H3046 H3046
To know, perceive, or understand; in the causative, to make known, declare, or reveal information to another.
An Aramaic cognate of Hebrew yadaʿ, this verb spans the full arc of cognition from simple awareness to authoritative declaration. In Daniel and Ezra it appears most often in its Haphel (causative) form, where kings and officials 'make known' dreams, decrees, and legal matters. The Peal (basic) stem covers ordinary knowing and perceiving, while the passive participle marks what is publicly recognized or established. Spanish and French translations consistently distinguish 'hacer saber / faire savoir' (cause to know) from 'conocer / connaître' (to know), confirming the causative-versus-basic split across the senses.
Senses
1. to make known, declare — The Haphel causative: to cause someone to know, to declare, inform, or reveal. This is the most frequent use in Ezra-Daniel, where court officials 'make known' (Ezra 4:14, 16) or God reveals hidden things (Dan 2:28-29). The multilingual evidence is decisive: English 'make known,' Spanish 'hacer saber / dar a conocer,' and French 'faire savoir / faire connaître' all employ causative periphrasis, distinguishing this clearly from simple cognition. 24×
AR["أَخْبَرَ", "أَخْبَرَ-كَ", "أَخْبَرْتَ-نَا", "أَخْبَرْتَ-نِي", "أَعْلَمَنِي", "أَنْ-تُعَرِّفَنِي", "أَنْ-يُعَرِّفُوا", "أَنْ-يُعَرِّفُونِي", "تُخْبِرُونِي", "سَأُعَرِّفُهُ", "لِ-تُخْبِرَ-نِي", "نُعْلِمُ", "وَ-أَعْلَمْنَا", "يُخْبِرُ", "يُعَرِّفُونِي"]·ben["আমাকে-জানাক", "আমাকে-জানাতে", "আমাকে-জানাবেন", "আর-জানাচ্ছি", "জানাও-আমাকে", "জানাচ্ছি", "জানাচ্ছিল", "জানাতে", "জানাতে-আমাকে", "জানানো-হচ্ছে", "জানাবে", "জানালেন", "জানিয়েছেন", "জানিয়েছেন-আপনাকে", "জানিয়েছেন-আমাকে", "জানিয়েছেন-আমাদের", "তাকে-জানাব"]·DE["[והודענא]", "[מהודעין]", "wissen-lassen"]·EN["I-will-make-known-to-him", "You-have-made-known-to-me", "You-have-made-known-to-us", "and-informed", "has-made-known", "he-made-known-to-me", "informing", "made-known", "made-known-to-you", "making-known", "to-make-known", "to-make-known-to-me", "we-make-known", "will-make-known", "you-make-known-to-me"]·FR["et-faire-savoir", "faire-connaître", "faire-savoir"]·heb["אודיענו", "הודיע", "הודיעך", "הודעתנו", "הודעתני", "ו-הודענא", "יודיע", "יודיעני", "להודיע", "להודיעני", "מהודעין", "מודיעים", "תודיעוני"]·HI["और-सूचित-किया-है", "बता-रहे-थे", "बताई", "बताई-है-हमें", "बताएगा", "बताएगा-मुझे", "बताओगे-मुझे", "बताने-के-लिए-मुझे", "बताने-को", "बताया-है", "बताया-है-तुझे", "बताया-है-मुझे", "मुझे-बताने", "मुझे-बताने-को", "मैं-उसे-बताऊंगा", "हम-सूचित-करते-हैं"]·ID["Engkau-memberitahukan-kepada-kami", "Engkau-memberitahukan-kepadaku", "Kami-memberitahukan", "akan-memberitahukan", "aku-akan-beritahukan-kepadanya", "dan-kami-beritahukan", "ia-beritahukan-kepadaku", "kami-memberitahukan", "kamu-memberitahuku", "memberitahukan", "memberitahukan-kepadaku", "memberitahukan-kepadamu", "mereka-beritahukan"]·IT["e-far-sapere", "far-conoscere", "far-sapere"]·jav["Panjenengan-nedahaken-dhateng-kawula", "badhe-nedahaken", "dipun-matur-uningakaken", "dipun-ngandikakaken", "dipunpratelakaken-dhateng-kula", "kangge-nedahaken-dhateng-kawula", "kula-badhé-matur", "matur", "matur-dhateng-kula", "matur-uninga", "nedahaken", "nedahaken-dhateng-kawula", "nedahaken-panjenengan", "ngandikakaken-dhateng-kula", "panjenengan-nedahaken-dhateng-kawula"]·KO["그리고-알렸다", "내게-알리기-를", "내게-알리려", "내게-알리면", "너희가-알리지", "알게-하리이다", "알려주셨다-나에게", "알려주셨다-우리에게", "알려주었다", "알려주었다-나에게", "알렸다", "알리기-를", "알리는자들", "알리도록-나에게", "알리셨다", "알리셨다-당신에게", "알릴-것이다"]·PT["Informamos", "de-fazer-saber-me", "e-informamos", "fará-saber", "fazendo-conhecer", "fazer-conhecer", "fez-saber", "fez-saber-te", "fizerdes-saber-me", "fizeste-saber-me", "fizeste-saber-nos", "informamos", "lhe-farei-conhecer", "me-fazer-conhecer", "me-fez-conhecer"]·RU["Сообщаем", "и-сообщаем", "известил", "известил-мне", "известил-нам", "известил-тебе", "известит", "известите-мне", "известить-мне", "извещающие", "объявил-мне", "объявили-мне", "объявить", "объявить-мне", "объявлю-ему", "сообщаем", "сообщил"]·ES["Hacemos-saber", "dar-a-conocer", "darme-a-conocer", "de-hacerme-conocer", "ha-hecho-conocer", "hacerme-saber", "hará-conocer", "hizo-conocer", "le-haré-saber", "me-dieran-a-conocer", "me-hacéis-conocer", "me-hacían-saber", "me-has-hecho-conocer", "me-hizo-saber", "nos-has-hecho-conocer", "os-hacemos-saber", "te-ha-hecho-conocer", "y-damos-a-conocer"]·SW["akamjulisha", "akawajulisha", "alinijulisha", "amekujulisha", "amemjulisha", "atamjulisha", "kumjulisha", "kunijulisha", "na-kumjulisha", "nijulisha", "nitamjulisha", "tunajulisha", "umenijulisha", "umetujulisha", "wanijulishe"]·TR["Bildiriyoruz", "bildirdi", "bildirdi-bana", "bildirdi-sana", "bildirdiler", "bildirdin-bana", "bildirdin-bize", "bildireceğim-ona", "bildirir", "bildirirseniz-bana", "bildiriyoruz", "bildirmek-bana", "bildirmeni-bana", "bildirmeye-bana", "bildirmeyi", "bildirsinler-bana", "ve-bildirdik"]·urd["اور-خبر-دی", "اُسے-بتاؤں-گا", "بتاؤ-گے-مجھے", "بتائی", "بتائی-تو-نے-ہمیں", "بتائی-مجھے", "بتائے-گا", "بتاتے-تھے", "بتانے-پر", "بتانے-کو-مجھے", "بتایا", "بتایا-تجھے", "بتایا-تو-نے-مجھے", "خبر-دیتے-ہیں", "مجھے-بتائیں", "مجھے-بتانا", "مجھے-بتانے-پر"]
2. to know, perceive — The Peal active: to know, perceive, or understand a fact or situation. Daniel 'knew' the king's purpose (Dan 2:8); Ezra's appointees are 'those who know the laws of your God' (Ezra 7:25). French 'connaître' and Spanish 'conocer' confirm the stative-cognitive reading. This sense covers both acquired knowledge and ongoing awareness. 18×
AR["أَعْرِفُ", "اعْلَمْ", "العارِفِينَ", "تَعْرِفَ", "تَعْلَمَ", "تَعْلَمُ", "عَلِمَ", "عَلِمْتَ", "عَلِمْتُ", "لِ-عَارِفِي", "وَ-أَعْلَمُ", "وَ-تَعْلَمَ", "يَعْرِف", "يَعْرِفُ", "يَعْلَمَ"]·ben["-যারা-জানে", "আর-তুমি-জানবে", "এবং-জানব", "জানতে", "জানতে-পারে", "জানবেন", "জানলেন", "জানি", "জানুক", "জানুন", "জানে", "জানেন", "তুমি-জান", "তুমি-জানবে"]·DE["[ותנדע]", "[ידעי]", "und-wissen-lassen", "wissen-lassen", "wusste"]·EN["and-I-will-know", "and-know", "he-knew", "know", "knowing", "may-know", "to-those-knowing", "who-know", "you-knew", "you-know", "you-will-know"]·FR["et-faire-connaître", "et-faire-savoir", "faire-connaître", "faire-savoir", "il-a-connu", "tu-as-connu"]·heb["דע", "ו-אדע", "ו-תנדע", "ידע", "ידעו", "ידעי", "ידעת", "יודע", "יודעים", "ל-יודעי", "תדע"]·HI["और-जानूंगा", "और-जानेंगे", "को-जानने-वालों", "जान", "जान-लिया", "जानता-हूं", "जानता-है", "जानते", "जानते-हैं", "जाना", "जानें", "जो-जानते-हैं", "तू-जान-ले", "तूने-जाना"]·ID["Ketahuilah", "aku-tahu", "dan-aku-akan-tahu", "dan-mengetahui", "engkau-ketahui", "engkau-mengetahui", "ia-mengetahui", "kepada-yang-mengerti", "mengetahui", "tahu", "yang-mengetahui"]·IT["e-far-conoscere", "e-far-sapere", "far-conoscere", "far-sapere"]·jav["Mugi-mangertosa", "bilih", "dhateng-ingkang-mangertos", "kang-mangertos", "lan-kawula-mangertos", "mangertos", "panjenengan-mangertos", "pirsa", "piyambakipun-mangertos", "piyambakipun-ngakeni"]·KO["그가-아신다", "그러면-내가-알-것이다", "그리고-알라", "네가-알", "당신이-알", "당신이-알도록", "아는", "아는-자들에게", "아는자들", "아소서", "안다", "알게-하려-함이라", "알다", "알면서도", "알았노라", "알았더라", "알았으니"]·PT["Sabe", "aos-que-conhecem", "conhece", "conhecerás", "conheçam", "e-saberei", "e-saberás", "os-que-conhecem", "sabem", "sabias", "saibas", "sei", "soube", "souberes"]·RU["знает", "знай", "знал", "знали", "знаю", "знают", "знающий", "знающим", "знающих", "и-узнаешь", "и-узнаю", "узнаешь", "узнаешь-ты", "узнал"]·ES["a-los-que-conocen", "conoce", "conocerás", "los-que-conocen", "sabe", "saben", "sabías", "sepan", "sepas", "supo", "sé", "y-sabrás", "y-sabré"]·SW["alijua", "anajua", "hajui", "jua", "jui", "kwa-wanaojua", "na-nitajua", "na-utajua", "najua", "ninajua", "ujue", "ulijua", "utajua", "wajue", "wanaojua"]·TR["bil", "bildi", "bilenlere", "bilenleri", "bilesin", "bilir", "bilirim", "bilirler", "biliyordun", "biliyorum", "bilsinler", "ve-bileceksin", "ve-bilirim"]·urd["اور-جانوں-گا", "اور-جانے", "اُس-نے-جانا", "تُو-جان-لے-گا", "تُو-جانتا-تھا", "جان-لے", "جانا", "جانتا", "جانتا-ہوں", "جانتے-ہیں", "جاننے-والا", "جاننے-والوں", "جانیں", "جانے", "کو-جاننے-والوں"]
3. to be known — The Peal passive participle functioning predicatively: to be known, recognized, or publicly acknowledged. Used of the city Jerusalem being 'known' as rebellious (Ezra 4:12-13), and of matters 'known' to the king (Ezra 5:8). Spanish 'conocido / sea conocido' and French 'faire connaître' in passive constructions align with this established-fact nuance. 4×
AR["لِيَكُنْ", "لِيَكُنْ-مَعْلُومًا"]·ben["জানা", "জানা-হোক"]·DE["[ידיע]", "wissen-lassen"]·EN["be-known", "known"]·FR["faire-connaître", "faire-savoir"]·heb["ידוע", "ידיע", "ידיע ׀"]·HI["जाना-जाए", "ज्ञात"]·ID["Biarlah-diketahui", "biarlah-diketahui", "ketahuilah"]·IT["far-conoscere", "far-sapere"]·jav["dipun-mangertosi", "dipun-pirsa"]·KO["알라", "알려지라"]·PT["Seja-conhecido", "seja-conhecido", "seja-sabido"]·RU["Известно", "известно"]·ES["Conocido", "conocido", "sea-conocido"]·SW["ijulikane"]·TR["Bilinsin", "bilinen", "bilinsin"]·urd["معلوم"]
4. sense 4 — A Haphel usage with pedagogical force: to cause others to know in the sense of teaching or instructing. Attested in Ezra 7:25, where those who know the law are to 'teach' those who do not. Spanish 'enseñaréis' (you shall teach) and English 'you shall teach' reveal that this occurrence carries a didactic connotation beyond simple informing, bridging declaring and formal instruction. 1×
AR["عَلِّمُوا"]·ben["শেখাবে"]·DE["[תהודעון]"]·EN["you-shall-teach"]·FR["faire-savoir"]·heb["תהודעון"]·HI["उन्हें-सिखाओ"]·ID["kamu-akan-mengajar"]·IT["far-sapere"]·jav["wulang"]·KO["알게하라-너희"]·PT["ensinareis"]·RU["научите"]·ES["enseñaréis"]·SW["mfundisheni"]·TR["ogreteceksiniz"]·urd["سکھاؤ-گے"]
Related Senses
H3045 1. Qal: to know, perceive, understand (829×)H5315 1. soul, inner being (647×)H3820a 1. heart, inner self (mind/will/emotion) (572×)H4672 1. Qal: find, discover (289×)G1492 1. know facts or truths (285×)H3824 1. heart, inner self (mind/will/emotion) (250×)H1245 1. seek, search for (200×)G1097 1. know, be acquainted with (196×)H2142 1. Qal: remember, recall (173×)G2588 1. heart (inner self, mind, will) (158×)H0977 1. choose, select (Qal active) (145×)G2147 1. find, discover (144×)G5590 1. soul, inner self (100×)H4672 2. Niphal: be found, be discovered (99×)H1875 1. seek, search for (96×)H5315 2. life, vitality (94×)H1847 1. knowledge, discernment (90×)H2450 1. wise, prudent (84×)H7911 1. Qal: to forget (83×)H3684 1. fool, dullard (70×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† יְדַע vb. know (v. BH);— Pe. Pf. 3 ms. י׳ Dn 5:21; 6:11, 2 ms. יְדַ֫עְתָּ 5:22, 1 s. יִדְעֵת 4:6; Impf. 2 ms. תִּנְדַּע (K§ 11, 4. b) δ) Ezr 4:15 +, etc.; Imv. דַּע ms. (K§11, 3 α)) Dn 6:16; Pt. act. יָדַע 2:8 +; pl. יָֽדְעִין 5:23, etc.; pass. יְדִיעַ Ezr 4:12 +;—know, c. acc. rei Dn 2:30; 5:22, acc. rei om. Ezr 7:25; יָֽדְעֵי דָּתֵי א׳ v 25, יָֽדְעֵי בִינָה Dn 2:21; c. obj. cl. v 8, 9, 22;…