H3013 H3013
cause grief / afflict (Hifil/Piel causative); be grieved (Nifal passive)
Senses
1. cause grief / afflict (Hifil/Piel causative) — Causative stems (Hifil and Piel): to cause grief, to afflict, to torment someone. The agent actively inflicts sorrow on another. Arabic أَذَلَّ/عَذَّبُون/يُحْزِنُ (humiliated/torment/grieves), Spanish 'afligió/atormentaréis/entristece/afligen' (afflicted/will you torment/saddens/afflict), Korean 슬프게했다/괴롭히다 (made sad/to torment), Swahili 'amehuzunisha/mtaisumbua/hahuzunishi/wanaokutesa' (has saddened/will you trouble/does not sadden/those who persecute you), Hindi दुखी किया/दुख दोगे (caused grief/will give grief). S100702, S100703, S100704, S100706, S100707 share the causative agentive meaning across Hifil and Piel forms. 6×
AR["أَحْزَنَ","أَذَلَّنِي","أَذَلَّهَا","تُعَذِّبُونَ","مُعَذِّبِيكِ","وَيُحْزِنُ"]·ben["এবং-দুঃখ-দেন","তোমরা-দুঃখ-দেবে","তোমার-যন্ত্রণাদাতাদের","দুঃখ-দিয়েছেন","দুঃখ-দিয়েছেন-তাকে","দুঃখ-দেন"]·DE["Kummer","[מוגיך]","und-Kummer"]·EN["He-afflicts","afflicted","has-afflicted-her","nor-grieves","will-you-torment","your-tormentors"]·FR["[הוגה]","[ויגה]","[מוגיך]","תוגיון"]·heb["הוגה","ו-יגה","מוגיך","תוגיון"]·HI["उसने-दुख-दिया","उसे-दुखी-किया-है","और-शोकित-करता-है","तुम-दुख-दोगे","तेरे-दुख-देने-वालों-के","दुखी-किया-है"]·ID["Ia-menyusahkan","dan-Ia-menyusahkan","kamu-menyusahkan","menyusahkan","menyusahkannya","penyiksa-penyiksamu"]·IT["affliggere","e-affliggere","will-voi-torment"]·jav["Panjenengan-ndadosaken-susah","lan-Panjenengan-ndadosaken-susah","panjenengan-nyusahaken","para-ingkang-nganiaya-panjenengan","sampun-ndadosaken-nandhang-susah","sampun-ndadosaken-piyambakipun-nandhang-susah"]·KO["괴롭히겠느냐","그-가-슬프게-하셨다면","그녀-를-슬프게-했네","그리고-그-가-슬프게-하셨네","너를-괴롭히는-자들의","슬프게-했네"]·PT["afligireis","afligiu","afligiu-ela","e-entristece","teus-atormentadores"]·RU["будете-мучить","и-не-печалит","мучителей-твоих","опечалил","поразил","поразил-её"]·ES["aflige","afligió","atormentaréis","la-ha-afligido","los-que-te-afligen","ni-entristece"]·SW["amehuzunisha","amemhuzunisha","mtaisumbua","na-hahuzunishi","wanaokutesa"]·TR["aci-verenlerin","acı-vereceksiniz","kederli-kıldı","kederli-kıldı-onu","ve-kederli-kılar"]·urd["اور-غمگین-کرتا-ہے","تجھے-تکلیف-دینے-والوں-کے","تم ستاؤ گے","غمگین-کرتا-ہے","غمگین-کیا","نے-غمگین-کیا-اُس-کو"]
2. be grieved (Nifal passive) — Nifal passive/reflexive: to be grieved, to be afflicted, to experience sorrow. The subject is the one who suffers grief rather than causing it. Arabic مَكْرُوبَات/الْمَحْزُونِين (distressed ones/the grieving ones), Spanish 'están afligidas/entristecidos' (they are afflicted/saddened), Korean 슬퍼하고/슬퍼하는자들 (grieving/those who grieve), Swahili 'wamehuzunika/waliohuzunika' (they have been saddened/those who were saddened), Hindi दुखी/दुखी (grieved/grieved). The Nifal stem marks a genuine voice distinction from the causative Hifil/Piel senses. 2×
AR["الْمَحْزُونِينَ","مَكْرُوبَاتٌ"]·ben["দুঃখিত","দুঃখিতদের"]·DE["Kummer"]·EN["are-grieved","the-grieved"]·FR["[נוגות]","affliger"]·heb["נוגות","נוגי"]·HI["दुखी","दुखी-हैं"]·ID["Yang-berdukacita","bersedih"]·IT["[נוגי]","affliggere"]·jav["Tiyang-kang-susah","nandhang-susah"]·KO["슬퍼하고","슬퍼하는-자들을"]·PT["Os-que-entristecem","estão-aflitas"]·RU["Скорбящих","горестны"]·ES["Entristecidos-de","están-afligidas"]·SW["waliohuzunika","wamehuzunika"]·TR["Kederlileri","kederli"]·urd["غمزدوں-کو","غمگین"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. [יָגָה] vb. suffer, not in Qal (cf. Arabic وَجَى castravit, وَجِىَ be abraded (of the foot); of horse, have pain in the hoof)— Niph. Pt. fpl. נוּגוֹת (on form v. Köi. 582) La 1:4 (‖ נֶאֱנָחִים, מַר) grieved, mpl. cstr. נוּגֵי (v. Köl.c.) Zp 3:18 (sq. prep., cf. Ges§ 130. 1); of virgins of Zion La 1:4; of exiles Zp 3:18. Pi. Impf. וַיַּגֶּה (for וַיְיַגֶּה, v. Köi. 582. 412) grieve, sq. acc.…