H7092 H7092
To shut, close (mouth or hand); to draw together, contract; to leap or spring with energy.
At its core, this verb means drawing together or contracting, which plays out across surprisingly varied contexts. Most often it describes shutting the hand against the poor (Deut 15:7) or closing the mouth in astonishment or silence (Isa 52:15; Job 5:16; Ps 107:42). The psalmist's anguished question — 'Has God shut up (קָפַץ) his compassion?' (Ps 77:9) — extends the physical closing into the emotional realm. The Niphal in Job 24:24 shifts to passive contraction: the wicked 'are gathered up' and wither. Most unexpectedly, the Piel in Song 2:8 describes the beloved 'bounding' (מְקַפֵּץ) over the hills — Spanish 'brincando' and French 'bondissant' capturing the leaping energy that transforms contraction into spring-loaded release.
Senses
1. to shut, close (Qal) — Shutting or closing — the dominant Qal sense of drawing together the hand, mouth, or compassion so as to withhold. Deut 15:7 warns against shutting the hand (תִּקְפֹּץ) against a needy brother; Isa 52:15 and Job 5:16 describe mouths shut in awe or silenced injustice; Ps 77:9 asks whether God has 'shut up' his mercies. Spanish 'cerrará/cerrarás' and French 'fermer' consistently render the contractile closing motion. 5×
AR["أَغلَقَت", "تَقْبِضُ", "قَبَضَ", "يُسِدُّ", "يُغْلِقُ"]·ben["তিনি-সংবরণ-করেছেন", "তুমি-বন্ধ-করবে", "বন্ধ-করবে", "বন্ধ-করেছে"]·DE["[יקפצו]", "[קפצה]", "du-soll-einsperren", "hat-er-shut-hinauf", "hat-shut"]·EN["has-He-shut-up", "has-shut", "shuts", "will-shut", "you-shall-shut"]·FR["[יקפצו]", "bondir", "fermer", "tu-devra-fermer"]·heb["יקפצו", "קפץ", "קפצה", "תקפוץ"]·HI["काफत्स", "बंद-करती-है", "बंद-करेगा", "बंद-करेगी", "राजा"]·ID["akan-menutup", "menutup"]·IT["[יקפצו]", "chiuse", "shuts", "tu-dovra-rinchiudere"]·jav["badhé-mingkem", "kedah-panjenengan-nutup", "ngampet", "ngangap", "sampun-nutup"]·KO["다물리라", "닫았다", "닫았도다", "닫으셨나이까", "잠그리라-네가"]·PT["fecha", "fechará", "fecharás", "fecharão", "fechou"]·RU["закроют", "закрывает", "затворил", "затыкает", "сжимай"]·ES["cerrará", "cerrarán", "cerrarás", "cerró", "cierra"]·SW["amefunga", "umefunga", "usifumbe", "utafunga", "watafunga"]·TR["kapatacaksın", "kapattı", "kapattı-mı", "kapayacaklar"]·urd["بند-کر-دیا", "بند-کرتی-ہے", "بند-کرنا", "بند-کریں-گے", "بند-ہو-گیا"]
2. to be gathered, drawn together (Nifal) — Being gathered or drawn together — the Niphal reflexive/passive in Job 24:24, describing the wicked who 'are drawn together' (יִקָּפְצוּן), contracted and cut off. Spanish 'son recogidos' ('are gathered') and Hindi 'वे इकट्ठे होते हैं' ('they are gathered') confirm the passive collecting sense, distinct from the active shutting of sense 1. 1×
AR["يُقْبَضُونَ"]·ben["তারা-জড়ো-হয়"]·DE["[יקפצון]"]·EN["they-are-gathered"]·FR["bondir"]·heb["יקפצון"]·HI["वे-इकट्ठे-होते-हैं"]·ID["mereka-dikumpulkan"]·IT["essi-sono-gathered"]·jav["piyambakipun-dipunkempalaken"]·KO["거두어지고"]·PT["são-colhidos;"]·RU["собираются"]·ES["son-recogidos;"]·SW["wanakusanywa"]·TR["toplanırlar"]·urd["سمٹے جاتے ہیں"]
3. to leap, spring, bound (Piel) — Leaping, springing, bounding — the Piel intensive in Song 2:8, where the beloved comes 'bounding' (מְקַפֵּץ) upon the mountains. The same muscular contraction that shuts a hand becomes the coiled energy of a leap. Spanish 'brincando' ('jumping'), French 'bondissant' ('bounding'), and Arabic 'مِقَفِّيص' ('leaping') all capture this dynamic, joyful movement — the Aramaic Targum tradition of 'hastening' (קְפַץ) likewise links contraction to swift propulsion. 1×
AR["مِقَفِّيص"]·ben["লাফিয়ে"]·DE["[מקפץ]"]·EN["bounding"]·FR["bondissant"]·heb["מקפץ"]·HI["छलाँगता-हुआ"]·ID["meloncat-loncat"]·IT["bounding"]·jav["nglumpati"]·KO["뛰어넘으면서"]·PT["pulando"]·RU["прыгающий"]·ES["brincando"]·SW["akidunda"]·TR["ziplayan"]·urd["چھلانگیں-لگاتا-ہوا"]
Related Senses
H3605 1. all, every, whole (5352×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H0259 1. one (cardinal numeral) (940×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)H8147 1. cardinal number two (666×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† קָפַץ vb. draw together, shut (NH = BH; Arabic قَفَصَ collect, conjoin, tie; Syriac ܩܦܰܣ draw together, contract, withdraw (cf. NöM 47: ZMG xxxiii (1879), 516); 𝔗 קְפַץ hasten (double oneself up in running), Pi. hop, spring);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ק׳ ψ 77:10, etc.; Impf. 2 ms. תִּקְפֹּץ Dt 15:7; 3 mpl. יִקְפְּצוּ Is 52:15;—shut hand Dt 15:7 (c. מִן away from, so as not to lend; opp. פתח v 8); mouth,…