ἵνα G2443
So that, in order that (purpose/result conjunction); rarely as interrogative 'why?' with ti.
The most common purpose conjunction in the New Testament, hina introduces clauses expressing intention or result — 'so that Scripture might be fulfilled' (Matt 1:22). German damit, French afin que, and Spanish para que all capture this purposive force with remarkable consistency across 665 occurrences. In six rare instances, however, hina pairs with ti to form the interrogative hina ti ('why? for what purpose?'), echoing the Hebrew lammah. Jesus' cry from the cross, 'hina ti me egkatelipes?' (Matt 27:46), is the most memorable example of this distinct construction.
1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) — Purpose or result conjunction meaning 'so that' or 'in order that,' introducing subordinate clauses of divine intent, human aim, or consequential outcome. Overwhelmingly dominant at 665 occurrences, rendered damit (Ger.), afin que (Fra.), para que (Spa.). Central to Johannine theology: 'that whoever believes in him should not perish' (John 3:16; Matt 1:22). 665×
AR["أَن","أَنْ","لِ-","لِئَلّا","لِكَي","لِكَيْ","لٰكِنْ"]·ben["যাতে","যেন"]·DE["damit"]·EN["so-that","that","that-"]·FR["afin-que"]·heb["כְּדֵי","לְ-מַעַן","לְמַעַן","שֶׁ-","שֶׁלֹּא"]·HI["कि","तअकि","ताकि"]·ID["supaya"]·IT["affinché"]·jav["Supados","supados"]·KO["-위하여","-하기-위해","-하도록","~하기-위하여"]·PT["para-que","que"]·RU["чтобы"]·ES["para-que","para‒que","que"]·SW["ili","kwamba","wasi"]·TR["-sın-diye","ki"]·urd["تاکہ","کہ"]
Matt 1:22, Matt 2:15, Matt 4:3, Matt 4:14, Matt 5:29, Matt 5:30, Matt 7:1, Matt 7:12, Matt 8:8, Matt 9:6, Matt 10:25, Matt 12:10 (+38 more)
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
2. why? (interrogative, with τί) — Interrogative adverb 'why? for what purpose?' formed by combining hina with ti (hina ti = 'in order that what?'). A distinct construction functioning as a question word, not a purpose clause. Found in Jesus' Psalm 22 quotation on the cross (Matt 27:46) and in Acts 4:25 quoting Psalm 2. Spanish Por qué and the shift from purposive to interrogative mark this as a separate lexical function. 6×
AR["لِ-","لِـ","لِماذا","لِمَاذَا","لِمَاذَا-"]·ben["কেন","কেন-"]·DE["damit","damit-"]·EN["For-","for-","for-why","why","why-"]·FR["afin-que","afin-que-"]·heb["כְּדֵי-מָה-","לָ-","לָ-מָּה","לָמָּה-"]·HI["और","किस-","किस-लिए","क्यों","ताकि"]·ID["Mengapa","Mengapa-","supaya-","untuk"]·IT["affinche-","affinché"]·jav["Kenging-punapa","Kénging-","Kénging-menapa","kapriyé","kenging-punapa","kénging-menapa"]·KO["-때문에","~을-위하여","분노했는가","어찌하여","왜"]·PT["Por","Por-que","para-","para-que","por"]·RU["Зачем-","Почему","для-","зачем","зачем-"]·ES["Para-qué","Por-qué","para-","por-qué","¿Por"]·SW["Kwa-nini","kwa-nini"]·TR["neden","neden-","o-"]·urd["تاکہ","کیوں","کیوں-"]
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἵνα, adverb, __I of Place, __I.1 in that place, there, once in Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.2 elsewhere relative, in which place, where,Refs 8th c.BC+: rarely in Attic dialect Prose, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἵ. ἡ Νίκη (i.e. ἐστίν) Refs 8th c.BC+ [same place]; ἵν᾽ ἄν with subjunctive, wherever, Refs 5th c.BC+; as indirect interrogative, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2.b after Refs 8th c.BC+; ἔμαθε ἵ. ἦν κακοῦ in what a…