H5394 H5394
To slip off, drop off; to draw off (sandals); to drive out, dispossess (nations).
A versatile verb whose senses range from the mundane to the momentous. At its most physical, an axe-head 'slips off' its handle (Deut 19:5) and olives 'drop off' prematurely (Deut 28:40) — Spanish 'se suelte' and Korean 미끄러졌다 both capture this involuntary falling away. The same root commands Moses and Joshua to 'take off' their sandals on holy ground (Exod 3:5; Josh 5:15), a deliberate removal rather than accidental slipping. Most dramatically, God 'drives out' nations before Israel (Deut 7:1, 22), where the metaphor of stripping away extends to the dispossession of peoples from their land.
Senses
1. drive out, dispossess (nations) — Driving out or dispossessing nations from their land — the transitive Qal/Piel sense of forcible removal. Deut 7:1 and 7:22 describe YHWH 'driving out' (וְנָשַׁל) Canaanite nations, and 2 Kgs 16:6 uses it for Edom's expulsion of Judah. Spanish 'expulsará/expulse' and French 'fera-drive-dehors' consistently render this as territorial displacement, the strongest extension of the root's 'stripping away' core. 3×
AR["وَطَرَدَ", "وَيَطْرُدُ"]·ben["এবং-তাড়িয়ে-দিলেন", "এবং-তাড়িয়ে-দেবেন"]·DE["und-er-drives-heraus", "und-er-drove-heraus", "und-wird-vertreiben-heraus"]·EN["and-he-drives-out", "and-he-drove-out", "and-will-drive-out"]·FR["et-fera-drive-dehors", "et-il-drives-dehors", "et-il-drove-dehors"]·heb["ו-נישל", "ו-נשל"]·HI["और-निकाल-दिया", "और-निकालेगा"]·ID["Dan-mengusir", "dan-ia-mengusir", "dan-mengusir"]·IT["e-egli-drives-fuori", "e-egli-spinse-fuori", "e-fara-cacciare-fuori"]·jav["Lan-nundhung", "lan-nundhung"]·KO["그리고-쪸아냈다", "그리고-쫓으시리라"]·PT["E-expulsará", "e-expulsar", "e-expulsou"]·RU["И-изгонит", "и-изгнал", "и-изгонит"]·ES["Y-expulsará", "y-expulse", "y-expulsó"]·SW["Atawafukuza", "atawafukuza", "na-akawafukuza"]·TR["ve-kovacak", "ve-kovdu"]·urd["اور-نکال-دیا", "اور-نکالے-گا"]
2. take off, remove (sandals) — Drawing off or removing sandals — the imperative Qal sense of deliberate removal of footwear on holy ground. Exod 3:5 at the burning bush and Josh 5:15 at Jericho both use שַׁל as a divine command. Spanish 'quita' and French 'enlever' treat it straightforwardly as physical removal, distinct from the involuntary slipping of sense 3. 2×
AR["اخلَع", "اخْلَعْ-"]·ben["খোল-", "খোলো-"]·DE["entfernen", "nehmen-weg-"]·EN["remove", "take-off-"]·FR["enlever", "prendre-dehors-"]·heb["של-"]·HI["उतार"]·ID["Tanggalkanlah", "tanggalkanlah-"]·IT["prendere-off-", "rimuovere"]·jav["Copot-", "copota"]·KO["벗기라", "벗으라-"]·PT["Tira", "tira-"]·RU["Сними-", "сними-"]·ES["quita", "quita-"]·SW["vua-"]·TR["çıkar-"]·urd["اُتار", "اُتار-"]
3. slip off, drop off, fall away — Slipping off, dropping off, or falling away involuntarily — the intransitive Qal sense. In Deut 19:5 the iron axe-head 'slips off' (וְנָשַׁל) the wooden handle, and Deut 28:40 warns that olives will 'drop off' as a covenant curse. Spanish 'se suelte/se caerá' and French 'slips-off/drops' convey this accidental, gravity-driven detachment. 2×
AR["وَيَنْزَلِقُ", "يَتَسَاقَطُ"]·ben["এবং-পড়ে", "ঝরে-পড়বে"]·DE["drops", "und-slips-weg"]·EN["and-slips-off", "drops"]·FR["drops", "et-slips-off"]·heb["ו-נשל", "יישל"]·HI["और-निकलेगा", "झड़-जाएगा"]·ID["berguguran", "dan-terlepas"]·IT["drops", "e-slips-via"]·jav["dhawah", "lan-copot"]·KO["그리고-미끄러졌다", "떨어지리라"]·PT["cairão", "e-escorrega"]·RU["и-соскочит", "осыплется"]·ES["se-caerá", "y-se-suelte"]·SW["itaanguka", "na-ukatelezeka"]·TR["dökülecek", "ve-fırlarsa"]·urd["اور-نکل-پڑے", "گر-جائیںگے"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H2719 1. sword, weapon of war (410×)H4196 1. altar (place of sacrifice) (403×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† נָשַׁל vb. 1. intrans. slip or drop off; also trans.: 2. draw off. 3. clear away (NH נָשַׁל prob. intrans., Qal not used, but n. נְשִׁילָה a falling off, etc.; Pi. Hiph. cast off, let fall off, Niph. be cast off, fall off; 𝔗 Aph. אַשֵּׁיל cast out (from house); Arabic نَسَلَ excidit pluma etc.; but also trans., avis mutavit rejecitque plumas (Frey);—نَشَلَ celeriter extraxit, etc., is denom.…