Hakham is the Hebrew Bible's primary adjective for wisdom in all its dimensions — moral, intellectual, and practical. In its most common use, it describes a person who possesses discernment and prudence: Moses is told to choose 'wise and discerning' men (Deut 1:13), and the wise person fears the LORD and turns from evil (Prov 14:16). But hakham also functions as a substantive noun denoting a recognized social class — the 'wise men' who serve as royal advisors alongside priests and prophets (Jer 18:18), from Pharaoh's court magicians (Exod 7:11) to the counselors of Babylon and Persia. German weise and Spanish sabio both cover this dual range, but French sage interestingly gravitates toward the moral-philosophical pole. A third, sometimes overlooked sense emerges in the tabernacle narratives: artisans whose hearts God filled with 'wisdom' to work gold, weave fabric, and carve wood (Exod 28:3; 35:25). Here hakham means 'skilled, expert' — closer to Greek sophos in its archaic sense of technical mastery. The feminine plural in Judges 5:29 and Jeremiah 9:17 designates wise women as a distinct social category.