H6605b H6605b
To engrave or incise designs on stone, metal, or wood, especially for priestly garments and temple furnishings.
A Piel verb distinct from patach I ('to open'), this root refers to the skilled craft of engraving inscriptions and decorative motifs onto hard surfaces. It appears in Exodus for the engraving of tribal names on the high priest's onyx stones and the golden plate's inscription 'Holy to the LORD' (Exod 28:9-11, 36), and in Kings and Chronicles for temple ornamentation (1 Kgs 7:36; 2 Chr 3:7). Zechariah 3:9 uses it metaphorically of God engraving a stone. The Spanish 'grabó' and English 'engrave' consistently capture this specialized artisan sense.
Senses
1. engrave (Piel/Pual) — To engrave or incise decorative or inscriptional designs onto stone, metal, or wood, used exclusively in the Piel and Pual stems for skilled craftsmanship. The cognate accusative pittuchei chotam ('engravings of a seal') in Exodus 28:11, 36 and 39:6 highlights the precision required. Across languages -- Spanish 'grabó,' English 'engrave,' German 'gravieren' -- translations uniformly point to artisanal incision rather than mere scratching. All nine occurrences cluster in sacral contexts: priestly vestments, temple panels, and the prophetic stone of Zechariah 3:9. 9×
AR["أَنْقُشُ", "تَنقُشُ", "لِ-يَنْقُشَ", "مَنْقُوشَةً", "وَ-تَنقُشُ", "وَ-لِ-يَنْقُشَ", "وَ-نَقَشَ"]·ben["আর-খোদাই-করতে", "আর-খোদাই-করলেন", "এবং-তিনি-খোদাই-করলেন", "এবং-তুমি-খোদাই-করবে", "খোদাই-করছি", "খোদাই-করতে", "খোদাই-করা", "তুমি-খোদাই-করবে"]·DE["[ולפתח]", "[לפתח]", "du-soll-gravieren", "gravierte", "und-Eingang", "und-du-soll-gravieren", "und-er-engraved", "von-oeffnete"]·EN["and-he-engraved", "and-to-engrave", "and-you-shall-engrave", "engraved", "engraving", "to-engrave", "you-shall-engrave"]·FR["[ולפתח]", "[ופתח]", "[לפתח]", "et-il-engraved", "et-tu---graver", "grava", "graver", "tu---graver"]·heb["ו-ל-פתח", "ו-פיתח", "ו-פיתחת", "ו-פתח", "ל-פתח", "מפותחות", "מפתח", "תפתח"]·HI["और-खोदना", "और-खोदने", "और-खोदा", "और-खोदे", "खुदे-हुए", "खोदता-हूं", "खोदना", "खोदने"]·ID["dan-diukir", "dan-engkau-akan-mengukir", "dan-ia-mengukir", "dan-untuk-mengukir", "diukir", "engkau-akan-mengukir", "mengukir", "untuk-mengukir"]·IT["[ולפתח]", "[ופתח]", "[לפתח]", "[מפתח]", "e-egli-incise", "e-tu-shall-incidere", "incise", "tu-shall-incidere"]·jav["dipunukir", "kanggé-ukir", "lan-dipunukir", "lan-kanggé-ukir", "lan-ngukir", "ngukir", "panjenengan-badhé-ngukir", "sarta-panjenengan-badhé-ngukirake"]·KO["그리고-그가-새겼다", "그리고-새겼다", "그리고-새기라", "그리고-새기려고-", "너는-새기라", "새기도다", "새기려고-", "새긴"]·PT["E-gravou", "e-entalhei", "e-gravarás", "e-para-entalhar", "gravadas", "gravando", "gravarás", "para-entalhar"]·RU["вырежь", "вырезанные", "вырезать", "вырезающий", "и-вырежь", "и-вырезал", "и-вырезать"]·ES["Y-grabó", "grabadas", "grabando", "grabar", "grabarás", "y-grabarás", "y-grabó", "y-para-grabar"]·SW["Na-akachora", "kuchonga", "na-akachonga", "na-kuchonga", "na-utachora", "ninachonga", "utachora", "yaliyochongwa"]·TR["açıyorum", "işlemek", "kazınmış", "oyacaksın", "ve-işlemek", "ve-oyacaksın", "ve-oydu"]·urd["اور-کندہ کیا", "اور-کندہ-کرو", "اور-کھودا", "اور-کھودنے-کو", "کندہ", "کندہ-کرتا-ہوں", "کندہ-کرو", "کھودنے-کو"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H5046 2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim (79×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† II. [פָּתַח] vb. Pi. engrave (NH Pi. id., פִּתּוּחַ = BH, and so 𝔗; Assyrian patâḫu, bore, penetrate; cf. perhaps Arabic فَتَخَةٌ, فَتْخَةٌ ring (cf. Frä 252));—Pf. 3 ms. פִּתַּח 2 Ch 3:7, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיְפַתַּח 1 K 7:36; 2 ms. תְּפַתַּח Ex 28:11; Inf. cstr. לְפַתֵּחַ 2 Ch 2:6, 13; Pt. מְפַתֵּחַ Zc 3:9;—engrave, c. acc. + עַל, on metal 1 K 7:36 2 Ch 3:7; Ex 28:36 (acc. cogn. פִּתּוּחֵי…