H2731 H2731
Trembling, terror, or anxious dread; a shaking that seizes the body when overtaken by fear or divine panic.
A feminine noun capturing the visceral, physical experience of trembling under the grip of fear or awe. When Isaac discovered Jacob's deception, the text says he 'trembled exceedingly with a great trembling' (Gen 27:33) — the cognate construction underscoring total loss of composure. In 1 Samuel 14:15 the panic in the Philistine camp is called a 'trembling of God,' a supernatural terror that made the very ground quake. The word can shade into anxious care, as when Elisha asks the Shunammite woman whether she needs him to intercede on her behalf (2 Kgs 4:13). Spanish 'temor' and English 'trembling' both highlight the bodily dimension, while the French rendering leaves the Hebrew untranslated, signaling its difficulty.
Senses
1. trembling, fear, anxiety — Trembling, fear, or anxious dread — a state in which the body shakes from terror, divine panic, or deep apprehension. The noun covers the full spectrum from Isaac's violent physical shaking at discovering the deception (Gen 27:33) to the 'trembling of God' that struck an entire army camp (1 Sam 14:15), to the more inward 'anxious care' Elisha perceived in the Shunammite (2 Kgs 4:13). Ezekiel 26:16 uses the plural as a garment metaphor — the coastal princes 'clothe themselves in tremblings' — while Proverbs 29:25 warns that 'the trembling of man' (fear of people) becomes a snare. The Spanish 'temor' and English 'fear-of / trembling' consistently capture the bodily-emotional register. 9×
AR["-رُعْبًا", "ارتِعاداً", "رَعْدَةٌ", "رُعْبٍ", "رُعْبُ", "رِعْدَةً", "رِعْدَةٌ", "لِـ-رِعْدَةِ", "هٰذَا-الاهْتِمَامِ"]·ben["-কম্পনে", "কম্পন", "কম্পন-এর", "কাঁপুনি", "চিন্তা", "ত্রাস", "ভয়"]·DE["[חרדה]", "[חרדות]", "[חרדת]", "[לחרדה]", "der-trembling", "ein-Schrecken", "fuer-trembling-von", "trembling"]·EN["fear-of", "for-trembling-of", "the-trembling", "to-trembling", "trembling"]·FR["[חרדה]", "[לחרדה]", "ardeur", "le-tremblant", "pour-tremblant-de", "tremblant", "חרדת"]·heb["ה-חרדה", "חרדה", "חרדות", "חרדת", "ל-חרדה", "ל-חרדת"]·HI["कँपकँपी", "कँपकंपी", "कंपकंपी-के-लिए", "कंपन-का", "काँपना", "काँपने-का", "डर"]·ID["Ketakutan", "gemetaran", "kegentaran", "kesusah-payahan", "ketakutan", "menjadi-kegentaran"]·IT["[חרדה]", "[חרדות]", "[לחרדה]", "il-tremando", "per-tremando-di", "temere-di", "tremando", "trembling"]·jav["ajrih", "ajrih-dhateng", "dados-medeni", "gemeter", "geter", "gumeter", "kagem-gumeter", "kagimiran", "réwangi"]·KO["그-애씀", "두려움의", "떨림-으로", "떨림으로", "떨림을-", "떨림이", "하나님의-"]·PT["em-tremor", "o-tremor", "para-tremor-de", "tremor", "tremor-de", "tremores", "um-grande-tremor"]·RU["-заботой", "в-трепет", "страх", "трепет", "трепета", "трепетом", "ужас"]·ES["Temor-de", "como-temblor-de", "como-terror", "esta-preocupación", "temblor", "temblores"]·SW["hofu", "hofu-ya", "huduma", "kutetemeka", "kuwa-tetemeko", "tetemeko"]·TR["korkusu", "ozen", "titreme", "titreme-icin", "titremeler", "titremenin", "titremeye"]·urd["خوف", "دہشت", "دہشت-کی", "فکر", "لرزش-کی", "کانپنا", "کپکپاہٹ", "کپکپی-میں"]
Related Senses
G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2781 1. disgrace, shame, dishonor (68×)G2307 1. will, desire, purpose (63×)G5463 1. rejoice, be glad (63×)G0027 1. beloved (61×)H8130 1. Qal: to hate, detest (60×)G5479 1. (59×)G1680 1. (53×)H8130 2. Qal ptcp: hater, enemy (53×)H0014 1. be willing, want (51×)H0157 2. lover, friend (Qal participle substantive) (51×)H1945 1. woe (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. חֲרָדָה n.f. trembling, fear, anxiety—חֲרָדָה Gn 27:33 + 5 times + Ez 38:21 (read for הָרַי, B Co cf. Dr 1 S 14:15); cstr. חֶרְדַּת 1 S 14:15 Pr 29:25 (v. LagBN 113); pl. חֲרָדוֹת Ez 26:16;— 1. trembling, quaking (of terror ascribed to supernat. cause) 1 S 14:15(×2) (hence ח׳ אלהים v. Dr; ‖ וַתִּרְגַּז־הארץ) cf. Ez 38:21 (v. supr.); Dn 10:7; קול ח׳ Je 30:5 voice of trembling; sq. gen. obj.…