H7411b H7411b
Piel: to deceive, beguile, or deal treacherously with someone; also one Qal occurrence meaning 'raised, high'
The Piel of this root denotes interpersonal deception and betrayal -- the bitter surprise of discovering you have been tricked. Laban's deception of Jacob on his wedding night (Gen 29:25) sets the pattern: 'Why have you beguiled me?' The same verb appears when Saul's wife Michal helps David escape (1 Sam 19:17), when the witch of Endor realizes she has been misled (1 Sam 28:12), and when the Gibeonites' ruse is exposed (Josh 9:22). Hindi 'dhokha diya' and Arabic 'khadaa' both center on betrayal of trust. A single Qal participial form in Num 15:30, meaning 'with a raised hand' (i.e., defiantly), likely belongs to the homonymous root meaning 'be high.'
Senses
1. deceive, beguile, deal treacherously — Piel: to deceive, beguile, mislead, or deal treacherously with someone. Always interpersonal and always involving a breach of trust or expectation. Key passages include Laban's wedding-night deception of Jacob (Gen 29:25), the Gibeonites' treaty ruse (Josh 9:22), Michal's concealment of David (1 Sam 19:17), and the betrayal lamented in Lam 1:19. Multilingual evidence -- Spanish 'engañaste,' French 'tromper' -- uniformly points to deliberate deception. 8×
AR["خَدَعتَني", "خَدَعتُمونا", "خَدَعَ", "خَدَعَنِي", "خَدَعُونِي", "خَدَعْتَنِي", "خَدَعْتِنِي", "لِتَخْدَعُونِي"]·ben["-আমাকে-বিশ্বাসঘাতকতা-করতে", "আমাকে-ঠকিয়েছ", "আমাকে-ঠকিয়েছে", "প্রতারণা-করলে", "প্রতারণা-করেছে-আমাকে", "প্রতারিত-করেছ", "যে-প্রতারণা-করে"]·DE["Wurm", "[לרמותני]", "[רמוני]", "deceived-mich", "habe-du-deceived-mich", "hast-du-mich-betrogen", "tat-du-betruegen", "tat-du-deceive-mich"]·EN["deceived-me", "did-you-deceive", "did-you-deceive-me", "have-you-deceived-me", "to-betray-me", "who-deceives", "you-deceived-me"]·FR["[לרמותני]", "[רמוני]", "ai-tu-trompa-moi", "fit-tu-trompe-moi", "fit-tu-tromper", "trompa-moi", "tu-trompa-moi", "רמה"]·heb["ל-רמותני-י", "רימה", "רימוני", "רימית-ני", "רימיתם", "רימנ-י", "רמיתני-י"]·HI["धोक-दिय-मुझे", "धोखा-दिया-तुमने", "धोखा-दिया-मुझे", "धोखा-देता", "धोखा-देने-मुझे", "मुझे-धोखा-दिया"]·ID["engkau menipu aku", "engkau-menipuku", "kamu-menipu", "kamu-menipuku", "menipuku", "untuk-menipu-aku", "yang-menipu"]·IT["[לרמותני]", "[רמוני]", "avere-tu-ingannò-me", "chi-deceives", "fece-tu-deceive", "fece-tu-inganna-me", "ingannò-me", "tu-ingannò-me"]·jav["kang-ngapusi", "kanggé-ngkhianati-kawula", "ngapusi-kawula", "ngapusi-kula", "nipu-kawula", "panjenengan-apus", "panjenengan-ngapusi-kula"]·KO["나-를-속였네", "속였나이다-나를", "속였느냐-나를", "속였는가", "속이는", "에-배반하다-나-를"]·PT["enganaram-me", "enganaste-me", "enganastes", "enganou-me", "para-trair-me", "que-enganou"]·RU["обманувший", "обманул-меня", "обманул-ты-меня", "обманула-ты-меня", "обманули-вы", "обманули-меня", "предать-меня"]·ES["engañaste-me", "me-engañaron", "me-engañaste", "me-engañó", "nos-engañasteis", "para-engañarme", "que-engaña"]·SW["alinidanganya", "amdanganyaye", "kunisaliti", "mlitudanganya", "umenidanganya", "wamenidanganya"]·TR["aldatan", "aldattı-beni", "aldattılar-beni", "aldattın-beni", "aldattınız", "ihanet-etmek-için-bana"]·urd["تُو-نے-دھوکہ-دیا-مجھے", "دھوکا-دیا-مجھ-کو", "دھوکہ-دیا-تم-نے", "دھوکہ-دیا-مجھے", "دھوکہ-دینے-والا", "دھوکہ-دینے-کو-مجھے", "مجھے-دھوکہ-دیا"]
2. be high, raised — Qal participle feminine: to be high or raised, describing a 'high hand' as a posture of defiance. In Num 15:30 the phrase 'with a raised hand' signifies deliberate, brazen sinning against YHWH. Spanish 'alzada' (raised) and German 'erhob' confirm the spatial-physical sense. This likely belongs to a separate homonymous root (ramah I, 'be high') rather than the deception root. 1×
AR["مُرْتَفِعَةٍ"]·ben["উত্তোলিত"]·DE["erhob"]·EN["raised"]·FR["raised"]·heb["רמה"]·HI["ऊँचे-उठे-हुए"]·ID["angkuh"]·IT["raised"]·jav["sombong"]·KO["높은"]·PT["alta"]·RU["высокой"]·ES["alzada"]·SW["wa-kiburi"]·TR["yükselmiş"]·urd["اُٹھے-ہوئے"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)H7725 2. to bring back, restore (Hifil) (151×)H5674a 2. Qal: cross over (134×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† II. [רָמָה] vb. Pi. beguile, deal treacherously with (NH in deriv.; 𝔗 רְמָא Pa.; BuhlLex cp. Arabic رَمَى vi. be sluggish, backward (of wound), become putrid, corrupt);—Pf. 3 ms. רִמָּה Pr 26:19, sf. רִמָּנִי 2 S 19:27; 2 ms. sf. רִמִּיתָנִי Gn 29:25 1 S 28:12; 2 fs. sf. רִמִּיתִנִי 19:17, etc.; Inf. cstr. sf. לְרַמּוֹתַנִי 1 Ch 12:18 (van d. H. v 17);—beguile, deceive, mislead, acc. pers., Gn…