H7999b H7999b
To be at peace, make peace, fulfill, or be wholly devoted; from the root שׁלם expressing completeness, wholeness, and covenant harmony.
This denominative verb draws on the rich semantic field of שׁלם — wholeness, completeness, peace. In its Hifil form, it most often means to make peace with another party, as when the Gibeonites made peace with Israel (Josh 10:1, 4) or when Jehoshaphat was at peace with the king of Israel (1 Kgs 22:44). The Qal conveys a stative sense of being at peace or in covenant friendship, as in Job 22:21 ('be at peace with him') and Psalm 7:4 ('the one at peace with me'). A distinct Hifil nuance appears in Isaiah 44:26, where God 'fulfills' or brings to completion the word of his servant. The Pual participle in Isaiah 42:19 describes one who is devoted or wholehearted — the 'perfected one.' Spanish 'pacíficas' and 'cumple' neatly distinguish the peace and fulfillment senses.
1. Hifil/Hofal: make peace — Hifil and Hofal: to make peace, establish a covenant of peace, or have peace made. This is the dominant sense, covering military and political contexts such as Joshua 10:1 and 11:19, where Canaanite cities make peace with Israel. Deuteronomy 20:12 provides the negative case: a city that does not make peace. Spanish 'hizo paz' and 'hicieron paz' reflect the treaty-making character directly. 8×
AR["تُصالِحُكَ","تُصَالِحُ","صالَحوا","صالَحَت","صالَحَتْ","وَ-صالَحَ","وَ-صَالَحُوا","يُصالِحُ"]·ben["এবং-শান্তি-স্থাপন-করল","ও-সন্ধি-করলেন","শান্তি-করা-হবে","শান্তি-করেন","শান্তি-স্থাপন-করেছে","সন্ধি-করল","সে-শান্তি-স্থাপন-করেছে","সে-সন্ধি-করে"]·DE["[וישלימו]","der-Salomo","er-vergilt","es-hat-machte-Frieden","es-macht-Frieden","hatte-machte-Frieden","machte-Frieden","und-machte-Friede"]·EN["and-made-peace","are-at-peace","had-made-peace","it-has-made-peace","it-makes-peace","made-peace","makes-peace"]·FR["[וישלימו]","avait-fit-paix","cela-makes-paix","et-fit-paix","fit-paix","il-a-fit-paix","récompenser"]·heb["הושלמה","השלימה","השלימו","ו-השלים","ו-ישלימו","ישלים","תשלים"]·HI["और-शांति-बनाई","और-सन्धि-की","मेल-किया-गया-","शान्ति-कराता-है","संधि-करेगी","संधि-की","संधि-की-उसने","संधि-की-थी"]·ID["berdamai","dan-berdamai","dan-mereka-berdamai"]·IT["[וישלימו]","e-fece-pace","ebbe-fece-pace","esso-fa-pace","esso-ha-fece-pace","fece-pace","makes-pace","sono-a-pace"]·jav["damai","dipun-damaikan","lan-dados-tentrem","lan-damel-tentrem","piyambakipun-damai","rukun"]·KO["그리고-평화했다","그리고-화평했다","화평하게-하시느니라","화평하면","화평하였다","화평한","화평했다"]·PT["e-fizeram-paz","faz-paz","fazem-paz","fez-paz","fizer-paz","fizeram-paz","¶ E-fez-paz"]·RU["заключил-мир","заключили-мир","и-заключил-мир","и-заключили-мир","помирится","примиряет","умиротворена"]·ES["E-hizo-paz","e-hicieron-paz","hace-estar-en-paz","hace-paz","harán-paz","hicieron-paz","hizo-paz"]·SW["imefanya-amani","itafanya-amani","na-akafanya-amani","na-wakafanya-amani","ulifanya-amani","walifanya-amani","wamefanya-amani","wanafanya-amani"]·TR["barış-yaparsa","barış-yaptı","barış-yaptı-","barış-yaptılar","barıştırır","ve-barış-yaptı","ve-barış-yaptılar"]·urd["اور-صلح-کر-لی","اور-صلح-کی","صلح-پر-ہوں-گے","صلح-کراتا-ہے","صلح-کی","صلح-کی-اُس-نے","وہ-صلح-کرے"]
▼ 3 more senses below
Senses
2. Qal: be at peace — Qal stative and participial: to be at peace, to be in a state of peaceful covenant relationship. In Job 22:21, Eliphaz urges Job to 'be at peace' with God and receive good; in Psalm 7:4 David speaks of 'the one at peace with me,' his ally. The passive participle in 2 Samuel 20:19 describes the 'peaceable' faithful of Israel. Spanish 'pacíficas' captures the relational quality of this peace. 3×
AR["مُسَالِمِي","مِنَ-الْمُسَالِمِينَ","وَ-اسْلَمْ"]·ben["আমার-মিত্রকে","এবং-শান্তি-কর","শান্তিপ্রিয়"]·DE["[ושלם]","der-einer-bei-Friede-mit-mich","peaceable-von"]·EN["and-be-at-peace","peaceable-of","the-one-at-peace-with-me"]·FR["et-récompenser","payer","peaceable-de"]·heb["ו-שלם","שולמי","שלומי"]·HI["और-शांति-रख","मुझ-से-मेल-रखनेवाले-को","शांति-वाली"]·ID["damai","dan-damai-sejahtera","yang-damai-denganku"]·IT["e-e-essere-a-pace","fu-in-pace","peaceable-di"]·jav["ingkang-rukun-kalayan-kula","ingkang-tentrem","lan-tentrem"]·KO["그리고-평안하라","평화로운-자들의","화평-한-자-에게"]·PT["com-mal-ao-que-tinha-paz-comigo","e-tem-paz;","pacíficos"]·RU["и-будь-в-мире","мирному-со-мной","мирные"]·ES["al-que-estaba-en-paz-conmigo","de-las-pacíficas","y-ten-paz;"]·SW["miongoni-mwa-wenye-amani","mwenye-amani-nami","na-uwe-na-amani"]·TR["barışta-olana-benimle","barışçıl","ve-barış-bul"]·urd["اور-صلح کر","صلح-پسندوں-میں-سے","میرے-دوست-کے-ساتھ"]
3. Hifil: fulfill, complete — Hifil in a completive sense: to fulfill, accomplish, or bring to completion. Distinct from peace-making, this reflects the root meaning of wholeness or finishing. In Isaiah 44:26, God 'fulfills' (יַשְׁלִים) the word of his servant and completes the counsel of his messengers. Spanish 'cumple' precisely renders this fulfillment nuance. 1×
AR["يُتَمِّمُ"]·ben["সম্পূর্ণ-করি"]·DE["[ישלים]"]·EN["He-fulfills"]·FR["[ישלים]"]·heb["ישלים"]·HI["पूरी-करता-है"]·ID["Ia-menggenapi"]·IT["[ישלים]"]·jav["Panjenenganipun-njangkepi"]·KO["이루시며"]·PT["cumpre"]·RU["исполняющий"]·ES["cumple"]·SW["anakamilisha"]·TR["tamamlayan"]·urd["پورا-کرنے-والا"]
4. Pual: devoted, wholehearted — Pual passive participle: devoted, wholehearted, one who has been made whole or complete. In Isaiah 42:19, the LORD's servant is called מְשֻׁלָּם — the 'perfected' or 'devoted one.' Spanish 'el perfecto' highlights the completeness rather than peace, and scholarly debate on this form (some reading 'their ruler' with the LXX) underscores the interpretive richness of this rare usage. 1×
AR["كَالمُكْرَسِ"]·ben["সমর্পিতের-মতো"]·DE["[כמשלם]"]·EN["like-the-one-at-peace"]·FR["[כמשלם]"]·heb["כ-משולם"]·HI["जैसा-विश्वासपात्र"]·ID["seperti-yang-setia"]·IT["[כמשלם]"]·jav["kados-ingkang-setya"]·KO["같이-완전한-자"]·PT["como-o-recompensado"]·RU["как-посвящённый"]·ES["como-el-perfecto"]·SW["kama-aliyejitolea"]·TR["adanmis-gibi"]·urd["وقف-شدہ-کی-طرح"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [שָׁלַם] vb. denom. be in covenant of peace;— Qal Imv. שְׁלָ֑ם Jb 22:21 be at peace (in covt.); Pt. sf. שׁוֹלְמִי ψ 7:5 i.e. my ally, friend (cf. 41:10); Pt. pass. cstr. שְׁלֻמֵי 2 S 20:19, read שָׂמוּ EwG iii.264 Ges 130 f.N.4 Dr (cf. We). Pu. Pt. מְשֻׁלָּם Is 42:19 one in covt. of peace (with י׳; but 𝔊 משְׁלָם their ruler, so CheHpt; Ges Hi Ew al. one resigned (to God), read then מָשְׁלָם,…