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H7971 H7971
Conj-w  |  847× in 7 senses
send, dispatch; stretch out (hand); send away, dismiss, release; be sent; set fire to; expel, drive out
The verb שָׁלַח is the Hebrew Bible's primary word for sending — messengers, letters, plagues, and even the hand of God. Its 847 occurrences span nearly every narrative arc from Genesis to Malachi. In the Qal, it means to send or dispatch (Gen 8:7–12, the dove from the ark), but also to stretch out the hand in power or violence (Gen 22:10; Exod 3:20). The Piel intensifies into purposeful commissioning ('send away, dismiss, release'), governing the Exodus drama of Pharaoh's refusal to 'let go' (שַׁלַּח) Israel. A rare destructive sense — setting fire to a place — and forceful expulsion (Gen 3:23, the expulsion from Eden) complete this verb's wide semantic arc.
1. to send, dispatch (Qal) The basic Qal meaning 'to send, dispatch' (701x) — sending persons, messengers, gifts, or objects to a destination. Arabic أَرْسَلَ, Korean 보내다, Swahili kutuma, Hindi भेजा converge on directed purposeful movement. Genesis 8:7–12 (Noah sending the raven and dove) and Genesis 20:2 (Abraham sending Sarah) are paradigmatic early instances. This sense dominates the entire Hebrew narrative. 701×
MOVEMENT Linear Movement Sending and Dispatching
AR["فَ-أَرْسَلَ","فَ-أَرْسَلَتْ","فَأَرْسَلَ","وَ-أرسَلَت","وَ-أَرسَلَ","وَ-أَرْسَلَ","وَ-أَرْسَلَهُمْ"]·ben["আর-পাঠাল","আর-পাঠালেন","আর-পাঠালেন-তিনি","এবং-তিনি-পাঠালেন","এবং-পাঠাল","এবং-পাঠালেন","ও-পাঠাল","ও-পাঠালেন"]·DE["und-entsandte","und-er-sandte","und-sandte","und-sandte-aus","und-sie-sandte"]·EN["and-he-sent","and-sent","and-she-sent"]·FR["et-elle-envoya","et-envoya","et-il-envoya"]·heb["ו-ישלח","ו-שלח","ו-תשלח"]·HI["और-भेज","और-भेजा"]·ID["Dan-ia mengutus","Dan-ia-melepas","Dan-ia-mengutus","Dan-mengirim","Dan-mengirimlah","Dan-menyuruhlah","dan-dia-mengirim","dan-ia-melepas","dan-ia-menyuruh","dan-mengirim","dan-mengirim-pergi","dan-menyuruh"]·IT["e-egli-mandò","e-ella-mandò","e-mando","e-mandò"]·jav["Lan-Yakub-ngutus","Lan-ngintun","Lan-ngintunaken","Lan-ngirim","Lan-ngutus","Lan-paring-dhawuh","Lan-piyambakipun-ngintunaken","Lan-piyambakipun-ngutus","Sarta-ngutus","lan-ngutus","lan-paring-dhawuh","lan-piyambakipun-ngirim"]·KO["그리고-가져갔다","그리고-보내셨다","그리고-보냈다"]·PT["E-enviou","e-enviou"]·RU["И-послал","и-выпустил","и-отправил","и-послал","и-послала"]·ES["Y-envió","y-envió"]·SW["Loti","Na-akamtuma","Na-akatuma","Na-akawatuma","na-Isaaka-alipeleka","na-akamtuma","na-akatuma","na-akawatuma","na-alituma"]·TR["Ve-gönderdi","ve-gönderdi"]·urd["اور-بھیجا","اور-بھیجی","اور-بھیجے"]
▼ 6 more senses below

Senses
2. to send, dispatch (Piel) The Piel intensive 'send, dispatch' (63x) — purposeful commissioning of messengers, delegations, or communications with deliberate intent. Arabic أَرْسَلَ and Korean 보내다 maintain the same lexical field as sense 1. The Piel intensification often implies formal or repeated sending, as at Genesis 26:27 (Philistines sending Isaac away) and Exodus 8:32 (Pharaoh's repeated dispatching of messengers). 63×
MOVEMENT Linear Movement Sending and Dispatching
AR["أَرسَلَ","أَرْسَلَ","أَرْسَلَ-","صَرَفَ","وَ-أُرْسِلُ","وَأُرْسِلُ","يُطْلِقْ"]·ben["-এবং-আমি-পাঠাব","আর-আমি-পাঠাব","এবং-আমি-পাঠাব","এবং-পাঠাব","তিনি-পাঠিয়েছিলেন","তিনি-পাঠিয়েছিলেন-","পাঠাল","পাঠালেন","পাঠিয়ে-দিলেন","বিদায়-দিলেন","সে-পাঠিয়ে-দিল"]·DE["er-sandte","sandte","und-ich-sandte","und-ich-wird-senden","und-sandte","und-senden"]·EN["and-I-shall-send","and-I-will-send","and-I-will-send-","has-sent-out","he-sent"]·FR["Schélach","envoyer","et-envoyer","et-je-fera-envoyer","il-enverra","il-envoya"]·heb["ו-השלחתי","ו-שילחתי","ו-שלחתי","ו-שלחתי-","ישלח","ישלח-","שילח","שלח"]·HI["उसने-भेजा","उसने-भेजी-","उसने-भेजे","और-भेजूँगा","और-भेजूँगा-मैं","और-भेजूंगा","और-मैं-भेजूंगा","और-मैं-भेजूंगा-","भेजा"]·ID["Dan-Aku-akan-mengirim","Dia-melepaskan-","Dia-mengirim","dan-Aku-akan-mengirim","dan-Aku-akan-mengirim-","dan-Aku-akan-mengirimkan","dan-Aku-akan-mengutus","ia-melepaskan","ia-suruh-pulang","melepaskan","memulangkan","mengirim","menyuruh-pergilah-ia"]·IT["Shelach","e-io-fara-mandare","e-io-mandai","e-mandare","egli-mandò","mandare","mandera'"]·jav["Lan-Kawula-ngutus","Panjenengan-sampun-ngirim","Panjenengan-sampun-ngirim-","lan-Ingsun-ngutus-","lan-Kawula-badhe-ngutus","lan-Kawula-ngirim","lan-Kawula-ngutus","ngeculaken","ngirimaken","nglilani-késah","ngluwari","nglèpasaken","nguculi","ngutus","panjenenganipun-ngutus"]·KO["그가-보내지-않았다","그리고-나는-보낼것이다","그리고-내가-보내겠다","그리고-보내겠다-내가-","그리고-보내리라","그리고-보낼-것이다","보내셨나이다","보냈느냐","보냈다"]·PT["E-enviarei","Enviou","despediu","e-enviarei","e-enviarei-","enviou"]·RU["и-пошлю","и-пошлю-","отпустил","послал-Он"]·ES["Envió","Envió-","Y-enviaré","despidió","envió","y-enviaré"]·SW["Alituma","Na-nitatuma","Na-nitawapeleka","alimwachia","alituma","aliwaacha","aliwaaga","mmemwacha","na-nitapeleka","na-nitatuma","na-nitatuma-","na-nitawatuma","waacha"]·TR["Ve-göndereceğim","adam","gönderdi","saldı","ve-göndereceğim","ve-göndereceğim-","ve-salacağım","ve-yollayacağım"]·urd["اور-بھیجوں-گا","اور-میں-بھیجوں-گا","بھیجا","بھیجا-اس-نے","بھیجا-اُس-نے","بھیجیں","رخصت-کیا","روانہ-کیا","چھوڑا"]
3. to stretch out, extend (Qal) Qal with יָד as object: 'to stretch out, extend the hand' (40x). Arabic مَدَّ, Korean 내밀다, Swahili kunyoosha mark a clear semantic departure from 'send.' Genesis 3:22 ('lest he stretch out his hand'), Genesis 22:10 (Abraham stretching out his hand for the knife), and Exodus 3:20 ('I will stretch out my hand') show this gesture of power, violence, or intent. The hand becomes the semantic signal distinguishing this sense. 40×
MOVEMENT Linear Movement Going Out and Forth
AR["أن-أمُدَّ","أَنْ-تَمُدَّ","فَـ-مَدَّ","فَمَدَّ","لِـ-يَمُدُّوا","وَ-أَرْسَلَ","وَ-مَدَّ"]·ben["আর-প্রসারিত-করল","আর-প্রসারিত-করলেন","আর-বাড়াল","আর-বাড়িয়ে-দিল","এবং-তিনি-পাঠালেন","এবং-প্রসারিত-করলেন","এবং-বাড়াল","এবং-বাড়ালেন","ও-প্রসারিত-করলেন","ও-বাড়িয়ে-দিল","প্রসারিত-করতে","বাড়াতে","বাড়ানো"]·DE["und-He-streckte-aus-heraus","und-er-reached","und-er-sandte","und-er-streckte-aus","und-er-streckte-aus-heraus","und-er-streckte-heraus","und-es-streckte-aus","und-streckte-aus","und-streckte-aus-heraus","und-streckte-heraus","zu-strecke-aus-heraus"]·EN["And-stretched-out","and-He-sent-forth","and-He-stretched-out","and-he-reached","and-he-stretched-out","and-stretched-forth","and-stretched-out","to-stretch-out"]·FR["et-Il-étendit-dehors","et-envoyer","et-il-atteignit","et-il-envoya","et-il-étendit-dehors","et-étendit-dehors","à-étends-dehors"]·heb["ו-ישלח","ו-שלח","ל-שלוח"]·HI["और-उसने-बढ़ाया","और-बढ़ाया","और-बधाया","बढ़ाने-को","भधन","भेजना","भेजने-के-लिए","वय्यिश्लख"]·ID["Dan-Dia-mengulurkan","Dan-TUHAN-mengulurkan","Dan-mengulurkan-lah","dan-dia-mengulurkan","dan-ia-mengulurkan","dan-mengulurkan","mengulurkan","untuk-mengulurkan"]·IT["a-stendi-fuori","e-He-stese-fuori","e-egli-reached","e-egli-stese-fuori","e-mandare","e-mando","e-stese-fuori"]·jav["Lajeng-ngirimaken","Lan-Panjenenganipun-mulungaken","Lan-mulungaken","Lan-ngulungaken","Lan-njangkau","kangge-ngulungaken","lan-Yéhuwah-ngulungaken","lan-mulungaken","lan-ngulungaken","lan-nguluraken","ngulungaken"]·KO["그-와-내밀었다","그리고-그가-내밀었다","그리고-내미셨다","그리고-내밀었다","그리고-뼈었다","그리고-뼉았다","그리고-뼋었다","그리고-뽐었다","그리고-뽑았다","그리고-뽑었다","그리고-뽰았다","내밀으려고","보내기를","뻗기를"]·PT["E-estendeu","e-estendeu","estender","para-estender"]·RU["И-простёр","и-простёр","и-протянул","простереть","протянуть"]·ES["Y-extendió","de-extender","extender","y-extendió"]·SW["Na-Ibrahimu-akaunyoosha","Na-akatuma","akanyosha","kunyoosha","kutuma","na-akanyoosha","na-akanyosha","na-akatoa","na-akatuma","na-alinyoosha"]·TR["-uzatmak","Ve-uzattı","uzatmaktan","ve-uzatti","ve-uzattı"]·urd["اور-بڑھایا","بڑھانا","بڑھانے-سے","بڑھانے-کو"]
4. to send away, dismiss, release (Piel) Piel meaning 'send away, dismiss, let go, release' (34x) — often of divorcing a wife, freeing slaves, or releasing captives. Arabic أَطْلَقَ/صَرَفَ, Korean 보내다 with directional 'away,' and French 'envoie-moi' capture the separative force. Genesis 18:16 (Abraham sending off the angels), Genesis 31:27 (Laban's complaint about Jacob's departure), and the Exodus refrain of Pharaoh refusing to 'let the people go' are central. 34×
PHYSICAL_ACTION Physical Impact Striking and Reference
AR["أَرْسَلَ","أَطلَقوا","أَطْلَقوا","أَطْلَقُوهُمْ","أَطْلِقْنِي","أُطْلِقُ-كَ","أُطْلِقُكَ","إِطْلَاقًا","تُطْلِقُنِي","فَأَرْسَلَهُ","فَأَطْلَقَهُمْ","كَ-إِطْلَاقِهِ","وَ-أَرْسَلَهُ","وَ-أَصْرِفُ-كَ","وَ-صَرَفَ","وَأَرسَلَهُم","وَيُطْلِقُهَا","يُطْلِقُهُمْ"]·ben["আর-পাঠাতাম-তোমাকে","আর-পাঠালেন","আর-পাঠিয়ে-দিল","আর-বিদায়-করেছিলেন-তাকে","এবং-তাদের-পাঠিয়ে-দিলেন","এবং-পাঠায়-তাকে","এবং-পাঠিয়ে-দিলেন-তাঁকে","এবং-পাঠিয়ে-দিলেন-তাদের","ছাড়ব-তোমাকে","ছেড়ে-দিয়েছে","ছেড়ে-দেব-তোমাকে","তার-পাঠানোয়","পাঠানো","পাঠাবে-তাদের","পাঠিয়ে-দিয়েছিল","পাঠিয়ে-দিল","বিদায়-দাও-আমাকে","বিদায়-দিলেন"]·DE["als-er-sends","du-muss-sende-mich","er-sandte-weg","er-wird-senden-ihnen","sandte","sende-mich","sendet","sending-weg","sie-sandte-weg","und-er-entließ","und-er-sandte","und-er-sandte-ihn","und-er-sandte-ihnen-weg","und-ich-hätte-dich-entlassen","und-senden","und-sends-ihr","werde-ich-dich-loslassen","wird-sende-du-weg"]·EN["I-will-let-you-go","and-I-would-have-sent-you","and-he-sent","and-he-sent-him","and-he-sent-him-away","and-he-sent-them-away","and-sends-her","he-sent-away","he-will-send-them","send-me","sending-away","they-cast-off","they-sent-away","they-sent-free","when-he-sends","will-send-you-away","you-must-send-me"]·FR["Je---que-tu-aller","envoie-moi","envoyer","et-Je-aurait-avoir-envoya-tu","et-envoyer","et-il-envoya","et-il-envoya-eux-au-loin","et-il-envoya-lui","et-sends-sa","fera-envoie-tu-au-loin","il---envoyer-eux","il-envoya-au-loin","ils-envoya-au-loin","quand-il-sends","sending-away","tu-doit-envoie-moi"]·heb["אשלחך","ו-ישלח-הו","ו-ישלח-ם","ו-ישלחהו","ו-ישלחם","ו-שילחה","ו-שלח","ו-שלח-ך","וַ-יְשַׁלַּח","ישלחם","כ-שלחו","שילח","שילחו","שלח","שלח-ך","שלחני","תשלחני"]·HI["और-भेज-दिया-उन्हें","और-भेज-दिया-उसे","और-भेज-देता-मैं-तुझे","और-भेजा","और-भेजा-उसे","और-भेजेगा-उसे","छोड़-दिया","छोड़-दिया।","छोड़ा-था-उन्होंने","छोड़ूँगा-तुझे","जब-भेजेगा","जाने-दूँगा-तुझे","भेज-मुझे","भेजना","भेजेगा-तू-मुझे","वयश्ल्लखेम","वह-भेजेगा-उन्हें","विदा-किया"]·ID["Dan-ia-melepas","akan-melepaskanmu","aku-akan-melepaskan-mu","biarkanlah aku pergi","dan-dia-melepaskan-mereka","dan-dikirimnya","dan-ia-melepasnya","dan-melepaskannya","dan-mengirim","dan-menyuruh-mereka-pergi","ia-akan-melepaskan-mereka","ia-melepaskan","ketika-dia-melepaskan","maka-aku-akan-mengantar-mu","melepaskan","melepaskanlah-mereka","mereka lepaskan","mereka-membebaskan"]·IT["e-egli-mandò","e-egli-mandò-loro-via","e-egli-mandò-lui","e-io-would-avere-mandò-tu","e-mandare","e-sends-lei","egli-mandò-via","egli-will-mandare-loro","essi-mandò-via","io-will-let-tu-andare","manda-me","mandare","mandate","quando-egli-sends","sending-via","tu-deve-manda-me","vorrà-manda-tu-via"]·jav["Lan-ngutus","Ngluwari","badhé-nglèpasaken-piyambakipun","kawula-badhé-ngeculaken-Panjenengan","kawula-mugi-dipunlilani","kula-badhé-nglèpèhaken-panjenengan","lan-dipun-kengken","lan-ngluwari-piyambakipun","lan-nglèpasi-piyambakipun","lan-nglèrèaken","lan-nglépasaken-piyambakipun","lan-ngutus","mugi-nglilani-kawula","nalika-piyambakipun-nglilani-késah","nglilani","ngluwari","piyambak-ipun-ngeculaken","piyambakipun-ngutus","supados-kawula-nguntapaken-panjenengan"]·KO["그가-보낼-것이다-그들을","그가-보낼-때","그들이-보낸","그들이-보냈다","그들이-풀었다","그리고-보내리라-그녀를","그리고-보내주었다-그를","그리고-보내주었으리라-나는-너를","그리고-보냈다","그리고-보냈다-그들-을","그리고-보냈다-그들을","그리고-보냈으므로-그를","당신을-보내지","반드시","보내겠다-너를","보내었다","보내주옵소서"]·PT["Deixa-me-ir","ao-enviar-ele","despediu","e-a-despedirá","e-despediu-o","e-despediu-os","e-enviaria-te","e-enviou","e-enviou-o","enviaram","enviarei-te","enviará-os","me-despedirás","soltaram","¶ certamente-soltar"]·RU["Отпуская","и-отпустил","и-отпустил-бы-я-тебя","и-отпустил-его","и-отпустил-их","и-отпустит-её","когда-отпустит-он","отпусти-меня","отпустил","отпустили","отпустит-он-их","отпущу-тебя"]·ES["Dejar-ir","Y-despidió","cuando-envíe-él","dejaron-ir","despidió","despídeme","enviaron","los-enviará","me-despedirás","soltaron","soltaré-te","te-enviaré","y-despidió","y-enviaría-te","y-la-despida","y-lo-despidió","y-lo-envió","y-los-despidió"]·SW["akamwacha","akawaacha","akawaaga","atakapowaacha","atawaacha","kuachia","na-akamwacha-aende","na-akatomeza","na-akawaruhusu","na-akawaruhusu-kwenda","na-atamfukuza","na-ningekuondoa","niache-niende","nitakuacha-uende","nitakuachia","waliwaacha","waliwaruhusu","wameiacha"]·TR["Ve-gönderdi","bırak-beni","bırakacağım-seni","bırakmışlardı","bıraktılar","gönderdi","gönderdiğinde-","gönderecek-onları","salacağım-seni","salarak","saldılar","ve-gonderdi-onlari","ve-gönderdi","ve-gönderdi-onları","ve-gönderdi-onu","ve-gönderirdim-seni","ve-salacak-onu","ve-salarsa-onu"]·urd["اور-اُس-نے-اُسے-رخصت-کیا","اور-اُنہیں-رخصت-کیا","اور-بھیج-دیا-اسے","اور-بھیج-دے-اُسے","اور-رخصت-کیا","اور-میں-رخصت-کرتا-تجھے","بھیجتے-وقت-جب","بھیجے-گا-انہیں","رخصت-دے-مجھے","رخصت-کیا","رہا-کروں-گا-تجھے","ضرور-","چھوڑ-دیا","چھوڑ-دیا-تھا","چھوڑوںگا-میں-تجھے"]
5. to be sent (Qal passive / Pual) Passive voice (Qal passive participle or Pual) meaning 'to be sent, to be let loose' (5x). Arabic مُرْسَلٌ, Korean 보내지다, Swahili kutumwa confirm the passive transformation. Genesis 44:3 ('the men were sent away'), Genesis 49:21 ('Naphtali is a doe let loose'), and 1 Kings 14:6 ('I am sent to you') show both literal dispatch and poetic release.
MOVEMENT Linear Movement Sending and Dispatching
AR["أُرْسِلُوا","مُرْسَلٌ","مُرْسَلَةٌ"]·ben["পাঠানো-হল","পাঠিয়েছিল","প্রেরিত","মুক্ত"]·DE["am-sandte","losgelassen","senden","wurden-weggeschickt"]·EN["am-sent","let-loose","sent","was-sent","were-sent-away"]·FR["am-envoya","envoyer","que-délier","étaient-envoya-au-loin"]·heb["שלוח","שלח"]·HI["छुड़ाई-हुई","भेजा-गया","भेजा-हूँ","भेजे-गए"]·ID["dilepaskan","diutus","yang-dilepaskan"]·IT["am-mandò","furono-mandò-away","let-sciogliere","mandare"]·jav["dipun-utus","dipun-utus-kesah","ingkang-kabebasaken","kautus"]·KO["보내졌다","보내진다","보냄-짐다","보냄을-받았다","풀려난"]·PT["enviado","foram-enviados","solta"]·RU["были-посланы","выпущенная","отосланы-были","послан","посланный"]·ES["enviado","fueron-enviados","suelta"]·SW["alitumwa","kula-waliochukuliwa","nimetumwa","umetumwa","walituma"]·TR["gönderildi","gönderildiler","gönderilen","gönderilmiş","salınmış"]·urd["آزاد","بھیجا","بھیجا-جاتا-ہے","بھیجا-گیا-ہوں","رخصت-کیے-گئے"]
6. sense 6 A destructive use meaning 'to set (fire to), send fire into' (2x). English 'set/they-have-set,' Spanish quemaron 'they burned,' and French placer suggest placing fire. Judges 20:48 (Israelites setting fire to Benjaminite cities) and Psalm 74:7 ('they have set your sanctuary on fire') employ שָׁלַח with אֵשׁ 'fire' as object, yielding a violent conflagrative sense within the GEOGRAPHY/SPACE domain.
GEOGRAPHY_SPACE Existence in Space Placing and Laying
AR["أَرْسَلُوا","أَشْعَلوا"]·ben["তারা-পাঠিয়েছে","পাঠিয়ে-দিল"]·DE["sandte","setzen"]·EN["set","they-have-set"]·FR["envoyer","placer"]·heb["שילחו"]·HI["भेजा-उन्होंने"]·ID["Mereka-melemparkan","mereka-membakar"]·IT["mando'","porre"]·jav["Tiyang-tiyang-nglabuhaken","piyambakipun-sedaya-nglépas"]·KO["불살랐나이다","불태웠다"]·PT["Lançaram","enviaram"]·RU["предали","сожгли"]·ES["Enviaron","quemaron"]·SW["Wameteketeza","wakateketeza"]·TR["ateşe-verdiler"]·urd["اُنہوں-نے-جلایا","جلایا"]
7. to send out, expel, drive out (Piel) Piel meaning 'to expel, drive out, cast out' with forceful connotation (2x). Arabic أَخْرَجَ/طَرَدَ, Korean 내보내다, Swahili kufukuza mark stronger compulsion than mere dismissal. Genesis 3:23 — God expelling Adam from the Garden of Eden — is the archetype: not a polite sending but an irreversible banishment. 2 Kings 8:12 extends this to violent military expulsion.
MOVEMENT Linear Movement Going Out and Forth
AR["تُرْسِلُ","وَ-أَخْرَجَهُ"]·ben["আর-পাঠালেন-তাকে","পাঠাবে"]·DE["du-wird-setzte","und-sandte-ihn-weg"]·EN["And-sent-him-out","you-will-set"]·FR["Et-envoya-lui-dehors","tu-fera-plaça"]·heb["ו-שלח-ו","תשלח"]·HI["और-निकाला-उसे","तशल्लख"]·ID["Maka-mengusir-dia","engkau-akan-membakar"]·IT["And-mandò-lui-fuori","tu-vorrà-pose"]·jav["lan-ngutus-piyambakipun","panjenengan-badhé-ngenthon"]·KO["그리고-내보내셨다","네가-보낼-것이다"]·PT["E-enviou-o","enviarás"]·RU["И-выслал-его","пошлёшь"]·ES["Y-lo-envió","enviarás"]·SW["Na-akamtoa","utaziteketeza"]·TR["Ve-gönderdi-onu","yakacaksın"]·urd["اور-نکالا-اُسے","جلائے-گا"]

BDB / Lexicon Reference
I. שָׁלַח814 vb. send (NH id.; Ecclus 48:18 +; Aramaic שְׁלַח, ܫܠܰܚ, SoBuhl BaES 41 cp. Arabic سَرَحَ (r = l), send forth, drive cattle to pasture, send messenger, etc., but then diff. √ for i. שֶׁלַח, Arabic سِلَاحٌ, سِلَحٌ weapon; Assyrian prob. šalû (send, hurl?), whence tešlîtu, command);— Qal562 Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Gn 42:4 +, 2 ms. sf. שְׁלַחְתָּ֑נִי Ex 5:22, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁלַח Gn 3:22 +,