βᾰρύς G0926
Heavy, burdensome, weighty; describing physical weight, oppressive demands, moral gravity, or fierce severity.
Barys, the adjective behind the noun baros, spans a wide semantic arc from literal heaviness to figurative severity. Jesus denounces the Pharisees for loading 'heavy' burdens on others (Matt 23:4) and for neglecting the 'weightier' matters of the law -- justice, mercy, and faithfulness (Matt 23:23). Paul speaks of the 'weighty' impression of his letters versus his weak bodily presence (2 Cor 10:10). Luke describes the 'fierce' wolves that will ravage the flock (Acts 20:29) and the 'serious' charges brought against Paul (Acts 25:7). The word's range -- from physical heaviness to moral gravity to threatening ferocity -- is remarkably consistent across languages: Arabic thaqil, German schwer, Spanish pesadas/graves all carry similar dual registers.
Senses
1. heavy, burdensome, weighty — Heavy, burdensome, weighty, or severe -- covering physical weight, oppressive demands, moral importance, and fierce intensity. Jesus uses it of the 'heavy' burdens imposed by Pharisees (Matt 23:4) and of the 'weightier' matters of the Torah (Matt 23:23), where the literal sense of heaviness becomes a metaphor for moral priority. Paul applies it to the perceived 'weightiness' of his letters (2 Cor 10:10). In Acts 20:29, 'fierce' (bareis) wolves extend the sense to threatening severity, while Acts 25:7 uses it of 'serious' legal charges. Spanish renders this range as 'pesadas' (heavy), 'graves' (serious), and 'feroces' (fierce); German 'schwer' captures both physical and moral weight. The breadth of translation evidence confirms a single polysemous adjective rather than distinct senses. 6×
AR["الأَثقَلَ", "ثَقيلَةً", "ثَقيلَةٌ", "ثَقِيلَةً", "خَطِيرَةٌ"]·ben["গুরুতর", "ভারী", "হিংস্র"]·DE["schwer", "βαρέα", "βαρεῖς", "βαρύτερα"]·EN["burdensome", "fierce", "heavy", "serious", "weightier-matters", "weighty"]·FR["lourd"]·heb["חֲמוּרִים", "כְּבֵדִים", "כְּבֵדוֹת", "כְבֵדוֹת"]·HI["गंभीर", "भारी"]·ID["berat", "ganas", "yang-lebih-penting"]·IT["bareiai", "pesante"]·jav["awrat", "galak,", "langkung-awrat"]·KO["더-무거운-것들-을", "무거운", "무겁고", "사나운"]·PT["ferozes,", "graves", "pesadas", "pesados"]·RU["важнейшее", "весомые", "лютые,", "тяжелы", "тяжкие", "тяжёлые"]·ES["feroces", "graves", "más-pesadas", "pesadas", "pesados"]·SW["mazito", "na", "ni-nzito", "nzito", "wakali", "ya-"]·TR["ağır", "daha-ağır-olanları", "şiddetli"]·urd["اہم", "بھاری"]
Related Senses
G2962 1. Lord (divine title) (661×)H0136 1. Lord (divine title) (440×)H0113 1. lord, human superior (249×)G1849 1. authority, power (91×)H6485a 2. Qal: punish, bring judgment (63×)H8198 1. maidservant, female slave (63×)G2962 2. master, lord (human authority) (61×)H0034 1. needy, poor, destitute (61×)H0519 1. female servant, maidservant (56×)H6041 1. poor, needy person (55×)H0113 2. master, owner of servants (49×)H4910 1. Qal: to have dominion, exercise power over (44×)H1800 1. poor, needy (socioeconomic) (38×)H3515 1. heavy, severe, grievous (36×)G4434 1. (34×)G5092 1. honor, esteem, respect (33×)H6485a 4. Qal: visit, attend to, care for (32×)H3513 1. honor / show respect (Piel) (30×)H4910 2. Qal: to rule, govern (administrative authority) (27×)H4513 1. withhold, restrain, hold back (25×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
βᾰρύς, εῖα, ύ, poetry genitive plural feminine βαρεῶν uncertain in Refs 4th c.BC+:— heavy in weight, β. ἀείρεσθαι, opposed to κοῦφος, Refs 8th c.BC+ mostly with collateral notion of strength and force, χεῖρα βαρεῖαν Refs 8th c.BC+; of athletes, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ὀφρύς bushy, Refs; but also, heavy with age, infirmity or suffering, νόσῳ Refs 5th c.BC+; pregnant, Refs 4th c.AD+; β. βάσις heavy, slow,…