H2196 H2196
to be vexed, out of humor, enraged; expressing displeasure ranging from sullenness to fury
A verb spanning the emotional range from quiet displeasure to open rage. In Genesis 40:6, Joseph notices Pharaoh's officials looking troubled (zōʿăpîm), simply out of sorts after disturbing dreams. Daniel 1:10 uses the participle for a dejected facial appearance. At the other extreme, 2 Chronicles 26:19 describes King Uzziah becoming enraged when priests confront his unauthorized incense offering. Proverbs 19:3 warns that a fool's own folly ruins his way, yet his heart frets against the LORD.
Senses
1. sense 1 — To be displeased, troubled, or out of humor — a state of internal agitation visible on the face. In Genesis 40:6 the cupbearer and baker appear downcast; Daniel 1:10 uses it for a worried, dejected countenance. Spanish 'abatidos' and 'demacrados' capture this subdued, sullen quality. The word ranges upward to open rage in 2 Chronicles 26:19, where Uzziah erupts in fury against the priests. Proverbs 19:3 captures the middle ground: fretting inwardly against God. 5×
AR["شَاحِبَةً", "مُكْتَئِبَانِ", "وَ-بِـ-غَضَبِهِ", "وَ-غَضِبَ", "يَغْضَبُ"]·ben["ও-ক্রুদ্ধ-হলেন", "ও-তাঁর-ক্রোধে", "বিষণ্ণ", "ম্লান", "রাগ-করে"]·DE["[ובזעפו]", "[ויזעף]", "[זעפים]", "[יזעף]", "betrübt"]·EN["and-in-his-rage", "and-was-enraged", "looking-worse", "rages", "were-troubled"]·FR["[ובזעפו]", "[ויזעף]", "étaient-troubled", "être-en-colère", "יזעף"]·heb["ו-ב-זעפו-ו", "ו-יזעף", "זועפים", "זעפים", "יזעף"]·HI["उदास", "उदास-थे", "और-उसके-क्रोध-में", "और-क्रोधित-हुआ", "क्रोधित-होता-है"]·ID["bersedih", "dan-ketika-marah", "dan-marah", "lebih-lesu", "marah"]·IT["[ובזעפו]", "[ויזעף]", "[זעפים]", "furono-troubled", "rages"]·jav["Lan-duka", "lan-wonten-ing-dukanipun", "nepsu", "susah"]·KO["그리고-노하였다", "그리고-에-그가-노할-때", "분내느니라", "수척한", "슬퍼하는"]·PT["E-irou-se", "abatidas", "e-em-sua-ira", "perturbados", "se-enfurece"]·RU["и-во-гневе-его", "и-разгневался", "расстроенные", "худыми", "ярится"]·ES["Y-se-enojó", "abatidos", "demacrados", "se-enfurece", "y-en-enojo-su"]·SW["Na-akakasirika", "dhaifu", "hao", "moyo-wake-unakasirika", "na-katika-hasira-yake"]·TR["Ve-öfkelendi", "solgun", "ve-öfkesinde", "öfkelenir", "üzgün"]·urd["اداس", "اور-غصے-میں-اُس-کے", "اور-غضبناک-ہوا", "جھنجھلاتا-ہے", "پریشان"]
Related Senses
G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2781 1. disgrace, shame, dishonor (68×)G2307 1. will, desire, purpose (63×)G5463 1. rejoice, be glad (63×)G0027 1. beloved (61×)H8130 1. Qal: to hate, detest (60×)G5479 1. (59×)G1680 1. (53×)H8130 2. Qal ptcp: hater, enemy (53×)H0014 1. be willing, want (51×)H0157 2. lover, friend (Qal participle substantive) (51×)H1945 1. woe (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [זָעַף] vb. be out of humour, vexed; be enraged (Aramaic ܙܥܰܦ rage against, זְעַף to storm, זַעֲפָא storm; cf. Sam. ࠆࠏࠐblow, breathe)— Qal Impf. יִזְעַף Pr 19:3; וַיִּזְעַף 2 Ch 26:19; Inf. וַעְפּוֹ 2 Ch 26:19; Pt. pl. זֹעֲפִים Gn 40:6 Dn 1:10;— 1. be out of humour Gn 40:6 (E); dejected, of face Dn 1:10; sq. עַל Pr 19:3 fret against (AV). 2. be enraged (late: cf. Aramaic above) 2 Ch 26:19; sq. עִם v 19.