Purpose Conjunction

ἵνα, adverb, __I of Place, __I.1 in that place, there, once in Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.2 elsewhere relative, in which place, where,Refs 8th c.BC+: rarely in Attic dialect Prose, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἵ. ἡ Νίκη (i.e. ἐστίν) Refs 8th c.BC+ [same place]; ἵν᾽ ἄν with subjunctive, wherever, Refs 5th c.BC+; as indirect interrogative, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2.b after Refs 8th c.BC+; ἔμαθε ἵ. ἦν κακοῦ in what a calamity, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἵν᾽ ἕσταμεν χρείαςRefs 5th c.BC+ __I.2.c with Verbs of motion, whither, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II of circumstance, γάμος.., ἵ. χρή at which, when, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἵ. μὲν ἐξῆν αὐτοῖς.., ἐνταῦθα.. when it was in their power, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 ={ἐάν}, uncertain in Refs 8th c.BC+ __B Final conjunction, that, in order that, from Refs 8th c.BC+ downwards, mostly first word in the clause, but sometimes preceded by an emphatic word, Refs 8th c.BC+ or κε (if found, these particles belong to the Verb, as in Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.I general usage: __B.I.1 with subjunctive, __B.I.1.a after primary tenses of indicative, also subjunctive and imperative: present indicative, Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect indicative, Refs 8th c.BC+: future, Refs 8th c.BC+; subjunctive, Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.I.1.b after historical tenses, in similes, where the aorist is gnomic, Refs 8th c.BC+; where aorist is treated as equivalent to perfect, Refs 8th c.BC+: when the purpose is regarded from the point of view of the speaker's present, σὲ παῖδα ποιεύμην ἵ. μοι.. λοιγὸν ἀμύνῃς Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.I.1.c after optative and ἄν, when optative with οὐκ ἄν is used with sense of imperative, Refs 8th c.BC+; after βουλοίμην ἄν.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.1.d after imperfect with ἄν, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.I.2 with optative, __B.I.2.a after historical tenses, Refs 8th c.BC+: after the historical present, Refs 5th c.BC+: sometimes both moods, subjunctive and optative, follow in consecutive clauses, Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.I.2.b after optative, Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.I.2.c rarely after primary tenses, by a shifting of the point of view, Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.I.3 with past tenses of indicative, __B.I.3.a after unfulfilled wishes, Refs __B.I.3.b after indicative with ἄν, to express a consequence which has not followed or cannot follow, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.3.c after such Verbs as ἐχρῆν, ἔδει, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀντὶ τοῦ κοσμεῖν (={δέον κοσμεῖν}).. ἵ... Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.I.3.d after present indicative in general statements (including the past), οὐδὲ γὰρ τὸ εἶναι ἔχει ἡ ὕλη, ἱ. ἀγαθοῦ ταύτῃ μετεῖχεν Refs 3rd c.AD+ __B.I.4 ἵ. μή as the negative of ἵνα, that not, Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.II special usages: __B.II.1 like{ὅπως}, after Verbs of command and entreaty, is common only in later Gr. (butNT+8th c.BC+; also for ὥστε, LXX+1st c.AD+ __B.II.2 because, ἵ. ἀναγνῶ ἐτιμήθην I was honoured because I read, Refs 2nd c.AD+; not found in literature. __B.II.3 elliptical usages, __B.II.3.a where the purpose of the utterance is stated, Ζεὺς ἔσθ᾽, ἵν᾽ εἰδῇς 'tis Zeus,— [I tell thee this] that thou may'st know it, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἵ. δῶμεν.. granted that.. , Refs 2nd c.AD+ __B.II.3.b in commands, introducing a principal sentence, ἵ. συντάξῃς order him.., Refs 3rd c.BC+; ἵ. λαλήσῃς Refs 3rd c.BC+; ἵ. ἐλθὼν ἐπιθῇς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῇ LXX+NT+5th c.BC+ __B.II.3.c ἵ. τί (i.e. γένηται); to what end? either absolutely or as a question, Refs 5th c.BC+; or with a Verb following, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἵ. δὴ τ; Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.3.d in indignant exclamations, to think that.. ! Σωκράτης ἵ. πάθῃ ταῦτα Refs 2nd c.AD+ __B.III in later Gr. with indicative, LXX+NT

† מַעֲנֶה n.m. Pr 15:1 answer, response;—abs. מ׳־רַךְ Pr 15:1 a gentle answer; cstr. מַעֲנֵה פִּיו v 23, cf. מ׳ לָשׁוֹן 16:1 (i.e. ability to answer); מ׳ אֱלֹהִים Mi 3:7 i.e. response for guidance; abs. also Pr 29:19 response = obedience; Jb 32:3, 5 reply, refutation; sf. לַמַּעֲנֵהוּ Pr 16:4 = for its purpose, that for which it answers (v. Toy).

ὅπως, Epic dialect also and Aeolic dialect ὅππως, Ionic dialect ὅκως, Doric dialect ὁπῶς accusative to Refs 2nd c.AD+ adverb of Manner, Relat. as, in such manner as, and with interrogative force how, in what manner, rarely indefinite, see below Refs 4th c.BC+ __B FINAL CONJUNCTION, in such a manner that, in order that. adverb of Manner, how, as: __B.I Relat. to ὥς or οὕτως (like ὡς), in such manner as, as: __B.I.1 with the ordinary Constr. of the Relat.: __B.I.1.a with indicative, ἦ τοι νόστον, ὅπως φρεσὶ σῇσι μενοινᾷς, ὥς τοι Ζεὺς τελέσειεν Refs 8th c.BC+ adverb, με τοῖον ἔθηκεν, ὅπως (for οἷον)Refs 8th c.BC+; ὅ. ἔχω as I am, on the spot, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.1.b with future indicative, especially after Verbs of seeing, providing, taking care.., in the manner in which, how, that, οἱ Περσικοὶ νόμοι ἐπιμέλονται ὅπως μὴ τοιοῦτοι ἔσονται οἱ πολῖται Refs 5th c.BC+: this future indicative may become optative after a historical tense, ἐπεμελεῖτο ὅπως μήτε ἄσιτοι μήτε ἄποτοί ποτε ἔσοιντο Refs 5th c.BC+; and ὅπως is frequently used interchangeably with such forms as δι᾽ ὧν, ὅτῳ τρόπῳ, etc., εἰσηγοῦνται μὴ δι᾽ ὧν.. ἀσκήσουσιν, ἀλλ᾽ ὅπως.. δόξουσι Refs 5th c.BC+: this sense easily passes into a final sense, so that, τοῦτο ἀπόβαλε οὕτω ὅκως μηκέτι ἥξει Refs 5th c.BC+; οὕτω δ᾽ (i.e. ποίει) ὅπως μήτηρ σε μὴ 'πιγνώσεται Refs 5th c.BC+; see below Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.2 with ἄν (Epic dialect κε) and subjunctive in indefinite sentences, in whatever way, just as, however, ὅππως κεν ἐθέλῃσιν Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.I.2.b with optative after historical tenses, οὕτως ὅ. τύχοιεν Refs 5th c.BC+; in a gnomic statement, εἰκῇ κράτιστον ζῆν ὅ. δύναιτό τις Refs 5th c.BC+ however one might think fit to call it, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.I.3 a very common phrase is οὐκ ἔστιν ὅ. (οὐκ ἔσθ᾽ ὅπως) there is no way in which.., it cannot be that, οὐκ ἔστι ὅκως κοτὲ σοὺς δέξονται λόγους Refs 5th c.BC+; so οὐκ ἔστιν ὅ. οὐ, fieri non potest quin, οὐκ ἔσθ᾽ ὅ. οὐ πιστὸν ἐξ ὑμῶν πτερὸν ἐξήγαγ᾽ Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐδαμῶς ὅ. οὐ, in answer, it must positively be so, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐ γὰρ γένοιτ᾽ ἄν, ταῦθ᾽ ὅ. οὐχ ὧδ᾽ ἔχειν (anacoluthon for ἔχει or ἕξει) Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔστιν οὖν ὅ. ὁ τοιοῦτος φιλοσοφήσε; Refs 5th c.BC+ may be followed by optative with ἄν, οὐ γάρ ἐσθ᾽ ὅπως μί᾽ ἡμέρα γένοιτ᾽ ἂν ἡμέραι δύο Refs 5th c.BC+ is omitted in οὐκ ἔσθ᾽ ὅπως λέξαιμι Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.4 in Trag., etc., like{ὡς} in comparisons, κῦμ᾽ ὅπως Refs 5th c.BC+; ὅπως δρῦν ὑλοτόμοι σχίζουσι κάρα Refs 5th c.BC+; so in Locrian dialect Prose, ὅπω(σ)ξένον Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.5 like{ὡς} or ὅτι, with superlative of Advs., ὅ. ἄριστα Refs 4th c.BC+; ὅ. ἀνωτάτω as high up as possible, Refs 5th c.BC+; in full, οὕτως ὅ. ἥδιστα (i.e. ἔχει) Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.6 with a genitive added, σοῦσθε ὅ. ποδῶν run as you are off for feet, i. e. as quick as you can, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.7 sometimes of Time, when, Τρῶες.. ὅπως ἴδον αἷμ᾽ Ὀδυσῆος.., ἐπ᾽ αὐτῷ πάντες ἔβησαν Refs 8th c.BC+ with optative, whenever, ὅκως μὲν εἴη ἐν τῇ γῇ καρπὸς ἁδρός Refs: in Trag. and Comedy texts, Refs 5th c.BC+: with superlative of Advs., ὅ. πρῶτα as soon as, Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.I.8 of Place, where, uncertain in Refs 3rd c.BC+ __B.II ὅπως is sometimes used to introduce the substance of a statement, after Verbs of saying, thinking, or perceiving, that, how, λόγῳ ἀνάπεισον ὅκως.. Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦτ᾽ αὐτὸ μή μοι φράζ᾽, ὅπως οὐκ εἶ κακός Refs 5th c.BC+; after ἐλπίζειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; after Verbs of emotion, ἐμοὶ δ᾽ ἄχος.., ὅπως δὴ δηρὸν ἀποίχεται grief is mine, when I think how.. (i. e. that.. ), Refs 8th c.BC+; after θαυμάζω frequently in Attic dialect, θαυμάζω ὅ. ποτὲ ἐπείσθησαν Ἀθηναῖοι Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.2 οὐχ ὅ... ἀλλὰ or ἀλλὰ καὶ.. is not only not.. but.., and is explained by an ellipsis of λέγω or ἐρῶ (compare ὅτι IV), οὐχ ὅ. κωλυταὶ.. γενήσεσθε, ἀλλὰ καὶ.. δύναμιν προσλαβεῖν περιόψεσθε not only will you not become.., but you will also.., Refs 5th c.BC+ do not think that you could dance = so far from being able to dance, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.2.b οὐχ ὅ. rarely follows another clause, to say nothing of.., let alone.., πεπαύμεθ᾽ ἡμεῖς, οὐχ ὅ. σε παύσομεν Refs 5th c.BC+; μηδ᾽ ἐμπίδα, οὐχ ὅπως ταῦρον ἔτι ἄρασθαι δυνάμενος.. let alone a bull, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __B.III in in direct questions, how, in what way or manner: __B.III.1 with indicative, __B.III.1.a ἔσπετε νῦν μοι ὅππως δὴ.. πῦρ ἔμπεσε νηυσίν Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.III.1.b notably future after Verbs of deliberation (like the subjunctive, seeRefs; φράζευ ὅπως Δαναοῖσιν ἀλεξήσεις κακὸν ἦμαρ (variant{ἀλεξήσῃς})Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.III.2 with deliberative subjunctive after Verbs of deliberation, taking care, and the like, λεύσσει ὅπως ὄχ᾽ ἄριστα.. γένηται Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐνόησεν (gnomic aorist) ὅππως κέρδος ἔῃ Refs 8th c.BC+—Sts. the future and subjunctive are conjoined without difference of meaning, ἐπράττετο γὰρ.., πρῶτον μὲν ὅπως μὴ περιμείνητε.., δεύτερον δὲ ὅπως ψηφιε̄σθε.., τρίτον δὲ ὅπως μὴ ἔσται Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.III.3 with optative after tenses of past time, τῶν ἀδῄλων ὅπως ἀποβήσοιτο Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.III.4 with optative and ἄν frequently expressing a wish, which in direct speech would be expressed by πῶς ἄν, σκόπει ὅ. ἂν ἀποθάνοιμεν ἀνδρικώτατα Refs 5th c.BC+ and subjunctive sometimes appear in consecutive clauses, Refs __B.III.5 ὅπως ἄν (κεν) with the subjunctive is used after imperative or infinitive used as imperative, πείρα ὅπως κεν δὴ σὴν πατρίδα γαῖαν ἵκηαι Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.III.6 rarely with infinitive, ἐπιμελήθητε προθύμως ὅπως διπλάσια.. σῖτα καὶ ποτὰ παρασκευασθῆναι Refs 5th c.BC+; so later ὅπως παρακολουθῆμεν (Doric dialect infinitive) Refs 2nd c.BC+; ὅπως.. ἔχειν, ὅπως.. εἴργεσθαι, Refs 1st c.BC+ __B.III.7 after Verbs of fear and caution, ὅπως and ὅπως μή are used with future indicative or aorist subjunctive:— the readings are frequently uncertain: the following (among others) are made certain either by the metre or the form, __B.III.7.a with future indicative, δέδοιχ᾽ ὅπως μὴ τεύξομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: sometimes the preceding Verb is omitted, ὅπως μὴ οὐκ.. ἔσομαι Refs __B.III.7.b with aorist subjunctive, τὴν θεὸν δ᾽ ὅ. λάθω δέδοικα Refs 5th c.BC+: rarely with present, οὐ φοβεῖ ὅ. μὴ ἀνόσιον πρᾶγμα τυγχάνῃς πράττων Refs 5th c.BC+: sometimes the preceding Verb is omitted, with aorist subjunctive, ὅκως μή τι ὑμῖν πανώλεθρον κακὸν ἐς τὴν χώρην ἐσβάλωσι Refs 5th c.BC+: with present subjunctive, ὅπως μὴ.. ᾖ τοῦτο Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.III.7.c with optative representing subjunctive after a historical tense, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.III.8 this Constr. is used in admonitions or commands: in the originally Constr. a Verb implying caution or circumspection precedes, ὅρα ὅκως μή σευ ἀποστήσονται Πέρσαι Refs 5th c.BC+ with future indicative or aorist subjunctive are exactly = the imperative, ἔμβα χὤπως ἀρεῖς Refsfuture indicative, ὅκως λόγον δώσεις τῶν μετεχείρισας χρημάτων, ={δίδου λόγον}, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὅπως παρέσει μοι, ={πάρισθι}, Refs 5th c.BC+: rarely with I person, ὁποῖα κισσὸς δρυός, ὅπως τῆσδ᾽ ἕξομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: very rarely with aorist subjunctive, ὅπως μή τι ἡμᾶς σφήλῃ Refs 5th c.BC+ —The codices frequently vary, as between διδάξεις and -ξῃς Refs 5th c.BC+; τιμωρήσονται and -ωνταιRefs 5th c.BC+; θορυβήσει and -σῃRefs 4th c.BC+ —Since the future is frequently, and the aorist (whether 1 or 2) rarely guaranteed by metre or form, the aorist 1 forms should probably be rejected, both in signification 7 and 8, in cases where codices vary. __B.III.9 as the echo to a preceding πῶ; in dialogue, A καὶ πῶ; B ὅπως"; [do you ask] how? Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.III.10 with a genitive (see.Refsin the matter of.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.IV in direct questions, how? ἔπραξας ὅπω; Refs 4th c.AD+-C.; compare ὅστις. __B.V indefinite, anyhow, τὸ οὐδ᾽ ὅ. the expression 'not at all', Refs 5th c.BC+ __B FINAL CONJUNCTION, that, in order that, the original notion of modality being merged in that of purpose or design, compare ἵνα, with which it is sometimes interchanged, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.1 with subjunctive, __B.1.a after primary tenses, or after subjunctive or imperative, τὸν δὲ μνηστῆρες.. λοχῶσιν, ὅπως ἀπὸ φῦλον ὄληται Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.1.b after historical tenses (see. ἵνα Refs 5th c.BC+perfect form, or when the aorist represents the perfect, ξυνελέγημεν ἐνθάδε, ὅ. προμελετήσωμεν we were convened, i. e. we have met in assembly, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.: sometimes the optative and subjunctive appear in consecutive clauses, φρυκτοὺς παρεσκευασμένους ἐς αὐτὸ τοῦτο, ὅπως ἀσαφῆ τὰ σημεῖα.. ᾖ καὶ μὴ βοηθοῖεν Refs __B.2 with optative after historical tenses, πὰρ δέ οἱ αὐτὸς ἔστη, ὅπως.. κῆρας ἀλάλκοι Refs 8th c.BC+; so in Refs 5th c.BC+: after historical present, πέμπει τούσδ᾽ ὅπως κτείνοιεν Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.3 with indicative, __B.3.a of historical tenses, where the principal clause expresses an action or obligation unfulfilled, εἴθ᾽ εἶχε φωνὴν ἔμφρον᾽ ἀγγέλου δίκην, ὅ. δίφροντις οὖσα μὴ 'κινυσσόμην Refs 5th c.BC+: rare in Prose, ἐδεξάμην ἃν.. φράσαι πρὸς ὑμᾶς.., ὅ... προῄδετε Refs 5th c.BC+; τίς οὐκ ἂν.. ταῦτα ἐδήλωσεν, ὅ... ταῦτα ἠλέγχθ; Refs 5th c.BC+; τί.. οὐκ ἔρριψ᾽ ἐμαυτὴν.. ὅ. ἀπηλλάγη; Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.3.b of future, θέλγει, ὅ. Ἰθάκης ἐπιλήσεται (= φραζομένη ὅπως ἐ.) Refs 8th c.BC+: sometimes future indicative and aorist subjunctive are conjoined, σιγᾶθ᾽, ὅ. μὴ πεύσεταί τις, ὦ τέκνα, γλώσσης χάριν δὲ πάντ᾽ ἀπαγγείλῃ τάδε Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.II ὅπως with subjunctive is sometimes used after Verbs of will and endeavour, instead of the infinitive, λίσσεσθαι.. ὅ. νημερτέα εἴπῃ Refs 8th c.BC+; παρακελεύεσθε ὑμῖν αὐτοῖς ὅ... ἐξίητε Refs 5th c.BC+; so δεῖ σ᾽ ὅ. δείξεις (for δεῖξαι), Refs 5th c.BC+

II. [עָבוּר] n. only in בַּעֲבוּר47, בַּעֲבֻר (Gn 27:10, 31), prep. and conj. for the sake of, on account of, in order that (perhaps orig. for the produce or gain of), sf. בַּעֲבוּרִי, 1 S 23:10, etc.;— 1. as prep.: a. Gn 3:17 ארורה האדמה בעבורך for thy sake, 8:21 בעבור האדם for man’s sake, 12:13 לְמַעַן יִיטַב־לִי בַּעֲבוּרֵךְ, v 16; 18:26, 29, 26:24 Ex 9:16 ב׳ זֹאת, 13:8 ב׳ זה, 1 S 12:22 2 S 5:12; 6:12; 7:21; 9:1, 7 Am 2:6; 8:6 ואביון ב׳ נַעֲלָ֑יִם, Mi 2:10 ב׳ טָמְאָה on account of uncleanness, ψ 106:32; 132:10, etc.; 2 S 12:21 ב׳ הַיֶּלֶד חַי because of the child, (being) alive (= while he was alive), Je 14:4 ב׳ הָאֲדָמָה חַ֫תָּה on account of the ground, (which) is dismayed, Jb 20:2 וּבַעֲבוּר חוּשִׁי בִּי read וב׳ זֹאת, or וּבַעְבוּרָהּ. Je 14:4 הָאֲדָמָה חַתּוּ וְעֹבְדֵר Du, cf. 𝔊. †b. sq. inf. (cf. לְמַעַן), in order to, Ex 9:16 ב׳ הַרְאֹתְךָ אֶת־כֹּחִי, 1 S 1:6; 2 S 10:3 ב׳ חֲקֹר את־העיר, 18:18: so לְבַעֲבוּר Ex 20:20; 2 S 14:20; 17:14; בעבור לְ 1 Ch 19:3 (‖ 2 S 10:3, no לְ). †2. as conj. Gn 27:10 ב׳ אֲשֶׁר יְבָרֶכְךָ; without אשׁר, Gn 21:30 ב׳ תִּהְיֶה לִי לְעֵדָה in order that it may be a witness for me, 27:4 ב׳ תְּבָרֶכְךָ נפשׁי, v 19, 31; 46:34 Ex 9:14; 19:9; 20:20 ψ 105:45.