Joy and Exultation

† [יָטַב] vb. be good, well, glad, pleasing (Aramaic יְטַב; Zinj. יטב DHMSendsch. 57)— Qal (Pf. not in use, v. טוֹב vb.) Impf. יִיטַב Gn 12:13 + 34 times, יִטַב 1 S 24:5 + 3 times; תִּיטַב Est 2:4 + 2 times; תֵּיטְבִי (incorrect for תִּיטְבִי Ges§ 70 R) Na 3:8; pl. יִיטְבוּ Gn 34:18; for Inf. and Pt. v. טוֹב" dir="rtl" >טוֹב.— 1. be glad, joyful, לֵב Ju 18:20; 19:6, 9 1 K 21:7 Ru 3:7 Ec 7:3. 2. be well placed, הֲתֵיטְבִי מִנֹּא אָמוֹן Na 3:8 art thou better placed than No of Amon? 3. impers. c. לְ, be well for or with, go well with Gn 12:13 (J), 40:14 (E), Dt 4:40; 5:16, 26; 6:3, 18; 12:25, 28; 22:7 2 K 25:24 Ru 3:1 Je 7:23; 38:20; 40:9; 42:6. 4. be pleasing בְּעֵינֵי Gn 34:18 (J), 41:37; 45:16 (E), Dt 1:23 Lv 10:19, 20 Jos 22:30, 33 (P), 1 S 18:5; 24:5 2 S 3:36; 18:4 1 K 3:10 Est 1:21; 2:4(×2), 9; c. לְ, be pleasing to, ψ 69:32; c. לִפְנֵי (late) Ne 2:5, 6 Est 5:14. Hiph. Pf. הֵיטִיב Gn 12:16 Jos 24:20; הֵיטִב 1 S 25:31; sf. הֵיטִֽבְךָ Dt 30:5; הֵיטַבְתָּ Je 1:12; הֵיטַבְתְּ Ru 3:10, etc.; וְהֵטִֽבֹתִ֫י Ez 36:11 (for הֵיטַבְתִּי as if from טוב Ges§ 70 R); Impf. יֵיטִיב Nu 10:32 + 3 times; יֵיטִב Pr 15:13 + 2 times; יְיֵטִיב Jb 24:21 (Ges§ 70 R); יֵיטֵיב 1 K 1:47 (Ges§ 70 R); וַיִּ֫יטֶב Ex 1:20; sf. וִיטִיבְךָ Ec 11:9, etc.; Imv. הֵיטִ֫יבָה ψ 51:20; הֵיטִ֫יבִי Is 23:16, etc.; Inf. abs. הֵיטֵיב Je 7:5; 10:5; הֵיטֵב Gn 32:13 + 10 times; Inf. cstr. הֵיטִיב Lv 5:4 + 7 times; הֵטִיב Je 32:41; sf. הֵיטִיבִי Je 32:40, etc.; Pt. מֵיטִיב 1 S 16:17; מֵטִיב ψ 119:68; מֵטִב Ez 33:32, etc.;— 1. make glad, rejoice לֵב Ju 19:22; פנים Pr 15:13; the person Ec 11:9. 2. do good to, deal well with, a person, usually c. prep.: c. לִ, Ex 1:20 Jos 24:20 (both E), Gn 12:16 Nu 10:29, 32 (all J), Ju 17:13 1 S 25:31 ψ 49:19; 125:4; c. עִם, Gn 32:10, 13(×2) Nu 10:32 (all J), Mi 2:7; c. acc. Dt 8:16; 28:63; 30:5 1 S 2:32 Je 18:10; 32:40, 41 Zc 8:15 Jb 24:21 ψ 51:20; c. מן Ez 36:11; opp. הֵרַע (in prov. phr., cannot do good or ill, = cannot do anything at all; test of deity) Zp 1:12 Is 41:23 Je 10:5. 3. do well or thoroughly: הֵטִיבוּ (כל)אשׁר דבּרוּ they have done well (all) that they have spoken Dt 5:25; 18:17; על הרע כפים להיטיב Mi 7:3 their hands are upon the evil to do it well, i.e. diligently, thoroughly, lit. make (it) good, with play on הרע; especially as auxil. sq. inf.; היט׳ דעת Pr 15:2 = know well; לראות Je 1:12 see well; (לְ)נַגֵּן play well, skilfully 1 S 16:17 Is 23:16 Ez 33:32 ψ 33:3; pt. cstr. sq. subst. מֵטִבֵי צָ֑עַד Pr 30:29 marching well, in a stately manner, so מֵיטִבֵי לֶכֶת v 29; inf. abs. הֵיטֵיב as adv. = thoroughly, c. vbs.: טחן Dt 9:21, שׁאל 13:15, דרשׁ 17:4; 19:18, באר 27:8, שׁבּר 2 K 11:18. 4. make a thing good, right, beautiful: c. acc. rei: the head 2 K 9:30; dress, trim: a lamp Ex 30:7 (P); מַצֵּבוֹת Ho 10:1; גֵּהָה Pr 17:22 a glad heart maketh a good cure; sq. מִן compar., obj. שֵׁם 1 K 1:47 (= make it more glorious than); חֶסֶד Ru 3:10; sq. דֶּרֶךְ = course of life or action Je 2:33 (in order to win love); amend one’s ways and doings Je 7:3; 18:11; 26:13; 35:15; הֵיטֵיב תֵּיטִיבוּ את־ד׳ 7:5. 5. do well, right, ethically, abs.: a. of men, Gn 4:7(×2) (J), Lv 5:4 (P), ψ 36:4 Is 1:17 Je 4:22; 13:23. b. of God, טוֹב מֵטִיב good and doing good ψ 119:68; so inf. abs. as adv. הַהֵיטֵב חָרָה לך Jon 4:4, 9 art thou rightly angry? sq. לי v 9. In כִּי־יֵיטִב אֶל־אָבִי 1 S 20:13 vb. is appar. intrans., = Qal, if it be pleasing unto my father, but Hiph. not elsewhere in this sense; point rather יִיטַב; on this and on foll. אֶת־ v. We Dr.

שִׂמְחָה93 n.f. joy, gladness, mirth;—abs. שׂ׳ Gn 31:37 +, cstr. שִׂמְחַת Is 9:2 +; sf. שִׂמְחָתִי ψ 137:6, etc.; pl. שְׂמָחוֹת ψ 16:11, -ת֗ 45:16;— 1. mirth, gladness, e.g. in festivity, Gn 31:27 (E), ψ 137:3, 6, 1 K 1:40; 1 S 18:6; Is 9:2(×2); 16:10 ψ 45:16; יוֹם מִשְׁתֶּה וְשׂ׳ Est 9:17, 18, 22 cf. (יוֹם om.) v 19 (+ יוֹם טוֹב), v 22 (‖ יוֹם טוֹב), + 5 times, + קוֹל שׂ׳ Je 7:34 = 16:9 = 25:10 = 33:11; joy of heart Pr 14:10, 13; Ec 5:19; Ct 3:11, cf. (of inward joy) Jon 4:6; Pr 15:23; 21:15; = gaiety, pleasure Is 22:13; Ec 2:1, 2, 10; 8:15; 9:7, בֵּית שׂ׳ 7:4; שׂ׳ חָנֵף Jb 20:5, of foolish Pr 15:21; 21:17; malicious joy Ez 35:15 (ל rei), so שׂ׳ כָּל־לֵבָב 36:5. 2. 46 (especially ψψ Chr) religious: 2 S 6:12 ‖ 1 Ch 15:16, 25; Jo 1:16 +; יוֹם שׂ׳ Nu 10:10 (P); עָשָׂה שׂ׳ i.e. make a (sacred) festivity 2 Ch 30:23; Ne 8:12; 12:27; שִׂמְחַת עוֹלָם Is 35:10 = 51:11; 61:7; שׂ׳ c. עַל pers. Ne 12:44; joy of heart Is 30:29; Je 15:16; as gift of י׳ ψ 4:8; 21:7 + 7 times + (in mockery) Is 66:5. †3. joy of י׳ Zp 3:17. †4. glad result, happy issue ψ 106:5 (‖ טוֹבָה), Pr 10:28; 12:20 (Gr. אֱמֻנָה, Toy מִשְׁפָּט; opp. מִרְמָה).

† [שִׁיר86] vb. sing (denom. according to NöZMG xxxvii (1883), 537 Gerb172, but, if so, an old one);— Qal49 Pf. 3 ms. שָׁר ψ 7:1; Impf. 3 ms. יָשִׁיר Ex 15:1 Nu 21:17 (read יָשִׁר Jb 33:27 for יָשׁר, √ II. שׁוּר, so SS Bu Gerb; in this sense also Ew De Di RV and all mod.); 3 fs. וַתָּ֫שַׁר Ju 5:1, etc.; Imv. mpl. שִׁירוּ Ex 15:21 +; Inf. cstr. לָשׁוּר 1 S 18:6 Kt (לָשִׁיר, so Bu; 𝔊B om., cf. Dr KitKau HPS Now); Pt. שָׁר Pr 25:20; pl. שָׁרִים 2 S 19:36 +; f. שָׁרוֹת 2 S 19:36 + 2 times + Am 8:3 (read for שִׁירוֹת; v. שִׁירָה);—sing, c. acc. שִׁיר Is 42:10 ψ 33:3 + 5 times; שִׁירָה Ex 15:1; Nu 21:17 (E) Is 5:1; שׁ׳ בשׁרים Pr 25:20; מִשִּׁיר צִיּוֹן ψ 137:3; שׁגיון 7:1 (𝔊 מזמור), תהלה 106:12; c. acc. of theme 59:17; 89:2; abs. Ju 5:1; 1 S 18:6; c. לְ ψ 13:6; 96:1, 2 = 1 Ch 16:23, Ex 15:1, 21; Je 20:13; ‖ זמּר ψ 68:5, 33; 101:1; 104:33; 105:2 = 1 Ch 16:9; Ju 5:3; + זמּר abs. ψ 57:8 = 108:2; c. acc. theme 21:14; c. לְ pers. 27:6; of nature 65:14 (after הַתְרוֹעֵעַ); על אנשׁים Jb 33:27 (v. supra); pt. שָׁרִים singers 2 S 19:36 1 K 10:12 + 6 times (Ez 40:44 read שְׁתַּיִם 𝔊 Hi Co mod.); שָׁרוֹת songstresses 2 S 19:36; 2 Ch 35:25; Ec 2:8 + Am 8:3 (v. supra).—ψ 138:5 read וְיָשִׂיחוּ. Pōʿl.36 Pf. 3 mpl. שֹׁרְרוּ Jb 36:24; Impf. 3 ms. יְשׁוֹרֵר Zp 2:14; Pt. מְשׁוֹרֵר 1 Ch 6:18; 2 Ch 29:28; pl. מְשֹׁרְרִים Ezr 2:65 +, etc.;—sing: birds Zp 2:14; men Jb 36:24; elsewhere pt. of Levitical singers 1 Ch 6:18; 9:33 + 31 times, + fpl. Ezr 2:65 songstresses = Ne 7:67. †Hoph. be sung: Impf. יוּשַׁר הַשִׁיר הַזֶּה Is 26:1.

χᾰρά, ἡ: (χαίρω):— joy, delight, first in Refs 7th c.BC+ of a hungry man, Refs 4th c.BC+; with genitive objecti, joy in or at a thing, μελέων Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸς χαρὰν λόγων in accordance with joyous tidings, Refs 5th c.BC+; κέρτομος θεοῦ χ. a joy sent by some mocking god, Refs 5th c.BC+; λέγεις μοι χαράν wishest me joy, NT+5th c.BC+with joy, LXX+5th c.BC+; χαρᾶς ὕπο Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to λύπη, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II in concrete sense, a joy, of persons, χ. μου NT

† [רָנַן] vb. give a ringing cry (onomatop.? cf. Arabic رَنَّ cry aloud, also twang (of bowstring); NH Pi. murmur, complain, cf. J.Aram (not 𝔗));— Qal Impf. 3 ms. יָרוּן (Ges§ 67 q) Pr 29:6 (but read perhaps יָרוּץ, Pinsk Toy, v. רוּץ 2); 3 fs. תָּרֹן Is 35:6; 3 mpl. יָרֹ֫נּוּ 24:14 +, וַיָּר׳ Lv 9:24; 3 fpl. תָּדֹ֫נָּה Pr 1:20; 8:3; Imv. fs. רָנִּי Is 54:1 +, רֹ֫נִּי 12:6; mpl. רָנּוּ Je 31:7 +; Inf. cstr. בְּרָן־ Jb 38:7;—give a ringing cry: 1. in joy, exultation, ‖ צָהַל Je 31:7 (ר׳ שׂמְחָה), Is 12:6; 24:14 (‖ נָשָׂא קוֹל), 54:1 (+ פָּצַח רִנָּה); ‖ הֵרִיעַ Zp 3:14 (+ שׂמח, עלז), Is 44:23; Jb 38:7; ‖ שָׂמַח Zc 2:14 ψ 35:27 Pr 29:6 (v. supr.); ‖ גִּיל Is 49:13 (+ הֵרִים רִנָּה), ‖ צָוַח 42:11; opp. צָעַק (cry in distress) 65:14 (מִן of cause); Lv 9:24; Is 35:6 (subj. לָשׁוֹן).—Is 61:7 is corrupt; read perhaps וָרֹק and spitting, Klo CheHpt. 2. in distress, La 2:19. 3. cry aloud, in summons, exhortation (of wisdom) Pr 1:20 (‖ נָתַן קוֹל). 8:3. Pi. Pf. 3 pl. consec. וְרִנְּנוּ Je 31:12; 51:48; Impf. 3 fs. תְּרַנֵּן ψ 51:16, 3 mpl. יְרַנְּנוּ 84:3 +, יְרַנֵּנ֑וּ 5:12 +; 3 fpl. תְּרַנֵּ֫נָּה 71:23 (van d. H. תְּרַנֵּנָה), etc.; Imv. mpl. רַנְּנוּ Is 52:9 +; Inf. abs. רַנֵּן ψ 132:16, cstr. id. Is 35:2;—give a ringing cry, in joy, exultation, especially in praise to י׳, Je 31:12; 51:48; Is 26:19; 35:2 (+ גִּילַת, v. גִּילַה), 52:8 (‖ נָשָׂא קוֹל), v 9 (+ פָּצַח); elsewhere only ψψ: ψ 5:12 (‖ שָׂמַח, עָלַץ), 67:5; 90:14; 95:5 (c. ב rei; all ‖ ש׳ alone); 149:5 (‖ עָלַז); 98:4 (‖ הֵרִיעַ; + פָּצַח, זִמֵּר), 132:9; 145:7, רַנֵּן יְרַנֵּנ֑וּ 132:16; c. acc. of theme 51:16; 59:17 (‖ שִׁיר); בי׳ 33:1; ב rei 20:6; 63:8; 89:13; c. לי׳ 95:1 (‖ הֵרִיעַ), אֶל־אֵל 84:3, (מִ)לפני י׳ 96:12 (‖ עָלַז) = 1 Ch 16:33 (‖ עָלַץ), ψ 98:8; subj. שְׂפָתַיִם 71:23 (‖ זִמֵּר). Pu. Impf. 3 ms. impers. לֹא יְרֻנָּן Is 16:10 no ringing cry shall be given (‖ יְרֹעָ֑ע). Hiph. Impf. cause to ring out for joy, 1 s. לֵב אַלְמָנָה אַרְנִן Jb 29:13; 2 ms. מוֹצָאֵי בֹקֶר וָעֶרֶב תַּרְנִין ψ 65:9; Imv. mpl. הַרְנִינוּ ring out a cry of Joy ψ 32:11 (‖ שׂמח, גיל), לי׳ 81:2 (‖ הריע); c. acc. of theme, עַמּוֹ Dt 32:43 (v. Dr; cf. Pi.).—Hithpō. ψ 78:65 v. רוּן" dir="rtl" >רון.

† [רוּעַ] vb. Hiph.40 1. raise a shout. 2. give a blast with clarion or horn (NH id., Hiph.; Thes cp. Arabic رَغَا utter a grumbling cry);—Pf. 3 mpl. הֵרִיעוּ Ju 15:14; Ezr 3:11, הֵרֵעוּ 1 S 17:20, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָרִיעַ Is 42:13 ψ 41:12, וַיָ֫רַע Jos 6:20, etc.; Imv. fs. הָרִיעִי Zc 9:9; mpl. הָרִיעוּ Jos 6:10 +; Inf. cstr. הָרִיעַ 2 Ch 13:12, 15; Pt. pl. מְרִיעִים Ezr 3:13;— 1. shout a war-cry, or alarm of battle, Jos 6:10(×3), 16, 20 Ju 7:21; 1 S 17:52; Is 42:13; 2 Ch 13:15(×2); הריע תְּרוּעָה Jos 6:5, 20; לקראת Ju 15:14; בַּמִּלְחָמָה 1 S 17:20. 2. sound a signal for war or march: c. חֲצֹצְרוֹת Nu 10:7, 9 (P); ‖ תקע שׁוֹפָר Ho 5:8, cf. Jo 2:1; c. על against 2 Ch 13:12; so also prob. Jb 30:5 (against a thief). 3. shout in triumph over enemies: c. עַל, Je 50:15 ψ 41:12; abs. Zp 3:14 (‖ רנן). 4. shout in applause: abs. 1 S 10:24; Zc 9:9, cf. (of angels) Jb 38:7. 5. shout with religious impulse: הר׳ תְּרוּעָה 1 S 4:5; Ezr 3:11, 13; so in public worship with music and sacrifice, c. לְ, to God ψ 47:2; 66:1; 81:2; 95:1, 2; 98:4; 100:1, לפני 98:6; in joy, תַּחְתִּיּוֹת אֶרֶץ Is 44:23 (‖ רָנּוּ שָׁמַיִם). 6. cry out in distress, Is 15:4 (but Du Bu יָֽרְעוּ tremble); לָמָּה תָרִיעִי רֵ֑עַ Mi 4:9 (of Zion under fig. of woman, but perhaps read למה תָּרוֹעִי רֹעַ why art thou broken all to pieces? as Pr 11:15). Pōʿlal. Impf. 3 ms. impers. לאֹ יְרֹעָ֑ע Is 16:10 a shout shall not be uttered (of joy in harvest; ‖ יְרֻנָּ֖ן). Hithpōʿl Impf. 1 s. אֶתְרוֹעָ֑ע ψ 108:10; 3 mpl. יִתְרוֹעֲעוּ 65:14; Imv. fs. הִתְרוֹעָ֑עִי 60:10;— 1. shout in triumph: c. על ψ 60:10 (subj. Phil.; iron.) ‖ 108:10 (subj. י׳). 2. shout for joy, ψ 65:14 (meadows, valleys; ‖ שׁיר).

† תְּרוּעָה n.f. shout or blast of war, alarm, or joy;—ת׳ Lv 23:24 +; cstr. תְּרוּעַת Je 4:19 +;— 1. alarm of war, war-cry, Jos 6:5, 20; Je 20:16; Ez 21:27; Am 1:14; 2:2; Zp 1:16; Jb 39:25; ת׳ מִלְחָמָה Je 4:19; 49:2; ת׳ מֶלֶךְ battle-cry of kingNu 23:21 (poem in JE). 2. blast for march: תקע ת׳ Nu 10:5, 6(×2) (P; with חֲצֹצְרוֹת; hence) חֲצֹצְרוֹת הַתּ׳ Nu 31:6 (P) 2 Ch 13:12; on day of atonement שׁוֹפַר ת׳ Lv 25:9 (H); 1st of mo. זִכְרוֹן ת׳ 23:24 (P; בַּחֹדֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִי בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ), יוֹם תֹ Nu 29:1 (P); gen. ��ִלְצְלֵי ת׳ ψ 150:5. 3. shout of joy with religious impulse, 1 S 4:5, 6(×2); 2 S 6:15 = 1 Ch 15:28; 2 Ch 15:14; Ezr 3:11, 12, 13; קוֹל ת׳ הַשִּׂמְחָה Ezr 3:13; in public worship gen. Jb 33:26; especially + musical service ψ 33:3; 47:6; זִבְחֵי ת׳ 27:6, יֹדְעֵי ת׳ 89:16. 4. shout of joy, in gen. Jb 8:21 (‖שְׂחוֹק).

† I. רִנָּה n.f. ringing cry;—abs. ר׳ Je 7:16 +; sf. רִנָּתִי ψ 17:1 +, רִנָּתָם Je 14:12 +;—ringing cry: 1. in entreaty, supplication, to י׳, 1 K 8:28 = 2 Ch 6:19; Je 7:16; 11:14 ψ 17:1; 61:2; 88:3 (all + תְּפִלָּה), 106:44; 119:169; 142:7; Je 14:12. 2. in proclamation 1 K 22:36. 3. in joy, especially praise to י׳, + שִׂמְחָה Is 35:10; 51:11 (+ שָׂשׂוֹן); + תְּהִלָּה 2 Ch 20:22, + שָׂשׂוֹן ψ 105:43, + תּוֹדָה 107:22, + עלץ Pr 11:10; ‖ שְׂהוֹק ψ 126:2; opp. בְּכִי, etc. 30:6; 126:6, cf. v 5; קוֹל ר׳ Is 48:20 ψ 42:5 (+ תּוֹדָה), 47:2; 118:15 (+ יְשׁוּעָה); פָּצַח ר׳ Is 14:7; 44:23; 49:13; 54:1; 55:12; of י׳’s joy over Zion Zp 3:17;—בָּאֳנִיּוֹת רִנָּתָם Is 43:14 in the ships of their ringing cry, in which they exulted, but dub.; Hi Ew בַּאֲנִיּוֹת (bring down) into mourning their ר׳; cf. Kit-Di Du CheHpt. Marti.

† שָׂשׂוֹן n.m. Is 51:3 exultation, rejoicing;—abs. שׂ׳ ψ 45:8 +, שָׂשׂן Est 8:16; cstr. שְׂשׂוֹן (Sta § 296 e) ψ 51:14; 119:111;—exultation, joy (especially in י׳’s favour), Jo 1:12; Is 12:3 ψ 51:14; 105:43; 119:111; שֶׁמֶן שׂ׳ (i.e. with which guests were anointed; fig.) ψ 45:8; Is 61:3 (opp. אֵבֶל); שֵׁם שׂ׳ Je 33:9 (‖ תְּהִלָּה; on text v. Gie AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 115); elsewhere ‖ שִׂמְחָה: Je 7:34; 15:16; 16:9; 25:10; 33:11; Is 22:13 (only here condemned as reckless, wanton), 35:10; 51:3, 11 Zc 8:19 ψ 51:10; Est 8:16, 17; ‖ שָׂמַח Je 31:13 (opp. אֵבֶל).

† מָשׂוֹשׂ n.m. Is 24:8 id.;—abs. מ׳ Is 32:13 +, cstr. מְשׂוֹשׂ Jb 8:19 +; sf. מְשׂוֹשִׂי Je 49:25, מְשׂוֹשָׂהּ Ho 2:13;—exultation, in gen., La 5:15 (opp. אֵבֶל), Is 24:11; 66:10 (acc. cogn.); of bridegroom 62:5; מ׳ תֻּפִּים 24:8, מ׳ כִּנּוֹר v 8; בָּתֵּי מ׳ 32:13; of Jerus. (as causing joy) 60:15 ψ 48:3; La 2:15, cf. Je 49:25 (קִרְיַת מְשׂוֹשִׂי; ‖ תְּהִלָּה), Is 65:18 (‖ גִּילָה); מ׳ דַּרְכּוֹ (of godless man) Jb 8:19; מ׳ פְּרָאִים Is 32:14, i.e. desert.—מ׳ Is 8:6, si vera l., is cstr. before prep., but (מִפְּנֵי) מָסוֹס, Hi Gie Che Du Kit Marti al.

† [שַׁעֲשֻׁעִים] -שׁוּעִים n.[m.]pl. intens. delight (BaNB 206);—abs. -שׁוּעִים Je 31:20 Pr 8:30; sf. -שׁוּעָיו Is 5:7, usually -שֻׁעַי Pr 8:31 ψ 119:24, -שֻׁעָ֑י v 77 + 3 times;—delight, in phr. נְטַע שׁ׳ Is 5:7 the planting of his delight (in which he took delight), so יֶלֶד שׁ׳ Je 31:20 (‖ בֵּן יַקִּיר); שׁ׳ אֶת־ Pr 8:31 my delight (was) with the sons of men; elsewhere = object of delight, of wisdom v 30; God’s law, etc., ψ 119:24, 77, 92, 143, 174.

† I. גִּיל n.[m.] rejoicing—Jb 3:22 + 6times, גִּו֯ל Pr 23:24; sf. גִּילִי ψ 43:4;—rejoicing ψ 65:13 Pr 23:24; ‖ שׂמחה ψ 45:16 Is 16:10 Je 48:33 Jo 1:16, שִׂמְחַת גִילִי ψ 43:4, שׂמח אל גיל glad unto rejoicing Ho 9:1 Jb 3:22.

† I. [צָהַל] vb. neigh, cry shrilly (Arabic صَهَلَ neigh, Syriac ܨܗܰܠ id.; 𝔗 Est 8:15 = BH);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. צָֽהֲלָה Est 8:15; 3 pl. צָֽהֲלוּ Is 24:14; Impf. 3 mpl. יִצְהָ֑לוּ Je 5:8; 2 fs. תצהלי 50:11 Kt, Qr 2 mpl. תִּצְהֲלוּ and so Vrss; Imv. fs. צַהֲלִי Is 10:30 +; mpl. צַהֲלוּ Je 31:7;— 1. neigh, of men under fig. of stallions; c. אֶל unto (in desire) Je 5:8, of profligate Judaeans; abs. 50:11 of arrogant Chaldeans. 2. cry shrilly, in distress Is 10:30 (c. adv. acc. קוֹלֵךְ); usually joy, praise (‖ רָנַן) 12:6; 54:1, c. ב at, over, Je 31:7; Is 24:14; + שָׂמֵ֑חָה Est 8:15.

הֵידָד n.m. Is 16:9 shout, shouting, cheer (of a multitude; on formation compare Ol§ 181 a Sta§ 218 b);—ה׳ only abs., Is 16:9 + 6 times Is & Je;— 1. shouting in harvest Is 16:10, Je 48:33(×3) where לֹא יִדְרֹךְ הֵידָד הֵידָד לֹא הֵידָד, i.e. the shouting is no vineyard-shouting, but that of the foe, cf. infr.; comp. 25:30 י׳ shall utter (עָנָה) a shout like the (grape-) treaders (sq. אֶל כָּל־ישְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ). Hence also 2. shout of the foe Is 16:9 (נָפַל עַל), Je 51:14 (וְעָנוּ עָלַיִךְ הֵידָד); cf. 25:30; 48:33 supr.

ἀγαλλί-ᾱσις, εως, ἡ, great joy, exultation, LXX+NT+3rd c.AD+

† תַּעֲנוּג n.[m.] daintiness, luxury, exquisite delight;— 1. luxury: ת׳ Pr 19:10; elsewhere pl.; cstr. תַּעֲנֻגוֹת Ec 2:8. 2. sf. בְּנֵי תַּעֲנוּגָ֑יִךְ Mi 1:16 thy dainty sons; בֵּית תַּעֲנֻגֶיהָ 2:9 her (their) dainty house(s), > of tender love (reading בְּנֵי 2:9) We Now. 3. delight of love, pl. abs. בַּתַּעֲנוּגִים Ct 7:7 (PerlesAnal. 22 f. conj. בַּת עַמִּינָדָב).

† [בָּלַג] vb. gleam, smile (Arabic بَلِجَ )—only Hiph. Impf. 1 s. c. וְ subord. וְאַבְלִ֫יגָה Jb 9:27 + 2 times; Pt. מַבְלִיג Am 5:9;— 1. shew a smile, look cheerful ψ 39:14 Jb 9:27; 10:20. 2. cause to burst or flash המב׳ שֹׁד על־עָ֑ז Am 5:9 (cf. Ew St).

† רְנָנָה n.f. id.;—ר׳ abs., of joy Jb 3:7 ψ 100:3 (‖ שִׂמְחָה); pl. שִׂפְתֵי רְנָנוֹת 63:6; exultation, sg. cstr. רִמְנַת רְשָׁעִים Jb 20:5 (‖ שִׂמְחָה).

Included with: ἡδύς, ἡδεῖα, ἡδύ, ἡδὺς ἀϋτμή (as feminine) once in Refs 8th c.BC+: Doric dialect ἁδύς [ᾱ], Boeotian dialect neuter ϝαδού (written γάδου) conjecture in Refs 6th c.BC+ (compare proper name ϝαδιούλογος Refs, Elean βᾱδύς (which see): irregular accusative ἁδέα for ἡδύν Refs 3rd c.BC+, superlative ἥδιστος Refs 8th c.BC+; ἡδύτατοςRefs 1st c.AD+ __I pleasant to the taste, adverb (see. above),compare ἥδομαι. [ἥδῐον Refs 5th c.BC+ (Sanskrit svādús, Latin suāvis.)

† I. [עֵ֫דֶן] n.[m.] luxury, dainty, delight;—pl. abs. עֲדָנִים luxuries 2 S 1:24 si vera l. (read perhaps סְדִינִים [v. סָדִין] Klo Gr HPS); pl. sf. Je 51:34 he hath filled his belly מֵעֲדָנָ֑י from my dainties (fig. of Nebuchad.’s plunder; Gie reads מַעֲדַנָּי֑); 𝔗 Gf Rothst join with foll.: from my dainties hath he thrust me forth; fig. of delights of worshipping י׳, נַחַל עֲדָנֶיךָ ψ 36:9 (‖ דֶּשֶׁן בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ).

εὐφροσύνη, Epic dialect ἐϋφρ-, ἡ, (εὔφρων) mirth, merriment, γέλω τε καὶ εὐφροσύνην παρέχουσαι Refs 8th c.BC+; especially of a banquet, good cheer, festivily, οὐ.. τί φημι χαριέστερον εἶναι ἢ ὅτ᾽ ἐϋφροσύνη μὲν ἔχῃ κατὰ δῆμον ἅπαντα κτλRefs 6th c.BC+ is cheered with glad thoughts, Refs 8th c.BC+; festivities, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ χαρὰ καὶ ἡ εὐ. Refs 4th c.BC+: also in later Prose, LXX+NT+4th c.BC+; εὐ. ψυχῆς οἶνος πινόμενος LXX __II proper name, Refs, one of the Graces, Refs 8th c.BC+

Included with: ἡδύς, ἡδεῖα, ἡδύ, ἡδὺς ἀϋτμή (as feminine) once in Refs 8th c.BC+: Doric dialect ἁδύς [ᾱ], Boeotian dialect neuter ϝαδού (written γάδου) conjecture in Refs 6th c.BC+ (compare proper name ϝαδιούλογος Refs, Elean βᾱδύς (which see): irregular accusative ἁδέα for ἡδύν Refs 3rd c.BC+, superlative ἥδιστος Refs 8th c.BC+; ἡδύτατοςRefs 1st c.AD+ __I pleasant to the taste, adverb (see. above),compare ἥδομαι. [ἥδῐον Refs 5th c.BC+ (Sanskrit svādús, Latin suāvis.)

† גִּילָה n.f. rejoicing Is 65:18, גִּילַת וְרַנֵּן Is 35:2 (nom. verbal. for Inf. abs. cf. De Di; cstr. before וְ Ges§ 130. 2; but read prob. גִּילָה); הַגִּילָה read Is 9:2 for הַגּוֹי לֹא by Krochm Che RS Di.

† חֶדְוָה n.f. (late) joy (Aramaic חדוא).—ח׳ 1 Ch 16:27 (in the sanctuary); חֶדְוַת י׳ Ne 8:10 (‖ אַל־תֵּעָצֵ֑בוּ).

† עֹ֫נֶג n.[m.] daintiness, exquisite delight;—הֵיכְלֵי ע׳ Is 13:22; וְקָרָאתָ לַשַּׁבָּת ע׳ 58:13.

Included with: ἄσμενος, η, ον, well-pleased, glad, always with a Verb, φύγεν ἄ. ἐκ θανάτοιο he was glad to have escaped death, Refs 8th c.BC+: frequently in Trag. and Attic dialect, ἄσμενος δὲ τἂν.. κάμψειεν γόνυRefs 5th c.BC+ glad would it make me ! Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀσμένῳ δέ σοι.. νὺξ ἀποκρύψει φάος glad wilt thou be when night shuts out the light, Refs 5th c.BC+ adverb ἀσμένως gladly, readily, Refs 4th c.BC+ (this adverb, which is common in later Greek, NT, has sometimes been substituted for the adjective, as in Refs 5th c.BC+

ἱλᾰρότης [ῐ], ητος, ἡ, cheerfulness, gaiety, LXX+1st c.BC+

† [א֫שֶׁר] n.[m.] happiness, only sf. בְּאָשְׁרִי in my happiness Gn 30:13 (J).

† הֵד n.[m.] id., only Ez 7:7 הֵד הָרִים shout on mountains (opp. מְהוּמָה noise of battle).

† חֶדְוָה n.f. joy (𝔗 Syriac; v. BH II. חדה);—abs. בְּח׳ Ezr 6:16 with joy.

† [מַבְלִיגִית] n.f. smiling, cheerfulness, source of brightening—מַבְלִיגִיתִי עֲלֵי יָגוֹן Je 8:18 a source of brightening to me in sorrow; but text dub. cf. VB Che.

† עָלֵז adj. exultant, jubilant; as n. Is 5:14.

† [עֲלִיצוּת] n.f. exultation;—sf. עֲלִיצֻתָם כְּמוֹ לֶאֱכֹל עָנִי Hb 3:14 their exultation was as it were to devour the poor.

† [צָוַח] vb. cry aloud (NH id.; so Assyrian ṣâḫu (?) Arabic (صيح), صَاحَ, Aramaic צְוַח, ܨܘܰܚ; Ethiopic ጸውዐ call);— Qal Impf. 3 mpl. יִצְוָ֑חוּ Is 42:11 (in joy, ‖ יָ֫רֹנּוּ).

† [רָנַן] vb. give a ringing cry (onomatop.? cf. Arabic رَنَّ cry aloud, also twang (of bowstring); NH Pi. murmur, complain, cf. J.Aram (not 𝔗));— Qal Impf. 3 ms. יָרוּן (Ges§ 67 q) Pr 29:6 (but read perhaps יָרוּץ, Pinsk Toy, v. רוּץ 2); 3 fs. תָּרֹן Is 35:6; 3 mpl. יָרֹ֫נּוּ 24:14 +, וַיָּר׳ Lv 9:24; 3 fpl. תָּדֹ֫נָּה Pr 1:20; 8:3; Imv. fs. רָנִּי Is 54:1 +, רֹ֫נִּי 12:6; mpl. רָנּוּ Je 31:7 +; Inf. cstr. בְּרָן־ Jb 38:7;—give a ringing cry: 1. in joy, exultation, ‖ צָהַל Je 31:7 (ר׳ שׂמְחָה), Is 12:6; 24:14 (‖ נָשָׂא קוֹל), 54:1 (+ פָּצַח רִנָּה); ‖ הֵרִיעַ Zp 3:14 (+ שׂמח, עלז), Is 44:23; Jb 38:7; ‖ שָׂמַח Zc 2:14 ψ 35:27 Pr 29:6 (v. supr.); ‖ גִּיל Is 49:13 (+ הֵרִים רִנָּה), ‖ צָוַח 42:11; opp. צָעַק (cry in distress) 65:14 (מִן of cause); Lv 9:24; Is 35:6 (subj. לָשׁוֹן).—Is 61:7 is corrupt; read perhaps וָרֹק and spitting, Klo CheHpt. 2. in distress, La 2:19. 3. cry aloud, in summons, exhortation (of wisdom) Pr 1:20 (‖ נָתַן קוֹל). 8:3. Pi. Pf. 3 pl. consec. וְרִנְּנוּ Je 31:12; 51:48; Impf. 3 fs. תְּרַנֵּן ψ 51:16, 3 mpl. יְרַנְּנוּ 84:3 +, יְרַנֵּנ֑וּ 5:12 +; 3 fpl. תְּרַנֵּ֫נָּה 71:23 (van d. H. תְּרַנֵּנָה), etc.; Imv. mpl. רַנְּנוּ Is 52:9 +; Inf. abs. רַנֵּן ψ 132:16, cstr. id. Is 35:2;—give a ringing cry, in joy, exultation, especially in praise to י׳, Je 31:12; 51:48; Is 26:19; 35:2 (+ גִּילַת, v. גִּילַה), 52:8 (‖ נָשָׂא קוֹל), v 9 (+ פָּצַח); elsewhere only ψψ: ψ 5:12 (‖ שָׂמַח, עָלַץ), 67:5; 90:14; 95:5 (c. ב rei; all ‖ ש׳ alone); 149:5 (‖ עָלַז); 98:4 (‖ הֵרִיעַ; + פָּצַח, זִמֵּר), 132:9; 145:7, רַנֵּן יְרַנֵּנ֑וּ 132:16; c. acc. of theme 51:16; 59:17 (‖ שִׁיר); בי׳ 33:1; ב rei 20:6; 63:8; 89:13; c. לי׳ 95:1 (‖ הֵרִיעַ), אֶל־אֵל 84:3, (מִ)לפני י׳ 96:12 (‖ עָלַז) = 1 Ch 16:33 (‖ עָלַץ), ψ 98:8; subj. שְׂפָתַיִם 71:23 (‖ זִמֵּר). Pu. Impf. 3 ms. impers. לֹא יְרֻנָּן Is 16:10 no ringing cry shall be given (‖ יְרֹעָ֑ע). Hiph. Impf. cause to ring out for joy, 1 s. לֵב אַלְמָנָה אַרְנִן Jb 29:13; 2 ms. מוֹצָאֵי בֹקֶר וָעֶרֶב תַּרְנִין ψ 65:9; Imv. mpl. הַרְנִינוּ ring out a cry of Joy ψ 32:11 (‖ שׂמח, גיל), לי׳ 81:2 (‖ הריע); c. acc. of theme, עַמּוֹ Dt 32:43 (v. Dr; cf. Pi.).—Hithpō. ψ 78:65 v. רוּן" dir="rtl" >רון.