H8295 H8295
incise, scratch, cut (make marks on skin)
This verb means to make incisions, scratches, or cuts, typically in the skin. Leviticus 21:5 uses it in prohibiting priests from making 'cuttings' (incisions) in their flesh as mourning rites—typical pagan practices forbidden to Israelite clergy. Zechariah 12:3 shifts to metaphorical usage: those who burden themselves with the stone of Jerusalem 'will be severely scratched/lacerated'—injured by the attempt. The root relates to Aramaic and Akkadian words for slitting, rending, or marking. The Qal and Niphal forms both appear, with the Niphal in Zechariah emphasizing the passive reception of injury.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Make incisions or cuts in the flesh, or be cut/lacerated. Leviticus 21:5 prohibits priests from making 'cutting in their flesh'—ritual self-laceration associated with mourning rites banned under Mosaic law. Zechariah 12:3 (using doubled forms for intensity: 'cutting they shall be cut') warns that nations attempting to move Jerusalem 'will be severely lacerated'—injured by the burden. The multilingual glosses ('harán,' 'rasgarse,' 'cutting,' 'will be cut') confirm both the active sense (making incisions) and passive (being wounded), with contexts ranging from ritual prohibition to metaphorical injury. 3×
AR["تَجْرِيحًا", "يَتَجَرَّحُونَ", "يَخْدِشُوا"]·ben["আঁচড়াবে", "আঁচড়ে", "কাটবে"]·DE["[ישרטו]", "[שרוט]", "sie-soll-machen"]·EN["cutting", "they-shall-make", "will-be-cut"]·FR["Séraphim", "ils-devra-faire"]·heb["יישרטו", "ישרטו", "שרוט"]·HI["काटें", "घाव-लगाते-हुए", "वे-घायल-होंगे"]·ID["akan-terluka", "dengan-luka-luka", "mereka-membuat-sayatan"]·IT["[ישרטו]", "[שרוט]", "essi-dovra-fare"]·jav["dipun-iris", "ngiris", "sami-ngiris"]·KO["문신할-것이다-그들은", "받으리라-상처를", "찡김을-입으리라"]·PT["farão", "ferindo", "serão-feridos"]·RU["будут-разодраны", "делайте-надрезов", "разодраны"]·ES["harán", "rasgarse", "se-rasgarán"]·SW["watajikata", "watajikausha"]·TR["kesecekler", "yaralanacaklar", "yaralanarak"]·urd["زخمی-کرتے-ہوئے", "زخمی-ہوں-گے", "کاٹیں-گے"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H5046 2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim (79×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [שָׂרַט] vb. incise, scratch (NH id., so Aramaic סְרַט Pa (𝔗 1 S 21:14), ܣܪܰܛ, ܣܪܶܛ, scratch, hence write (= χαράσσω); Assyrian šarâṭu, slit up, rend; Arabic شَرَطَ slit ear of camel, شَرْطٌ, شَرَطٌ, sing, mark (RSK 214 f.);— Qal Impf. 3 mpl. c.acc. cogn. וּבִבְשָׂרָם לֹא יִשְׂרְטוּ שָׂרָ֑טֶת Lv 21:5 shall make no incision; Inf. abs. c. Niph. Impf. 3 mpl. שָׂרוֹט יִשָּׂרֵ֑טוּ Zc 12:3 those loaded with the stone shall be severely seratched, lacerated.