H4195 H4195
abundance, excess; superiority, advantage
A noun with two related meanings: abundance or surplus, and superiority or advantage. In Proverbs it appears twice contrasted with 'lack'—hard work leads to abundance, but hasty planning only to want (14:23, 21:5). Ecclesiastes uses it philosophically to question whether humans have any real advantage over animals (3:19). The term can denote either material surplus or qualitative superiority, both emphasizing 'more than' or 'better than.'
Senses
1. sense 1 — Multilingual glosses show two senses: material abundance (Spanish 'ganancia'/profit) and qualitative advantage (Spanish 'ventaja'/advantage). Proverbs 14:23 and 21:5 promise that diligent labor leads to abundance while shortcuts lead to poverty. Ecclesiastes 3:19 asks the haunting question whether humanity has any advantage over beasts, since both die and return to dust. The term bridges economic surplus and existential superiority, both asking what endures beyond mere existence. 3×
AR["فائِدَةٌ", "لِلْوَفْرَةِ", "وَلَيْسَ"]·ben["এবং-শ্রেষ্ঠতা", "লাভ", "লাভের-দিকে"]·DE["Vorteil", "und-Vorteil", "zu-Vorteil"]·EN["and-advantage-of", "profit", "to-abundance"]·FR["et-ומותר", "à-למותר", "מותר"]·heb["ו-מותר", "ל-מותר", "מותר"]·HI["और-लाभ", "लाभ", "लाभ-के-लिए"]·ID["dan-kelebihan", "keuntungan", "untuk-kelimpahan"]·IT["e-e-advantage-of", "per-a-abundance", "profitto"]·jav["kanggé-katuah", "kauntungan", "lan-kaluwihaning"]·KO["그리고-남음", "이익-이", "풍요를-위함이요"]·PT["e-vantagem-de", "lucro", "para-abundância"]·RU["и-преимущества", "к-изобилию", "прибыль"]·ES["ganancia", "para-ganancia", "y-ventaja-de"]·SW["faida", "huleta-faida", "na-ubora-wa"]·TR["bolluğa-götürür", "kar", "ve-fazlaligi"]·urd["اور-فضیلت", "فائدہ", "فائدے-کے-لیے"]
Related Senses
G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2781 1. disgrace, shame, dishonor (68×)G2307 1. will, desire, purpose (63×)G5463 1. rejoice, be glad (63×)G0027 1. beloved (61×)H8130 1. Qal: to hate, detest (60×)G5479 1. (59×)G1680 1. (53×)H8130 2. Qal ptcp: hater, enemy (53×)H0014 1. be willing, want (51×)H0157 2. lover, friend (Qal participle substantive) (51×)H1945 1. woe (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† מוֹתָר n.m. Pr 14:23 abundance, pre-eminence;— 1. abundance, plenty מוֹתָ֑ר Pr 14:23; 21:5 (in both opp. מַחְסוֹר). 2. 2, מוֹתַר הָאָדָם מִן־הַבְּהֵמָה אָיִן Ec 3:19 the superiority of man over beast is nothing.