H5287 H5287
To shake, shake out, or shake off; to cast off vigorously; to be shaken loose; to shake oneself free.
A kinetic verb of forceful dislodging, used for everything from God hurling Pharaoh's army into the sea to a locust being flicked from a garment fold. Nehemiah shook out his robe as a prophetic symbol, warning that God would likewise shake out anyone who broke their oath. In Isaiah 52:2, captive Zion is urged to 'shake yourself free from the dust,' a command of liberation. Spanish captures the range well: 'arrojó' (hurled) for the violent Piel, 'sacúdete' (shake yourself) for the reflexive self-liberation.
Senses
1. shake off vigorously (Piel intensive) — Piel intensive: to shake off or cast out with forceful, decisive violence. God shook Pharaoh's chariots into the Red Sea (Exod 14:27; Ps 136:15), and Nehemiah invoked the same verb in his oath-curse: 'So may God shake out every man from his house' (Neh 5:13). Spanish 'arrojó' ('he hurled') and 'sacudió' ('he shook off') convey the violent, ejective force of this intensified stem. 3×
AR["وَ-طَرَحَ", "وَنَفَضَ", "يَنْفُضُ"]·ben["এবং-ঝেড়ে-ফেললেন", "এবং-ঝেড়ে-ফেলেছিলেন", "ঝাড়ুক"]·DE["[ינער]", "und-er-shook-off", "und-schuettelte-weg"]·EN["and-he-shook-off", "and-shook-off", "may-shake-out"]·FR["[ינער]", "et-secoua-dehors", "et-secouer"]·heb["ו-ניער", "ינער"]·HI["और-झटकारा", "और-डुबो-दिया"]·ID["Dan-menghempaskan", "biarlah-dilemparkan", "dan-menjatuhkan"]·IT["[ינער]", "e-scosse", "e-shook-off"]·jav["Lan-nyuntak", "lan-Yéhuwah-mbucal", "mugi-nggoncangaken"]·KO["그리고-떨어뜨리신", "그리고-털어내셨다", "털어-버리실-것이다"]·PT["E-derribou", "e-sacudiu", "sacuda"]·RU["вытряхнет", "и-низвергшему", "и-стряхнул"]·ES["Y-arrojó", "sacuda", "y-sacudió"]·SW["amtikise", "na-akamtupa", "na-akawatupa"]·TR["silksin", "ve-salladı", "ve-savuran"]·urd["اور-جھٹکا", "جھٹک-دے"]
2. shake off/out (Qal active) — Qal active: to shake off or shake out something by physical action in the basic stem. Nehemiah shook out his garment as a symbolic act (Neh 5:13), Isaiah 33:15 describes the righteous man 'shaking his hands free from grasping a bribe,' and Isaiah 33:9 depicts Lebanon's leaves being shaken off in withering judgment. The sense is deliberate removal through physical shaking, less violent than the Piel. 3×
AR["النَّافِضُ", "نَفَضْتُ", "وَ-سَقَطَتْ-أَوْرَاقُ"]·ben["আমি-ঝাড়লাম", "ও-সে-ঝরে-পড়ে", "যে-ঝাড়ে"]·DE["[ונער]", "[נער]", "[נערתי]"]·EN["I-shook-out", "and-shaking-off", "who-shakes"]·FR["[נערתי]", "et-garçon", "garçon"]·heb["ו-נוער", "נוער", "נערתי"]·HI["और-झड़-रहा-है", "झाड़नेवाला"]·ID["aku-kibaskan", "dan-gugur", "yang-mengibaskan"]·IT["[ונער]", "[נער]", "[נערתי]"]·jav["kula-kebut", "lan-ngudhal-godhong", "ngibasaken"]·KO["그리고-떨군다", "내가-털었다", "털어내는-자이다"]·PT["e-sacodem", "sacode", "sacudi"]·RU["вытряхнул-я", "и-осыпаются", "отряхивающий"]·ES["el-que-sacude", "sacudí", "y-sacudidos"]·SW["akunge", "na-imepukutisha", "nilitikisa"]·TR["silken", "silktim", "ve-yaprak-doken"]·urd["اور-لرزیں", "جھٹکنے-والا", "میں-نے-جھٹکا"]
3. be shaken off (passive) — Passive voice (Qal passive participle and Niphal): to be shaken off, shaken out, or dislodged. The psalmist laments 'I am shaken off like a locust' (Ps 109:23), evoking the image of an insect flicked from a garment fold -- a powerful metaphor for feeling expendable and rootless. In Job 38:13, the wicked are 'shaken off' the earth at dawn. Spanish 'soy sacudido' preserves the passive suffering, while German 'abgeschüttelt' adds the sense of being discarded. 3×
AR["مَنْفوضًا", "نُفِضتُ", "وَيُنْفَضَ"]·ben["আমি-ঝেড়ে-ফেলা-হয়েছি", "আর-ঝাঁকিয়ে-ফেলা-হয়", "ঝাড়া"]·DE["[וינערו]", "[נעור]", "ich-bin-abgeschüttelt"]·EN["I-am-shaken-off", "and-be-shaken-off", "shaken-out"]·FR["[נעור]", "et-וינערו", "secouer"]·heb["ו-יינערו", "ננערתי", "נעור"]·HI["और-झाड़े-जाएं", "झाड़-दिया-गया-हूँ"]·ID["aku-diusir", "dan-dikibas-kibaskan", "dilemparkan"]·IT["[נעור]", "e-e-essere-shaken-off", "scosse"]·jav["kagoncangaken", "kula-dipunkebur", "lan-dipunkebut"]·KO["그리고-털리우다", "떨려-떨어졌나이다", "털린-자로"]·PT["e-sejam-sacudidos", "sacudido", "sou-sacudido"]·RU["вытряхнутый", "и-вытряхнуты-будут", "сметаюсь"]·ES["sacudido", "soy-sacudido", "y-sean-sacudidos"]·SW["aliyetikiswa", "na-watikiswe", "nimekung'utwa"]·TR["silkelendim", "silkinmiş", "ve-silkelensinler"]·urd["اور-جھٹک دیے جائیں", "جھٹکا-ہوا", "میں-جھٹک-دیا-گیا-ہوں"]
4. shake oneself free (reflexive) — Hitpael and Niphal reflexive: to shake oneself free from dust, bonds, or captivity. Isaiah 52:2 commands Zion: 'Shake yourself from the dust, arise!' -- a call to self-liberation that pairs physical and spiritual freedom. Samson 'shook himself free' expecting divine strength (Judg 16:20), not knowing the LORD had departed. Spanish 'sacúdete' (imperative reflexive) perfectly mirrors the Hebrew Hitpael command, capturing both the physical motion and the theological urgency of rising from subjugation. 2×
AR["انْتَفِضِي", "وَ-أَتَحَرَّرُ"]·ben["এবং-ঝাড়ব", "নিজেকে-ঝাড়ো"]·DE["[התנערי]", "und-schuetteln-myself-befreien"]·EN["and-shake-myself-free", "shake-yourself"]·FR["[התנערי]", "et-secouer-myself-libérer"]·heb["התנערי", "ו-אנער"]·HI["और-मैं-झटकूँगा", "धूल"]·ID["Otakkanlah-dirimu", "dan-akan-melepaskan-diri"]·IT["[התנערי]", "e-shake-myself-liberare"]·jav["Otot-ototipun", "lan-kawula-ngonyak"]·KO["그리고-나가-벽겠다", "털어-버려라"]·PT["Sacode-te", "e-me-sacudirei"]·RU["и-стряхнусь", "отряхнись"]·ES["Sacúdete", "y-me-sacudiré"]·SW["Jikung’ute", "na-nijikungushe"]·TR["Silkinip-temizlen", "ve-silkineceğim"]·urd["اور-جھٹکوں-گا", "جھاڑ"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)G2309 1. want, desire (166×)H7725 2. to bring back, restore (Hifil) (151×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† II. [נָעַר] vb. shake, shake out or off (NH נָעַר shake, stir up, especially Pi. Niph.; 𝔗 נְעֹרֶת tow (v. infr.); Arabic نَغِرَ, نَغَرَ boil, be in violent commotion, be very angry);— Qal Pf. 1 s. נָעַ֫רְתִּי Ne 5:13; Pt. act. נֹעֵר Is 33:9, 15; pass. Ne 5:13;—shake out, to shew emptiness, חָצְנִי נ׳ Ne 5:13 (symbol.), נ׳ כַּפָּיו מִתְּמֹךְ בַּשֹּׁחַד Is 33:15; pt. shaken out, emptied נ׳ וָרֵק…