H2015 H2015
To turn, overturn, overthrow, or transform; covering physical reversal, divine destruction, and inner change of state
At its core, hafakh pictures something being flipped over -- whether a city leveled by divine wrath, a heart changed by God's Spirit, or a person physically turning around. The Sodom narratives (Gen 19) anchor the destructive sense, while passages like 1 Samuel 10:9 ('God turned him another heart') reveal the verb's power to express inward transformation. Arabic قَلَبَ (turn over) and Swahili -pindua (topple) capture the concrete image; the Niphal and Hithpael stems then extend it into passive transformation and reflexive tumbling. Few Hebrew verbs so vividly unite physical upheaval with spiritual metamorphosis.
Senses
1. Nifal: be changed, be transformed — Niphal passive: being changed or transformed in state. Covers blood turning to another substance (Exod 7:15-20), skin conditions changing appearance (Lev 13:3), and hearts being altered. Arabic تحوّل (tahawwala) and Korean 변하다 confirm the involuntary transformation. The subject undergoes change rather than causing it. 36×
AR["انقَلَبَ","انْقَلَبَتْ","انْقَلَبُوا","تَتَحَوَّلُ","تَتَقَلَّبُ","تَحَوَّلَ","تَحَوَّلَتِ","تَحَوَّلَتْ","تَغَيَّرَتْ","وَ-انْقَلَبَ","وَ-تَتَحَوَّلُ","وَ-تَغَيَّرَ","وَانْقَلَبَتْ","يَتَحَوَّلْ","يَنْقَلِبُ"]·ben["-এবং-তিনি-পরিণত-হলেন","আর-তুমি-পরিবর্তিত-হবে","আর-পরিণত-হয়েছে","এবং-পরিবর্তিত-হল","তারা-পরিণত-হয়েছিল","তুমি-ঘুরবে","পরিণত-হবে","পরিণত-হয়েছ","পরিবর্তন-হয়েছে","পরিবর্তিত-হবে","পরিবর্তিত-হয়েছে","পরিবর্তিত-হল","ফিরেছিল","ফেরানো-হবে","রূপান্তরিত-হয়েছিল"]·DE["[נהפכו]","[תהפך]","er-kehrt-um","hat-wandte","kehrte-um","sie-wandte-aside","umkehren","und-du-wird-sein-changed","und-umkehren","und-war-aenderte","wandte"]·EN["You-turn","and-He-turned","and-have-turned","and-was-changed","and-you-will-be-changed","has-turned","is-turned","they-turned-aside","turned","were-turned","will-be-turned","you-shall-turn"]·FR["[יהפך]","[נהפך]","[נהפכו]","[תהפך]","a-tourna","et-renverser","et-tu-fera-être-changed","et-était-changea","renverser","se-tourna","tourna"]·heb["הפך","ו-יהפך","ו-נהפך","ו-נהפכו","וְ-נֶהְפַּכְתָּ","יהפך","נהפך","נהפכו","תהפוך","תהפך"]·HI["उलट-गए","और-देखो","और-पलट-गए-हैं","और-बदल-गया","और-बदल-जाएगा","को","तू-पलटेगा","पलट गया","पलट-गया","पलटा","बदल-गई-थी","बदल-गए","बदल-गया-है-तू","बदल-जाएगा","मुड़-गए","मुड़ेगा","रोग"]·ID["Dan-berbaliklah","Engkau berubah","akan-berubah","berubah","dan-berubah","dan-engkau-akan-berubah","datang-tiba-tiba","diubah","engkau-akan-membalikkan-diri","maka-Ia-berbalik","mereka-berbelok"]·IT["capovolgere","e-fu-changed","e-rovesciare","e-tu-vorrà-essere-cambiò","rovesciare","rovescio'","si-e-volto","si-voltò","volse"]·jav["Lan-Panjenenganipun-malik","Panjenengan-dados","badhe-minger","badhé-dados","dados-owah","lan-malik","lan-panjenengan-ewah","lan-sami-dados","malih","malik","medal","panjenengan-minger","sampun-dados","tiyang-tiyang-berbalik"]·KO["그리고-변하셨다","그리고-변하였다","그리고-변할-것이다-너가","그리고-변했다","네가-뒤집지","당신이-변하셨다","돌아올-것이다","돌이켰느니라","뒤집혔다","뒤집힘도다","뒤틀렸나이다","변하나니","변하리라","변하면","변했다","변했으면"]·PT["Transformas-te","e-serás-transformado","e-tornaram-se","e-virou-se","se-converterá","transformou-se","virar-se-á","viraram-se","virarás","virou","virou-se","voltaram-se","é-transformado"]·RU["И-перевернулось","И-побледнели","и-обратился-Он","и-превратишься","обратились","обратится","обращаешься","отворачивались","перевернулось","перевернёшься","превратилось","превратился","превратится","превращается"]·ES["Te-has-vuelto","se-convertirá","se-ha-vuelto","se-transforma;","se-transformó","se-volverá","se-volvieron","se-volvió","te-voltearás","y-se-han-vuelto","y-se-volvió","y-serás-transformado"]·SW["hutageuka","iligeuzwa","imebadilika","itageuzwa-kwako","kinageuka","limebadilika","litageuzwa","na-akageuka","na-ukageuka","na-utageuka","na-zimegeuka","umebadilika","umegeuka","waligeuka","zikajikunja","ziligeuka","zimebadilika"]·TR["Döndün","değişmemişse","değişmişse-","değişti","donecek","döndü","döndüler","dönecek","döneceksin","dönüştü","ve-değişti","ve-dondu","ve-döndü","ve-dönüşeceksin"]·urd["اور-تُو-بدل-جائے-گا","اور-وہ-بدل-گیا","اور-پلٹ-گیا","اور-پیلے-پڑ-گئے","اُلٹ-گئیں","بدل جائے","بدل گیا","بدل-جائے-گا","بدل-گئی","بدل-گئیں","بدل-گئے","بدل-گیا-ہے","بدلا-ہے","تو-پلٹے-گا","پلٹ-جائے-گا","پلٹ-گیا-ہے"]
2. Qal: turn, change, transform — Qal active transformation: deliberately turning or changing one thing into another. God turns rock into a pool of water (Ps 114:8), curses into blessings (Deut 23:5). Arabic حَوَّلَ (hawwala) and Swahili -geuza (cause to change) highlight the causative force even in the Qal stem, with the agent exerting control over the change. 23×
AR["أَدِرْ","أُحَوِّلُ","المُحَوِّل","المُحَوِّلونَ","حَوَّلَ","حَوَّلْتَ","حَوَّلْتُمْ","حَوِّل","فَحَوَّلَ","هَلْ-يُغَيِّرُ","وَ-أُحَوِّلُ","وَ-حَوَّلَ","وَ-حَوَّلَ-","وَ-مُحَوِّلُ","وَأُحَوِّلُ","وَحَوَّلَ","يُحَوِّلُ"]·ben["-যারা-পরিবর্তন-করে","আর-পরিণত-করলেন","আর-পরিবর্তন-করব-আমি","আর-পরিবর্তন-করলেন-","উল্টিয়ে-দেন","এবং-ঘুরিয়ে-দিলেন","এবং-তিনি-পরিণত-করেছিলেন","এবং-ফিরিয়ে-দিলেন","ও-আমি-পরিণত-করব","ও-যিনি-পরিবর্তন-করেন","ঘোরাও","তিনি-পরিবর্তন-করলেন","তিনি-পরিবর্তন-করেছেন","তোমরা-পরিণত-করেছ","পরিবর্তন-করব","পরিবর্তন-করবে-কি","বদলে-দিয়েছ","যিনি-পরিবর্তন-করেন"]·DE["[הפך]","der-einer-turning","du-transform","er-kehrt-um","er-wandte","kehrte-um","umkehren","und-er-kehrt-um","und-er-wandte","und-kehrte-um","und-umkehren","und-wandte","und-wandte-","wende"]·EN["And-I-will-turn","He-turned","He-turns","I-will-change","You-transform","and-I-will-turn","and-he-turned","and-turned","and-turned-","and-turning","can-change","the-One-turning","the-ones-turning","turn","you-have-turned"]·FR["[ההפכים]","[הפך]","[הפכתם]","[והפך]","[ויהפך]","et-il-se-tourna","et-j'ai-renversé","et-renverser","et-se-tourna-","et-tourna","je-changerai","le-renverser","renverser","tourne"]·heb["אהפוך","ה-הוֹפכים","ה-הופכי","ה-יהפוך","הפוך","הפך","הפכת","הפכתם","ו-הוֹפך","ו-הפך","ו-הפכתי","ו-יהפוך","ו-יהפך","וַ-יַּהֲפָךְ","יהפוך"]·HI["उसने-पलटा","उसने-बदला","और-बदल-दिए","और-बदल-दिया","और-बदलने-वाला","और-बदली","और-बदलूँगा","और-बदलूँगा-मैं","जो-बदलता-है","जो-बदलते-हैं","तूने-बदला","परन्तु-पलट-दिया","बदल-दिया-तुमने","बदलेगा","मैं-फेरूंगा","मोड़","वय्यहपोख","वह-पलटता-है"]·ID["Balikkan","Dan-Dia-mengubah","Dia-mengubah","Hai-yang-mengubah","Ia-membalikkan","Ia-mengubah","apakah-berubah","dan-Aku-akan-mengubah","dan-dia-membalikkan","dan-membalikkan","dan-mengubah-","dan-yang-mengubah","kamu-mengubah","mengubah","putar","tetapi-mengubah","yang-mengubah"]·IT["[הפך]","[ויהפך]","capovolgere","e-capovolgere","e-egli-si-voltò","e-rovesciare","e-rovescio'","e-si-voltò-","e-volse","rovesciare","rovescio'","volta"]·jav["Dipunwalikaké","Ingkang-ngowahi","Kawula-badhé-ngowahi","Lan-mbalikaken","Lan-ngewahi","Panjenengan-malik","Panjenengan-ngowahi","Punapa-saged-ngéwahi","Saha-Panjenengan-sampun-ngowahi","dhumateng-racun","kang-malihaken","lan-Kawula-malihaken","lan-Kawula-ngewahi","lan-kang-malihaken","lan-ngewahi","lan-nggantos-","minger","mutarna"]·KO["그-가-올리네","그리고-내가-뒤집으리라","그리고-돌렸다","그리고-돌이키리라","그리고-돌이키셨다","그리고-뒤집으시고","그리고-바꾸셨다","너희가-뒤집었도다","돌려라","돌리라","돌이셨나이다","돌이켰도다","돌이키리라","돌이키셨으니","뒤집는-자들아","뒤집으셨도다","바꾸리오","바꾸셨으니","변하게-하시는"]·PT["E-converteu","E-transformarei","E-virou","Mudará","Os-que-transformam","Que-transforma","Transformou","Virou","converterei","e-tornarei","e-transforma","e-transformou","e-virou","transformaste","transformastes","vira"]·RU["И-обратил","И-обращу","И-превращу","Обратил","Превратил","Превращающего","Превращающие","и-Превращающий","и-повернул","и-превратил-","и-превратил-Он","ли-изменит","но-обратил","обращу","перевернёшь","переворачивает","поверни","превратил","превратили"]·ES["Cambiará","Convirtió","El-que-transforma","Los-que-convierten","Volvió","Vuelve","Y-cambió","Y-convertiré","Y-convirtió","Y-volvió","convertiré","gira","habéis-convertido","transformaste","voltea","y-convertiré","y-el-que-convierte","y-le-transformó","y-volvió"]·SW["Aliigeuza","Mnaogeuza","Na-akageuza","Na-nitazigeuza","alibadilisha","anageuza","anayegeuza","geuza","je-atabadilika","mmeigeuza","na-akabadilika","na-akageuza","na-anayegeuza","na-nitageuza","na-wakasema","nitabadilisha","umeibadilisha"]·TR["Döndür","Ve-döndürdü","değiştirdin","değiştirir-mi","döndür","döndürdü","döndürdünüz","döndüreceğim","döndürenler","dönüştüren","ve-değiştirdi-","ve-döndürdü","ve-döndüreni","ve-dönüştürdü","ve-dönüştüreceğim","ve-çevirdi","ve-çevireceğim","çevirdi","çevirir"]·urd["-بدلنے-والے","اور-بدل-دوں-گا","اور-بدل-دوں-گا-میں","اور-بدل-دیا","اور-بدلا-اُس-نے","اور-بدلنے-والا","اور-موڑا","اور-پلٹی","اُس-نے-بدل-دیا","اُس-نے-بدلا","بدل-دوں-گا","بدل-دیا-تم-نے","بدلنے-والا","تُو-نے-بدل-دیا","موڑ","پلٹتا-ہے","کیا-بدل-سکتا-ہے"]
Exod 10:19, Lev 13:10, Deut 23:5, 1 Sam 10:9, 1 Kgs 22:34, 2 Kgs 9:23, 2 Chr 18:33, Neh 13:2, Ps 30:11, Ps 41:3, Ps 66:6, Ps 78:44 (+11 more)
3. Qal: overturn, overthrow — Qal destruction by overturning: the classic 'overthrow' sense anchored in Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen 19:21, 25, 29). Arabic قَلَبَ (qalaba = turn upside down) and Korean 뒤집다 (turn over) evoke total physical inversion. This catastrophic sense became proverbial, referenced in Deut 29:23, Isa 13:19, and Amos 4:11. 17×
AR["اِنْقَلَبَ","عِنْدَ-قَلْبِ","فَتَقْلِبُ","فَـ-قَلَبَهَا","قَلَبَ","قَلَبَها","قَلَبَهَا","قَلَبْتُ","قَلْبِي","وَ-قَلَبَ","وَ-لِ-يَقْلِبُوا","وَ-يَقلِبُ","وَأَقْلِبُ","وَلِيَقلِبَها","وَيَقْلِبُهَا"]·ben["আর-উল্টে-দেন","উলটাও","উলটিয়ে-দিয়েছি","উল্টানোতে","উল্টাব-আমি","উল্টিয়ে-দেন","উল্টে-দিলেন","উল্টেছিলেন","এবং-উলটাতে-তাকে","এবং-উলটিয়ে-দিল-তাকে","এবং-উলটে-দেব","এবং-উলটে-দেয়","ও-উলটিয়ে-দিতে","ও-উল্টে-দিলেন","ও-উল্টে-দেব","সে-উলটিয়েছে"]·DE["[ולהפך]","als-er-umkehrte","ich-umkehre","kehrte-um","overthrew","umkehren","und-kehrte-um","und-overturned-es","und-wendend","und-zu-overthrow-es"]·EN["I-overthrew","and-He-overthrew","and-He-overturns","and-I-will-overthrow","and-overturned-it","and-they-overturn","and-to-overthrow","and-to-overthrow-it","and-turning","he-overturned","overthrew","overthrowing","overthrown","overturns-them","when-He-overthrew"]·FR["[ולהפך]","et-Il-renversa","et-j'ai-renversé","et-overturned-il","et-renverser","et-tournant","et-à-overthrow-cela","j'ai-renversé","overthrew","overthrowing","quand-Il-renversa","renverser","renverser-eux"]·heb["ב-הפך","הפוך","הפך","הפכי-י","הפכם","הפכתי","ו-הפך","ו-הפכהו","ו-הפכתי","ו-יהפך","ו-יהפכו","ו-ל-הפך","ו-ל-הפכ-ה"]·HI["उलट-दिया-था","उलट-दिया-मैंने","उलटा","उलटाए-जाते-हैं","उलतोओनग","उसने-पलट-दिया","और-उलटने-को","और-उलतय","और-पलटता-है","और-पलटने","और-पलटा-उसे","और-मैं-पलटूंगा","और-वे-पलट-देते-हैं","जब-उलतय","वह-पलटता-है","वे-उलटाया"]·ID["Aku-menunggangbalikkan","Dan-menjungkirbalikkan","Digulingkan","dan-membalikkan","dan-membalikkannya","dan-menghancurkan","dan-menghancurkannya","dan-menjungkirbalikkan","dan-untuk-membalikkan","ditunggangbalikkan","ia-membalikkan","ketika-menghancurkan","membalikkannya","menghancurkan","menghancurkan-Aku"]·IT["[ולהפך]","capovolgere","capovolgere-loro","e-Egli-overthrew","e-a-overthrow-esso","e-capovolgere","e-overturned-esso","e-voltandosi","overthrew","overthrowing","quando-Egli-overthrew","rovesciare"]·jav["Kawula-ngejur","Kula-ngewahi","Lan-ngewahi","Yéhuwah-sampun-ngempur","diwalik","lan-Kawula-ngejur","lan-kanggé-njungkiraken","lan-ngrebahaken-piyambakipun","lan-njungkiraken","lan-sami-ngwangsulaken","nalika-ngewahi","ngrisak","ngwangsulaken-piyambakipun","njungkiraken"]·KO["그리고-그가-뒤집으신다","그리고-뒤엎으려고-그것을","그리고-뒤집었다-그것을","그리고-뒤집으리라","그리고-뒤집으셨다","그리고-엎어놓는다","그리고-엎으리라","그리고-전복하기-위해","내가-뒤엎었느니라","뒤엎으셨다","뒤집다","뒤집었다","뒤집으셔서","뒤집으셨다","뒤집힐-때-에"]·PT["Destruir","E-derrubarei","E-destruiu","Transtornei","as-transtornou","destruir","destruiu","e-a-virou","e-derrubar","e-derrubarei","e-para-subvertê-la","e-transtornam","e-vira","e-virar","quando-destruiu","revirou"]·RU["И-ниспроверг","И-опрокину","Опрокинул","и-ниспровержения-его","и-опрокидывает","и-опрокидывают","и-опрокину","и-перевернула-его","и-переворачивая","и-разведать","когда-ниспроверг","ниспроверг","ниспровергнуть-Мне","опрокинул-их","опрокинуты","переворачивает"]·ES["Trastorné","Y-derribaré","Y-derribó","al-derribar","derribados","derribar","destruyó","las-trastorna","volcó","y-derribaré","y-la-volteó","y-para-destruirla","y-para-trastornar","y-trastornan","y-volteando","y-vuelca"]·SW["Nilipindua","aliipindua","aliyapindua","anaangusha","anayaangusha","kuanguka","miji","na-akabadilisha","na-anageuza","na-kuangamiza","na-kuiangamiza","na-kuigeuza","na-nitaipindua","na-nitaupindua","na-ukalipindua","na-yanaiangusha","wanaangushwa"]·TR["Alt-üst-ettim","Ve-devirdi","Ve-devireceğim","devirdi","devirdi-onları","devirmem","devirmesinde","devrildi","devrilmesi","ve-altüst-ederler","ve-devireceğim","ve-devirir","ve-devirmek","ve-devirmek-için-onu","ve-çevirerek","yukarıya"]·urd["الٹ-جاتے-ہیں","الٹ-دیا","الٹا","اور-الٹ دیتا ہے","اور-الٹ-دوں-گا","اور-الٹ-دیتے-ہیں","اور-الٹا","اور-الٹا-دیا-اُسے","اور-اُسے-الٹنے","اور-اُلٹ-دیا","اور-اُلٹنے","اُلٹ-دیا-میں-نے","اُلٹوں-گا","جب-اُلٹا","پلٹ-دیتا-ہے-اُنہیں","پلٹا"]
Gen 19:21, Gen 19:25, Gen 19:29, Deut 29:23, Judg 7:13, 2 Sam 10:3, 2 Kgs 21:13, 1 Chr 19:3, Job 9:5, Job 12:15, Job 28:9, Job 34:25 (+5 more)
4. Qal: turn direction, turn back — Intransitive physical turning: changing direction or turning back. Distinguished from transformation senses by the spatial, bodily movement involved. Appears when armies turn in retreat (Judg 20:39, 41) or individuals turn away (1 Sam 25:12). Arabic انصرف (depart) and Swahili -geuka (turn around) confirm the directional sense. 7×
AR["أَدارَ","ارْتَدُّوا","الْتَفَتَ-","انْقَلَبَ","وَ-انْقَلَبَ","وَانصَرَفَ","وَانصَرَفَت"]·ben["এবং-ঘুরল","এবং-ঘুরে-গেল","ও-ফিরলেন","ঘুরল","ঘুরেছিল","তারা-পিছু-হটেছিল","ফিরিয়ে-দিয়েছে"]·DE["[ותהפך]","hat-wandte","und-sie-wandte","und-wandte","wandte","wandte-zurück"]·EN["and-she-turned","and-they-turned","and-turned","has-turned","turned","turned-back"]·FR["[ותהפך]","a-tourna","et-ils-se-tourna","et-tourna","le-renverser","se-tourna","tourna"]·heb["הפך","הפך-","הפכו","ו-הפך","ו-הפכו","ו-תהפך"]·HI["और-मुड़ा","और-मुड़े","और-लौटी","फिर-गए","फिरा","मुड़ा"]·ID["Dan-berbalik","Dan-berpaling","berbalik","dan-berbalik","membalikkan"]·IT["[ותהפך]","e-essi-si-voltò","e-si-volse","ha-volse","rovescio'","si-voltò","volse"]·jav["Lan-minger","Lan-piyambakipun-sami-minger","lan-minger","malik","mbalik","minger","wangsul"]·KO["그리고-돌아갔다","그리고-돌았다","그리고-돌이켰다","돌아서다","돌아섰나이다","돌이켰다"]·PT["E-viraram","E-virou-se","e-voltou","virou","virou-se","voltaram"]·RU["и-повернулась","и-повернули","и-повернулся","обратились-вспять","повернул","повернул-","повернулся"]·ES["Y-se-volvió","se-volvió","volvieron-atrás","volvió","y-se-volvieron","y-se-volvió"]·SW["Na-akageuka","aligeuka-","na-akageuka","na-wakageuka","wakageuka","walirudi-nyuma","wamegeuza"]·TR["Ve-döndü","Ve-döndüler","dondu-","döndü","geri-döndüler","ve-döndü"]·urd["اور-مڑے","اور-پلٹی","اور-پھرا","موڑ-دیی","مُڑا","پھر-گئے","پھرے"]
5. Nifal: be overthrown — Niphal passive of overthrow: a city or entity being destroyed as if toppled. Lamentations 4:6 compares Jerusalem's punishment to Sodom 'overthrown in a moment.' Jonah 3:4 warns Nineveh it will be 'overthrown.' Arabic تُقلَب and Korean 전복되다 (be overturned) mark this as the passive counterpart to sense 3. 5×
AR["الْمَنْقَلِبَةِ","تُقْلَبُ","مَقلوبٍ","وَ‒انْقَلَبَ","يَنقَلِبُ"]·ben["উলটানো","উলটানো-হয়","উলটিয়ে-যাবে","ও-উল্টে-গেল","যা-উল্টে-গেছিল"]·DE["kehrte-um","und-kehrte-um"]·EN["and-it-was-turned","is-overturned","the-one-overthrown","turned","will-be-overthrown"]·FR["[הפוכה]","[ונהפוך]","elle-est-renversée","renverser"]·heb["ה-הפוכה","הפוכה","ו-נהפוך","נהפך","נהפכת"]·HI["उलट-दी-जाएगी","और-पलट-गया","जो-उलट-गई-थी","पलटी-हुई","पलटी-है"]·ID["akan-ditunggangbalikkan.","dan-dibalik","dibalik","diubah","yang-dijungkirbalikkan"]·IT["[ונהפוך]","capovolgere","rovesciare"]·jav["badhé-dipunjungkiraken","dipun-walik","ingkang-kajungkiraken","kawangsulaken","lan-dipun-walik"]·KO["그리고-뒤집혔다","뒤집은","무너지던-것-이","변하니","전복되리라"]·PT["a-que-foi-derribada","e-foi-invertido","será-destruida","virado","é-revolvida"]·RU["и-обратилось","перевернётся","перевёрнутая","перевёрнутого","превращается"]·ES["la-que-fue-destruida","se-transforma","sera-destruida","voltear","y-fue-invertido"]·SW["geuliwa","iliyoangamizwa","imegeuzwa","itaangushwa","na-ikageuzwa"]·TR["devrilenler","döndürüldü","ve-tersine-döndü","yıkılacak","çevrilmiş"]·urd["اور-بدل-گیا","اُلٹ-دیا-جائے-گا","بدلی جاتی ہے","جو-الٹ-گئی","پلٹی-ہوئی"]
6. Hitpael: turn oneself, tumble, revolve — Hithpael reflexive: turning oneself, tumbling, or revolving. The flaming sword 'turning every way' at Eden's gate (Gen 3:24) is the paradigmatic instance. Job 37:12 describes clouds 'turning about' at God's direction. Arabic يتقلّب (roll over) and Swahili -viringika (tumble) confirm the iterative, self-directed motion. 4×
AR["الْمُتَقَلِّبِ","تَتَحَوَّلُ","يَتَدَحْرَجُ","يَتَقَلَّبُ"]·ben["গড়াগড়ি-খাচ্ছে","ঘুরে-ঘুরে","ঘূর্ণায়মান","তা-পরিবর্তিত-হয়"]·DE["des-sich-wendenden","kehrte-um","tumbling"]·EN["it-is-changed","the-turning","tumbling","turns"]·FR["le-tournant","renverser","tumbling"]·heb["ה-מתהפכת","מתהפך","תתהפך"]·HI["उस-घूमनेवाली","बदलती-है","मुड़ती-है","लुढ़कती-थी"]·ID["Berubah","berguling","berputar","yang-berputar-putar"]·IT["capovolgere","il-turning","tumbling"]·jav["Kawangsulaken","ingkang-mubeng","kasebar","muter-muter"]·KO["굴러왔다","그-돌아가는","변한다","움직임-으로"]·PT["Transforma-se","que-se-revolve","rolando","voltando"]·RU["-обращающегося","изменяется","катилась","кружится"]·ES["Se-transforma","gira","la-que-se-revuelve","rodando"]·SW["inabadilika","linageuka","ukiviringika","unaozunguka"]·TR["-dönen","Dönüştürülür","de-ordugâhına","döner"]·urd["بدل جاتی ہے","لڑھک-رہی-تھی","پلٹتا ہے","گھومتی-ہوئی"]
7. sense 7 — A Qal/Niphal usage in Job 30:15 where Job's dignity is 'turned' or overturned -- his honor is driven away like wind. Spanish se-volvió and German der-kehrte-um suggest a turning of fortune. Contextually this bridges the physical turning and the metaphorical transformation senses, applied to abstract honor. 1×
AR["انقَلَبَ"]·ben["উলটে-গেছে"]·DE["der-kehrte-um"]·EN["turned"]·FR["renverser"]·heb["נהפך"]·HI["पलट-गई"]·ID["Dibalikkan"]·IT["capovolgere"]·jav["Kawangsulaken"]·KO["돌아섰다"]·PT["Voltou-se"]·RU["обратились"]·ES["Se-volvió"]·SW["zimegeuka"]·TR["Döndürüldü"]·urd["پلٹ گئیں"]
8. sense 8 — A unique Qal sense in Jeremiah 23:36 meaning to pervert or distort, specifically twisting the words of the living God. Spanish trastornasteis (you distorted) captures the willful corruption. This extends the 'overturn' image into the domain of speech and belief: turning truth upside down. 1×
AR["وَ-حَرَّفْتُمْ"]·ben["ও-তোমরা-বিকৃত-করেছ"]·DE["und-umkehren"]·EN["and-you-have-perverted"]·FR["et-renverser"]·heb["ו-הפכתם"]·HI["और-तुमने-बिगाड़ा-है"]·ID["dan-kamu-memutarbalikkan"]·IT["e-rovesciare"]·jav["lan-panjenengan-sampun-ngowahi"]·KO["그리고-너희가-뒤집었다"]·PT["e-pervertestes"]·RU["и-извратили"]·ES["y-trastornasteis"]·SW["na-mmeyageuza"]·TR["ve-çarptınız"]·urd["اور-بگاڑ-دیا-تم-نے"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G4102 1. faith, trust, belief (239×)G4100 1. believe / have faith in (233×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† הָפַךְ vb. turn, overturn (NH id., Aramaic הֲפַךְ, ܗܦܰܟ, Arabic أَفَكَ WSG 47, Assyrian abâku, apâku DlW)— Qal Pf. Lv 13:3 + 13 times; וְהָפַךְ consec. 2 K 21:13 Jb 34:25; 3 mpl. הָֽפְכוּ ψ 78:9; הֲפַכְתֶּם Am 6:12 Je 23:36, etc.; Impf. יַהֲפֹךְ La 3:3 Je 13:23; וַיַּהֲפֹךְ Gn 19:25 + 6 times; וַיַּהֲפָךְ־ 1 S 10:9; sf. וַיַּהַפְכֵהוּ Ju 7:13; 3 fs. וַתַּהֲפֹךְ 2 Ch 9:12; אֶהְפֹּךְ Zp 3:9;…