H7966 H7966
requital, retribution, recompense (both reward and punishment)
This noun denotes the act of paying back what is owed, whether as punishment or reward. It appears in prophetic contexts announcing divine judgment (Isaiah 34:8 calls it 'the year of recompense for the controversy of Zion,' parallel to 'vengeance') and in Hosea 9:7 warning that 'the days of recompense have come.' The darker sense of judicial retribution dominates, though Micah 7:3 shifts to human corruption where judges take bribes as their 'recompense.' The Spanish and English glosses ('retribución,' 'recompense,' 'bribe') reflect this dual possibility of legitimate payment versus corrupt reward.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Primarily used for God's retributive justice. Isaiah 34:8 pairs 'the year of recompense' with 'the day of vengeance,' indicating divine settling of accounts. Hosea 9:7 announces 'the days of recompense have come' (parallel to 'visitation')—a time when God repays Israel for covenant violation. Micah 7:3 shows the human perversion: judges who should execute justice instead seek 'the bribe' (recompense for themselves). The evidence across languages confirms this word encompasses both legitimate requital and corrupt payoff, always with the sense of settling what is owed. 3×
AR["الجَزاءِ", "بِ-الرَّشْوَةِ", "مُجَازَاةٍ"]·ben["প্রতিদানের", "প্রতিদানের-সেই-", "মূল্যে-"]·DE["[בשלום]", "[השלם]", "[שלומים]"]·EN["for-bribe", "of-recompense", "the-recompense"]·FR["[שלומים]", "rétribution"]·heb["ב-שילום", "ה-שילום", "שילומים"]·HI["बदले-का", "बदले-के", "बदले-में"]·ID["dengan-imbalan", "pembalasan", "pembayaran"]·IT["[בשלום]", "[השלם]", "[שלומים]"]·jav["kalayan-ganjaran", "males", "pamales"]·KO["갚음의", "보상의", "에-보상-으로"]·PT["a-retribuição", "por-recompensa", "retribuições"]·RU["воздаяния", "возмездия", "за-плату"]·ES["de-retribuciones", "la-retribución", "por-pago"]·SW["kwa-rushwa", "malipo", "wa-malipo"]·TR["karşılığın", "odemelerinin", "ödemeyle-o"]·urd["بدلے-کے", "قیمت-کے-لیے"]
Related Senses
H4941 1. justice, righteousness (134×)H4941 2. judgment, judicial decision (119×)H4941 3. ordinances, statutes (plural) (110×)H8199 1. to judge, adjudicate (98×)G2919 1. judge, pass judgment (76×)H8199 2. judge (person, office-holder) (61×)G2920 1. judgment / condemnation (48×)H7378 1. Qal: quarrel, contend, strive (42×)H4941 4. prescribed ordinance, regulation (34×)G1832 1. it is lawful, it is permitted (32×)G2917 1. judgment, condemnation (27×)G2919 2. be judged, stand trial (27×)H5360 1. vengeance, retribution (27×)H7378 2. Qal: plead, defend, litigate (22×)G2723 1. accuse, bring charges against (20×)G2923 1. judge (one who judges/decides) (19×)G2632 1. condemn, pass judgment against (18×)H1777 1. judge, adjudicate (18×)H1576 1. recompense, retribution (17×)H5359 1. vengeance, retribution (17×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† שִׁלּוּם Mi 7:3, שִׁלֻּם Ho 9:7, n.[m.] requital;—pl. שִׁלּוּמִים Is 34:8;— 1. requital, retribution, יְמֵי הַשׁ׳ Ho 9:7 (‖ פְּקֻדָּה); שְׁנַת שׁ׳ Is 34:8 (‖ נָקָם). 2. reward, bribe Mi 7:3 שֹׁפֵט בַּשׁ׳.