Funerals and Burial

אֲרוֹן c. art. הָאָרוֹן, הָאָרֹן203 n.m. Ex 35, 12 (f. 1 S 4, 17; 2 Ch 8, 11) chest, ark (Ph. ארן, sarcophagus, Assyrian êrênu (& êrû) chest ZimBP 6, 22, Arabic إِرَانٌ chest, so Aramaic ܐܰܪܘܽܢܳܐ also Nab. ארנא, Vog p. 102, Ph. Mish. also pl. ארונות)—only sg.; abs. †אֲרוֹן 2 K 12:10 = 2 Ch 24:8; c. art. הָאָרוֹן Dt 10:2 + always except Ex Lv Nu where הָאָרֹן (Ex 25:14(×2) + 13 times Ex, Lv 16:2 Nu 3:31; 10:35); cstr. אֲרוֹן Ex 25:10 +, †אֲרֹן Ex 30:6 Nu 4:5; 7:89;— †1. chest, for money-offerings 2 K 12:10, 11 2 Ch 24:8, 10, 11(×2). †2. sarcophagus, mummy-case, of Joseph Gn 50:26 (E). 3. chest, ark in tabernacle & temple, containing tables of law, with cherubim above, the especially seat of י׳ among his people, only Hex (71 times) S (61 times) K (12 times) & Ch (48 times) + Ju 20:27 Je 3:16 ψ 132:8; used alone & in various combinations (cf. SeyringZAW 1891, 114 f.). a. indef. אֲרוֹן עֲצֵי שִׁטִּים an ark of shittim-wood Ex 25:10; Dt 10:3 cf. v 1. b. def. הָא׳ Ex 25:14 + 54 times (Hex P, except Jos JE; S K Ch). c. א׳ יהוה Jos 4:11 + 32 times Jos (JED) S K Ch. d. א׳ אֱלֹהִים †1 S 3:3; 4:11; א׳ הָאֱלֹהִים 1 S 4:13 + 32 times S Ch (but 1 S 14:18(×2) read הָאֵפוֹד 𝔊 We Dr), cf. א׳ אֱלֹהֵינוּ †1 Ch 13:3. e. א׳ אלהי יִשְׂרָאֵל 1 S 5:7 + 6 times S, term used only by Philistines; א׳ יהוה אלהי יִשְׂרָאֵל †1 Ch 15:12, 14; א׳ יהוה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם †Jos 4:5 (JE); א׳ אֲדֹנָי יהוה †1 K 2:26; א׳ יהוה אֲדוֹן כָּל־הָאָרֶץ †Jos 3:13 (JED) cf. אדון כל־הארץ [הברית] א׳ v 11, where הברית (c. art. is prob. interpol., v. Di, only once & late the long phrase א׳ האלהים יהוה יוֹשֵׁב הַכְּרוּבִים אֲשֶׁר נִקְרָא־שֵׁם 1 Ch 13:6. f. in combination with בְּרִית, largely D & under D’s influence; ארון הַבְּרִית ark of the covenant †Jos 3:6(×2), 8; 4:9; 6:6 (all JED); א׳ בְּרִית יהוה Nu 10:33; 14:44 (both J) Dt 10:8; 31:9, 25; Jos 4:7, 18; 6:8; 8:33 Je 3:16 + 17 times S K Ch; once longer א׳ בְּרִית י׳ צְבָאוֹת ישֵׁב הַכְּרֻבִים †1 S 4:4; also א׳ בְּרִית הָאֱלֹהִים †Ju 20:27; 1 S 4:4; 2 S 15:24; 1 Ch 16:6; & א׳ בְּרִית י׳ אלהיכם Dt 31:26 Jos 3:3. g. אֲרוֹן הָעֵ��וּת ark of the testimony, only in P, corresponding to א׳ בְּרִית (cf. Di on Ex 25:16), Ex 25:22 + 8 times Ex, †Nu 4:5; 7:89 Jos 4:16. h. †א׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ 2 Ch 35:3. i. א׳ עֻזֶּךָ֑ the ark of thy strength 2 Ch 6:41 ψ 132:8.—(Cf. also tables given by Seyringl.c. & his theory as to earliest designation of ark.)

קָבַר132 vb. bury (NH id.; Ph. קבר, bury, קבר tomb; Arabic قَبَرَ, Assyrian ḳibîru, Aramaic קְבַר, ܩܒܰܪ, Nab. קבר, all bury; Palm. Nab. קברא tomb, so Sab. קבר HomChrest. 126 Liḥy. קבר bury; DHMEpigr. Denkm. No. 35, 2, 3, cf. מקבר(הם) burial-place CISiv, No. 20, 1, 2, 4);— Qal86 Pf. 3 ms. ק׳ Gn 23:19; 2 ms. sf. consec. וּקְבַרִתַּנְי 47:30, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּקְבֹּר Dt 34:6; 2 K 21:26, etc.; Imv. קְבֹר Gn 23:6 +, etc.; Inf. abs. קָבוֹר Dt 21:23; cstr. לִקְבּוֹר Je 19:11 +, etc.; Pt. act. קֹבֵר 2 K 9:10 +, etc.; pass. קָבוּר 1 K 13:31, pl. קְבֻרִים Ec 8:10 bury, acc. pers., bones, etc., usually c. ב loc., 2 S 2:32; 1 K 13:31(×2) Gn 23:6 Jos 24:30, 32(×2) Ju 2:9 + 33 times; c. בֵּיתוֹ loc. 2 Ch 33:20 (בְּגַן־בֵּיתוֹ ‖ 2 K 21:18, also בְּבֵיתוֹ 1 S 25:1; 1 K 2:34); c. שָׁם Nu 11:34, תַּחַת 1 S 31:13 = 1 Ch 10:12; pregn. c. אֶל loc. Gn 23:19; 25:9; Ez 39:15; אֶל־אֲבֹתָ֑י Gn 49:29; cf. עִם־אֲבוֹתָיו 2 K 12:22; 15:7; 2 Ch 25:28; 26:23 (v. also Niph., and תָּבוֹא אֶל־אֲבֹתֶיךָ Gn 15:15); c. שָׁ֫מָּה Gn 23:13; 49:31(×3); 50:5; c. acc. pers. alone 2 S 2:4, 5 + 22 times; + מִלְּפָנַי Gn 23:4, 8; pass. Ec 8:10; acc. om. 2 K 9:10 + 3 times + (c. ב) 2 S 4:12. Niph.39 Impf. 3 ms. יִקָּבֵר Je 22:19, etc.;—be buried Gn 15:15 Je 8:2; 16:4, 6; 25:33 (+ אסף), as read perhaps Ez 29:5 for תִּקָּבֵץ (+ id.); קְבֻרַת חֲמוֹר יִקּ׳ Je 22:19; usually c. ב loc. Gn 35:19 Ju 8:32 + 6 times Ju, 2 S 17:23; 1 K 2:10, 34 + 16 times K Ch (+ עִם־אֲבוֹתַיו 1 K 14:31; 15:24 + 6 times; עִם־מַלְכֵי יִשְׂר׳ 2 K 13:13; 14:16); c. שָׁם Nu 20:1 + 3 times; c. תַּחַת, מִתַּחַת Gn 35:8. †Pi. bury (in masses), c. acc.: Impf. 3 fs. sf. תְּקַבְּרֵם Ho 9:6; Inf. cstr. לְקַבֵּר 1 K 11:15; Pt. pl. מְקַבְרִים Nu 33:4 Ez 39:14; as n. intens., of office, burier, sg. מְקַבֵּר Je 14:16, pl. הַמּ׳ Ez 39:15. †Pu. Pf. 3 ms. שָׁ֫מַּה קֻבַּר אַבְרָהָם Gn 25:10.

אָ֫וֶן85 n.m. Jb 5:6 trouble, sorrow, wickedness—abs. Nu 23:21 +; sf. אוֹנִי Gn 35:18 etc.; pl. אוֹנִים Ho 9:4— 1. trouble, sorrow בֶּן־אוֹנִי son of my trouble or sorrow Gn 35:18 (E); לֹא הִבִּיט אָוֶן בְּיַעֲקֹב Nu 23:21 (song of Balaam), he doth not behold trouble in Jacob (‖ he doth not see mischief— עָמָל—in Isr.); often ‖ עָמָל, ψ 7:15 (הִנֵּה יְחַבֶּל־אָוֶן lo he travaileth with trouble ‖ וְהָרָה עָמָל וְיָלַד שָׁ֑קֶר, yea he hath conceived misery & brought forth a lie), prob. thence Jb 15:35 (הָרֹה עָמָל וְיָלֹד אָוֶן) = Is 59:4; cf. עָמָל וָאָוֶן ψ 10:7; 55:11; 90:10; Jb 4:8; 5:6 Is 10:1 (v. עָמָל); also זוֹרֵעַ עַוְלָה יִקְצָר־אָוֶן Pr 22:8 the sower of iniquity shall reap trouble; in this sense elsewhere only Dt 26:14 Pr 12:21 Je 4:15 Hb 3:7 Am 5:5, pl. intens. לֶחֶם אוֹנִים bread of trouble, sorrow, or mourning Ho 9:4. 2. idolatry Ho 12:12; אָוֶן וּתְרָפִים הַפְצַ֑ר stubbornness is idolatry & (the use of) teraphim 1 S 15:23 (poet. source); בֵּית אָוֶן Ho 4:15 (for בֵּית אֵל because Bethel, house of God, is given over to idolatry) so also 5:8; 10:5 cf. בָּמוֹת א׳ Ho 10:8; בִּקְעַת א׳ Am 1:5 (Baalbek); בַּחוּרֵי א׳ read אוֹן, אֹן = On, Heliopolis Ez 30:17;—abstr. for concr. = idols Is 41:29; 66:3. 3. trouble of iniquity, wickedness, מְתֵי אָוֶן Jb 22:15; אַנְשֵׁי א׳ 34:36 = men of trouble, troublers, wicked men; cf. אִישׁ" dir="rtl" >אִישׁ א׳ Pr 6:12; Is 55:7; פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן workers of trouble, evil-doers, workers of iniquity Jb 31:3; 34:8, 22 ψ 5:6 + (16 times chiefly late ψ) Pr 10:29; 21:15 Is 31:2 Ho 6:8; מַחְשְׁבוֹת אָוֶן thoughts of trouble, wicked imaginations Pr 6:18 Is 59:7 Je 4:14; often of words & thoughts Jb 11:11 + (5 times) ψ 36:5 + (9 times) Pr 17:4; 19:28; 30:20 Is 29:20; 32:6; 58:9; 59:6 Ez 11:2 Mi 2:1 Hb 1:3 Zc 10:2; לֹא אוּכַל אָוֶן וַעֲצָרָה Is 1:13 I cannot bear iniquity with the solemn meeting (RV & most mod.; AV it is iniquity, even the solemn meeting).

μνημ-εῖον, Doric dialect μνᾱμεῖον, Ionic dialect μνημήϊον, τό, memorial, remembrance, record of a person or thing, μνημήϊα καταλιπέσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; μνημεῖα ὅρκων a record of the oaths, Refs 5th c.BC+; μνημεῖα τῆς δαπάνης visible memorials, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ παίδων μαθήματα θαυμαστὸν ἔχει τι μ. the lessons of childhood cling strangely to the memory, Refs 5th c.BC+; μνημεῖα καταλειφθῆναι τῶν μελλόντων ἔσεσθαι to be left behind as reminders of things to come, Refs __2 of one dead, Refs 5th c.BC+; of an urn containing the ashes of the dead,Refs 5th c.BC+; tomb, LXX+NT: generally, monument, Refs 5th c.BC+

† I. אָבַל39 vb. mourn (Assyrian [abâlu] v. DlW)— Qal Pf. אָבַל Is 24:7 + 2 times etc. Impf. 3 fs. תֶּאֱבַל Ho 4:3 + 3 times—mourn, lament (poet. & higher style); abs., human subj. Jo 1:9 Am 8:8; 9:5 Is 19:8 (‖ אנה) cf. Jb 14:22 (subj. נַפְשׁוֹ); sq. על Ho 10:5; more often fig., inanim. subj., gates Is 3:26; land 24:4; 33:9 Ho 4:3 Jo 1:10 Je 4:28 (sq. על) 12:4; 23:10 cf. 12:11 (sq. על), יְהוּדָה 14:2; pastures Am 1:2. Hithp. —Pf. הִתְאַבֵּל 1 S 15:35; Impf. יִתְאַבָּ֑ל Ez 7:12, 27; וַיִּתְאַבֵּל Gn 37:34 + 3 times etc.; Imv. fs. הִתְאַבְּלִי 2 S 14:2; Pt. מִתְאַבֵּל 1 S 16:1 + 2 times etc.;—mourn (mostly prose) especially for dead, sq. על Gn 37:34 2 S 13:37; 14:2; 19:2 (‖ בכה) 2 Ch 35:24, cf. also Is 66:10 (over Jerusalem); abs. 1 Ch 7:22; cf. 2 S 14:2 play the mourner (where indic. by dress); over unworthy Saul sq. אֶל 1 S 15:35; 16:1; over sin sq. על Ezr 10:6 cf. (abs.) Ne 8:9; judgment of י׳ Ex 33:4 abs. (indic. by dress), Nu 14:39 Ez 7:27 (del. B Co); sq. כִּי 1 S 6:19; calamity Ne 1:4 Ez 7:12 cf. Dn 10:2. Hiph. Pf. הֶאֱבַלְתִּי Ez 31:15; Impf. וַיַּאֲבֶל־ La 2:8;—cause to mourn; Ez 31:15 abs. MT, but A B Co obj. תהום sq. על, caused the deep to mourn over; La 2:8 obj. wall etc.; (both these fig.; cf. Qal).

† [סָפַד] vb. wail, lament (NH id.; 𝔗 סְפַד, ChrPal Aramaic ܣܦܕ id., SchwallyIdiot. 64; Assyrian [sapâdu], sipdu, sipittu, mourning DlHWB 507; cf. Amhar. ሰደፌ dirge PräZMGxxxv(1881), 762);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. וְסָֽפְדָה consec. Zc 12:12, 3 pl. וְסָֽפְדוּ consec. 1 K 14:13 Zc 12:10; Impf. 3 fs. וַתִּסְפֹּד 2 S 11:26, 2 ms. תִּסְפֹּד Ez 24:16, 1 s. cohort. אֶסְפְּדָה Mi 1:8, 3 mpl. יִסְפְּדוּ Je 6:16 +, etc.; Imv. mpl. סִפְדוּ 2 S 3:31 + 2 times; fpl. סְפֹּ֫דְנָה Je 49:3; Inf. abs. סָפוֹד Zc 7:5; cstr. סְפוֹד Ec 3:4, לִסְפֹּד Gn 23:2 1 K 13:29, לִסְפּוֹד Je 16:5; Pt. act. pl. סֹפְדִים Is 32:12, סוֹ׳ Ec 12:5;—wail, lament (with loud cries, etc., v. Mi 1:8, and cf. Dr Am 5:16), especially for dead, c. לְ, 1 S 25:1; 28:3 1 K 14:13, 18 Gn 23:2 (P) Je 16:6; 22:18(×2); 34:5, cf. וְאַל־תֵּלֵךְ לִסְפּוֹד וְאַל־תָּנֹד לָהֶם 16:5; c. עַל־ over 2 S 1:12; 11:26; 1 K 13:30, cf. Zc 12:10 (see v 12 infr.); c. לִפְנֵי i.e. marching before (bier) 2 S 3:31 (v. Dr); c. acc. cogn. Gn 50:10 (J); abs. 1 K 13:29 Ez 24:16 cf. v 23 Ec 3:4 (opp. רקד; cf. ψ 30:12), and pt. as subst. Ec 12:5 wailers; also, with idea of guilt on part of those wailing, Zc 12:12 (cf. v 10 supr.); over calamity, judgment, c. עַל־ Mi 1:8, abs. Je 4:8 (both + הֵילִיל), 49:3 and (with fasting) Zc 7:5 Jo 1:13.—עַל־שָׁדַיִם סֹפְדִים עַל־שְׂדֵי־חֶמֶד וגו׳ Is 32:12 is dub.; Thes Ew De Che al. upon the breasts smiting (?) for the fields, etc., but read prob. שָׂדִים (־וֹת, יִם—ַ) GesComm. (q.v.) Buhl Lex 13 Skinner al.: over the fields wailing, over the delightful fields, etc. Niph. Impf. 3 mpl. לֹא יִסָּֽפְדוּ Je 16:4 they shall not be bewailed, so 25:33.

† יָלַל vb.Hiph. howl, make a howling (onomatop.)— Hiph. Pf. וְהֵילִל Je 47:2; וְהֵילִי֫לוּ consec. Am 8:3; Impf. יְיֵלִיל Is 15:2 + 3 times (Ges§ 70, 2, R. 2 Köi 437, 421); אֲיֵלִיל Je 48:31; וְאֵילִי֫לָה Mi 1:8; יְיֵלִי֫לוּ Ho 7:14 (Köi 421); יְהֵילִי֫לוּ Is 52:5; תְּיֵלִי֫לוּ Is 65:14; Imv. הֵילֵל Ez 21:17; Zc 11:2; הֵילִי֫לִי Is 14:31; 49:3 + Je 48:20 Kt; הֵילִי֫לוּ Is 13:6 + 13 times + Je 48:20 Qr, + Ez 30:2 (del. 𝔊 Co);—utter or make a howling, give a howl, in distress, ‖ זעק Ho 7:14; Je 47:2; Is 14:31; Je 25:34; 48:20, 31 (sq. על), Ez 21:17; ‖ צעק Is 65:14 (sq. מִן of occasion, source); ‖ ספד Mi 1:8 Je 4:8; Jo 1:13; ‖ הֹבִישׁ Jo 1:11; ‖ בכה 1:5 (cf. Is 15:2, 3 + בֶּ֑כִי); sq. על Je 51:8; Is 15:2, 3; We proposes ילילו for יגילו Ho 10:5 (others יחילו, v. גיל supr. p. 162); sq. לְ Is 16:7; abs. והילילו שׁירות היכל Am 8:3 and palace-songs shall become howlings, Is 13:6; 16:7; 23:1, 6, 14; Je 48:39; 49:3 (Ez 30:2 v supr.), Zp 1:11; Zc 11:2(×2); in cruel exultation Is 52:5 cf. De Che Di.—On הֵילֵל בֶּן־שָׁ֑חַר Is 14:12 cf. sub הָלַל" dir="rtl" >I. הלל supr. p. 237.

† אֵ֫בֶל n.m. Gn 50:11 mourning—abs. Gn 50:10 + 17 times; cstr. 27:41 + 3 times; אֶבְלֵךְ Is 60:20; אֶבְלָם Je 31:13—for dead, cstr. Gn 27:41 Dt 34:8 (‖ בּכי) so א׳ יָחִיד sim. for grievous mourning Am 8:10, id. metaph. Je 6:26 (‖ מִסְפַּד תַּמְרוּרִים); Gn 50:11(×2) Je 16:7 cf. 2 S 19:3 עשה א׳ Ez 24:17 (v. Co) sq. לְ Gn 50:10 (v. also ii. אָבֵל ad fin.); for calamity, Est 4:3; 9:22 (‖ יָגוֹן; contr. יוֹם טוֹב) Jb 30:31 (‖ קול בכים) Is 60:20; 61:3 (where appar. = mourning garb, sq. מַעֲטֵה תְהִלָּה, v. also Bi Che on text; ‖ רוּחַ כֵּהָה; contr. שֶׁמֶן שָׂשׂוֹן); Je 31:13 (‖ שׂשׂון), La 5:15 (‖ מָחוֹל), Am 5:16 (‖ מִסְפֵּד); cf. א׳ כִּבְנוֹת יַעֲנָה Mi 1:8; = time, period of mourning 2 S 11:27; בֵּית א׳ Ec 7:2 (‖ בּ׳ מִשְׁתֶּה, v 4 (‖ בּ׳ שִׂמְחָה); בִּגְדֵי א׳ garments of mourning 2 S 14:2.

† II. קִינָה n.f. elegy, dirge;—abs. ק׳ 2 S 1:17 +; pl. קִינִים Ez 2:10 (but read קינה Co—not Berthol Toy Krae), קִינוֹת 2 Ch 35:25; sf. קִינוֹתֵיהֶם v 25;—elegy, dirge 2 S 1:17; Ez 19:14(×2); 32:16, pl. 2 Ch 35:25; sg. ‖ אֵבֶל Am 8:10, ‖ הֶגֶה וָהִי Ez 2:10, נשׂא ק׳ Je 7:29, c. עַל for, Am 5:1; Je 9:9; Ez 26:17; 27:2; 28:12; 32:2; c. אֶל Ez 19:1; 27:32; למּד ק׳ Je 9:19 (‖ נֶהִי); pl. as collection of written dirges 2 Ch 35:25.—BuZAW ii (1882), 1 ff., cf. iii (1883), 299 ff. thinks Kina rhythm always 3 + 2 tone-beats, but look La (Heb. קִינוֹת) is in all parts pentam., 3 + 2 varying sometimes with 2 + 3, yet always 5 in line, with caesura; of other קִינוֹת, Am 5:2; Ez 19:2 ff.; 26:17b ff. are pent., 2 S 1:19 ff.; 3:33 f. tetr., Ez 27:3 ff.; 28:12 ff.; 32:2 ff. hex.; v. BrGen. Intr. 379 ff..

† קָדַר vb. be dark (dull-coloured, cf. Arabic قَذُرَ / قَذِرَ be dirty (on ذ = ד v. NöZMG xi (1886), 729); NH Hiph. (of face) shew gloom; 𝔗 J קְדַר be dark);— Qal Pf. consec. וְקָדַר Mi 3:6; 1 s. קָדַרְתִּי Je 8:21, etc.; Pt. קֹדֵר ψ 35:14 +; pl. קֹדְרִים Jb 5:11; 6:16;—be dark, of sky Je 4:28 (leaden-coloured, as with clouds, v. Hithp.), of sun and moon Jo 2:10; 4:15; fig. of lack of revelation from י׳, וְק׳ עֲלֵיהֶם הַיּוֹם Mi 3:6; of turbid stream Jb 6:16; fig. of mourning (prob. be squalid, of neglected person and dress of mourner, cf. 2 S 19:25) Je 8:21; 14:2 (לָאָרֶץ, metaph. of gates); Jb 5:11; 30:28 (בְּלֹא חַמָּה), ψ 35:14; 38:7; 42:10; 43:2. Hiph. 1. darken: Pf. 1 s. consec. וְהִקְדַּרְתִּי Ez 32:7 (obj. stars), cf. Impf. 1 s. sf. אַקְדִּירֵם עָלֶיךָ 32:8. 2. cause to mourn וָאַקְדִּר עָלָיו לְבָנוֹן 31:15. Hitph. Pf. 3 pl. וְהַשָּׁמַיִם הִתְקַדְּרוּ עָבִים 1 K 18:45 and the heavens grew dark with clouds.

מִסְפֵּד n.m. Gn 50:10 wailing;—abs. מ׳ Am 5:16 + 11 times; cstr. מִסְפַּד Mi 1:11 + 2 times; sf. מִסְפְּדִי ψ 30:12;—wailing: 1. for dead, Gn 50:10 (J; as acc. cogn.), Zc 12:10 (c. עַל־ cf. v 11(×2) infr.). 2. for calamity experienced Am 5:16(×2) (‖ אֵבֶל), v 17 Mi 1:8 (מ׳ כַּתַּנִּים, ‖ אֵבֶל), v 11 Je 48:38 Ez 27:31, anticipated Je 6:26 Est 4:3. 3. in contrition Is 22:12 (+ בְּכִי), Jo 2:12 (+ צוֹם, בְּכִי), cf. Zc 12:11(×2). 4. in gen., ψ 30:12 (opp. מָחוֹל, cf. Ec 3:4).

† [קְבֻרָה] and (4 times) קְבוּרָה n.f. grave, burial;—abs. קְבוּרָה Is 14:20 + 2 times; cstr. קְבוּרַת Je 22:19, קְבֻרַת Gn 35:20 +; sf. קְבֻרָתוֹ Dt 34:6 +;— 1. grave Gn 35:20(×2); 47:30; Dt 34:6; 1 S 10:2; 2 K 9:28; 21:26; 23:30; Ez 32:23, 24; שְׂדֵה הַקּ׳ 2 Ch 26:23. 2. burial, Is 14:20; Ec 6:3; קְבוּרַת חֲמוֹר Je 22:19.

† I. שִׂיחַ n.m. ψ 104:34 complaint, musing;—abs. שׂ׳ 1 K 18:27; Pr 23:29; sf. שִׂיחִי 1 S 1:16 +, שִׂחִי Jb 23:2, שִׂיחוֹ 2 K 9:11 ψ 102:1;— 1. plaint, complaint: Jb 7:13; 9:27; 10:1 (‖ מר נפשׁ), 21:4; 23:2 Pr 23:29 ψ 55:3 (‖ אָהִימָה); קוֹלִי בְּשִׂיחִי 64:2; שָׁפַךְ שׂ׳ לפני י׳ 102:1; 142:3. Foll. are dub.: 2. musing, 1 K 18:27 (E) of a god, ‖ שִׂיג לוֹ, (so RV; SS ‘nachdenken’; Buhl ‘beschäftigt sein’; AV talk); ψ 104:34 of man (Buhl SS. Bae ‘Rede, oder Gesang’).—Vid. also [שֵׂחַ²" dir="rtl" >שֵׂחַ] infr. 3. anxiety, trouble: מֵרֹב שִׂיחִי 1 S 1:16; (defined in MT by כַּעַס, cf. HPS; so Buhl SS, but perhaps = 1). 4. the way in which he talks: שִׂיחוֹ 2 K 9:11.

† [מָרַט] vb. make smooth, bare, bald; scour, polish (NH id.; pull out, off (feathers, hair); Aramaic ܡܪܰܛ, מְרַט id.; Arabic مَرِطَ have little hair, مَرَطَ pluck out hair);— Qal Impf. i s. וָאֶמְרְטָה Ezr 9:3, sf. 3 mpl. וָאֶמְרְטֵם Ne 13:25; Inf. cstr. מָרְטָה Ez 21:16; Pt. pl. מֹרְטִים Is 50:6; pass. f. מְרוּטָה Ez 21:14 + 2 times;— 1. make bare כָּל־כָּתֵף מְרוּטָה Ez 29:18 every shoulder is laid bare (from chafing of burden; ‖ כָּל־רֹאשׁ מֻקְרָח); the cheek (by plucking out beard) גֵּוִי נָתַתִּי לְמַכִּים וּלְחָיַי לְמֹרְטִ֑ים Is 50:6; c. acc. pers. וָאֶמְרְטֵ֑ם Ne 13:25 (both acts of violence); of hair and beard וָאֶמְרְטָה מִשְּׂעַר רֹאשִׁי וּזְקָנִי Ezr 9:3 (sign of grief). 2. scour, polish, a sword, only Ez 21: v 14 (+ הוּחַדָּה; Co reads מ׳ as Pu), v 16 (del. Co), v 33, + v 20 מְרֻטָה for MT מְעֻטָּה (Ew Sm Co Berthol). Niph. Impf. יִמָּרֵט רֹאשׁוֹ Lv 13:40, 41 his head is made bald (by leprosy). Pu. Pf. 3 fs. מֹרָ֑טָּה Ez 21:15, 16; Pt. מְמֹרָט 1 K 7:45, מוֹרָט Is 18:2, 7 (Ges§ 52 s):—scoured, polished, of bronze utensils of temple 1 K 7:45; of human skin Is 18:2, 7; of sword Ez 21:15, 16 (both + הוּחַדָּה, v. Qal supr.)

θάπτω, future θάψω Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, future τᾰφήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist 1 ἐθάφθην Refs 5th c.BC+; more frequently aorist 2 ἐτάφην [ᾰ] Refs, and alwaysin Attic dialect, as Refs 5th c.BC+; participle ἐν-θαφείς Refsperfect τέθαμμαι, Ionic dialect3rd.pers. plural τετάφαται variant{τεθάφαται} Refs 5th c.BC+; infinitive τεθάφθαι Refs 4th c.BC+: pluperfect passive ἐτέθαπτο Refs 8th c.BC+:—honour with funeral rites, ὅτε μιν θάπτωσιν Ἀχαιοί Refs 8th c.BC+ (but frequently used later with reference to cremation, Refs 5th c.BC+; θ. ἐς χῶρον Refs 5th c.BC+; θ. ἐξ οἰκίας to carry out to burial from a house, Refs 4th c.BC+; καταλείψει μηδὲ ταφῆναι not even his burial expenses, Refs 5th c.BC+

† קָרְחָה, קָרְחָא n.f. baldness, bald spot, made in mourning;—abs. ק׳ Is 3:24 +; sf. קָרְחָתֵךְ Mi 1:16;—bald spot, עַל־כָּל־רֹאשׁ Am 8:10, בְּכָל־ר׳ Is 15:2; Ez 7:18; ק׳ בְּרֹאשׁ Lv 21:5 (acc. cogn.); כָּל־רֹאשׁ ק׳ Je 48:37; ק׳ כַּנֶּשֶׁר Mi 1:16; בֵּין עֵינֵיכֶם Dt 14:1; opp. מַעֲשֶׂה מִקְשֶׁה Is 3:24; also Je 47:5 and (acc. cogn.) Ez 27:31 (קָרְחָא).

πενθ-έω, Epic dialect 3rd.pers. dual πενθείετον Refs 8th c.BC+; Epic dialect infinitive πενθήμεναι Refs 8th c.BC+: future -ήσωRefs 4th c.BC+: aorist ἐπένθησα Refs 4th c.BC+: perfect πεπένθηκα Refs 4th c.BC+: (πένθος):— bewail, lament, especially for persons, νέκυν πενθῆσαι Refs 8th c.BC+: absolutely, mourn, go into mourning, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be mourned for, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 of things, π. κακά Refs 5th c.BC+

κόπτω, Refs 8th c.BC+: future κόψω Refs 6th c.BC+aorist ἔκοψα, Epic dialect κόψα Refs 8th c.BC+perfect κέκοφα (ἐκ-) Refs 5th c.BC+; Epic dialect participle κεκοπώς Refs 8th c.BC+:—middle, future κόψομαι LXX: aorist ἐκοψάμην Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, future κεκόψομαι (ἀπο-) LXX+5th c.BC+: aorist ἐκόπην Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect κέκομμαι Refs 4th c.BC+:— cut, strike, __1 smite, ο᾽ ἀμφὶ κάρη κεκοπὼς χερσὶ στιβαρῇσι Refs 8th c.BC+ smote him on the cheek, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 smite with weapons, κόπτοντες δούρεσσι μετάφρενον Refs 8th c.BC+: metaphorically in passive, with play on words, αἰεὶ κόπτῃ ῥήμασι καὶ κοπίσιν Refs __3 smite, slaughter an animal with an axe or mallet, κόψας ἐξόπιθεν κεράων βοός Refs 8th c.BC+ __4 cut off, chop off, κεφαλὴν ἀπὸ δειρῆς κόψεν Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. δένδρα cut down or fell trees, Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. τὴν χώραν lay it waste, Refs:—in passive, of ships, to be shattered, disabled by the enemy, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸν ὕπνον ἁ φροντὶς κόπτοισα preventing, Refs 3rd c.BC+; [πνεῦμα] κοπτόμενον being suddenly stopped, arrested, Refs 4th c.BC+ __5 strike, beat a horse, to make him go faster, κόψε δ᾽ Ὀδυσσεὺς τόξῳ Refs 8th c.BC+; also σκηπανίῳ Γαιήοχος ἀμφοτέρω (i.e. Αἴαντε) κεκοπὼς πλῆσεν μένεος Refs __6 hammer, forge, κόπτε δὲ δεσμούς Refs 8th c.BC+; later, stamp metal, i.e. coin money, κ. νόμισμα Refs 6th c.BC+:—middle, coin oneself money, order to be coined, κ. χρυσοῦ καὶ ἀργύρου νόμισμα Refs:—passive, of money, to be stamped or coined, [νομίσμασιν] μόνοις ὀρθῶς κοπεῖσι Refs 5th c.BC+ __7 knock or rap at, τὴν θύραν Refs 5th c.BC+; without θύραν, οὗτος, τί κόπτει; Refs 5th c.BC+ __8 pound, bray in a mortar, κυπἐρου κεκομμένου Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀσταφίδα κεκ. Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἔλαιον κεκ., i.e. pure oil, LXX __9 knock, dash about, τὸ ὕδωρ ὅταν κοπῇ Refs 8th c.BC+ __10 of birds, peck, Refs 4th c.BC+; ὁ ἁλιάετος.. τὰ λιμναῖα κ. preys on the lagoon life, Refs; σπειρὴν κ. peck at, Refs 4th c.BC+; of fish, gnaw, Refs 4th c.BC+; of a snake, strike, Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, of wood or seeds, to be worm-eaten, Refs 4th c.BC+ __10.b munch, masticate, uncertain in Refs 5th c.BC+ __11 ὁ ἵππος κ. τὸν ἀναβάτην jars his rider by his paces, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive,Refs 5th c.BC+ __12 κ. ὄνους dress, prepare mill-stones for use, Refs 2nd c.AD+; set, sharpen, Refs 3rd c.BC+:—middle, Refs 1st c.AD+ __13 metaphorically, tire out, weary, μήθ᾽ ὑμῖν ἐνοχλῶ μήτ᾽ ἐμαυτὸν κ. Refs 4th c.BC+ P.:—passive, to be worn out, κοπτόμενοι ἀεὶ ταῖς στρατείαις Refs 4th c.BC+. __II middle κόπτομαι, beat or strike oneself, beat one's breast or head through grief, κεφαλὴν δ᾽ ὅ γε κόψατο χερσίν Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect passive, [πόλις] κέκοπται Refs 4th c.BC+:—active with accusative cognate, ἐκοψα κομμὸν Ἄριον Refs __II.2 κόπτεσθαί τινα mourn for any one, κόπτεσθ᾽ Ἄδωνιν NT+5th c.BC+. (Cf. Lithuanian kapóti, Lett. kapāt 'chop small', 'beat', 'stamp', Latin capo 'capon', perhaps σκέπαρνον.)

μνῆμα, Doric dialect and Aeolic dialect μνᾶμα, ατος, τό, (μνάομαι, μιμνήσκω) memorial, remembrance, record of a person or thing, with genitive, μνῆμ᾽ Ἑλένης χειρῶν Refs 8th c.BC+; Νικοκλέος μνᾶμα κελαδῆσαι Refs 4th c.BC+; λυγρᾶς μνήματα Τροίας, of the sufferings of the Greeks, Refs 5th c.BC+; μ... διὰ χειρὸς ἔχων, i. e. the dead body of his son, Refs __2 mound or building in honour of the dead, monument, tomb, Refs 5th c.BC+; coffin, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 memorial dedicated to a god, Refs 4th c.BC+: generally, monument, Refs 6th c.BC+ __II ={μνήμη}, memory, μ. ἔχουσ᾽ ἀγαθῶν Refs 6th c.BC+

† I. אָבֵל adj. mourning—א׳ Gn 37:35 Est 6:12; cstr. אֲבֶל־ ψ 35:14; אֲבֵלִים Jb 29:25 Is 61:2 etc.;—for dead Gn 37:35 (cp. 50:11), calamity Est 6:12; fig. La 1:4 (pred., inanim. subj.), elsewhere as subst. mourner; sg. ψ 35:14 (cstr.) for dead (‖ קדר; pl. Jb 29:25 abs.; for calamity Is 57:18; 61:2, 3 (where mourners for Zion, or of Zion, v. Di).

† לַעֲנָה n.f. wormwood (NH id.; Arabic لَعْنٌ is curse (vb. لَعَنَ id.), so Nab. לענת (vb. לען) cf. CookGloss.);—only fig. of bitter things:—of perverted justice, Am 5:7; 6:12 (‖ רֹאשׁ); of result of idolatry, Dt 29:17 (‖ id.); of י׳’s chastisement Je 9:14 (‖ מֵי־רֹאשׁ), 23:15 (‖ id.), La 3:15 (‖ מְרוֹרִים), v 19 (‖ רֹאשׁ); sim. of bitter (מָרָה) result of intercourse with strange woman Pr 5:4.—On wormwood (Artemisia absinthium,) etc., Gk. ἀψίνθιον) cf. Löw 80 f. 401, 421 TristrNat. Hist. Bib. 493.

† [קוֹנֵן] vb. denom. Pōʿl. chant a קִינָה;—Pf. 3 pl. consec. וְקוֹנְנוּ Ez 27:32 (עַל pers.), sf. (cogn.) וְקוֹנְנוּהָ 32:16; Impf. 3 ms. וַיְקֹנֵן 2 S 1:17 (c. acc. cogn. + עַל pers.), cf. (עַל pers. only), 2 Ch 35:25 and (אֶל pers.) 2 S 3:33; 3 fpl. תְּקוֹנֶנָּה c. acc. cogn., Ez 32:16, + עַל pers. v 16; Pt. as subst. Je 9:16 (professional) wailing women.

τάφος [ᾰ], ὁ, (θάπτω) __A funeral-rites, Refs 8th c.BC+; δαινύναι τάφον to give a funeral-feast, Refs 8th c.BC+; τελέσαι τάφον Ἕκτορι δίῳ to perform the funeral-rites, Refs 8th c.BC+; so ὃν πόλις στυγεῖ, σὺ τιμήσεις τάφ; Refs 5th c.BC+; τάφου τυχεῖν obtain the rites of burial, Refs 5th c.BC+: plural of a single funeral, Refs 5th c.BC+; so of cremation, Refs 1st c.AD+ __A.2 the act of performing the funeral-rites, τοῦδε τοῦ τ. φήσεις μετασχεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II grave, tomb, Refs 8th c.BC+: plural of a single grave, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὄντες ἐν τάφοις dead and buried, Refs 4th c.BC+; μέγας γ᾽ ὀφθαλμὸς οἱ πατρὸς τάφοι his being dead and buried, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.II.2 ἔμψυχός τις τ. a 'living skeleton', Refs 2nd c.AD+ __A.II.3 ={βωμός}, Refs 4th c.BC+ __A.II.4 Refs 8th c.BC+

† נְהִי n.[m.] wailing, lamentation, mourning song;—נ׳ abs. Am 5:16 + 5 times; וָנֶ֑הִי Je 9:9;—wailing, at י׳’s judgment Mi 2:4 as acc. cogn.; Je 9:9 (c. נָשָׂא עַל־, + בְּכִי, ‖ קִינָה), v 17 (c. id., ‖ דִּמְעָה), v 18 (קוֹל נ׳), 31:15 (‖ בְּכִי, תַּמְרוּרִים); mourning song יוֹדְעֵי נ׳ Am 5:16 of professional mourners, skilled in mourning song; cf. Je 9:19, where taught (‖ קִינָה), also הִי Ez 2:10 (‖ אֵבֶל, מִסְפֵּד) q.v. (Ol Co read נהי, cf. Berthol).

† מַכְפֵּלָה n.pr.loc. near Hebron, where the patriarchs and their wives were buried, only in P, always c. art.; שׂדה אשׁר בַּמּ׳ Gn 23:17, מְעָרַת הַמּ׳ the cave of Machpelah v 9, 25:9, מְעָרַת שְׂדֵה הַמּ׳ 23:19; 50:13, מְעָרָה אֲשֶׁר בִּשְׂדֵה הַמּ׳ 49:30.—cf. BuhlGeogr. 160, 161.—(Evidently orig. appell., but meaning dub.; 𝔊 τὸ διπλοῦν; according to Thes = part, lot, portion, as Ethiopic መክፈልት ).

† I. קָרַח vb. make bald, or a baldness, usually (by mourners) for the dead, cf. RSSem. i. 306, 2nd ed. 324 (Arabic parallels) (NH id. Hiph. shew baldness; Arabic قَرَحَ wound, make sores, قُرْحَةٌ whiteness in face of horse (but قَرَعَ be bald, أَقْرَعُ bald); Ethiopic ቀርሐ make bald (rare); Aramaic קְרַח, ܩܪܰܚ, chiefly deriv. (and der. meanings); cf. Sin. n.pr.m. קרחה, קרחו; MI3, 21, 24, 25 n.pr.loc. קרחה);— Qal Impf. 3 mpl. יִקְרְחוּ קָרְחָה בְּרֹאשָׁם Lv 21:5 Qr (> Kt יקרחה; ‖ יְגַלֵּ֑חוּ cf. Dt 14:1); Imv. fs. קָרְחִי וָגֹ֫זִּי עַל Mi 1:16 make a baldness … for. Niph. Impf. 3 ms. יִקָּרֵחַ לָהֶם Je 16:6 men shall not make themselves bald for them. Hiph. Pf. 3 pl. consec. וְהִקְרִיחוּ אֵלַיִךְ קָרְחָה Ez 27:31 and they shall make a baldness (cf. Qal) for thee. Hoph. Pt. כָּל־רֹאשׁ מֻקְרָח Ez 29:18 every head made bald (by carrying load).

πένθος, εος, τό, grief, sorrow, Refs 8th c.BC+; τινος for one, Refs 8th c.BC+; Τρῶας λάβε π. Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 especially of grief for the dead, mourning, τοκεῦσι γόον καὶ π. ἔθηκας Refs 8th c.BC+; π. ποιήσασθαι make a public mourning, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν πένθει [εἶναι] Refs 5th c.BC+; π. λύεσθαι, ἀποθέσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II unhappy event, misfortune, π. τινός one's illfortune, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III of a person, a misery, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. ἔδωκε φέρειν, i. e. the body, Refsfuture of πάσχω, perfect πείσονθα, Lithuanian kenčiù 'suffer', pa-kantà 'patience'; πενθ- is reduced to πṇθ- (παθ-) in αἰνο-παθής, etc.)

יְלָלָה n.f. howling;—וִילָלָה Zp 1:10; cstr. יִֽלֲלַת. Je 25:36; Zc 11:3; יִלְלָתָהּ Is 15:8(×2);—howling in distress Is 15:8(×2) (‖ זְעָקָה), Je 25:36 (of leaders of flock, metaph. for princes; ‖ קול צעקה), Zp 1:10 (‖ id.); קול יִֽלֲלַת הָרֹעִים Zc 11:3 (רעים metaph. for princes).

† [פָּלַשׁ] vb. Hithp. act of mourning, poss. roll in (dust, etc.; weakened from burrow into) (NH Pi. break open, or through; Assyrian palâšu, dig a hole; Syriac ܦܠܰܫ dig or break through; but connexion dub., Vrss mostly besprinkle oneself, Aq roll oneself);—Pf. 1 s. עָפָר הִתְפַּלָּ֑שְׁתִּי Mi 1:10 Kt (Qr Imv. -פַּלָּ֑שִׁי, others mpl. -פַּלָּ֑שׁוּ); Impf. 3 mpl. כָּאֵפֶר יִתְפַּלָּ֑שׁוּ Ez 27:30, so Imv. fs. הִתְפַּלְּשִׁי בָאֵפֶר Je 6:26 (cf. Mi 1:10 Qr); abs., mpl. הִתְפַּלְּשׁוּ 25:34.

θρην-έω, future -ήσωRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist 1 -ησαRefs 5th c.BC+:—middle (see. below Refs: impersonal in perfect passive (see. below): (θρῆνος):—sing a dirge, wail, Μοῦσαι δ᾽ ἐννέα πᾶσαι ἀμειβόμεναι ὀπὶ καλῇ θρήνεον Refs 8th c.BC+; τίς ὁ θρηνήσω; Refs 4th c.BC+[same place]; τίς.. ἔσθ᾽ ὁ θρηνῶ; Refs 5th c.BC+ were singing a doleful dirge, Refs 8th c.BC+; γόον θ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ὕμνους, of the nightingale, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ἅλις μοι τεθρήνηται γόοις Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 c.accusative, bewail, θ. πόνους NT+5th c.BC+:—so also middle, ἄκος γὰρ οὐδὲν τόνδε θρηνεῖσθαι Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, to be lamented, Refs 5th c.BC+

† גַּבַּ֫חַת n.f. bald forehead (NH id., Aramaic ܓܒܳܚܽܘܬܳܐ ), only Lv 13—abs. Lv 13:42 (P; asson. בְּקָרַ֫חַת אוֹ בַגַּבַּ֫חַת); גַּבַּחְתּוֹ v 42, 43 (both P & ‖ קָרַחְתּוֹ); in all, as place of appearance of an eruption; v 55 (P; ‖ id.) = in its front, i.e. front of garment.

† קָרַ֫חַת n.f. baldness of head;—abs. ק׳ Lv 13:42a; sf. קָרַחְתּוֹ v 42 +;—baldness of head (always opp. גַּבַּחַת baldness of forehead), Lv 13:42(×2), 43, 55.

† נָהָה vb. wail, lament (prob. onomatop., cf. StaGesch. i. 388; Aramaic ܢܗܳܐ, (in Lexx); Ethiopic ንህየ is recreari, respirare, etc. Di632);— Qal Pf. וְנָהָה Mi 2:4 lament sq. acc. cogn.; Imv. נְהֵה Ez 32:18, sq. עַל, concerning, for. Niph. Impf. וַיִּנָּהוּ 1 S 7:2 sq. אַחֲרֵי went mourning after (so most, cf. Th Dr, who argue against Thes were gathered), ויפנ(ה), וַיִּפְנוּ turned after = submitted to (as Ez 29:16) 𝔊 (perhaps), We Kit Bu HPS.

† קֵרֵחַ adj. bald;—Lv 13:40 (distinct from גִּכֵּחַ v 41); n.m. 2 K 2:23(×2).

ἐντᾰφ-ιάζω, prepare for burial, lay out, LXX+NT+1st c.AD+:—middle, τὸ λοιπὸν ἐντεταφιασμένος περιπατεῖ Refs 1st c.BC+

ἐντᾰφ-ιασμός, ὁ, laying out for burial, NT.Mark.14.8, Refs 5th c.BC+

ὀδυρ-μός, ὁ, lamentation, ὀδυρμοὶ καὶ γόοι Refs 5th c.BC+ lamentation for.., Refs 1st c.AD+

† אֲנִיָּה n.f. mourning; Is 29:2 La 2:5 (both times in combin. תַּאֲנִיָּה וַאֲנִיָּה).

† תַּאֲנִיָּה n.f. id. ib.

† תַּאֲנִיָּה n.f. id. ib.

† II. [תָּנָה] vb. recount, rehearse (?) (𝔗 תַּנֵּי, Syriac ܬܰܢܺܝ, is recount, Arabic ثَنَى ii, iv. is celebrate, but Heb. ת = Aramaic ת = Arabic ث is very dub.);— Pi. Impf. 3 mpl. יְתַנּוּ Ju 5:11 let them recount (Vrss) the victories of י׳; Inf. cstr. תַּנּוֹת 11:40 to celebrate (mod.), or mourn (Vrss), c. ל pers.

ἱκετ-ήριος, poetry ἱκτήριος, α, ον, as adjective in the latter form only, of or fit for suppliants, ἱ. θησαυρός, of hair offered to a god, Refs 5th c.BC+; φωτῶν ἱκτήρια, ={φῶτας ἱκτηρίους}, Refs __II ἱκετηρία, poetry ἱκτηρία, Ionic dialect ἱκετηρίη (i.e. ῥάβδος), ἡ, olive-branch which the suppliant held in his hand as a symbol of his condition, λευκοστεφεῖς ἱκτηρίας Refs 4th c.BC+; ἱκετηρίην λαβεῖν, φέρειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially of petitions laid before the Athenian people, ἱ. θεῖναι And.[same place], Refs 4th c.BC+, which is a later use,Refs; ὑπὲρ θυγατρὸς ἱ. τιθεμένη Refs 3rd c.AD+; ἱ. ἔθηκεν παρ᾽ ὑμῖν,= ἱκέτευσεν ὑμᾶς, Refs 4th c.BC+; later ἱ. πέμπειν, προβάλλεσθαι, Refs 1st c.AD+; ἱκετηρίας προσενέγκας, ἱκετηρίαν προσάγειν, NT+4th c.AD+, where the suppliant represents herself as the olive-branch, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 ={ἱκεσία}, variant in Refs 5th c.BC+ad Ath.275c, Refs 3rd c.AD+

κοπετός, ὁ, noise, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially of lamentation, ={κομμός}, NT+1st c.AD+

ὀλολύζω, Refs 8th c.BC+: future -ύξομαιRefs 5th c.BC+, later -ύξω LXXaorist ὠλόλυξα, Epic dialect ὀ. (see. below):—cry with a loud voice, in Refs 8th c.BC+ especially of women crying aloud to the gods in prayer or thanksgiving, ὣς εἰποῦσ᾽ ὀλόλυξε· θεὰ δέ οἱ ἔκλυεν ἀρῆς Refs 8th c.BC+; αἱ δ᾽ ὀλόλυξαν, at a sacrifice, Refs 8th c.BC+; of a cry of exultation, ἴθυσέν ῥ᾽ ὀλολύξαι Refs; also of the cries of goddesses, Refs; so later, mostly of women crying to the gods, ὀλολύξατε νῦν ἐπὶ μολπαῖς Refs 5th c.BC+; mostly in sign of joy (compare ὀλολυγή), ἢν μὲν ἔλθῃ πύστις εὐτυχὴς σέθεν, ὀλολύξεται πᾶν δῶμα Refs 5th c.BC+; of nymphs crying aloud to Hecate, Refs 3rd c.BC+

σορός, ἡ, vessel for holding human remains, cinerary urn, ὣς δὲ καὶ ὀστέα νῶϊν ὁμὴ σ. ἀμφικαλύπτοι Refs 8th c.BC+; coffin, Refs 5th c.BC+; of stone, Refs 4th c.BC+; bier, NT+3rd c.AD+ __II as nickname of an old man or woman, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III αἱ δημόσιαι σ. uncertain meaning in Refs 4th c.AD+

συγκομ-ίζω, carry or bring together, collect, Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, Refs 5th c.BC+; bring together to oneself, collect round one, ἰατροὺς ἀρίστους πρὸς αὑτόν Refs 5th c.BC+; συγκεκόμισθε κάλλιστον κτῆμα εἰς τὰς ψυχάς you have stored up in your souls,Refs 2nd c.AD+; σ. πρὸς ἐμαυτόν concentrate in myself, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, ἐκέατο ἁλέες συγκεκομισμένοι heaped together, Refs 5th c.BC+ are gained both at once, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 of the harvest, gather in, Refs 5th c.BC+: frequently in middle, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, of the harvest, ὀργᾷ συγκομίζεσθαι it is ripe for carrying, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐλαχίστοις πόνοις συγκομίζεται is got in.. , Refs 1st c.BC+ __II help in burying or cremating, τόνδε τὸν νεκρὸν.. μὴ συγκομίζειν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔφθη τὸ σῶμα συγκομισθέν the body was already cremated, Refs 1st c.AD+

ταφ-ή, ἡ, (see. θάπτω) burial, ταφῆς τυχεῖν, κυρῆσαι, Refs 5th c.BC+: in plural, mode of burial, Refs: plural also of the burials of those who had fallen in battle, δημοσίᾳ ταφὰς ἐποιήσαντο Refs 5th c.BC+; νόμοι.., οἷς ἐχρῶντο περὶ τὰς ταφάςRefs 2nd c.BC+ __2 plural also, burial-place, Refs 5th c.BC+: later in singular, Refs 1st c.BC+, of the urn supposed to contain the ashes of Orestes, Refs 5th c.BC+; so in Egypt, mummy, Refs 1st c.AD+; also, sarcophagus, δευτέρα τ., of a double sarcophagus, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3 payment for burial, burial-fee, τὸν τὴν τ. τοῦ πατρὸς οὐκ ἀπειληφότα Refs 4th c.BC+; ὑπὲρ τέλους ταφῆς μιᾶς Refs 2nd c.AD+

† III. [אָלָה] vb. wail (Aramaic אֲלָא, ܐܶܠܴܐ ) only Qal Imv. fs. אֱלִי Jo 1:8 (v. אַלְלַי).

† בָּאְשָׁה n.f. (stinking things) stinking or noxious weeds, Jb 31:40 תַּחַת חִטָּה יֵצֵא חוֹחַ וְתַחַת־שְׂעֹרָה בָאְשָׁה instead of wheat may there spring forth bramble, and instead of barley stinking weeds (cf. Assyrian bîšu Zehnpfund BAS I. 633).

† גִּבֵּחַ adj. having a bald forehead, ג׳ הוּא Lv 13:41 (P ‖ קֵרֵחַ הוּא v 40).

† חֲנֻטִים n.[m.]pl.abstr. embalming, only יְמֵי הַח׳ Gn 50:3 i.e. the days consumed in the embalming process = אַרְבָּעִים יוֹם v. Di

† מַרְזֵחַ n.m. Am 6:7 cry (𝔗 מַרְוְחָא mourning-feast; Ph. מרזח a rel. festival (> usually a month), cf. Palm., ClGann Littm, v. GACookeInscr. 95. 121 f. 303 LzbEphem. i. 47 f. 343 f., ii. 281);— 1. mourning cry (or feast? Talm. מַרְזֵיחָא), abs. בֵּית מ׳ Je 16:5 i.e. house of mourning (‖ ספד, נוד). 2. cry of revelry, cstr. מִרְוַח סְרוּחִים Am 6:7.

† נֹהַּ n.[m.] eminency, distinction;—לֹא נֹהַּ בָּהֶם Ez 7:11 no eminency is left in them (so A 𝔊 Theod Symm Ges Ke), < del. 𝔊B Co Berthol Toy, cf. also Da.

† [נִי] n.[m.] si vera l., wailing (AV RV) ( = נְהִי);—וְנָֽשְׂאוּ אֵלַיִךְ בְּנִיהֶם קִינָה Ez 27:32, but improb.; 𝔊 𝔖 בְּנֵיהֶם, v. MV; so Co, who, however, del. as gloss, cf. Buhl Berthol.

† קְדֹרַנִּית adv. as mourners;—Mal 3:14.