H7481 H7481
To thunder or roar; of God producing thunder as a theophanic display, of the sea roaring in praise, or of faces trembling in agitation.
A verb whose primary meaning centers on the deep, resonant sound of thunder. In the Hifil stem, it describes God thundering from heaven as an act of power and judgment, as when the LORD thundered against the Philistines at Mizpah (1 Sam 7:10) or when the voice of the LORD thunders over the waters (Ps 29:3). In the Qal, the sea itself is invited to roar and thunder in exuberant praise (Ps 96:11; 98:7). An extended sense appears in Ezekiel 27:35, where the faces of onlookers at Tyre's fall are 'troubled' or convulsed, and in 1 Samuel 1:6 where Peninnah provokes Hannah to trembling distress. The Spanish and French renderings ('tronó,' 'tonna') preserve the onomatopoeic thunder imagery, while 'se perturbaron' captures the emotional extension.
Senses
1. Hifil: to thunder — The Hifil causative: God causes thunder or thunders forth. This is the most frequent sense, spanning theophanic contexts where divine thunder signals power, judgment, or cosmic authority. At Mizpah (1 Sam 7:10) the LORD thundered and routed the Philistines; in Psalm 29:3 the 'voice of the LORD' thunders over the waters. Spanish 'tronó' and French 'tonna' both echo the onomatopoeic force of the Hebrew. 8×
AR["أَرْعَدَ", "تُرْعِدُ.", "رَعَدَ", "فَأَرْعَدَ", "وَ-أَرْعَدَ", "يُرْعِدُ"]·ben["এবং-গর্জন-করলেন", "গর্জন-করলেন", "গর্জন-করেছেন", "তিনি-বজ্র-করেন", "তুমি-বজ্র-করো", "বজ্র-করেন", "বজ্রাঘাত-করবেন"]·DE["He-thunders", "[ירעם]", "[תרעם]", "thundered", "thunders", "und-er-thundered", "und-thundered"]·EN["He-thunders", "and-he-thundered", "and-thundered", "can-you-thunder", "he-thunders", "thundered", "thunders"]·FR["Il-thunders", "et-il-tonna", "et-tonner", "le-tonner", "tonna", "tonner"]·heb["הרעים", "ו-ירעם", "ירעם", "תרעם"]·HI["और-गरजा", "गरजता-है", "गरजा", "गरजेगा", "तू-गरजता-है"]·ID["Dan-menggelegar", "Dia-menggelegar", "Ia menggelegar", "Menggelegar", "dan-menggemuruhlah", "engkau menggelegar", "menggelegar"]·IT["He-tuoni", "can-voi-thunder", "e-egli-thundered", "e-tuono'", "egli-thunders", "thundered", "thunders", "tuono'"]·jav["Gludhug", "Gumludhug", "Panjenengan-ipun-gludhug", "Panjenengan-saged-gumrodog?", "Saha-gludhug", "gludhug", "gumludhug", "lan-gludug"]·KO["그가-천둥치신다", "그리고-천둥치게-하셨다", "그리고-천둥치셨도다", "네가-천둥치겠느냐", "천둥-침다", "천둥치셨도다", "천둥치신다", "천둥친다"]·PT["E-trovejou", "Troveja", "Trovejou", "e-trovejou", "troveja", "trovejará", "trovejas?"]·RU["возгремел", "гремит", "загремел", "загремит", "загремишь", "и-возгремел"]·ES["Tronó", "Truena", "tronará", "truena", "truenas", "y-tronó"]·SW["Na-alinguruma", "alipiga-ngurumo", "ananguruma", "atanguruma", "na-akanguruma", "utatoa-ngurumo"]·TR["Gürülder", "gürledi", "gürleyecek", "gürülder", "gürüldersen", "ve-gürledi"]·urd["اور-گرجا", "تو-گرج-سکتا-ہے", "وہ گرجتا ہے", "وہ-گرجے-گا", "گرجا", "گرجتا ہے", "گرجتا-ہے"]
2. Qal: to roar, thunder — The Qal intransitive: the sea or nature roars, thunders, makes a great rumbling sound in praise. Found exclusively in the creation-praise psalms (Ps 96:11; 98:7; 1 Chr 16:32) where the sea joins in acclaiming the LORD alongside rejoicing, clapping, and singing. Spanish 'brame' and German 'lass-brüllen' reflect the roaring, bellowing quality of this sound. 3×
AR["يَرْعَدُ", "يَرْعُدُ"]·ben["গর্জন-করুক"]·DE["[ירעם]", "lass-brüllen"]·EN["let-roar", "let-thunder"]·FR["[ירעם]", "tonner"]·heb["ירעם"]·HI["गरजे"]·ID["Bergemuruh", "bergemuruh", "biarlah-bergemuruh"]·IT["[ירעם]", "tuono'"]·jav["Gumuruh", "Mugi-gumuruh", "mugi-gumuruh"]·KO["우레처럼-울리라", "천둥하라"]·PT["Brame", "Troveje", "brame"]·RU["Да-возгремит", "да-гремит", "да-шумит"]·ES["Brame", "brame"]·SW["na-ingurume", "na-liningurume"]·TR["Gürlesin", "gümbürdelesin", "gümbürdesin"]·urd["گرجے"]
3. Qal: to be troubled, agitated — A Qal stative use meaning to be troubled, agitated, or convulsed, attested once in Ezekiel 27:35 where the faces of kings witnessing Tyre's catastrophic fall are described as trembling. BDB notes the etymology is debated; the LXX and Syriac suggest an emendation to 'their faces wept.' Spanish 'se perturbaron' captures the emotional disturbance well. 1×
AR["ارْتَعَدَتْ"]·ben["ভীত-হয়েছে"]·DE["[רעמו]"]·EN["are-troubled"]·FR["tonner"]·heb["רעמו"]·HI["कांपे"]·ID["muram"]·IT["[רעמו]"]·jav["sami-ewah"]·KO["사나웠다"]·PT["se-perturbaram"]·RU["исказились"]·ES["se-perturbaron"]·SW["wamepauka"]·TR["bozuldular"]·urd["فق-ہوئے"]
4. Hifil: to cause to tremble, provoke — The Hifil in a transferred emotional sense: to cause someone to tremble or to provoke agitation. Attested once in 1 Samuel 1:6, where Peninnah provokes Hannah to distress over her barrenness. The multilingual glosses ('making her tremble,' 'hacerla irritar') show translators reading this as deliberate, causative emotional torment rather than meteorological thunder. 1×
AR["إِرْعَادِهَا"]·ben["তাকে-বিরক্ত-করার"]·DE["machend-ihr-tremble"]·EN["making-her-tremble"]·FR["faisant-sa-tremble"]·heb["הרעימה"]·HI["रोने-के-लिए"]·ID["mengejeknya"]·IT["facendo-lei-trema"]·jav["damel-duka-piyambakipun"]·KO["성나게하다-그녀-를"]·PT["fazê-la-trovear"]·RU["раздражить-её"]·ES["hacerla-irritar"]·SW["kumkasirisha"]·TR["üzmek-için-onu"]·urd["چڑھانے-کو-اُسے"]
Related Senses
H4325 1. water, waters (582×)H6965b 1. Qal: to rise, arise, get up (432×)H2091 1. gold (the metal) (389×)H0068 1. stone, rock (material/object) (267×)G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H5178a 1. bronze/copper as metal (131×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H6083 1. dust, dry earth, soil (108×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8313 1. burn, set fire to (94×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2734 1. anger was kindled (82×)G5204 1. water (80×)H2822 1. darkness, absence of light (80×)G5457 1. light (illumination) (71×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [רָעַם] vb.denom. thunder;— Qal make the sound of thunder, thunder: Impf. 3 ms. יִרְעַם let the sea thunder (in praise, ‖ שׂמח, גיל, עלז, הריע, מחא כף, רנן) ψ 96:11 = 1 Ch 16:32, ψ 98:7.—Pf. 3 pl. רָֽעֲמוּ פָּנִים Ez 27:35 is dub.: faces tremble (Toy are convulsed), or they tremble (cf. Hi-Sm Krae; AV RV are troubled) in face, lacks etym. support (otherwise Gerber47, but v. √ supr.); 𝔊 𝔖 Co…