5th c.BC+, thou wilt have taken vengeance in respect to L., Refs __2 τιμωρεῖν τινα take vengeance on him, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὺς αὐτοένταςRefs 5th c.BC+, compare 92; Παλαμήδους σε τιμωρεῖ φόνου (variant{φόνον}) is taking vengeance on you for the murder of P., Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be visited with vengeance, punished, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὧν ἡμάρτομεν τετιμωρήμεθα we have been punished, Refs 3rd c.BC+; εἰς τὸ -ηθῆναι αὐτούς Refs —this sense is more frequently in __3 middle, avenge oneself upon, exact vengeance from, τινα Refs 5th c.BC+; Ἑαυτὸν τιμωρούμενος Self-punisher, name of a play by Menander,Refs 5th c.BC+ with genitive _of things_, τιμωρεῖσθαί τινά τινος take vengeance on one for a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; περὶ (perhaps ὑπὲρ) τῶν πεπραγμένων Refs 5th c.BC+ less frequently with accusative _of things_, εἰ μή σ᾽ ἀδελφῆς αἷμα τιμωρήσεται will visit his sister's blood on thee, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3.b absolutely, avenge oneself, seek vengeance, Refs 5th c.BC+; ταῖς ἐσχάταις τιμωρίαις τ. visit with the extreme penalties, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ τιμωρησόμενον the power to exact vengeance, Refs 4th c.BC+: the crime is sometimes added in a relative clause, τ. εἴ τι.. ἠδίκησαν Refs 5th c.BC+ exact vengeance for Greece, Refs __II especially in present and imperfect, succour one who has been attacked or has suffered injury, help him to retaliate, τινι Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, lend aid, give succour, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 of medical aid, τ. τῷ παθήματι relieve it, Refs 5th c.BC+

τίνω, Refs 8th c.BC+, etc.: Ionic dialect imperfect τίνεσκον Refs 3rd c.BC+future τείσω (ἐκ-) Refs 4th c.BC+ 3rd.pers. singular πείσει Refsaorist ἔτεισα (ἀπ-) Refs 5th c.BC+ in Hellenistic and later Inscrr. and Papyrus, and in codices of all authors (future, Refs 8th c.BC+; aorist, Refs 8th c.BC+future and aorist of τίω, and only to be distinguished by the sense: perfect τέτεικα (ἀπο-) Refs 3rd c.BC+; participle τετεικώς Refs 3rd c.BC+:—middle, present first in Refs 8th c.BC+: future τείσομαι Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist ἐτεισάμην Refs:—passive, aorist ἐξ-ετείσθην Refs 4th c.BC+: perfect 3rd.pers. singular ἐκ-τέτεισται Refs 5th c.BC+ in Epic dialect, also Refs 6th c.BC+; τῐνω in Trag., as Refs 6th c.BC+; also in some Epigrammatists, as Refs 3rd c.BC+ __I active, pay a price by way of return or recompense, mostly in bad sense, pay a penalty, with accusative of the penalty, τ. θωήν NT+8th c.BC+; also τ. ἴσην (i.e. δίκην) Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν προσήκουσαν τιμωρίανRefs —but also __I.b in good sense, pay a debt, acquit oneself of an obligation, ζωάγρια τ. Refs 8th c.BC+; τ. χάριν τινί render one thanks, Refs 5th c.BC+ —also simply, __I.c repay, with accusative of things, τροφάς τινι Refs 5th c.BC+ —in various phrases, τ. ἀντιποίνους δύας repay equivalent sorrows, Refs 4th c.BC+; φόνον φόνου ῥύσιον τ. Refs 5th c.BC+; αἱμάτων παλαιτέρων τ. μύσος send one pollution in repayment for another, Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.1 with accusative of the thing paid or of the thing repaid (see. above). __I.2 less frequently with dative, κράατι τείσεις with thy head, Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.3 with dative of person to whom payment is made (see. above). __I.4 with dative of the penalty, τ. θανάτῳ ἅπερ ἦρξεν Refs __I.5 with genitive of the thing for which one pays, τ. ἀμοιβὴν βοῶν τινι pay him compensation for the cows, Refs 8th c.BC+; τ. τινὶ ποινήν τινος pay one retribution for.. , Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. μητρὸς δίκας for thy mother, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀντὶ πληγῆς πληγὴν τ. Refs 4th c.BC+: also with accusative of the thing for which one pays, the price being omitted, pay or atone for a thing, τείσειαν Δαναοὶ ἐμὰ δάκρυα σοῖσι βέλεσσι Refs 8th c.BC+; τ. φόνον or λώβην τινός, Refs 8th c.BC+ thou shalt make atonement for the brother thou hast slain, Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.6 absolutely, make return or requital, Refs 6th c.BC+ __II middle, have a price paid one, make another pay for a thing, avenge oneself on him, punish him, frequently from Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.1 with accusative person, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.2 with genitive criminis, τείσασθαι Ἀλέξανδρον κακότητος punish him for his wickedness, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.3 with accusative of things, take vengeance for a thing, τείσασθαι φόνον, βίην τινός, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.4 with double accusative person et of things, ἐτείσατο ἔργον ἀεικὲς ἀντίθεον Νηλῆα he made Neleus pay for the misdeed, visited it on his head, Refs 8th c.BC+; τείσασθαί τινα δίκην exact retribution from a person, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 with dative modi, τίνεσθαί τινα ἀγαναῖς ἀμοιβαῖς, φυγῇ, repay or requite with.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.6 absolutely, repay oneself, indemnify oneself, ἡμεῖς δ᾽ αὖτε ἀγειρόμενοι κατὰ δῆμον τεισόμεθ᾽ Refs 8th c.BC+. (Root q[uglide][icaron]- [alternating with q[uglide]ei- and q[uglide]oi-] 'pay': τῐ-νϝ-ω, τῐ-σις, τεί-σω [Refs 5th c.AD+: Sanskrit cáy-ate 'avenge, punish': ápa-ci-tis 'vengeance':—not related to τίω.)

ὑπέχω, future ὑφέξω Refs 5th c.BC+aorist ὑπέσχον, poetry also ὑπέσχεθον, Aeolic dialect infinitive ὐποσκέθην Refs 4th c.BC+:—hold under, __a put a mare under or to a horse, ὑποσχὼν θήλεας ἵππους Refs 8th c.BC+ __b of holding out the hand to receive something, ὑπέσχεθε χεῖρα Refs; προτείνειν καὶ ὑ. [τὴν χεῖρα], to receive bribes, Refs 4th c.BC+: proverbial of a greedy person, ὑ. τὴν χεῖρα ἀποθνήσκων Refs 4th c.AD+ __c ῥημάτων ὑ. οὖας lend an attentive ear, Refs 4th c.BC+ __d hold a cup under another vessel, while something is poured into it, Refs 5th c.BC+ stand under shower baths, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __e put under, like wax under a seal, τι ταῖς αἰσθήσεσι Refs 5th c.BC+ __f ὑ. μαστόν, of mother or nurse giving suck, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 supply, afford, furnish, νεφέλην Refs 4th c.BC+; πλοῦτος ὑ. μέριμναν Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. τὸ αὐτὸ τοῖς ἐναντίοις (i.e. fear) Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. ἑαυτόν submit oneself to another, so as to be at his disposal or follow his advice, Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, ὑπόσχες Σωκράτει ἐξελέγξαι allow Socrates to examine you, Refs __II uphold, support, τοὺς ὤμους Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 undergo, suffer, τήνδ᾽ ἄτην Refs 5th c.BC+; τιμωρίαν τινός for a thing, NT+5th c.BC+; also τούτων τὰς αἰτίας to be subject to accusation for.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 in law-phrases, ὑ. δίκας [τινός] to have to give an account of a thing, or suffer a penalty, Refs 5th c.BC+ in the same sense, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοιάνδε δίκην ὑφέξειν undergo such a trial, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῖς χρήμασι τὰς σίκας ὑ. to have to pay the penalty with one's property, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. δίκας, ἐὰν.. Refs 4th c.BC+ — ὑ. καὶ λαμβάνειν τὸ δίκαιον ἐπὶ τῶν χρηματιστῶν, i.e. to have the right of suing or being sued, Refs 2nd c.BC+; λαμβάνω ἐγὼ καὶ ὑπέχω τὸ δίκαιον ὑπὲρ τοῦ Πολυκλείτου Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II.3.b ἐμοὶ λόγον ὑποσχέτω let him render account to me, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 sustain, maintain, λόγον an argument, Refs 4th c.BC+middle, see at {ὑπισχνέομαι}.)