ὁρίζω G3724
To determine, appoint, or declare; to fix boundaries, ordain events, or designate persons according to divine or human decision.
Rooted in the noun horos ('boundary'), this verb carries the spatial sense of marking out limits and the metaphorical sense of fixing, determining, or ordaining. In the New Testament it overwhelmingly describes divine sovereignty: God determined the appointed times and boundaries of nations (Acts 17:26), and Jesus goes 'as it has been determined' (Luke 22:22). It can specify the appointment of a person to a role, as when Jesus is 'appointed judge of the living and the dead' (Acts 10:42). Its most theologically debated use is Romans 1:4, where Jesus is 'declared' or 'marked out' as Son of God with power — Spanish 'declarado' and German 'bestimmen' both try to capture this public, authoritative designation.
Senses
1. to determine, fix, ordain — To determine, fix, or foreordain events, times, or actions according to deliberate counsel — whether divine or human. God's predetermined plan is in view in Luke 22:22 and Acts 2:23; human decision-making appears in Acts 11:29. Spanish 'determinado/designo' and French 'determiner' reflect the purposeful, boundary-setting force of the word across Acts 17:26 and 17:31. 6×
AR["المُحَدَّدَةِ", "حَدَّدَ", "حَدَّدُوا", "عَيَّنَ", "مَقْضِيِّ", "يُحَدِّدُ"]·ben["ঠিক-করল", "নির্ধারণ-করে", "নির্ধারণ-করেছেন", "নির্ধারণ-করেন", "নির্ধারিত"]·DE["bestimmen", "ὁρίσας", "ὡρισμένον", "ὡρισμένῃ", "ὥρισαν", "ὥρισεν"]·EN["determined", "having-been-determined", "having-determined", "he-appointed", "he-appoints"]·FR["déterminer"]·heb["הִגְדִּיר", "הֶחְלִיטוּ", "מַגְדִּיר", "נִגְזָרָה", "נֶחֱרָץ"]·HI["और", "ठहराए-हुए", "ठहराकर", "ठहराया", "निर्धारित-करता-है", "निश्चय-किया"]·ID["Dia-tentukan", "Ia-menetapkan", "ditetapkan", "menentukan", "menetapkan", "yang-ditetapkan"]·IT["definire", "orismenon", "orizei"]·jav["Panjenenganipun-nemtokaken", "ingkang-dipun-tamtokaken", "ingkang-sampun-katetepaken", "nemtokaken", "netepaken"]·KO["그가-정하셨으니", "들으라", "정하셨다", "정하시니", "정해진-대로", "정했다"]·PT["determina", "determinado"]·RU["определив", "определил", "определили", "определяет", "определённому"]·ES["designó", "determina", "determinado", "determinaron", "habiendo-determinado"]·SW["akiamua", "aliamua", "anaamua", "iliyoamuliwa", "waliamua"]·TR["atadı", "belirlenmiş", "belirlenmiş-olana", "belirleyerek", "karar-verdiler"]·urd["مقرر", "مقرر-کر-کے", "مقرر-کرتا-ہے", "مقرر-کیا", "ٹھہرائے-ہوئے", "ٹھہرایا"]
2. to appoint, designate (a person) — To appoint or designate a person to a particular role or function, emphasizing the authority behind the selection. In Acts 10:42, Jesus is the one 'appointed by God as judge of the living and the dead.' Spanish 'designado' and German use of the participial form highlight the official, commissioning character of this sense. 1×
AR["ٱلْمُعَيَّنُ"]·ben["নির্ধারিত"]·DE["ὡρισμένος"]·EN["having-been-appointed"]·FR["déterminer"]·heb["מְמֻנֶּה"]·HI["ठहराया-गया"]·ID["yang-ditetapkan"]·IT["definire"]·jav["katemtokaken"]·KO["정해진"]·RU["определённый"]·ES["designado"]·SW["aliyeteuliwa"]·TR["belirlenen"]·urd["ٹھہرایا-ہوا"]
3. to declare, designate publicly — To declare or publicly mark out with an authoritative designation. Romans 1:4 stands alone: Jesus was 'declared Son of God with power by the resurrection from the dead.' The multilingual evidence is revealing — Spanish shifts to 'declarado' rather than 'determinado,' and German uses 'bestimmen' in its sense of 'designate,' suggesting the emphasis falls on public proclamation rather than predetermination. 1×
AR["المُعَيَّنِ"]·ben["নির্ধারিত-হয়েছিলেন"]·DE["bestimmen"]·EN["having-been-declared"]·FR["déterminer"]·heb["נִקְבַּע"]·HI["ठहराए-गए"]·ID["ditetapkan"]·IT["definire"]·jav["katemtokaken"]·KO["선포-된"]·PT["declarado"]·RU["определённом"]·ES["declarado"]·SW["aliyetangazwa"]·TR["belirlenmiş"]·urd["مقرر-کیا-گیا"]
Related Senses
G2962 1. Lord (divine title) (661×)H0136 1. Lord (divine title) (440×)H0113 1. lord, human superior (249×)G1849 1. authority, power (91×)H6485a 2. Qal: punish, bring judgment (63×)H8198 1. maidservant, female slave (63×)G2962 2. master, lord (human authority) (61×)H0034 1. needy, poor, destitute (61×)H0519 1. female servant, maidservant (56×)H6041 1. poor, needy person (55×)H0113 2. master, owner of servants (49×)H4910 1. Qal: to have dominion, exercise power over (44×)H1800 1. poor, needy (socioeconomic) (38×)H3515 1. heavy, severe, grievous (36×)G4434 1. (34×)G5092 1. honor, esteem, respect (33×)H6485a 4. Qal: visit, attend to, care for (32×)H3513 1. honor / show respect (Piel) (30×)H4910 2. Qal: to rule, govern (administrative authority) (27×)H4513 1. withhold, restrain, hold back (25×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ὁρίζω, Ionic dialect οὐρ- Refs 5th c.BC+: future ὁριῶ Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ὥρισα Refs 5th c.BC+; Ionic dialect οὔρισα Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ὥρικα Refs 4th c.BC+:—middle, future -ιοῦμαιRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist ὡρισάμην Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, future ὁρισθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ὡρίσθην Refs: perfect ὥρισμαι Refs 5th c.BC+; but in middle sense, Refs 5th c.BC+: (ὅρος):—divide or separate…