H1498 H1498
Robbery, plunder; the act of seizing property by force, or the thing violently taken.
Denotes the violent seizure of another's possessions, whether as an abstract act or as the concrete goods taken. In Leviticus 5:21 it appears alongside fraud and extortion in a list of offenses requiring restitution, while Psalm 62:10 pairs it with oppression (ʿosheq) to warn against trusting in ill-gotten gain. Isaiah 61:8 reveals God's hatred of robbery, and Ezekiel 22:29 uses the cognate accusative construction (gazal gazel) to underscore how pervasive the plundering had become in Jerusalem. Spanish 'robo' and French 'vol' both capture the core sense of violent theft.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Robbery or plunder — the forcible taking of property or the spoil itself. The multilingual glosses converge on a single meaning (eng 'robbery,' spa 'robo,' fra 'vol'). Used in legal contexts (Lev 6:2, requiring confession and restitution), wisdom warnings (Ps 62:10, paired with oppression), prophetic indictments of injustice (Isa 61:8; Ezek 22:29), covering both the abstract act and the concrete thing seized. 4×
AR["-السَلْبِ", "بِ-نَهْبٍ", "نَهْبًا", "وَ-بِ-السَرِقَةِ"]·ben["ও-লুন্ঠনে", "লুট", "লুণ্ঠন", "লুন্ঠনে"]·DE["[גזל]", "in-robbery", "und-in-robbery"]·EN["and-in-robbery", "in-robbery", "robbery"]·FR["[גזל]", "dans-robbery", "et-dans-vol", "vol"]·heb["ב-גזל", "גזל", "ו-ב-גזל"]·HI["और-डकैती-पर", "डकैती", "लूट", "लूट-में"]·ID["dalam-hal-perampokan", "dan-pada-perampokan", "dengan-perampokan", "perampasan"]·IT["[גזל]", "[ובגזל]", "in-robbery"]·jav["babagan-rampasan", "rampasan", "rampok", "saha-dhateng-rampok"]·KO["강탈에", "강탈을", "그리고-약탈-에"]·PT["e-em-roubo", "em-roubo", "roubo"]·RU["грабежом", "грабёж", "и-грабежом", "о-грабеже"]·ES["en-robo", "robo", "y-en-robo"]·SW["kwa-wizi", "na-katika-uporaji", "uporaji", "wizi"]·TR["-da-yağma", "soygun", "soyguncuulktan", "ve-soygunla"]·urd["لوٹ", "لوٹ-سے", "لوٹ-میں", "وَ-بَ-لوٹ"]
Related Senses
H5414 1. give, bestow (1855×)H3947 1. take, seize, grasp (Qal) (940×)G2192 1. possess / have (680×)G1325 1. give, bestow (336×)H5159 1. inherited land or property (170×)G2983 1. receive, obtain (134×)H3423 1. Qal: take possession of land (130×)G2983 2. take, take up (113×)G2398 1. one's own, belonging to oneself (91×)G3860 1. hand over, deliver to custody (78×)H7998 1. spoil, plunder, booty (74×)G1325 2. be given, be granted (70×)H5414 2. put, place, set (68×)H7999a 1. pay, repay, recompense (63×)H7069 1. Buy, purchase (59×)H1892 1. vanity, futility, absurdity (58×)H5159 2. heritage as covenant portion (52×)H6299 1. redeem or ransom (Qal active) (49×)H4376 1. Sell (Qal active) (47×)H1350a 1. Redeem, buy back (46×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† גָּזֵל n.[m.] robbery—abs. גָּזֵל Lv 5:21 + 3 times + Ez 18:18 cf. infr.; cstr. גֵּ֫זֶל Ec 5:7 Ez 18:18 (but cf. infr.);—robbery Lv 5:21 (P) ψ 62:11 (‖ עֹשֶׁק) Is 61:8; = thing plundered, taken as plunder, as acc. cogn. Ez 22:29 (גָּזַל גָּזֵל); fig. גֵּזֶל משפט = wresting of justice (cf. Is 10:2) Ec 5:7—Ez 18:18 has גֵּזֶל אָח, but 𝔊 Co del. אח; read then גָּזֵל.—Cf. LagBN 172.