H8501 H8501
oppression, violence, injury (noun describing harm inflicted by oppressors)
This noun denotes oppressive violence or injury, particularly that inflicted by those in power. It appears in parallel with other terms for violence and deceit in the Psalms and Proverbs, painting portraits of wicked oppressors. Proverbs 29:13 uses it to characterize 'the man of oppressions,' one who uses violence to exploit others. The plural form emphasizes repeated or varied acts of oppression. The word family includes concepts of injury and wrongdoing, focusing on harm done to vulnerable people.
Senses
1. sense 1 — In Proverbs 29:13, this describes the characteristic activity of the oppressor—violent exploitation and injury. The multilingual glosses consistently point to oppression, with the context contrasting the oppressor with the poor. The term appears in wisdom literature's social ethics, condemning those who use power to harm rather than protect the vulnerable. 1×
AR["مَظالِمَ"]·ben["নিপীড়নকারীর"]·DE["[תככים]"]·EN["oppression"]·FR["תככים"]·heb["תככים"]·HI["अत्याचारी"]·ID["penindas"]·IT["oppression"]·jav["nindhes"]·KO["압제하는-자들의"]·PT["de-opressões"]·RU["притеснений"]·ES["opresiones"]·SW["uonevu"]·TR["zalim"]·urd["ظالم"]
Related Senses
H4421 1. war, battle, armed conflict (319×)H0341 1. enemy, adversary, foe (284×)H3898a 1. Nifal: to fight, wage war (167×)H2026 1. kill, slay (active) (146×)H2451 1. wisdom, discernment (146×)H5483b 1. horse (the animal) (138×)H0006 1. to perish, be destroyed (105×)H7843 1. Hifil: destroy, annihilate (83×)H2491a 1. slain, fatally pierced (74×)H6862c 1. adversary, enemy, foe (69×)H8045 1. destroy, exterminate (69×)G0615 1. kill, put to death (60×)H6571b 1. horseman, cavalryman (52×)H8077a 1. desolation, waste (abstract state) (52×)G4678 1. of wisdom (51×)G4717 1. crucify, fasten to a cross (46×)H2763a 1. utterly destroy (Hifil active) (44×)G0622 1. perish, be destroyed (intransitive) (41×)H0006 2. to destroy, annihilate (Piel) (38×)H8074 1. be desolate, lie waste (36×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† תֹּךְ ii. תּוֹךְ n.m. injury, oppression;—abs. תֹּךְ, + מִרְמָה ψ 10:7; 55:12 (so Gi; Baer תּוֹךְ); תּוֹךְ, + חָמָס (gloss) 72:14; pl. אִישׁ תְּכָכִים Pr 29:13 oppressor (𝔙 creditor; cf. אישׁ חמסים 2 S 22:49 ψ 140:2, 5).—i. תּוֹךְ v. תָּוֶךְ.