H2966 H2966
An animal torn by wild beasts; torn flesh forbidden as food under Mosaic dietary law.
A feminine noun designating an animal killed by predators, making its flesh ritually unfit for consumption. The legal prohibition appears repeatedly: Exodus 22:31 forbids eating flesh torn in the field, Leviticus 7:24 and 17:15 pair it with nebelah (an animal that dies naturally), and Ezekiel 44:31 extends the ban to priests. Jacob's complaint to Laban — 'what was torn I bore the loss of it myself' (Gen 31:39) — reveals the economic reality behind the law: a shepherd was ordinarily responsible for predation losses. Nahum 2:13 uses it metaphorically for Nineveh as a lion's den full of torn prey. Spanish 'despedazada' ('torn to pieces') and French 'dechire' ('torn') both emphasize the violence of the animal's death.
Senses
1. torn animal, carrion from predation — An animal torn by wild beasts, or the flesh resulting from such predation — ritually forbidden as food. The term appears in legal contexts paired with nebelah ('carcass that dies naturally') as jointly prohibited (Lev 7:24; 17:15; 22:8; Ezek 4:14; 44:31). Exodus 22:13, 31 establish the pastoral and dietary regulations. Jacob's protest to Laban (Gen 31:39) reveals the shepherd's liability for losses to predation. Nahum 2:13 uses it metaphorically of Nineveh-as-lion filling its lair with torn prey. Spanish 'despedazada' and French 'dechire' both foreground the violent manner of death that renders the flesh unclean. 9×
AR["المُفتَرَسَةَ", "فَرِيسَةٍ", "مَفْرُوسَةً", "مُفتَرَساً", "مُفْتَرَسَةً", "وَ-مَفْتُوسَةً", "وَ-مُفْتَرَسَةً", "وَ-مُفْتَرَسَةٍ", "وَمُفْتَرَسَةً"]·ben["আর-বন্য-প্রাণীতে-ছেঁড়া", "এবং-ছিঁড়া", "এবং-ছিঁড়ে-খাওয়া", "এবং-ছিন্নভিন্ন", "ছিঁড়ে-ফেলা", "ছিঁড়ে-ফেলাই-দিয়ে", "ছিন্নভিন্ন", "ছিন্নভিন্ন-পশুর"]·DE["Zerrissenes", "[וטרפה]", "[טרפה]", "der-zerrissen-Tier", "ein-zerrissen-Tier", "oder-zerrissen", "und-ein-zerrissen-Tier", "zerrissen"]·EN["a-torn-animal", "and-a-torn-animal", "and-torn", "or-torn", "the-torn-animal", "torn", "with-torn-flesh"]·FR["déchiré", "et-nourriture", "et-un-déchiré-animal", "le-déchiré-animal", "nourriture", "ou-déchiré", "un-déchiré-animal"]·heb["ה-טרפה", "ו-טרפה", "טרפה"]·HI["और-फाड़ा-हुआ", "फाड़ा-हुआ", "फाड़ी-हुई-की", "फाड़ी-हुई-वस्तु", "फाड़े-हुए-से", "या-फाड़ा-हुआ"]·ID["atau-yang-dicabik", "dan-yang-dicabik", "dan-yang-tercabik", "dan-yang-terkoyak", "dengan-mangsa.", "yang diterkam", "yang-diterkam"]·IT["[וטרפה]", "[טרפה]", "e-un-strappato-animale", "il-strappato-animale", "o-strappato", "strappato", "un-strappato-animale"]·jav["Ingkang-dipunmangsa-kéwan-galak", "barang-cacat", "ingkang-dipunsuwek-suwek", "lan-ingkang-dipun-suwek", "lan-ingkang-dipun-suwik", "lan-ingkang-kacuwil", "lan-kewan-cuwikan", "rampasan"]·KO["그-찢긴-것을", "그리고-찢긴-것", "그리고-찢긴-것을", "찢긴", "찢긴-것을", "찢긴-것의", "찢어떼긴-것-으로"]·PT["Despedaçado", "animal-despedaçado", "de-despojo", "despedaçada", "e-despedaçado", "o-despedaçado", "ou-despedaçada"]·RU["Растерзанное", "и-растерзанное", "и-растерзанным", "растерзанного", "растерзанное", "растерзанным"]·ES["Despedazada", "de-lo-desgarrado", "despedazada", "despedazado", "lo-despedazado", "y-despedazado"]·SW["Aliyeraruliwa", "au-iliyoraruliwa", "au-kilicho-raruliwa", "iliyoraruliwa", "kilichoraruliwa", "na-kilichoraruliwa", "na-kitu-kilichoraruliwa", "vilichoraruliwa", "ya-aliyeraruliwa"]·TR["Parçalamışı", "paralı-hayvan", "parçalanan", "parçalananı", "parçalanmış", "ve-parçalanmış", "ya da-parçalanmış"]·urd["اور-پھاڑا-ہوا", "اور-پھاڑی-ہوئی", "شکار-سے", "و-چیتھڑا", "پھاڑا-ہوا", "پھاڑے-ہوئے-کی"]
Related Senses
H4421 1. war, battle, armed conflict (319×)H0341 1. enemy, adversary, foe (284×)H3898a 1. Nifal: to fight, wage war (167×)H2026 1. kill, slay (active) (146×)H2451 1. wisdom, discernment (146×)H5483b 1. horse (the animal) (138×)H0006 1. to perish, be destroyed (105×)H7843 1. Hifil: destroy, annihilate (83×)H2491a 1. slain, fatally pierced (74×)H6862c 1. adversary, enemy, foe (69×)H8045 1. destroy, exterminate (69×)G0615 1. kill, put to death (60×)H6571b 1. horseman, cavalryman (52×)H8077a 1. desolation, waste (abstract state) (52×)G4678 1. of wisdom (51×)G4717 1. crucify, fasten to a cross (46×)H2763a 1. utterly destroy (Hifil active) (44×)G0622 1. perish, be destroyed (intransitive) (41×)H0006 2. to destroy, annihilate (Piel) (38×)H8074 1. be desolate, lie waste (36×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† טְרֵפָה n.f. animal torn (by wild beasts); torn flesh;—abs. ט׳ Gn 31:39 + 8 times 1. animal torn (by wild beasts), of sheep and goats Gn 31:39 (E); ox, ass or sheep Ex 22:12 (JE; del. WeKlPr on Am 3:12, as gloss from Gn 31:39); indef. v 31 (JE; forbidden as food); commonly c. נְבֵלָה (i.e. what dies naturally) as forbidden food, Lv 7:24 (P), 17:15; 22:8 (both H), Ez 4:14; 44:31; torn flesh, in metaph. of Nineveh’s king as lion Na 2:13 (‖ טֶ֫רֶף).