Honor and Weight

† II. כָּבוֹד n.m. Is 60:1 and †f. Gn 49:6 abundance, honour, glory;—כ׳ Jos 7:19 + 70 times; כָּבֹד Gn 31:1 Na 2:10; cstr. כְּבוֹד Ex 16:7 + 62 times; כְּבֹד Pr 25:2(×2); sf. כְּבוֹדִי Gn 45:13 + 17 times; כְּבֹדִי Gn 49:6 + 3 times; + 40 times sfs.— 1. abundance, riches Gn 31:1 (J), Is 10:3; 61:6; 66:11, 12 Na 2:10 ψ 49:17, 18. 2. honour, splendour, glory, of external condition and circumstances: a. of men: of Joseph in Egypt Gn 45:13 (E); of Job Jb 19:9; 29:20; of Ephraim Ho 9:11, Samaria Ho 10:5; עֹשֶׁר וְכָכוֹד wealth and splendour 1 Ch 29:12, 28; 2 Ch 17:5; 18:1; 32:27; Pr 3:16; 8:18; 22:4; עשֶׁר (וּ)נְכָסִים וְכ׳ 2 Ch 1:11, 12 = גם ע׳ גם כ׳ 1 K 3:13, Ec 6:2; ‖ עשֶׁר Pr 11:16; man was crowned with כ׳ וְהָדָר at his creation, ψ 8:6; the king is given כ׳ ‖ הוֹד וְהָדָר ψ 21:6. b. of things, כ׳ עָשְׁרוֹ Est 5:11 splendour of his wealth, of a throne 1 S 2:8 (poem), Is 22:23; Je 14:21; 17:12; a kingdom Est 1:4; chariots Is 22:18; priestly robes Ex 28:2, 40 (P); Lebanon Is 35:2; 60:13; forest Is 10:18 (fig. of royal might); trees Ez 31:18; temple Hg 2:3, 9; restored holy land ψ 84:12 Is 4:2, 5; Jerus. Is 62:2. c. of God, glory, (1) in historic theophanies: to Moses Ex 33:18, 22 (J); ‖ אֹתֹת Nu 14:22 (JE); ‖ גָּדְלוֹ Dt 5:21. P uses כ׳ יהוה for theophanies of the Exodus Ex 16:7, 10; 24:16, 17; 40:34, 35; Lv 9:6, 23; Nu 14:10; 16:19; 17:7; 2:6, cf. 2 Ch 5:14 = 1 K 8:11, 2 Ch 7:1, 2, 3; so Ezek., Ez 1:28; 3:12, 23; 10:4(×2), 18; 11:23; 43:4, 5; 44:4; with the variation כ׳ אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ez 8:4; 9:3; 10:19; 11:22; 43:2, and הַכָּבוֹד Ez 3:23; the sacred tent was sanctified by the Glory Ex 29:43 (P), and the temple was מְקוֹם מִשְׁכַּן כ׳ ψ 26:8; when the ark was captured, the Glory went into exile from Israel 1 S 4:21, 22. (2) in historic and ideal manifestations to the pious mind Yahweh’s name is a name of glory ψ 72:19 Ne 9:5; his eyes of glory Is 3:8; in the temple his glory is seen ψ 63:3; it is על השׁמים ψ 113:4; על כל הארץ ψ 57:6, 12; in a thunderstorm he is אֵל הַכָּבוֹד ψ 29:3; his glory is לְעוֹלָם ψ 104:31; it is great ψ 138:5; above all the earth ψ 108:6; the whole earth is full of it Is 6:3; the heavens are declaring כְּבוֹד אֵל ψ 19:2; with reference to the divine reign כּ׳ הֲדַר מַלְכוּתוֹ, ψ 145:12; הֲדַר כ׳ הוֹדֶ֑ךָ ψ 145:5. (3) he is מֶלֶךְ הַכָּבוֹד ψ 24:7, 8, 9, 10(×2); he will appear in his glory ψ 102:17, his glory will be revealed in a march through the wilderness to the holy land Is 40:5, the land will see it Is 35:2, shine with it Ez 43:2, and it will dwell in the land ψ 85:10; it will be to the rearward of Israel Is 58:8; it will arise and be seen upon Jerusalem Is 60:1, 2; Yahweh will be the glory in the midst of her Zc 2:9; the temple will be filled with it Hg 2:7; the earth will be filled with a knowledge of it Hb 2:14, and with it Nu 14:21 (JE) ψ 72:19; it will be declared among the nations and all will see it Is 66:18, 19(×2) ψ 97:6 and peoples and kings revere it ψ 102:16 Is 59:19; י׳ will reign before his elders in glory Is 24:23; the resting-place of the Messiah will be כָּבוֹד Is 11:10. 3. honour, dignity of position מנע מִכּ׳ withhold from honour Nu 24:11 (E); ירד מִכּ׳ descend from Je 48:18; שׁלח אחר כ׳ send after Zc 2:12; רוּם בכ׳ ψ 112:9; שׁכב בכ׳ Is 14:18; תמך כ׳ Pr 29:23; יַרְבֶּה כ׳ Dn 11:39; לקח כ׳ take me to honour ψ 73:24; not becoming to fools Ps 26:1; לפני כ׳ ענוה before honour (goeth) humility Pr 15:33; 18:12; antithesis קלון Ho 4:7; Hb 2:16; Pr 3:35, קִיקָלוֹן Hb 2:16; כָּבוֹד is used as collective, of honoured men, dignitaries, nobility כבוד ישׂראל Mi 1:15; elsewhere as cstr. before various nations or with sfs. only Is 5:13; 8:7; 10:16; 16:14; 17:3, 4; 21:16; 22:24. 4. honour, reputation, of character, of man וְלֹא־לְךָ לְכ׳ 2 Ch 26:18 neither will it be for thine honour; ‖ חכמה Ec 10:1; צדקה Pr 21:21; antith. כְּלִמָּה ψ 4:3; וְחֵקֶר כְּבֹדָם כָּבוֹד Pr 25:27 and searching out of their glory is (not) glory כ׳ לאישׂ Pr 20:3; כ׳ אֱלֹהִים הַסְתֵּר דָּבָר וכ׳ מְלָכִים חֲקֹר דָּבָר Pr 25:2 the honour of God is to conceal a thing, but the honour of kings is to search out a thing. 5. my honour, poet. of the seat of honour in the inner man, the noblest part of man ‖ נפשׁי Gn 49:6 (poem) ψ 7:6; לִבִּי ψ 16:9 108:2; it is called upon to זמּר ψ 30:13 (read כְּבוֹדִי for כָּבוֹד); עוּרָה ψ 57:9. 6. honour, reverence, glory, as due to one or ascribed to one: a. of men, due to a father Mal 1:6; honour done to David by Nathan’s prophecy 1 Ch 17:18; עשׂה כ׳ לְ 2 Ch 32:33 do honour to; נתן כ׳ לְ Pr 26:8; ‖ ישׁע ψ 62:8. b. of God, כְּבוֹדִי the honour due to me (Yahweh) Is 42:8; 43:7; 48:11 כ׳ שְׁמֶ֑ךָ ψ 79:9; נתן כ׳ לְ 1 S 6:5 Je 13:16 Mal 2:2 ψ 115:1; שׂים כ׳ לְ Jos 7:19 (J), Is 42:12; שׂים כ׳ תהלתוֹ ψ 66:2; יהב כ׳ ועז לְ ψ 29:1; 96:7 = 1 Ch 16:28; יהב כ׳ שְׁמוֹ לְ ψ 29:2; 96:8 = 1 Ch 16:29; זמּר כ׳ שְׁמוֹ ψ 66:2; ספּר כבודו בגוים ψ 96:3 = 1 Ch 16:24; אמר כ׳ מלכותך ψ 145:11; נתן כבודי בגוים Ez 39:21; אֹמֵר כָּבוֹד ψ 29:9 say Glory; יַעְלְזוּ בְּכ׳ exult with (ascriptions of) glory ψ 149:5. 7. glory as the object of honour, reverence and glorifying, כְּבוֹדִי ψ 3:4 my glory (the one whom I glorify); כְּבוֹדָם ψ 106:20 their glory; כְּבוֹדוֹ Je 2:11.

† כָּבֵד vb. be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honoured (NH Pi. honour, and deriv., כֹּבֶד weight; Ph. n.pr.f. כבדת = honoured one, and in cpd. n.pr.; Ethiopic ከብደ be heavy, etc.; Assyrian kabâdu or kabâtu, grow or be heavy, DlHWB; cf. Arabic كَبَدٌ difficulty, distress; كَبَدَ iii. struggle with difficulties, etc.; Zinj. כבדו honour, DHMSendsch. 58; Sab. כבודת gifts of honour, = Heb. נדבה freewill offering DHMZMG 1883, 341 f.)— Qal Pf. כ׳ Is 24:20; 3 fs. כָּֽבְדָה Gn 18:20 + 4 times; כָּבֵ֑דָה Ju 20:34; 3 mpl. כָּֽבְדוּ Gn 48:10; Impf. יִכְבָּד Ex 9:7 Is 66:5; יִכְבָּ֑ד Jb 6:3; 33:7 + 10 times Impf. (כָּבֵד Gn 12:10 + is given as 3 m. Pf. by some; but it is prob. taken better as adj. SS make כָּבֵד ψ 38:5 inf. abs.; 1. be heavy, in weight, of misfortune, heavier than sand Jb 6:3; of God’s hand in punishment 1 S 5:11, with אֶל 1 S 5:6; עַל ψ 32:4; of man’s hand in war Ju 1:35; יָדִי כָּֽבְדָה עַל־אַנְחָתִי my hand is heavy upon my groaning Jb 23:3 is explained by 𝔗 Hrz Schlottm as hand smiting me; but read rather with 𝔊 𝔖 Ew De Reu Di יָדוֹ of God’s hand; of pressure אַכְפִּי Jb 33:7 (𝔊 כַּפִּי); = vehement, sore, of battle Ju 20:34; c. אֶל 1 S 31:3 = עַל 1 Ch 10:3; burdensome, grievous; וְלֹא נִכְבַּד עָלֶי֑ךָ lest we be burdensome unto thee 2 S 13:25; of work laid upon one, bondage, with עַל Ex 5:9 (JE) Ne 5:18; of sin conceived as a burden Gn 18:20 (J), iniquities ψ 38:5; transgressions, with עַל Is 24:20. 2. heavy, insensible, dull, of the eyes, so as to be unable to see Gn 48:10 (JE); of the ears Is 59:1; of the לֵב, hard, insensible Ex 9:7 (J; P and E’s syn. is חָזַק, q.v.) 3. be honoured (cf. βαρύς) of a man Jb 14:21 (opp. יצערו: cf. Hiph. 3), of Tyre Ez 27:25, of Yahweh Is 66:5. Niph. Pf. נִכְבַּד 2 S 6:20, נִכְבָּ֔ר 2 S 23:19, 23 1 Ch 11:21; נִכְבַּדְתָּ Is 43:4; + 2 times Pf.; Impf. אֶכָּבֵד Lv 10:3 Is 49:5; אִכָּֽבְדָה Ex 14:4, 17; אִכָּבֵ֑דָה 2 S 6:22; אִכָּֽבְדָ֯ Hg 1:8; Imv. הִכָּבֵד 2 K 14:10; Inf. הִכָּֽבְדִי Ex 14:18 Ez 39:13; Pt. נִכְבָּד Gn 34:19 + 6 times; pl. נִכְבָּדִים Nu 22:15; cstr. נִכְבַּדֵּי Is 23:8, 9 Pr 8:24; נִכְבַּדֶּיהָ Na 3:10; נִכְבְּדֵיהֶם ψ 149:8; Pl. f. נִכְבָּדוֹת ψ 87:3— 1. pass. a. be made heavy from abundance, מַעְיָנוֹת נִכְבַּדֵּי־מָ֑יִם fountains abounding in water Pr 8:24. b. be honoured, enjoy honour, of man 1 S 9:6; 22:14; 2 S 6:20, 22; 23:19 = 1 Ch 11:21, 2 S 23:23; 2 K 14:10; Is 43:4; 49:5; 1 Ch 4:9 וַיְהִי נִכְבָּד, 11:25 נִכְבָּד הוּא (altered from 2 S 23:23); but more frequent in pt. as subst. honourable, honoured, distinguished man Gn 34:19 Nu 22:15 (JE) Is 3:5; 23:8, 9; Na 3:10; ψ 149:8; נִכְבָּדוֹת ψ 87:3 glorious things; הַשֵּׁם הַנִּכְבָּד וְהַנּוֹרָא Dt 28:58 the glorious and awe-inspiring name (of Yahweh). 2. medial, get oneself glory (or honour), of God Is 26:15; Ez 28:22; 39:13; Hg 1:8; with בְּ in or by any one Ex 14:4, 17, 18 (P); עַל־פְּנֵי Lv 10:3 (P). Piel Pf. 2 m. sf. כִּבַּדְתָּ֫נִי Is 43:23; 3 mpl. כִּבְּדוּ 1 S 6:6; + 3 times Pf.; Impf. יְכַבֵּד Mal 1:6 + 3 times; sf. יְכַבְּדָ֑נְנִי ψ 50:23; 3fs. sf. תְּכַבְּדֵנִי Is 43:20; אֲכַבְּדָה ψ 86:12; + 12 times Impf.; Imv. כַּבֵּד Ex 20:12 + 2 times; + 3 times Imv.; Inf. abs. כַּבֵּד Nu 22:17; + 2 times Inf.; Pt. מְכַבֵּד 2 S 10:3; + 4 times Pt.;— 1. make heavy, insensible (cf. Qal 2) the לב(ב) 1 S 6:6(×2). 2. make honourable, honour, glorify, usually c. human subj.: a. human obj., parents Ex 20:12 = Dt 5:16 (Dec.), Mal 1:6; Balaam Nu 22:17(×2), 37; 24:11(×2) (JE); sons of Eli 1 S 2:29; Saul 1 S 15:30; Nahash 2 S 10:3 = 1 Ch 19:3; Jerusalem La 1:8; more gen. ψ 15:4; subj. God 1 S 2:30 b ψ 91:15, cf. Pr 4:8. b. obj. things, sacred place Is 6:13 (God subj.); the Sabbath Is 58:13. c. God obj. 1 S 2:30 a Is 24:15; 25:3; 43:20 ψ 22:24; 50:15, 23 Pr 14:31; + acc. rei זבחיך Is 43:23; + בְּ instr. (lips) Is 29:13; + מִן (מֵהוֶֹנ֑ךָ) Pr 3:9; obj. the name of י׳, c. acc. ψ 86:12; c. לְ ψ 86:9; obj. the מַלְאַךְ י׳ Ju 13:17. d. subj. indef. (si vera l.), obj. God and man Ju 9:9 (of olive; on text, especially בּוֹ for בִּי, v. GFM). e. obj. a heathen god לֶאֱלֹהַּ Dn 11:38(×2). Pu. be made honourable, honoured. Impf. יְכֻבָּ֑ד Pr 13:18; 27:18; Pt. מְכֻבָּד Is 58:13. Hiph. Pf. הִכְבִּיד La 3:7 + 5 times; 2 f. הִכְבַּדְתְּ Is 47:6; + 4 times Pf.; Impf. וַיַּכְבֵּד Ex 8:28; 9:34; Imv. הַכְבֵּד Is 6:10; Infin. abs. הַכְבֵּד Ex 8:11; cstr. הַכְבִּיד 2 Ch 25:19; Pt. מַכְבִּיד Hb 2:6.— 1. make heavy, a yoke 1 K 12:10, 14 = 2 Ch 10:10, 14, Is 47:6; ellipt. with עַל Ne 5:15; a chain La 3:7; pledges, with עַל Hb 2:6. 2. make heavy, dull, unresponsive, the ears Is 6:10 Zc 7:11; the לֵב Ex 8:11, 28; 9:34; 10:1 (J). 3. cause to be honoured, of depopulated districts of NE. Israel, Is 8:23, of restored nation Je 30:19 (‖ לא יצערו); shew or display honour, 2 Ch 25:19 לְהַכְבִּיד (in ‖ 2 K 14:10 הִכָּבֵד). Hithp. Imv. הִתְכַּבֵּד Na 3:15; f. הִתְכַּבְּדִי Na 3:15; Pt. מִתְכַּבֵּד Pr 12:9;— 1. make oneself heavy, dense, numerous (cf. כָּבֵד 1 b) as locusts Na 3:15(×2). 2. honour oneself Pr 12:9.

† כָּבֵד adj. heavy;—כ׳ Gn 41:31 + 34 times; cstr. כְּבַד Ex 4:10(×2); כֶּ֫בֶד Is 1:4; pl. כְּבֵדִים Ex 17:12; cstr. כִּבְדֵי Ez 3:5, 6;— 1. a. heavy, a burden ψ 38:5; hands (weary of holding up) Ex 17:12 (E), hair of head 2 S 14:26, a corpulent old man 1 S 4:18; עַם כֶבֶד עָוֹן Is 1:4 a people heavy with (the burden of) iniquity; a cloud charged with rain Ex 19:16 (E); a rock of large size Is 32:2; oppressive, grievous, burdensome, a yoke 1 K 12:4, 11 = 2 Ch 10:4, 11; a famine Gn 12:10; 41:31; 43:1; 47:4, 13 (J); the vexation (כַּעַם) of a fool Pr 27:3; vehement, sore, of a mourning Gn 50:11 (J). b. massive, abundant, numerous, of a people עַם Nu 20:20 (J) 1 K 3:9; army חיל 2 K 6:14; 18:17 = Is 36:2; insect swarm Ex 8:20 (J). c. heavy, dull of speech and tongue Ex 4:10(×2) (JE); of the לֵב, hard Ex 7:14 (J). d. burdensome, of a thing Ex 18:18 (E) people Nu 11:14 (J); of a people to be understood Ez 3:5, 6. 2. in the usage of J כָּבֵד מְאֹד is frequent: a. very oppressive, grievous, of hail Ex 9 18:24; murrian Ex 9:3; lamentation Gn 50:10. b. very numerous, cattle Ex 12:38; army, מַחֲנֶה Gn 50:9; locusts Ex 10:14; so חַיִל 1 K 10:2 = 2 Ch 9:1. c. very rich, במקנה in cattle Gn 13:2.

I. [קָשָׁה] vb. be hard, severe, fierce (NH קָשָׁח be severe; Arabic قَسَا (ى) be hard, dry, iii. endure, struggle against, severity; Aramaic קְשָׁא, ܩܫܳܐ be hard, difficult; J.Aram קְשִׁי, קַשְׁיָה adj. hard);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. קָֽשְׁתָה 1 S 5:7, קָשָׁ֑תָה Gn 49:7; Impf. 3 ms. יִקְשֶׁה Dt 1:17; 15:18, וַיִּ֫קֶשׁ 2 S 19:44;— 1. be hard, difficult Dt 1:17 (of a legal case; מִן compar.). 2. be hard, severe, ק׳ יָדוֹ עָלֵינוּ 1 S 5:7 (of י׳, in judgment); יִק׳ בְעֵינֶ֑ךָ Dt 15:18 it shall not be hard in thine eyes (seem a severe trial, an injustice); of wrath Gn 49:7 (poem in J; ‖ עָ֑ז); of fierce words 2 S 19:44. Niph. Pt. נִקְשֶׁה Is 8:21 hardly bestead, hard pressed. Pi. Impf. 3 fs. וַתְּקַשׁ בְּלִדְתָּהּ Gn 35:16 (E) she made hard in her bearing (had severe labour). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִקְשָׁה Ex 13:15 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיֶּקֶשׁ 2 Ch 36:13; 3 mpl. וַיַּקְשׁוּ Je 7:26 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. sf. בְּהַקְשֹׁתָהּ Gn 35:17; Pt. מַקְשֶׁה Pr 28:14; 29:1;— 1. make difficult, difficulty: הִקְשָׁה לְשַׁלְּחֵנוּ Ex 13:15 Pharach made difficulty about sending us away; of travail Gn 35:17 (E; as Pi.); הַקְשִׁיתָ לִשְׁאוֹל 2 K 2:10 thou hast made hard to ask, asked a hard thing. 2. make severe, burdensome, yoke imposed by king 1 K 12:4 = 2 Ch 10:4. 3. a. make hard, stiff, stubborn, fig. of obstinacy: וַיַּקְשׁוּ אֶת־עָרְפָּם 2 K 17:14 they stiffened their neck, so Je 7:26; 17:23; 19:15; Dt 10:16; 2 Ch 30:8; 36:13; Ne 9:16, 17, 29 Pr 29:1; אַל־תַּקְשׁוּ לְבַבְכֶם ψ 95:8, cf. Pr 28:14; subj. י׳, אַקְשֶׁה אֶת־לֵב פ׳ Ex 7:3 (P), acc. אֶת־רוּחוֹ Dt 2:30. b. shew stubbornness Jb 9:4 (c. אֶל pers. [י׳]).

τῑμάω, Refs 8th c.BC+: future τιμήσω Refs, Doric dialect 3rd.pers. plural τιμᾱσεῦντι Refs 3rd c.BC+: aorist ἐτίμησα Refs 5th c.BC+, Epic dialect τίμησα Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect τετίμηκα Refs 5th c.BC+, Doric dialect τετίμᾱκα Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, future τιμήσομαι always in passive sense, Refs 5th c.BC+, where it is used in a technical sense (see. below Refsaorist ἐτιμησάμην in senses shared by active, Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, future τιμηθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐτιμήθην Refs 5th c.BC+; Lyric poetry 3rd.pers. plural τίμᾱθεν Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect τετίμημαι Refs 8th c.BC+middle in technical sense, see Refs:—honour, revere, reverence (in this sense the middle is used only by Refs 8th c.BC+; of the honour rendered to superiors, as by men to gods, by men to their elders, rulers, or guests, περὶ κῆρι θεὸν ὣς τιμήσαντο LXX+8th c.BC+; conversely of the honour bestowed by gods upon a man, μερμήριζε (i.e. Ζεὺς).., ὡς Ἀχιλῆα τιμήσῃ Refs 8th c.BC+; by a father on his son, Refs 8th c.BC+; by an elder brother, Refs 8th c.BC+, and Attic dialect, ἐξόχως τίμας εν Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸν φίλον τιμῶσιν ἐξ ἴσου πατρί Refs 5th c.BC+ bestow honours, Refs 5th c.BC+: hence simply, reward, Refs 5th c.BC+ (so in passive, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπαινεῖν καὶ τ., τ. καὶ δωρεῖσθαι, δωρεῖσθαί τε καὶ τ., τ. καὶ χαρίζεσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+ will honour him with gifts, Refs 8th c.BC+; τιμᾶν τινα τάφῳ, γόοις, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, mostly in perfect τετίμημαι, which alone is passive in Refs 8th c.BC+, to be honoured, held in honour, Refs 8th c.BC+: with accusative cognate attracted to genitive, ὥς μευ ἀεὶ μέμνησαι ἐνηέος, οὐδέ σε λήθω, τιμῆς ἧς τέ μ᾽ ἔοικε τετιμῆσθαι Refs 8th c.BC+ (= Latin quattuor militiis) Refs 2nd c.AD+; οἱ τετιμηυένοι men of rank, men in office, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ τιμώμενοιRefs 5th c.BC+; τῆς πόλεως τὸ τιμώμενον ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄρχειν the honour enjoyed by the city, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of things, hold in honour or esteem, value, prize, Refs 5th c.BC+; τί τὴν τυραννίδα τιμᾷς ὑπέρφε; Refs 5th c.BC+; νόμους τ. Refs; τὴν εὐσέβειαν, ἀγνωμοσύναν, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 with genitive pretii, estimate or value at a certain price, Refs 5th c.BC+; πλοῖα τετιμημένα χρημάτων Refs 5th c.BC+ that each man should have his property valued (for assessment), Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ τιμηθέν the estimate, Refs 5th c.BC+:—frequently in middle, διακοσίων ταλάντων ἐτιμήσατο <τὰ> αὑτοῦ estimated his property at.. , Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸ παντὸς τιμᾶσθαί τι, like{περὶ παντὸς ποιεῖσθαι} (see. περί Refs 5th c.BC+; πλείονος, μείζονος τιμᾶσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; μίαν ἡδονὴν θανάτου τ. Refs 4th c.BC+: without a genitive, ἐτιμήσαντο τήν τε χώραν καὶ τὰς οἰκίας Refs 2nd c.BC+: simply, value, estimate, ἐν προικί Refs 4th c.BC+; τινα LXX+NT __II.3 rarely, award or give as an honour, Παιάν τέ σοι τιμᾷ φάος Refs 5th c.BC+ __III as Attic dialect lawterm Refs __III.1 in active (later in middle, Refs 3rd c.BC+, of the court, estimate the amount of punishment due to the criminal, award the penalty, τιμάτω τὸ δικαστήριον, ὅ τι ἂν δέῃ πάσχειν.. τὸν ἡττηθέντα Refs 5th c.BC+; ἅπασι τ. τὴν μακράν (i.e. γραμμήν) award them the long line, i.e. sentence of death, Refs 5th c.BC+ I carry penalty in my eyes, am itching for pains and penalties, Refsgive sentence of death against a man, condemn him to death, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. τινὶ δέκα ταλάντων mulct him in ten talents, Refs; τίνος τιμήσειν αὐτῷ προσδοκᾷς τὸ δικαστήριο; at what do you expect the court to fix his penalty? Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἡλιαία τιμάτω περὶ αὐτοῦ ὅτου ἂν δόξῃ ἄξιος εἶναι παθεῖν Legal cited in Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive, τιμᾶσθαι ἀργυρίου to be condemned to a fine, τινος for a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐὰν.. ᾖ τῳ θανάτου τετιμημένον if sentence of death has been passed upon one, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 in middle, of the parties before the court, __III.2.a of the accuser, τιμᾶταί μοι ὁ ἀνὴρ θανάτου (i.e. τὴν δίκην) he estimates the penalty at death (genitive pretii) for me, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2.b of the person accused (compare ἀντιτιμάω, ὑποτιμάω), τιμήσεσθαι τοιούτου τινὸς ἐμαυτῷ estimate the penalty for myself at so high a rate, Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect passive, θανάτου τετιμημένος ἑαυτῷ Refs 4th c.BC+active in this sense. __III.2.c the accusative of δίκη or of the offence is added, πέντε μυριάδων τιμησάμενος τὴν δίκην Refs 1st c.AD+

† [הָדַר] vb. swell (?), honour, adorn, (NH הִדֵּר adorn; Aramaic הַדַּר ܗܰܕܰܪ Pa. adorn, honour; perhaps all denom.; cf. Palm. n.pr.f. הדירת ornata, honorata VogNo. 55; Arabic هَدَرَ be of no account; but also ferbuit (vinum) & أَهْدَرُ inflatus, tumens (venter))— Qal Pf. 2 ms. וְהָדַרְתָּ֫ Lv 19:32; Impf. 2 ms. תֶּהְדַּר Ex 23:3 Lv 19:15; Pt. pass. הָדוּר Is 63:1, pl. הֲדוּרִים Is 45:2 (poss. הררים 𝔊 ὄρη, cf. Di, but v. הר):— 1. swell, only pt. pass. pl. Is 45:2 (si vera l.) in neuter sense, of hills, swelling places, swells of land (made level before Cyrus). 2. honour, pay honour to, sq. acc.; in good sense וְהָדַרְתָּ פְּנֵי זָקֵן Lv 19:32 (H) and thou shalt honour the face of an old man (‖ מִפְּנֵי שֵׂיבָה תָּקוּם); in bad sense (of partiality, favouritism) לֹא תֶהְדַּר פְּנֵי גָדוֹל Lv 19:15 (H) (‖ לֹא תִשָּׂא פְנֵי־דָל); cf. וְדַל לֹא תֶּהְדַּר בְּרִיבוֹ Ex 23:3 (JE; either read גָּדֹל for ודל,—ו not needed at beginning of v.,—so Kn SS al., yet 𝔊 πένητα;—or suppose balancing cl., as Lv 19:15, to have fallen out, cf. Di). 3. adorn, only pt. pass. adorned, made splendid הָדוּר בִּלְבוּשׁוֹ Is 63:1. Niph. Pf. נֶהְדָּ֑רוּ La 5:12 were (not) honoured, subj. פְּנֵי זְקֵנִים. Hithp. Impf. juss. 2 ms. תִּתְהַדַּר Pr 25:6 honour oneself, i.e. claim honour.

βαρέω, Aeolic dialect βορ-, see below, future -ήσωRefs 2nd c.AD+: perfect βεβάρηκα Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, see below:—weigh down, depress, βαρήσει ταῦτα τὸ πορθμεῖον Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὸ ἔθνος ἐβάρει ταῖς εἰσφοραῖς Refs 1st c.AD+ [same place]:—passive, κῆρ.. βόρηται Refs 7th c.BC+; β. τῷ ἐκφορίῳ Refs 2nd c.AD+: with accusative, to be indignant at, αὐτῶν τὴν εὐγένειαν Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 charge an account, Refs 6th c.AD+ __II intransitive in Epic dialect perfect participle βεβαρηώς weighed down, heavy, οῐνῳ βεβαρηότες Refs 8th c.BC+:—later, perfect participle passive βεβαρημένος, μεθυσθεὶς τοῦ νέκταρος β. ηὗδεν Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς β. ὑπ᾽ οἴνουNT+3rd c.BC+; οἷον βεβαρημένος as though pregnant, Refs 3rd c.AD+:—passive, present βαρέεται Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐβαρήθην Refs 1st c.BC+: perfect βεβάρηται Refs

βᾰρύς, εῖα, ύ, poetry genitive plural feminine βαρεῶν uncertain in Refs 4th c.BC+:— heavy in weight, β. ἀείρεσθαι, opposed to κοῦφος, Refs 8th c.BC+ mostly with collateral notion of strength and force, χεῖρα βαρεῖαν Refs 8th c.BC+; of athletes, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ὀφρύς bushy, Refs; but also, heavy with age, infirmity or suffering, νόσῳ Refs 5th c.BC+; pregnant, Refs 4th c.AD+; β. βάσις heavy, slow, Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb κοῦφον βαρέως Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 heavy to bear, grievous, ἄτη, ἔρις, κακότης, Refs 8th c.BC+; βαρὺ or βαρέα στενάχειν sob heavily, Refs 8th c.BC+: in Trag. and Prose, burdensome, grievous, oppressive, β. ξυμφορά, τύχαι, καταλλαγαί, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+causing disgust, Refs 5th c.BC+; unwholesome, χωρίον Refs 5th c.BC+; indigestible, Refs 2nd c.AD+ adverb -έως, φέρειν τι take a thing ill, suffer it impatiently, Refs 5th c.BC+ bear with dignity, Refs 1st c.BC+; β. ἔχειν, with part, Refs 4th c.BC+; τοῖς λογίοις Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative βαρυτέρως τινὶ ἐναντιωθῆναι LXX; βαρέως ἀκούειν hear with disgust, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 violent, ὀργή Refs 5th c.BC+; θυμός Refs 3rd c.BC+ __4 weighty, grave, ἐπιστολαί NT; ample, βαρυτάτην εὐδαιμονίαν τοῖς ἀρχομένοις παρέξειν Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II of persons, severe, stern, β. ἐπιτιμητής Refs 5th c.BC+; wearisome, troublesome, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 overbearing, σεμνότεροι ἢ βαρύτεροι Refs 4th c.BC+; important, powerful, πόλις Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.3 of soldiers, heavy-armed, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the ὁπλίτης Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ β. τῶν ὅπλων Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.4 difficult, ὅρκος γὰρ οὐδεὶς ἀνδρὶ φηλήτῃ β. Refs 5th c.BC+ __III of impressions on the senses, __III.1 of sound, strong, deep, bass, opposed to to ὀξύς, Refs 8th c.BC+; especially of musical pitch, low, opposed to ὀξύς, βαρυτάτη χορδή Refs 5th c.BC+; ἆχος, φωνά, Refs 4th c.BC+ M.; of accent, grave, ἀντὶ ὀξείας τῆς μέσης συλλαβῆς βαρεῖαν ἐφθεγξάμεθα Refs 5th c.BC+ accentus gravis, Refs 2nd c.BC+unaccented, Refs adverb βαρέως with the accent thrown back, Refs 2nd c.AD+ (ου) opposed to οὗ), Refs 4th c.BC+ (but, on a lower note, αὐλεῖν Refs __III.2 of smell, strong, offensive, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.3 adverb βαρέως slowly, ἐπισπᾶσθαι Refs 2nd c.BC+. (guṛr-u- from gu[rmacr]ṛ-u-, Sanskrit gurús 'heavy', Latin gravis (from feminine gur[schwa]wī-), Gothic kaúrus 'heavy'.)

† [עָטַר] vb.denom. crown;— Pi. Pf. 3 fs. ש��ׁעִטְּרָה לוֹ Ct 3:11 with which his mother crowned him (v. i. עֲטָרָה 1); elsewhere fig.: 2 ms. עִטַּרְתָּ שְׁנַת טוֹבָתֶ֑ךָ ψ 65:12 thou (י׳) hast crowned the year of thy goodness; Impf. 2 ms. sf. וְכָבוֹד וְהָדָר תְּעַטְּרֵהוּ 8:6; Pt. sf. הַמְעַטְּרֵכִי חֶסֶד וְרַחֲמִים 103:4 (of י׳). Hiph. Pt. f. צֹר הַמַּעֲטִירָה Is 23:8 usually Tyre the crown-bestower (Ges Ew De CheComm. Di Du GuKau Skinner), but dub.; the crown-wearer Hi Gr (after 𝔖), so Ren CheHpt. (reading הַמְּעֻטָּרָה).

σεβαστός, ή, όν, venerable, reverend, august, πρᾶγμα Refs 1st c.BC+; θεοί, probably of deified Emperors, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II = Latin NT+1st c.BC+; ἐπὶ τοῦ πρώτου Σ. in the time of the first Refs; feminine Σεβαστή, = Refs 1st c.AD+; joined with Αὔγουστος, -ούστη, Refs __II.2 name of month, “Augustus”, in Egyptian calendars,= ThothRefs; in Phrygia and elsewhere, Refs __II.3 σεβαστή, ἡ (i.e. ἡμέρα), the Emperor's day, the day on which his birthday or accession day was celebrated every month, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.4 Σεβαστά, τά,= Σεβαστεῖα Refs 1st c.AD+

στεφᾰν-όω, middle, Syracusan 2nd pers. singular imperative στεφάνουσο Refs 3rd c.BC+:—passive, future -ώσομαιRefs 1st c.AD+; -ωθήσομαι Refs 4th c.BC+ __I used by Refs 8th c.BC+ only in passive, to be put round in a circle or as a rim or border, and hence to be put round, ἣν περὶ μὲν πάντῃ Φόβος ἐστεφάνωται round about the aegis is Terror wreathed, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀμφὶ δέ μιν θυόεν νέφος ἐστεφάνωτο all round about him was a cloud, Refs; νῆσον, τὴν πέρι πόντος ἐστεφάνωται the sea lies round about the island, Refs 8th c.BC+ constellations which heaven has all round it, Refs 8th c.BC+; of a crowd of spectators surrounding a dancing-floor, ἀμφὶ δ᾽ ὅμιλος ἀπείριτος ἐστεφάνωτο Refs; περὶ δ᾽ ὄλβος ἀπείριτος ἐστεφάνωτο around were.. riches in a circle placed, Refs 8th c.BC+: so in later Epic dialect, Refs 3rd c.BC+active, περίτροχον ἐστεφάνωσαν αἱμασιήν made a fence round, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __I.2 to be surrounded, ἐστεφανωμένος τιάραν μυρσίνῃ having his tiara wreathed with myrtle, Refs 5th c.BC+; πεδία ἐστεφάνωται ὄρεσιν are surrounded by.. , Refs 5th c.BC+: so in active, [Βαβυλῶνα] τείχεσιν ἐστεφάνωσεν Refs __II after Refs 8th c.BC+ in active, crown, wreathe, χαίταν Refs 5th c.BC+; Ὀρέστην σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; with genitive, πίτυος Refs 5th c.BC+; of crowning a corpse, Refs 5th c.BC+; ships, Refs 1st c.AD+; of the nuptial crown, LXX; κατηρῶντο τοῖς ἐστεφανωμένοις newly wedded couples, Refs 4th c.AD+; στεφανοῦν εὐαγγέλια crown one for good tidings, Refs 5th c.BC+; στεφανοῦσα, title of a statue by Praxiteles (see. στέφω Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, to be crowned or rewarded with a crown, NT+5th c.BC+:—middle, crown oneself, στεφανωσαμένη δρυῒ καὶ.. σπείραισι δρακόντων Refs 5th c.BC+; στεφανωσάμενος αὐτόν (i.e. τὸν στέφανον) Refs 3rd c.BC+: also absolutely, of one going to sacrifice, Refs 5th c.BC+; at a festival, Refs 5th c.BC+; win a crown, of the victor at the games, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, with double accusative, ἐστεφανώθη Ἐλεύθερος.. Ἁδριάνεια πάλην Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 crown as an honour or reward Refs 4th c.BC+; reward by a gift of money, etc. Refs 4th c.BC+ Gauthier et Sottas Décret trilingue en l' honneur de Ptolémée IV Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II.3 metaphorically, confer glory upon, decorate, honour, τινὰ μολπᾷ Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀπὸ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων τὴν πόλιν (by a victory in the games) Refs 5th c.BC+; [τὸ ῥόδον] ἐγκωμίῳ Refs 1st c.BC+:—passive, σοφίας ἀριστεῖα ἐστεφανοῦτο Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.4 crown or honour with libations, σ. τύμβον αἵματι Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 crown with the badge of office, especially of persons sacrificing, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+; of magistrates in office, ὁ ἐστεφανωμένος ἄρχων Refs 4th c.BC+

καταβᾰρ-έω, weigh down, overload, variant for{καταπονέω} in Refs 2nd c.AD+: metaphorically, impose a burden on, τινας NT+1st c.AD+; τῶν -βαρούντων τὸ σῶμα καμάτων Ps.-Refs 1st c.AD+:—passive, to be overborne, crushed, καταβαρεῖσθαι τῇ μάχῃ Refs 2nd c.BC+; also, to be outweighed, ὑπὸ τοῦ συμφέροντος Refs 2nd c.AD+

εὐσχημ-οσύνη, ἡ, gracefulness, elegance, Refs 5th c.BC+; decorum, Refs 4th c.BC+; refinement, Refs; βίου, ῥημάτων, Refs 5th c.BC+. a spurious respectability, Refs __2 of the body, NT; ἡ τοῦ σώματος εὐ. Refs 1st c.BC+ __II proper treatment, adequate maintenance, Refs

† מַעֲמָסָה n.f. load, burden;—אֶבֶן מ׳ Zc 12:3 a stone of burden = heavy stone, hard to lift.