H2224 H2224
To rise (of sun or luminaries), shine forth in divine radiance, or break out (of a skin condition)
In its most common usage, zarach describes the sun climbing above the horizon, the daily spectacle of dawn that governs all earthly rhythms (Eccl 1:5). Yet the prophets seized this image for something grander: God Himself shining forth over His people in theophanic splendor, as at Sinai (Deut 33:2) or in the promised sunrise of righteousness (Mal 4:2). Spanish renders the divine sense as 'resplandecer' (to gleam), distinguishing it from the ordinary 'salir' of physical sunrise. A single surprising occurrence in 2 Chronicles 26:19 applies the word to leprosy breaking out on King Uzziah's forehead, as if disease itself dawns upon the skin.
Senses
1. rise, come forth (sun/light) — The physical rising of the sun or daylight over the horizon, describing dawn or sunrise as a natural phenomenon. This is the default sense, appearing in narrative and wisdom literature alike. In Genesis 32:31 the sun rises upon Jacob after his wrestling at Peniel, and in Judges 9:33 it marks the timing for military action. French and Spanish both use straightforward sunrise vocabulary here (lever, salir). 13×
AR["أَشرَقَت", "أَشْرَقَتْ", "تُشرِق", "تُشْرِقُ", "عِنْدَ-شُرُوقِ", "كَـ-شُرُوق", "مُشْرِقَةً", "وَ-أَشْرَقَتْ", "وَتُشْرِقُ", "يُشْرِقُ"]·ben["আর-উদিত-হল", "উঠেছিল", "উদয়ের-সময়", "উদয়ের-সময়ে", "উদিত-হতে", "উদিত-হবে", "উদিত-হবে-", "উদিত-হয়", "উদিত-হয়েছে", "এবং-উদয়-হয়", "এবং-উদিত-হবে", "সে-উদিত-হয়"]·DE["[וזרח]", "[וזרחה]", "[זורח]", "[זרחה]", "[יזרח]", "[כזרח]", "bei-rising-von", "hat-aufgestanden", "rises", "shone", "steht-auf", "und-aufging-"]·EN["and-rises", "and-rose-", "and-will-rise", "at-rising-of", "at-the-rising-of", "has-risen", "it-rises", "rises", "rising", "shone", "will-rise"]·FR["[יזרח]", "a-levé", "briller", "elle-s'est-levée", "et-briller", "et-elle-se-lèvera", "et-se-leva-", "quand-se-lève", "rises", "se-lever", "shone", "à-levant-du"]·heb["ו-זרח", "ו-זרחה", "ו-יזרח", "זורח", "זרחה", "יזרח", "כ-זרוח", "תזרח"]·HI["उगता-है", "उगने-पर", "उगनेमें", "उगा-हो", "उदय-होगा", "उदय-होता-है", "और-उगा", "और-उदय-होगा", "और-उदय-होता-है", "चमका", "वह-उदय-होता"]·ID["Dan-akan-terbit", "Dan-terbit", "Dan-terbitlah", "ketika-terbit", "terbit", "terbit-"]·IT["[וזרחה]", "[זרחה]", "[כזרח]", "[תזרח]", "a-sorgere-di", "e-si-alzò-", "e-sorgere", "ha-risorto", "shone", "si-alza", "sorgere"]·jav["Lan-srengenge-mlethek-", "Mlethek", "badhe-sumunar", "lan-jumedhul", "lan-terbit", "mlethek", "mlethèk", "nalika-mlethek", "nalika-mlethèk", "sampun-mlethek", "srengenge-mlethek-", "sumunar", "terbit"]·KO["그것이-떠오르다", "그리고-떠오르리라", "그리고-떠올랐다", "그리고-뜬다", "떠오르는", "떠오르다-때-", "떠오르리라", "떠오르면", "떠오른다-", "떠오를-것이다", "떴다", "뜬", "에서-뜨오름"]·PT["E-brilhou-", "E-nasce", "E-nascerá", "Nasce", "ao-nascer", "brilha", "brilhará", "brilhou", "nasce", "nascendo", "quando-nascer"]·RU["Восходит", "И-взойдёт", "И-взошло", "И-восходит", "взойдёт", "взошло", "восходит", "восходит-", "восходящее", "когда-взошло", "при-восходе"]·ES["Sale", "Y-brilló", "Y-nacerá", "Y-sale", "al-salir", "brilla,", "brilla-", "brilló", "cuando-salir", "ha-salido", "resplandecerá", "sale", "saliendo"]·SW["Na-huchomoza", "Na-ikapanda", "atacomoza", "atakapochomoza", "halichomozi", "imechomoza", "jua-lilipochomoza", "kuchomoza", "lilichomoza", "linachomoza", "linapochomoza", "na-litachomoza", "wakati-wa-kuchomoza-kwa"]·TR["Ve-doğacak", "Ve-doğdu", "dogacak", "dogarak", "dogdu", "doğar", "doğar-", "doğarken", "doğdu", "doğduğunda", "doğmuşsa", "ve-dogar"]·urd["اور-طلوع-ہوا", "اور-طلوع-ہوتا-ہے", "اور-طلوع-ہوگا", "طلوع-ہو", "طلوع-ہوتا", "طلوع-ہوتا-ہے", "نکلا", "نکلتے-ہی", "چمکا", "چمکتا", "چمکتے-وقت", "چمکے-گا", "چمکے-گا-"]
2. shine forth, beam (divine radiance) — The radiant shining forth of God's glory or splendor, typically in theophany or eschatological promise. Deuteronomy 33:2 uses it of Yahweh dawning from Seir, while Isaiah 60:1 proclaims 'your light has risen.' Spanish employs 'resplandecer' (to gleam brilliantly), signaling a semantic shift from mere rising to luminous majesty. 4×
AR["أَشرَقَ", "أَشْرَقَ", "وَ-يُشْرِقُ", "وَأَشْرَقَ"]·ben["-এবং-উদিত-হবে", "উদিত-হয়েছে", "এবং-উদিত-হলেন"]·DE["[וזרח]", "[זרח]", "steht-auf", "und-dawned"]·EN["and-dawned", "and-shall-rise", "has-risen", "rises"]·FR["[וזרח]", "[זרח]", "et-dawned", "se-lever"]·heb["ו-זרח", "זרח"]·HI["उदय-हुई", "उदय-होता-है", "और-उदय-हुआ", "और-उदय-होगा"]·ID["dan-terbit", "maka-akan-terbit", "terbit"]·IT["[זרח]", "e-dawned", "e-sorgere", "sorgere"]·jav["Lan-badhe-sumunar", "Sampun-sumunar", "lan-terbit", "sampun-sumunar"]·KO["그리고-빛났다", "그리하면-빛나리라", "떠올랐다", "비추도다"]·PT["Luz-nasce", "brilhou", "e-nascerá", "e-resplandeceu"]·RU["Воссиял", "взошла", "и-взойдёт", "и-воссиял"]·ES["Resplandece", "resplandeció", "y-resplandecerá", "y-resplandeció"]·SW["akachomoza", "imechomoza", "na-itaangaza", "umechomoza"]·TR["dogdu", "doğdu", "ve-dogacak", "ve-doğdu"]·urd["اور-چمکا", "اور-چمکے-گی", "چمکا", "چمکتی-ہے"]
3. break out (skin condition) — A medical sense describing a skin condition breaking out or appearing on the body's surface, used uniquely of the leprosy that erupted on King Uzziah's forehead in 2 Chronicles 26:19. The image of something 'rising' on the skin retains the root's core spatial metaphor of emergence, though the domain shifts entirely from cosmology to priestly diagnosis. 1×
AR["أَشْرَقَ"]·ben["উদিত-হল"]·DE["[זרחה]"]·EN["broke-out"]·FR["[זרחה]"]·heb["זרחה"]·HI["उगी"]·ID["muncul"]·IT["[זרחה]"]·jav["medal"]·KO["나타났다"]·PT["brilhou"]·RU["воссияла"]·ES["brotó"]·SW["ulichomoza"]·TR["parladı"]·urd["نکلا"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H4325 1. water, waters (582×)H6965b 1. Qal: to rise, arise, get up (432×)H2091 1. gold (the metal) (389×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H0068 1. stone, rock (material/object) (267×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† זָרַח vb. rise, come forth (NH id., Assyrian zarâḫu DlPr180; Sab. דֿרח lofty, majestic (of king) and in cpd. n.pr. DHMZMG 1875, 605; 1883, 327 MordtZMG 1876, 37)— Qal Pf. ז׳ Dt 33:2 ψ 112:4; זָרָ֑ח Is 60:1; וְזָרַח consec. Is 58:10 Ec 1:5; 3 fs. זָרְֽחָה Ex 22:2 + 3 times; וְזָֽרְחָה consec. Mal 3:20; Impf. יִזְרַח 2 S 23:4 Is 60:2; יִזְרָ֑ח Jb 9:7; וַיִּזְרַח Gn 32:32; 3 fs. תִּזְרַח ψ 104:22;…