H5377 H5377
To deceive, beguile, or lead astray; primarily in the Hifil stem for active deception, with a Nifal passive and rare extensions.
At the heart of this verb lies the act of beguiling—leading someone to believe what is false. It enters Scripture at humanity's first deception: 'The serpent deceived me, and I ate' (Gen 3:13). The Hifil stem dominates, carrying warnings against trusting false prophets and enemy kings who mislead (2 Kgs 18:29; 2 Chr 32:15; Isa 36:14). Spanish engañar and French tromper consistently render the active deception, while German betrogen emphasizes the breach of trust involved. A striking outlier is Psalm 55:15, where the verb shades toward sudden overtaking—death rushing upon the wicked—showing how deception and ambush share the element of surprise.
1. deceive, beguile (Hifil active) — The main sense: actively deceiving or misleading someone, used across all Hifil conjugations. Hezekiah's enemies warn Judah 'do not let him deceive you' (2 Kgs 18:29; Isa 36:14), and Jeremiah warns 'do not deceive yourselves' (Jer 37:9). Spanish engañar, French tromper, and German betrügen all converge on deliberate misleading, confirming this as the root's semantic center across 13 occurrences. 13×
amh["አሳተህ","አሳቱህ"]·AR["أَغْوَتْنِي","تَخْدَعُوا","خدعك","خدعوك","خَدَعَكَ","خَدَعْتَ","يَخْدَعَنَّكُمْ","يَخْدَعُكُمْ","يَخْدَعْكَ","يَخْدَعْكُمْ"]·ben["তোমরা-প্রতারণা-কর","তোমাকে-প্রতারণা-করুক","তোমাদেরকে-প্রতারণা-করুক","প্রতারণা-করল-আমাকে","প্রতারণা-করুক","প্রতারণা-করে","প্রতারণা-করেছে-তোমাকে","প্রতারিত-করুক","প্রতারিত-করুক-তোমাকে","প্রতারিত-করেছ","প্রতারিত-করেছে"]·ces["oklamala-tě","oklamali-tě"]·dan["bedårede-dig,"]·DE["[ישיא]","betrog-dich","betrogen-dich","betruegen","er-erhebt","hat-mich-verführt","lass-deceive","lass-deceive-du"]·ell["σε-εξαπάτησαν·","σε-εξαπάτησε,"]·EN["You-have-deceived","deceive","deceive-you","deceived-me","has-deceived","has-deceived-you","have-deceived-you","let-deceive","let-deceive-you","utterly-"]·FR["[ישיא]","que-trompe","que-trompe-tu","t'a-trompé,","t'ont-trompé,","trompa-moi","tromper"]·guj["છેતર્યા-તને","છેતર્યો-તને"]·hat["twonpe-ou"]·hau["sun-ruɗe-ka","ya-ruɗe-ka"]·heb["השא","השאת","השיא","השיאוך","השיאך","השיאני-י","ישיא","ישיאו","ישיאך","תשאו"]·HI["उन्होंने-तुझे-धोखा-दिया","तुझे-धोखा-दिया","धोखा-दिया","धोखा-दिया-तूने","धोखा-दे","धोखा-दे-तुझे","धोखा-देकर","धोखा-दो","बहकाएँ","बहकाया-मुझे","भटकाए"]·hun["becsaptak-téged","megcsalt-téged"]·ID["Engkau-menipu","benar-benar","kalian-menipu","menipu","menipu-kamu","menipumu","telah-memperdayaku","telah-menipu","telah-menipu-engkau"]·IT["[ישיא]","alzera","ingannare","ingannò-me","lascia-inganna","lascia-inganna-tu","ti-ha-ingannato","ti-hanno-ingannato"]·jav["Panjenengan-ngapusi","dipun-apu","dipun-apu-panjenengan","dipun-apusi","ngapusi","nyasaraken-panjenengan","nyasaraken-panjenengan-sadaya","nyulayani","sampun-ngapusi-kula","sampun-ngapusi-panjenengan"]·JA["あなたを欺いた","彼らはあなたを欺いた"]·KO["너를-속였으니","속였다","속였습니다","속이게-하라","속이게-하라-너를","속이라","속이셨다","속이지","속이지-못하게-하라","심히"]·mar["फसवले-तुला","फसवले-तुला।"]·mya["လှည့်ဖျားခဲ့ပြီး"]·nld["hebben-u-bedrogen","heeft-u-bedrogen"]·nor["bedro-deg"]·pnb["دھوکا-دِتا-تینوں"]·pol["oszukali-cię","zwiodła-cię"]·PT["enganar","enganaste","engane","engane-te","enganeis","enganou","me-enganou","te-enganaram","te-engane","te-enganou","vos-enga-nem","vos-engane"]·ron["te-a-amăgit,","te-au-amăgit,"]·RU["обманул","обманул-Ты","обманул-меня","обманула-тебя","обманули-тебя","обманывает","обманывает-тебя","обманывайте","обманывают","обманывая","пусть-обманывает","пусть-обманывает-тебя"]·ES["engañar","engañaste","engañéis","me-engañó","os-engañe","os-engañen","te-engañaron","te-engañe","te-engañó","te-ha-engañado"]·SW["acha-mdanganywe","ache-ukadanganywe-na","alinidanganya","asikudanganye","awadanganye","imekudanganya","kimekudanganya","kuwahadaa","msidanganye","umewahadaa","wadanganye","wamekudanganya","yashiּy"]·swe["bedrög-de-dig","bedrög-dig"]·tam["உன்னை-ஏமாற்றினார்கள்","உன்னை-ஏமாற்றியது"]·tel["మోసపరచినది-నిన్ను","మోసపరచిరి-నిన్ను"]·tgl["nilinlang-ka"]·TH["หลอกลวงเจ้า"]·TR["aldasin","aldasin-seni","aldatma","aldatsınlar","aldattı","aldattın","aldatı-beni","aldatırken","kandırmayın","kandırsın","kandırsın-seni","seni-aldattı","seni-aldattılar"]·ukr["оманила-тебе","ошукали-тебе"]·urd["بہکائے","دھوکا-دیا-تجھے","دھوکا-دیں","دھوکا-دے","دھوکا-دے-تجھے","دھوکہ-دو","دھوکہ-دیا","دھوکہ-دیا-مجھے","دھوکہ-دے","دھوکہ-دے-تجھے","فریب-دیا","فریب-سے"]·VI["họ-đã-lừa-dối-ngươi","đã-lừa-dối-ngươi"]·yor["ti-tàn-ọ́-jẹ,","wọ́n-ti-tàn-ọ́-jẹ"]·yue["欺哄-咗你"]·ZH["欺骗了你"]
Gen 3:13, 2 Kgs 18:29, 2 Kgs 19:10, 2 Chr 32:15, Isa 36:14, Isa 37:10, Jer 4:10, Jer 4:10, Jer 29:8, Jer 37:9, Jer 49:16, Obad 1:3 (+1 more)
▼ 3 more senses below
Senses
2. be deceived (Nifal passive) — The Nifal passive: to be deceived or beguiled. Appearing once in Isaiah 19:13, where Egypt's princes 'have been deceived' (parallel to 'have become fools'). Spanish fueron engañados preserves the passive voice clearly, showing that these leaders are victims of their own false counsel rather than agents of deception. 1×
AR["اِنْخَدَعَ"]·ben["প্রতারিত-হয়েছে"]·DE["sie-erhoben"]·EN["are-deceived"]·FR["tromper"]·heb["נישאו"]·HI["धोखा-खा-गए"]·ID["tertipu"]·IT["ingannare"]·jav["dipun-apusi"]·KO["속았으니"]·PT["foram-enganados"]·RU["обманулись"]·ES["fueron-engañados"]·SW["wamedanganywa"]·TR["aldatildilar"]·urd["دھوکا-کھائے"]
3. come upon, overtake suddenly — An extended sense of sudden onset or overtaking, found in Psalm 55:15 where the psalmist calls for death to 'come upon' the wicked. English 'let come' and Spanish acometa ('let it assail') reflect this shift from cognitive deception to physical ambush—both share the semantic thread of being caught unawares. 1×
AR["لِيَأتِ"]·ben["আসুক"]·DE["lass-kommen"]·EN["let-come"]·FR["séduire"]·heb["ישית"]·IT["inganno'"]·jav["sareng-sareng"]·KO["죽음-이"]·PT["Que-a-morte"]·RU["да-обрушится"]·ES["acometa"]·SW["(mauti)"]·TR["(aldırsın)"]·urd["آئے"]
4. utterly, completely (Qal intensifier) — A rare adverbial use as a Qal infinitive absolute intensifying a nearby verb, found in Jeremiah 23:39. The multilingual glosses diverge notably—English 'lifting,' Spanish 'forgetting,' French tromper—reflecting uncertainty about whether this derives from the same root or a homonymous one meaning 'to lift' or 'to forget.' 1×
AR["نِسْيَانًا"]·ben["তুলতে"]·DE["erhob"]·EN["lifting"]·FR["tromper"]·heb["נשוא"]·HI["उठाकर"]·ID["dengan-pasti"]·IT["alzo"]·jav["nilar"]·KO["완전히"]·PT["esquecendo"]·RU["забвением"]·ES["olvidando"]·SW["kabisa"]·TR["tamamen"]·urd["بالکل"]
Related Senses
H3605 1. all, every, whole (5352×)H0259 1. one (cardinal numeral) (940×)H8147 1. cardinal number two (666×)G3956 1. all (collective plural) (616×)H3967 1. cardinal numeral hundred (550×)H1419a 1. great, large (general quality) (486×)H7969 1. cardinal number three (431×)H0505 1. cardinal number thousand (427×)H7651 1. seven (cardinal number) (393×)G1520 1. cardinal number one (339×)H6240 1. ten (cardinal number) (334×)H6242 1. twenty (cardinal number) (315×)H2568 1. cardinal number five (309×)H0702 1. four (cardinal number) (277×)G4102 1. faith, trust, belief (239×)G4100 1. believe / have faith in (233×)G3956 2. every, each (distributive) (227×)H8337 1. six (cardinal number) (215×)G3956 3. all things, everything (substantive) (211×)G3956 4. (187×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† II. [נָשָׁא] vb. only Niph.Hiph. beguile, deceive;—(kindred with I. שׁוא, from which, however, the forms can hardly be derived (conj. WeComp 2. 351));— Niph. Pf. 3 pl. נִשְּׁאוּ Is 19:13 the princes have been beguiled (‖ נוֹאֲלוּ, הִתְעוּ). Hiph. Pf. הִשִּׁיא Je 49:16, sf. הִשִּׁאַ֫נִי Gn 3:13, הִשִּׁיאֶ֑ךָ Ob 3; 2 ms. הִשֵּׁאתָ Je 4:10; 3 pl. sf. הִשִּׁיא֫וּךָ Ob 7; Impf. only juss. יַשִּׁיא 2…