H8638 H8638
translated (Aramaic passive participle; rendered from one language to another)
This Aramaic quadriliteral verb means 'to interpret' or 'to translate,' and appears in Ezra 4:7 as a passive participle describing a letter that was 'translated' into Aramaic. The root תרגם is the source of the term 'Targum,' the Aramaic translations/paraphrases of the Hebrew Bible. The verb denotes rendering speech or writing from one language into another, making it intelligible to a different audience. In the context of Ezra, Persian officials sent a letter in Aramaic script and Aramaic language—i.e., 'translated' into the imperial administrative tongue. The term has cognates in Assyrian (targumānu, interpreter) and Arabic.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Aramaic passive participle meaning 'translated' or 'interpreted,' referring to rendering a document from one language into another. Ezra 4:7 describes a letter written in Aramaic script and 'translated' (interpreted in Aramaic language), indicating bilingual administrative communication. The verb is the etymological source of 'Targum,' the Aramaic renderings of Hebrew Scripture. Spanish 'traducida' (translated) captures the semantic core of cross-linguistic rendering. The term implies not merely copying but interpretive transfer across language boundaries, making content accessible to a different linguistic community—in this case, the Persian imperial court. 1×
AR["وَ-مُتَرْجَمٌ"]·ben["আর-অনূদিত"]·DE["[ומתרגם]"]·EN["and-translated"]·FR["[ומתרגם]"]·heb["ו-מתרגם"]·HI["और-अनुवादित"]·ID["dan-diterjemahkan"]·IT["[ומתרגם]"]·KO["그리고-번역된"]·PT["e-traduzida"]·RU["и-переведено"]·ES["y-traducida"]·SW["na-kutafsiriwa"]·TR["ve-tercume-edilmis"]·urd["اور-ترجمہ"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H5046 2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim (79×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [תִּרְגֵּם] vb.quadril. interpret, translate (Assyrian targumânu, interpreter (so also TelAm.), perhaps from √ רגם, cf.رَجَمَ conjecture, opine WeReste Arabic Heid. 207, v. also DlHWB 713 VollersZA xii. 138; NH = BH; Aramaic תַּרְגֵּם, ܬܰܪܓܶܡ, Arabic تَرْجَمَ );—Pt. pass. מְתֻרְגָּם Ezr 4:7,—On Targum v. WalkerHast. DB s.v..