Lifting and Exalting

† רוּם vb. be high, exalted, rise (OHeb, Ph., Old Aramaic, Palm., all in n.pr.; Sab. in רים epith. dei et regis Fell ZMG liv (1900), 25f. also in n.pr. Mordtm ib. xxx (1876), 36 SabDenkm No. 14, 1. 1; Arabic رام be high, dial. of Oman (JayakarJA xxi. 813, 875) and Zanzibar (PräZMG xxxiv (1880), 218); Ethiopic in deriv.; Aramaic רָם ܪܘܡ (very often in der. spec. and deriv.));— Qal Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְרָם Dt 8:14 +; 3 fs. רָ֫מָה 1 S 2:1 +; וְרָאֲמָה Zc 14:10 v. רָאַם" dir="rtl" >רָאַם; 3 pl. רָמוּ Pr 30:13 ψ 131:1, רָ֑מּוּ Jb 22:12 (Baer Gi; Ges§ 20 l); Impf. יָרוּם Is 30:18 +, juss. יָרֹם Nu 24:7, וַיָּ֫רָם Ho 13:6 Ez 10:4 [וַיָּרֻם Ex 16:20 v. רמם" dir="rtl" >רמם]; 3 mpl. יְרֻמ֑וּן Is 49:11, etc.; Imv. ms. ר֫וּמָה ψ 21:14 +; Inf. cstr. רוּם Dt 17:20 Ez 10:16, כְּרֻם ψ 12:9 [Bae conj. כֶּרֶם, sf. רוֹמָם Ez 10:17 (Ges§ 72 q); Pt. רָם Is 6:1 +, pl. רָמִים 2:13 +, cstr. רָמֵי 10:33, etc.;— 1. a. be high, lit. rock (in fig.) ψ 61:3 (מִן comp.); be (set on) high, רָ֑מּוּ Jb 22:12 (of stars), especially pt., = adj., in gen. Is 2:12 (+ גֵּאֶה), of mts. v 14; Dt 12:2, hill Ez 6:13, 20:28; 34:6, throne Is 6:1, trees = tall 2:13 Ez 17:22, cf. (in fig.) Is 10:33 (רָמֵי הַקּוֹמָה); human stature Dt 1:28 (מִן comp.), 2:10, 21; 9:2; רָמִים ψ 78:69 heights (of heaven; ‖ אֶרֶץ); רָמִים of inhab. of heavens Jb 21:22. b. especially of י׳, רָם וְנִשָּׂא Is 57:15, cf. ψ 138:6, + עַל־כַּל־הָעַמִּים 99:2, גּוֹיִם 113:4. 2. be raised, uplifted: a. of highway Is 49:11 (made high, put in order); voice, Dt 27:14 (pt. = adj.) uplifted. b. fig.: of hand, symbol of might, Dt 32:27, + עַל pers. Mi 5:8; of Isr. in Exodus בְּיָד רָמָה Ex 14:8; Nu 33:3 (both P); of י׳’s hand Is 26:11 ψ 89:14 (‖ תָּעֹז); fig. of presumption Nu 15:30 (P); זְרוֹעַ רָמָה of might Jb 38:15; of eyes, fig. of arrogance Pr 6:17; 30:13 ψ 131:1 (‖ גָּבַהּ לִבִּי), so 18:28, but ‖ 2 S 22:28 of pers.; of heart, fig. of reckless elation, Ho 13:6; Dt 8:14; Ez 31:10 (בְּגָבְהוֹ, ‖ גָּבַהְתָּ בְּקוֹמָה) Dn 11:12, + מִן pers. Dt 17:20; of horn, fig. of triumph 1 S 2:1 (song), ψ 89:25 (v 18 see Hiph.), 112:9, so head 27:6 (+ עַל pers.), 140:9 (join ירומו to v 10, but read יָרִימוּ Che, cf. Hup-Now). c. of pers., be exalted (in fig.), king Nu 24:7 (JE; + מִן comp.; ‖ תִּנַּשֵּׂא); of God (י׳, i.e. shew his exaltation) Is 30:18; 2 S 22:47 = ψ 18:47, ψ 21:14; 46:11(×2), + עַל־(הַ)שָּׁמַיִם 57:6, 12; 108:6; עֶבֶד י׳ Is 52:13, י׳’s people ψ 89:17; rebellious 66:7 (Qr; Kt Hiph.: shew exaltation); worthlessness (personif.) ψ 12:9; foe 13:3; city Pr 11:11. 3. be lifted, rise, of ark, מֵעַל־הארץ Gn 7:17 (J), so of cherubim Ez 10:16, cf. v 17; כְּבוֹד י׳ v 4 (מֵעַל הַכְּרוּב).—Pr 24:7 v. i. רָאמוֹת" dir="rtl" >רָאמוֹת p. 910b. Pōʿlēl Pf. 3 fs. sf. רֹמְמָ֑תְהוּ Ez 31:4; 1 s. רוֹמַמְתִּי Is 1:2; 23:4; Impf. 3 ms. יְרוֹמֵם Ho 11:7, sf. יְרוֹמְמֵנִי ψ 27:5, וִירוֹמִמְךָ 37:34; 1 s. sf. וַאֲרֹמְמֶ֑נְהוּ Ex 15:2 (Ges§ 58 i), etc. (אֵרוֹמָם v. Hithpōʿl.); Imv. mpl. רוֹמְמוּ ψ 99:5, 9; Inf. cstr. לְרוֹמֵם Ezr 9:9; Pt. מְרוֹמֵם 1 S 2:7, sf. מְרוֹמְמִי ψ 9:14, f. רוֹמֵמָה 118:16 (מ om., Hup-Now Bae; cf. Köi. 454);— 1. a. raise, rear, children Is 1:2; 23:4 (both ‖ גִּ��ֵּל). b. cause tree to grow, subj. תְּהוֹם Ez 31:4 (‖ גִּדֵּל). c. rear, erect, temple Ezr 9:9. 2. lift up: a. in fig., acc. pers., subj. י׳ ψ 27:5 (+ בְּצוּר); + מִן comp. 2 S 22:49 = ψ 18:49, + מִן from 9:14; acc. om. Ho 11:7 (si vera l., cf. We Now). b. raise waves of sea, subj. wind, ψ 107:25. c. exalt, acc. pers., subj. י׳ Jb 17:4 (read perhaps תְּרִמֵם, so Bu, cf. Di), ψ 37:34 (+ לָרֶשֶׁת אָ֑רֶץ); acc. om. 1 S 2:7 ψ 118:16 (in victory); subj. wisdom, acc. pers. Pr 4:8, cf. צְדָקָה" dir="rtl" >צְדָקָה תְּרוֹמֵם־גּוֹי 14:34. 3. exalt, extol, acc. י׳, ψ 30:2, ‖ אוֹדֶה Is 25:1 ψ 118:28, ‖ הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ 99:5, 9, ‖ הִלֵּל 107:32, ‖ בֵּרַךְ 145:1, ‖ אַנְוֵהוּ Ex 15:2; acc. שֵׁם י׳ ψ 34:4 (‖ גִּדֵּל). Pōʿlal Impf. 3 fpl. תְּרוֹמַמְנָה ψ 75:11 be lifted up, of horns (cf. Qal 2 b); Pf. 3 ms. וְרוֹמַם 66:17 and he was extolled (so Ki al.; but v. רוֹמָם infr.); Pt. מְרוֹמַם Ne 9:5 extolled, of י׳’s name (cf. Pōʿlēl 3), + עַל־בְּרָכָה וג׳. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֵרִים 1 K 11:27 +; 2 ms. הֲרִימוֹתָ 2 K 19:22 ψ 89:43, וַהֲרֵמֹתָ֫ Nu 31:28; 2 mpl. consec. וַהֲרֵמֹתֶם 18:26, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָרִים Gn 41:44 +, juss. יָרֵם Nu 17:2; 1 S 2:10, וַיָּ֫רֶם Ex 7:20 +, sf. וַיְרִימֶהָ Gn 31:45, etc.; Imv. ms. הָרֵם Ex 14:16; Is 58:1, הָרִימָה ψ 74:3, etc.; Inf. cstr. הָרִים Is 10:15 +, sf. הֲרִימִי Gn 39:18, etc.; Pt. מֵרִים Ex 35:24 +, etc.;— 1. a. (1) raise, lift, c. acc., hand Ex 17:11 (E), Nu 20:11 (P), + אֶל־י׳ (in oath) Gn 14:22 cf. (אֶל־הַשָּׁמַיִם) Dn 12:7, + ב pers. against 1 K 11:26, 27; feet; פְּעָמִים ψ 74:3, i.e. run (+ ל dir.); hand or foot Gn 41:44 (E), i.e. make any movement (hyperb.); head ψ 110:7 (Assyrian ullû rêšu DlHWB 62a), cf. יָרִימוּ 140:9 (so read, v. Qal 2 b); face, אֶל־י׳ Ezr 9:6; hand of another, subj. י׳, fig. of giving strength to, ψ 89:43, so head 3:4; c. acc. of rod Is 10:15; Ex 14:16 (P), הֵרִים בַּמַּטֶּה 7:20 (E); rod subj., c. acc. rei Is 10:15. (2) raise poor אֶבְיוֹן, c. מִן loc. 1 S 2:8 ψ 113:7. b. lift up voice Gn 39:15, 18 (J; both + קָרָא), Is 40:9(×2) (acc. om.), 58:1; Ezr 3:12; + בִּתְרוּעָה Ez 21:27, בַּחֲצֹצְרוֹת 2 Ch 5:13; + ל pers. Is 13:2, לָעָב Jb 38:34, + עָל pers. against 2 K 19:22 = Is 37:23; הֵרִים בְּקוֹל 1 Ch 15:16. c. (take into one’s hand and) lift, take up, stone Jos 4:5 (JE; עַל־שִׁכְמוֹ), leg (of sacrif. meal) 1 S 9:24, mantle 2 K 2:13, axe 67 (acc. om.), yoke Ho 11:4 (עַל־לְחֵיהֶם), censers Nu 17:2 (P; + מִבֵּין), ashes Lv 6:3. d. set up, erect, stone as מַצֵּבָה Gn 31:45 (E); standard, + אֶל of people Is 49:22, עַל 62:10. e. set on high, throne, מִמַּעַל לְכוֹכְבֵי אֵל Is 14:13; nest (subj. נֶשֶׁר) Jb 39:27. f. lift up, exalt, c. acc. pers., subj. י׳ 1 K 14:7; 16:2 ψ 89:20 (all c. מִן), ψ 75:8 (opp. יַשְׁפִּיל); subj. קָלוֹן Pr 3:35, cf. 14:29; c. acc. קֶרֶן, in both good and bad sense (cf. Qal 2 b) 1 S 2:10; La 2:17 (לַמָּרוֹם), ψ 89:18 (Kt; Qr Qal), 92:11; 148:14 ψ 75:5, 6; but 1 Ch 25:5 sound the horn; inf. = exaltation ψ 75:7; 66:7 v. Qal 2 c. 2. lift up and take away, remove, c. acc. הָעֲטָרָה Ez 21:31; acc. rei + מִן loc. Is 57:14, Lv 2:9; 4:8, 19; 6:8 Nu 18:30, 32; = do away with, גְּרֻשֹׁתֵיכֶם Ez 45:9 (מֵעַל of people), הַתָּמִיד Dn 8:11 (Kt; Qr Hoph.); = set apart, מֶכֶס Nu 31:28 (מִן pers.). 3. lift off and present, contribute, offer: a. to י׳, c. acc. cogn. תְּרוּמָה, Ez 45:13; 48:8, 20; Nu 15:20(×2) (P), Ex 35:24 (P); + לי׳ Ez 45:1; 48:9; Nu 15:19; 18:19, 24; 31:52; תְּרוּמַת י׳ 18:26 (+ מִן rei), v 28, 29 (all P); ת׳ בֵּית־א׳ Ezr 8:25. b. c. acc. rei, + לְי׳ Lv 22:15. c. contribute, acc. rei, ל pers. (for sacrif.), 2 Ch 30:24(×2;) 35:7, 8 (acc. om.), v 9. Hoph. Pf. 3 ms. הוּרָ֑ם Ex 29:27, הֻרַם Dn 8:11 Qr (Kt Hiph.); Impf. 3 ms. יוּרָם Lv 4:10;—be taken off from (מִן) Lv 4:10 (P), cf. Ex 29:27 (P; ‖ הוּנַף); be abolished Dn 8:11 Qr (cf. Hiph. 2); Bev (after 𝔊) ins. Pt. מוּרָם after הַתָּמִיד v 13. Hithpōʿl. Impf. 3 ms. וַיִתְרוֹמֵם וַיִתְגַּדֵּל עַל־כָּל־אֵל Dn 11:36 and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; 1 s. (ת assim.) אֵרוֹמָ֔ם Is 33:10 (Ges§ 54c Köi. 454) I will raise myself (+ אָקוּם, אֶנָּשֵׂא).

II. מַעֲלָה46 n.f. step, stair;—מ׳ Ezr 7:9; 1 Ch 17:17; pl. מַעֲלוֹת Is 38:8 +, sf. מַעֲלֹתָו֯ Am 9:6, etc.;— 1. step, stair of temple Ez 40:6 + 5 times 40, and temple porch 40:49; of altar Ex 20:26 (E) (forbidden, cf. RSOTJC xii, n. 1; 2nd ed. 358) Ez 43:17 (prescribed); of house 2 K 9:13, of throne 1 K 10:19, 20; 2 Ch 9:18, 19; to the city of David Ne 3:15; 12:37. 2. steps (forming sun-dial, cf. Di Is) 2 K 20:9(×2), 10(×2), 11(×3) = Is 38:8(×5). 3. stories of heaven Am 9:6. 4. ascent מִבָּבֶל Ezr 7:9. 5. שִׁיר (ל)הַמַּעֲלוֹת song of ascents, to the three great pilgrim feasts, i.e. to be sung on way up to Jerusalem, titles of ψψ 120–134 + 84:6 We al.—כְּתוֹר הארם המעלה 1 Ch 17:17 is crpt., v. Comm.ad loc. (and on ‖ 2 S 7:19).

† גָּבֹהַּ adj. high, exalted—1 S 9:2 + 15 times; גָּבוֹהַּ ψ 138:6; cstr. גְּבֹהַּ 1 S 16:7; גְּבַהּ (Ew§ 213 d) ψ 101:5 + 3 times; pl. גְּבֹהִים Ec 5:7 + 5 times; f. גְּבֹהָה Dt 3:5 + 6 times; pl. גְּבֹהוֹת Dn 8:3 + 2 times; גְּבֹהֹת Dt 28:52;— 1. high, lofty, tall, e.g. Ez 17:24, tower Is 2:15 Zp 1:16, mountain Gn 7:19 ψ 104:18 Is 40:9; 57:7 Ez 17:22; 40:2; cf. phrases על כל גבעה גבהה upon every high hill 1 K 14:23 2 K 17:10 Je 2:20; על גבעות הגבהות Je 17:2; עַל־כָּל־הַר גָּבֹהַּ Is 30:25 Je 3:6; man 1 S 9:2; tree גְּבַהּ קוֹמָה Ez 31:3; horns Dn 8:3; walls Dt 3:5; 28:52; gallows Est 5:14; 7:9; gate Je 51:58; altar Ez 41:22; high things Jb 41:26 Ec 12:5. 2. exalted in station Ez 21:31; כִּי גָּבֹהַּ מֵעַל גָּבֹהַּ שֹׁמֵר וּגְבֹהִים עֲלֵיהֶם for high one above high one is watching, & the Most High over them Ec 5:7 so Ew Zö al., but Vrss De Now al. higher (earthly), potentates over them. 3. haughty ψ 138:6 Is 5:15; 10:33 1 S 2:3; גְּבַהּ־עֵינַיִם ψ 101:5; ג׳ לֵב Pr 16:5; ג׳ רוּחַ Ec 7:8. 4. n.[m.] loftiness, גְּבֹהַּ קוֹמָתוֹ 1 S 16:7; cf. גָּדוֹל" dir="rtl" >גָּדוֹל 10, p. 153.

גָּבַהּ vb. be high, exalted (NH id. (Hiph.), Aramaic גְּבַהּ, cf. Arabic جَبْهَةٌ forehead, جَبَةٌ prominence of forehead; compare perhaps also Assyrian gabâni, heights (?) LotzTP 133)— Qal Pf. ג׳ 2 Ch 26:16 + 5 times; גָּֽבְהָא֯ Ez 31:5 (א = ה); גָּבַהְתָּ Ez 31:10, גָּֽבְהוּ Jb 35:5 + 3 times; Impf. יִגְבַּהּ Pr 18:12 + 5 times; sf. יִגְבְּהוּ Ez 31:14, יִגְבָּ֑הוּ Jb 36:7, תִּגְבָּ֑הוּ Je 13:15, תִּגְבְּהֶינָה Ez 16:50; Inf. כִּגְבֹהַּ ψ 103:11, לְגָבְהָה Zp 3:11;— 1. be high, lofty, tall, e.g. tree Ez 19:11; 31:5, 10, 14, heavens Jb 35:5 Is 55:9 ψ 103:11, man 1 S 10:23. 2. be exalted, of man in dignity and honour Jb 36:7, of servant of Yahweh Is 52:13, God Is 5:16, God’s ways Is 55:9. 3. lofty גָּבַהּ לִבּוֹ:— a. in a good sense, encouraged in the ways of Yahweh 2 Ch 17:6; b. elsewhere in a bad sense, be haughty ψ 131:1 Pr 18:12 2 Ch 26:16; 32:25 Ez 28:2, 5, 17, and so without לב Is 3:16 Je 13:15 Ez 16:50 Zp 3:11. Hiph. Pf. הִגְבַּהְתִּי Ez 17:24; Impf. יַגְבִּיהַּ Jb 39:27 Je 49:16 Ob 4; וַיַּגְבִּיהֶהָ 2 Ch 33:14; יַגְבִּיהוּ Jb 5:7; Inf. הַגְבֵּהַּ Is 7:11 Ez 21:31; Pt. מַגְבִּיהַּ Pr 17:19 ψ 113:5;—make high, exalt, e.g. trees Ez 17:24, wall 2 Ch 33:14, gate Pr 17:19, nest Je 49:16 Ob 4, dwelling ψ 113:5 a request Is 7:11, the lowly Ez 21:31; יַגְבִּיהוּ עוּף make their flight high, soar aloft Jb 5:7, without עוף Jb 39:27.

I. עֶלְיוֹן22 adj. 1. high;—ms. ע׳ Dt 26:19; 28:1; 1 K 9:8 (? reading הַבַּיִת הַזֶּה הָע׳ as 𝔊L Benz) = 2 Ch 7:21, of י׳ ψ 97:9. 2. upper Bethhoron, ע׳ Jos 16:5 העליון 1 Ch 7:24; 2 Ch 8:5, the upper (opp. lower), of house Ne 3:25; cf. 2 K 15:35; 2 Ch 23:20 + 5 times, + Gn 40:17 (uppermost basket); fs. הָעֶלְיוֹנָה the upper pool 2 K 18:17 = Is 36:2; Is 7:3; the highest side-chamber (צֵלָע) Ez 41:7; fpl. הָעֶלְיוֹנֹת 42:5 the upper chambers (לְשָׁכוֹת). 3. of Davidic king exalted above monarchs ψ 89:28 (cf. Dt 28:1, supr.).

ὑψόω, lift high, raise up, Refs 6th c.AD+:—middle, τάφον ὑψώσαντο Refs 7th c.BC+:—passive, μάκελλος ἐκ θεμελίων ὑψοῦτο Refs 1st c.BC+ __II metaphorically, elevate, exalt, opposed to ταπεινόω, LXX+2nd c.BC+; πονοῦντα τὸν ἴδιον ὑψῶσαι βίον [Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, to be exalted, μὴ ὑψωθῇς τῇ καρδίᾳ LXX+1st c.AD+; ἐκ ποδὸς ὑψεύμενοι, of suddenly exalted persons, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 represent in the 'grand manner', Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II.3 passive, Astron., of planets, mount to the north of the ecliptic, Theo Sm.p.135 H. __II.4 passive, Astrology texts, of planets, attain exaltation, i.e. maximum appotelesmatic efficacy, Refs 2nd c.AD+

† [שָׂגַב] vb. be (inaccessibly) high (cf. 𝔗 שְׂגַב Pa. [from Heb.] exalt);— Qal Pf. 1. 3 fs. שָֽׂגְבָה Dt 2:36, of city, c. מִן, be (too) high for capture. 2. 3 mpl. שָֽׂגְבוּ Jb 5:11 of pers., be high in prosperity. Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִשְׂגַּב Is 2:11, 17; נִשְׂגָּ֑ב Pr 18:10; 3 fs. נִשְׂגְּבָה ψ 139:6; Pt. נִשְׂגָּב Is 12:4 +; fs. נִשְׂגָּבָה Is 26:5; +;— 1. be high, walls Is 30:13; Pr 18:11; city Is 26:5; God’s knowledge ψ 139:6 (unattainable). 2. be (safely) set on high, Pr 18:10. 3. be exalted, of God Is 2:11, 17; 33:5; his name 12:4 ψ 148:13. Pi. Impf. 3 ms. יְשַׂגֵּב Is 9:10 ψ 107:41; sf. יְשַׂגֶּבְךָ 20:2, etc.;—trans. c. acc.: 1. set (securely) on high, ψ 20:2; 69:30; 91:14; c. מִן, of foe 59:2, affliction 107:41. 2. exalt, in effective hostility, c. עַל, Is 9:10. Pu. Impf. 3 ms. יְשֻׂגָּ֑ב Pr 29:25 be set (securely) on high. Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. יַשְׂגִּיב Jb 36:22 God acts exaltedly בְּכֹחוֹ.

ἐπαίρω, Ionic dialect and poetry ἐπᾰείρω Refs 8th c.BC+: future ἐπᾱρῶ (contraction from ᾰερ-) Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐπῆρα, participle ἐπάρας Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἐπῆρκα Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive, aorist ἐπήρθην, participle ἐπαρθείς: lift up and set on, [αὐτὸν] ἀμαξάων ἐπάειρραν lifted and set him upon.., Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 lift, raise, κεφαλὴν ἐπαείρας Refs 5th c.BC+; πάντες ἐπῆραν (i.e. τὴν χεῖρα) Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐπαιρόμενα ἱστία, opposed to ὑφιέμενα, Refs 1st c.AD+ —middle, με τεῷ ἐπαείραο μαζῷ didstliftand put me to thy breast, Refs 3rd c.BC+; [λόγχην] Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 exalt, magnify, ἐπαείρειν Αοκρῶν ματέρ᾽ Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 intransitive, lift up one's leg or rise up, Refs 5th c.BC+; rise from table, Refs __5 passive, swell up, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπῆρται τοῦτό γε, in mal. participle, Refs 5th c.BC+ __6 Grammars, ἐ. τὴν προσῳδίαν make the accent acute, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II stir up, excite, πολλά τέ μιν καὶ μεγάλα τὰ ἐπαείροντα.. ἦν Refs 5th c.BC+urge on, Refs 4th c.AD+; induce, persuade to do, c.infinitive, εἰρωτᾶν εἰ οὔτι ἐπαισχύνεται ἐπάρας Κροῖσον στρατεύεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; ὅστις μ᾽ ἐπάρας ἔργον (i.e. πρᾶξαι) Refs:—passive, to be roused, led on, excited, τῷ μαντηΐῳ Refs 5th c.BC+; πλούτῳ, τιμῇ, LXX+5th c.BC+: with infinitive, ἐπήρθην γράψαι Refs 5th c.BC+; τῷ or τὸ λέγειν (uncertain reading) Refs 5th c.BC+ flattering themselves that they were superior.., Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, to be excited, on tiptoe, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 passive, also, to be elated at a thing, εὐδαιμονίῃ μεγάλῃ Refs 5th c.BC+

ὑψηλός, ή, όν (also -ός, όν Demetr.Troezen. 1 Diels): comparative and superlative -ότερος, -ότατος, and irregular -έστατοςRefs 2nd c.AD+: (ὕψι, ὕψος): —high, lofty, θάλαμος Refs 8th c.BC+; of a highland country, χώρη ὀρεινὴ.. καὶ ὑψηλή Refs 5th c.BC+; and ὑψηλά alone, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐφ᾽ ὑψηλοῦ εἶναι, καθῆσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐποικοδομήσαντες ὑψηλότερον [τὸ τεῖχος] Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb, -λῶς καθήμενος Refs 5th c.BC+ __II metaphorically, high, lofty, stately, proud, ὄλβος, ἀρεταί, κλέος, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑψηλὰ κομπεῖν talk high and boastfully, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 of persons, opposed to δυσδαίμων, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 upraised, i.e. mighty, ἐν βραχίονι -λῷ LXX __II.4 of poets, sublime, Refs 3rd c.AD+; τὰ -ότερα the loftier, sublimer thoughts or language, Refs; ὑ. λέξις, λόγος, Refs 1st c.BC+. adverb -λῶςRefs 2nd c.AD+

† I. [סָלַל] vb. lift up, cast up (NH סִלְסֵל esteem highly, סִלְסוּל loftiness, distinction; סוּלָּם ladder; 𝔗 סוּלְּמָא id.; MI26 מסלת highway; Ph. סלמת stair (?) Lzb329; Assyrian sellu, sillu, perhaps breast-works DlHWB 501; but سُلَّمٌ ladder (a loan-wd. according to SchwallyZMG liii (1899), 197), cf. סֻלָּם; v. also ṭrry, siege-wall, Egyptian loan-word from סֹלְלָה according to WMMAs. u. Eur. 101);— Qal Impf. וַיָּסֹ֫לּוּ Jb 19:12; 30:12 Imv. mpl. סֹ֫לּוּ Is 57:14 + 4 times; sf. סָלּוּהָ Je 50:26 (cf. סֶ֫לָה); Pt. pass. סְלוּלָה Je 18:15; סְלֻלָה Pr 15:19;— 1. cast up a highway: ס׳ מְסִלָּה Is 62:10(×2), without obj. Is 57:14(×2), דֶּרֶךְ לֹא סְלוּלָה Je 18:15; fig. of path of upright Pr 15:19. 2. cast up a way: דֶּרֶךְ, c. על against, Jb 19:12 (of besieger, in fig.), ארה Jb 30:12 (of besetting foe); Bab. as a heap of garbage Je 50:26. 3. lift up (a song) ψ 68:5, c. לְ pers. (‖ שׁיר, זמּר; most as 1). Pilp. Imv. sf. סַלְסְלֶהָ Pr 4:8 exalt her (i.e. Wisdom), i.e. (cf. Toy) esteem highly, prize. Hithpôʿ. Pt. מִסְתּוֹלֵל Ex 9:17 (J) exalt oneself, c. בְּ against (denom. from סֹלְלָה according to Gerber 52); cf. Ecclus 39:24; 40:28.

† II. [רָמָה] vb. Pi. beguile, deal treacherously with (NH in deriv.; 𝔗 רְמָא Pa.; BuhlLex cp. Arabic رَمَى vi. be sluggish, backward (of wound), become putrid, corrupt);—Pf. 3 ms. רִמָּה Pr 26:19, sf. רִמָּנִי 2 S 19:27; 2 ms. sf. רִמִּיתָנִי Gn 29:25 1 S 28:12; 2 fs. sf. רִמִּיתִנִי 19:17, etc.; Inf. cstr. sf. לְרַמּוֹתַנִי 1 Ch 12:18 (van d. H. v 17);—beguile, deceive, mislead, acc. pers., Gn 29:25 (E), Jos 9:22 (JE), 1 S 28:12; 2 S 19:27; Pr 26:19; deal treacherously with, betray, acc. pers., 1 S 19:17 La 1:19, + לְצָרַי 1 Ch 12:17.

† I. [רָמֹם] vb. be exalted (‖ form (according to Mas.) of רום);— Qal Pf. 3 pl. רוֹמּוּ מְעַט וְאֵינֶנּוּ Jb 24:24 (perhaps pass. form Ges§ 67 m. Bu; Du רֻמוֹ);—Pt. רֹמֵם v. רוּם" dir="rtl" >רום Pōʿl. Niph. Impf. 1 s. אֵרוֹמָ֔ם Is 33:10 (‖ אֶנָּשֵׂא; Hithpōʿl. from רום Köi. 454 Ges§ 54 c), 3 mpl. וַיֵּרֹ֫מּוּ Ez 10:15 (of cherubim), יֵרוֹ֫מּוּ v 17, וַיֵּרוֹ֫מּוּ v 19; Imv. mpl. הֵרֹ֫מּוּ מִתּוֹךְ הָעֵדָה Nu 17:10 (P).

† [רוּם] vb. rise (v. BH);— Pe. Pf. intr. רִם Dn 5:20 lifted up, of heart, i.e. presumptuous. Pōʿl. extol: Pt. מְרוֹמֵם 4:34 (ל dei). Haph. exalt: Pt. מָרִים 5:19 (acc. pers.). Hithpōʿl. lift oneself up against, Pf. 2 ms. הִתְרוֹמַמְתָּ 5:23 (על dei).

ὑπεραίρω, lift or raise up over, εἰς τὸν ἔξω τόπον τὴν τοῦ ἡνιόχου κεφαλήν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἑρμάτων ὑ. τὸ σκάφος over the rocks, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ὑ. τὸ φθέγμα raise it very high, Refs 2nd c.AD+:—middle, lift oneself or rise above, πάντων Refs W.: absolutely, to be lifted up, NT; give oneself airs, be coy, Refs 5th c.AD+; exalt oneself above, ἐπὶ θεόν NT __2 heighten, ναῦν τοίχοις Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II intransitive, __II.1 with accusative, jump over, τειχία Refs 5th c.BC+; cross, Ἄλπεις Refs 2nd c.BC+pass over, Refs; ὑ. τὴν ἄκραν double the cape, Refs; κάμψαντες τὸν Πάχυνον ὑ. [τὸ πέλαγος] εἰς.. Refs 1st c.BC+: absolutely, cross the sea, Refs 2nd c.BC+: as naval and military term, outflank, τὸ λαιὸν τῶν πολεμίων Refs 2nd c.BC+, etc.: without a sense of motion, rise above, τὸ ὕδωρ Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 excel, τινι in a thing, Refs 4th c.BC+: with accusative, excel, Refs 2nd c.AD+; νοῦν ὑπεραίρει Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II.3 overshoot, go beyond, μήθ᾽ ὑπεράρας μήθ᾽ ὑποκάμψας καιρόν Refs 4th c.BC+; exceed, ὑ. τῆς οὐσίας τὸ μέγεθος ὁ τῶν τέκνων ἀριθμός Refs 4th c.BC+; πυγωνιαῖον ἢ μικρὸν ὑπεραῖρον a little more, Refs 4th c.BC+; τῶν ὑπεραιρόντων ἱερέων the priests in excess (of a certain number), Refs 3rd c.AD+; τῶν ὑπεραιρούντων (sic) τὸν ἀριθμὸν τῶν ἱερέων Refs 3rd c.AD+; τὸ ὑπεραῖρον ἀργύριον the money (received) in excess, Refs 2nd c.BC+; τοσοῦτον ἐν [τοῖς δαπανηθεῖσιν] ὑπερῆρεν [αὐτόν] he so far exceeded him in his expenditure, Refs 2nd c.AD+; λόγος ὑπεραίρων τοῖς ὀνόμασι καὶ ταῖς γνώμαις overdone, Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὸ ὑπεραῖρον exaggeration, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __III with genitive, pass beyond, double a cape, τοῦ ἀκρωτηρίου Refs 2nd c.AD+; rise above, τῆς γῆς Refs __III.2 transcend, exceed, μήθ᾽ ὑπεραίροντα τῶν εἰθισμένων ὄγκων (τὸν εἰθ. ὄγκον Refs 5th c.BC+; overcome, τέχνῃ τοῦ ῥοθίου Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III.3 with genitive, despise,Refs 3rd c.AD+ __IV overflow, τὰ ἀγγεῖα Refs 4th c.BC+: absolutely, of a stream, ὑ. εἰς τὰ χωρία Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV.2 ὑ. ὑπέρ τι project beyond.., Refs 2nd c.AD+; οἱ ἐν τῷ τρίτῳ ζυγῷ ὑ. τοὺς πρωτοστάτας πήχεις σ, i.e. their σάρισαι project beyond.., Refs 2nd c.AD+; ὑπεραίρειν ἔξω τὰ βλέφαρα project beyond the eyelids, of a tumour, Refs 6th c.AD+, compare 15; overlap, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __V Ὑπεραίρων, οντος, ὁ, Most Excellent, = Latin Exsuperatorius, name given to December by Commodus, Refs 2nd c.AD+

† [זָקַף] vb. (late) raise up (NH id.; Aramaic זְקַף, ܙܩܰܦ; Assyrian zaḳâpu, Asrb.Hunting Inscr. IR 7, ix. A, 3; NöZMG 1886, 725 suggests Arabic زَقَفَ carry off (Ḳam.), orig. lift up)—only Qal Pt. act. and only fig. of י׳’s dealing with prostrate men:—וְזוֹקֵף לְכָל־הַכְּפוּפִים ψ 145:14 (‖ סוֹמךְ); זֹקֵף כְּפוּפִים 146:8 י׳ raiseth up prostrate ones.

—

ὑπερυψόω, exalt exceedingly, τινα NT:—passive, LXX

† [זְקַף] vb. raise, lift up (𝔗 Syriac; cf. BH (late; rare));— Pe. Pt. pass. וּזְקִיף יִתְמְחֵא עֲל֑וֹהִי Ezr 6:11 and, lifted up, he be fastened upon it (sc. the timber erected; ref. prob. to impalement, v. Ryle Berthol).