H5582 H5582
To support, sustain, or uphold; by extension, to refresh oneself with food, to take a meal
A Hebrew verb expressing the idea of propping up, sustaining, or lending strength to someone. In most occurrences it describes God upholding the righteous (Ps 18:35) or loyalty sustaining a king (Prov 20:28). The French soutenir and German aufrecht-halten capture the physical imagery of holding someone upright. In one distinctive usage (1 Kgs 13:7), the word shifts to mean refreshing oneself with food, a concrete expression of sustaining the body that remains alive in later Aramaic and Rabbinic Hebrew where it becomes the standard term for taking a meal.
Senses
1. support, sustain, uphold — The primary sense of providing support, sustenance, or strength to a person. God sustains the psalmist's right hand (Ps 18:35), and steadfast love upholds a king's throne (Prov 20:28). Spanish sostendrá and German aufrecht-halten both preserve the concrete image of holding something upright. The Aramaic cognate sʿaḏ likewise means 'to support, strengthen,' confirming this as the core meaning across Semitic languages. The imperative forms in Judg 19:5,8 carry the nuance 'sustain your strength' before a journey. 11×
AR["أَسْنِدْ", "أَعِنِّي", "تَسْنُدُنِي", "وَ-اسْنِدُوا", "وَ-لِـ-يُسْنِدَهَا", "وَ-يَدْعَمُ", "يَسْنُدُكَ", "يُسانِدُهُ", "يُسنِد"]·ben["আমাকে-ধরে-রাখত", "আমাকে-ধরে-রাখে", "এবং-তাকে-সমর্থন-করতে", "এবং-ধরে-রাখা-হয়", "এবং-সবল-কর", "তোমাকে-সমর্থন-করুক", "ধরে-রাখবেন-তাকে", "শক্তিশালী-কর", "শক্তিশালী-করে", "সাহায্য-কর"]·DE["[ולסעדה]", "[וסעד]", "aufrecht-halten-mich", "held-mich-hinauf", "möge-er-stützen-du", "supported-mich", "sustain", "sustains", "und-stärkt", "wird-erhalten-ihn"]·EN["and-sustain", "and-sustained", "and-to-support-it", "held-me-up", "may-he-support-you", "supported-me", "sustain", "sustains", "uphold-me", "will-sustain-him"]·FR["[ולסעדה]", "et-soutenir", "et-וסעד", "soutenir", "sustenter"]·heb["ו-ל-סעדה", "ו-סעד", "ו-סעדו", "יסעד", "יסעד-אותו", "יסעדך", "יסעדני", "סעד", "סעדני", "תסעדני"]·HI["और-समभलो", "और-समर्थन-करने", "और-स्थिर-होता-है", "दृढ़-करती-है", "संभालती-है-मुझे", "संभाले-तुझे", "सम्भाला-है-मुझे", "सम्भालेगा-उसे", "सहारा-दे"]·ID["Kuatkanlah-aku", "biarlah-menopangmu", "dan-ia-menopang", "dan-kuatkanlah", "dan-menopangnya", "kuatkanlah", "kuatkanlah-", "menguatkan", "menopang-aku", "menopangku"]·IT["[ולסעדה]", "e-e-sustained", "e-sustain", "sostenne", "sustain"]·jav["Mugi-nyangga-kula", "Panjenengan-nyanggi-kula", "badhe-nyanggi-piyambakipun", "lan-kangge-nyanggi", "lan-nyanggi", "lan-nyegeraken", "nyanggi", "nyanggi-kula", "nyanggi-panjenengan", "segerègaken", "segerègaken-"]·KO["그리고-견고케-하시리니", "그리고-떠받치는니라", "그리고-상쾌하게-하십시오", "나-를-붙들어-주셨도다", "받치시기-를", "받치시나이다", "붙드소서-나-를", "붙드시도다-그-를", "붙들리라", "힘-내라"]·PT["Ampara-me", "e-confortai", "e-para-sustentá-lo", "e-sustenta", "fortalece", "me-sustenta", "me-susteve", "o-susterá", "sustenta", "sustenta-", "te-sustente"]·RU["Подкрепи-меня", "да-поддержит-тебя", "и-поддерживается", "и-подкрепите", "и-укрепить-его", "поддерживает-меня", "поддерживала-меня", "поддержит-его", "подкрепи", "укрепляет"]·ES["Sostenme", "Sustenta", "lo-sostendrá", "me-sostenía", "me-sostiene", "sostiene", "te-sustente", "y-para-sostenerlo", "y-sustentad", "y-él-sostiene"]·SW["Imarishe", "akutegemeze", "atamsaidia", "ilinitegemeza", "na-hutegemeza", "na-kuutegemeza", "na-mburudishe", "niimarishe", "unaimarisha", "unategemeza"]·TR["destekledi-beni", "desteklesin-seni", "destekleyecek-onu", "güçlendir", "güçlendir-", "güçlendir-beni", "güçlendirir", "ve-dayandırır", "ve-desteklemek-icin-onu", "ve-güçlendirin"]·urd["اور-تقویت-کرو", "اور-مضبوط-کرتا-ہے", "اور-مضبوط-کرنے-کے-لیے", "سنبھال-مجھے", "سہارا-دے", "سہارا-دے-تجھے", "سہارا-دے-گا-اُسے", "سہارتا-ہے-مجھے", "مجھے-سنبھالتی-ہے", "مضبوط-کرتی-ہے"]
2. refresh oneself with food — A specialized usage meaning to refresh oneself by eating, where sustaining becomes the concrete act of taking a meal. In 1 Kgs 13:7 the man of God is invited to come home and 'refresh yourself' with food. Spanish refréscate and French refresh-toi-même both highlight the reflexive, self-directed nature of this sustaining. This sense became dominant in later Rabbinic Hebrew, where sāʿaḏ is the standard verb for dining. 1×
AR["وَ-تَنَاوَلْ"]·ben["এবং-খাও"]·DE["und-refresh-dich-selbst"]·EN["and-refresh-yourself"]·FR["et-refresh-toi-même"]·heb["ו-סעדה"]·HI["और-जीमन-खा"]·ID["dan-makan"]·IT["e-refresh-te-stesso"]·jav["lan-dhahar"]·KO["그리고-먹으라"]·PT["e-sustenta-te"]·RU["и-подкрепись"]·ES["y-refréscate"]·SW["na-ujiimarishe"]·TR["ve-yemek-ye"]·urd["اور-سہارا-لے"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)H8081 1. oil (substance) (180×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)H7725 2. to bring back, restore (Hifil) (151×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† סָעַד vb. support, sustain, stay (NH id., especially take a meal; Aramaic סְעַד support, stay; Zinj. סעד strengthen Lzb 330, support, perhaps feed Cook85; ChrPalAramaic n. ܣܥܕܘܢܐ aid, SchwallyIdiot. 64; Arabic سَعِدَ, سُعِدَ iii, iv. aid, assist, Lane 1360, سَاعِدٌ forearm Id 1362; Sab. סעד DHM Südar. Alt. p. 16);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. וְסָעַד consec. Pr 20:28; Impf. 3 ms. יִסְעָ֑ד 3 fs. sf.…